The New York Herald Newspaper, January 16, 1860, Page 2

a ee NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 16, 1860. 2 P? nipotentiary, to assist at the coronation of the Czar Ao ander IL “at Mose w. YHE FIRST PRENC | REPRESENTATIVE. Count Fionan Arexanpre Joskrn CoLonna WArkwsst’ the French politician, Senator and Minister, who bas beoa Damed by the Emperor as first pleatpotentiary im the Congress, was born on the 4th of May, in the year 1810 ‘He is the son of a Polander, and after havin ® precocious activity of intelligence in his education, be ‘went t> Lo don at the age of nineteen years to wader fake negotiations in favor of Poland with the most emi ent statesmen of England, who afterwards remaacd ia friendly relations with him, After the revolutioa of July be was honored by the friendsnip of the Duke of Orleans’ ‘and bad great prospects of rapid advan out in the army, in which he held the rank of captarm, but getting fhred of the idle life of garrisons, he applied for and obtained hhis dismissal. He might also have attained considerable political distinction through the newspapers and by litera. ture, for he was well known at that time to Parisian 80. ciety asa man of the world, a publicist, and a dramatic g manifested author. Among other works which he produced might be cited “A Word on the African Question,” (1837-22) fand “Tho English Aliance.’? He was one of the editors and founders of The Messager. In theatrical circles ho passed as the colaborer of M. Alexander Dumas in the piece called ‘Mademoiselle de Belle-Isle,’’ of that celebrated French author and noyelist (1839) He Boon after published under his own name, “ L'Boole du Monde, ov 1a Coquette sans le savoir,” a iy in flve acts, to which the uctress Anais Aubert, according to la France Literatre, which gave her a singular qualidewion, must have rendered very im ance. This picoe was represented in the Th on the 8th Of January, 1840, and was but jy 1. Th same year M. Walewssi eater career. M. Thiers became J’resilent of the Cablue Ist of March, and acquired the Messager, but editor a mission to Kxypt. Under the Ministry of M. J. Waleweki also received Several missions, and 4 gauon of Buenos Ayres when tho x0 he was attached 1 th revolution of 1845 brok' r ‘Alter ibe election of the 10th of December, his former Telauons « ne of those men who w most devoted to the I'resi erved his fortunes. In 1849 he was sent to Florence with the of Pieuisotentiary and Euvoy Bx traordivary, whene ved to Nay ja 1854 be became ambasrad Britain, Ou the 7th of May, TSB, he way cal of M Dronyn de PHuye,who res voretgn Affairs, aud tt was he out gion of H of the Emer be lovked for ENCH PLENIPOTENTIARY wane, He is also a pre and politician, and a man has carefully stadied the complications of European government. He will be a vainable assistant to his more A con- Frere, and both together will doubt! er great ser vice to the cause of liberty and human enlighteumont. THE FIRST SARDINIAN 1 ENTATIVE, Camnix, Coont of Cavour, the Italian statesman, who figured s» prominently in the late European war, and whos» SBppointment to represent Sardina in the Congress at Paris has met with the disapproval of his Majesty the E © Lar ninent ia the T statesma 38 ri oY | Of the French, was born at Turin in 1869, and is the son of a merchant of Nice, who was created a nobleman by Charles Albert. When the reformatory movements of 1847 were manifested, Count Cavour, ia connection with Count Balbo, founded the constitutional paper called fy ergimento, in which he treated economical questions. In 1848 he occupied a very secondary part during the contest of Piedmont with Austria. Ho then felt himself surpassed by the democrats and most enthusiastic parti fans of Malian fadependencs, After the disaster of Ni ara and the fall of the democratic party, ho enterea the Ghamber of Depaties in 1849, and soon after he succeedes Santa Rosa as Minister of Commeros and Agriculture. he commencement of 1851 he was entrusted with the Portfolio of Financs, He was forced to repatr the losses caused by an upfortousic war and to re-establish the equilibriam of revenue and expenditares. But the ditih culties of the situation did net prevent him from advancing his country in the adveatarous ways of free exchange. He followed the example of the Englis’t government with tn ardor which excited against him in tae Chambers very stropg opposition, and which caused him to be accased 6f Avplowania, To 1852 M. de Cavour broke from bis wollesgucs, la Foresta and d’Azegho, to unite with the Revancrd party, and for atime he lett the Ministey. He returned 0 ft a8 President of the Connell. From that time he conetantly remainod atthe head of affairs, sus- tained by w compact majority which gave him great Strength against all the extreme parties. In questions of the interior, he alwsys professed profound reepect for the principles prociaimed by France in 1789, for the Itberty Of the press. of worship, of industry ani of common for ull the ineividual rights guaranteed by the coustiva. tion of 1818; bot he opposed the rights of ther State fo the privileges of tho clergy, aad caused to be executed the property of Mortmain, and forcibly added to the religious corporations the monopoly of (he instruction. That policy roved by King Victor ie}, and by the x drew upon Piedmont the ‘thunders of the Vatican, and Cavour, without being alarmed by the menaces of court of Rome, was forced toadjourn the projects of law Felative to civil marriage and to the defluitive emancipa tion of lay eociety. ‘The capital question was now that of independence and the unity of ftaly. M. de Cavoar openly hoisted the rational tricolor, ou which, like Charles Albert, he placed the Cross of Savoy. It was to assare to Italy the aid of Fogland and France, which induced the King and the Chambers Western Powe in opposing Reweia. Aft of the Eastern w: be tried to turn the en a to Austria to the pro fit of aly. In the C he exposed the suf ferings oi the provinces subjecte ustrian occas and to the Pontill a was declared inc at least carric the Cou aris h to A > these ¢ aints of vio of Italy recog ations of apgroval. suing of a subscription the armament of the ainst bi eof war, and diplomat 0 © 8n8 nded between the court of Vienna and toat of Torin. ut M. de Cavour did not show any disposition to way, depending pon the aid of the West by national foeliag, of which the been a new proof, le prepared, without fear or tence, for ali te events of tho future. His diplomaus career during the war of France Sa) Austria must be stil fresh readers. THE SECOND R&P Is the Curvarer Dasannac played a somewhat conspicu Italian freedom and inde man of letters, well versed in the politica ‘own country as Well a8 of Earope, ani wil a valuable aid to the sagaci us and talenied gentleman ‘whom he is to assist. PROBABLE REPRESENTATIVE OF ROME. Grscomo AsTONBLL, the celebrated Italian Cardinal and Biatesman, was born at Sopnio, near Terracino, on the 24 Of April, 1806, and is descended from an ancient family of NTATIVE OF SARDINIA ys, @ gentioman who has the struggie f the Romagna, who, in the alternations of splendor and of | Joes, counted among its members juriscon sults, historians and highway robbers. One of lis parents was condemned to death and executed under the empire curing the Freach occupation... Some eay that his father was a simple wood- entter, while others affirm that he was an opuleat landed proprietor, who, in the honorable pursuit of commerce, realized a handsome fortune, and sig- malized himself on various occasions by his loyaity and devotion to the Holy See. Giacomo prosecuted his studies at the great seminary of Rome, where ‘he was remarked az a prowising youth; and he became, after having received orders, one of the favorites of Gregery XYI., who made him a prelate, then Assessor to tho Superior Criminal Tribunal, then delegate to visto, to Viterbo and Macerata. In IS41 he became Under Secretary of Stato to the Minister of the Interior, pecond Treasurer in 1844, and in the following year Grand ‘Treasurer of the two Apostolic Chambers (Minister of Fi- ance) at the Place de Tosti. A short time after his ac- qeession }ius the Ninth gave him the cardinal’s hat—12th of June, 1847. At that period M. Antonelli recommende i hhimselt by bis liberal opinions to the favor of the new Pope. The vivacity of his character, his energy disguise i Dy the most affable manners, gave bim an ascendanc ‘over the Pontiff which soon became a regular domination Ho was a member, as Minister of Finance, of tis (irs Council of Ministers established by Pius the June, 1847), and bo was, besides, mime! Pros Igient cf the Senaius Conmiltum, a sot of ex “Miary commiasion charge! to examve lat pew wants of the time, aud to presen s ©) thereforms which it should deem necessary. reral very patriotic propositions which were ‘we! by the inertness of the ministry, and the il! will et College. Cardinal Antonelli azaia exercised yoo at Rome asa member of the Commission Yhe Cousbtation which gave to Italy (14th March, 1843) fan s statute, almost forced from Pins IX, and Prinsipel articles of which were almost immediatoig eluded or violated. To the same month, the Car a! bad decors, after the dissolution of the Gizz', Fer etti and Do! nti Cabinets, President of a libaral ministry, posed of bine members, of whom only three were oo hes. He was very ee iar short oe when, Spe, ls tlatteret to tee eld 'anarinyo¢ inf mn 7,000 men, yee Austrians in fhe Lage sud, if moed be, in Lombardy. But already he fad f, beiweea his roe of Cardgal png At | posessnane 4 the | his title of @ popular Minister, in a false position He seon became alarmed at the enous charactor of the revolution, an’ w ged to grant promises of « const tition: but, driven by all the bith @ergy, he dedoitively departed from bis Wberal progress, add ended bis place 9 the Minister Saamiaui Ta coastng tobe the Minister of the Pope, Carei.al Agtone!l) coutiourd to be bis privy coausel Jor and the sovereign director of his policy. “It was by bim that Pius IX. corresponded with Chartes Aloert; by him a friuda (nat be caused the faws rogalating tho press boratod; OO bis eboice he nominated e od auditors—i short, it was on bi m that he decided to replace Mi Ma volar tuinister, Pellegrino Ros ation hat scarely its place in the of the factions which divided Rome aud aly. Aftee the assassination of Ross}, the Cardinal coane and directed the fight of the Voye, waom be S900 alter wards went to joit at Gaeta (November, 1848), Ther showed himself in favor of the idea of Austrian inter tion; repelled the deputies of the provigory cow nis of Rome, who wished to see the Poy, ead prot sted (a bis name, and tu the name of hs ego, agwiost the new government, Hye was thon ary of Btate for the Court of G. Drnaey, ‘Austria, France, Spaio aad Naples, the circular wh Mande from the whole Chistiaa world the re ostal ment of the apiritual sovereign oa the throas of St. Petr, notwithstandiog he treated tho Ambassador of France With a certain degree of hauteur, au i coatinued to provest his respect for the statute On the 9th of April, when the Frepeb troops had already diserbarked at Civita Vecchia, he was appointed president of a spsctal commission charged with brivgivg iu church reform. After the capitulation of Roms he advised the Pape to in bis communications with th» Freaca, and by no m to hurry his retuen into Roms The firet reprissive measures which disqnieted tho city were attributed to bis mspiration, aad che Romans ‘once more feit themselves uncer the power of the © Red Pope?’—that is, the Pope Cardinal, The mote propro or manifesto of Pius [X. to the [talans agaia passed for bis work. When Pins IX. had coussnted to re-enter Rome (April 12, 1850), he appointed his faithful servant Secretary of S| for Foreign Affairs. Cardinal Antonelii, unec that time, has carefully guarded that high po- jspnyed ali the ardor of his new contra revola- He sould not permit the ctrrying into eifect 8 of the motu proprio until two years atiur Oa the 10th Of September be coast tated the ministerial departments by two edicts, established a Council of State, and in the two following months reor- ganized, on less'Hiberal bases the administration of pro: that of commuaes—a reorganization which, of men or the force of cireum=a ’ ted fu the rai of the finances, without hope of toans, anpihiladon of commerce, the destraction of sci ence, brgandage unpunished, a state of perman aud dniversal discontent. Hostilities against the all-pow. ert roke out from. time to time en to the bosom of the Sacred College, xt e unease! of their ct of ireh and of justice; and the reign yovernments was not Wanting. In the sprin, France avd B 4, if oy Piodmoat,aidressed their ices to the Pope; but the Holy Father recused 8 bis minister, Two months a’terwards, on the June, 1866, the Minister was assaulted by an axsus 1 wounded by a poiguard. At the Paris conferences favour made known noes anil complatuts 4 abou’ to be to whom all y or indirectiy witressed, en- trenched himself bebind the consent of his aovereiza, and thus successfally evaded the question. Tarongh tae influence of the Cardinal railroads were i troduced tuto | the Roman States, the streets of the Rterpal City were | lighted up with gas,a handsome suspension bridge was thrown across the Tiber, one of the nodiest viaducts | in the world was constructed near Albano, and fac- tories of clob and paper bave veen estabtishe | near Rome. Mauy other public works tending to promote | commercial enterprise, iasure safety of life and limb, aad | favor measures of sanitary reform, owe tioit origia t> | him. All who have approased his Emiasace have beea | struck with bis fascinating manners, sparkiiag conversa | tion and amiable dispositi THE FIRST RUSSIAN REPRESENTATIVE. Nicnoras, Coust of Kisseleif, and brother of the ure great re; alarmed t atfairs of celebrated Russian Genoral o” that name, is a | Privy Councilior and Councillor of State ia the | ordinary service of the Court of Russia, and | was in 1856 Envoy Extraordinary ant Miaister Pieni | Potentiary of that Power to the Holy See, aad was born | in the year 1800. From having been at first the Secre- tary of the Legation to Berlin, he was sent to Parisina similar position ia 1829, shortly after Polignac bad become Minister. In 1838 he fullowed the Count Pozzodi Bargo to London, as Counsellor of the Embazsy, and in tho fol- Jowing year returned to Paris with the sam» title. After ‘the resall of Count Pablen, he was placed at the heat of the Legation ag Charge d’ affaires, and nogotiated the loan which the Emperor of Russia contracted with the Bank of | France in 1847. When the revolution of Pebraary broxe out, M. de Kisseleff, under secret instructions from ins | government, conducted himeelf passively toward the new republic. Plenipotentiary after the election of Princo poleon to the Presidency, and in 1853 was accredited to the Court of the Emperor Napol the position of Ambassador, and took part in all t ferences which preceded the ruptare betweea Russia and the Allied Powers. He recived his passports on the 4th of february, 1554, aud left Paris three days afterwar ts. Tie has since been the Russian Ambassador to the iloly He was elevated to the rank of Minister Ne he THE SECOND RUSSIAN REPRESENTATIVS . ALmxANpen MicHakownscn GoRTACHAKoFF—cousin to the two renowned generals of that name, whose tactics in the Crimea were the themes of universal wonder—ia the other | Russian representative at the Paris Congress. Hiv was | born in the year 1789, and was educated in the Ly | Zarskoe Selo, where the poet Pouschkin was one of his companions and fellow students, He mate his début in diplomacy at the Congress of Laybach and of Verooa, as | an adaché of the staff of M. Nesselrode. Ia 1824 he was Secretary to the embassy to London, whore ne gave bis | attontion principally to the study of foreign languages. In | 1830 ho was Charge @’Afaires to Florenca, aud was for the | first t!me in 1892 attached to the Legation at Vienna, where the Fic | great influence. In 1841 he was sent to Stuttgart with the ice of Ambsssador Extraordinary, and broug! tion the arracgements for the mari :chess of Russie Olga with the Prince Royal z. He received in recompanso for these of . title of Privy Councitior, which, in the civil oft corresponds tothe grate of Lietteaaat Ue political events of 1848 and 1819, M Cortschakoff preserved a pradent reserve towards rman States, which enabled him, as a plenipoten- the ¢ tiary, to bold very moderate language to the Germanic Diet in regard to the reaction of 1560. It ts said, aleo, that his presence at Stuttgart had something to do with whe ab: | dication of the Emperor Ferdinand the First, of Austria, | in favor of liis.son Francis Joxeph, The Esatern question | opened a new carcer to the diplomatic activity of M | Alexandre Gortechakoff. Being appointed Ambasaa- dor to Vienna in the place of M. de Meyendorit, ia y, 1854, ho was not successful in the conclusion of the ty of the 24 of December. Fis represomtations to his nmeng would at least have bad tue effect of an ac. tion of the foar points aod the implicit eonclasioa of the Treaty of Paris. He was recalled from ths em>assy to Vionns, aud became Minister of Foreign Affairs, 'n place of M. de Ni ode. On the oceasion of the aftuirs of Na- | ples, be created some excitement in Earops by a cireular in which, retorting upon France and Eogiand the principle of the ind Aly opposed all in- torte the Western Powers in the interior afftics of the Two Sicities. FIRST REPRESENTATIVE OF SPATN, In cons ney of the refusal of Senor Martinoz do la Rosato act in that capacity, is Senor Carpsnow Con: antes one of tho most prominent scholars and statesmen of Spain at the present day. In feeling, aa well as in poli- tics, he strong national man, and on the occasion of th teruent concerning the purchase of Caba by the United States, which arose out of the reference made to the sndject by President Buchanan in one of his anngal metsages, Senor Cellantes made a brilliant speoch ia the Spanish Cortes fo defence of the integrity of the country of bs buth. Asa Senator, Senor Coilantes is remarka- dle for ecund logical argument in debate, while his style | ia plain, pleasing and unaffected. Beside Martinez de la | Rota, iuere eovld not possibly be any better selection | made from among the diplomatists of Spain to undertake the respousivle mission of represeating Spanish interests | on an eveasion of so much importance to the cause of Liberty aud human progress. Ia viow of any ulterior changes that may be made, we also append the biography of Senor Martinez de la THE SECOND REPRESENTATIVE OF SPAIN, Pon Au xpRo Mon, is a mative of the province of Astu- rise, in Spain, and has for many years been one of its most popular representatives in the Cortes. He is a bro- ther-in-law of the Marquis Pedal, ex-Prime Minister, and during the Pedal Ministry was Secretary of tho Treasury, which post be bas occu wnder three other ministers: ‘on different occasions. In this department he has exhibit ed great talent, as well as in the parliamentary schools He is now about sixty years of age, and belongs to the moderado echool of politics, with tendencies to the absolutist Paes, which mark so many of the leadi men of Spain. He was lately minister to the court at Rome, and wil! carry to the Congress great ability as well 22 a strong leaning to the Papal ideas. THE REPRESENTATIVE OF SPAIN. vRaxcisco Mantivez pr La Rosa, the politician who was first named as one or the Spanish representa- ‘ives at the Paris Congrees, was born at Granada, io | 1780, aud was educated in a college of his native city. At the age of nineteen years be obtained by wpanimous consent the chair of Moral Philosophy in the University. It was the same year in which Spanish nationality arore against Napoleon ; and the young pro- | Seesor transformed bis chair into a patriotic tribune, and | Was commissioned by the National Junta of Cadiz to pro- | ceed to Gibraltar and to call in the help of British | arms. At the eame time he wrote an epic poem, entitled | “Saragossa,” which was printed in London in 1811, in | nonor of that haroie city. Not being of the requisite age | to toke 9 part in the Cdnstituent Cortes of 1810, be pro- ceeded to Fugland, and there became intimately acquaint- ed with the liveral spirit of the institutions of that coun- try. On returning to Spain in the following year, he re- Paired to Cadiz, the last point of the Spanish insurrection, And without deing a deputy, he was ov secretary of the commission on the liberty of press. Daring the siege of the city he wrote two comedies, Which wore 1 ARer the tramp of Spaniah Uberty- and tho voto b er the trlump! ‘ish riy an 0 vi 'y \ be Coustituont Cortes of the famous conatitation of 1812, to which bis influence bat been no stranger, Mo Mariine” de be Koen was mace a member of tho Legiianve Cortes by the city Of Granade, and from 1812 to 18td dis layed @ hberet zeal, whieh Ferdinand the Sev-oth newer forgave Lim. He was arrested im ucdistely after Ure custoraue ADO While wick he was cast into a FOdterrRoeAR tony and, cone'aut'y refusing to countenance an toiquitons po erdure, he w ed for four years ju one of the » ‘Mricn, destined for pailey slaves The ravotatioa the Cortes; pat ia raliem grew colt Crudempud the const Dy lost bts y 10 exiled Dy Ror. ms hat reostablianed sited Rome, aut afterwards went to Pans, where be resided for eight years, receiving many Cvidchore OF the esteem of all the Members of the liberal 1 ‘The poet tninister at Chis time caused a pico be brought out at the theatre of the Ports Saiat Martia, entities, © Abon Huaweya; or, the Revolt of the Moors under Philip Second '?” The revolution of T1889 again re colic’) bim to bis cative city. He was at the of the Spei leh Cabinet from Mareb, 1834, t ‘ oter of the famous Estatuo Kal, ot of ue Provinces on the occasion of the suppression » wanicipal rights or fucres caueed hie fall, and he wus replaced by Toreno, During the crisis of 1839-49 ha siled Dimeelfto Paris, where the Rogeut (Espartero) maintained bim for eome time in the position of Amhass dor He was alvo ambaseador to Rome ta 1842 and I445, After the restoration ot Maria Christina, be entered tho He was, Fome |) wit the F lavity nt ia 18.3, eihreue He then 0 ness and death of the Russiau ambasgator give him | Narvaez Cabinet, and did pot leave it antilhe became Pre- ident of the Council, in February, 184%. Toat was the most illiberal, period of his political tife, He afterwards undertook the mission to Paris, agen, in a critical peried of Spanish affairs, and in 1857 he be came Firet Secretary of State in the Cabinet of Armero Mon, and in 1858 be became Prime Muuister agaia. Be- txiee being au eloquent o-ator, @ conrageons citizen, a politician esteemed by all, Martinez de ta Rosa is also a poet and an author. Among his poems are tie “Oouves, itteraires,’’ which contain, among other dramatic piec’s, “aipe,” “Marayma, Ja ‘Conjuration de Venise,” “La fe A ta Maison ¢t la Mére au bal,”’ besides a great oum- ber of otber pieces. He is «iso a fruitful author of popa- Jar Spanish romances. M. Martinez de la Rosa is re tary of the Royal Academy of Spain and President of the Council of the University. . THE FIRST AUSTRIAN REPRESENTATIVE. ‘The first Austrian repreecntative to the Congress is Jaan Brryarp, Count of Recbberg and Rothenloewen, who was born on the 17th of Avgust, 1806. He was Minister Pleui- potentiary of Austria to the Germanic Confeiteration, and President of the Federal Diet of Fraukfort since the 12th of Gctober, 1855. His cousin german, Count Louis Rech. berg, is Chamberlain, Lieutenant Colonel and Aid-de- Camp to the King of Bavaria. Duriog the Italian war which was recently wagedgn Europe, Count Rechberg was called to Vienna by the Emperor Francis Joseph to re- place the suddenly dismissed Minister of Foreign At fairs, Count Buol Schaunstein. His father, Count Albert Francis, of Rechberg ant Rothenloewen, was one of the many hundred petty German sovereigns called free imperial Counts (frete Reichsgrafen), who lost their sovereignty in the year 1802, in consequence of the French occupation ot all the German proviuces om the western banks of the Rhine. The large and rich possessions of the Rechvergs (the ecigneuries of Dorsdorf, Welssenstein, Holkenkirchen, Ramsberg, Wirsingen and Klein Suasen, in the kingdom of Wurtemberg, and of Mickhaugen, in Bava- ) were left, after the death of Count Albert Francis, to his eldest son, Count Albert, who was, according to the feudal lawe stil! existing in force, the only beir of all the landed property. Count Jean, the second son, faherited only a stall fortano, consisting in a rent, yearly to be paid by bis brotl a “geipneurie” bought for him by his tatber in the kingdom of Bohemia Haviag cojoyed a very good classical education at the Universities of Uewelberg and Erlangen, he entered, in his tweatieth yeur of age, tue Austrian military service, a9 it is the cus- tom for the younger gons of the noble Catholic fam'tios of Germany to do, who regard still the Emperor of Austria as their only “suzzrain,” and despise, therefore, to take service in Prussia, Pavaria, or some other of the small and “young” German States. After a service of fifteen years he left the army with the title of Colonel, and entered the diplomatic career. Being a man of high education, of most refined mauners, wad of a very pleasant cxtertor, ho was used by Prince Metternich for several very delicate missions to the Fmaller conrts of Italy and Germany, and spent several yearsat St Petersburg as Secretary of Legation, In the great revolutionary troubies of 1548-49 he showed his loyalty by retakivg miltary servies, to defend in Italy and Hnugary the vacillating throne of the Hapsburgs. Aller the war, Prince Schwarzenberg, the Premie called Conot Rechberg into bis Cabinet, aud employed his gorvices in the mogt delicate and complicated actions with the Minister Maptentfel, which fluished so hae for Austria and #0 shamefully for Prostia by the socalled Convention of Olmutz. At this time Count Rechberg was one of the intimates of the young Emperor, and was specially protected and patronized by the almigbty Count Grune and the Archduchess Sophie, Through their toflaence he was, iu the begioning of 1855, aept a8 Austrian Plenipotentiary to the German Diet (Dundestsg) at Frank ort, rep!acing the Baron Prokeseh von Osten, and functioned as permanent Presi lent of this. body. La tuts very important position he showed himself to be avery shrewd and talented diplomat! t. ruining almost entirely the political juliuence and power of /russia in the German affairs, and ke Anperial master with Sach fervent tmpetaon that in one of the sessions (f the Dict he drew his sword azainst the Prussian Plenipotentiary, the Baron Ouo you Bismark Echonhaugen, Since that time he waa regarded ti Germany as the most fecited axtagonist of Prussia, an his recall from Frankfort may thecefore be consi fered as 2 sort of con- coséion made to Prussia in regard to ils poliical influence onthe smaller States of Germany aad on the interior polities of Germany in general. Al Ls the Count Rechberg is now over fifty-three yrare old—being born in 1606, on the day of the batue of Jena—he is, pot only in bis character, but also in his ex- terior, rather a young man. His ivflaence ow the young Emperor will be the greater the more his character is like that of his master. Doth are rather impetuous; both very voth by family tracitions decided evemies of oth cespising ant hatiog the imperial ‘‘parve- ine” of Paris; bot men who do not yield even before the mest dreadfal consequences of a general war. Count Jean Rechberg is, by his wife, connected with cue of the mosteminent noble families of Eogland. He married, in 1834, the Countess Barbe, eldesi daughter of ‘the late Themas Jones, Viscount Ranclagh, Baron of Wa- ron. ng up the interest of his THE SECOND REPRESENTATIVE OF AUSTRIA. Prixce Metrensten has been chosen by the Eaperor as the second Plenipotentiary. He is acon of the late Prime Minister of Austria, who died at Vieana on the 11th of Jone, 1859. Afr the dis) n of relations between France and Austria, Baron Hubner, who was then the Auetrian Minister at Paris, bad to take his departure, and on the conclusion of peace, Prince Metternich was sent to replace him. The Austrian Emperor seems to have some n the name of Metternich, and if the son be as clear land vigilant a3 the father, there will be some diiti culty in entrapping him into any views hostile to Austrian interest. THE FINST PRUSSTAN PLENIPOTENTIARY. Count Aurert pe PourtaLes ig at present the Minister Plenipotentiary from the court of Berlin to that of the Tuileries. To become the representative of a great foreign Power in one’s native city is certainly a rare destiny; yet this bas been the fortune of the subject of oureketch, Born at Paris, in 1812, he was sent thither as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the court of Prussia. The Count de Pourtales, entering on the diplomatic carcer at an early age, worked from 1845 to 1848 in the ministry of foreign affairs, where he attracted attention by the extent of his knowledge and by hie command of the two languages used in the German bureaux. He was afterwards appointed Minister Plenipo- tentiary of Earope near the Sublime Porte, and thus enjoyed an early opportunity of employing the varied regources of his mind, as well as his diplomatic tact. Belonging to the number of statesmen who have always desired that Prussia should take an active part and one worthy of her rank in European alfairs, M. de Pourtales, chafing at the period of reaction on which Prussia emtered im 1851, was with- crawn from service at hig own request. In 1854, when the Oriental question gave Prussia an opportunity to com- bat the pretensions of Russia, M de Pourtales returned to public life, and exerted an influence highly favorable to ‘the Western alliance. It is well known that neither he nor his political friends succeeded in heir plans, the 8} tem of strict neutrality for Prussia having prevailed at the royal council. M. de Pourtales then again retired and took part in the reformatory movement, of which the Weekly Press of Berlin was the organ, and which tri- umphe | on the incomigg of the regency. Old age and death, which regenerate diplomatic bodies as they regenerate the socin| body, bad vacated important diplomatic posts in Pruss.a, and this circumstance assisted the recently es- tablished regency, and enabled it to address foreign courts through new representatives. The Paris mis- tion was in the bands of an eminent man, at zealous patriot and a sincere friend of France. Jt is probable that if al) tho ambassadors had been changed, the Paris ambassador would have re- mained at his post, for be possessed tho exact quulities ne- cessary to maintain @ good understanding between the courts of Prussia and France. But death decided other- wise; Count Hatzfelt Laviog repaired to Paris at the com- mencement of the Italian dificuity, without having been recalled, died suddenly im that city, aniversally regretted. Paris was one of the most desirable posts, and one of the moat difficult to fill. The qualifications of Count de Pour- Co tales, who enjoyed the entire coniidence of the Prince Re- Pr euretyy ted him out, and this selection pro- Suess the be] teffect in France as well as jn Pruesia. The eociai position which M. de Poartales occupies in his country is the more importrut since he is married to Ma. demoizelle ce Bethmann Howley, whose father, Minister of Public Instruction, is one of the most inflaential mom Ders of the resent government. ‘THR SBOOND PRUSSLAN REPRESENTATIVE is Baron Schlemitz, a Prussian étateeman and diplomatist, whose voice has frequently been heard in the councils of country. ‘THE REPRESENTATIVES OF PORTUGAL Are Count Lavanapro and the Viscount de Parva, both of whom aro well known in Portuguese politics a3 bright and shining lights. Although neither of these gentlemen has made any very extraordinary Se aide ms field of still their legislative tan eound controversial =. a Cig be — and ac! l. y si cts the side of order and of national right, aod ore can be no doubt that fn every respect they will maintain (he character QC Portagal es « (ree, liberal an indeperdent ration sentative character, Nave Mises» Btn er he Bod t pendence of Bor ton oF paramo perbeps tha! their government bar gelec Hts representeuyes 1D the comm g Oe Those gentlemen, in their ren. ty for fberal Deen with them & quea tuts grouad, them to be THY REPKESENTATIVES OF THE MINOR POWERS Have ait be cled frow agwig the most talented and expert mou of dae varia pationalties; but as yet me comfect Hist 0) Thor names bas Deca mate pu There cau be Bo dosdt, however, May muen y igarming, Blavemanr hip aad Cipleaetic ekill Oo gathered together inthe ballé of Ua 6 zation Tyroughet tie wor kt Will lowk o igs With the Utmost attention aad ADAWty NEWSPAPER ACCOUN Cs. THE POPES PELEGAYES TO THE CINGRESS --THBIR IN STAUCTIONS AS TO POLICY AND ACTION IN THE BODY, RTC {Rome (ec, 20) correspondence: In spite Of ail he contrary rep his Holiness bas Unally determine eotrast the inte of the Holy See, in the eusuing Congress, to the abts bance of Cardinal Anton la, Qoe of tao privoiaal dit culties which hes hitherta preveoted the goveram-at from deciding Upon this step bas doubuess, been the rame which agitated the mind of the immortal Oante bp besitatog *hether or not to accept the em rassy to Rome propesed to him by the F vo chista? se std cha va?” The dis alty of fo equally energetic alter eyo to remain at Rowe dariy atisence has, however, been got over by his En nence, and Monsignor Berard}, Uod ary of Stats, will di rect the beim of the Pontifical government during th» ab. ence of Cardinal Antooolll. Tae departare of ths Papal plenpotatiary is fixed for the 28th of tho preseat mouth, Aud the recently purchased Papal steam oorvetty, Tuo [m- muaculate Couception, will be froightad with the raportant burthen, under the responsibie commant of Captain Cwldi, The personnel of the mission consists, besvdes the Car dinal bimsed!, of Monsigaor Massaat, eae of the © rn=iste: rial advocates, to Keep the plenipotentiaries straight im. Ivgal matters; ano a professet theol maa, Monsigaor Ar righl, for the tuttlage of the spirtaal interests of the church, Monsiguors Capalti and Fraacht have both been named a8 destined to accump any the raission; Bat the re- porl appears to bo uvfounted, ant tae ofliie of second btiary will probably b> reseeved for Moasigaor Papal Nuoeio at Pare members of the mission, besides the Cartinal’s , are Siguor Barluazi, o: ff the peta a “i 3 the Cardia 's brother, Count Angelino Aatoueili; and, foaliy, interpreier, of course, Cifficnlt to know the exact tasteactions u have been drawn up for, or ratner by, Cardinal eof the London Post hicherto preva Antepelli; but the known tenac\'y'of Pavat polisy renters ity rebable that the reperte ig circulation here cangot be far wrong. The tenor of these 1s, that ths Pagal Pleatpy- £08 to Paris to domand the restoration of Qe 85 @ sine qué non for the initiation of any kind sin the ecclesias ument The utter Reforms.” of owe giving You a resumé in my next ieter It tin case OF the Papal Plenipotentia-y meoniag With opposition at this starting point be 18 to witndraw from all other ehare in the Congress, and simply demand bis passports to return to the Eterna) City, where the go vernment of bis Holiness would trust not to be everced into compliance with any decisions of the Congress datri mental to the temporal interests of the church, aut rely on the material means at 18 disposition for the preser. ion of it remaiving dominions, if pot for the subjaga rovinces. Austria and Bavaria are 18 to which this goverument muiuty trusts for of men in the present © y to counter- alance the disattection of the indigenous troops. The government of his Holisees has accepted the pis aller of the Congress ia the present emargency on arcoiat ot the failure of every other practicable solntion of the difficulties in which it finds itself plunged. The rostora- tou of the Papal sway tn the Lowations, vi et pears to be an undertaking beyoud the po Nino's tv cops, whether loreign or indigepous, and the con currence of a French force to accomplish the submission of the rebels is a cuntivgency no longer to be hoped for. A voluLtary return of the revolters to their allegiance is ‘still less to be dreamed of. What, then, remains to be looked to but the Congress? His Holiness, however, in var ably makes most explicit declarations to such persons as obtam audiences of him, and are of eufficient fafluence to enter upon political topics, to the effect that he is under ho engagement or promise whatsoever to the French go nent regarding the ature or extent of the reforms which Ne may or may not consider expedient to grant to his subjects. IMPORTANCE OF COUNT CAVOUR’S PRESENCE IN THE CONGRESS. [Tur (Dre. 24) Correspondence of the London Times. } The Fope, Napics, Spain and Austria were known w be busy negotiating about a common course in the Congress, aud it Was to be suppored that these negotiations were by d Mucaus ip favor of the Italian cause and its champion, your. It was a difficult position even for an energetic Ministry willing to send Cavour. I suppose there is no necessity to prove that the present Ministry is by no means energe tic, but it was not very willing either in the beginning the ¢x-Premier had retired to his eountry place under a cloud. His position with France was spoilt; the Kiag hat never forgotten that Cavour bad forgotten bimself in the inter- View at Monzambano the cay of the peace of Villafranca. The occasion was too tempting Tue rst place was vacant, and well migbt the idea oceur to one or another member of the government to make hay while the sun shone. But thie idea would.probably never have received any coneist- ency had it not been for the pressure which came from the supporters of the Ministry {a Parliament. It 13 bat justice to say that these latter espoused the cause of the leader, avd worked without, and perhaps often agatnst hin, ‘They got up the polemic against Cavour and Retazzi, and one of thom, a member of the E.treme Left, went so far ina newly founded journal, the Stendardo Italiano, that the Minister of the Interior shat his doors to him. ‘The difliculties, therefore, to Cavour’s mission were by no means trifling. Every one was overtly or etly against him; those who were not agaiost him, at any rate, were lukewarm, and no one at all supported bim No, Iam wrong; he fovnd a support in the public opinion of the country,im the voice of Itsly,and #9 strong was this uttered, ani 80 unanimously, that it carried the day. yg were the invitauons for the Congress issued, and the period more or less fixed, when Cavour, who seemed more or less for- gotten, at ast was brought forward. It is im posible to say who took the lend in the matter—nay, the Manifestation was so spontaneous and unanimous that it required no leading Or agitat! Tho discussions in the papers give only a faint idea of the earnestness with which the subject was taken up, and the moral pressure which the nascent public opinion exerciged. In ths polemics of the journals the pergonal side of the question was too promiventiy and disagreeably evident, while in the popa- jar wna the sending of Cavour was only looked upoa as the appomtment of the right man in the right place Vopular instinct pointed to bim as the true representative of the Italian cause in the Congress, az the man from whom mest could be expected, and who was least likely to yield, while he had given so many proofs of boldness that there was no danger of his being totimidated. This unanimity showed chiefly in the new provinces which owe so much to the ex-Premier, aud which are more and more taking the load in tbe Italian cause. When the supporters of the present ministry began their crasate against Cavour, public opinion was rotiged lo resistance, and took go for: midable an aspect in face of the coming elections that the ministry thought it wise to show, at any rate, a disposition to gatisfy the public voice, Accorciugly,’ about taree weeks ago, M. Negri, who has long acted as private + tary to Count Cavour, was sent to Leri to open negotia- tions, at the same time the matter was cautiously brought forward at Paris. Warned by the regency question, care ‘was taken not to compromise the minietry too far, and to leave the question for amicabie discussion. AS none of the Plepipstentiaries were as yct named, there was no ne- cessity for precipicating the matter. As the polemics of the followers of the ministry stil, continued, nay, became more bitter every day, it is not surprising that the ministry got the credit’ of sharing the opposition when it bad given it up in reali- ty. @ public voice demanded clamorously Ca- vour; if it wns refused, whatever came of the Congrets, people would always have remained under the impression that something better might have been got bad Cavour remained—if mthing was obtained it would have been the ministry who would have beou blamed for it; while, if Cavour went and failed, no one could accuse the ministry. Besides, there was the consideration that if any one was able to make the Italians swallow a bitter pillit was the ex: President. Well, all these reasons haying convinced the ministry, if not ite fellowers, the negotiations were carried,on with France. Well knowing that the decision was in the hands of the Emperor, the direct official negotiations with the French Foreign Office were more formality than aaything else, while the real negotiations were directed to obtain the consent of the pis - The first thing to be done was to convince King of the necessity and advisability of such a step, and, through him, make the Emperor inclined to listen. It is scarcely necessary to observe that there was no direct opposition, and there could not be anything shown to prove that the Emperor ‘was not from the first disposed to admit Cavour; nay, in the negotiations with the Freach Foreign Oiliee every- thing too compromising was avoided, so that it would be im le to bring home to this latver any unwillingness. because it cannot be proved there really wasno disinclination to admit Cavour, or whether this was only a feint, I cannot say, but it was only in the evening of the 22d that the Emperor's assont was given, and this led to Cayour’s by the King yesterday. ‘The caure by the Ministry for the delay is that it would have been indelieate to name Cavour betore the other plepipotentiaries were named; in the people no- thing will uproot the idea that this delay was owing to an un thet! ern, grote age the Ministry; whoover has followed with anything like attention the proceedings of this latter daring the last lye montna ‘will only see @ pew proof of indecision timidity ia it. However, Do matter the delays, for they ied to a frst triumph of public opinion, and this triumph is a pledge fur the future. Cavour’s nomination to the Congress is the bejinning of a new era in the Ralian cause. It is arevivalof the Itiaa idea which bas Deen lulled to eleep by the timid pe-tantry tion of the revolted the coun the bs of the present government. Whether his acceptance by the Em indicates warmer feelings towards Italy ahi those lately, or whether it is the summoning of the doctor who is to adminster to Italy ee ie to be prepared again tnian question in his ‘He was one of the reserve, well known aud proved; the situation was critical enough to requira this hrst reserve. ‘Whether it will be suilicient time aione can tell. ‘The ex-Preniler is to leave in a fow days. Not unlikely there will be some more rlersbatwood the two Foreign Offices; bu} this will not alter the fact of nomination and the consent of the Emperor to the RUSSIAN OPINION ON THE DUTY OF THE CONGRESS— THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE POPE NOT TO BE EE NCS a IES Be Ea a BS Se ene eee eee eee eee eee ae eee eee te ee eT Ee eae ee eee eee eee ee eee ee given herself we have reached the eighth month of devyiog her boner, her freecom without the porsibtity Wasquility, or the uviversgl cor tisiity of ideas which Meas ; be reigne througbout the country. Facts are more atubvorn than wor’s. The Prime Minster of Austria thinks that the Testeration of the banished dukes forms the principal Guty ef the Congress, but, in oar bumble opicion, the principal ain of the Congress ehould ba to securo, a3 far us possible, universal peace anstranquillity combined with the repose 11 Hucopo, Wall hat end be attained by the re- tom of the dukes or of the temporal ? ‘That 18 a quertion for aries aaa di RIGHTS OF NEUTRALS ON THE OORAN. . [From the Londoa Post (government orgaa), Dec. 28 } The tobe war with Russia gave rise, atwor a loag iater eal, to much diplomatic discussion respecting the maritime rights both of the belligerent Powers ana of neutral States, Great Britain then, for the first time in her naval history, renounced the exercise of privileges which she bad over before tneintained, as Well 1a theory as in practice ‘Those privileges she waived during the war, and she owt Sormalty abandemed them at ts termindtion. Toe ous Gec arativn appended to the Treaty of Paria was ia fact a how code of maritime law. 1. coutained two inuovations of the bighest importance to the interests of commerce, one of which put an end, we trust for ever, to the barba! rous practice o{ -privateering, while the or secured ia Aime of war the complete inviolability of the neutral flag, Canless it #as employed to cover contraband goods, or unless it war found auempting to break « blockade. Since the Paris declaration was made there bag already been war between three of the Powers which were parties to it; aud it is highly satisfactory to know that, while hostilities serspilounly'cbocrved by alt the boligarents. “Happily, scrupulously observed by all nts. Hay indeed, the Pec ant contest in Italy was of short Piette and itmay be argued thal if it bad Ineted rand spread wiver a diferent result might have fotlowe: But, So tar as it gees, our expericace of the working of the ew system of maritime law has fully answered the ex- pectations of its authors and pronoters in obtaining for the commerce of the world a larger share of freedom ‘and security than it ever epjoyed im time of war before. It wilt be borne in mind by the greater portion of our readers that the government of the United States was ao party to the very importaut alterations in question, The course taken by the Cabinet of Washington in the ter Was indeed somewhat remarkable. At the outbreak of the Russian war, in 1854, President Pierce distinctly re- fused to join in the deciarasion made by France and England, simply and solely ou the ground that the United States cou d pot consent to abandon the right of privateer- jog. Je vas alleged that as America did not, tike the great maritime Powers of Europe, possess a standing Davy, she could not reinquish this ancient mods of war- fase, It was for the same reason that she dectiasd, at the terminstion of the war, to become a party to the declaration issued by the Europsan Powers at Yaris But it will be remembered that sho accompanied that refusal by a proposal of a very extra- ora nary ebaracter, She that although sts would het, in the preseut state of tbe question, relioquish the Tight of privateering sbe was willing to aban-toa altoge- ther the right of seizing te goods of an enemy on the biyh seus, cven When Jaden on board an enemy’s ship provided the maritime Powers of Europe would agree to | this novel proposal: We canagot, said President Plores, | accede to the terms Fou Bow olfer; bat, if you choose wo wbdotish the old rules of masinme law altogether, wet to | give to private property at sea the same privileges which th time of war i€bas upon laud, we are willing to moet you upon thts broad ground; ff you will not neg With us Upon Laose Lertus, we must, Owlug to the pos | position aud circumstances of our country, Maiutaia the | maritime law of nasiops as it at preseat stanox. | The proposal of America, it is wet knowa, was nol ac cepted; we believe, indeed, it was not Seriously entertara- ed by tbe representatives of te buropean Powers woo | sigued the treaty of Paris in 1855. But st appears tobave | attracted novice in avetber quarter; agall events we have pow @ fo; mat proposal from the Haose towne identical ia its terms wih that putforward by Amorica in the year | m question. Whetber the notion was first derived from the vespatches of President Pierce we are bot aware; but that the proposed code of maritime law which has Jately emanated from Bremen is identical in character with that which came from Washington iv 1856 is beyond dispute. ‘The Bremen merebants have, in eflect, repeated the pro- poral of the American divlomatistis—viz:, thatin all fu- ture ware all private property upon the high seas, whether laden on board of neutral or of enemy's ships, should not be liable tocaptre. It is sought, in short, to place all private property a sea on precisely the same footing a8 private property upon land, so as to exempt it entirely from seiznre and contiscation, But it is true that all private property on land is exempt from seizure in time of war? We believe that in theory it is 80; but the practice, even in the most recent times, has been, we fear, the other way, The late war in Italy affords no example ip point, except during the brief invasion of Ube Sardinian termtory by the Austrians at the commence- ment of the campaign; and whether the latter, during their short sejourn op tbe western bank of the Ticino, re- Lgionsly obrerved the rule in question, appears to be extremely doubtful. But daring the Russian war it is no- torions that private property was no’ oaly seized, but wantonly destroyed, at Kertch and other places, by the invacing force ‘We fear it will be difficult, if not im0s- ible, to prevent such occurrences wherever au invadieg force encounters any serious resistance. It cannot be pre- tendeo that during the last great European war private property was, as a general rule, regarded as sacred by hostile armics. We ‘ear that the practice was decilediy the other way, a3 the annals of Spain, and Germany and Rossin can testify. At what period of the world’s history, then, was the rule in question scrupaiously observed? We muet s&k the diplomatists of Washington and the mer- chants of Bremen te enlighten ng upoa thia point, for, 60 far a8 we are aware, |i exits only ia name, co vot for a moment question the abstract justice of roporal now made by the Haose Towns. If they can persoade the great Powers to adopt it they will render a most ioporsant service to the commerce of the world, and they will, no doubt, diminish the chance of future wars. At the same time we do not see that there is at the Preeent time the emaitest probability of any general agreo- ment ef the leading maritime Powers wpon the subject. The iatter must patnraliy be disposed to maintain those rights which, whether erronvovsiy or not, have beea long regarded ag essentis' to success in naval warfare. It has ever been the policy of weaker States, on the other hand, to advooate the curtailment of these rights and ihe com mercial freedom of the at The time may coms whea the arguments of the latter may prevail, but that time has certainly not yet arrived. The State Engineer’s Canal Report. The report of the State Eagipeer upon the canals of tho State was sent into the Legislature yesterday (Friday). In the present condition of oar canals and finances it is a document of much interest to the public. ‘The State Eo- gineer ¢stimates the cost of compicting the canals as fol- lows:— Erie englargemont $535,628 30 116,575 26 Oswego canal... Cayuga and Seneca, 107,802 35, Champlain locks, 75,979 Ov Black river canal, see 430 00 Genesee valley can 24,374 90 Genesee valley extension 5,800 09 Engineering, ten per cent 93,607 38 Contiogencies...... 150,000 00 Land camages. Total. oe $1,879,686 69 in the State Engineer’s report st year made the cost of completicg the canals 906,540 87. ‘The estimate this year reduces this account, after deducting the work done since the last re- port, $46,059 69. This is a new feature in the reports of Engineers. The past experience has been an increase of the estimates as the work progress: 4. Ail the work remaiaing to be done is under contract, except to the amount of $361,170 99. On the Erie Cana}, the Report says, seven feet of water can be te cured the entire length at the opening of nayiga- tion next spring, and the whole work can be done by the spring of 1861—if the tance are provided by the Legisia- ture. The report says the canal may be completea be- tween Albonv and Lockport, and seven feet depth of water (without the full width of channel) be secured from Lockport to Boftelo for $274,250. ‘On the subject of lengthening the Jocks, as has beon propesed, (he report thinks it inexpedient, at least till the enlargement is loished and fits capacity tested. Strange Occurrence at a Funeral. [From the Chicago Times, Jan. 13.) One cf the strangest occurreuces happened yesterday at the funcral of Michel Guthric, who was accidentally ied the day prerions on the Northwestern railway, which we have ever been called upon tochronicle. The faroily of Mr. Guthrie, consisting of a wife and three children, had made extensive arrangements for the ac- commodation of the friands of the at the fuse- ral. Alarge number of carriages and a numerous as- semb.y of mourners were present when the undertaker, Mr. Berry, arrived with the hearse. About the same time, another carriage, containing ® woman richly and fashionably dressed, was driven to the door. The woman alighted and eatered the house. To the astonishment of the assembly, to all of whom she was she greeted the children of Guthrie as her own, ani the greateat Joy, mingled with surprise’ eb seclng t test surp! % ‘The wife, on the other hand, was confounded. Shs knew tot what to say, nor what to think of this endden and strange appearances of one who claimed also to be the wife of the deceased, and who was addressed by his children as their mother. She knew herself to be their stepmother, having been married to their father in due legal form, and in the full confidence that his first wile was dead. This supposition being now overthrown by the sadden appearance of one claiming to ‘de that deceased wife, the other wife began to uporaid the chilaren for not telling her that their mother was li: ‘The real mother (for such the si r was) assured hor that the children were not to blame, as they, as well a3 their father, had reason to believe her dead. She had deserted her husband ia the city of St. Louis, where they Isved, and shortly afterward caused an announcement of her death to be published in the newspapors of that city. But she was not dead. Leaving 8t. Louis, she had lived in Chicago, not knowing that her husband was here uotil she saw the account of his death published 'n the papers yeeterday morning. had come to rectsim her chil- dren and to behold for the last time om earth the form of their father. a ding tanned the stranger indicated that she was at numerous clacs of abandened women who sail of licentions men to revolu. ' | mr date) Mantfesto of the Corrupt A mey to the Charlie: Le ry aan a1] {Frow the Albay Atlas an Arpae, Jan, NEW YORK AY CUAKLESTON. The Richmond im articics about New York politics which evinee an iggorance of matters in tbia State hot very creditable tO any paper or polliteian ciai respectable position, ailuces to the poraibibuy of the mde mission to gents ip the National Convention of oaly a pare of the regular delegation from this sate, appointed by the Democratic State Convention bel at Syracuse in Sep- tember lust, and of making op the reidue of the repro- sentation from the bolting delegations being appomtod under pando Wri 's dietation BY Ite knot of diver- ganizers in the several Copqressiodal «ystricts, The Mas quirer Con fpate self the alscuseion of any euch ques- Wen. We ray bere, once for all, in behalf of thy democracy Of this State, that's wail be represented entire m the Charka- tom Conver tivm by tts own duly and regularly selected dete: aks, or it will not be represented at all. The q iestion gug- gested by the Enquirer cannot be even entorta: aed, Wo do not suppose that even the peretstens and anda. clous falsehoods of the New York News (the porsonal or- gon of Mr. Wood). aides by the always recklcss asser- tions of the Hekarn—wtich went for Fremout ty 1855, and seeridentiy Preparing to Seure-er the organ of an op- prakics pyty in great struggle of 1860—can mislead inte igent political men of ottiee States in rejation to the legitimate orgsnization and the true represeutatives of the democracy of New York. There i# really no contest or d simply by ‘a!sehoud—and that and hallow to tkoetve any fair minds, ‘ facosse ‘hone Bteted in a word:—The usual rrenlar State Convention met at Syractise in September—calied in terms, cot only to nowinate candidates for State officers, but also to de- termine the time and manper of choosing delegat-s to Charleston, and to appoint them if it should so elect. After. diecussion of the avbjoct, It determined, by a iacge eee jority, to appoint delega‘es, and appointed them. Mr. Wood having made & violent effort to secure the control of the State Convention, and finding that he wae utterly powerless, resorted fo ono of thors desperate tricks which characterize the man, and with the ali of bullies and Qghting men from New York, attomptod « Premature organ zation of the Convention. The delogates at large, not being ruffiass dieposed to engage in a quietly fell back and waited ull thia disgraceful scone ‘was over. This outrage finished Mr. Wood, and he was at once deserted and frowned upon by the dclegates who had been cispoeed to act with him.. The regular Couvea- tion was organized, an a}! but two delegates elected to it—WUr. Alvord, who had officiated as Wood's chairm: and Hiram C , of Monroe county—took seats in acted wth it. Mr. Wood’s pretended organization, there- fore, only represented two out of one huatred and twenty-eight delegates. From this fact something of ite impudence and humbug can be inferred. The violent and disgraceful movement of Wood excited intense indignation among the delegates and ol! avd faith. fal democrats who were present. Hon. Daniel S. Dickin- fon, who was jn Syracuse, at once accepted an javitation to appear before the regular Convention and address it im cenunciation of the violer hich had been resorted ta, He and Rdwin Crosvel!, Augns'ns Schell, and othera, im. ucd @ card protesting against the outrage which has Deen attempted. ‘The ettempts which bave sioce been made in some coun- ties to get up bogus del gates on the pretence of friendship fir Mr. Dickineon, haye made it proper for us to say—am we have done on his autbority—that he repudiates all such proceedings as disorganizing, and fully recognises | the regularity of the Syracuse Convention and the delega- tion to Charleston appointed by it. We cantion our democratic friends in other States agaist accepting the conclusion that Now York cannot be | carried for the democratic nominee in the approaching Yresidential campaigy. Taat struggle is to be a mi cne between fidelity to the Union and the constitution, and treacon to both, The sentiment of the people of No York is covservative, and in such astruggle, éf she te treated in the preliminary consultations and arrangements with thefairness due to her position, we say she is more likely than any other Northern State, except California, to cast ber vote for candidate of the Charleston ‘Convention. ‘The New York Tribune of the 9th instant, concedes that the State is doubtful, and only to be carried for the republicans by a most desperate effort. Our people are fully aroused and beartily alive to the necessity of a combination of all patrictic men in favor of the faithful observance of our Constitutional obligations, and the vote of the State cannot be given to Seward or any other candidate of the “irre; conflict” school, if the democrats of the Unton co pi with five electoral vates of New Yurk. The democrats of this State ‘mus be allowed lo manage thir internal party orpantzation in their own way, and faction must not be excouraged from av . * The delegates from New York will go to Charlostom as uneelfsh a body of men as ever exercised delegated power—without disposition to urge personal or State pre- ferences, and only seeking such action and such a nomi- pation as will secure the triumph of the democracy of the nation, and consequently the prosperi(y and parpetuity of the Union. Fully recognizing the claims of the South te the Presidential nomination, they will be prepared cor- dially to sustain any selection trom that section of the Union which its representatives in the Convention may be prepared to recommend. Should the latter deem a nomi- pation from the North more advisable, the representatives. from New York wil! consult with their fellow delegates, controlled by the single purpose of making such a desig: vation as will, in the largest measure, command the com- fidence of the pation aad contribute to a briliant demo- cratic triumph. If with theee ends in view, the choice of the Convention tliould fall upon a statesman of New York—if the wisdom of that body shonic summon from a dignified retirement, to lead the democratic hosts, sucha man 2s Daniel S. Dickinson, or avy other patriotic and giteé gon of this State, it would be more affectation, # would be positively uograteful in us, or the democrats of the State, to conceal: the gratification which such a selection woul: rd, or te fail to recognize the weight of obligation de: upom us. to ratify it by the electoral vote of the ‘Empire State.”* Such a preference—subordinated to the paramount inte- reste ci the party and the country—we may honorably in- dulge; but beyond this the democrats of New York will have no local or State wishes or interests to press upom heir brethren of olher States. Tho present is a crisis for tue Facritice of atl these upon the altar ef the country. ‘We should impugn the inteliigence of prominent politi- cal men of other States, should we suppose it necessary to defend the regular democratic organization of the State and its delegates to Charleston against the imputations of abolitionirm fippantly uttered by such reckless sheets a3 the New York Sews, Richmond and New Yous Heraip. If adelegation, comprising among ite members: and its leading friends such men as Daniel 8. Dickinson, Edwin Croswell, Erastus Corning, David L. Seymour, Judge Parker, Horatio Seymour, Heman J. Redfeld, John J. Taylor, Augustine G. Danby, igha siryker, Augustus Schell, and a host of others ell known sentiments, needs to have the nationality of its principles defended egainst such scurrilous accusa‘ion, then we know not whe 18 above the suspicion of unsoundness. ‘The truth is, the attempts to represent divisions in this State of many years ago, as still continuing, are only made for mischievous purposes, and are most infamous. The split which existed in the party in the State in 1848 was closed by a union of the two divisions in 1849. Another division occurred in 1863, which was only settled in 1866, after the Presidential nomination. The two factions during that division were kxown as “hards” and “softs,” do Wood, im whose behalf and to favor whose bolting schemes impata- tions of unsoundness are pow made against such men as we have named, wasa ‘‘soft.’’ So was Alvord, the Chair- man of his bogus State Convention, and one of the two delegates who auhered to it. The other—Hiram C. Smith, of Mont oe—was a ‘free soiler’’ of 1843 and a “soft”? of 1852-56. But all these past divisions of democrats of this State were long ago settled, and those who now attempt to re- vive them do it for mischief, and are enemies of the par- ty—many of them secretly aiding and co operating with the republicans, or, like Reynolds (one of Weod's con- federates), trying to place the power of the House of Re- presentatives in the hands of an endorser of the infa- mous sentiments of Helper’s book. The democrats of New York frown upon all these efforts to distract their party organization. They are faithful to the constitution of their country mm all its parts, and deem it the duty of ail patriotic men to unite, shoulder to shoulder, in the ap- Pproaching conilict, instead of encouraging faction. Fires In Leavenw. ; Kansas—Loas Over fj From the Leavenworth 7imes, of the 9th iast., we learn that two very destructive fires had occurred in that place. ‘The first occurred at tho flouring mill of Earle & Bunting, in the eoutheastern part of the city. The mill and most of the fiour and grain were consumed, causing a loss im the mill of $20,000, and in the contents of about $10,000. Tho building abd machinery were insured in the Etna In- surance Company for $10,000, and the grain in the Hart- ford for 96,000. By the second fire, which commenced immediately after the crowd had left the scene of the first, in a eee of the city, the brick building occupied by Russell & Co., whoi aman Bs and grocery mer- & Co., bankers; Rees & Allen, attor- ney, and Dr. , Was burned. The building was own- ed by Mr. Whitehead, of Tennessee. The fire commenced in the roof, and most of the gooda were taken out. The Iimes gives the following table of losses: — Metropolis Flour Mills; loss Far} & Buntip, $30,000 Ineured on pul (£ina Co.). 10,000 Insured on grain, ©.) 5,000 Building of Mr. Whitehead ; loss (no insurance) 20,000 Hensley, Ruesell & Co ; lors. vese tee vee 30,000, Hensley, Ruggel! & Co. insured $6,000 in cach of the following St. Louis companies:—Home Mu- tual, State Mutual, Pacific, Union and one com- unknown. Hemin; & Co., bankers; Rees & Allen, lawyers, and Dr. Stiles; loss, 3,000 Insurance ......+ 1,008 Grencteecs LATION. esaee. ‘Loes by thetwo fires...........- Insurance it 41,000 Total loes above insurance $2,000, The Case of the Polish Countess and the Dentist, SUPERIOR COURT—SPECIAL TERM. Before Chief Justice Bosworth. = te egg bet soug’ compel business of anvalleged a rufiansm and is suse