The New York Herald Newspaper, December 28, 1859, Page 5

” NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, DFCEMBER 28;, 1860.—TRIPLE SHERT. - 5 route | The tora f with ana and to ‘cigoy ima the writie " ot F y oul Nocoms 2 inyerus woorongnare bet for travaland pone may conta aes He Keegy ih aa rer 1 rah ate ete by Congress for tho support of the respective branched table yresents resume which peme mails ot fupent, avd by forthe | viie.. wees 1804 128,707 or | Deve been expended. ¢ai and commoreial Coneidorations which would justify | Increased number during’tho last flecal year. PapeaeT eabaclt be throw eh ecto ee tat sor ae lial eer eet | ogtmasmevpluel oteae en bul ‘Tow tabie are the government of the United Staies in astisting the oom- | —or, nearly Mity per eens more than the au: Of postage to wbich it would have been subjected bad it | ling. The $40,000) paid annually for cantyiog. 0°} general good conduct and fidelity of the officers wi ing the right of to construct Buch a road, | chased during the year ended June 30, 1! while deem toy warded by private citizens. The frapking priv | few sacks of ’ le valle: Bockie"This be the Slow of Gougress, shen such sppropria: | “Thus ineresse hc to be enecunted tin ehiaiy byte an, | the imleryention, also furnahed its’ limitation. While it | «ge, 08 accrued t> various ollioers of the government, to San Francisco vie Kd Paso, Mecain's wane connected with this department, ‘The ealls open esc, fon should be frankly made from the public treasury, | usual demands for suppiies created by tee reduced ovum | was thus essential that the system should be orgauised rum tbe Deginuug and still is an 40 the pos- | aud anmbabited country, would defray the office are met with promptness; cach bureau is generally and not taken from the postal revenues under tho gue of | ber of mail furnished during the precedin: year, the at Py) aggregate ost , Jocel ageuts | up with current business, and 1 indulge the hope and'be- ee and tho payment for a service not needed, ae ean unprodus- | which was much below the average of former City “1 Niet that the daties of each have been performed fn Vo and upavailavle to the department 68 than ono balf of the number procured ng GAN ANTONIO AND SAN DIRGO MATA. year ended June 80, 1657, for which the total mimber | tt was ‘This semi-monthiy was, on the 2h day of October, | *mounted to 54,075, poned ap a # , " 1858, improved w 9 weekiy Bervioo between San Anwwale | Ihe cxcesa of expenditure for mail bags during the last | trary, it was eminently just and proper, tbat they av: ation Jor it8 services to the government as it would be ‘ang Ki Paso ana El Paso, and fort Yuna and the cempen- fiscal year, over that of the Year next Drecediug, was eo- | the uly, pay cation ‘was fixed at $196,010* The product of the route | cationed net only by the vxigencies jog from the ia | that si Rozment should be exactly proportioned w ‘inp beep lp actual or thearatical status. Beyond its po- ‘pring tho year,as already shown, was but $d0i— | d*quate supply of that year, a8 befiro stated, but also by | such use. Were the support fof the system charged e: itea} aut Joss to the department at the rate of $195,399 per avuum, |} tbe substitu of a large proportion of more gostly big | the treasury, those who do Reb perieipaie iy | and: Ke-revisory power over ite adi ‘; ‘Wh this conclusive indication of its waut of importance | for suchas had been procured at less price, but m- | ite advantages would be equally tax: with thoe | ‘¢lations of the government to Js aro precively thee: and value for postal purposes, I directed that the service | Mnued ag no longer desirable for the mail service. who by and the farmer who — af of Private citizen. This has been should, 00 the Ist of July lust, be put on its original foot- Durivg the Jast fiscal year proposals w-re invited | single tier ® month would have tw on. | “Izod: the several acts permatanily Semi monthly mail,and reduced the allowance to | bY »ublic advertisement, according to law, tor furnish. | tribute a8 much as tho merchant who despatches ang re } $700,000 per unuum for transpertation of « contractors to $120,000. Whatever objecta, political | '¥@ mail baga for four years from and after tue it | cetves fifty per day. The gross injustice. of this resultte |. (bis ## pot, in the language or spirit of the act of 1836, have bees contemplated by the go- | July, 3850; and the lowest and best bids were | too flagrant to require exposure or comment. Jt was in } sovislon made for the support this route through an almost | sccopted, upon which two contracts were made, These | obedience to this sentiment, that a self sustaining charac « revenues, but is an Whronen wilderness aud deser:, it J clear that sts gon- | Contracts, which are now in course of satistactory full! | ter was impressed upon the department in its croation toe aaUry, @Dd is, io its terms a 6) Qt the present rate ef compensation is an injus- | eDt, Were made at prices somowhat higher than thos | and was and most bor aor Me perepelously BBIESIOD of he, parespon ee the department, It may 6 eonvenient for the | o tbe contracts last expired; but it is confidently expected | bered to in. ‘administration. actof February opmmected with the very few passengers that pass between Texas and San | they will prove to be highly ddvantagoous to the inwrests | 1792, ‘To establish the offce and # foportant of departwent, ag the eontracted for are greatly | United States,” declares “the Postmaster Genera’ | must rest on an a mi 4g ib every respect to apy heretofore used im the halk provie tor ing tho mail of the Uuited States” 4: ple icsis6d on, tho service. mal) wiation, including route oy eee oo poet ofiice at Balt Tevenue of but $700, und yet to connect that wi peste city lore yp Prt ne aera the valley of the Miseicippi and the Pacific, this depart- eually large quantities of land, was urabie. 4 atime, nt atau fe Roma ed | Saying os yn el te x its 88 rapidly a8 was desirable. During the toned above, 1#'$1,178,629 05. ‘The ocean mail sorvice w | Chis Ing the past | s cote treasury, execpt the eat ot | BeMeveD, the aitention of that office hea aoe & » beret otected to thssu) ; and | ¢ boation {rosa os tho Papama Railroad, is now ® coarge on the erating that aaa bare haméhe erate J a 3, ane the & tbority in establishing the dey lg) department, and under the present savantageous ber, 1859, 160,000 sesgisl sqite teaeented yee pa contract, will & lors during the current | tor transmission aud delivery, ana lists of awamp and year, of at least $51,027 81. This, added Lo $1,178,°29 05 | resend lands were Prepared and certifled to the . piri a by oy scsas te pas a wheeh, if divided by a fair average, would ‘be equal to the Ssycts of aoeportig” te Taleban salars Preparatiqn of, a2 adaivional number of 134,000 cash pas route apd local agepis apd mearengers in ‘Th ral of Sates of Maryland, Penseyivanie and New York. It | iprongh ine agvoey of de elterent oor ori eee would improve the postal facilities in all our cities, towas | nyeniis upproved, and peeus no Iu the . sa Pepuated dlatriots, giving daily mails to those who | tion of the dcinile bat fw smendments are required are eptitied to them, but who now have but a tri-week'y ‘The legiglanon of Congress ip relation to the fervice, abd tri-weekly to those whohave but weekly | uncs attracts & Jarge share of the public attention, and uccommodations. The power of steam apd the electric | i teresen ourectly @ large umber of our,citwens. All the Toph have awakened in the most remote districts Bud | copie of fourteen Slates and five Terrwwres derive the im the most trapquil vill ab energy and resticasvess their isidé from the federal government, and the ‘of Social end commercial lite known in other years ouly nd files, evidencing the inception ef their rights, uinid "ihe great commercial emporiama of the world. AB | are pres-rved in the Geueral Lana Oflee, “tn the, aon. a rie, daily maile are rapidly becomlog @ Unt } isiryyon of the land laws of general and’ mpeciet apphea-— vera! necessity, and arc bow ingistes on as.a right by the ‘hep, queetions often ance which involve copiiicting private: ) smaliest communities. t Deen imspoesible tO | \orerests ot great Magnitude; aud are most cu:oplicated, meke wb pep ptrher ye hers phere d-diftica) of solution. have to be exammod be ; the which bave presented, when the pubhe complain “equal to the aourity of tbele The supplies of mail looks purchased for the ther areeiaes hs ees uy of servo | other expenses i during the last fecal year, amounted to fifty per cent leas | of the revenue of the Fost oflcer? and to enable rapepartation have in bumber, and sixty seven per cent less fh cost, than thoae | comply with this requisition. sted of tbe next preceding year, his aieposal thun that derived from the current receipts 6 year ending the 0th of thous entering into the details of the delinquencies | the service. The same act ec} the Postmaster uD of $9,478,457. This has ‘been and depredations allegou to have occurred inconpeotion | neral to enter into contracts “extending ‘he “enormous bulk and weight ith the postal during the it feo bo state that Sis Yooral tavscla are stil adhalistaniory Hrosides: Abst ‘uch contracts. shall ot ‘be ; ks and printed documents spt un 5 = S z 8 Ht S a z i Fy 5 7 3 2 2 = 5 g 5 & 2 § = & Q bie efor hab boen made, for improv a m, and these efforts will be cont 6 elaxation, for the fares Se public. bave given - ‘d patience; counsel im very many cases claim of being beard; and yet decmions muss. be made: without unreasouale delay, alihoogh they often involve . < Med mito ek ens eee me such com 1 (he tortunce of whole famities, (om ‘oula ww oh Meiphe of Sree, At Congress bas for @ series of years eanctioned by ite i iiovenpartmea iy revenary stich. are now sqpen | tte te emi Of ew wurveye ver tho. pubs dered in te wilderness, and when this cbail bave been, | Faerie ae te aroarensive a ra aud vetoes Hove Dereot, this basis bas been assumed in done, ano the mensures Of Pam att Teonmended shall have been adopted, then, by ho: | fyy tbe ist dace eee (oF he RUFFEY# to be mado dur- practico of a wevere economy, every reasonable’ demand Jrormg tbe five quarters ending Septem! ‘upon the kervice can be mat 16,615 153 acres a the pubtiesteeae Seed hat A comparison of the expenses and products of the routes 4,970,0 acres were sold for cash, yie\ ATG; named, kuves 00 room for doubt that the com. | 3:67 440 acres were Iooated ‘with bounly land. Warsianes mupicstion which they afford ia pot toby the for" metigaae fas auece ap numa tea | as iar cergeriverea ec pea ee ca u Ered dl anicedy it as aot ey snd Heptember 28, 1860; and 6,318,208 acres to ‘uncealed, but open! e riend! pol ailing 1 ‘BFante (or railroad pur. which maintained these routes, that they were intended Peed? m! deem nope spe on Duritg the same period of time 13,817,221 acres were survey co ano pre} for market, abd 16,783,553 acres ubminalsthe cost of uber conveyance is, in fact, a wx on ‘© Bucd contractors a- letler coprespondence of the country. Hence, Jast meptioned teas wands ef the fever talent of, a u i $ i i | EE it i an if I “ the ane Per gto » Were. ibeven at the prevailiog in precise proportion a8 the government ig the vatron of the mails, would the service be unre aunerauve 2 1 Were the *1 pana BOW con- to, and ‘tunities for, the commission’ }{revenue thenee arising.” This ‘on the partof Con. 4 veyed ed with the existing rates 0, it is con- grees, cotemporary as it was withthe organization of the | fide ved that it would yielu ap av: revenue of de it. furnishes clear and conclusive indication | st ‘One million eight hundred thoneaod dollars; yet dike of the theory on which it rested, and of the determi. | for thisservice the department receives but $760,000; and nation that its practical ad: hed ‘should conform sceaalle capauce in ite performance but little, if any’ ¥ much, and accor bh much more hereaftdr, for the | thereto, In 1886 Congress provided thet ‘the aggregate | stort 00.000. : suppression of these abuses; but I am th ly per. {| eum required for the service of the Post Offlce Deparumeat ‘The obligation of the {government to pay for the use suaded that the chief reliance for the safoty of mails, at ge ogee at the reve | of the mails, at the rates imposed on the private must be tound in the irreproachablc personal probity of | nues the department,” This. is still whe ex | chisen, is now wo menifest that the proposition has those charged with their transportation and delivery, | isting law, and a more em been deli Henoe it 1s believed that there can be no faithful or honor- E z ul : & ! : 4 i i it i i : fy f g i Fe re tee. Ho Bes 282 Ba 333 eee ce tha tor. | A well directed vigilance has already accomp! ‘a8 tbe pioneers of civilization; us the means of rapid avd — Pp ocr hig ag thr military posts apd thy goverpment, aud moet especially us an instru: mentality for promoting the settlemeut of our froatiers, ate = a gin re that haa been and thus appreciating the value of the national domain. | surveyed, but not yet proclaimed oF offeved at publie sabe, That Mate, {ind kindred oljects whuch may bare been | wan, on the auth of sepiember, 1860, 67,970/081, acres’ contemplated by authors of this pol are fully b within the range of action which @ great aud en, | 020 the estimated quanthy which hao beeu offered at pab- Tightened Dmevt may proscribe for itseif, will see rite Ne cemmalnas £0 ions sa. peheate entry ab the:vark- not be denied. But euch ol are national and not at kh will een - all postal i thelr character, and being iatended, as they |-saleg wi public “lends fave bon wee iin om ‘are, to advance the intorests of the entire body politic, the apbcipated in my last annual ue expenditwres which they involve should be met trom the | pumbe: common treasury. ‘The poatal service does not lead, but follows population, and the eyotion, directly or iudireet- phatic declaration tha: iberately made and urged with much force the self-supporting principle on which the depart hat this act of justice shall, if possible, be made re- able administration of this department but by promptl: ment bad been previously conducted, should by | trospective. Couli the amount’ which the department hag Gocartiny trom its pos thie whose course of fe C macront eae not have been made. a 1790—the | expended je {he transportation, eh froc matter irom. fe 4 | queetion either their private or their official in- el year ew government which Goancia: } foundation government ascertained—w! eannet too earnestly rocemmend ts early and deciied in- | (arrge, alata of the department is brought to our notice ua re, | Obviously impracticable-—it is dificult vo perevive on what FORIIGN MAIL @EAVvIOR, venues exeveded its disbursements by $5,256. From tha: | ground a ci o ta reimbursemont—less the aggregate “4 The tables prepared by the Auditor of this department, | time up w 1838, with occasional and Slight exceptions, oe } Of the appropriations made from the treasury for the eup- Tetanc ef Congress | S24 aBvexed to this report, exh bit tho rosult of the fo: | curring at remoto intervals, an exocss of recelpis part of the department—could be resisted, If the prinel- ‘at | eign mail service for the past fiscal year, and may be | constantly exhibited. At tho period last named, in conse. | le contended for is right now, it has beon so from tbe be. publ Dey, Reniad ag ews iad ied: Hictat Bae quence x's Wo rapid expansion of the service and the sub- Fits. say bo Ry . a ugere; amoun! postage (sea, sn stitution of costly railroad transportation many of ut, asked, ie government virtually aa er Tee aclin Sea eeerinea enuneat, Be | foreign}, cu mala conveyed and from Garope by the { the old and hithario. comparauvely cheap rower weaie | compiprwith Une Tequiaton ve poe Meee postages bj Gonyegnnce: several limes of mail steametr employed by this depart- | was manifeeted the fret tendency to a permanent exces: | (he aundal sppropriation which it makes to meet the ‘dof. garded as wi le These mails, as des- British packets of the t, although 1 of acres sold dors not fall far short ot tho calou- jation then made. The Iands which, by «long continu- ance in nurket, have graduated to low pees by virtue of ~” nent, was $484 668 54; and by the of expenditure. This tendency, however, was not de- } cit im the postal revenues, and is thoro any substantial dif- | ly, im aid of schemes of colovizauon, of those revenues 1 a . See a ca enki a eaten eat etich: | Cunard live, performing an equal number of trips, 6805,- | cided: nor did it lead to any alarming resulae, Teme, | ference beveeca Buch a rrerbier es eS cain dit, | 17, al@ of achetnes 0 colon apart or the maintenance | ela at te minimum of $1 25 poe eee ee Ca rBOse od & balf tons for each—thus requirin; patel ‘of | £29 64. The North German Lioyd and Hamburg lines of } ficit was small, and during several of the yoars intervon- | 't postages in detail? The answer is that there is a diffe. | aud expansion of mail accommodations, is a manifest r land see con attlon of throne ont each aang, 12, vicw of | mail packets also conveyed mails to and from Bremen aod between 1858 and was fully recovered from. | rence, and this diference Vitally concerns the honor and } breach of one of the must solemn oblyations with - bongs ved, and oosting, at tho present rate of | Hamburg, respectively, the postages on which amounted ards camo the acts of 1845 and 1851, whereby the | reputation of the department. The appropriation referred | which the government bas charged itelf. It would be Pk oe epeiyy ee ere cae | $48,101 71, making the total ‘postages om United States | Tales of postage were reduced and the réecipts of the | to is offered, not in surisfaction of what is Spotagoed | eaky tciditingeich the ousss falling within this category | porticn to the amount ot land. offered has bevu fecelved: > . an repeun mals, conve! rs es dul the nt, uence, sudden! diminished wo }, but Tather bestows as an alma. It | of nop postal, and were Ir etal pent and al Pertation alone, with s product of 335,440 80. ere tived mbdeof wo mines crate an, annum. ‘The in- | ts not paid bs to a croditor for servioes fully rendered, | tion by Congress accompanied bya provision that aver | (rm sales than at Oey See ee. "The route bas now been opencd, audits svalabilty for | Jest, $1 Cost of tho transatlantic service performed by | troduction, too, of the telegraph as a medium of so. | but ie extended asa relief to a defaulting branch of the fe (ne pubic ied Hat Onertes wells Disewinw makag the application of the revenue arising from them to thelr | a gratuitous distribution of the pubic aomats, and the Support, the balanoe due the contractors and other agen~ | Conviction thar the paseare of mach « law nonid greatly cles should be defrayed from the treasury, complete jus- | gepreciate the value of laud in the new States, affords the tice would bo done to the department, and the govern- | oniy satisfactory explanation of this great’ dimin Went would have fully discharged one of the highest re- | iy the revenue derived trom sales. Vaud the publie hues which rests upsn it as trustee of the postal | is relieved from this expectation bo reliable estimate can, be made of the amount of income which will bo re- cetved from this source; but should this apprehension ‘'& hgbt mail demonstrated, 80 should war occur with stesmshiys employ yed by this devartment, under | cial and commercial intercourse began at this time ‘m a | government.and tosavo it irom baukruptcy and dishonor. ny pentane Doren, iaees ‘the sorvice could, without de- | ‘© Provisions of tbe act of the 14th of June, 1868, | marked manner to divert from the maile the public and itis Places the department continuaily in a false postion, lay, be ro-establahed on ka t basig. |= Were it other- | (Which bmita the compensation to the United States | private correspondence ef the country. This diversion bas | 8nd presents it to the world as o delinquent, when, in wnathen conlanete ts deceaatin eastibe to justify the | Postage, Sea and inland, whon the conveyanco 1s by Ame. | continued tooniarge until it may be safely estimated tha | truth, {tis not 60. So long as it is thus treated, however wiiuiie Betenitauan a tae ‘upon the correspon. | Tan Steamers, and to the sea postage, when by foreign | the annual loes to the department, from this source alone, | skilfully or honestly it may be administered, it must stand dence of the country, Such morbid caution and appre. | Steamers,) was $324,610 62; twenty-six round trips being | cannot now be lees than one million of dollars. Under | at the bar of public opinion as condemned ad os faithlens t ory ‘eoald. net beh be Tecoguized as illustrating im mi- formed by American steamships for the sum of $199,- | the influence of this abrupt and rapid decline in its revo. } 10 its mizvion. This is a moral wrong, and a polits- great nature the folly of that policy which woulo Keep our army 09, averaging $7,663.88 per round trip; and twenty | nues, and of the pressure of a course of legislation which | calerror. When tho department has’ loyally discharged an lund. Not to pursue the subject further, in view of what has been done and proposed, the tlnancial status of the de- | be removed, the receipts will, without doubt, exceed the six apd a balf trips, by foreign at at Bt: Continued from year to year to establish vast numbers o{ | Svery duty incumbent upon it, and has performed ser- ent would be as follows:— ¥ - ond eur neeeane pote opetarn g lanes of “uke | 58, averaging $4,736 17 per round trip. Of the lswer | extended, costly and unproduetivo roulce, mdded to the J. vices, thetompelisation tor which if marke sande, weal Dehcie Lag the'y oor caching See 20, 1859....$4,900,000 96 | Treen “hei yom, and $4,000,000 for’ the ose ee Tepublic with ether nations are liable to be disturbed. trips, four and a balf were run by the Canadian line of | importunate and incessant demand on the partof the coun. | render it independent, it has a right in the name of com- Contra. By ‘ i Steamers between Portland and Liverpool. This line is | try for the improvement as well as extension of postal fa- | Won justice, to claim that it shall be allowed to assume ‘THE KANSAS AND STOOKTON MAIL. hereafter to run weekly, Portland being the terminus on | cilities, the sapantinant was gradually led away from the } that attituce, instead of the mortifying one it has been ‘This route, put in operation at an annual expense of | this side during the winter, and Quebec daring the sum- | principle to w! it had previously inflexibly adhered, 80 | driven to occupy for years—thatof an improvident and $79,000, having, in consequence of the allegea hosuiity of | mer ,season; and in connection with the Grand Trank | that in 1858 its expenditures exceeded ite receipts ‘by | discredited ineolvent, ever begging at the’ doors of the the Inojans and other causes, proved a failure, and railway, over the Victoria bridge at Montreal, now com- | $5,285,677 15. For the gear ending June 80, 1858, this | public tressury. unnecessary for postal ; ewag,on the 80th of } pleted, it will afford tho means of the most direct aad | excess amounted to $6,996,009 26. This unfortunate con. Tt may be added, if {t is propor that the government June last, discontinued. 10 proceeds of $1,255 credited probably the most expeditious communication between | dition of things has involved tho department in imputa | ball bo cbarged with the expense of conveying the to it were realized for tho local service between Kansas | Chicago and Liverpool. Arrangements Lave been made | tions of extravagance and mismanagement, as disparaging | "oatter uow passing free through the mails, justice alike sity and Neosho and Albuquerque. During the period of | with the Canadian Post office department to transport, | a8 they have beon undeserved. lis embar. { ‘0 the public and to the department requires that nine months that It was in operation, there wero but four | jor the sea postage, any mails it may be desirable | rassments, which have so crip! its efficiency | ‘he amount thus due shall be precisely ascertained, which arrivals of through mails at Kansas, and but two at! to send by this line; and, im order to give them | and clouded its reputation, are not the fruit can best be done by pre-payment ai the ma ling offices. Stockton. The whole mail matter received at Kansas | as much expedition as possible, it is intended | of its own voluntary action, but of a current | There can be no enlightencd administration of the from Stockton consisted of two letters and twenty-six | to havo Chicagojfand Detroit, as well as Port | of events over which it has been unable toexert the | System without a comple knowledge of its financial re- newspapers, while it appears from the returns that but a | jand, constituted oiflccs of exchange for United States htest control. All have-deplored the overburdened { Sources and liabilitics, which can never be attained while Single letter reached Stockton from Kansas. Another pe- | and British mails. Bags will then be made up at each of | and sinking position in which {thas been placed for the | the incubusof tho franking privilege is hanging over it. euliarity of this service was that it extended for 825 miles offi and will not be opened until they reach | lastfew years, and the hope and expectation have been | Under the stifling pressure, too, of this incubus, the de- ‘betwoon Westport and Santa Fe. directly a'ong the line of | Tivorpool. ‘The running time from Cnioago to Portland, | universally cheriahed that an early and earnest endeavor | partment ia forced to continual effuris to emeliorato ite another route, the contractor for which carried, as is sup- | via Detroit, Toronto, Ac., is not to exceed i | would be made torestore it to that basis of ce | Condition, which must often result in curtailment to be pored, for some trifling com; exceedingly | hours; and either from Portland or from the contemplated | and honor on which it was a planed by the founders of the | deplored, because the; — the public of maf accom- ‘they bay pensauion, ht and unimportant mail, for the transportation of in i4 ba wt aashowsy the peated vaying ‘at the terminus of the railway, near tho mouth of the river St. | government. The failure Annual retrenchment from curtailments al- Ta the early perlode of the history ef the country, Oon- Tendy mmade—loss $257,260, of the $437,280 reea, ip some canes, fixed by law the umes at which pubs saved on renewal of coutract for ocean ser- aed particular land districts shoala be held, and in Vice to California—which $287,250 bavi others directed the sales to commence at such times ag been payable out of the Treasury, the gain the President should fix by prociamation. in carrying evures to it instead of to the postal reve- into effect the act of April 24, 1820, regulating land. sales BUCK... 66 +$1,689,221 00 | generally, it became tbe duty of the President to proclaim Revenue from government posiages, on abo- r ie ae lition of frapking privilege, estimated at, 1,800,000 00 | Survey andorepared tor acne ee oe wey Mugs bo Reducticn of cost of railroad transportation. 1,084,658 00 Prior to the year 1841 the ation of bad poet + 1,220,786 36 | they ned been exposed to public sale The enactments . ranting pre-emption rights had beep in the nature of ro- Total.......+++ wees saeeseeee +. 90,658,535 86 dome bests trespasses were waived, and a pro- Suey om oats - afi in tg ofc of $1543 4 = ference was given to those who were oowmpying public lene; soth ') A 103 dates several taws. which the gradual increase of receipts and the curtail. | 20* at the dates of the ments still practicable, would overcome in a few years, euthorized: ‘Several aud the department be thus restored to complete indepen | Staines “recent, nie, sellemcats in partonine ence. States and Territor'es u; uneurveyed Jands have been ‘There are those who propose, a8 a subatitate for these legalized and invited. Mn qualified pega who oc. just and salutory reforms, an increase of the cupy unofferes lands: the privilege. Tates of postage. a Tam well Lp abe Popu- | tering the tracts to which they are entitled at any ti before they are offered at public sale. But they are Feats mainly upon the conviction tbat if the Post office quired to avail themselves of this privilege before the Post Office Appropriation | modations for which ve fully paid, and which they Lawrence, where the mails aro to be transferred to and | bill at the last seasion of }» Which thug left'the de- | are, therefore, entitled to enjoy. rate of some $80,000 per annum. rom the the distance ral | partment charged with all the labors and responsibilitios Another potent reason for the abolition of the INDEPEXDENCE, GALT LAKE CITY AND PLACERVILIE MAILE. hundred miles less than from New York. Of the postal service, and yet denied it the use of itsown | Privilege as now exercised, is found in the abuses which ‘1b connection with the Pacific was formerly a month- ‘Mmporary arrangewents have also boon made, on the | earnings, having given a ctill more decided impetus to its | ecm to be inseparable from its existence. Theso abuses, Jy service, but in consequence of the threatened rebellion | terms of the act of 1868, for the continuance of weekly | downward fortunes, the occasion was deemed propitious | though constantly exposed and animadverted upon for a § 5 a 2 i & g8 553 it service by American or foreign steamships, between New | for the uration, at least, of that work of reform | #erics of years, have as constantly increased. It has | department were justly denit by, it could and would sus- fixed by the Presiaentv’s for the pal po er pore ty penne sot Sebo Le 4 York 5 Liverpool, or Pinbemaens ae semi- | which ‘pean it Of the country demanded. {| been often statei by my predecessors, and is @ | tain itecif without any change’ in the prevailing rates. Dg a toe ‘body of lands one seen aod it they Deing but $6,412 03, The object of thie improvement | monthly trips to Havro, and trips once a month to Bre- | The task was moat arduous, involying as itdid m recom- } Matter of public notoriety, that immense masses | This conviction 1 fully ee ee Ge tail to. doeo they forfeit thelr rights of pro.cmption, was w enable the government to communicate regularly | men and back. This, in connection with the Cunard line, | noissance of 8,723 Toutes, and a careful scrutiny | of S aro reer under a ae mao ae yi ne poor y the Japos they have occupied are liabie to beeold wo the aud raj with the troops engaged in active miltary Secures semi-weekly service between this country and | of every branch of expenditure connected with the | track, which moter Poeradygod A o aan pogo ph eM ve = aor highest bidder. Hence the day of a public offering of operations a Utah. Tranquillity ‘been restored to | Great Britain, and with the Bremen and Hamburg steam. | postal service. It.was most Perplexiug, too, be- } creating the Svapking piviegs wou justify ; a | maie, — ee a a tands becomes an epoch of great importance te those who by unl a am tne Pus ing mPoueet | STi mae Hoanamly as ero eons | Sue, Fe, lee decreas angScica | GHRT catiyes “covered by te Wank Panne Seas | ue beviaun tee reat ARSE wl | are teary arama and and ma sod ae ” ‘Clamorous opposition pa for the purposes of the government, @ red: In this copnection, at evory step from local and pergonal interests. Updos See a awa by te egred it A ‘by some real | department to dence—which cannot be anticipat- | Yrmined by the President in his discretion, the e: i T feet the or pretended. while whole ea cenl moles ea seietet, te, tae place ‘on | repeal of that ciause of the actapproved June 14, 1858, wolch bavo nove andiod nor poem, a a SOBtEACtors, partment | tries ‘the preference shall always be given to an Ameri me are Pity tes ny sepomyptee~ig ' can, over & foreign steamship, departing trom the General to provide for carrying of the mails on the | have been for . Tho extreme difficulty of detecting %t will be thus geen that In consequence of the | came port for the same destination, wi three days of | post routes established by law, ‘‘as often ashe, having ane forgeries Ler Parag ord, eke EM action which has taken place in reference to these | each other.” eee ee Fegard to the productiveness thereof, and other ciroam- | ¥! it ae me hag egprneop ryan ee: Pacific routes the apnosl expenditure Age an pena AY ange rcaen prea able amides of stances, a shiake proper.” The consideration thus | ment relerence to them t a conviction, however jminished 127 ed—then an enlightened and liberal people will not hesi- Gasal toegeiiiaianne ‘augmentation of the rates whieh of that discretion becomes a matter of difficulty and em- any it. may be required, bus-not until then. Asian meat anh eee Secs Tan toed ul position. If not allowed to return to the princi- bap} it nettiers are least pared to b g F & i ik f 3 i 5 i om} ween the private interests of a worthy claas of independence, its efficiency the proof, is scarcely le to be obtained. The | ard its renown—borne by tho pressure of the ex- | citi 4 the bas been dii $008,697. Tho $i congratulation on the part of the wi and | early announced by Congress for the government of the baie teres trae fh rnpeniadh tine sealtgg "oarsoOe it most altimatoty te. zene ani regular execution of the Jand laws. The Parc gt ts promt our Dee men R eee i wot 4 pe Hprerecraaedpr CBD! acananaTe frank undor a ‘heavy Penalty, is practi inoperative. | come an established burden on the national ro- | $° ere ek he cals to the chief me 4 it would warrant, by petition and personal appeals to the venues. The first step which would probably fol- 4 1d i PI tomduce @ post] of sales. This stato of things Congress, in sbould never arise, and canbe easily avoided The re- CES ihe Princioas. pow age ip deciare eS medy is simple, and will prove just and advantageous to Would open an almost illimitable field formercenary in- | {B0 country at large, as well as to the communities most fax boyond whst an eniig spatch ty frank under a bea 8 Prac noperatiys: e highest clement in the miesion of this de; it, | as furnishing the only unerring rule of action. refor you Case repo! ngth by ni i Rah n> nn + nee eee and Bante that legislation which provides for rachienia, ductive routes, where the terms of tho Sontracte wuld ‘States Attorney for this district, as berg t illustrating For the last five years, the mails betwoen Havana and | stead of accclerating the mails, may ‘be sa ely pronounced mit, havo been curtailed, and those which were useless | this viliated public opinion, reflected from the jury box. The Charleston and Savannah have been conveyed in a steam. | at least extraordinary in its character. Tho law under ve been ‘unhesitatingly lopped off; ali agoncies which | Proof was complete, and the case unredeemed by a single ship—the Isabel—performing semi-monthly trips nt an an- | consideration requires that though the mails be ready for | could be dispensed with without detriment to the service’ | palliation, and yet the offender was discharged unrebuked, deeply interested in the matter. Bual of $60,000, authorized. by Congress, | transmiseion, aud a foreign vessel is offering to trans. | have been discontinucd, aud ail allowances for extra | (0 resume, ff it should please him, his guilty task. This | trigue and spoliation. An approach to tho inauguration 1 would recommend that a law be ine of Dut payabio out of the revenues of the nt The | port, them, yot they. shall be retained for | services, ‘not imperatively. exacted | from considora. | verdict of acquittal is underatood: fo havo-boen rendered | ot ibis aysiom bas aiready been mado, and the results | ypemniy to sotere ob Unefieed, witae eae ang en ages received from these mails during the past yoar | three days ‘if such delay be necessary, in | tions | of . public justice, have been auspended, | On two grounds. First, that the accused said he did not | are before the country. Sine 1863, Congress bias inter- | two years, from tho dato of filing his ‘declaratory state- Srnoanted to bat $10,057 66. The contract, involvingthus | order to place them in charge of an Ameri-| In the discharge of this unpleasant duty, It | commit the offence “to avoid the payment of postages,”’ | posed and made extra slomances, to contractors, amount-.| meni, within which to make his proof and pay for his ‘& loss of nearly $60, per annnm, was in its ope! of | can steamship, The support which the inte- | has been assumed that in all conflicts between the | and seeond, that the nflonce has become so prevalent that | ing to $649,161 22 beyond what the department regarded land; and, at the same time, making itincumbent upon @ most oppressive character, and upon its expiration on | rests of the American shipbulldor and ship- public interests and thoge of individuals and looalities, the | itis no longer proper to punish it. These are startling jad them as entitled to receive under their contracts, amd be- | the President to oller at public sale, by proclamation, the 30th of June, its renewa: was declined. Fortunately | owner derive from the conveyanoo of the mails is but an | former sbould prevail; that the expenditures upon a route | positions, whetbor regarded in their legal, moral or logi- for the public interests tha approaching completion of | incident to the eervice, and to it, the efficiency and repu- | should bear a just proportion to its postal value, and that | cal aspects. They announce that to render the violation the Florida Railroad enabled the department to send | tation of that service, which is the principal, should never | in determining that value the amount of correspondence | of o Ftatute legal, it is only necessary to render it general, these mails across the peninsula trom Fernandina toCedar | be sacrificed. It is desirable that this department shall | conveycd upon the route, as indicated by its products, ig } abd that the counterfeiter of the frank of a member of Keys, where they connect with the Gulf mail steamers | have the power to send forward the foreign mails as often | the only unfailing criterion, To this have been allowed, | Congress, in order to shield himself from punishment, bas from’ New Orleans and proceed directly on via Key West | 88 a safe, reliable vessel can be found to convey them, | as obvi exceptions, tho trunk routes on which are { ODiy, when arrested, to declare that he committed the in- to Havana. The service out and returning is now regular- | and that the obligaticn to prefer the American to the | transported heavy through mails,and which, of course, | famous crime from no hope of pecuniary gain—thus re- ly performed, ana costs the department only tho inland | foreign steamship shall only exist when they sail on the | have a value beyond that evidenced by the receipts of the | Versing that axiomatic principle of philosophy and of law, and sea postages. This resulta trom the fact that the route | eame day. offices which they directly supply. In curtailing the ex. | Which teaches that a rational agent shall bo held to con from Charleston and Savanvah via Fernandioa and Cedar The amount of letter postages upon mails exchanged | tended and unproductivg routes connecting with the Pa- | template and design those results which nocesearily fol- Keys to Key West being already in operation tor the local | during the year with Great Britain was $770,086; with | cific, and which were established by Congress for the ac- { low from his conduct. If such language as this, coming mails, the outlay for the service is in nothing increased by | Prursia, $288,642 68; Fiance, $218,770 06; Bremen, | complishment of objects not postal, it was not possible to | UP from tho criminal courts of the country, does not the addition of those for and from Havana The sabstita- | $38,808'37, and Hamburg, $22,581 95; being a decrease | make more than a remote approximation to the principle | arouse Congress to the necessity of promptly reforming ion, therctore, of this route for that of the Isabel, is a | on British mails of $52,684 60; on Prussian mails of | which controlled the reductions in other casos. The ro. | this already groat and rapidly ed ra then it is to saving to the department of $49,04234 per annum. | $37,120 92; ond an increase on French mails of $12,043 | sult bas been a retrenchment in the annual expenditure | be feared that nothing can doco. The {repking priyi- Tnis route is not only preferable to the other on tho soore | 63; on Tremen mails of $10,462 45, and on Hamburg | for postal service of 81,826,471. This estimate embraces | lego has thus cecome an active instrument of pablic de of economy, but also because it supplies many Post offices, | mails of $6,704 21, as compared with the precolling year. | the gaving to the government of $637,250 from the new | Moralization When acrime {s committed under tho in- hereas the oue for which it is subsututed supplied but am Acorcaced letter postages on European mails, $39,695 | contract for the California and ocean maila, in substitution | fluence of strorg temptation a large measure of integrity alt yond what it was believed the postal service demanded or Jestiod, 1) hao also fixed the compensation for the cerat | 808 Mat may bave been surveyed by autho ity of Gon ress, at any time withtn two years atter ti of Weekly overland mall at $200,000 per annum, thoogh the forvey Lave ben approved. a8 protection aguinetirands receipts from the route are but $27,229 94, and for the | yient Pre-emptions, no one sbould be permitted to effect Urang}ortation of the California mails via the Isthmus, it | an oniry until after the expiration of three montbe from paid annually $788,250, though the same service—loss | the qate of filing his declaratory statement, and unl be haw that trom San Francisco to Astoria and San Diego—uoder } produced satistactory proof of three months continued re- & recent contract with the dopartment, is now pertormed | sidence upon the land claimed. atthe rato of $251,000 per annum, with an arrangement By the adoption of such amendments the President for its further reduction. These are fair illustrations of } wouja have before him a plain path of duty in b the froits which naturally, if not inevitably, follow from | jands into market Noone could be taken by surprisgs transferring the Contract Bureau of this department to the | no expectations could be evtertained, or caleulations halls of Congress, Should this step be taken, the Gigs made, which would depend for soluuup on the exercise of ment being thus completely dependent and sustained by. | Executive digcretion. Bona fide pre-emptors would be an exbaustless treasury, and baviug co longer the power- | protected in the poascesion of ‘the tracts upou which they fal motive to economy which bas eyor been the couserva- jad settied, and indulged with ample time within which tive clement of its being, would be tempted to plunge | to pay tor thy m; and our entire land syste would. work deeper and deeper into schemes of extravagance and | wy), such aiinplicity, justice apo general benefit Lo the go- wie una S pee kare all the Gato. | vorument apa the citizen, as"bus never been attained in are ri finn 5 nr cont sensed 1 Soot ‘of post cs ft rein actors, 4 umbering avy ons country poss of large budivs of unoccupied, 36,000, and constantly increasing; with its vast traia ‘The advantages and profits arising from the frst set- other dependent instrumentalitics; with its twenty mil- | yement of a Egteets ought to be enjoyed by the early Hons of disburgements—for they will von reach aud Sar- | settlers. They have peculiar hardships’ and privations pags that eum—and with 1s ramifications extending to | i undergo, expecial Gangers and labors to encounter. every city and village and neighborhood inthe Union, it | The law dues not conkmplate. that they sball could not fail to be seized upon by ambitious hands, and | have my competition, except irom otber actual settlers, wielded for political power, until the very alr of its being | in electing ube most ‘fertile lands and the choicest loca. might become an atmosphere of political corruption. The } tions, But as all other citizens are debarred the privile, gigautic system of internal improvements by the general | of purchseing a single tract until the lands are regularly government, which a few years sinte was overthrown by | Sn the market, there je reason t@ beheve that the wily the voice of the American people, in the omnipresence Of | yolding of lands from a public offering, and consequently its complete developement, could scarcely havé proved & | from. private entry, has often proved a temptation to more potent instrument for exlausting the treasury aod | frayq and an inducement to perjury, and unscrupulous depraving the public morals. speculators profit by it more than any other class. he Post Office Department in tts ceaseless labors per- ‘How great this temptation to fraud is may be inferred yades every channel of commerce and every theatre of | from ihe fuct that in many instances lands which have human enterpriee, and while visiting, as it does kindly, | been cntered at $1 25 per acre have been sold in. twelve every fireside, mingles with the throbbings of aimost | mouihs ufter entry at from ten to ove hundred dollars every heart tn the land. | Ta the amplitude of ks. bededl | por nore. cence it ministers to all climes, and creeds, and pursuits, ition to the public gale of the surveyed lands wiih the enmo eager readinces ‘and with equal fulness of | gy i Pion 10. i cuauatice, dae Teneo Ddelity. It is the delicate ear trump, through which alike | peciation that Congress will change the estabi nations and families and isolated individuals whisper thotr | [3° policy of selling homesteads 10 settlers at’ @ Joys and their eorrows, their convictions and their sympa- rice, and adopt a new one of giving to thom thies, to all who listen for their coming. Nutnrally enough, | Taq eres of land, or more, on condition ofa residence such an institution has ever been, and still is, a cher! thereon for a term of.years, and of reserving tho favorito with tho American people.» The county has | Ynortered public doman trom ail ober aisposition, in OF constantly manifested the most Intense solicitude for the | ger to afford a continuous supply for future donations, preservation of its purity and the prosperity of its ad- ‘The evactment of a law embracing such objects would hte tha it iseaiitieoes hy fe ie 3 that od work a change hostile to ali preceding ween " in re- mity abuse ministrations, an @ reckless wast sa chi in my jadgment, ita hare armed, revenee, connected with the hula foc bea De my allay 2 tions to which it has in consequence been oxpoeed, have mencee fi tical application. doep'y and sadly improesed the public, mind a erens of te neural feeracter have heretofore been T have the houor to be, very respectfully, your ‘Quedient | made to States for objeciso! publi Benefit—fur_ schools, servant. i. . termediate offloe—that of Key West. The do- | 48. of the pre-existing contracts for the service by the way of | may remaix with the offender; but where an offence like eng was urged by citizens of Charleston to extend The amount of postages on mails sent to Great | Panama and Tehuantepoc. Tho retrenchment thus’ of- this, essentially mercenary in its spirit and creepingly tbe contact with tho owner of tho Isabel, from com- } Britain was $265,022 13; to Prussia, $167,854 33; | fected may be classed under the following general | Clandestine in its perpetration, is committed for the gain mercial considerations, but did not feel justified in | to Franc, $106,(50 Ol; to Bremen, $18,229 80; | heads:— of a few cents, and when such offence becomes wide iving to guch considerations the welght claimed for | aud to Hamburg, $15,684 68~total sont, $673,370 85. On | Curtailment in transportation, discontinning spread in its prevalence, it evidences a condition of the wm. This large subsidy would certainly enable the | mails recived, from Great Britain, #103404 71; from routes, and making new contract for ocean ake morals which cannot be contempiated without pro- ewner of the Isabel to carry freight and passongors | Prussia, $120,758 55; from Franco, $112,720 04; from service to California, . $1,725,869 atreduced rates; but Jf there be any conatitutional war- | Bremen, $20,188 57, and from Hamburg, 6, WG sets WEE und Borrow and bs liveliest spprehensions. 3... no $6,997 37—total | Diecontinvance of special and route agents, otber reazon exist than these abuses and the : trons rant for the government’s bestowing this advantage on | reocived, $665,079 04. | Tot collected in the | "messengers, &c. aching nada consequences to which they lead, Corgress would be fully the inhabitants of a single city, while it is denied to those | United States, $809,860 73; in Great Britain, Prussia, | Withdrawal of extra allowance to posttansters. 23/172 | Justified ip abolishing the frank 61 other cities, such advantage should be sought from the | France, Bremen, and Hamburg, $528,589 16--oxcess of Of the substitutes which haye been proposed, that of public treasury, aad most assuredly not at the hauds of | postages collected in the United , $281,271 67. Totals a4. tee $1,826,471 | Pre-payment by stamps, as recommended by my pre, this department. With tho embarrasements pressing | Balance due Great Britain on adjustment of account for, Reference is had to a tabular statement accompanying | O¢cekEor, 1s Bpon it,and with the knowledge that there are many the year ended June 30, 1859. . commuuities Dow having weokly, which dosirc and de- | Balance due to Franoo, privilege. bly to be preferred. It would harmo $200,598 81 | this report, in which the amount of the retrenchments | Dike with the existing system, and being eminontly 8t made in each State and Territory is distinctly presentod. | Jnet, simple and practicable, it could be put rerve semi and tri.weekly mails, and many others with | Balanco due to Bremen., It will be observed that in but two of the States—South | into immediate operation without. the _ slightest tri-weekly which aro entitled to daily service, it was not | Balance due to Hamburg.,.. Carolina eo ia the beads the service been in. | CMbarracsment. That o part of the abuses ecnu- ible to devote sume $60,000 per annum of its revenues creased. It was ut the lowest poin' t ED faciiitate and cheapen the transportation of passongera | Total... .............5- tes been seere ee «$982,256 29 | consequance, on the occasion ot the Jottings in April last, | Consequences would fall, as they sliould, on the govorn nud merchandise between Charleston and Havana, with. ‘Total postages for the year on mailé transported on the | this improvement, amounting to $6,693, was allowed. The | Ment by whoee officials thoy wero perpetrated, instead of out a flagrant und culpable dereliction of duty. No rea- | New York, New Orleans, Aspinwall and Qulifornia lines | heaviest reduction—$126,600—was. made in Missouri, in | OM this departinent, as they do at present, wpe gon is perceived why the policy mdicatod by the aot of PR ey mails for Panama and Acapulco, Moxioo), | which State the postal expenditures for the past yoar were ‘While the franking privilege was enjoyed by the British 1868, which fixes tho compensation for foreign mall sor- vice performed by American vessels, at tho inland and g0a postages, should not be applicable to this as to other foreign mails, If it be insisted that the steamer’s touching at Key West dotermines as. domestic the. por- tion of the route between, that point and Qaarlos: ton, then wo have $10,007 66, or the i and sea pos: tog in these States, and in {| Merated might still prevail, is not denied, but their 972 68. On the New Orleans and San Francisco | $727,090 07, and the receipts but $227,867 63—showing a | Parliament, it was fimited in its oxerciso by the assign- route, via Isthmus of Tehuantepec, $5,276 68, loss of $400,214 $4. Tho next largest curtailment, $94,021, | Mentof.n given number of franks to cach member per On the Charleston and Havana route, $10,067 66; on | was in Texas, in which, with a postal revenue of but {| ‘ay, and the adjustment of this question by Congress the New Orleans and Vera Cruz route, $2,678 26, ana $100,607 35, the outlay for the service for the year would present a favorable moment. for considering whe- the various lines to the West Indies, &¢., $52,301 47. Ag- | Jone 20, was $723,080—exbibiting an exoces of oxpendi. | ther tho public interests do not require that some similar gregate total postages on malls conveyed by abore named | ture of” $622,788 0. In Louisiana the reduction was | Testriction should be imposed upon the unlimited license ome lincs of steamors, $371,429 12, $7 ,379—the exoces of expenditures over receipts having that now prevails. — for the transportation of the mails between Havana | The weights of cloeod letter mails rocofved’ and sont | reached in that State the past year $581,315 87. But the restoration of the Uys See pais original aud Key West, and $49,942 $4 tor their. conveyauce be. | curing the year, were as follows:— ‘The conclusion thus arrived at is tho more gratifying, | adependovco cannot bo accomplished without the adoption tween the Key and Charleston andSavannab, though the | Prussian cloeod mails reoslved, 190,525 ounces, and | because the curtailmonts have been sparingly and ‘moet | of another moasure of Justice—that of chargiug ou tho latter part of the routo yields to the dopartmént arevenuo | sent, 116,406 ounces—total, 20,0213 ounces. Closed | carefully made, and have, it 18 Believed, in no instance | Public treasury all of but a few hundred aollars, Such an admiaietration of | mails from Groat Baitain for bsnada, 118,060 ounces, and.{ seriously iropalred the oflcicncy of the’ service, ‘Thoy ROUTES NOT STRICTLY POSTAL the postal fund would beto the last degree improvident | from Canaga for Great Britain, fos ait ounces—total, | have been made, too, with a most scrupulous regard The revenues of the department constitute a special and wasteful, as it would be unjust to the public to which | 217,531 ounces. British and Calitornia, Havana and Mexi- | to the rights of the Parties under their contracts | trust fund, of which the treasury is the eustodinn,and the ‘that fund belongs. can closed mails, received and sent, 30,4613 ounces, with the department. No ground at ail doubtful bas werniment of the United States the responsible irastes, MISCELLANEOUS. amount paid Great Britain for sea and territorial | been occupied, and uo step taken which was not fally fis fond pelongs to those by whom it has been coutribu- I regret to be compelled to announce that mo progress | tra on closed mails coo veyed through tho Untied King- | warranted by law and by the e: written ted, and stands pledged to moet the wants of the postal has been made towards the construction of either the Now | dom, war $125,979 7812, and the amount rooeived from | ments of the parties concerned. ver actual » | Service. The government, aa such, has no interest in it, York or rhilade!phia Poat oifices, The sito for the former | Great Britain on the British closed malls in transit through | therefore, May, in a fow isolated case, have been suifer- | but has simply charged itself with the duty of eed has not been purchased or sviector!, and the unsuccessfy! | tho United States, was £57,474 01, ed, no legal claim for iudemnitestion exits, amd should | administering it. There could’ be no more distinct an efforts of imy predeccesor: to that end have not beet re. | The negotiations, which were temporarily suspended, | any such be presented and allowed by Congress they | emphatic deciaration of the position asserted than is found wewed bY Me, because of the depresiod coadition of | having in view the reauction of the rates of ‘postage upon | should be paid from the public treasery. Ide contracts | ia the act of 1886. Tho government there fully recognizes the troasury. Tho want of a suitable building for the | letters and upon printed mattor, between this country and | with the department provide ia express terest forthe our- | and announces ite relation to the postal fund, and, ia view Post Oillce “in our great couimercial emporiuin is se. | Great Britain have been renewed, but, I regret to say, | tailment cf the service whenever, © @» slgmewt of the | of this rc cognition, any appropriation, in whole or ia part, yerely felt, slike by the public and by those concerned | Without apy cucouraging result, A most liberal proposi- | Postmaster General, the puble ketaney Somand it; | of the rovenuce of the department to purposes not strictly in the postal administration, anit the hope is iduiged that | ton was submitted by this department to the Postmaster | and, as this is a contingency comtem, a, wl ark ow the existing etabarrarsmente to the prosecation of the | General of En, land, and in view of the previous corres: | gag¢ments, and to which they are ae! <s (tu, when it work will have an early termination, pondence ov the subjec ‘The gale of cortain property in Philadeipbia, upon the | indulged that be woud unsound iu principle and fraught with ruinous conge- -ments, for the reciamation of swamps, P tnd ihe “conection of falroade and pubic buldingas hich this policy been nau: HOME AFFAIRS. es principisctoned i, that the United States, as a mar eysnithe proprietor, receives from’ the application of the grants to the ‘prescribed uses, @ compensation in the et 2, i eallabieness of the Anaaal Report of the Seeretary of the Inte- eubanced | value ee ge Une ace lanes Year 1859. origod =o cs lhorigee roucered. -Adber.ace to this policy bas streag- Ber hened the miliary power of the republic, and encour- br ae prompt pet Ri to ail dis for volantéers in time of ssuance of bounty land warrants for postal, is as fagrant a breach of (rust as would be poy: Piication of the Smithsonian fund to the improvement of a river or harbor, It is well known, however, that for a the oa was confidently | arises, It furnishes mo jos growed @ > apa Ke -mptly accede to it. Tt bas, | contract shall for this cause prove Wes cedvasermte than | series of yenis the government has been oceupied in ad- terms designated by the act of March 3, 1850, is a condi- | however, been deciived, and for reasons 80 unsatisfactory | was anticipated, it affords no reas why the copartment, | vancing eertain great national objects in the dires- tion precedent to any action for the erection of a Post | that, for the present, no disposition is felt \o pursue the | which bas kept its faith and exercised only ie acknow- | tion of our Pacific possessions, the eutire burden of office in that city. Tho provisions of that statute are pe- | matter further, lodged rights, should be held Wf, therefore, | which has been imposed upon this department, thoi ouliar, and it has not, after ro) endeavors, boen found WORENCIMENT. Congrees, in {te digcretion, sball think bwropor 0 grant a practicable to comply with . . Further legislation is The Post Office De artment, according to the | further compensation to such contractors, required to carry into effect tho purpose of the act referred ry of its Ge gingers, should be eelf-sustain- | may justly iusist that ite own revenues shall not bo bur- | tion of which har already boon presented in another con- to, aud I trust that the ackuowledged importance of the and because of the peculiar character of its func. | dened by such Congressional generosity. nection—will exhibit the cost and products of a few of subject to the whole people of Philadelphia, will secure to | ons should not bea charge on the common. typed Groat as tho gelief which this retrenchment hasafforded } the post routes in that region, which bavo been establighed to it prompt attention on the part of Congress, In this respect, the aspects and mission of the dopart- | to the finan the SeaeGhact ther measures of jus- | aud put into operation by authority of Jaw, and will make The act of Juno 14, 1858, ostablished 695 new post | ment are wholly unlike those of the other branches of the | tice to it must be adopted before if can recover that char- | manifest the depicrabvlo extent to which the postal fund routes, but made Do provision fur their porgort, has | government, oud demand » corresponding Principle of | actor of independence whioh it is entitled to assume and | has been diverted from its legitimate purposcs. To avoid een estimated that, to put thede and tho St. Paul and } administration. The dispengation mblio justice; the | maintain, Prominent among those measures is fractions, the annual rate is givon for the year closing Puget Sound route {nto operation would require, anuualiy, | onforcement of !aws enacted by national authority for the THR ABOLITION OF THE FRANKING PRIVILRCR, June 90, 1859:— Loss ta the upwards of $600,000, bosides the postal reocipts there’ | goncral Protection, and the vincication of the rights of the Tt ig, of course, not intended to assert that the corres- Cost. Receipts. Department. from. In the absence of the necessary means, and with a | republic Upon laud and on the sea, are duties whose por- | spondence of the goyernment should be transmitted at | Scmi-weekly mail from eonviction that to the undue expansion of the service on wn- | formanos is of the very essence Of our political system, | the personal charge of its functionaries, but only that the St. Louis and Mem- productive routes like these, is munty due the heavy pocu- | and affocting, aa they do dooply, every mombor of tho | cost of conveying auch correspondence, when. Passing lary burdens that now pregs updh and disable it, Thave | body politic, hey juntly clam their support from the fund } through the mails, should be defraye’ from the nation: 21800. not hesitated to postpone to a more pepeliions, day the ac- | which isthe contiibution sod property ofall, But, the: | treasury. There is no more reason why tho Post Office Weekly mail tre tdon on the part of the department which this act contem- | transportation of a loiter or poWspaper or Pumpbict for | Department, Sprowph, its contractors, should perform this Joseph, Mo., toSalt plates. Itig not believed tat avy serious inconvenionco | the citizen, is no more public business than wonld be tho | service gretultously for the government tlian there is Take City..,........ 190,000 4,210 00 186,790 00 will bo experienced by the country in consequence of this | transportation. of his Dereon or merchandise. Tt is an | that the steamboats and railroad companies of the coun- | Monthly mail from Ni delay. operation prompted by and performed in sabsorviency te | try showld transport its tr , munitions of war osho, Mo, vf Durlng the last son year onded June 30, 1860, thore | a private. persooal ttn ‘ t H ‘ wore purtineed vider pontehel aad Prt Vivo service niced,_sbbath. ben, Gor ceoteooe tater nanasee Gin. tee What shall’ be | — querque DePAHTMENT OF THE IvTRRIOR, Deo. 1, 1959. aur. Special dofiations “of laud have fi Sin—1 baye the bonor to lay bofore you, herewith, the / peg mace ip Horida, nm Oregon acd Washington, sod ia annual reports of the several offieers who have the im. | New Mexico, with a view Ww the early estabistment of a seals asco ome toate Scilla public secrice, | poyulation hare wehieO wou Mremathen. sehen nd serve a which by law have been placed under the supervision of | “16 entire syatem of grants and donatious {8 thts shown the Secrotary of the Interior, except that of tho Com- | to havo beon framed with reference to resulting federal government; and it is missioner of Patents, who reports directly to Congress highly importontto the federal gover nt ee its connection with these objects is cxcvedingly department | slight and only incidental. The suabjoine! table—a. por- fukt to say that those ends have been, to a great on tho first day of January in cach year, in pur- Aibmeohean thavithe United States is’ now suance of the requirements of a law enacted prior (0 the | benefits of former grants, Should, however, thenew of a gratuitons distribution of the pubilc lands be traneer of hat, burens fom the Deparment of Sle | a idee Banos ik be: ‘The papers now submitted embrace tho reports of tho | ¢6 emigration, land bounty can no longer be held Commissioner of the ceueral Land Ofice, the Comms. | Gn inducement to future military service, the ten 2 missioner of Pensions, | of acres ot bounty land warrants already iss sioner of Indian Atfairs, the Com! + | Outstanding will bo greatly 4 tho Commissioner of Public Buildings, the Board of [4- | piegged tothe now hates “will become spectors and Warden of the Peuilentiary, the Superintend. | Uioee heretofore mato will be Gi t Hospital for The laws by which the survey. ent and Board of Visiters of tho Government i Jauds are now regulated have been the Insane, the Fngineer !u charge of the Potomac Water | than half acentary. The geueral pre-emption Works, and the Prosident of the Colambtan Institution for | been in force for more oan eighteen years, a “ Dam rience: forty ‘dl tho Instruction of the Dead! and: Dumb and the Blind. "| {om Os" Seastnente om, the eaavewutjeck ‘Thore will also be found a statement of the distribution of | enactments regulating sales and’pro emptious have tho journals, books and documenta printed or purchesed | carefully adjusted with reference to teint oe end, by order of Congress. ‘Theeo reports will farnish infor. | practical bearings have become settle’ ane genset mation of the details of the service during the past year, } change of thi ait ‘well matured, 80 (co: thei i his, via El Pago, to Ben $600,000 $27,229 04 $572,770 06 Hal E 5g Ht f i z jary burden inseparable | the | character and tof write! Month} hy ‘ted bas inne, @ pecuniar) urden inseparal ‘a iT amount ol writen or ont mt Of mail bags and pouches (for lottork) ...........+. 8,696 | from it. The government has Veuarged itself with ] printed documents forwarded on behalf of the ‘san, Mo. , to Stockton, Of mail sacks (for Newspapers and’ other printed the establishment and superintendence of the pos- government, and under what safeguards against abuso,- Cali matter)... sete rene serene eBQ1AL Va le Rergoter Peculiar ties ce this complex | are qi extiong whose polation belong exclusively to pn roe d eo, rendered such intorvention ‘oes; and which itis not my pui ‘at present to dis. Making total number of all kinds..,....+,..,..,,80,807 ! indispensable, The service, to be effectual, had ‘0 bo ju. * Tedesire to maintain: only the general Proposition 1,266 00 78,744 00 TINUED ON EIGHTH PAGE) GOL 00 198,847 00 © and explain the manner in which the appropriations made