The New York Herald Newspaper, January 11, 1860, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OLLIOK N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON 8TS Money sent by mai? wil? deat the ot received as aubscription TERMS. cash tn tisk of the sender. 1 money. THE DATE HERALD. two cents per THE WEERLY HERALD. every Satur ‘or $3 per annum; the Buropean Bain Ql nts e-nis per copy. $4 por annum to an: er 85 to any partes the Continent otn to ‘California Exttion on the Sth and Buth of Or $B per annuin PUA PAMILY HERALD on Walacclay, at four conta per or $2 per annum MoLUN PART CORRESPONDENCE, containing tmportant Mews, solicited from any of the ‘world: 4 uscd, will be id for. BGe Cue PORFIGN CORRMSPONDERTS ARB Pansecviax:y sequester 10 Skat 4.6 Larrens amp Page AGES SENT Ws. 20 NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence We do not amu ications, ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every day; advertisements in Wreecr Hemaca, Faulty Menato, and in the European i. rLNG with neatness, cheapness and de- ——————— Volume KEW ........ cee ceee eee ee es -No.10 AMUSEMENTS TILIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Rors ano Greats oF tus Passext Day—Wowan's Wuims—Renoezvous, WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond atreet.— Ovronoon, WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Horsamp to Oupeu—tesu Post. ze KEENE’S THEATRE, 624 Broadway.—Jeanum ne. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Loap oF tus Tstas—Hanky BuaNuaM—BRiAN O'LiAN. BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—Afier- . Roon—Ticar & ASCENSION—ALL THAT CLITrEKs 18 Not Gow. Kveving—Ticut Rore Ascension—AuL fuar Guit- tens 1 Not Goub—Camr at Cuatons, BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway— Buusesqens, boncs, Dances, &c.—Dawon ano Prtaias, WIBLO'S SALOON, Broadway —Gro. Oanisry's Min. Breew or Soncs, Daxces, Boxiusques, &o.—alns. Dar's Naw Year Cauid ror 1860. QOOPER INSTITUTE. —Dn. Scuprn’s LECTURE ON THE (Customs, SUPERSTITIONS AND AMOSEMENTS Ov INDIA, POLYTEOBNIO INSTITUTE, Brooklyn.—Daarron’s Pas- Loe OPERAS —SENOK ULIVIRRA. NEWARK THEATRE, Ne Ermiorian Boxes, Dances, hc. ——Woon's MINSTRELS IN Tee Pirer Parver Povce. Kew York, Wednesday, January 11, 1860, The News. We publish among our telegraphio despatches brief particulars of a shocking catastrophe that happened at Lawrence, Masa., yesterday. About five o'clock in the afternoon, the Pemberton Mills at that place fell with a sudden and awful crash. ‘There were some seven hundred peraons at work in the milis at the time of the catastrophe, and it is supposed that at least two hundred were killed outright, while many others were shnckiogly muti- lated. During the evening the ruins of the fallen building took fire, and many of the unfortunate Victims of the catastrophe doubtless perished ia the flames, as no relief could be afforded. Our reports of the debates in Congress yester- day are full and interesting. In the Senate Mr, Pugh’s resolution respecting the Territorial laws, ‘and Mr. Harlan’s amendment thereto, directing in- quiry as to the expediency of permitting all Terri- torial officers to be elected by the people of said Territories, were taken up, and Mr. Green, of Mis- souri, made a speech in opposition to the proposi- tion, and in fact generally in opposition to the squat- ter sovereignty doctrine as promulgated and advoca, ted by Senator Douglasandothers. Before Mr.Green had concluded his remarks, the Senate went into executive session and confirmed a number of un- important appointments made during the recess of Congress. The nomination of Mr. Charles J. Faulk- ner, of Virginia, as Minister to France, was sent in by the President. It was appropriately referred, and will probably be definitively acted on to-day. Phe Fan sctstuu to discussing the existing rela- tions between the North and the South, Mr. Gar- trell of Georgia, being the principal speaker. The Legislature has not as yet got into werking order, and but little was done yesterday besides the presentation of petitions and the notices of bills. We refer to our despatches and reports for details. ‘We publish some interesting news from Mexico, dated at Monterey 9th, Mexico city 19th, and Vera Cruz 23d ult. The reception of the new American treaty produced a high state of excitement in the two last named cities—the liberals rejoicing over its completion, while the church party denounced its provisions in the strongest terms. Indeed, it will be seen that the Miramon government has formally protested against the paper. The fighting all over the country had subsided in some measure. Our correspondent in Monterey farnishes particu- lars of the late capture of a convoy of arms by Gen. Zoazua, when on the way from Matamoros to the Gret named city. Gen. Zaragona made a disastrous retreat afterwards, The defeat of the liberals, under Degollado, near Queretaro, was more com- plete than at first reported. The military, civil and social distractions resulting from the long con- tinuance of the revolution are described, and another appeal made for an active intervention from the United States. ‘The Quaker City arrived from Havana yesterday with news to the 5th inst. Very severe and disa- greeable weather prevailed at Havana, which af- fected the produce market somewhat injuriously. Old sugars were firm, but the market heavy. Ex- change on New York was at from three and a half to four per cent. The new postal arrangements, which went into effect on the lst of January, will diminish the charge on letters to and from the United States. The Captain General had returned from his tour in the interior. We have news from the West Indies dated at Kingston, Jamaica, on the 10th ult. The business of the Legislature engrossed all the interest that attaches to local events since the date of our last. A bill had been introduced for the encouragement of immigration from abroad. The return of exports shows, with the single exception of the article of coffee, the exports for the past year to have been materially under those of 1858, and, with the ex- ception of ginger, largely under those of 1857. The falling off in sugar, as compared with 1858, is 4,187 hhhds., and with 1857, 1,614 hhds. ‘The Board of Supervisors met last evening, and wrganized for the year by choosing Mr. Stewart, re- publican, President, and re-electing Joseph B, Young Clerk, and Henry Mathews Sergeantat- rms. Upon a motion to appoint a committee to motify the Mayor that the Board was organized for Husiness, Mesers. Purdy and Kennedy indulged in ome ill-natured remarks respecting the Mayor's wpinion of the Supervisors, as expressed in his mes- wage to the Common Council. The motion was faadopted, however, and Mr. Purdy was appointed ‘one of the committee. Upon their return the com- tnittee reported that the Mayor thanked the Board, * Shut bad no communication to make. The President ‘announced the names of the members of several of the it committees; and after the transac- tion of some unimportant business the Board ad- ‘The Board of Ten Governors received a report esterday from the Warden of the City Prison in- forming them that he has established a library in that institution for the use of the prisoners. The ‘eacape of two inmates of the workhouse, named Edward Kennedy and Robert Scott, was also re- » ported. A communication offering to exterminate vata from the institutions was received and re- ferred. A resolution was passed authorizing the @ppointment of a committee to prepare what sng: gestions they may deem necessary for presentation Neen rennet ‘ NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY Il, 1860. to the Legislature on the subject of altering the act establishing the Board of Ten Governors. Much warm discussion originated with a resolution re- quiring members to present bills for liquors, wines and segurs persoually ineurred by them at the pub- lic expeuse to the Board for approval. The Board finally agreed to curtail the expenses of each mem- ber for “ refreshments” to $260 @ year, The num- ber im the institutions now is 8,148—an increase of 166 during the week. The apparatus for the time ball to be placed on the Custom House is nearly completed, and is in process of ‘construction by the Messrs. Chester. It is acurious circumstance that during the pre- liminary and necessary examiuation in the attic of the Custom House a large room was discovered under the roof, to which there was hitherto no ac- cess, and which now will be advantageously occu- pied by the Collector in storing away all the old useleas documents of his department. ‘The sales of cotion yesterday embraced about 1,100 bales. The market closed with steadiness, on the basis of 114¢c. for middiing uplands. The receipts at the ports Since the Ist of September last have reached 2,308,000 or, over one-haif of the whoie estimated crop of 1669-60, ‘against 1,051,000 bales (or the same period in 1859, and 1,146,000 in 1858. The exports since September 1, 1869, have reached 1,226,000 bales, against 1,005,000 for the Game period iast year, and 684,000 in 1868. The stock on hand amounts ta,990,000 bales, against 770,000 last year, and 607,000 in 1658. The value of the crop in 1850-60, already received in market, at tho ave- rage value of lic. per lb. or, $50 per bale, ameunts to the large sum of $15,400,000; and the value of the 1,226,000 bales exported at the game average price amounts to $61,300,000. Flour was heavy, and busi- ness moderate, while State and Western brands closed at a decline ot about 6 cents per barrel. Southern flour was in good request, while prices were unchanged. Wheat waa heavy and sales limited. Corn was also dull and heavy. Pork was lees active, and buoyant ; sales of mess wore made at $16 26 a 316 37 ; and of prime, at $11 75 a $11 80. Sugars were firm, and sales of hogsheads were limited. About 3,500 bags Manila were rold for refining on private terms. Coffee was steacy, with moderate sales. ‘Tho stock of Rio embraced 37,050 bags, with 33,250 mats, and 1,020 bags Java, and 85,010 packages of all kinds combined. Freights were stead: \t rates unchanged. The Political, Fimancial and Social Condition of the Country—Special Re- ports to the Herald. Our country is at this moment in one of those crises which sometimes decide the fate and always unsettle the affairs of mations. History is not without its parallels for the present con- dition of the model republic; and it appears to many sensible and practical men that we, in the first flush of our young glory, are on the verge of the abyss in which the proudest ancient nationalities were engulphed. It would be idle to deny that there is a marked difference of opinion upon certain so- cial questions between the people of the several sections of the country; and It islikewise patent that this difference, at first purely philanthro- pic and philosophical, has been seized upon by the trading politicians of both parties to foment discords, to incite treason, to stir up sedition, and to promote insurrection, imcendiarism, blood and rapine. These vile doctrines, as set forth in Mr. Seward’s bloody and brutal Rochester manifesto, have been practically carried into effect by the John Brown invasion of Virginia—an act which is hailed by a large portion of the republican party as the com- mencement of the irrepressible conflict pre- dicted by Mr. Seward. As might naturally be supposed, this infa- TsIvorel~gT Viale Vas, lor the dime being, over. ridden every other topic of the day. It finds its way into the halls of Congress and the busi- ness correspondence of the merchant; it is talked over by the fireside of the farmer; it is the prime topic of discussion in the journals, the clubs, the pulpit, the tavern cliques and the village debating societies, from one end of the country to the other. It has seemed to us that it would be very de- sirable to ascertain the effect of this state of things upon the people of different parts of the country, and to draw, if possible, from the facts themselves, some general deductions as to the probable veeult to the political, financial and social affairs of the Union. But where to ob- tain the fasts? In the most peaceful times a naked fact is almost the most difficult thing to be had in the world. Now, it would appear almost an impossibility for any one to arrive at any definite conclusion as to the feeling of the country from the usual sources— the newspapers and the debates in Congress. As for the former, it is a melancholy fact that, out of the metropolis, there can but rarely be found an independent, self-sustaining journal. The editors write, therefore, to suit their pecu- Nar locality or their especial patrons, generally small politicians. The debates in Congress are not more reliable than the newspaper ac- counts, and for similar reasons. One member tells us that the whole South is ina state of feverish agitation bordering upon open rebel- lion. Another says that the recent occurrences have created in‘his State, Georgia, no particular excitement. Senators from Wisconsin and Mas- sachusetts deny that any considerable portion of théir constituents sympathize with John Brown; while, on the other hand, we learn that in these same localities he is canonized asa saint, and his gallows is exalted to a pitch of sanctity only exceeded by that allotted to the true Cross. In this state of things the public in secking for information looks naturally to the metropo- Nitan press, the only press worthy the name in the country. Such a journal as the New Yore Henatp should spare no pains nor expense.to supply accurate information upon all impor- tant matters, and especially upon the vital questions at this ‘moment agitating the contederacy. That has always been our well settled principle. Acting upon this principle, we have resolved to give, during the present winter, an accurate and faithful daguerreotype of the state of the Union; and to bring about this end we have despatched Special Reporters to the South, the North, the East and the West. They will inquire fully and report faithfully the state of the public mind, the effect of the present ex- cltement upon the planters of the South, the farmers, traders and manufacturers of the Kast and West. They will gather the opinions of all sorts of men, and will place them clearly and intelligently upon the record. Their ‘reports will be entirely umprejudiced and dispassion- ate, and they will describe things as they are. In the present state of affairs, the value of auch communications can hardly be over- estimated. The Hexaip Reporters may do more towards preserving peace on this part of the earth, and good will among men, than all the colporteurs and missionaries ever sent frem the metropolis into benighted regions. We ask only that our Special Reporters, who will be properly accredited, mgy have free acccas to all facts and statistics bearing upon the questions which they may examine, and that they may be treated with the courtesy which obtains among gentlemen, and which is nowhere bet- ter understood thaa in the South. We present to-day the firet instalment of our correspondence, in the shape of several very ia- teresting letters from the States of Peunsylva- nia, Wisconsin and Miinois. We have also a timely letter from New Orleans, describing the present aspect of trade in the Queen City of the South. The letters from Pennsylvania and the West will be found to contain some curious political speculations. Our Special Reporters are at work, and we shall lay the results of their investigations before the country with all possible despatch. Concressionat. InvestiGations.—Investigat- ing committees were appointed during the last Congress to examine into various abuses, in- volving improper expenditure of money to the amount of several hundred thousands of dol- lars, in different departments of the federal government. There was a committee to inquire into frauds connected with public priating, whose labors brought to light grave peculations and robberies, resulting, we believe, in the in- dictment of several persons. There was, for the Navy Department, a Brooklyn Navy Yard Investigating Committee, resulting in the dis- covery of profligacy of expenditure and rascally distribution of patronage by which the country was annually swindled out of very large sums of money. Then there was the Willett’s Point and Fort Snelling overhauling in the War Department, with the finale of which our read- era are acquainted. If the manifold iniquities in all branches of government had been pro- perly examined into, a hideous aggregate of guilt would have been made to appear. Unreflecting persons might be inclined to attribute the blame for this abominable state of things to the heads of departments. This would be unjust, for their hands are gene- rally pure, as far as deriving gain from their high position is concerned. Each President of the United States calls a new Cabinet into existence, whose mémbers find affairs, in their different spheres, in the state they were left by their predecessors. They are igno- rant of the details of business, and the inge- nuity of roguery so completely covers over the means that are employed to defraud the treasu- ry, that whole terms may pass away without Cab- ihat ‘are glaring to each subordinate under him. It is, in fact, by these very subordinates that the mechanism of robbery has been con- trived, and is made to werk smoothly, without unnecessary noise. They are the legacies that have been left by one corrupt democratic ad- ministration to the other, until they fill nearly every berth in the public gift. Long impunity has brought them into a firm and incurable be- lief ina sort of “divine right” of bribery and dishonesty. They are better acquainted than their superiors with the routine of office, and, leagued as they are with outside plunderers, so avail themselves of the confidential know- ledge which their positions enable them to ob- tain, that, with small salaries, they frequently amass considerable fortunes. There ought to bea clean sweep made of these old stagers, and new, pure men put in their places. From the de- partment of the Secretary of State through to that of the Postmaster General, there is no- thing but worm-eaten timber, and there is no other remedy than to have it all removed and sound material put in its stead. It is probable, after the House of Represen- tatives is organized, that nearly a score of more or less atrocious schemes or systems of pecu- niary corruption will be brought up, and that a considerable portion of the time and labor of members of the present Congress will be spent upon the investigating committees appointed to examine into them. There is little doubt that a committee will be requisite to inquire into the working of the plan for registering moneyed letters, and especially into the details of management of the New York Post Office. The shameful manner in which Custom House Inspectors, and officers generally, are permit- ted to impose upon, insult and rob strangers, to examine their persons and carry off their pro- perty, acquiring large gains from peculation, pil- fering and official burglary, cannot be too close- ly looked into. When the time comes we shall be prepared to give some hinis, and to aid in throwing light upon this subject, There are many other points which the people will look to Congress to have cleared up; but, in the meanwhile, if Cabinet members wish to avoid future trouble, let them substitute distrust for the confidence they now piace in many so-call- ed “experienced” men in their employ, and adopt the suggestion we have made with regard to their removal. Protection To EwtGRants ND Srrancers,— The proposition of Mayor Wood, contained in his message to the Common Council on Monday, to establish a burean in the Mayor’s office for the protection of emi- grants and strangers, is an admirable one. The frauds and ewindling to wiich this class are constantly subjected in the metropolis is one of the greatest blots upon the escutcheon of our municipal government; and when we consider the large number of strangers, whether from different parts of our own coun- try or from foreign nations, visiting New York during the year, the necessity for the protec- tion of such parties is at once obvious. Probably the number of strangers temporarily sojourning here for different periods throughout the year is equal to the resident population of the city proper—that is to say, nearly nine hun- dred thousand. The Mayor of New York, then, is not alone the chief magistrate to whom the people of New York have to look for proteo- tion, but an official whom the vast number of a transitory and still more defenceless people— foreigners and straugers—have todepend upon for security, The office of the Mayor of New York—if kis powers were not crippled by the infamous legislation of a set of petty country politicians at Albany—would be hardly second in importance to that of the chief executive of the republic; and it is eminently proper that he should be enabled to extend sufficient protec- tion over the immense concourse of people who annually come within the exercise of his juris- diction. We hope, therefore, that the Common Coun- cfl will acquiesce in the suggestion of Mayor Wood to establish a bureau for the protection of emigrants and strangers. West Port Sropres ap Tue Arr or War.— Under the direction of the President the Se- eretary of War has ordered a board of scien- tifle and experienced officers to meet to-morrow at West Point, for the purpose of revising the programme of instruction at the National Mili- tary Academy at that place. ; This measure has been rendered necessary by the changes which are constantly going on in the military art, the progress of science, and the great and continued developement of the country we have to defend, Mr. Buchanan ap- preciates at its right value the military spirit of the age, and is determined that our youth shall be trained at the Military Academy with a complete knowledge of the means and appli- ances which science and practice ere introduc- ing in the art of offensive and defensive war. He has appointed the board which is to revise the plan of study for the cadets from among the best and most esteemed officers of the army and in civil life. Colonel Delafield is now the Superintendent of the Academy, and Major Mordecai is also one of our most distinguished scientific officers. Both of these were on the military commis- sion sent by the government to Europe dur- ing the war in the Crimea. Major Emory is well known to the country for his services in the topographical examinations and boundary surveys in the West. Captain Cullum has commanded the company of sap- pers and miners at West Point for several years, and during a portion of this time has acted as Superintendent of the Academy. Claudius Croset, Esq., is a French gentleman of high scientific attainments, who was for several years, in times past, professor of civil and military engineering at the Academy, and has since held the post of Chief Engineer of the State of Louisiana for eight or ten years, and subsequently the same in Virginia, and from his long experience has been en- trusted with the charge of many public works in the country. G.W. Smith, Esq., commanded the company of engineer soldiers in Mexico during the war, serving also on the General Staff, after which he was for five years princi- pal assistant professor of the art and acience of war, and of military and civil engineering at the Academy, and is now Street Commissioner of this city. The Board is called to meet at West Point on the 12th, and has authority to adjourn to New York for the prosecution of its labors, should it deem proper to do so. Its duties are of a most important character, involving, as they do, the HraRLOR, 26 LAMP ARG oP" the sountry, oF the care of its honor and glory abroad, and the President has exhibited his usual good judg- ment in the selection of the men to compose it. Arrams my Uran.—Our special correspon- dent has sent us some interesting intelligence from Utah, including the annual message of Governor Cumming to the Territorial Legis- lature, a document which does not possess any very extraordinary interest outside the Terri- tory, beyond the reference to the frequency of murders, deeds of violence and horse ateal- ing, in Salt Lake City and the neighborhood of Camp Floyd, the location of General John- ston’s army, the perpetrators of which crimes, the Governor remarks, manage to elude justice with great facility, thus endorsing the language of the Secretary of War in his recent report, when he says that the preservation of right and justice through the means of any jurisprudence known by the people of the United States is impossible in Utah, which is governed by a system in total disregard of the constitution or laws of the land. The Mormon Territory is almost entirely free from Indian outrages; yet, strange to say, de- predations upon property and assaults upon human life are more common there than in any other of our Territories, notwithstanding the presence of the federal army in the vicinity of Salt Lake City. Our Utah news comprises an account of the organization of the Territorial Legislature, showing that, contrary to the conceived idea, the great majority of its members are Ameri- cans by birth. The most satisfactory feature in the late Utah news is the fact that the spirit of revolt against the laws and authority of the federal government which compelled the march of a hostile army to the Territory is no longer manifested, that army standing now, as Secre- tary Floyd says, in the attitude of a menacing force towards a conquered and sullen people. Enauisn Orera tv Calsvorsi.—The New Orleans Eog- ligh opera troupe, of which Miss Rosalie Durand is the prima donna, had, on the 20th of December, concluded a seagon of one hundred and twenty nights in San Francis. coand the interior cities. The Messrs. Lyster, managers of the company, retarned to the Eastern States by the Atlantic, and will go to Europe to engage some new artists. ‘The company, thus reinforced, will commence a new season at San Francisco in the spring. The first season was a very successful one. Freven Orxra at Montreat.—Mr. Sage, late director of the French theatre in this city, has organized a French opera company for the Provinces, with ¢he piquant M’lle Darcy as the premiere chantante. The first representations of this company will be given almost immediately at the ‘Theatre Roya), Montreal. Loxs Monts at Hopoxey.—Madame Lola Montez will deliver ber celebrated lecture upon “ Fashion,” at Odd Fellows’ Hall, Hoboken, this evening. Arrivals and Departures. From Hi i tho Seaman, Qu ak BE Pater. om Havana, io uaker | a . EM Johns, Lewis, F Alcantaid, Sticsar? Goulding WW Wilmot, MJebbston, i Deoay, Mise B Herring. From Sayannsb, tn whe stexmshlp Ploride—Captain Harte- tolne U GN Mee K Spauatapy Mian nny backer, PL Warden, Mrs Hogt ind five children, Mra Tuthill, Mrs Baker, M Nor’ wall, WL Dudley, OL Taylor, J Calley, Mr Gordon, ‘Wel- ler, 8 Btera, JB Fullerton, Mise List and child, BR Facil], M Stevens, W W Nelson, A Tood, AG Foote. Mr Hunter, Mr Cullen, JF Blaney, Jas Field, A Ran- som, 4B Cooly, G A Dicky,'A Moser, M yw, te ‘ Mr. Levy, J Uflendaie—and 21 ia the sicerage. For Liverpool, in the steamhip North Beitoa, from P. ‘or ne Ne "ort. land—Messrs F Bovneh,, Willan Pais am mm Bios Francis Haffper. Mr Holt, wife and child; “Fooeun Ne 8 _, and Lye glad fi." York; Colonel pies t lo- ran, wife, three \ ‘servant wo, Giiltee, aod tr Levaquin, of enous NEWS FROM WASHINGTON. INTERESTING DEBATES IN CONGRESS, Revival of the Question of Squatter Sovereignty in the Senate, Speech of a Georgia Fire-eater on the “ Irrepressible Conflict.” APPOINTMENTS CONFIRMED BY THE SENAT, NOMINATION OF A MINISTER TO FRANCE, &, &e., bo. Our Spectal Washingtem Despatch. Wasmcror, Jan. 10, 1860. ‘Tum APRAKKRSIP. ‘The failure to unite the elements opposed to Mr. Sher- man leaves the House in its original and ohaotic condition. ‘The day has been spent in angry and unprofiteble debate about the irrepressible nigger, no ballot being taken, aud but slight effort being made for one. Mr. Scranton, of Pennsylvania, who represonts rather « conservative district, has the floor to-morrow. He will ropel the charge of insincerity mado. upon those gentle- men who loft Sherman to vote for Gilmer same ten days ince, and will define his position for steadily voting for Sherman after the resignation of Mr. Grow, and present certain Union resolations adopted at a Union meeting in his district, as embracing the sentiments of the republi cang of Pennsylvania. CONPIRMATION OF AFPOUNTSENTS. ‘The Senate in executive session to-day confirmed a large batch of Consuls, Postmasters and District Attorneys appointed during recess; among othors, Judge Bresse as District Attorney for Northern Ilinois. ‘The appointment of Mr. Grund as Consul to Havre was taken up, and owing tothe absence of a number of Senators was rejected. A motion was immediately made to reconsider it, pending which the Senate ad- journed. ‘TE MINISTER TO FRANCE. ‘The President has seut the@imme of Charles «Faulkner a5 Minister to France. It was referred to the proper committee, and will probably be reported back and con- firmed to morrow. ‘THE SENATE PRINTER. learn this evening that Mr. Bowman’s name will be withdrawn as Senate printer, and Joha C. Rivea’ substi- tuted in his place. Some of the Senators protest against this, Mr. Rives basa large printing establishment, and can proceed at once with the work. This move is un- doubtedly a blow at Wendell, and if successful will operate seriously against him, as it will leave bis large printing establishment upon his hands without a dollar's worth of work to do, OUR RELATIONS WIM NEW GRANADA. Despatches were received this morning at the Depart- ment of State from our Minister in Now Granada, The pending questions between tho two governments are ap- proximating to a speedy and satisfactory adjustment. The present government will use its bust endoavors to urge upon the attention of Congress, which is shortly to as- semble at Bogota, an early ratification of the Cass-Herran treaty, and the opinion is that it will be speedily ra- tifled. General Jones urges upon the administration to change the day of the departure of the mail steamer to Aspia- wall from the 5th and 20th to the 10th and 25th of each month. This would enable him to get his correspondence five days sooner than he now does, but it would throw all the mails for the other South American republics fifteen days later. As the interests of the majority must be con- sulted, Mr. Holt will hardly adopt the recommendation of the Minister to Bogota. No intelligence was received at the Department of State by the Atlantic’s mail from Central America. DESPATCHES FROM THE HOME AND PACIFIC SQUADRONS. The Navy Department has received despatches from the commanders of the Home aud Pacific squadrons. They report matters connected with their respective sta- tions as in a healthy and flourishing contition. ‘THE MARYLAND LEGISLATURE AND HER DELEGATES IN CON- GEES. ‘The resolutions offered in the democratic Maryland Legistatare bY. 2. 2° O08 tor Mi bdininistration domo. crat for Speaker, if they pass both branches, will be assailed in the House, it is said, by Mr. Davis, of Mary- land, fm a speech. KANSAS POLITICIANS. General Pomeroy has arrived here from Kanzas. He is the prominent candidate for the United States Senate, with Mr. Parrot, tho present delegate from that Territory, from the nérthern half of Kansas, and Governor Stanton and General Lane are the Principal candidates in Southern Kansas. Pome- roy will have nearly all the republican members north of the Kansas river, and some strength south of that point. Mr. Parrott’s main republican strength lies in Douglas county, but he has assurances of democratic votes from Leavenworth county. Governor Stanton, in tho south, will eplist all the conservative members, while Lane will depend upon the radicals, and in catering to them, says, as I learn by private letters, that he is so com- pletely abolitionized he is ready to have his body made into orossties for the underground railroad. 8. N. Wood, member of the Legislature elect, in reply to this, said, in ® public speech, that the timber would be 80 rotten it would never do to take it, even for that purpgse. ‘THE RIVAL OVERLAND EMIGRANT ROUTES, ‘The opening of the new emigrant road by Captain J. H. Simpson, of the Topographical Engineers, extending from Camp Floyd, south of Salt Lake City, to Carson valley, in ‘Utah, and the statement in the late annual report of the Secretary of War, that the route is shorter by two han- dred and fifty miles than the Old South Pass and Hum- boldt river route, and especially that it is well suited for the passage of the ox team emigration, is likely toprodase quite a controversy between the advocates of the rival routes. Jtappears, by a comparison of accurate maps and distances, that it is only between Camp Floyd and Carson valley that the route of Captain Simpson is shorter ‘than the old road, and that it is not shorter as an emigrant road from the South Pass to the eastern boundary of California. It is asperted as a fact that all the stock drovers and ox team emigrants prefer the Old Piatte val- ley and Humboldt river route by the South Pass, which does not touch Camp Floyd at all. Colonel Lander’s improvement of the great overland road, by the construction of cut offsto shorten it and avoid deserts, is highly spoken of. Three thousand emi- grants passed over it during the past year, to California and Oregon, without serious loss of stock. It furnishes an abundant supply of grass and water. ‘The whole subject of the construction of this and other Wagon roads will be investigated by Congress, if the ‘House is ever organized. THY TERRITORY OF NEVADA. The bill introduced by Senator Gwin yesterday, pro- viding for a Territorial government for Nevada, is the same as that reported inthe last House of Representa- tives. THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SoctETY. ‘The United States Agricultural Society will commence their eighth annual meeting to-morrow, in the Smithsonian Institution. THE FREE NEGRO QUESTION. ‘The City Council, apprehending that legislation in the slave States against free negroes would have the effect of increasing the numbers of that class in Washington, took initiatory measures to prevent such immigration; but a recent authoritative exposition of the city charter shows that it gives no power of prohibition, and that legislation on that subject must be confined to prescribing, in ad- vance, such reasonable terms and conditions of residence as may tend to repel the idle and disorderly, THR PRESIDENTS LEVER. The President's levee was very well attended this even- ing, considering the small number of atrangers in the city: It is asserted to-day, upon the best authority, that Me" Hamilton, of Texas, who was nominated for Speaker by Mr. Davis, of Indiana, is not an anti-Lecompton democrat. nor in favor of equatter sovereigaty. This fact excites some talk from the fact that Mr. Donglas was on the floor of the House consulting with bis confidential friend Davis when the latter nominated Hamilton, and must have been posted as to the views of Mr. Hamilton. The question is, who is cheated ? ‘THR MAIL CONTRACTORS. ‘The report that the mail contractors bw secured an ox tension of their paper for sixty days turns out to be a mis. take. At a mecting of the contractors, held this eveniag, at which nearly all the heaviest interests were represeat- ed, noone appeared to have a knowledge of any such ex tensions. Every day brings intelligence of the failure tof contractors all over the country, and those present in this city are in deepair lest the same fate overtake them be- fore ap organization will be alected, THIRTY-FIRST CONGRESS. Semate. Waaauraton, Jam. 10, 1860.. ‘The attendance was full. Several momorials and petitions were presented. ‘THE HOMESTEAD BILL. Mr. Jomwson presented a petition in favor of the Home- ead bill. ‘TERRITORIAL APPAIRS—THE SLAVERY QUESTION. Mr. Pugh’s resolution was taken up, ‘The question being upon the amendment of Mr. Hariam, Proposing the election of all Territorial officers by the people, ‘Mr. Guaxx, (dem.) of Mo., addressed the Sonate. Hie threatened to build upa power revolutionary in its charae- ter. There was something plausible and flattering te the human mind in the term “popular sovereignty,” but when traced to ita legitimate consequences, whem exa- mined with reference to the history of the country, it BH il iH ie al BH i Hl z ES ECT Eng Ft ‘ A ti Fee i Hf H 2 : 5 j oF 18 ings of friends, and separate those who ought to together in # common conflict. There were of a more serious character staring them in the f cuemy striking at the institutions of the South, endangering the solidity of the government, getting up a furore of feel- pg and fanaticism, which even those who had stirred the storm could not control and check. If it continued and increased as it progressed, in the future as it had im past, tbe government itself could not survive. It therefore ought to behoove all mot to bring up abstrac- tions —questions not upen ‘because ot them absolute -—on account of the present condition of the country. While the ship of State was in the nt | while the’ breakers threatened to overwhelm it, let hands work until it should pass to the summer sea, and then if the questions remained they could be settled, ‘This question ought not to bave been’ thrust but being brought forward, and the effort made to in- fluence public sentiment, would be derelict in aut they permitted it to pass it & proper correction; even tbat correction would be made in the kindest spirit i : k 5 st This subject had beon first introduced at Freeport, in Illinois, by the distinguished Senator from Lilinois. Up to that time the democratic party had been a unit \ upon it. No man, since the decision of the Dred Scot case, had even hinted that there was apy power in & Territory, or in Congress, to prohibit slavery therein. Before the Dred Scott decision he knew there was a reme Pendition in 1856, not one single republican had ever claimed that power except as derivative from the organis act. Not one claimed that the power existed either in Congress or in the Territories. The Senator from Illinois, remarked that the people of a expression, not matured and not intended to have a as subsequently Geveloped. 4 Aa such tbey wore disposed to let it pass as an up, ox; debate, alter the canvass in Illinois to be buried vion. But at the last session it was eps eee, briefly discussed, and even then they were it sleep forever, because, 80 far as the question itself concerned, he and others believed suecessfully met and the public mind might be there n after essay, and argument after argument; and Senator from Ohio (Mr. Pugh) bad brought it up in this body, and made an ihge- nious and able speech again; and all of it was Sorikatn Sat st Gheiaea id" epades savine tant ment. This he thought must and ought to be batted. Up to the adjoorament of the last pason of Km ry seul, fncluding ‘the Senators from Iilinols an4 Ohio, as- ser ey 001 & probibitory actexclude slavery from the Territories,” 5 ‘Mr. Pvcn, (dem.) of Ohfo, remarked that the Senator was mi a. Mr. Grxen did not think be was. They proposed to do it by unfriendly legislation—by ‘Alecrlnsinstiog taxation. f they could discriminate, where was their power to con- trolit? He found, upon examining the Oregon bill, passed, in 1848, and the Wasi Dill, passed in 1843, drawn, reported, advocated and sustained by the Senator from Illinois, various limitations upon the power of s Territo- rial government. All taxes were required to be equal and uniform, witb no distinction between the différent kinds of property. He would like to know bow any power to discriminate could be exercised by the people of a Terri- tory, under the rules provided there, as long as possessed the power of amendment or of repeal, and that held as long as the Territorial condition remained? It was useless to stop to quarrel over particular acts that had sed, because if they gaye them too much power, or if ee iy teeaigipam and abused the power given them, gress ought to the necessary corrective. ’ This taxing power hanes from 4 and limited, and even in the Kansas-Nebraska the property of non*residents was not to be taxed higher than that of residents. Where had popular sovereignty existed? Itexerted itself there when the hands of the ‘Territorial Legisiature were tied by an act of Congrees— when manacies wore put upon them. Was that any indi- cation of sovereignty? Previously they had no sovereign power; but Congrese chose to confer it upon them, and if Congress restrained them, could they not impose other restraints and restrictions? Hence jt would be observed that the incirect means to be usetl would be by the pro- cezs of taxation. Mr. PuGH said no new State had been admitted without tbe same provisions. It was a stipulation. Mr. Gresx replied that that proved his position just as he wanted it. There could be no sovereignty in any govern- ment, according to the principles and policy of this Ame- rican Union, without the assent of Congress before or after the formation of the constitution. But since the adjourn- ment of the last gcssion of Congress, the bold, man! ground had been taken, that a Territory has as mi nS Ce, cee upon ez 5 as Fa aia me. was the language of the Harper's Magazine . let him ask if the honorable Senator from Mlinois 5 proceeded. to conten been eettled by the decision in the Dred had been acquiesced in by the a mitted that no Territory had undertaken slavery, and that question was not. ed. On that account there bad been no nounced; but be did say there was a opnion, the whole nine re of the Sua- preme Court agreeing, that a Territory did not possess that power. Instead Of appeals made to the public, that it was @ judicial question, let them submit to the Court. He had been ready, and he was yet ready. Lat them heal up the democratic party, and be a unit as they ought to be. The true doctrine had been e3 by the President in his message. That was enough on this subject. It came up to the Courtand the demands of the constitution. than that no one ought to be contented with. Was this inflict ing harm upon the Northern democracy? Such the fact. He would nover ask them for a vote except where the constitution, as interpreted Court, entitled them to that yote; and if requesting the full measure of their constitutional Ls sy Mend patting burdets upon them, they were not able to hear them Indeed, was there a public sentiment that did not sus- tain the constitution of the United States? If they desired the settlement by a decision of the court he was ready to jom them. But theee things had been thrown broadcast over the country, and something must be done to counter- act them before they came to shake hands and make peace. He found in ibe Cincinnati speech of the Senator from Miinols that he (Mr.Douglas) classified them—the de- mocratic party—with the republican party, and ‘that the question ‘was to be decided in 1880. it very strange language. That was not the spirit in which to let that question pacs until it comes to the Court. an attempt to dictate to the democratic party what should ‘be its platform, and force them to saffer the consequences of his (Mr. Donglas’) with- drawal. He (Mr. Green) hoped he (Sr. Douglas) never from Georgia, if a majority of the party endorsed him, nithough be con!d not endorse his doctrine, he would vote for bim, because bis are better than the doctrine of the other side. Judge Douglas had authorized his name to be used for the nomination if he should be placed upon the Cincinnati platform. He trusted Mr, Donglas would not ask al! to surrender their jadgment to tim. That Senator ought to be content to entertain bis own opinion, and act vpon it 0 far as he secs proper, but not attempt to pre- Jndice the ecmocratic patty. Ifthe question came up, and vo thonght ft was bis duty to sustain squatter sovereignty, be (Mr. Green) had no objection, but to make a contegt waa wore than he was willing to agree to. Mr. Green then, ceeded to read from a democratic address issued ig ths, and @ resolution a¢opted by the Soaate in January, 1888, to show that the democratic party then occagied the ground that any attempt on the part of Congress W abolish javery im any of the Turritories of the Ugited Stateg. ~ to. probibit iagrocas pro pro- ‘unanimous