The New York Herald Newspaper, March 17, 1860, Page 2

2 IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. | ARRIVAL OF THE ASIA "AT THIS PORT. ~~ News to the Afternoon of Satur- day, March ‘3, OPENING OF THE ‘/RENCH CHAMBERS, Our Correspondents’ Description of the Scene and Ceremony. HMPORTANT SPEECH OF MNAPOLEON. ANNEXATION OF SAVOY. Wpposition to the Measure in the British Parliament. Neeessity of a Congress to Revise the Treaties of 1815, 1856 and 189% INTERESTING FROM AFRICA. ANOTHER COTTON REGION FISCOVERED. @ar London, Paris, Berlin and Copenha- gen Correspondence, Rony he. Reey ‘The Cunard mail steamship Agia, Capt. Lott, which ‘wailed from Liverpool at four o’clodk on the afternoon of the 3d inst., arrived here at half-past seven e’clock yes- terday morning. ‘The City of Washington reached Liverpool at about noon en the Ist inst. ‘The despatches from Italy show that the governments ‘of the free States of the Peninsula are meeting their dif- ‘culties with spirt and patriotism. Cavour, Farini, Rica- @oli, refuse to.permit the most sacred rights of their ‘ewantry to be the plaything of courts, and throw them- @ebves resolutely on the people. Italy camnot live sus- pended between life and death, nor can Europe endure to Ihave questions of the first magnitude kept open for the @emvenience of speculative potentates. ‘The announcement of a treaty between Ressia and Av ‘Orla is not without foundation; it is asserted that Austria, e@kthough not bound by such a treaty, will ne louger op. (pose the Russian policy in Turkey. In consequence of the establishment of a telegraphic wcemmunicaticn between Alexandria and India, pews from @ndia will now reach England in six days. The news from China and Australia will not be accelerated until India is connected by telegraph with Ceylon, when intelli- gence from Hong Kong will reach England in twelve days, and from Melbourne in twenty-five days. There are about 140 telegraph stations in India—at Caicutta, Bom- bay, Madras, Delhi, Lucknow, Agra, Meerut, and all the principal cities and towns in Hindostan. The Courrier de ta Gironde says:— One of the firet bills which will be presented t> the Le- glative body will be that relative to the great lines of Aransatlantic packets. As we havo already said, the new ‘company which will have the concession of the ine is fully and tions of legality organized; it has faltilled all the condi. e cahier des charges, ‘tion of tho Legislative body and the Senate to commence operations. , avd only walte for the saac- The Liverpool Post of the 3 inet says¥p Last oar a number of the Liverpool pilots took ad- vantage of the presence of an American pilot, Mr Hop- kins of New York, who bad been brought over in the royal mail steainship Asia; to pay him a compliment, a3 an evidence of the good feeling that ¢: d between the on both sides of the Atiantic. ey entertained to an excelisct supper at the house of Mrs. ht man, the New. Brunswick Hotel, Clayton syuare. Mr. ‘Marin presided, and after justice bad been done to the eatables, the remainder of the evening was dovoted to toasts, songs and sentiments. The moat cordial good feal- jaa expreesed for their American brethren; and, in po Mr. Eas aasured — |e yagg bcm = had experienced since putting foot on the shore of old Evgiand would be heartily reciprocated by Brother ‘Jeoathan. ‘The same psper gives the following paragraph:— ain Judkins, the commander on the largest and most beautiful steamer on the waters, being in Paris last ‘week, vent in his card to the Emoeror. The Emperor at ence desired to eee him, and on. his antering his private epertment in the Tuileries received bim warmly, shook by the hand, and kindly ioquired after his health. His majesty bad formerly been a passenger in the Cam: \ptain Judkins was commander, and hence this friendly reeognition. Next day being Sunday the Emperor desired that the captain and Miss Judking woula ‘viait the private chapel in tho palace. They did 20, and Emperor and Empress as thoy ‘Were recognized by the yaseed. Our London Correspondence. Lospox, March 2, 1860. Bnglish Views of the French Emperor's Speecch—The Pro- posed Annexation of Parma and Medena to Sardinia—Pro- test of Irish Catholics Against the Encroachments of Papal Power Upon the Literty of the Raliant—lalian Potitics— The Anglo-French Commercial Treaty—The Chancellor's Budget—Imyorts Versus Exports of Gold and Silver Bullion During a Period of Seven Years, dc. ‘When Macaulay asked Harriet Beecher Stowe which one ‘of Shakspere’s female characters she thought most of) ‘she replied, “ Desdemona.” ‘Oh, yes,” said the witty Bistorian, ‘‘ because she was the only one that ever ran ‘after a black man.” Now, the point’ in Louis Napoleon’s gwpeech to his Legislature that he evidently Chought most @f was tho passage where he decreed that Savoy and Nico were to be reannexed to France. ‘What is the usc of going to war, and win wing battles, without coming home with some rich gpoils,tome illustrious prisoners to add splendor to the pageant and éclat to the procession of triumphal chariote? Napoleon is disappointing his friends. He has takena ftarn back in bis policy of liberating Italy. I fear, after all, ‘when the “nephew of my uncle” passes away, he will preress ip history more the name of a cunning intriguer | rather than of a moparch of great genius and broad, @tatesmanlike views. Tuscany is not to be annexed to Sardinia, and the Pope is to have a cuzerainty over the Romagna. The latter may, and probably wil! be, a bar- Fen sceptre, if sceptro it can be called, to his Holiness. Parms and Modena are to have the privilege of annexa- fon to Piedmont (Serdinis). This halfway measare is | ‘very unfortunate. I fear it will not work well. As the euthor of an able pamphiot—“ Central Italy, and Diplo- | matic Interference’’—says, ‘it is useless to quarrel with the inexorable logic of facts. Either the professed desire Yo promote an Italian nationality must be at once given ‘wp, and the lie by which an unhappy people have been Getuded stand at once confessed in the face of te earth aad heaves, or great diplomatists and august emperors ‘aust permit themselves to see that it is only by allowlag he monarchy of Piedmont to strengthen and expand, in moverdance with the earnest wishes of the people of Cen- | ‘twal Italy, and it might be added of al! Italy, that @ strong | ‘and expansive Italian nationality is possible. In any other respect it is the morest chimera. But the vast temporal power of the Pope and the eccie- siastics of Central Furepe has gone. Hear what one of the @evoted sons of the church, Michael Joseph Barry, Esq., Darrister at law, of Dublin, records. Ho protests, in the mame of the enlightened @atholics of Europe, against the of ecclesiastical power on the liberties of the Ttalians, and ‘virtual i. wieher of the Chi can sustain the tempo- | ra) er of the He writes two most able , and they are I am simpl to quote fron his page 32-4—the pu a Be what the ultra- party called the “wild excesses” of those who seized the reins of power in the Romagna, when they @ropped from the htened and effete haads of ‘the minicns of the k. xy shed not one drop of blood, “‘pot.a single haman being was ravished, and not oe act of ven was commited.’’ Evom the Papal allocution caly that they “banished some priest, and throw others in prison.”* “revolt” was ‘taationsi” ia the test Sense, comprixing the wealth, of disrioth which have bet desorib2d (in ta 1831) as rick in and conservative element.” Hers is rebela did, after the 12th of June last. At that date’ it will be rememberod “the Austrincs evacuated tho Legations; at noo ‘the same day, the Papal Legate left, Tepaired motto ome, bat So Pade. He very wisely followed his Aus Avian friends. The municipalitice of Forli, Faenza, Imola, Ferrara, and Bologna, immediately declared their to the national cause—tae national ‘lag was hoisted — | with him to St. Petersburg the treaty between the two NEW YORK HERALD, SATU%DAY, MARCH 17, 1860.—TRIPLE SHEET. And these were their actse—and what a frightful form of government they must have had previously to have re- | quired acts like these. | ‘The organization of an } ot fr of a suc- The abolition of prohibitory customs duties, and adop- tion of the Sardinian tariff. ‘The election, in due form, of a Parliament dred and twenty tour members, What ‘wild excesses” these were, indee’.! Some called the Parliament “the scum of the lr.tion;”” but M. Edouard Texter, the correspondent of the Siicle, who was at assembiing of this ‘liament, oF, the Ist of Sey last, describes its composition as follows:— “Tt comprises two princes, seven marquise? , thirty counts, three vallers, twenty.seven physicians, seventeen lawyers, twelve professors and three military men.” Here are 101, The other twenty-three, are ‘‘merchanta ‘and landed proprietors.”” A curious c'owd to be called the scum or dregsofa people! If this is the correct ame for them, what must the srifwocracy have been? Priests, ably, and titled eccloss stica! ruffiang of the Antmnelll oreer. M. Edmund Abeat, said. the wily Cardi- po hd son of one of the most ing of ove hun- once more. | find that predictic ; complished, even sooper Ti fe: ie Shoat beng oo ‘Will youhilow me, en passan’, 45 Stain Rne truth as ree yards ing Chronicle ofiondon. Savoral Roglish as well a6 the, ©, of yout mporaries have t0- Barty of the Emperor ‘y, om pe hey I Eas rate on postive 4 bg ©. ah Thy nw geen iverpool merchant, who in- feats tab his fourasy ye ake, tacrelf edvocuttog the alliance between France and England, be causa ft believes that alliance to be necessary W progross an% civilization, ‘Many of the English journalé and most of the Paris cor- respondents of american journals seem to ba persaaded that one connot 3 Well of France and her yoverumeut, or advopate the ‘and English alliance, unless paid for dog 20. This is a vulgar error and prejudice that should be leid aside, for good sense und reason are agninst ils further continuance, I will not attempt any surmises at preeent es regards political matters, for tetnorrow & pew light may be thrown upon effairs by the discourse of the Emperor. I will, however, reiate to you the troubles that overwhelm the Cayeur Minwtry. A few Haye since, whtle Victor Emenue! was at Mien, where is sjeety was enthusiastically received by the people, ho bad a ttormy interview with M. do Cavear, The King reproached bis Minister with baving decerved him as to his capability of bringing about at once the annexstioa of the Duchies. M. de Cavour asked the King to telegraph highwaymen amt banditti that Infested the environs of Rome. I have gone more into these mattersthan should, wevorder to re the American public thé prominent facts of this bloodicas revolution, so thet the platform orators and others at sympathi can have fkome “su detantis: data to go upon in thelr sympathy; and here they can ece that their sympathy is not thrown away. The best friecds of Louis Napoleon and of Italy are certainly ee compat this back track that tne egg Emperor has taken, good may come ont of it, The commercial reform in has , and commenced, onthe whole the measures of the’ Emperor in bis treaty wih England bave been well red It will be observed that the Chancellor of the Exchequer ie having quite a triumphal march of it with his budget; and how splendidly Afr, Punch aits it off:—Mr, Jona Bull, 3 avery respectable gentleman, has arrived ata sta- ‘tion, and, of course, wants some one to carry his carpet bag or “budget.” A nice i ‘well dressed lad grasps it in bis arms, and is going off delighted with his mission— of course, he bas the exact face of the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone—when a miserable, repent dirty lookiog “cove,” with curly hair (Disraeli to the life) aad a ehock- ipg bad bat, touches what is gupposed to be the brim of it, and looks up inquirtogly. “No, no,” says Mr. Bull, « tried you once, and I will never have you again.” Poor spiffticated Dizzy. But bis turn will come. The Fimes has sent a man round to canvase the liberal members and get votes to oppose the repeal of the paper duty. Thatis no go. You cannot conveniently drag a livecat by the tail, or make Niagara run up stream. ,. ih of ant (ny off, o, nose oe ee will be fairly out and, mari word, joe goce aon again. "If that goes SOWA io eurte ae the other high priced papers to two pence, the circulation will be Jarger, and the next thing we shall see will be a half- penny paper. 1 gee you give, ina late Herat, the statistics of the Passengers and trips across the ocean by steamers of dif- ferent nations, in which tho Americans figure very badly. From nine out of thirteen steamers they have come down to five out of forty-six, while the transatlantic passengers by steam have increased from seven to thirty-three per cent. Let me give you one or two more facts to go with those:—During seven years—1851 to 1858, inclusive, omitting 1857, the records of which I have not —— excess of imports of aad silver ullion and specie ovér exports here was from two to nine millions sterling annually, an aggregate of 244,192,009 ($221,006,000) more brought into ‘the country in seven years than was carried out. Of course some allowance may be made for the cash taken outof England in the pockets of travellers that does not figure in the Custom House returns. This, however, is no doubt balanced by the amount brought in by travel- lers. Berdes this average of six or seven millions ster-* jing @nnually in the accumulation of gold, there are some twenty to thirty millions sterling difference in the exports and imports—the latter being the largest. From this some ad lum politicians will argue that the “balance'of trade” is against the country. Certainly not eo. It the balance of trade were againet the country then the balazce would bave to be mace up by payments of specie, and a8 we have seen, the specie comes in faster than it goes out, as the Custom House reports show. Aa to the imports being larger than the exports, the diffe- rence show the profits made. The value—real value,” not official value’’—of exports ia estimated before leay- ing the country, without reckoniug freight, insurance, commission and profits. The value of the imports is reckoned on their arrival, with these values added. If | any of your shallower etatesmen imagine Iam alons, or flaitering myself that J am at all original in my ideas in this, let them read the Londop Economist—sbout the | aplest paper printed in the Eog!ish language—aud parti. cularly the number for Jan 16, 1869. | | Our Paris Correspondence. Parw, Feb. 29, 1860. 4 New Treaty Between Russia and Austria— Dismay Among Speculators—French Papers Requested to Deny the Rumor of a Russo Austrian Treaty—he King of Sardinia Ee- Gited—The Political Affairs of Turkey—The Ownership of the London Ohronicle—Tthe Difficulties of the Cavmur Ministry— Spicy Interview Badween King Vitor Emanuel and Count Oavour—The Latter Reproved—Sardinizn Paiitics—Apathy of Victor Emanuel in Lalian Affairs~ Armezation of Savoy to France—Ceremmial Opening of the French Legislative Chambers by the Empzror-—Grana Coup d’Ocil, dec., de. ‘The most important event of the week has been the an- nouncement by the Morning Chronicle, of Lon ion, of treaty that was about to be signed between Russia and Austria. The following is the statement made by the Chrontcle:— Intelligence just received from a sure source at Vienna | is to the following effect:— No doubt whatever now remains of the fact that Russia | has decided on renewing her old alliance wiih Austria, under the provitions of a treaty prepared by M. de Bala- bine and Count Rechberg. This treaty is on the eve of being signed, and will be carried to St. Petersburg by Prince Alexander of Hes The news of the Prisca hav- ing quitted Vienna for the Russian capital may, whenever it arrives, be taken as a signal that the document has ro- ceived the necessary algcatures. We bave excelient rea- sons for believing that its provisions will be found to bo as follows:— 1. The most ample concessions as to all that regards the Holy Places at Jerusalem will be made byf austria to Rus- sia. 2. With a view to eventualities that have every proba- Dility of being realized, Austria agrees to coniurm her Ney to that of Russia as to the Danubian provinces and via. 8. In compensation for theas concessions in tho Eastand on the Danube, Russia wilt ho © Austria the whole of her territory, including Hangary and Venetia, against insurrection and foreign fves. ‘The intelligence caused great diemay among the apeca- lators here, while in London the effect wae a fall of tho congo's. As yetno official denial has been made to the London Chronicle's statement, and from aivices received by me fromasure source I can state that there really was foundation for the announcement, Russia and Austria were certainly concocting such atreaty. It will no doubt reault from the timely announcement of the design that both Russia and Austria mil be forced to. resign all idea of carrying out such a combination. With | the yttention of Europe now fixed upon them, they will not be enabled to mature their plang, and the conspiracy against the peace of Europe will be sipped in the bud. | It was expected here that the official journals would deny the truth of the rumor, but as yet they have not done so, and the feeble attempts at denial of tho Russian organs, the ord and the Independance Brlgz, but confirm the truth of the statement as made by the Eng'ish journal. We willhave some light thrown upon alfairs soon, The Emperor Napoleon is to address the Corps Legislatif to-morrow, and thea we shall know how stand the relations between France and Austriy. Since commencing this letter I have received from a source that is undoubted the following confirmation of the news given by the Chronicle as regards Austria and Rus- ‘sla:—The Prince of Hesse bas quitted Vienna, and takes governments, only it is modified as regards Italy. Rossin will not interfere there, as she wishes to remain on good terms with France; but in Hungary, and as regards the question of the Danube, she will | ald Austria’a views and policy, It is ovid ‘that the timely discovery of this treaty by the corres. } pondent of the Chvonicle caused the modification that I | name above. A queer thing has occurred here. The is papers, all excepting tho official organa—tha Moni. Er and ihe Consituticnncle-publish thin eveulag a ort of communiqué cenying the truth of the statement made by the English journal. Now these comm és could only come from the Minister of Forcigu Affairs or of tne [a- terior, and surely, in this instance, a denial should come from other quarters. The fact is, the statement tosk even the French Tinisters by surprise, and they imstrucied she | smaller and most unimportant journals to deny that which | they cid not dare deny in the official organ. An editor of | one of the journals containiwg the communiqué stated 0 a | friend of mine—'« Iput in the denial because itcomes from | pars | Sa amareees Wa tnpert ofabe treaty | ” Buch an alliance, but six months time will prove to the to M. de Ratazzi, who was at Nice, to come to Milan; and when the latter had arrived, M. d¢ Cavour begged him to ‘take the Portfolio of the Interior. M. de Ratazzi refused to do 89 even at the urgent request of the King; aud thus ; M. de Cavour i# as far from getting oxt of his trouble 2s before. He succeeded in dcing one thing: in bringing upon himself the dissatisfaction of the French govern- ment, and in causing a coolpess am regards the hitherto evergetic ald rendered to King Victor Emanuel by the Emperor Napoleon Ido not mean that hie Majesty gives up the cavee of Jialy, but he feels lees inclined to render to Sardinia that moral aesistance that sho has received at bie bance up to the present time. T am asgured that the Emperor will revert to these affairs in his discourse to- morrow, ed that he will canee it to be kcown that France. will not allow Piedmont to annex the Duchies un- Jets phe grants to France ber natural boundaries. Savoy and Nice are constantly sending deputations to Paris makiug known to the Emperor that the peopie de- fire ardentiy to be annexed to France. Maken 1, 1860. As carly ae tin o'clock a great crowd was formed upon the Place du Carousel. Hundreds of sergents de ville and mounted gendarmes kept back tho impatient martes as they preseed forward to glance into each carriage that passed hestily along. At one 0’c! bis Majeety the Emperor Nepoleon was to open the Le- gislative Chambers, and ambassadors, chargés and the élite of Paris rociety were to witness tho grand and im- posing ceremonial. The cards issued to the favored few bore upon them the notice that all persons must arrive at twelve o'clock at latest; hence the early movement to- wards the salle d’état, 1 entered this grand and imposing hall at half-past twelve and was struck with the brilliancy of the np heen Senators, ee councillors, mar- ebals of France, general, and the gorgeously -attired officers of both the imperial housholds were crowded into the glittering and gtided and fresooed: salle, Inthe gal- Jeriea that run entirely around the hall were crowded |a- dies in all the éclat of a Paris toilette hatiNé de ville. Silks, fatins and velvets rustied and glistened in the rays of the sun, os they came mellowed and many colored through the panes of siained giags. Al) was magnificent At the extremity of the salle was @ grand tent or canopy of red velyat, mado to represent the tent of a Roman Emperor. It was grand, and at the same time simple. Inside these hangings of velvet s'oad the throne, or raised seat, to be occupied by the Emperor, while on the steps that de- scended to the floor were placed seats for Tin dig- nitarjes of the empire. On the right side of throne wae placed a tribune for the Empress and the members of the imperial family, A seat for Prince Napoleon was. placed at the side of the Emperor’s chair. Prince Jerome ‘Was noi prevent; he is yet too feeble to go out. Atone o'clock the Empregs entered the salle, A universal shout of “Vive UImperatrice’”’ greeted her Majcety’s en- trance. A few moments more and in came the Emperor, preceded by bis Cbamberlain and the officers of hig house- hold de service. An escort of Cent Gardes, glittering in their ga’a uniforms, preseed along in advance of this cortege, and ranged themeelres betind on tho sides of the throne. The Emperor baving mounted the ateps that led to his eeat, terped and bowed to the brilliant assembly that anxiously gazed athim. A loud, iong and repeatod buret of hearty cheering succeeded, and for some minutes Majesty could but bow, as the cheers grow more and more intense. But all present were aware that a digcouree was to be pronounced by tn> sovereign whom they #0 loudly acclaimed, and anxiety to know what was to be said eoon caused a breathless silence to ensue. Tho | Emperor rose and read in @ clear and most distinct voice hie specch. At ite couclugion, M. Fou!d. the Minister of Siate, administered to the new members the oath of ollica, and then he declared the session commenced, aren the deputica to meet to morrow at one o'clock, This done, their Majeetics retired amid the most vociferous cheering, and the grand ceremony was ended. It took hours for by soldiers of the Cent Gardes. The diplomatic corps were placed on the corner of the hand galiery, looking down upon the throm, and imme- of the Cnr one on By boring republics; but from what Leaw it they did not seem ta he particaiarly cosy haps our Charge thinks it would be tiqnette to recognise the rep esontative of unt) cur government bas recognized bis. ‘Semators were generally men of middie or even olt tage ‘ge, while the members of the popular branch of the Le- giiature were neerly all young men. These (atier were Greased in court costume. The Senate is compose of one undved and seventy members, including the Preach Princes, who are members by birthright alter they attain the age of eighteen years, and the Fresch Cardinals— three of whom were om the platform—aad the Mar- ebais and Admirals of France. The Senxtors are fer life by the Emperor, and receive of thirty thousand francs per annum, the Em. ua the President and Vico President, who oflices for 8 year only. The Senate ia sup- and interpreter of the constitu- tion, reguiatiog all matters not ided for in that document, md bas the power of its sanction to Jaws contrary to the constitution, or which it may con- sider &8 Capgerous to the safety of the country. This body algo bas the power to modifications to the constitution, 89 long as they are not at variance with its fundamental principles, in which cage they are required to be submitted to a universal vote of the people. The sitlings of the Senate are secret. It has no power to amend bills, but can only pronounce on the expedieucy of measures which are presented to it directly by the ere men which have been 'p) voted upon y the Corea tage P Gite “« Corps Legislatif ’ consists of two hunired and ity-two mombers, who are elected for six years, by universal suffrage—one deputy being allowed to every 35,000 elec'ors. “Its President and Vice President are ap- pointed by the Emperor, who convokes, atjourns and diseolves it; and in cage of dissolution, a hew one must be convoked within six months, Its are rather Itmited. It does not originate bills, but receives them from the Council of State, which iss vee appointed by and presided over by the Emperor; and it cannot amend a di!) without the Council of State’s approval, but it dis- cusses and agrees to or rejects the bills presented toit, ax Well ag the taxes. It site once a » and its sessions retain posed to be the guardi continue three months, during wi time the members receive a salary of 2,500 franos . The members of the corps are divided by Jot into seven bureaux, or grand committees, to come one of whom the [preg eo pe ration of ever: 7 by the incil of can be @ member of the Stato . No Corps latif, and no petition can be addressed to it. Its are nominally publio— deing di during its session for about twer ere its de- bates are not allowed to be rej i—a very brief ab- Sstract being given at the close of each day’s seaaion, for Publication in the ner of ber household, and sccompanied by the Clotilde and the Princess Mathilde. She was dressed very jawnly in black silk and a white bonnet—the Court not ing yet quite out of mourning for the death of the Grand Duchees Stephanie, of Badten—and I never saw her look £0 lovely. .48 she entered a loud shout of “Vive L’- Imperatrice!’? rose from the entire hall; and I do not be- eve there was one there who did not inwardly wish “God bless her—the kind hearted, gentle Eagénic.’ For the few minutes following, 2, moat of the assembly, was, of course, ‘on tiptoa, Fe of hall announced ‘1?! PG yy rose again, preceded ma) Iain and \e Chauiberisine, ana immediately fol- lowed by the Prince A Emperor en- tered the door. As he the middle aisle successively, by tbe different es which occupied the body of thehall, the cry of “vive L’ ” was raised, and the chapeaus raised in air, and the loudness of the response showed the heartiness which the cheer Was given. Ascending the platform, the Emperor turne?, paused a moment, and bowed his acknowledge- ments, when one of the chamberlains handed hia @ roll of manuscript, the transcript of his speech. He then seated Bimself in the Imperial chair, and nae ag | commenced reading. . The speech itself you will course receive through the ordioary sources. It was read in a clear and distinct, though not a loud tone, and with- =“ a ve Poa ee of or ——— and the delivery was frequently interrupted by cheers, the Emperor, when these were given, Ned gel r and looking upon the vast asecmblage before him, plc ae until the noiee was completely subsided before he pro- ceeded. During the reading the most silence pre- vailed, and J never re: 80 fally force of the [ming “You could have heard a pin drop” as ¢ first cheer, and it was aloud one, was given at the crowd to disperee, and es I now write I hear in the distance the trumpet notes of the Garde Imperiale as they returned from the pageant. Paws, March 1, 1860. Opening of the Senale and Corps Legistatif—The Tickel of Admission—Aypearance of the Hall—The Throne—The Jritune of the Emperor—Occupants of the Plalform— Marthal MacMahon—The Diplomatic Corpa—The Senate and Legislative Corps— Entrance of the Empress—Entrance Of the Emperor—Reading>the Specch—The Oheers and Enthustoam—Swearing in the New Membert—Effect of the Speech, dc., de. By good fortune and some sharp management I suc- ceeded in obtaining yesterday a ticket entitling me to = place in the grand Salle des Etats on the occasion of the opening of the Legielative body to-day, by the Emperor Napoleon in person. These lillets d’ entrée are difficult to obtain. ‘The membere of the Senate and Corps Legislatif receive a few, which they distribute among their friends, and come are algo sent to the different embaasies; but there are thoueands of persons in Paris who would wil- lipgly bave given considerable sums to have had the standing place which I was fortunate enough to get to-day on the occasion referred to, 80, having been more for- tunate than most of my friends, I thought it might be in- teresting to your millions of readers to be made acquaint- ed with tho formalities attending the opening of the French Senateand Legislative Body by his Majesty Napo- Jeon the Third. ‘The ticket itself bears the seal of the Grand Master of Ceremonies of the Emperor’s household, is about as large ‘as it could conveniently be to be carried in any ordinarily sized pocket, and bears the following: — ¢€ AON OLE IE LOLI IE NODE OPIS OLELIODADODODOPOSONIGO OE OUVERTUBE DE LA BEBSION LEVISLETIVE DE 1860. PAR ORDRE DE 1’ EMPRRECR, Le Grand Maltredes Cerewonies & I'honneur de prévenir x —— qu— SSS heseiner 2 Foureeace de seasion ve co jul sera. Bmpe: ~Toureledeudl ler Mara, une cr dana la Grafie fale du Falnis du Lourre. ‘hommes earont en trae wate blanche, Lea dames en toilette de ville. Ties, ‘par Vescalier du ravillion Devon, Piace Na- poléoa T12 , midi eu plus tard. OOOO IIE SELENE DOOIIE DOGO DODO OODNIDIO DADO ID A little before eleven o'clock I drove into the Piace Carousel from the quay, which, as well as the bridges leading tothe Louvre and the Tuileries, was lined with people eager to catch a glimpse of the gay equipagos of the ministers of the Emperor and the foreign ambassa- dors. Both on the quay and the rue de Rivoli a strong ‘body of the mounted municipal guard and the police were posted to prevent obstructions. In the Place Carouse! there was also an immense crowd waiting to sce the Empo ror take his departare from the Tuileries, and even in the court yard tothe entrance of the Salle des Etats, which in the new Louvre. opening off the long gallery. Pass- ing through @ long hall on tho basement floor lined with soldiers of the Imperial Guard, I mounted the stairway, and then going through another long hall, passing be- tween files of the Emperor’s body guard—the Cent Gardes”’—standing like statues in their magnificent uni- forms, 1 handed my ticket to the doorkeeper aud entered the splendid hall, This was about eleven o'clock, and the room was already nearly filled with people, a very largo proportion of whom were ladics, the upper gallery on one side being entirely reaprved for them, and the front sests on the side aisles also appropriated to their use, the gentlemen Deing obliged to occupy the back woats or to stand infront of them. The body of the hall was devoted to the membera of the Senate and Legislative corps, the Pro- fessors of te various colleges and institutes of learning, the Judges of the Imperial Court, the members of the In- stitute and Academy, and the Municipal Couacil of Paris. At the end of the hall, fronting the entrance, was raised platform, on which the throne was placed. The chair on which the Emperor was to sit was a low-backed, arm chair, trimmed with red velvet, and profusely orna- mented with gold, and bearing the imperial cipher. Back of this was an immense dais or canopy of red velvet, the drapery of which was covered with the golden bees, and were two large golden eagles. On tho right hand side | world that the fact is as wat stated, for we shall, [ that time, This change overtures made to her by Austria, the Prince of Heese has, for months: ward and forward between Vienna and aud, on several occasions, correspondents Paris and London, bave commented upon ig DOW apparent what was their object, and it is that Austria = make great concetsions to have induced that government to change its ey herself. But has the sad results one af draped with on mn hehe the iadics cf the Coart. beats Upon form were, many of them, te member of ie impeers imi aod ‘was sitting upon one of | in hus Epiacopal robes, and looking as jolly | h the question of the extent of the temporal pawer | Go tes bed never yn bis nol or indaced him | against the gov } the hall, as well as the and at this hour the doors . latform wore the Mar- and Admirals of France who are now in Pars, and Emperor’s staf. Amoug the former none attracted so much attention ag the great and gallant apon whose Gntrance ration, and all eyes lorgnetties Sean wekion te fal ~ ouce pen gs ‘ He is really a 8; taeh,aad appeaiod te be none the ‘worse for the bot, hard fighting he bad tu the late campaign, and as though he would not in the least object 10 go into apotber. Directly in front of the pat form on which the throne was were the members of the Senate, in thoir brilliant court costumes; in the rear of them the members of the “Corps Logisiatif,” and behind them the and other persons whom I have men: boned, ‘The platforms wes ned op cither side * the body of the hall, wasa tribune ted ele fr ‘ close of the first sentence, when the Emperor declared he sincerely desired peace and would neglect Maintain it. The nextcame when he declared that It wason the eve of constituting itself free, and this even Jouder than the first. His declaration that he could follow tbe policy of Sardinia ia relation to Tuscany the & was received with applause, for which evidently waited, and which he expected, but which . lescopr gona apy given during the delivery of the entire speech. of the autience was reserved, | for the declaration of the Emperor that he his duty to claim for annexation to France the French: slope of the 5 erie ae pereur.”” The closing of itwence in regard to ag mage Rare hn England was also loudly applauded, and the termination of the epeech literaliy “brought down the house,” the enthusisem having been kindled up to its highest , and the shouts of “Vive I’Empereur” for several minutes after his Majesty bad finished read- ing. At the Close of the read! one of the officers of the Emperor’s hovechold read an order his Majesty would pow receive the oath of allegiance and fidelity from the members of the Senate and “‘Oorps Legis- lattt’”” who had been appointed and clected since the opening of the last eession. The names of these persons were then called, one by one, and, as each one was read, the Senator or Legislator anewering to it rose in his seat, and bolding up his right hand, exclaimed, ‘Je le jure,” swear it); when this formality was Sepate and ro Assembly opened, and form, the entered, bi leon, wi E UEm lowed him, away, the entire ceremony, from the time of the entrance ine aha Ea wenty- ui jn an extra edition of the Monteur, was posted up Paris, and excited, of course, deal should say thet the fa the Raperors peal. 8] say was mperor’s } tion in relation to Tuscaay, and, a8 & friend of mine se: marked, it geems as his Majesty in this matter had “put his foot init.” The mail is just closing, and I have no time for comments or reflections. Our Berlin Correspondence. Beaux, Feb. 28, 1660. Passoge of the Bill for Rquolizing the Land Tas, in the Hove of Deputics—What Will the House of Lords do With It?—Artstocratic Mrs. Partingtons— Popularity of ‘ie Literal Party—Phe Reorganization of the Army— Scanty Harvesis and Famine in Wettern Prussia—The Effects of Droughts, Insects and Hail Storms— Government and Private Measures of Religf—Celebration of the twenty- second of February—Increased Numbers of Americans in Berlin, de., de. ‘The law for equalizing the land tax and extending it to those landed proprietors who have hitherto been exempt from taxation has passed the Second Chamber, with some trifing amendments, and it now remains to be seen whether the House of Lords will accept it or throw it over, as they did the Civil Marriage bill. If they are wise they will take care not to reject 8 measure which is infl- uitely more favorable to them than anything they can ex- pect in future; for this is certainly the last time they will be offered an indemnity for resigning privileges which they have enjoyed #0 long at the expense of the reat of the population, and #0 they were told pretty plainly ‘by one of the government commissioners during the debate in the House of Doputies. But the high aristocracy throughout Europe seem determined to emulate the glorious example of Mrs. Partington, who swopt back the waves of the Atlantic with her ‘broom; by clinging with desperate tenacity to their ex- ploded rights, they fancy they can arrest the spirit of the age which is hemming them in on all sides, and will finally overwhelm them. Here in Prussia their opposition ® partly baséd on the hope of damaging the position of the present Cabinet, and inducing them to throw up office im diegust at finding themselves unable to carry their measures, but in this the noble lords are likely to be mis- taken. Their fuctiousness likewise only serves to increase the popularity of the liberal ministers; the Prince Regent himself is highly indignant at it, and the reactionists may Dr course Russia and Austria will deny. the oxistence ot’ | which was warmounted by a crown, on each side of which | “oover to thelr cost that coup d'état may bo directed ‘qgainst a pig headed oligarchy as well as against the “vile multitude.” ‘The public in general are less interested in the land tax question, the final settlement of which cannot possibly be delayed much longer than ja the project for the reorgan!- zation of the army, which is far from meeting witn uni- versal approbation, In the first place, it is no joke for a country like Prussia to have to raise ten millions a year in addition to the ordinary expenditure, for military par- poses, which even now absorbs more than one-third of the entire revenue; and in the next, serious doubts are expreseed whether the efficiency of the army will be real- ly 80 much increased as to compensate for the heavy out- Jay incurred by it. Ina former communication I mention- ed some of the objections to which the government echeme was liable; many others either upon the whole portant details; in fact, of the press, with Presian | alleged, will atvest tho army 0” fus national charsclar, and Ne & reactionary gover? ent to employ it in unpopa- tera are) OF in support of tan liberal p yy at home; dak 48 @ mere il 85, the events of '49 ‘y enrolled re di ot in . ‘Cuambér, their sobeme will allowed to pass without essential modifications. Prussia, bordering on Pomerania and the very eupbonicus name of 1» give a descrip- tion of the famine to which the inhabitants aro exposed fa consequence of ecanty ‘The oil being mostl; sand and gravel, the continued droughts in tot and 8 caused a total failure of the summer ; the rye, which yielded about half a crop, was ly destroyed by hail eee and fortwo see Lt cap tolive almost ex- usively on ual y Season of 1 ‘4 of distress under D Potatoes. filled np the measure ate inhabitants were Jaboring. up 09 the end of Auguat, together anvibilated al) vegetable er years of scarcity, the size of a pigeon’s egg, and were quite without putriment, but were ol ged to be ertan to heap off earvation, fb the un- whe food brought on diseases scarcely fatal. There was not even seed over enough to be put'in tha ground; the cattle died, or had to be sold for want of fod- der, and thus the wealthier class of farmers were re- duced to penury, while those that were poor already de- serted their homes and cent districts of Pomeraine, A committce of benevolent citizens of porton the steps that should be taken to relieve it; but there are go many calls for assist- ance various quarters that the efforts of government will be unavailing if not energetically seconded by private benevolence. ‘The 22d February was celebrated as usual by the Ame- ricams sojourning in, or ‘through Berlin, at the re- tidence of the Minister, Hou. Joseph A. Wright. About six- ty five were present, from almost every section of the Unl- ted States. vious to the repast an impressive prayer was offered by the Bev. Mr, Hamilton of t, and ter enjoying gooa ee Party adjourned to the salen, where the star anuer encircled the ikeneas of Washington, and & portion of his Farewell Ad- drecs.was read. Suitable toasts and sentiments were of- fered to the memory of the departed hero and sage, to the President of the United States. to the King, Queen, Prince Regent and members of the royal fniy of Prussia, &., apd many interesting speeebes{ware delivered. Baron Ronne, formerly ambassador from this count,y to the United’ States, proposed a very appropriate sentiment in relation to the Union and the hopes dependent upon its stavility, which was greeted with loud applause. Go- vernor Wright spoke bighly of the good feeling and friend- ebip existing between the two countries, and remarked humorously, ‘“‘that be was afraid our yourg countrymen were s0 much smitten with the strict order and discipline prevailing here that they would fall in love with Pruseian institutions.” Tnen we had speakers from New York, Virginia, South Georgia, uetts, ut, and other States, and in conclusion Mr. Wright offered the followmg senti- ment :—‘ Our country, our whole country, the ee of humanity, the of the world—May you and I de- ounce every ope who shail attempt, = 2 id by (Piece re! fe one ioe St oles for oo. ‘To this all bation. At wal pleased with national anniver- visiting Berlin has increased diaporsed tbe manner in which they had spent the ihe number of Americans greatly in the last fow years. 1 am informed that at one me this winter there were no less than a hundred of 5 and ten residing in thiscity. Indeed, though detestable in the summer, there are not many places in Germany or on the whole Continent that are superior to Berlin as @ winter residence. The Univertity, the medical and military ool- leges, the academies of arts and science, deserve the at- tention of the studious, while the theatres, balls and con- certs offer varied attractions to the “overs of pleasure, and have the additional advantage of not belog anything like £0 expensive as similar amusements in other capi- tals—for instance, Paris and London. Our Copenhagen Correspondence. Corgyuacey , Feb, 23, 1860, Celebration of Washington's Grand Rall by the American Minister~The Names of the Royal Per- somages Present—The While Danish Miniitry Present, dc., de. ‘The anniversary of the birth of Washington was ccle- brated yesterday in this city, by a: grand ball, given by Mr. James M. Buchanan, the American Minister. It was the first time that the birthday of ‘the Father of his Coun- try”” was ever celebrated in this city; and it will be long remembered as having been done with the most marked and diecriminating honor. The whole was gotten up in astyle of surpassing grandeur—unequulled by anything of the kind that has ever been attempted gn Northern Eu- rope. The arrangements were fully com: with the occasion, and they were characterized with a judg- nent bold-and demonstrative of Americanism. ‘There is something peculiar about American celebra- tions, not to be found elsewhere in the world. Every one present is not only made to feel at home, but, that it is the duty of all present to diffuse happiness to others, each aiding to make one common glory, As distinct as the billows, ‘Yet one as the ocean. In cold forma! Europe, you cannot find that universality of happiness so generally enjoyed in America. Some are at liberty to exhibit a degree of pleasure to the fullest height, and others are expected to look on and say no- thing. The rising generation, for example, is taught to think and to speak as those of days gone by) and any deviation therefrom is considered a breash of the social code. On the other hand, the prevailing idea in regard to the young in America is to make them com- prehend, in the fullest sense, “Excelsior. ’’ For some days past it has been known throughout the city of Copenhagen that the birthday of Washington was to be celebrated by a grand ball, to be given by Mr. Doodle,” “Hail Columbia,” “Star Spanglei Banner” and other patriotic pieces of music were to be performed. In ever briafull of the through life bave won world. The Princetscs Bigbresees Prince Fer Prince Cb fig i and aurbor, and army sndnavy. The and distinguished for beauty and Greseed low neck, fail skirte, Demented with exquisite tate Witching and paiculated to make Evie tH eB ind in the =e Paneind at expretsly Toom, at 5 generally was designed for the specialit; - Bibality. The various rooms were My pee and appropriately arranged for the: of Washington occopied a prominent Seerees wae Soe ee * elar epany |"? wit stars thirteen etripes, was entwined with the royal Danuh fg, and 60 ta: iho too; that the success was the admirauon of guests. The entrance to tho apartments wae carpeted, and ou each side were arranged flowers and various kings of sbrubbery.. The piate used ‘upon the cceasion was purchased by Mr. Buchanan in Paris. It was ornamented with the richest artis- ic workmanship, The catables wero of the most. delicious varietic# and in tbe greatest profusion. The wines were of the very best, and imported for the day. It was ‘jatributed tu the greatest quantities, apd every ome had in sn omg ad ¥ test the merits of the respective a It bes been saia that there never wag such a ptofution of that delicious beverage at an entertainment ip i one before, the arrival of the femil; band played ‘Hail Columbia!” and the Danish atonal boyy The yro- cersicn then moved to the ¢ nCiDg Raloon, headed by Mrs. aerate, Keccempanied by bis Ra ‘al Higtnees Prince Fer- dipend; then her Fal Highnese Princess Oarotine. aecoen. panied by Mr Buchutap; uext was her Royal Highness Princess Charlotte, ee by William Terao Bu- chapap, attaché of ¢! Legution; snd then her Higbuers Princess Avgusia, accompanied by Baron Sternberg, Russian Ambasvador. After these came others of tbe gucsts, much regulated according to rank. The —_ ae ene ag es 3." in wi the first mention- gui juests took part. once rious dances, wales ae quadrilles ‘lied reine 9 until three o’elock morning, w! Sbeeaton 3 ing, vitier us was prepared, conducted and ended one of most remarkable pelebrations that has ever boerione in this city having reference to national cdaracter, and especiaily baving an American bearing. Mr. Buchanan and His catimable lady and bis tons have in this affair new laurels and ad to our national renown, in tals or ee, Justre. They deserve the thanks of our for the libera! and diecriminatiug exercise of . ment Seared at the celebration of the birthday of our greatest the world’s most renowned benefactor, the city, as) and evergreens. The NAPOLEON'S SPEECH. The Opening of the French Legtalature— Speech of the Emperor on the Itallan Question, Annexation of Savoy, Peace of Europe and the New Treaty with Epgilana. His Majesty the Emperor, on the opening of the Logisia- tive Seesion of 1860, March 1, spoke as foliows:— ‘Meserecrs Les SexatRURS—] 18 On the of last. setsion, relying upon the triotiem of France, I endeavored to fortily your minds in advance against the exeggerated aj bable war. To-day I onl tons with all the Powers of ‘the globe where our arms are treme East; but the courage of our soldiers, aided by the hearty assistance-of , will coubtless soon to a testy of peace with Cochin- Chiva. As regards Chine, & serious expedition, combined With the forces of Great Britain, will inflicton her the cbastisement of her perfidy. In Europe difficulties approach, as I trast, their termi- nation, and Italy is on the eve of constituting herself free, Without referring to the long negotiations which have ing along fot so many months, I shall confine principal points. ¢ dominant idea of the treaty obtain the almost complete independence of Venetia at the price of the restoration of the archdukes. That transaction having failed, despite my most earnest endea- vors, Lhave expreesed my regret therca! at Vienna aa well as at Torin, for the situation by being threatened to lead to no issue, While if was the frank explanations between my government and Austria, it suggested to England, to Prussia, measures the whole of whic clearly prove on the great Powers their desire to o' a interests. ‘s 4 : second these dispositions it was for to present that combination the sdoption of wi the chance of being accepted by my army against t to assign the: mits of declare gs I could not of fault in the to absorb Para < ened pew es id him to tothe wakes ‘of thet» favorably of the’ provinces pom offer Soemeclves 3 him, but to maintain the jenoe to respect in principle the rights of the Holy See. re this arrangement does not sa- tiety every Body, tt has the beamed a resery! }, Of he sions, Y makes geom of 9,000,000 souls, Looking to this transformation of Northern Italy, which fovea toa panera! Biaie all the passes of the it wae my ¢uty, for the security of our froatiers, to Frerch slopes of the mouutaius. This reassertion of a claim to @ territory of small extent mn in ft of alarm Eur the ,or by underhand manceuvres, but by frankly ex- - Jaiping the to the Great . will saining Seats | AJ rangement which js about to take 8 us aright toa guaran- tee indicated by nature hersaih ‘ I cannot pass over in silence the emotion of a cnaietinn teopaameds od ge vad such er: Ns Sas up to pas- eionate alarms. The past, w! ought to be a for the future, has been so overlooked, ranerer: Yendered so much T needed conviction and lic common sense—to establish in the midst of the tions endeavored to be excited that maintains us in a calm wi { the little inclination treaty with England. I , lately ppm ly measure. A very R reflection fer both countries. | Sssturecly would bave each in its own interest, proparea; but ees the 10 simultaneous, we | eno cp the other without M i : i i 5¥5 i Teall your attention, before huternal communication, sues 87 can ones Pe tua to compete mon s | fe wrcey oye ow receipts disbursements of the a, 196 balanced without any necd of an to credity or recourse to new taxes. In sketching Picture of cur political and witbed to ipspire you with fall prosperity apd to sesociate you in the { @ work fruitful in great resul The pretection of Prov! ovr side duripg the war, ‘bierjnige whose object is the lot of the greatest number. | then, firmly, our path to | curselves to be arrested elther by | bees or clamors of or | Frarce menaces no one; sbe in the picntitude of her | rources which heaven i others. Tho speech had. a rather depressing influence on the Payis Bourse, and the fonds slighuy receded. The Apgiich journals generally regard the Speech with disfavor. The London Times says it ig not rhat it hoped, but rather what It expected. The most important aad ob- Jecticnable part ig the declaration that Savoy is to be an- 5 trait position, exquisitely ‘