The New York Herald Newspaper, May 29, 1860, Page 8

Le ee 6 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, MAY 29, 1860.—TRIPLH SHEET. The resignat'on of Sergeant Cast, of the First pre- ciret, Brooklyn, was received and accepte!, anda vote of thaaks rcturned to boat crew No. 2, Harbor Police, for their efficiency in arresting the muti- neers on board the sbi. Wm. F. Storer. Wm. Hal- vey was appointed Assistant Clerk. Congress was engaged yesterday im debater NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDISOR AND PROPRIETOR. plan previously sgreed upon with the popula’ leaders, and which no doubt dictated his dis embarkation at this polnt—namely, advance "pon Palermo by the Salemi road, whilst the main body of the insurgents, leaving Cefslu about the same time,and moving along the Orrick N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS. the important cities of San Luis Potost Gnanojrato, is eapposed to be marching on of the Indian Generals of the church party, held the city of Queretaro, which lies in the line of march for Uraga, and Miramon, having imposed @ forced loan on the city of Mexico TERMS, cwh in advance. Money sont ty mail wilt be atthe | The Senate ciscussed the Post Office Defic’ thore road, will attack the city on the norther» > peas Postage wana . oan Appropriatio : bill, and the House the Pesresmoae§ side. The distance elther way does not ex- TUR INL HEMALD cory Satur ie cede par toad bill. The report of the Committee of Con- | ceed fifty miles, and as the mountains interven oF, Se re cess Oe anaes to Fiuion ry toc Brim, | ence On the Gisagrecing sincndments to the | ing between the two camps are in tho poses: or $a io any partie the Continent tech to wrcucle postage; ihe | Military Acad » y bil was adopted by both houses. | sion of the liberals, there will be no difficulty In the ‘ourt of General Sessions yesterday, the case co: ie he: Kennedy, charged with the homi- cide of Wim Cuurch in January last, was bronght up, Lu, owing to the absence of the defendant's counsel, was de‘erred. Kennedy, it wil, be rememberei, was indicted for killing Church dogs edoartinemants to, Tim © Cort rang, daring a tzest aftray on the 2d of 2 an By Gl bhi anuary last, et the corner of Jane and Washing- executed meatmese, cheapness ton streets. TLe trial of James Sheppard, charged with wife murder and arson, is set down for to-day. Volume XXV............ assesesececesceed@e 249 | A panel of 300 jurors has been summoned. This will be the third trial of Sheppard on the above charge. The majority of the Excise Commissioners con- tinue their daily sessions without intermission, ex. cept on Sunday. Yesterday they granted another half dozen of thirty dollar licenses. ‘The Cirouit Court yesterday heard argument on the motien of counsel in the case of Albert W. _| Aicks, slis Johnson, convicted of piracy on board a REW SOWERY, Bowory.~Kinc or tum Commons | 1). coster sloop E. A. Johnson, for an arrest 0 judgment, and reserved its decision. According to the City Inspector's report there wore 422 deaths in the city during the past week, an increase of 20 as compared with the mortality of the week previous, and 56 more than occurred curing the corresponding week last year. The re- capt ion table gives 3 deaths of diseases of the houes, joints, &c., 68 of the brain and nerves, 4 of the generative organs, 26 of the heart and blood vessels, 136 of the lungs, throat, &c.,3 of old age, 74 of diseases of the skin and eruptive fevers, 7 still- bern and premature births, 56 of diseases of the stomach, bowels and other digestive organs, 44 of ceneral levers, 1 of disease of the urinary organs, l unknown, and 22 from violent causes. The na- tivity table gives 288 natives of the United States, 80 of treland,27 of Germany, 8 of Englind, and the balazice of varfbus foreign countries. ‘The foreign uews received by the steamer Pslestiae bad a tecdency to check sales of cotton yesterday and to ren fer prices lees buoyant. The traussctions were con- fined to about £00 bales, at quotations given in another ‘The Cunard mai! steamship Europa, Capt. Leitch, will | column, which are the same as those previously reported. leave Boston on Wednesday, for Liverpool. Fiour was without important change in prices, while the The Suropean mails will close in this city this af- | local demand, with some toquiry for export, led to a fair ferneon at balf-past one o'clock, to go by railroad, and | amount of sales. Wheat, though somewhat ie ou»; a0t, ‘wt half past four o’ciock, to gp by steamboat. was without important change. The chief demand was ‘The Eonoraay fomon ov rue Haratp will be published | for export The receipts of corn continued t» be large, Mt ton o'clock im the morning. Mingle copies, \a wrappers, | and the markct heavy, while the sales wero fsir, includiag ‘31 6) per annum. “ POOR e(NILY HERALD on Wednesday, at four cents per wRy, UN ETRY CORRESPONDENCE, containing tunportant ‘OLUNTA ewe sdliited from any quarter of the world; Y weed, seill be Tocraily pail jor” Bar Gun FowwiGh CORBRAFONOD NTS 488 Pa Ly BAQUESTED To Seas sit Larrams ane Paca- vs FJ CR taken of anonyrnous correapondance, We do not return resected communiontions. ADY 'ERTISEMENTS renewed ww Hewavp, ¥, = eerie Gilgen and JOB PRINTING, apatch. AMUSEMENTS TH13 BVENING. 2 qanpem, Broadway, opp rsite Bond street.— ‘WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Ovancine Roots. LAUBA KEENE’* TURATER ‘Broadway.—Lnvisisiz Pusos—Laxp Mr Five toe BARNOWS AMERICAN MUSEUM. Brosdway- Day and = ym Suanoa or tus Peainis—Pacuixe—Livina BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broad- way.— Buwsssques, Sones, Damcas, £0.—Sornas at PusLons SIBLO’S BALOOM, Broadway —Geo. Cuusrr's Min | ad Songs, Dasces, Burcesques, Ag. —Javk axp bus NATIONAL CONCERT BALOON, Mational Theatre.— Bones, Dances, Buntzsquas, Av. st OF THIRTEENTH STRERT AND FOURTH Avi R—Causiroasi. Mew econ TRIPLE SHEET. Oe Rew Work, Tacsday, May 2°, Whe Sew York Herald—Hdition fer Europe. brought to bear upon it, the government at Turin bad decided to prevent the departure ment troops, followed, perhaps, by political troubles, which all Count Cavour's diplomacy might fail to arrange. di’s successful disembarkation had also occa- sioned the greatest excitement amongst the people of Naples, and corresponding alarm amongst the court party. To such an extent were the latter panic etricken that it is stated the royal family were packing up their jewels and valnables, and preparing for flight. This friends of the Sicilian cause who furnished the funds for Garibaldi’s expedition. It was felt Neapolitan heart, the summons to arms of the heroic champion of Italian liberty would meet an immediate aud enthusiastic respohse. It required, in fact, but the power of such a name energy to the scattered elements of Sicilian to obtain resources, had left that city on the 10:h inst., to support Mejia. Animportant bat- tle between Uraga and Miramon is anticipated- Before the reactionary leader left the capi- tal, one of those curious episodes occurred which bave become so frequent in Mexicea politics. Zuloaga, in whose name MI- ramon acts as ‘President Substitute,” is- sued a decree deposipg Miramon, and re- assuming the Presidency. This young General, instead of obeying the decree, caused Zuloage to be brought to the palace by the chief of police, and, when he left the capital to join the army in the field, took the would-be President with him as a prisoner in his train. This inci-- dent illustrates the state of discord existing between the army and the church, which are ostensibly acting together in the struggle against the constitutional government. The proposed conducta to be sent from Mexico to Vera Cruz had failed, evidently from a want of confidence, which prevented the merchants from entrusting the authorities in the capital with their funds. ‘The Presidential Blection—Present Aspect of the Canvass. The condition of the public mind at the pre- sent moment, so far as the political questions of the day are concerned, presents a singular anomaly. Events, which are yet fresh in the recollection of every one, indicated, previous to the Charleston Convention, that the Presi- dential canvass of 1860 would be hotly con- tested, and that the people, apart from the po- liticiaps, would enter upon the fight with una sual ardor. There are as yet, however, no signs of ex- traordipary excitement even among the poli- ticians, while the masses have made no sort of response to the nominations of either Mr. Lin- coln or Mr. Bell. The Charleston Convea- tion was broken up through the quarrels and velfich strifes of the rival leaders of the party It was easy for the masses to see that no ques- tion of principle divided the Northern and Sonthern delegates. The fight about the plat- form, like the Senate debate on the Davis resolutions, was all for buncombe. As Mr. Slidell says in his letter, which we in keeping up their communications all the while, It would appear from the latest accounts that the announcement of Garibaldi’s landing had thrown both Palermo and Messina into such 4 state of ferment that the royal troops had the greatest difficulty in repressing popular mani- feetations. An insurrectionary movement was said to have broken ont in Calabria, and to this point it was probable that the second part of the expeditionary force, under Garibaldi’s lieutenant, Medici, would be directed. It was stated that owing to the diplomatic pressure of this fresh batch of volunteers from Genoa; but we hardly think that it would venture upon such a step. The enthusiasm excited by this second crusade in the cause of Italian liberty was too marked to be trifled with by Victor Emanuel and his advisers. Were .they to resort to force for the purpose of detainiog Medici’s little squadron, there would, in all probability, be a revolt amongst the govern. As might be expected, the news of Garibal- was what was counted upon by those generous that if there was a spark of patriotism in the and sucha presence to impart cohesion and Bix cents ‘The contents of the Evrorsax Evrros or tus Hnatp ‘will combine the news received by mail and telegraph at the offins during the previous week and up to the hour of publication ‘Tne News. By the arrival of the Palestine in the river St Lawrence, and the Arabia at Halifax, yesterday, we bave European advices to the 20th inst., one week later than the accounts previously received. The news is highly iuterosting. Garibaldi had landed at Marsala, in Sicily, where he encountered the Neapolitan troops. His two steamers were attacked by a Neapolitan naval force, and one ot them sunk and the other cap- tured. The latest accounts state that Garibaldi had except Messina and Palermo, moving on the last mentioned city. Naples was m a state of panic at the report of Garibaldi’s progress. There were indications of a general insurrection, and the royal family were preparing for flight. It is stated that the King of Naples had applied for foreign intervention. A se. cond expedition, to reinforce Garibaldi, six thou- sand strong, was figting out in Sardinia. ‘The Sayers and Acenan prize fight has been ad- parcels for export Pork was heavy and lowor, with sales of new mcss at $17 86 8 $17 §73;, and new prime at $13 6254. Sugars were steady at Saturday's qu xutions, bai lees active; ‘he gales embraced 526 bhds , 70 boxos aut 242 bcs. melado. Coffee was steady, with sales of about 1,800 bags Rio, 160 do. Laguayra and 75 oege Maraceivo, at rates given in another eolum:. Freights were active and rates for grain were firm. The engagemonts of corn and wheat )esterday, to L'verpocl, amounted to about 10,0C0 bushels, chiefly the former, at 8d. a 8\4., in bulk and ip bage, with some wheat tn sbip’s bage at $id ,acd 1,500 bbis flour at 2x. 84. ‘Two veasels, to load with corn, for Cork and a market, were taken up, at $4. in stippers’ bags. Important from Siclly—8 seful Land- ing of Gartbaidt. The arrival of the steamers Palestine and Arabia places us in possession of a week's later intelligence regarding the movements of Garibaldi. At the date of the last advices from Sicily it will be remembered that the insur- gents were strongly entrenched at Cefala, on the north coast of the island, about fifteen leagues from Palérmo. This town stands at the foot of a lotty conical mountain, forming a spur of the great ridge which intersects the island from east to wost, and hasa small harbor. In print elsewhere, the delegates from States which under no circumstances could be expected to give the candidate an electo- ral vote attempted to control the actiou of the Convention, whereupon the delegates from eight sure democratic States retired from the body, “in the hope that reflection would io- duce the majority to retrace their steps.”” Thea the mojority fell to fighting amongst themselves, and, in order to avoid absolute dissolution, ad- journed to Baltimore. The seceders have called a meeting at Richmond, and the masses of the party, apprehending that there might be two democratic candidates in the fleld, became dis- gusted at the stupidity of their leaders, and lost all interest inthe matter. Mr. Slidell’s letter shows that the South is willing to lswu w tuo voice of reason. He thinks that the Louisiana delegates ought to meet at Richmond and ad- journ over to a day subsequent to that fixed for the Convention at Baltimore. That means that the Sonth is ready, nay, anxious, to come back to the fold in case they can do so with honor. . nationality. That unfortunate people had been held in chains so long, and had suffered so much by internal treachery, that they had begun to despair of their own power to eman- cipate themselves. It now remains to be seen whether they will prove worthy of the disinte- restedness and self-devotion which their Pied- monteee brethren, headed by the glorious pa- triot Garibaldi, are exhibiting in their behalf: Dirromatic Promorioys ty Irary.—Ges. E. J. Mallett, Consular Agent, was nominated on Wednesday last full Consul General at Fio- rence, in Central Italy, and on the following day the Senate concurred in the bill which had pssced the House to raise the grade from. Minis- ter Resident to a full Minister at the Court of Sardipia. While these promotions are most agreeable and complimentary to the incumbents in office, they must be welcome and most flattering to the Italian people; because It indicates the na- tional interest and generous sympathy of the United States for a people who have so nobly struggled to establish more liberal institutions; justed by the principals. Each is to have a cham- pion’s belt presented to him, while the original pelt is to remain in the possession of the referee. Theodore Parker, the Boston abolitionist, died at Florence on the 10th. We publish a sketch of the deceased in another column. order, probably, to avoid passing Palermo, and to escape the Neapolitan cruisers which might naturally be expected to keep asharp lookout in the nelghborhood of the insurgents’ headquarters, as well as along the ‘At London the disturbed state of affairs on the | northern line of the coast, it appears that the Continent had caused a decline in consols, while at | expedition under Garibaldi eteered due south, Liverpool cotton was dull, and provisions and | and effected a landing at Marsala, the extreme breadstuffs were quiet. : western point of the island. This place, famous ‘The steamship Pocahontas, from Vera Cruz the | for the wine which its neighborhood produces, 10th inst., arrived in New Orleans on the 23d. Her isa small fortified seaport, enclosed by bas- news is important. Uraga, with a considerable Po! y a force, some 6,000 or 7,000 men, was advancing on tioned walls. Its ancient barbor was in 1580 the capital. Miramon had collected all his availa- | filed up by Don John of Austria, to prevent its ble forces, and on the 10th marched out to meet | *fording shelter to pirates, and the new port, him. The next pews will in all probability bring | Wbich lies about a mile south of it, only admits tidings of a great battle between the contending | vesrels of swell draft. Here Garibaldi succeeded . The forces on cach side are about equal, | in disembarking upwards of a thousand of his erals are said to have a more numerous | wen, with their full complement of arms and amon bad with him, as prisoner, Pre- | ammunition. In effecting the landing, how- Zaloage issued, a few days pre-| ever he lost his two steamers, the Lombarda iy, ® decree, vaste osceari! his post | .04 the Piedmonte, one of which was captured stitute, wherenpon that persofiay preparer aN Bt be NR and the other sunk by the enemy. It is proba- the capital forced him to accompany the ble that he would have sustained a heavy loss 7, obliging him, 95 some accounts state, to in men but for the interference of the British in his court dress. Gen. La Vega has not | war vessels on the coast, which interposed for executed, as had been previously stated, bat | the protection of the Eoglish residents, aad a prisoner at San Luls Potosi, in the hands of | prevented the Neapolitan frigates from con- liberals, suflering from o scvore wound. | inning the bombardment. Of the third steamer nother forced loan had been decreed by Miramon | «hich sailed with a portion of the volunteers days re ator - rt from Genoa we hear no account. She either riac Prenc! it, left the city of Mexico tho Oth, and wes bb Salage at a, hss deol did not come up in time or was directed to ‘iting for means to reach the coast. He is said land her quota of men at some other point. have made quite a fortune during hisresidencein | There were a variety of rumors afloat as to country. The Trait d’ Union of VeraCrur has | the progress made by Garibaldi after making m stopped for want of printers We have re- | good bis landing. Some assert that he had d letters and additional files of Mexican papers | taken several strong positions in the island, the schooner Brilliante, also arrived at New Or | whilst others state that he was advancing on . a ea Palermo. All this we believe to be mere con- Atlantic Royal Mail Steamship Navigation | iecture; for it is not likely that he would risk peny's steamer Brazil wii! sail from St. Johns, ‘an immediate movement in that direction until foundlend, for Galway. on or about the even- of the 20th inst., and meseages lett with Mr. he had given time for reinf ae te ooee ree Stoker, European telegraphic commercial to his aid. It is true that once on terra st, No.7 Broad street, up to four P.M. thie | Arma no odds could be counted sgainst such , will be promptly forwarded there, and imme- | @ feariees leader as the Hero of Varese and Jy opon the arrival of the steamer at Galway | his devoted cacciatori. Besides, the royal raphed to any part of the Continent of Ea- | troops, though well disciplined, are more or Messages thus sent through Mr. Stoker's | Jess demoralized by the consciousness of a bad y, will, without doubt, reach any part of the | cause, and the hatred of their compatriots. it t in abont six or seven days after leaving | their hearts bad been embarked in their pre- ns. Telegraphic meseages from New York | sont service they would long since have made Orleans were delivered in London, ldver- | Joan account of the Sicilian insurgents, who owe wee hg then Sain da Sean's are not remarkable for bravery or endurance me in the field. ‘The great fact for us, amid so many specala tive rumors, is that the Piedmontese force, with ite heroic leader, has effected a safe landing, and is now amongst the Sicilians. Their presence will at once infuse spirit and energy into the hearts of the wavering, and will swell the ranks of the insurgents by thou- sands of the emall proprietors who have hith- erto been restrained from joining them by motives of prudence. This will furnish them with the money and supplies necersary to carry on the campaign, and to counteract the induce- ments held out by the agents of the govern- ment. Marsala is a town of twenty thousand inhabitants, and ft is probavie that there Garibaldi has already obtained a large exclusively to city matters. accession to his force. Once he feels Commissioners hada meeting yoster. | himself strong enough to ssmme the but transacted but littlc business. | offensive, he will carry out that part of the Board of Aldermen yesterday adopted a authorizing the Brooklyn Ferry Com to purchase the lease of the Peck Slip ferry, ran the said ferry to and from Falton street, Comptrotier’s report, exhibiting the reve- expenditares of the city for the year end- of December, 1959, was presented and re to the Committee on Finance. We give tre elsewhere. A communication was also re- the Corporation Counsel in regard to of Aldermen, stating that each Alder. ‘an ex-officio Justice of the Peace. The were also in session yesterday. A re- their proceedings is given in another Commissioners of Health held secret ses- afternoon. Their proceedings, how- dren, and bas inspired their love as well as their respect and veneration; and he can at this day traverse his kingdom from one boun- ary to the otber, not only unattended and uo- armed, but unharmed, for there is nota peasant but would fly to his succor should he need pro- tection. hand which grasps the sceptre would be speedi- ly compelled to let go its hold, but for the presence of French troops who are garrisoned in the Holy City; and the trembling throne of Naples would totter to its fall, were it not sup- ported by the bayonets of mercenary Swiss and other foreign soldiers. Mr. Slideli’s testimony is interesting tn another point of view. He does not consider that the real issue between the republicans and the democracy {s presented by the nomination of Mr. Lincoln with as much force as it would have been by the choice of Mr. Seward. The election of the former, espe- cially if brought about by any divisions in the democratic party, would not be considered as abeolute a test of Northern sentiment as ‘hat of Mr. Seward. We presume that Mr. Slidell means to say that the South would not consider the election of Lincoln as sufficient cause for the dissolution of the Union. Thus it will be seen that the effect of the demoralization of the democratic party North, through the corrup- tion of sach cliques as the Albany Regency, has finally Grought the country to such a pass that even the South can look with complacency upon the probability of the election of an abolition President, while in the North party ties, once apparently indissoluble, melt away like wax in the flame, There is now no co. hesion, no enthusiasm, in the ranks of the Northern democracy. The result of the con- ventions at Baltimore and Richmond is waited for with curiosity rather than with anxiety. The Northern delegates made a great blunder at Charleston, and it remains to be seen whetber or not they will have sense enough to redeem it at Baltimore. ~ On the other hand, the republicans sre quite as badly off as their opponents. If we contrast the reception of Mr. Fremont’s nomination with that ef Mr. Lincoln, what a terrible falling off in the political staple of enthusiasm we disco ver. When the Philadelphia nomination of 1856 was carried on the wings of the lightalog all over the country, the North responded with a cheer which was continuous all the way from the Aroostook to the Mississippi, from the Cans das to Mason and Dixon’s line. Old and young, men, women and children, went into the can- vaes with high hopes, stout hearts and willing hands. Now what is the state of the case? We bave accounts of ratification meetings at vari- ous pointe—Boston, Harrisburg and St. Louis — but at neither of these places bas the scene in and we will be gratified to announce a like ex- pression of feeling from our government to- wards other Powers in Europe for a like cause. It is an axiom in political economy that where governments look to the happiness and well being of the people, they can look with confidence for loyalty from the people and sub- serviency to the laws. France and Sardinia are striking illustrations of the wisdom and humanity of a liberal policy to thelr subjects, The rateable property in France bas more than doubled since the acces- sion of Napolen IIL, and every city and village in the empire, and every branch of national in- dustry and commercial enterprise, and every ogricultural district, is teeming with prospert- ty under the indefatigable sagacity of the French Emperor.’ Now, cross the Alps into Sardinia, and the traveller who paseed through that country ten to twelve years ago need not be told of a con- tented peasantry, and of national enterprise and improvements; for while the one stands out in bold relief at every mile, the other is wafted by the breeze from the plain to the mountains by the merry songs of a joyful people. The bebavior of Victor Emannel to his peo- ple has been like that of a father to his chil- How different at Rome! There the Papal The eubjects of heathen monarchs may be forced for centuries more to wear the yoke end bear the burdens, as under the ancient Pharaohs; but the day is past when Christian men will unyieldingly bear the agonizing tor- tures of a tyrant, or submit to be crushed by the iron heel of a despot. If Austria, Naples, Rome and other imperia! Powers would imitate the wise and humane policy of France and Sardinia, we would have to chronicle no more popular insurrections and sanguinary revolutions. But the ball is in motion; and if there is nota change of policy there will be a change of government; for the uprising of s downtrodden people will make hired soldiers quail, and cruel monarchs fly The handwriting is on the wall—“mene, mene, tekel, upbarsin.” Tar News rrow Mexico--Cvrtors Procrrp ras or Mrrawox,—We publish to-day fall and interesting particulars, from out correspon- dents and from the Vera Cruz journals, of the late news from Mexico. It is evident that another crisis exists in Mexican affairs, grow ing ont of the defeat of Miramon’s recent ex- péGition egainst Vera Crnz. The liberals have now become the assailants, and Gen. Uraga haying defeated Diaz de ln Vega, and oogupied of Cameron and the Biairs are singalarly cold, while in this State the Seward men oct as if The fire kindled at Chicago scems to have been extinguished before it had crossed the frontier of the State, and we have yet to hear of the follow Lincoln's nomination. In spite of all this apathy, however, the re- publicans, if the democracy do not make good use of the advantege given to them by the quarrels of the leaders at Chicago, may win the day, The race is not always to the swift, nor the battle to the strong; and, should the democracy split at Baltimore, rails may take a sudden rise, and Lincoln stock improve won- derfully. On the other hand, if the scattered fragments of the democracy shall be reunited on a fair platform, with s stroifg candidate— one who will make a good run in Penosylvania the Chicego platform has worked serious mis- cbief)—them there can be no donbt that the black republicans will be ss soundly tareshed OS and | next November as thy French were at Wa'er- | from s Canadian peper complsinizg wofully the | Ico, We ace strongly impre.*#ed with the idea | that the ports in the British Provinces are used copital with his victorious forces. Mojla, one | that the democi tic leaders, North and South, by many immigrant only as temporary reeting will be forced to chosee between acttling their | places; that most of those who land there push pereonal quarrels or givisig up ths spo."¢ t@ the | on into United States territory and settle in the black republicans, and that they will though not without a great deal of bickeriag, swearing, trading and bush fighting, the for- mer alternative. Let them beware of the dan- gers of delay. One more such a shock as the party organization received at Charleston will paralyze it altogether. Claims ef Our Ofitizens om Peru—Action by the Govermment. We learn that the government has sent orders to the steam frigate Wyoming to proceed at once to Lima and sustain our Minister, Mr.Clay, in the demands to be made on the government of Peru for the settlement of several claims Presented by American citizens against that In delaying action until the present time on these claims, in view of the dilatory and unjustifiable course pursued by the be a virtue. At the same time Pera has pur- sued an unjustifiable and indecorous course. It is generally known that before Mr. Osma, the Jate Peruvian Minister at Washington, left that city, he took legal counsel there as to the best method of defeating the American claimants, apd was advised that as Congress was not dis- posed tosupport Mr. Buchanan’s administration, Peru need fear no effective demand on the part of this government, the executive having au- thority only to make diplomatic or paper de mands. This was reported by Senor Osma to his government, and on it that of Peru acted. Mr. Clay obtained information of the fact, and communicated it to the Department of State, and the present Peruvian Minister at Washing- tom bas found the greatest difficulty in bis mis sion to explain away this indecorous proceed- ing. But, though wishing to explain matters: the Peruvian government has shown no dispo- sition to do justice, but bas rather sought, by every subtertuge, to create delay in the settle- ment of claims which it knows it must admit, if brought to the point. The principal claims are those of the owners of the ships Georgiana and Lizzie Thompson, upjustifiably confiscated by Peru, in 1858, and which are now used as transport ships by that goverpment; that of the owners of the whale ship Wm. Lee, for damages and expenses in- curred throngh a frivolous and uojustidable de- tention for a long time by the Peruvian autho- rities at Tumbes; those of Edmund Sartori and Dr. Easton, for outrages committed by Presi- dent Castilla in 1858 and 1854 respectively, avd several minor claims of an equally just character. In addition to these, there is the settlement made in 1852, between Mr. Everett, while Secretary of State, and Senos O-ma, then Peruvian Minister at Washington, of the Lobos Island question and claims. The stipulations of this agreement have been evaded by numerous eubterfuges on tha nart of Pt hich have voided bath spirit and letter of the arragement, and in on sequence & claim is now made on our govern- ment by the parties, and a special committee of the Senate bas reported favorably .thereon. It is time that the United States government took such a stand towards that of Peru as will secure justice to our citizens, and preserve the dignity of the American name abroad. Peru proposes to submit some of these claims to an arbiter, which is the worst principle that can be adopted for the settlement of the claims of citizens against a government, or of one government ogainst another, inasmuch as it always results either in a rejection of the claims entirely, or, where the case is too flagrant to admit of this, a splitting of the difference: which is seldom satisfactory to either party, The President should demand at once, in view of the unjustifiable course Peru has pursued, that a joint commission shall be appointed to ascertain the facts and award a decision in every case pending between the two countries If Pera is right we have no disposition to coerce her unjustly; if she is wrong the should be compelled to do justice to those of our citi- zens whore rights ehe bas violated, and whose enterprises, and perbaps whose fortunes, she bas ruined. Statistics or Inicratiox.—In pursuance with on act of Congrees passed March 3, 1855, Mr. Secretary Cass bas laid a statement be- fore that body thowing the number and desig- pation of parsengers arriving in the United States from foreign countries during the year 1859, which furnishes some interesting statis- tics. The total nomber of arrivals was 155,- 509, of whom 121,282 were aliens and 34,227 persons born in this country. Of this number 235,216 come from Ireland, and 39,315 from Germany. Of the entire amount 113,270 were landed at New York, 12,579 at Boston, 3,786 at Philadelphia, and 11,522 at New Orleana. For the last four years there has been a gra- dual falling off in immigration, except that in 1857 there was a éfight increase over that of the previous year, snd the same in 1559. ‘The following table shows the totals of immigra. tion for the respective years— 1806 so. TM ADE 1858 144,906 1857 271.92 1859. 155,509 the Wigwam been approximated. The speeches | they desired to encompass Lincoln's defeat. | “mighty uprising of the West” which was to | ‘The following table, containing the occupa | tlons of the different parties who landed in this | country during the past year, will give a good | idea of the kind of elements which the Oid | World contributes to advance the progress and civilization of the New:— | Merchants .......12,495 Millers . a7 Mechanics 13,092 Taiiors i | Marmee 826 Seametresses and Mivers 9510 _ milliners 250 | Engineers 118 Weavers... im Clergymen 157 enone + see in “ 88 8 tresses. Wanofactovers | Not stated. Artista ..... oe a Laborers.........21,696 Total...» . 165,609 From all the present indications it is fair to predict that the immigration for this year wil far exceed any of those above quoted, fe a general exodus alreedy setcog in, not siote from Ireland, bat from Germny he crthern Europe. The figures given by s ft must be remembered, hereas that and New Jerecy (where the “Dutch plank” of in United States ports, w bend pore thousands who 1and in the British Provinces sively sotto in this country. Upon this subject we give in qnother columa an article inke, | far West. It alleges asa reason for this that the fecilities for travel are so much greater in ty.” United States than in Canada, and induce- ments 0 Settle in our territory so much .more tempting, ‘at immigrants readily find their way here, which {¢ doubtless quite true, penlieie - —_—— The President and the Trumpery Charges of the c‘ovede Comunittes. On Friday we pub ‘ished the testimony of Bi- wood Fisher before the Covode Committee, tn which he stated, in reference to the Sloo con- tract with Mexico for the c.wstruction of « route, consisting of a plank road .0d a railroad, establishing interoceanic communic.stion across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, that “the diple- matic functions of the United States govera- | ment abroad and the Post Office Department at home were ‘prostituted for the purpose of wresting @ valuable contract from one set American citizens to give it to another, whe by Mr. Buchanan, but signed by General Cass. ‘This letter we publish complete ia another column, and it will be seen that Fisher is fistly contradicted by the very evidence to which he has appealed to sustain his testimony. From this document the following facts appear:— Bya clauee of the agreement it wasetipulated by Sloo & Co., as a guarantee for the fulfilment of their contract made in 1853, that they should deposit in the Mexican treasury the sum of $600,000—half of it immediately, and the remainder in monthly instalments of $50,000 each. Sloo & Co. failed to fui this stipulation, when aa arrangemeat was made by which Mr.Falconnet, a British subject resident in Mexico, should advance the sum of $600,000 to the Mexican treasury aad take bills drawn on the house of Sloo. The grant was mortgaged for the payment. Ia case of failure of the payment of the bilis the grant or contract was to be transferred to Fal- connet. The bills were protested and were never paid. Falconnet applied repeatedly to the Mexican government to acknowledge him as the rightiul owner, but could receive ao answer. He then, with a view of recovering his money, made a legal cession of his grant to Mr. Hargous, of New York, of which he ap- prised the Mexican government in 1855; but that government took no notice of his cemau- nication at that time, nor of subsequent com- munications, ti the British Ch @’ Affaires, in April, 1856, extorted an answeMgwhich was to the effect that the gover would recognise Falconnet, but not Hargous. Mae British Chargé insisted ia vain on the recogai- tion of Hargous, and Falconnet, thus deprived of his money, claimed to be the owner. Net- withstanding the default in the payment of the bills, Sloo and his partners organized s com- pany, under the laws of Louisians, by which Sloo was to have 50,000 of the 100,000 sbares into which the stock was divided, as a 2 one Swe we vuntract. By the agreement with Mexico, the contract- ors were bound to construct a plank road, in anticipation of the completion of the railroad, and by the 14th article it was provided “that the contractors should incur the peaalty of losing the expenditure already made, the materials and tools in the Mexican territory, and the rights conceded to them by the contract, if they did not commence and finish the wheel roa#, and if they did not commence the railroad with- in the stipulated time.” The company violated this engagement and forfeited the contract. They have not commenced, to this day, the construction of the plank road. It was pretended that the Mexican govera- ment bed waived the stipulation as to the plank road; but General Cass says there is no evi- dence of this, and besides, that it could not be waived without the consent of our government, which acquired an interest in both the plank road and railroad by treaty, in December, 1853. The United States had a deep interest in the construction of the road, and all our govern ment reqnired was that it should be built by some one. Sloo & Co. were unable or unwilling to do it, and the interests of American commerce were suffering. Under these circumstances Mr. Cass instructed our Minister at Mexico to obtain a modification of the eriginal contract from the Mexican government for a new com- pany, who would complete the road, and whe would recognise the rights of Mr. Falconnet, who had sunk his $600,000, In this applica tion the Minister was successful. This is all Mr. Buchanan has done. “The head and front of his offending hath this ex- tent—no more;” and yet s witness comes for- ward and charges him with -“ prostitatiog’’ the diplomatic functions of the government and the Post Office Department to a gigaatic frand‘upon American citizens, in order to beae- fit his own favorites. Could the force of im- potent malice further go? Mr, Buchansa is denounced for a patriotic act which benefits the United States and deeerves the applause of the whole country. This is but a specimen of the testimony before the Covode Committee—. a sample of the witnesses. Hitherto they have bad on the stand bankrupt printers, brokem ~ | » down steamboat men, disappointed politicians and office seekers, corrupt lobby men, with the other scum of the community floating about the barrooms of Washingten. Why do they not try to get from the State prison of New York a few witnesses who would cut the matter short, and save vast trouble, time and expenee—unclean birds, who have been caged for twenty years, and would be so delighted to get loose that they would swear anything to order—convicting the Presidect of the United States, and all his Cabiact, of rape, murder, burglary and flat blasphemy’ ‘Tae Recivnocrry Taeary wirn Caxana—A deal of interest has been excited of late all along the line, on both sides, betweem he United States and Canada, in reference to the working of the reciprocity treaty. Mony of our citizens contend that they hare been cheated by the Canadians, who, siace the treaty wns made, have pat a tariff on United States articles not included therein; and it is urged that there onght either to be a now treaty, or that the old one ought to be ed. Asa general thing it will be found that Faglieh re- ciprocity Is all at one side, like the handle of a pitcher; but, in the case of the treaty with Canada, the arrangement is fair and equal, as fat as it goes, Whether another treaty is ne- gessary is another question, and will be la of: