The New York Herald Newspaper, December 19, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GOR OFvicg N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON Ts se 108s, oonh te odwence. Money vont by matt vill Be at the ore Me conars domme mi renieal a0 eaeergtien Y' AERALD too conts per copy, $1 per annum, TEREN HERALD. cocry Raturda, at tte, conte ver anmnum: the European Elition We 4 jx” hapy, Bison anni to any part af Great Birdtaims part of the Contin, both fo include portage: the he Gh and Wh of each ‘at she conte num. ‘RALD on Wednestay, at four eats per Votume XXIV, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. LO'S GARDER, Broadway.-Sotoren soe Love—Lxs Lks—MaGic TRUMPET. a BOWERY TAEATRE, Bowery.—Rev Rancer—Insuneec- a10N—Cutow -Cuow WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond street— OeroKoon WALLACK!S THEATRE, Broadway.-—Rrerrnopr’s Frienp—Poury anp Piety, LAURA KEENE’S THEATRE, 624 Broadway.—Distant Re.arions. NEW BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.- Oog Inisa Cov- BIN—Po CO-NON-TAS~HERCULES. ‘3 AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—After- Pry. Evening—Lapy or Lyoxs. MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway— Bunivrqves, Sones, Dances, &g—Suarnisx Panty. NIBLO'R SALOON, Broadway.—Gro. Cnnisty’s Mry- Brieis ix SonGs, Dancxs, Boniesqves, ke.—Axtrut Doncer, NEW OPERA HOUSE, 72) Broadway.—Daarson's] Pan Low Orears ao Lygic Provenas. CHATHAM AMPHITHEATRE.—Kqvesraian Penronm- | ANCES—PUTN AM—FicENc! Kuve Sovomoy’s Teavie. | TEMPLE HALL, Ninth s! HOPE CHAPE 720 Broadway.—Wavou's Trauta, New York, Monday, December 19, 1859. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. New York Herald—California Edition. The mail steamship North Star, Capt. Jones, will teave this port (o-morrow (Tuesday) afternoon, at two o'clock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific ‘will close at one o'clock to morrow afternoon. The New York Weenty Heratp—California edition— containing the latest tntelligence from all parts of the world, with a large quantity of local and miscellaneous matter, will be published ageleven o’elock in the morn- ing Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six ceats. Agents will please send in their orders as early as pos- Bible The News. The Vanderbilt, which left Southampton on the th inst., inthe evening, arrived here yesterday noon, having been off the Highlands on Saturday night—a most rapid rua for this season of the year. The North American, from Liverpool, ar- rived at Portland yesterday, brings dates to the 8th inst. The news is three days later then that by the America, but is not of special importance. Cotton was rather in favor of buyers ia Liver- pool-on the 6th inst., and flour had declined. Sugar ‘was in active demand atan advance in London. Coffee was steady. Consols closed in London on the 6th inst. at 97} to 7, or at 955 to } withont the dividend. Business Was rather animated. | The European Congress would meet on the 5th | of January, but it was thought that little busi- | ness would be done before the 15th of the month. | An important announcement is made to the effect that England will not send a plenipotentiary direct from London to the body, but that Lord Cowley, being in Paris, would attend the sittings, being instructed to make his interference in Italian affairs as little prominent as possible. Serious agitation prevailed still in Italy. Com- mander Maniscalca, Director of the Sicilian Police, had been stabbed while walking near the Cathedral | in Palermo, with his wife andechildren. Garibaldi again anticipated a new revolution. Tae General jhad had an interview with the Dowager Empress of Russia at Nice. England had forty thousand volunteer riflemen in arms in November. The allied expedition against China would be of Breat farce. There is news from Australia dated at Sydney on the 15th and Melbourne on the 17th of October. ‘The exports of gold had declined. A fire in Hong Kong, China, destroyed over $100,000 of property on the 19th of October. The Ambassadors from Japan to Washington would leave Nagasaki in the Powhatan on the 22d of February. A letter from a correspondent on board the steamship Mississippi, at Penang, China, informs us that that ship arrived at that port October 21, on her passage home, and expected to reach here about the Ist of February. A despatch from Ceylon, dated at Colombo on the 16th of November, reports:—There is a great Bearcity of labor. Trade dull. Manila reports of the 224 of October say:—Mar- kets dull. Sugar and hemp unaltered. Freights to England £1 10s. a £2. The news from South America is dated:—Bue- mos Ayres, Oct. 31; Montevideo, the ist; Rio Janeiro, the 9th; Bahia, the 15th; and Pernambuco, the 16thof November. Some fuller particulars con. cerning the advance of Gen. Urquiza on Buenos Ayres are given. Coffee was getting scant in sup- ply at Rio, and dealers asked high rates. Sugars had fallen at Bahia. Coffee was firm aad cocoa ‘was in good demand, but without advance. Very little sugar had been entered at Pernambuco. Hides rated at 265 a 270 reals, or 7fd. a 7 13-16d., at which abont 10,000 had been purchased. From the French West Indies we have news dated at Martinique and Guadaloupe on the 27th ofOctober. The journals state that the quantity of Bugar of the present season exported to France from Martinique, up to 1st October, was 52,777 ks, and that 3 were to be sent off} they ‘m the preceding advices that the prospects of next year's crop are very promising. A despatch from New Orleans informs us that (ol. Lockridge was to sail for Brownsville, Texas, in the steamship Arizona, on the 16th inst., with twenty men, to aid in putting down the Mexican bandit, Cortinas. The body of John E. Cook, executed at Charles. town, Va., on Friday last, arrived-dn Williamsburg about one o'clock on Sunday morning. On examin- ing the body it was found that decomposition had commenced, and that the face and neck were much discolored. The process of embalming the body ‘was gone through, and yesterday the discoloration had been removed. The funeral services will take place on Tuesday, at ten o'clock, at the residence of Samuel L. Harris, Esq., No. 114 South Ninth Btreet, Williamsburg, and not at the Reformed Dutch charch, at previously announced. Rey. Dr. D. W. Cahill, the eminent Irish oon- troversialist, of the Romam Catholic Church, lec- tared last evening in the Academy of Musie, to one of the largest assemblies that every thronged that cepacious edifice. His subject was, “The insuffi- ciency of human reason to acquire Christian faith;” and the lecture was eloquent and ably deli- vered. The applause with which Dr. Cabill and his,discourse were received was of the most enthu- Riastic order. The thirty-third anniversary of the male branch of the City Tract Society, and the tlirty-seventh of tue female branch, was held last eveulng at the Re- NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1859. fermed Dutch church corner of Fifth avenue and Twenty-ninth street, and was attended by a crowd- ed audience. he reports of the treasurers of both branches were read, from which it appeared that they were ina highly prosperous condition. The Rev. Dr. Lathrop was then introduced, and deliver ed a very eloquent address on the advantages de- rived from the City Tract Society. The Rey. Dr. Hope, Professor of Belles Lettros at Princeton College, died yesterday morning. ‘Tho sales of cotton on Saturday eurbraced about 700 a 800 bales, closing rather dull, at 114¢c. for middling uplands. Flour opened dull, and closed at a slight decline for some grades of State and Western, while bales were limited. Southern was unchanged, and sales moderate. Transac- tions in wheat were also light, including Keutucky white at $160 $155, Micbigan do. at $1 452 $150, Southero at $1 40, and red State at $125. Corn was firm and in fair demand, with sales of new and old yellew and mixed at 92c. a $1. Pork was heavy and easier, with sales of mess at $16, and prime at $1137}{. Sugars were firm, and closed at fully ‘jc. per pound advance on the week's sales. The transactions yesterday embraced 500 a 600 hhds., 500 boxes, and 3,000 bags Brazil, at full prices. Sale of 2,000 bags of Rio coffee wore made on private terms. Freights were firm, and engagements were mo- erate The Great Union Meeting To-Night. The Union meeting, convened by a call signed by some five thousand merchants of New York, whose names have appeared in an obscure jour- nal, will take place this evening at the Acade- my of Music. No doubt it will be a numerous gathering; the signers alone would make a very respectable assemblage. But the impor- tant point is not whether the meeting will be | large or small, or whether it will have fine ora- tors, or men of plain unvarnished speech; but whetber anything practical will be done, and whether those who constitute the meeting have | | atrue appreciation of the crisis at which the country has arrived, and of the right remedy | to meet the danger—whether they will consent to be mere puppets, moved by a set of wire- | pullers whose object is to use this demonstra- | tion for the advantage of their own dirty party | politics, which have contributed so largely to | bring the Union to the verge of dissolution, | or whether they realise the grandeur and sub- | limity of an occasion whioh places the desti- nies of the nation in their hands. This meeting, it is true, has been concocted by a few broken down politicians, who knew that such a demonstration was generally de- sired, and would take place with or without their assistance. They anticipated the action of the merchant princes of New York, in order to repair the disaster which befel them in the late municipal election, and to control the Presidential Convention at Charleston. Their artful design is to make it appear that the meeting is theirs, and not the expression of the signers, or of those who will attend upon their call. The preliminaries are so arranged as to give this aspect to the meeting. But if the merchants are not entirely destitute of self- esteem, and know how to consult their own dignity, they will compel the representatives of Tammany Hall and the Albany Regency to take back seats, while they stand forward themselves and give a tone to the whole pro- ceedings. What effect could a meeting have at the South that appeared to emanate from the mise- rable remnant of an expiring faction which is confessedly in a small minority in the city of New York? What consolation would it be to the Southern States, or what assurance of sym- pathy and support could they derive from the fact that the dirty Coal Hole and the treach- erous Regency, who lately betrayed the pri- vate confidence of the Governor of Virginia, now suddenly pretend to stand by the constitu- tional rights of the South, which they have been sapping and undermining with al) diligence for | the last few years, and even within the pre- sent month? Well mightsome sagacious leader of the South adopt the warning of Laocoon to the Trojans, when the Greeks, pretending that they had abandoned hostilities and had re- turned home, left behind them a treacherous wooden horse as a gift to their goddess Mi- nerva, which was secretly filled with armed men, who afterwards came forth from their hiding place, and in the darkness of the night opened the gates of the city to their friends, who now emerged from their ambush. “Do you believe,” exclaimed Laocoon, “that the enemy have really withdrawn? or do you think thatany gifts of the Greeks can be free from stratagem and deceit? Is it thus Ulysses is known to you? Either the Greeks are hid- den in this wooden fabric, or it has been con- structed as an engine against our walls, to com- mand our houses and descend upon the city, or some other treachery lurks in it. Do not trust the horse, Trojans. Whatever is intended by it, I fear the Greeks, and suspect their mo- tives when they offer us gifts.”’ And Laocoon was right, as the event proved, It was a fatal gift to the Trojans, and resulted in the destruction of their city after a siege of ten years. John C. Calhoun was in the habit of quotirg from the original the last line of this passage of Virgil: “'Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes;” and the treachery of Northern poli- ticians has only made it too appropriate. The repeal of the Missouri Compromise by the Kan- sas and Nebraska bill, concocted by General Pierce and his Cabinet, and Mr. Douglas, their organ in the Senate, appeared to be a splendid gift to the South, but it has led to the present revolutionary movement at the North, which meditates the overthrow of the cherished insti- tutions of the South; or the dissolution of the United States. The South is not likely to put any faith in the blarney of a Union meeting if it appears to emanate from the free soil wing of the democracy in this State, which has ever been the sworn foe of the South. It rests, therefore, with the merchants themselves whether they will render the meeting effective, or permit it to be worse than a nullity—a mockery of the South. It is not too late to de- feat the machinations of the political gamblers and thimble-riggers. The merchants have only to take the management into their own hands, and make the meeting their own, giving it a practical direction, worthy of the habits and intelligence of business men. If the merchant princes of this great city only knew their own power, and felt the importance of their position, they might rule New York, and through it the State, like the merchants of Florence, who, in the time of the Italian repub- lics of ‘the Middle Ages, made their city the cen- tre of political power, as it was of wealth and the arts. They have the intelligence and the riches to do this. But instead of attending to their political duties, they have given up the government of the city to the worst class of men in the community—professional politicians, who make a trade and a business of it, briefless lawyers, shoulder hitters, rowdies, loaters, thieves and blacklegs. But it is not too late for them to take the reins into their own hands, and they ought to do it pre hesitation. Now om véver is tbe time toact. A revolution which will destroy their wealth and bring the country to rain is hastening to its denouement. Let them iaterpose promptly and assert their manhood. Republics are subject to these mutations and dangers. The republic of ancient Rome was six times on the verge of destruction betweea the struggles of the plebeians and the pa- tricians, and even secessions took place. But the intelligence and the patriotism of the coun- try always arose, and by compromises and by moderation, mixed with firmness and decision, they averted the danger. The same glorious privilege is now offered to the merchants of New York. By making a beginning in the right direction they can avert the danger which threatens the country with a civil war, involving the destruction of this mighty con- federacy of States, the greatest calamity that ever happened to the human race, Let our mercantile men, jtherefore, take a decided stand, and, instead of empty vaporing speeches or resolutions, which amount to nothing, let them nominate the best man in the country for President in this great emergency, and the whole country will immediately follow their example. In 1540, when the subversion of our institutions was menaced by the wild doctrines of Owen and Fanny Wright, which had gained au ascendency in Tammany Hall and in other sections of the North, the conser- vative elements of the country rallied around the hero of Tippecanoe and the Thames, and put down those revolutionary ideas. They have now a far geater man to rally around— the hero of Niagara and Chippewa, of Queens- town and Fort George, of Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo and the city of Mexico—a mau who has proved himself as wise in the arts of peace and in statesmanship as he is acknowledged to be great in war—a man whose conservatism can- not be questioned, and whose election to the Presidency at this dangerous crisis would uot only restore domestic harmony once more, but would elevate the character of the country in the eyes of all nations. The European Congress—Imperialism in the Ascendant. By ‘the Vanderbilt we have four days later news from the Old World. The prominent event of Europe at the time of her departure was the proximate meeting of the general Con- gress at Paris, which is announced to take place on the Sth of next month, This Congress presents several remarkable features which are worthy of attention. First, it is to be formally attended by all the Powers which met at the celebrated Congressof Vienna in 1815, with a few additions of seeondary States, and is the first formal gathering of those Powers since that’ time. Second, France is re- presented in it by the Napoleonic dynasty, which all of these Powers bound themselves at Vienna forever to exclude from the French throne, and the Congress meets under the wgis of the Napoleonic, and not of the Austrian eagle, as before. Third, that England takes very little part in the Congress, sending no special representative, but merely authorizing her ambassador at Paris to take sufficient in- terest in it to know what is going on, and to explain her views when occasion shali «rise. No one knows, probably not even the pri::.:ipal Powers themselves, what the Congres. will do; but it meets under influences widely different from those which ruled at th: \.ne of its predecessor. Then the nation- aac just come out of a struggle with the first Napoleon, to which the dynasties had excited ''.x peoples by the promise of constitutional 1.vms of go- vernment. Some of these promises were rati- fied by the Congress itself, but few of them were ever performed. Now Europe has just recovered from the shock of contending empe- rors, and imperialism meets to lay down the chart of dynastic politics for perhaps a genera- tion. That is as long as its determinations can be expected to bind the developement of the age, if, indeed, they endure so long. The circumstances under which the Congress meets render unnecessary any formal recision of the covenants of 1815. The admission of France under its present ruler is the practical and most effective abrogation that could be had of the pact to exclude the Napoleonic dy- nasty from Europe. It not only shows that it is non-effective, but in requiring no previous declaration that it is void, the Bourbon claims are treated with a silent contempt which marks their approaching extinction. In the adhesion of England to the Congress we have a formal renunciation of the old tory policy on her part, which, under George the Third, endeavored to change the destinies of the Continental nations and dynasties; and in the almost silent participation which she has deter- mined to accept, there is evident a disposition to have as little connection as possible with the political combinations of the unlimited monarchies. Europe is thus left at the mercy of three men—Louis Napoleon, Alexander and Francis Joseph. Their counsels will determine the action of the Congress; and from the conflict of their different interests may we alone expect any concessions to the aspira- tions of the people. . From what has already transpired it is not probable that they will force the Malian duchies to receive their banished rulers, and it is very possible that they may consent to their annexation to the kingdom of Piedmont. This will create a strong Italian power in the north- ern part of that peninsula; but it leaves the Legations at the mercy of the Pope, and Naples under the rule of one ofthe worst of despotisms. Thus the leaven of revolution will be left in Italy to work out the results begun in Paris in 1789, and continued in 1830 and 1848. The Congress may renew towards her the profes- sions which its predecessor made to Germany; but the Papacy will resist their being fulfilled as sturdily as Austria has resisted the constitu- tional reforms which were promised to the smaller States around her. England has steadily declined to intervene in the Papal question, and Europe has, therefore, no hope of safety from the dangers with which she is menaced by the retrograde policy of the Court of Rome, supported by the Emperor of Austria, but in the common sense of Louis Napoleon and Alex- ander of Russia. It is no doubt in view of this state of facts that the sessions of the Con- gress are so generally expected to endure for some months. The imperfect understanding at Villafranca will be discussed and referred over and over again, until the winter has passed and the season for military operations is again athand, when a new series of events may com- bine to overthrow all the calculations of the high priests of kingcraft. The Impending Crisiy to Northern In- a mica) Independence and Wealth of the South, The impending criais to the commerce aud manufactures of the North, which is gathering in force through the fanatical teachings of a few hundred Northera demagogues and _politi- cal parsons, is beginning to come home to the public mind and awakening it to a recognition of the true relations of Northern aud Southera industry. The abolitionized republican party managers are constantly endeavoring to falsify the fucts of the case, and the agrarian incen- diary Helper frequently asserts that the South- ern States are steeped in poverty and wretch- edness, and to support this statement he brivgs forward a series of garbled statistics, made up from the census reports, and which few Northern readers will take the trouble to analyze befure accepting. He introduces what he calls “the bushel and gallon” estimate of the production and wealth of the South, with a foolish rhodomoutade, from which we extract the following most sin- gular exposition of political economy we have ever met with: Any observant American, from whatever point of the compass he may bail, who will take the trouble to pass through the Southern markets, both great and small, as we bave done, and inquire where thus article, that and the other came from, will be utterly astonished at the variety and quantity of Northern agricultural productions kept for gale. And this state of things is growing worse and worse every year. Exclusively agricultural as the South is in her industrial pursuits, she is barely able to sup- port her sparse and degenerate population. Her men und her domestic animals, both dwarfed into shabby ob- Jects of commiseration under the blighting effects of slavery, are constantly feeding on the multitarious pro- duets uf Northern soil, And if the whole truth must be told, we may here add, that these produ ike all other articles of merchandise purchased at the North, are gene- rally bought ou credit, and, iv ayreat number of in- by far too man’ r paid for—not, a8 a general mostor unwilling to werished aud depressed dud deadening operations of slavery , tat most unprolitavic and peraicious institution under which they live. Ju this case the witness, like too many others who bave gone upon the stand to support an unsound cause, proves too much. He ac- knowledges his astonishment at the variety and quantity of Northern agricultural productions sold at the South, but which are never paid for, not because the purchasers are dishonest, but because they are impoverished and de- pressed “by the retrogressive and deadening operations of the institution under which they live.” Now there is not a merchant, trader, farmer, manufacturer or ship owner, from the capes of Delaware to Passamaquoddy, but knows that, as a class, the merchants and tra- ders of the South are the safest and best pur- chasers that come from a distance to buyin our Eastern markets. It is patent, too, to every sensible man in the community, that when the crisis came upon us in 1857, ripping up the bubble of Eastern and Northern expansion, it was the trade of the South that saved thou- sands upon thousands of our merchants from bankruptey then, and which first set the wheels and hammers of our manufactories again in motion. The trade of the great Northwest was as rotten as punk .at that time, and has not yet entirely recovered a sound condition. But the South for the last twenty years has never failed in its payments to. the North, and instead of getting large amounts of agricultural productions and of manufactures on a credit which is never paid, there is not a Northern merchant or producer of any kind but would be glad to- day to sell to the South twice as much of North- ern products as he now sells. é Even Helper cannot but confess the magni- tude of the Southern consumption of Northern productions, and yet he is foolish enough to argue that the North should destroy the South by an aggressive and agrarian invasion of its social institutions. The first effect of such a policy as Helper and his sixty-eight black re- publican Congreesional backers recommend would be to destroy the great Southern market for Northern productions, which he acknow- ledges exists. Such a result would throw back upon the Northern market the surplus of pota- toes, onions, apples, corn, hay, butter and cheese, which Northern’ farmers now sell in the South, and the innumerable fabrics of cotton, linen, wool, Igather, metal, glass, elay, &c., which it now takes from Northern workshops. Helper and his helpers may not be able to fore- see what effect such a closing of the Southern markets would have upon the North; but there is not & banker, merchant, or any other man of common sense, who does not see that it would affect values of all kinds, and produce a greater financial revulsion here than has ever before been experienced. We do not believe that the North is so blind as to permit such agrarian incendiaries as Helper and his abolition associates to lead it into the adoption of their aggressive policy against the South, and are confident that the common sense and patriotism of the conserva- tive masses will save us from such a catas- trophe. But the agitation which these fanatics in the North are getting up is fast driving the South into the adoption of certain principles of political economy, which will eventually de- stroy the Southern market for Northern pro- ductions. Already the idea of industrial inde- pendence is rife there, and efforts are being begun to stimulate local efforts in production and manufacture. Cotton mills are on foot, forges and foundries set up, workshops of all kinds opened, and a general public feeling is being created to use or consume no one thing not grown on Southern soil, or*manufactured on a Southern water privilege or by a Southern steam engine. Direct trade with foreign coun- tries is a thing easily accomplished by the South, for we have been able to concentrate it at the North only through the ease, frequency and friendliness of our communications with the South. For such an economical policy the South is eminently independent of the North. She need not rely on us for the raw materials— such as cotton and wool, timber and ores, hides and earths—nor for the products which are now necessaries in civilized life— such as the cereals, sugar, and tobacco. She has them ail within herself, and should she be driven into forcing an economical policy tike that which separates the contiguous nations of Europe trom each other, sbe will find it of easier accomplishment than ever has before been found. On the day that she does this the North will become tributary to the South, and it will puzzle Northern economists to find wherewith to pay for the Southern productions which we must buy—snch as sugar and tobacco, cotton and naval stores. These are now paid for in “Yankee Notions,” whieh can either be produced or substituted by Southern industry. Suvh a policy in the domestic political economy of the Union would strike a severe blow at ite industrial progress, and the great effects would be felt, not in the South, but in the North. The fecling that wil! prompt thousands of our citizens to gather to-night at the Academy of Music spriegs from this conviction, and ft is one that requires something move than empty declamation. We must have a conservative organization, and men must prepare for action in support of the constitution and the rights of all sections of the Union. Tue Civ. Wan ty rae Arakyrine Coxrepe- RaTION.—It will have been seen, by the des- patches which we published yesterday, and by the additional news bronght by the Vanderbilt, and published this morning, that the advatnage gained by Urquiza in forcing the channel of’ Martin Garcia, an- nounced some days since, has been fol- lowed by an important {and victory, which has enabled him to advance upon Buenos Ayres. The island of Martin Garcia com- mands the channel through which the Uru- guay and the main branches of the Parana empty into the La Plata. It was supposed to protect effectually the entrance of the upper waters, all vessels of more than eight feet draught being compelled to pass within pistel shot of its shore. The six steamers fitted out at Montevideo by Urquiza not only forced their passage fhfough, but dismantled one of the forts, and then effected a junction with the four other vessels of the-Argentine squadron higher up, thus obtaining the command of the entire river to its mouth. This advantage led to an immediate conflict between the land forces of the two governments, which were en- camped on the borders of Buenos Ayres. The result was the complete defeat and demoraliza- tion of the Buenos Ayres troops, and their re- treat on the town, At the last accounts Urqniza was marching upon the latter, so that the question between him and his opponents may be regarded as definitively settled. It is not likely that, now that he has obtained the supreme control of the upper and lower waters, and of the open country to its walls, the city will make any serious effort at resistance. Thus Buenos Ayres is reaping the just re- ward of ber own perfidious and grasping policy. In this contest she has pursued the same course which under Rosas proved so sui- cidal to her interests. By seeking to concen- trate all the trade of the Confederation in her own port, to the exclusion of other places equally entitled to it, she gave to Rosario all the importance that it now possesses, and de- feated the very object that she had in view, inasmuch as duties, the same as on foreign ar- ticles, are now levied there on all goods im- ported from or through Buenos Ayres. The hostility to Urquiza, which has been put forth as a pretext for the secession of the latter State, was never at any time the real motive that influenced its advocates. That step was dictated mainly by a desire to monopolize all the commercial advantages that were expected to be gained by making Buenos Ayres the port of entry for the rest of the Confederation, and compelling the other States to submit to the ascendency thus obtained. Urquiza, who over- turned Rosas and put an end to his selfish and tyrannical policy of commercial aggrandize- ment, is once more master of Buenos Ayres, and will compel its people to recognise the just claims of their co-confederates. If he should inflict a little wholesome chastisement upon them, the world will not feel much sym- pathy for their distresses. Tae Unton Ferry Scoeme—Manauvres or tHe Monorotists.—If the law’s delays occasion- ally press hardly upon the honest suitor, it must be admitted that they are sometimes con- ducive to the ends of justice. But for the in- junction granted against the sale of the ferry leases, the monopolists who are in the present enjoyment of them would be rejoicing over the results of their underhand scheming and corrup- tion. There never was, perhaps, a more impu-_ dent attempt to sacrifice the public interests for the benefit of a few individuals than has been made in this case. Without a decent pre- text of any sort, without a word of defence against the grave charges that have been brought against them, thee persons have gone on silently plotting and buying up every ob- stacle that stood in their way. Even when, through a show of decency, a committee was appointed by the Board of Aldermén to report upon the expediency of complying with the memorial of the Brooklyn people, their inftu- ence succeeded in suppressing the report. We know not by what agency this was effected, but the persons appointed by the Board are, we think, bound in duty to their own charac- ters to come forward and explain the reasons why no steps were taken to give effect to the agreement at which the joint committee of con- ference had arrived. If ever there was a case in which the pro- crastinating resources of lawyers could be just- ly interposed it is in this. The sale of the leases has been postponed to Wednesday next merely, the monopolists being in hopes that by that time, and on an exparte application, they will, without notice being given, succeed in getting the injunction dissolved. We trust that Judge Hogeboom will appreciate the im- portance of the public principles involved in this question, and refuse to facilitate the cor- rupt objects which the monopolists have in view. There can be no rational argument put forward for haste in its decision, for the ferry leases do not expire for sixteen months longer, and no honest interest can be damaged by delay. On the other hand, by forcing on the sale at present, withouta limitation of the fares to a fair paying point, a great wrong and op- | pression will be inflicted on a community who demand no more than is just and reasonable, and who are quite willing that the Union Com- pany shall have the leases if they will only be content with the usual profits upon inveat- | ments of this kind. It is to be hoped, therefore,. that the Court which has granted this injunc- tion will carefully weigh any representations that may be brought to bear on it to induce it to facilitate the premature sale of these leases, With the full delay which the law accords in such proceedings, this iniquitous combination may yet be defeated, and the public protected against a monstrous imposition, : Or@aNization OF THE Hocse.—If the. republi- cans are as desirous of avriving at a speedy or- ganization of the House as they pretend to be, why do they not select some other candidate for Speaker from their ranks, who will have a better chance than Sherman? They ought not to expect that a man who is so obnoxious to the majority as be is will waite the number of votes requisite to bis election. A candidate who has endorsed Helper’s book can be ac- ceptable to no national man of any party, and they should, therefore, fix upon some other See ern meee ene attached to him. This Is the only practical way of testing their sincerity. What is the reason that the repulHesns shrink from itt Abourmon Fanaricism awD THE Stoow Kicv CHANGE.—The quotations of Southern State stocks om our Stock Exchange at the present time, compared with the rates quoted previous to the Harper's Ferry insurrection, may, per- haps, be taken as a fair indication of the veffect which that assault upon the interests and rights of the South has produced upon the capitalists of the North. Referring to their quotations, we have made out three lists: one showing the rates of Southern stocks from the 11th to the 15th of October, immedi- ately before the Brown foray upon Virgimia; another immediately after that event, from: the 20th to the 29th; and anether on Saturday Inet, after the final act of the tragedy had been con- summated by the execution of Brown’s four companions at Charlestown, The following is the result:— Od. 29. Dec. 14. 94% 98: 8x 3 North Carolina 6's Cif Here we perceive that Virginia State stocks and those of Missouri alone have experi- enced a very slight depression at the last quo- tation, and none at all while the Harper’s Ferry excitement was at its height, while those of Tennessee and North Carolina have risen since that affair. These facts, we think, go very far to show that the capitalists of New York feel confident of the power and will of the great conservative element of the coun- try ina crisis like the present. One of the cheering signs of the times is that the course of finance is not disturbed by the mad pranks of the fanatics and trading politicians. —_=_———— INTERESTING FROM WASHINGTON. The Struggle for the Speakership—Trea= sury Estimates for the Fiscal Year—The Mextean Treaty—Indiana Delegates to the Charleston Convention—The Senate Printing—Phe Clerk of the House, &c. OUR SPECIAL WASHINGTON DESPATCH. ‘Wasmncrox, Dec. 18, 1859. THE SPEAKERSHIP, It is reported to day that five anti-Lecompton men have agrced to yote for Miles Taylor for Speaker, if by so doing they can olect him. These, with twenty-three South Americans, will give him a majority over Sherman. ‘Thero are six or eight of the latter, however, who have thus far refused to give in their adhesion, ‘There has been no change in the programme for Speak- er which will affect Mr. Sherman. Tho democrats may exchange Mr. Bocock off for Mr. Taylor of Louisiana, in the hope of winning some of the South Americans, be- cause Mr. Taylor is said to be opposed to Mr. Buchanan. ‘This will not satisty the South Americans, inasmuch as Taylor is a Lecompton man, which is the obnoxious point tothem. They may dislike Mr. Buchanan, but they hate Lecompton. The exchange, therefore, will not pay. The friends of the administration willgpppose the change, om the ground that it isa reflection upou the President to bring forward one of his declared enemies as am available candidate. ‘The disposition of the democracy to refuse the plurality rule is unchanged, and creates a bitter feeling of indigna- tion on the part of the mai} contractors. They are making a severe pressure. The answer to their appeals is some- times made tliat the Post Office Department has been car- ried on for more than six months without money,and can go on in the same manner for a while longer. Some members are very anxious to go home Christmas and New Year, but cannot see any way how they can enjoy that luxury in the present disorganized state of af- fairs. * The members of the House of Representatives cannot get their pay till a Speaker is elected—his warrant on the ‘Treasury being necessary for that purpose. In the mean- time, however, Mr. Glossbrenner, Sergeant-at-Arms of the last House, has advanced to various members sums amounting in the aggregate to forty or fifty thousand dol- lars, which he has generously raised on his individual credit. While this delay is going on, Mr. Allen, who suddenly finds himself the presiding officer of the greatest deliberative bedy in the world, the Doorkeeper, Sergeant-at-Arms, Postmaster and their subordinates, and he pages selected by the last Congress, are having a good time at the expense of the government. TRE CLERESHIP. Forney has the inside track for Clerk of the House, if it is ever organized. The republicans seem quite idiffe- rent whether the democrats will allow {t to organize or not. They say the democrats are doing a good business for republicanism. ‘THE SENATE COMMITTEES. ‘The Senate caucus yesterday agreed to the report of the sub-committee in the arrangement of committees, and they will be reported and voted for in Senate to morrow. It is understood that a pretty sharp debate will follow their announcement. THE SENATE PRINTING. There will be a Senatorial caucus of democrats to-mor- row morning, when it is said the contest wik be between Bowman and Wendell for Printer, and i is believed that Wendell will beat Bowman, although the latter has the influence of the Executive. Wendell is quite sanguine of success. Should he succeed, with that prestige he will stand a better chance of controlling the Prioting of the departments. MR. VALLANDIGHAM’S SPRECH, ‘The republicans are making the best possible use of Mr. Vallandighbam’s speech, as reported in the New Yor« Henarp, declaring that it is the only accurate one publish- ed. They are sending it into his district. OFFICE SEEKERS LEAVING ¥OR HOME. Some of the candidates for offices under the prospectize incoming administration of the House are leaving ina hopeless condition. This will reduce the demand for and price of liquors. ESTIMATES FOR THE FISCAI, YEAR The estimates for the next fiscal year will not exceed sixty millions of dollars, a reduction of twenty millions as compared with Pierce's administration, and about seven millions less than those of Inst year. This great reduc- tion is almost entirely due to the persistent eflurts ant watchfulness of Mr. Buchanan. INDIANA DELEGATES 10 TUE CHARLESTON CONVENTION Intelligence was re@ived here to.day that Indiana had elected her delegates to the Charleston Convention, and instructed them to vote for Douglas. This-is.a decided tri- umph over Bright and Fitch, and secures the entire Northwest to the Little Giant. ‘THE MEXICAN TREATY. Oar government has received no authentic intelligence that the Mexican treaty bas been nogotiated; neither has the Mexican Minister any intelligence upon the subject, notwithstanding Senor Lerdo had written to a gentlemaa in this city that since his arrival the Juarez government had yielded the points in dispute. IMPORTANT TO PRINTERS AND PURLISIES. ‘The Post Office Department states, for the information of editors, subscribers and postmasters, that the method of addressing newspapers to subscribers by attaching to each copy of the paper a printed slip, containing, in.addi- tion to the name of the subseriber, the date when bis sub- ‘scription expires, and in some cases the amount due thereon—matter which forms.no part of the addross, and is neither a bill nor a receipt—is a violation of postal laws, and subjects each copy 0 addressed to letter postage. ‘THE PAGIFIO RAILROMD BIL. Senator Gwin will introduce to-morrow his Pacific Rail- road bill, GONSUL, TO HAVRE. The President will send to. the Sonase to-morrow the- name of Francis J. Grund aa Consu! te Havre. Applicar ions for this placo have bean very numerous, and the struggle very animated. Mr. Figanoris, the Portuguese Minister, ia here om busi- hers connected with the Separtment of State. The weekly California mall from New Orleans via ‘Texas is resumed under the Giddings and Wood manage. meat, as Raretofore. Death of Rev. Dr. Hope. Prixceron, N.J., Deo. 18, 1859 Row. Pr. M. B. Hope, Professor of BoRes Letters, died suddenly yesterday at eleven A. M. Arrival of the America. Boston, Deo. 18, 1849. member of their body who bas not that stigma * he Conard steamship America, from Liverpool vie