The New York Herald Newspaper, April 5, 1860, Page 2

2 —_————————r HETERESTING FROM WASHINGTOR. The Debate in the House on Polygamy Among the Mormons. The Delegate from Utah on His Legs. His Answers to the Interpella- tions of Other Members. The Charges Against Commissioner Medill. Opperition of the Republicans to Sending Troops to the Rio Grande, The Talk in the Capital on the Questions of the Day. THE PACIFIC RAILROAD SCHEME THE PRESIDENTIAL CONTEST. What is Thought of the Result in Connecticut. OF KANSAS, THE ADMISSION The Forthcoming Reports on the Pre- sident’s Protesting Message. Grand Organized Attack of the Opposition on Mr. Buchanan, &e., &., Our Washington Correspondence. Wasnixcton, March 22, 1860. The Charleston Comvention—No Change—The Republicans and the Mexican Question—The Sickles Gase—The Late &e, Pennsylvania Elactions—The factics ond the Ticket of the Union Party—McLean and Bell, dc. Tetters by the half bushel are received daily by the Democratic National Executive Committee, chiefly from delegates, urging the transfer of the Demo- sratic National Convention from Charleston to Balti- more; but the committee stick upon the question of the expediency of absuming the reeponsibility. Some of ‘the Southern fire-oategs are Uisposed to entertain the sus- picion that this hue and cry fora change is a Douglas movement; and the committee wish to steer clear of any wospicion of this kind. The National Committee will meet 4m a few days, and they will most probably, for the rea- wom suggested, issue a circular declaring @yet they consider inexpedient to change the time or the pMfee of the Con- vention. All parties concerned, therefore, far aud near, would do well to make their arrangements accordingly. ‘The republicans are finding out their danger in connes- ‘tion with the Mexican question, and they are disposed te Randle it and the Central American problem with great care and discretion. Hence the motion of Mr. Hale to re- « opeider the vote by which the Nicaraguan treaty waa re. fected, and hence their present silence concerning the weizure of the Miramon ships by our naval forces near Vera Cruz. The republicans, in fact, are very anxious to keep Mexico in the background; but the democracy, aware of their advantages in bringing it into the foreground, will ‘be very apt to bring it before the people in a ehaps so pel pable as to make it eclipse the free homestead and all other electioneering clap-trap expedienta of tho republican aad the action of the House on the Sickles contested lection case, it is p evident that Sickles wii! by the board, amd there are seme two or three other eases, including that of Barrett vs Blair, of Missouri which will, doubtless, be decided by the same rule of ascendency. ‘ ‘The recent little town elections of Pennsylvania, with their increased democratic gaivs and majorities, are due, ne we are told here, to the tactios of the American oppo- gition element, dissatiefied with the entente cordiale existing ‘between Gen. Cameron and W. H Seward. We are told, too, that these democratic gains and majorities will be se ‘ly increase’ in October as to decide the question for November for the whole country, should these premoni- ma] im Penasylvania be disregarded oy the cise Goovention. Bt connection the movement in the eld line whig- American Union party camp in bebalfof the nomination ‘gt their Baltimore Convention of the 9th of May, of Joha ‘MeLean and John Bell as their ultimatum to the repab. Hoan party, is gaining strength from day today. Several intelligent members of this third party now assure us @hat they are confident of the nomination of this old lime ticket of McLean and Bell. On the other side, we are informed that the national Gemocratic platfo-m, as agreed upon in a caucus ef the @emocratic majority of the Senate, will be acted upon Im @ue time, and will be adopted with the concurrence of every democratic Senator, excepting Mr. Douglas and Mr. Pagh. Wasnixatox, March 25, 1860. Fhe Political Parties of the Day—ecessity for @ Union Party with the Constitution fo uiform—The Trus Southern Sentiment om the Questi ns of the Day—Hn Ea- ward Everett as a Union Candidate for the Presidency, de., de. Your notice of the scheme of those who seem inte. rested in getting up a ‘‘balance of power party’’ has at- tracted my attention. Doubtless your views concerning ‘the aims of theee individuals are correct, and that it will amount merely to an organization to sell out to the highest Didder. But when you go further, and assert that there $a necessity of confining the approaching contest to two partics—the “republican” and “democratio—’and that the people mus! make choice from the two evils, I think you are in error. It i not yet too late, if the true conservatism of the Countsy can be acted upon, for a formidable organization to enter the ficld. This, however, should have the aid ‘and co operation of the independent press, instead of Ste opporition or negative approbation. . Ia the hope, Sherefore, Of affording you some suggestions to which you may areent or diseent, J will venture to trespass upon your attention. ‘The present unfortunate state of political affairs would neem to warrant the enlistment of all true patriots to rise above the partisanship of either the republicans or demo- crats, and appeal to the conservatives of all creeds and parties, religious and political, te hold, and abstain from further tampering with questions vital to our future well being as a happy and prosperous nation. It may be unnecessary to make much mention of exist- ing political parties; still, to more pointedly expose to Public view « necessity for a general effort to insare the ®alvation of our political institutions, it may be proper to Dricily refer to them. Wisbin afew years, parties have Deen constantly changieg. Whigs and democrats, with ‘their former specifically defined systems for the discharge of the spersenngpe functions of the Hyde ng have passed away, and new issues and partice usurped their places. Thoee parties were national and woextensive with th mits of the country, ‘The whigs scarcely retain an organization. The demo- crates still retain their organization. Is policy, distinctive elements and component parts, however, are so variei ag to be almost unappreciabie. [esides the democratic or- ganization there are those of the abolition proper and re. blican in the Northern, and Americaa in the Southern In sooking into the material of Ne sail oe ones par- ties are composed, as to antecedents, it w: e observed there bas been a complete mixing of the clements that made up former political organ!zations, and that sectional- iam is engrafted upon each to a grester or lesa degree, democratic, in the slave States, has absorbed a large portion of the old whig party. In ‘the free free Siatos it Gained slightly from that source, while within tteif ‘there are a variety of opinions the questions at issue. The American party @ creed capa- Die of universal applioaton, but ite | vitality is Uttle felt except in the slave States—its dis- encti secondary in the rf namber were apectinne: portion were do. izations ‘and confined to tie tree States. The} only in the intensity of their creeds—the one cial differ per ee fo eck wile the conatitaton, 2nd the other in but reasonable that our people shou! doing well, without the using of srqec ‘Measures to do better, espesi almost. ‘mpparalicied increase of my wealib, position, PO aer and relies ne os inte) ¥ artaing wo the national: 3 eighty-four yi 3,000,000 of Atlantic States, have increased to 0 ore in number, extending the country’s area to the Paciic, and becoming | porsersed of untimited resources in all material respects asa first cla‘s Power among the nations of the earth. And why should they not continue this tide of success? Ne considerable number 0’ persons will contend that our system of government has proven a failure, and yet nu- Merous Schemes bave been engendered which denote dis- affection Upon canvassing the causes, are they not traceable im. mediately or remotely to the Iax state of pudlie morals Produced by unrestrained Personal ambition? What in- Guced the organization of the American party, with ts exclusive teats, adverse to ¢ sysiem of religion aud tbose of foreign birth, but the defeat of afpirants at the hands of assumed ignorance, euperinduced by partisan trating? Why has modern republicanism become so formidable, Dut by reaeon of persoval digappoinuments? And how can the country be brought back to its originas safe and honorable position? Not by the persistent support of either of the parties named, for yet by s mere baiaace- of power oftice- seekers’ party; for that involves the neces- sity of continued strife, and widening the issues already. engendered—nor by any radical change in apparent aims and designs; for few would be willmg toacknowledge that they wished to subvert thoge inatitutious unver which this people bave go glorioutly prospered. But let all who are In the space of | , inhabiting thirteen a) which — the disposal of apy portion of his profits from the publi¢ Printing. ‘The course of examination allowed in Covode’s commit- ‘tee has, it ig understood, been in flagrant violation of the Practice of examining courts, in several inatamces, Thus, what are called ‘leading questions” cunningly framed so | ‘a8 to bring out from a confused witness the particular an- swer which the prosecutors in this case (as they may justly be called) wavted, have been allowed Ww be put. For instance, ‘The President dictated this arrangement, did he not?” “The Preeident told you to do so and 80, did he not?’’—these and the ace grossly leaping: questions were propounded, it is currently reported. Whatever damage may be done to those who went into these printing schemas and contracts for their own pe- cuniary emolument, I venture the prediction that the pub- eation of the testimony will show that veither the Presi- nent nor any member of the Cabinet hed his tutegrity soiled or his dignity lowered by the slightest complicity im the trangactiong of thoge whose quarreis over the pt have led to the pregent disclosures. ITALAN MARNLE FOR PRE CAPITOL COLUMNS. The Committee of the Senate on Public Buildings have under consideration the expediency of repealing the law requiring the use of American marble in the structure of the Capitol, in order to substitue italian marble columos for its portico. Now, the President and every member of the Oabinet are in favor of the American marble, and the Secretary of War bas issued an order to that effect; but to set aside that bot wedded to self cestruction bend a iittle, and allow ‘that the political parties to which they are attached have had on too great a preseure of sail, and agree to lessen it for safety daring the pending storm. Instead of Buffalo, Qncivzali or Philadelphia platforms, let the simple consti- toton of the United States nau the decisions of the judt- ciary under it be the platform for a coastitutional party rallying cry. Then let legislators be made to pledge a reduction of all federal salaries and emoluments of office to rates of ordinary family support upon frugal and eco- nomical prine ples, or to the standard of private enter- Prise. This accomplished and the numberless sinecures abolished, and the allment of mulutudes of our govern- ment difficulties will have departed. Large salaries aad expected plunder, in the way of jobs, are the induce- ments for competition by all sorts of bribery and trickery for official station. Until this can be effected, let legisia- tion ag to party or sectional questions remain as it is, that ill feeling may have time to cool and die out. The original thirteen States, all once slave, entered into a copartnership, the articles of which provided personal freedom and equal liberty, one with all, regarding their then universal condition. - in their own thme and manner, and without interference frag sister States, the people of the more northern aboli the institution of slavery. But, like meddiesome neighbors in the domestic affairs of others, a large portion of the people of those abolitionized States now assume the attitude of menacing hostility to the constitutional rights of their sisters of the South—demand- ing the right to curtail their privileges, their domesti¢ re- lations, their powers and their honor. Such is the attitude of ail parties in the Northern States, except portions of the democratic and old whig organizations. But these elements of exception are in no condition to unite on such terms as to make a victorious combination against the abolitionized seatiaent controlled by the republicans. The people of the entire South—de- mocrats and Americans—are throwao together in defence of their rights as equals under the constitution, and thus are forced into a sectional altitude because of the aggres- sions of the anti slavery Northern States. The minds of some are so embittered that pew oppose the whole peo- ple of the North, while others of less excitable character, appreciate the honest patriotism of the conservative classes, and would freely unite with them in any honor- able measures to soothe the excitement engendered by unneighborly aggressiens an bring the country back to ite original entente cordiale under the constitution. It is believed necessary, in order to attata this high ob- ject, under existivg circumstances, to organize & new party upon the basis of a large charity as to antecedents, inviting into one organization all true supporters of the government as founded, with the determination to crush out every element of treason now extant in the country. Such a party would be truly national, and couid be, North as South, one of higher aims and purer motives m of either seceasion or abolitionism. ‘What if it destroye all the present political organizations that are claimed to have the integrity of the constitution in view? Let the democratic, American and whig parties each and all fail and disban«, at least for the time being, and enter the new organization with one common sacred purpoee of saving cur government from the hand of the spoiler, and each will be the gainer in all material gpecte. Such a measure will serve to unite into a cot mon brotherhood all who would maintain our gover ment 48 it is, against those who would subvert it. Par- ties would, then be justly termed ‘constitutional’? and “anti-copetitutional,”’ which are equivalent to whig and tory. Wish the constitution as « party platform, it oer- tainly ought not to be difficult for democrate, whigs, Americans, or other conservatives, to unite to do battle agaivst a party pledged to render its provisions inopera- | tive and void. It may be suggested to the conservative classes through- out the States, thet tor general co operation in this plan, in tim® for the coming Presidential election, they imme- diately initiate measures for State, eounty and town or- gavizations, with a view to the selection of representa- tives to meet, fay at Baltimore, on the Fourth of July next, to name a standard-bearer for the party. Then let this conference select some other than an old political hack— | fay euch @ man as Hon. Edward Everett, whoso character | indicates higher aims than low, shuflling partieauship— | and Ihave no doubt but he can be elected, aad the go- yernment and public morals greatly benefitted, ‘Wasnmcron, March 28, 1860. The True Cause of the Rejection of the Nicaraguan Treaty— Dinner Party at the Executive Mansion—Miss Lane Re ceives the Guests—A Black Republican Oficial Dinner— Miss Lane’s Reception—The President and the Covode Committee—The True theory of the Case—Italian Marble for the Cepital Columns, dc. » The true cause of the rejection of the Nicaraguan treaty was jealousy of President Buchanan. The republican Se- nators were determined that the administration should not have the éclat of a measure whose beneficence they well knew would be practically cgrtionstrated before tho Presidential election. The same pitiful feeling will inev!- tably kill the McIane Mexican treaty. I} is, indeed, al- ready dead; and the vote upon ‘it will be a mere form, in which nobody now takes the slightest interest. Such are ‘the factious motives by which great measures of interna- tional policy are defeated. A minority, reckless of every- thing except what may mortify the Chief Magistrate, de- feat the party that support him, and promote their own selfish ends, thus dashes away the results of the labors and anxieties of months. ‘The consequences of this faciious conduct on the part of a segment of the Senate will be, first to make Nicaraguaa sort of province of Engtand, as that dexterous Power will not be slow to wvail herself of the advantages which our Senatorial partiaans have thrown eway. Secondly, more outrages and insults to our fellow citizens engaged in any business in that quarter. A government that caa- not carry through the most adyantegeous arrangements on account of faction in one of its co-ordinate departments, cannot expeet the righis and privileges of its citizens in a foreign land to be ret by robbers and marauders. ‘What care these Senatorial political tricksters about that, if they can embarrass and annoy the Presiden’, and de- prive him and his administration of the “glory” of these treaties? The dinner party yesterday at the executive mansion ‘was exclusively reckeiens. Miss Lane received the Preai- dent’s guesta—twenty five thorough-going democrats, all sound on Lecompton—but as there were no ladies, she soon went off to the Opera. It was a snug confidential gathering, though a little bird whispered to me that at Jeast two honorables had got in who have Douglas proeli- vities. If 80, they did no} show their colors on this occa- sion, and must have been much edified by the very de- cided animus in another direction, which inspired this, by far the pleasantest and most wholesouled and harmonious rathering that have put their legs under the mahogany of White House for some time. ‘There was quite a sprinkling of black republicans at an- other official dinner, which was given the day before in one of our most refined houses. Among them was the dignified Foote (to whem Jefferson Davis paid so distin- guished a compliment while Foote was temporarily pre- siding in the Senate), and the jooose, though rather sloachy and slovenly Hale. It was one of the most sucoessful ban- quets of the seazon—so say the diners out. Political anta- goniets submitted to the soft collar of social esteem, and every one tried to show how agreeable he could be, out of politics. Miss Lane’s reception to-day was more numerously attended than usual by members of the Diplomatic Corps, and members of Congress and taeir families, a8 neither House was in seesion; and the saloons of Madame Slidell shone resplendently from one to half- past five with ail the beauty and chivalry, statesmen and soldiers and strangers of distinction now here. Aided as ehe was by her fascinating aister-in-law, Madamede Leon, and ber two lovely and graceful. wo coaseba abe certainty makes her sumptuous house bear off the palm on reception days. Eaten yes cP IN pe OE . e impressions attempted ye made by tel ph, that the testimony of Mr. Wendell before the Covode In- vestigating Committee is calculated to impugn the official integrity of the President or the Cabinet, are quite erro- neous and do great injustice to those functionaries. The points on which the partisan fabricators of these aspersions found their insinuations against the adminis- tration are the negotiations between Wendell aud R'oe, of the Pennsylvanian. The real facts, as will be shown when the whole evidence is published, are that the late Postmaster General Brown, at the instance of influential democrats in Pei ‘Ivania, gave to Rice the appointment order and substitute foreign Iabor and material for Ameri- can, @ resort to legislation is made by parties interested in ajob. The Hxratp is Looked to, as the organ of American mechanics and interests over foreign contractora and epeculators, and we lose no time in apprisiog you of what is in the wind. ‘Wasnungrox, March 28, 1860, Mormon Polygamy—The Republican House Bill for its Sup- pression—The Question of Congressional Jurisdiction—Sla- very Involved in the Question—Oounter Movements on the Demccratic Side—An Interesting Issue—A Litlle Printing Plum of $50,000 to Tom Ford; dc., dc. ‘The Philadelphia republican platform of 1856 declares in good round terms the inflexible hostility of that party to ‘‘those twin relics of barbariam, polygamy and slave- ry.” In that compaign, however, ‘‘biceding Kansas’ 0 completely eclipsed this ‘twin relic” of polygamy, that pothing was beard of it during the canvass. But now, Kangas being out of the way, Mormonism is brought for- ward into the Presidential arena by the republicans ina shape which strikes at the nicest Southern abstractions upon slavery, in the movement for the suppression of this “twin relic” of polygamy. ‘The bill of Mr. Nelson, (S. opp.) of Tennessee, re- ported from the Judiciary Committee, and providing for the positive suppression, by act of Congress, of this Mor- mon naisance of polygamy, and for pains and penalties as for « bigh criminal offence, against all parties in the Ter- ritories of the United States guilty of polygamy, was Drought again before the House this morning, and created ‘&® manifest sensation on the democratic side. Mr. Branch, of North Carolina, at once discovered what hg thought would be tantamount to a complete recogui- tion of the absolute power of Congress over the “twin relic of barbarism,”’ slavery, in recognizing the absolute wer over this subject of polygamy. This was a Grecian Lorse which Mr. Branch was not disposed to admit withia the walls of Troy. He thought that the great evil com- plained of might be met in two other different ways:— i a oY the repeal of the act organizing the Territory of tal 2. By attaching Utah to one or several other Territories. But he thought that there were difficulties in the way of either of these expedients. In adopting the first, the special care of the Mormons, as in the occu of an unorganized Territory, would be very troublesome; and ip attaching Utah tosome new ‘territory or Territories, the Mormons, from their superior numbers, would be Btill competent to rule the roast. There was etill another plan, however, by which this trouble might be reached.’ It was the return of Congress tothat policy by whieh the Territories were governed down to 1836, the policy of allowing each Territory the power to elect only one branch of its local Legislature, Congress providing for the other eons the appointio, power of the President. And this was the policy throt which all the evils af Mormonism might be conveniently reached without the assumption on the part of Congress, of any doubtful expedients or disputed powers. We'agree with Mr. Clark, of Missouri, neverthcless, that by attaching Utah te some other Territorial govern- ments, Mormonism may be ‘‘crushed out.” For example, on the east side of Utah are the new populous Gen settlements (30,000 en of the Pike's Peak region, assum- ing the incipient form of the Territory of Jefferson; while on the west flank of Mormondom is the still more rapidly filling up region of Carson valley, which has assumed the preliminary organization of the Territory of Nevada. The castern territory in question overlaps the singe of Utah, and the western is almost entirely within bovnéaries. ‘Thus the division of the Mormon settlements of Utah between these two new Ter- ritories, by & line drawn through the centre of said settlements, would render the Mormons in each fer- ritory subordinate to the “Gentile” majority thereof, and subject to their Territorial laws and regulations. A fede: r Judicial district in each of these new Territories would ike the work of Mormon subjugation complete, and thus these contumacious and intractable polygamists of Salt Lake Valley » and its dependencies, would soon be reduced to their only alternative for the safety of their ‘peculiar inetitutions’’—their evacuation of the Territories of the United States en masze, bag and baggage. - This plan of dividing out the Mormous between the new Territorial governments, i3, we believe, the special pet project of Mr. Green, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Territories; and as it is a plan which would more quiet- ly and more speedily dispose of thts Mormon excresence upon our body politic than any other scheme, it is to be hoped that it Will be adopted, particularly as the y Abolition bill of the House Judiciary Committee ‘will t be aliowed to pass the Senate by the controlling Southern wing of that body, becauge this abolition of po- lygamy may be construed as comprehending, also, the power on the part of Congress to abolish or prohibit slavery in the Territories, That, in some form or other, the problem of Mormon polygamy will be solved this seasion ig highly probable from the vote of the House, 19 to 148, upon a motion to Jay this bill of the Judiciary Committee on the table. The republi are hot pon this trail for political capital. ‘Tney know that almost any measure on the part of Con- ews for the abatement of this Mormon nuisance would approved by the American people, who do most anxiously desire the Ls rorya or expulsion of this scandalous ecclesisstic political system of Utah Territory ‘without further trifling. The &Gvetary of War, in big annual report, calls loudly for the interposition of Congress, and the President sends his appeal. The presence of the army, in the absence of the needful authority, has operated to enrich and strength- en the Morm while under the protection of Mormon juries they have committed, and continue te commit, the woat infamous crimes of murder and terrorism with per- fect impunity, The republican party, bdelievit in the absolute power of Congress over these things, ‘will push forward their bill for the positive suppression of ly gamy through a schedule of federal pains and pe- naltiess and if the democracy do not wish to lose ground among the people on this subject, they must contend with ‘St least equal earnestness for some measure which indi- rectly will accomplish all that the republicans propose directly to do. The Printer of the House this morning obtained a nice ttle extra job of ten thousand extra copies of the reports of the explorations for a Northern Pacific Railroad route, which, at five dollars a copy, will amount to the sum of fifty thousand dol'ars for this bit of extra ae This will make the tenth volume of these Pacific Railroad re- ports, all of which together will have cost for the printing, engraving and coloring of the pictures, &c., the neat li sum of at least one million of dollars. So, after all, Master Ford will get something. This item of $50,000 is some- thing, but in the voluminous reports which will be made by alid by, from the various House committees of inves- tigation, we should not be surprised if jobs were cut out amounting to three times fifty theusand dollars for the Printer. And what saith the book: ‘He that Mei not for his own household, is worse than an inf- el.” Wasurxctor, March 29, 1860. Mr. Douglas and His Prospects—1he Southern Demecracy and their Estsmates upon some.other Man—Pre Presi- dent's Special Message and the Anti-Lecompton Douglas Democracy—The Issue Close at Hand—The Bulk of the De- mocracy with the President—A Nice Question for the Friends of Mr. Douglas. ‘The friends of Mr. Douglas are moving heaven and earth, and the waters of the earth, and the four winds of the four corners of the earth, to impress. the conviction upon every body everywhere that Douglas is the only man who can save the democratic party—that DOugias is the only man who can give to the Charleston Convention the assurance of suocess—that Douglas is the only democratic candidate who is feared by the republicans—that Douglas is the only man who can drive them from Seward to a more national candidate, and that Douglas or Seward must be the next President of the United States. In the vestibule of the House, in the halls surrounding the Senate chamber, in going to.or retarning from the ca- pitol, in the barrooms of the hotels, on theavenue, morning noon and night, the searcher after knowledge will expe: rience no difficuly in finding a Douglas man, perhaps a Douglas ‘Gelegate, but ten toones Douglas lobby man, com- petent to settle the question in five minutes in favor of the inevitable nomination of Mr. Douglas at Charleston. Bat the knowing ones understand ail sis; and they well of printer of Post Office blanks. Rice employed Wendell to do the work on terms privately arranged between themselves, with which ueither the President nor Post- mast General, nor any member of the Cabinet, had any- thivg whatever to do. It was afair business transaction between a man who had received an appointment and his employé, who had a conveniet office and materials and labor for the execution of the work. It turned out after- wards that both Rice and Wendell were dissatisfied with the conduct of each other under their own private contract— Rice complaining that Wendell did not pay him the per centage mutually agreed upon, and Wendell, on the other hand, complaining that he was paying too much, They carried theee complaints, no doubt, to the Preeldent, as they made them the common talk. im Washington and | Philadelphia. But the President, while receiving them | courteously, held no conversation upon theee matters, which, indeed, related to themeelves alone, and with which he would bave nothing todo. So far from’ dista- ting or suggesting any arrangement, he kept aloof from | any interference of any kind with their disputes, leaving L— to ered every ee mut themselves. 1 whole thing ia that the printing of the Post mee by) trot the eds ‘he Fou Onies 7 ment, joa in wi endell by which the latter an fo od Be WHE ead gare nin bree share of the profita; and then they quarrelled over their division of the money. And on this an attempt is made to get up a trampery charge against the President of subsidizing the ress. It will be that Wendell himself declared more thsp once the President had never written to him | apy letter, or held any conversations with him, suggesting | understand, too, that while a two-thirds vote will be re- quired to make the democratic nomination, Mr. Douglas will enter the convention with jess than one-third of the eleo- toral vote, and that he will not have a vole to begin ‘with, from ay macoutionshie democratic State, judging from the Northern elections of the last three years. All the rivals of Mr. Douglas for the Charleston nom|- nation are comparatively easy in their boow, particulariy thoare of ihe South. They feel easy, from the conviction that, as Mr. Douglas is the only candidate who would break up the carty in the South, he at least is out of the question. The solid democratic vote of the South must not te broken. It can be retained ugon almost auy other man than the leader of the anti-lecomptoa rebellion. ‘With this solid vote, morally safe im advance, the demo- cracy have threc‘alternatives for that Northern balance of power necessary to secure them the Presideat. Firet—They count upon Pennsylvania aud New Joraey. Second—They count upon the Northwest. Third—They look to New York. fo carry Pennsylvania and New Jersey, Mr. Guthrie, a sort of incidental protector of home manufactures, and a cemocratic Kentacky millionaire, is considered the iigbt man in some quarters; to carry the Northwest, from Inciana to Oregon, Gen. Joe Lane, or Old Joe as he ig familierly known, is believed to be the ticket among mspy of our mostragaciong Southern democratic politi. NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, APRIL 5, 1860.-TRIPLE SHEET. i am@ would only be too in assistin, the % ‘tion of a Southern candi for Preside: vif they ons pei for this service Mr. Seymour as Vice-President, And thus, until there shall bea bolt from the Southern States in favor of Mr. Douglas, New York will stand out against him. * It ia very probable, too, that the spirited, and appropriate remonstrance from the President of the ‘United States administered to the ruling republican party of that body to day, will have the effect of disclosing the impossibility of nominating Mr. Douglas at Charleston, bo- cause of the issue which is thus presented between Mr. Dougias and his anti Lecompton associates in Congress on the one side, and the administration on the other. Meesrs. Hickman, Huaetin and Adraia, are the par- ties by whom Mr, Covode and his select commitiee of five expect to prove that the President corruptly approached certain incorruptible members of Congress in reference to the passage of the Lecompton Constitution. Upon this point the Illinois Douglas delegation of the House are to some extent committed against the President; for, toush- inig this Lecompton Constiiution, Mr. Morris of lilinois, for example, has been, at the last Coogress and during the present, exceedingly free in his deaunciations of Mr. Bu- The discussion upon this message of the President, when it shall again come up, will show that the bulk the democratic party are with the a/‘ministration, and that as between Mr. Dougias and the President, the for- mer must yield to the voice of the party or take the con- Sequences. And itis upon this nice question that we ap- prebend Mr. Douglas will jose all the ground whish his friends say be hasbeen gaining in the party since the meeting of this Congress. The issue will soon be male, and we fear that the result will dispose of the last remain- ing hope of the nomination of Mr. Dougias at Charleston. Wasuincton, March 29, 1860, The Presiden\’s Messag: and its Effect upon the HoutomMr. Cobb's Withdrawal asa Presidential Candidate—Poltcy of the Southern Rights Democracy. ‘The special message of the President to the House to- day created, instanter, a tremendous sensation. A Dill had been intréduced by Mr. Fenton providing for the set. tlement of revolutionary claims, and covering some threo or four millions of dellars; and a bill from the Judiciary Committee had been reported covering five millions for the settlement of American claims arising from French spoliations upon our commerce prior to 1801, and the bill for the admission of Kansas into the Union had also been reperted and briefly discussed, and all without raising a perceptible ripple upon the surface of the dead sea of the House. It bad settled down into the monotovous and drowsy routine of an unlimited session, when the reading of the President’s message ‘“‘waked up’ the sleepy mem- bers of the body quite as effectually as the apparition of Oliver Cromwell waked up the ‘‘Long Parliament” of some two hundred years ago. Had this bombshell been expected the galleries of the Houre would have been refilled with the multitudes which attended the exciting contest for the Speaker; but this message was a surprise. The people had expected nothing of the kind, and thus the aitendance in the galleries was limited to the few bundreds drawn in by the ordinary pro- ceedings of the body. ‘The reading of the message was listened to with pro- found attention, although, from occasional derisive out- bursts of laughter from the republican side, they affected to regard it with something like contempt. The excited and exciting discussion which followed is but the prelude to that which is to come. The issue neighborhood of the White House, Should the report Proveto be true, then “war will exist by the act of Mexioo,”’ or rather by the act of Miramon; and, with the Consent of Juarez, our President will be fully authorized to march a body of troops.to the city of Mexico, as for the Punishment of a band of outlaws. If President Pierce could be justified in destroying the village of Greytown, Decauee of an insult by some one of its rabble population to our Minister Borland, how much more will these out- reges of the veurpirg Miramon authoritics of Mexico jus- tify the movemect of s boty of ten thousand United States troops into the Mexican capital at this time, and without etanding upon further ceremony. and it is° quite possible that General Scott may be called into active service sgain before mavy months are over. ‘The Nicaragua treaty will bardly be ratified, The grand idea of Eli Thayer and Francis P. Blair, of making Nicaragua and the Central American States a place of refuge for the free negroes of these United States, has become almost a fixed principle of the republican pseudo party. They have two greatebjects in view in this thing—Arst, a practical plan of negro philan. thropy congistent with the unconquerable prejudices of our white population of the free as well as the slave States; and secondly, a free negro bulwark aga! General Walk- er’s programme of a great Southern Slavebolding Con- ederacy, swetching from the Chesapeake to and ‘based upon military principles.” Hence this republican project of Africaniziog Central America will, witaout doubt, become a plank of tho republican Chicago plat- form. ‘The project of a Pacific railroad has assumed the shape of a great practical question in both houses, and a great elecuoneering measure. But between the various plansand the three routes proposed, the enterprise will fall through this session, it is feared. The special committee of the Houre have substantially decided in favor of the Central route, which will pass through, or withio striking distanoe of the Pike’s Peak gold mines, and the mewly discovered and mert astonnding mineral resources on the Western side of Utah Poa A The majority of the House will also support this route. ‘On the olher hand, the favorite route of the Senate ig the Southern or Gadsden country rout>—the shortest route by several hundred miles, and a route which, turning the great mountain chains which rise to the north- ward, presents comparatively a dead level all the way through, and » route which, in passing through Arizona, Will, it is believed, develope the richest mineral resources. of the globe, and araw to the road an immense trafic from the Mexican States. Of curse the road by this route would be most advan- tageous to the South; but its eastern terminus would be the same as that of any other route—the sity of New York. A bill will probably be passed by each house, and it is possible that then some compromige may be hit upon; but the seesion is wearing away ime, and the chances are against any definitive action on ject, and the lobby will then bave to wait a little len; On Sumday night last an atlaché of the Naw Yorx Henatp bere was applied to by a benevelent family of Washington to know t could be done in the fellowing caze:—A slave woman, the mother of ele children, had just been bought by a dealer in the New Orleans market. for $800, and was, within a week, to be shipped off, leaving behind her husband—the pro. | perty of another mastereand her children. The perton thus applied to suggested that this afforded & good case for trying the philanthropy of the ropabil caps. They could raise the money if they weuld, aad redeem the woman. The hint was adopted, and ‘‘Sam,”’ avery likely fellow, was set to work. The result is the complete succers of the scheme. purchase money hae been raised, W. H. Seward subscribing fifty dollars, J. W. Forney fift , and other republicans and some demo- raised by the President is one of the highest moment. All Parties feel it to be 20. All admit it, and all recognise it ‘as calling for the profoundest consideration and the ex- ercite of the greatest constitutional abilities. We have no doubt that the Judiciary Committee (opposition majority to which the subject has been referrea (Hickman need man), will make an early report, protesting against this protest of the President, ahd then we shall have a which will live in history as one of the most remariWle in the annals of this government. Mr. Secretary Cobb’s withdrawal from the list of as- pirants for the Charleeton nomination gives rise to much ®peculation here among the politicians of all parties. Some say that Mr. Cobb discovered that he has no chance; some that, having taken his position as Secretary of the Treasury in opposition to the views of the President on the tariff question, Mr. Cobb has discovered that his own nomipation would be the abandonment of Peunsyi- vania, New Jersey, and all the menufacturing States in advance, and that, consequently, he retires gracefuli from the field. But the truth is that, while . Codi considers the Convention a very doubtful lottery, he does not desire his pame to stand in the way of the union of ‘the Georgia democracy, and of the party throughout the South. In 1861 Mr. Cobb was elected as the Union party candidate of Georgia for Governor, in opposition to the Southern rights democracy, and they remember it. In 1862 they were recognized ag the legitimate democratic party of the State th the Baltimore Convention, against the clatma of the Cobb democracy; but the latier were graciously recognized as id democrats, nevertheless, acd thus the reunion of Georgia democracy was se- cured. Frem that day to this, however, the Southern rights wing of the party in Georgia have never Some to a Snal settlement with Mr. Cobb, ani 6) we may consider his withdrawal from the Presidential list aself-sacrificing act, for the sake of democratic eee in Georgia. ‘the example of Mr. Cobb will be followed ia the Con- vention by every other Southern Presidental candidate, the moment he is convinced that he is not the man for the crisis, or that he stands in the way of the harmony of the party. n del , even the extremest of the fire eaters, have laid aside, for the time, all their digunion and Southern Confederacy notions, and are re- foWed upon Bghting this approaching battle of the Prest- dency for Southern rights within the Union, before enter- ing rar any deliberate movement for those rights with- out the Union. Hence the abandonment by the leaders in Congress of the Southern rights democracy of the as Tecatlou of Southern rights, crigislly: propoed. to be ques mn ts, origins held in advance of the Prhaldontat election by Goveraor Letoher, of Virginia. Briefly, the South will make all reasonable sacrifices to ‘unite the democracy at Charleston, except the nomination of Mr. Douglas. Upon that aoa they are prepared to risk, if neceseary, not only the defeat, but the dissolution of the democracy, ‘Wasmxcrox, March 80, 1860. The President's Protest—The Republicans—The Demo- cracy and their Responses concerning said Prolet— The Homesiead and Tariff Protection Schemes ef the Republicans for Political Capital—The Poticy of th¢ Democratic Party, not the Pennsylania Balance of Power, but New York or the Great West, Bc. § The republicans of Congress profess to be very much tickled with the indignant and justifiable protest put in yesterday against the proceedings of the House, in the matter of Mr. Gevede’s special investigating committee of five. Thus, the attentive visiters among the republican members at the Capitol, may hear such exclamations as these:—“Oh ! it was aldesperate effort of the old gentloman to raise a cloud of dust over the revelations of Haskin’s committee on the printing.” ‘Old Buck wants to play the réle of Gen. Jackson; but Old Hickory’s boots are too large.” “ Well, if he hadn’t gone to crying about it, he Would have done better. He pleads extenuating circum- stances.” ‘Federalism! Why, Old Buck would have us Know that he is every inch a king.” “ And the Douglas men are laughing in their sleeves.” ‘ Wait till Hickman reports the case back from the Judiciary Committee. He will make the fur fly from the back of Majesty Ki: | James the Farah ca a Such exclamations ag these from the republicans will crate in sums renting, from twenty-five to five doliars, filled up the req . The woman will thus be re- stored to her husband, and the republicazs of Congreas concerned will have at least the credi: in thie thing of doing something better than their usual ithropis dodge of the underground railroad. Wasmncroy, April 1, 1860. The Presidential Race—Attempt of the Statesand Union to Identify Popular Statesmen in the “ Populxt Sovereignty” Quagmire—Douglas and His Plaiform—His Chances at Oharleston—‘Strikers”’ at Work—Furrest- Letter Forney— His Avaricious Propensities, dic., dic. Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, upon the principle, perhaps, that “‘ misery loves company,” has witbin the past fort- | dishonest Yiesouri, to limit the line of the route w, fourth and forty-third parallels of v7 ejected by & vote of three yeas to el! solution offered by Mr. Kellogg, of Fe commence the line in Kansas, on the wee fouri, and termimate at the nearest na on the eastern border of Califorma, w & vote of two to twelve. The proposition California, t» start on the western bordeN o/ or Arkansas, and terminate on the east California, but not fixing the exact line of negatived by four toten. Mr. Blair, of offered a resolution confining the corporat tors to the use of American iron, wylich w, adopted. Mr. Curtis, the Chairmay, offere, resolution, which was adopted: — | Resolved, That the road shat! sfart one on the western border of the State 0! the ener Cay Rigas herder of at verging lines bearing westward, and ubit! Tondred miles of the Musourl river, and i] ing by a single trunk iine, vy te it © the Bay of San Francisco, or to Df of the Sacramento, in the State of Califor The Chairman was instructed to report | asia of this reegution, which he has ne: ‘The bill and a report accompanyivg it wi at an adjourned meeting on Taylor will make a mivorit; Polygamy has abeorbed attention of | eeries of spevches, all of which bave been the unfortunate Mormons away off in Utah. tem is organized under another pame, isi of the Capitol. The Committee on Pub! will soon investigate the subject of, the public moneys in Utah. Judge Crade'y/ already subpoenaed. Surveyor E B Hart, of New York, + fome days since to appear be‘ore the Govo Committee, but they learn to-day that ' Europe. Augustus Sobell and Butterwor fore the committee to-day. The former pi in writing giving reasons why he would n tions relative to the subscribers to the U for carrying the election in ssked him hate to that he would furnish a list of the subs: be did. In answer to a question from tt said that after co agreeing, aud previous furnish the names, he had an interview wit Mr. Butterworth testified that he sent mon district to defeat his election. Polygamy crowded Kaneas from her st: will be the next subject in order when th: is out of the way. gamy will pre to-morrow in debate and be voted upoa o1 ‘The House Homestead bill was up ia th as reported from the Committee on Pu Senate bill being recommenced as a sbi Wilkingon repudiated the Senate bili as Measure, and supported the thorough and able speech. The result of the Connecticut election ticlans here to look about for new candi failure to carry Connecticut Jays bim « Charleston. Some of the most prominer cians who have been driving separate lead of Hunter, Breckinridge, Davie,Gutht theory that the big grea elated cut, Will later at sylvania democrats favor the their present candidate tor Governor. | the republicans have hada notice serve the Indiana, New Jersey and Pennsylva:) Chicago are not only to Seward’s ublican es from Con opposed tobim. Itseemsto be seule men, will control the Chicsgo Cony ‘among the republicans, that success in G, of the desperate opposition they have. / | Produce an impolitic nomination at Cate ve produced a check upon S:wardism ir are eatisfied that without Pennsylvania Jereey and Illinois, they caunot-go into t) Among the most prominent ‘epubjican talked of are Bates, Wade and Cameroa. News from Kansas indicates that the over the Senatorship in that Territory, be Robinson and General Lane, is likely to e1 night been trying todo wonders. The Statesand Unton has publiehed a series of elaborate editorial articles, serl- ously attempting to show and to proye that such men ag Joseph Lane, Daniel S. Dickinson, Howell Cobb, John C, Breckinridge, ef al. , are of Douglas’ way of opinion touch- ing the quettio vezala of popular, or, as the more elegant in phraseology have it, ‘squatter’ sovereignty. Nor is it to be denied that a forced and strained construction of speeches, letters, &o., enunciated and written by gentle- men in the interest of Douglas, in years past and gone, Would seem to give some color, at least, to the apparently sincere and carnest attempt of bfs friends. Years ago, Mr. Dickinson did repegedly address himself to this gubject of popularity, but it may safely be as- sumed and asserted that he never entertained the idea that the inhabitants or people of any dependency of the federal government hed the same and equal status and rights, politically, with the inhabitants or people of a sovereign State. Nor did either Mr. Dickinson, Governor Cobb, General Lane or Mr. Breckinridge at any time pro- pound the doctrine, or entertain the opinion, that any mumber of men, from a hundred to limited thousands, could “‘squat’”’ upon the eminent domain of the ‘“‘people of thé United States,”’ and ‘regulate their local and domes- tic affairs in their own way,’”’ in contravention of the plain provisions of the constitution and the laws. In all the extracts which are given from the speeches of each of the enforced witnesses put upon the political stand by the next friend of Senator Douglas, it will be observed ‘that distinct and positive recognition is made of the con- stitution. It is contended and believed now, if not atany time heretofore, that a hundred, a thousand, or any num- ber of inhabitants or people short of that number, which would be sufficient to entitle them to form a State and to one representative in Con- grees, have. xot the “sovereignty,” in their dependent and inchoate condition, under the constitation and the laws, to ‘regulate their affairs in their own way,’ It 18, moreover, contended.by every constitutional and national statesman who is known, that the act of forming a wry State oe fies constitution republican in form’? and eul ¥ ne wer and authorit: to the people to domoatio of Btate’ affaia in thoy _ Laie prior sgh! tata accordance with the federal ‘constitution the vprem, jount, fundamental law for the people of the Unitd And this word ‘ le,” in a Territory, involves the necessary element of numbers. But the States ana Union bas ot pale oy ety ee amoung of aid and comfort from its motion to make Dickingon, Cobb and Breckinridge coincident and identical With Douglas in his construction of the rights of the peo- ple, more or less, of any federal appendage or Territory. So far as is known, the four gentlemen named repudiate im too the construction esmsayed by the Slates and Union their speeches, writings, &c., «in reference to ? of las’ ft sovereignty. The difference Py then ee in ‘avor of the exercise of any rights or priv: indicate their estimates and their purposes in this matter. On the democratic side, however, there is a resolute disposition: to sustain the President, whieh reminds us very much of the spirit of the party in support of Andrew Jackson, when the old man sent in his pes to the Senate, against their resolutions deciar- ing his conduct in reference to “the removal of the de- posits.’’ to be in derogation of the Constitution of the Unit- ed States.”’ That protest, after a violent and protracted struggle, resulted in the of the “ex; \g reao- Tation ;” and if Mr. Bucbanan were now in the first, in- | atead of the last year of his administration, -he would be competent upon this protest of his to bi about before the expiration of his term, a satisfactory jadgment from the House against these Star Chamber preseedings of Mr. Covode’s committee. Asitis, the issue will be carried from this the American people ; and the ere “ Old Buck”? in refasing to be treated as a mers of the House of Representatives, will muster in his &® more formidable host than that which made him President. The republicans have two other measures, however, upon which they expect to make some capital among the manufacturing and ‘‘ laber States” of the North. "Those measures are the free Homestead bill anda new protective tariff bill. ‘The Homestead bill has passed the House, but will stick in the Senate, or will be knocked in the head by ‘an Executive veto. A protective tariff bill has been - pared oe . consideration of the House, and the Pennsylvanians are Toho whole And it is upon this issue of the tariff that the Charles- fon Convention will be compelled to look to New York or the Northwest, and not to Pennsylvania and New Jersey, for their Northern balance of power. Thus, some snoh man as Hunter in reference to New Youk, or some such man as Breckinridge,or Lane, or Andrew Johnson of ‘Tennessee, in reference to the West. Mr. Guthrie is sup- ote be popular among the iron menof Pennsylvania, of his py, of an extensive use of American tron in the government buildings of all kinds, ‘and government vessels; but the protection of American industry, as comprehended in a high tariff, or ag recom- mended in the specific duties of Mr. Buchanan, is the thing for Pennsylvania. But . this is. the thivg which the Charleston Convention can- not be brought to sanction, and ao the democracy must rovide @ way of succees through New York or the Weat. conservative opposition ce of in New York still stands aloof from the republican party—the opposition balance of power in Pennsylvania bas substan. Ually fused with the republiean party under the engineer. ing of Gen. Cameron; and a new tariff bill is the Weed which the republicans are to pay for it. The Sout free trade cemocrasy, who control the demooratic party, will, therefore, do better to consult the free trade com. mercial sentiment of New York and the Great West, than the manufacturing protective tariff sentiment of Pennsy)- vania, New Jersey and New England. BEE Wasmmctoy,*March 31, 1860. The Mexican Question—The Nicaragua Question—The Pa- cians; and to carry New York against Seward we find that Mr. Hunter, Mr. Breckinridge, Mr. Dickinsoa, and Horatio Seymour baveeach their advocates. ‘The New York Regency delegation, however, have very Hittle to nay On the subject. They, looking to their own safety in the Convention, are at the service of the South, cific Railroad—An Interesting Stave Case—The Connecti- teed under the constitution and the laws, while he appa- rently favors the demagoguical exercise any how and in “Douglas igias and his strikers are as busy as “bees ins tar. bucket;”” albeit they have little more chance for him than bas a cat in a very hot place without claws. Both Dou- glas and Guthrie have trusty “‘strikers” and agents who take their ‘‘meals” at one of. the hotels here. Every man who makes his appearance here is forthwith “struck.” But sometimes a “lick back” is given which sits unevenly uy, &@ weak digestive apparatus. | oe what I have heard and seen since I left Virginia, yugias will not get a Southern vote in the convention. be eed ety all over oF ‘ae copere they will a aes even shou! get nomination. The Douglas men think that Douglas’ friends will break up the convention in a row if they find they cannot force their pet upon the South; but the Southern ale that the Union ‘are prepared for this, and are willing should lide rather than take aceon and sear! crone very naturally Sede jan who can ol @ support and advocacy of #1 ry as J. Watson Webb, John W. of that class, whose first choice for H. Seward. Those political parasites and in” for the man in whose wake may be found Re ae Mn! pecuanry. spoil. and 3 ey are of who “crook the pregnant hinges of the knee bat trite may follow fawning,” e case of Forney, it is generally understood that neither Douglas nor is more texpoexiiie workers here, such as Heiss, Harris posed to “ewear by hit the law allows. vineyard do not hesitate to when alluding to Forney. eminent reagon to der no possible body this adopted. If, then, as his interest, the Van Buren system sued, nous verrons. by some of those in 1848 is to be pur- —_- Wasnixcton, April 3, 1860, ‘The House Committee and the Pactfic Ratlroad— Adoption (f @ Resolution Favoring the Use of American Irom in the Construction of the Road—The Western Border of Mis- souri and Iowa Med upon as Starting Points— Polygamy ‘in the House—The Covode Commitice—Schell and Butterworth Before the Oommittee—®he Conmectiout El tion—Dickinson Stock Looking Up—Poor Prospects Sor Seward, de. The House Select Pacific Railroad Committee met, ac- cording to adjournment, this evening. All the members were present. Agreeable to a vote of the last meeting, no debate was had, but the committee proceeded to vote. ‘The firet proposition was that offered by Mr, Phelps, of } ‘way or the other. It chief ws Out of ( 86n’s testimon’ ‘before the Senate Brown wherein he reflected severely upon Lane in the Brown revolution in Kansas. Rc nounced Lane as @ coward, and isa bri Tepeatedly faced a shower of bullets wi. Wasmxcran, The Connecticut Etection—he Effect of the } ‘The results of the Connecticut election : the republicans as settling the question of | the North for their party in November. W. H. Seward hold that this prelimini makes the assurance of his nomination ¢ that his course is cleer before him. T John Brown, Helper, the “irrepressible c | of Southern trade, and the shoemakere” chusetts, have failed to revolutionize dng tervative of all the Northern States, and » dependant upon Southern consumption, battle is. decided in advance. They say ‘with this pressure in Connecticut, resulti of Southern trade, the democracy, with ‘appliances of money, have failed to mak against the republicans, have we not th of the solidity, the unity and resolute republican party to win this Presidential « Such are the views of the republican ~ gress. Last night they were at first a. and there was considerable fluttering i the first reports at the hotels of large der | Hartford and other places; but by el | ‘Srrepressibles,”’ with heads up, and wi sions to W, H. Seward as “the coming 7, tables upon the forlorn democracy, and rc late upon the grand division next spring one hundred millions a year. On the democratic side this morning appear to be much disappointment, * expected it. Connecticut is joined to her do without her. ‘The result there shor , have little to expect from the manufac New Jersey or Pennsylvania. Wo mu:| ‘York or the Northwest. We may save N: Seward; but our last hope is the N if spies see tit E from the Northern republican ‘States, gonviction, the great body of the Soutne Frond ve fear of th Cn the firet ballot it is estimated that th Dear if not quite two-thirds of the Conver Douglas, to wit:— The tolid vote of the South. California and Oregon. New York.