The New York Herald Newspaper, December 4, 1859, Page 2

* fully seaworthy, five 2 gels almost nono at all, and @ gross population, all told, @iat soarcely amounts to halfa million souls. The Eaglish ; NEW YORK HERALD; SUNDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1859. and 4,000 persons, was full to the ceiling. Good music was Promised and good music was given Moyerboor com: posed the Schuler March oxpreesiy fer this vocasion, aud are already at hostilities with China, and consequently | though, m consequence of the crowded state of the build- Ihave good reason for eonding troops and munitions of ‘war in large quamties to the Pacific, Now,I have good reason to know that tholr plan of aotion is the following:— ‘Tho arts of diplomacy consist in concealing your thougits, amboozling'your opponents, and creating delay. While ho mouse siceps the oat watches. All, or nearly all, the troops that Great Britain sends to China will go round tho Horn, to concentrate at some of the well known stop- ping places on that side—Valparaiso, the Gallipagos, Pa- nama, San Juan dol Sur, or Acapulco, Ten or twelve Gays, then, will carry orders from Downing sftoes or her ‘Majosty’s Miniator at Washington to the Admiral in com- mand. In this mice little scheme tho Great Kastern is to figure. Her repairs and finishing are going on without easing, but in a very unostentatious manner. If found six thousand troops and six or eight thousand tons non, small arms, shot, shell and powder are to be put on board, and away she goes with gealed orders, perhaps ostensibly for China via the Cape ‘ef Good ‘as there aro coals at Vancouver's Islan 1, ‘and more on the way, she will only havo to coal for the ‘voyage out. Then, in three or four months, if Jonathan is not disposed to surreauer the island, an overwhelming ce eye A imu es pernporge et ‘a single day, foubtif Mr. Buchanan and Gonoral scoti, with all a | i E : ees are to be got round or circumvent. atpiqmacy, by a coup de main, and aot by up fight. Pat this whole matter ia your pives and gee which way the smoke goes. Tue ‘with the Lon:ion Times at their head, is con the aggressive spirit of the Americans, on in constantly preau miug upoo her Majesty’s government. Tuea spirit has been carried to un Bee ai A t H E qe Esik ERE g 3 45 8 : lengths, and that the last straw is about ‘the vertebri of the dromedary. Let him roar. M. Michelet, in his late celebrated articies in the French press, tella us that Great Britain, being an island insular country, must retain her domiuiou of tus seas, or fall to the tion of a third rate Power, liable to be kicked, snubbed andrun over by half the nations of Europe aad at is the use of Eugiaad speading some thirty millions sterling a year—double thi expenses, civil aud military, of the United States govern- moat—on the army aud navy alone, unless these vaat ar- maments are to be used in defence of the natioual rights wherever they a7e needed? Now let us look at the other side of the picture. If there isa war with Amortca the case in oae particular will be exactly paratiel with the great conflicts of 1775 and 1812. France will be at war with her wo, aad tuus France and America will be virtually if not actually allies from the start, struggling agalust a common enemy France, to-day, has a steam and sailing fleet about the game, if not quite equal, to the British; and of these over $50 are armec steamers; besides, her army cousists of over 600,000 men, and they are ali idle ani thicsting for employment ‘That the French solcers of ali grates ‘and ranks are apxious to land on the green turf of Eug- land is absolutely certain; and is Louis Napoleon, wuo above all other men watches his opportunities—is he to forego such a chance for a succeasful campaign, while Ki land is already up to her eyes in a conilict with au enemy that, all things reckoned, must be considered her equal? Depend upon it, England will not have a war with Ameri- a without having vue with France at the same tims. The volunteer movement is going on wita incessant ac- tivity, nearly every parish in tue kingdom having eather a company, @ regiment or @ batialion A uew edict has come forth, founded ou @ late act of Parliameut, by whic they expect to have an enrolled naval {orce of ong or two bundred thousand men. These are to bave £6 4 your when off duty, with full pay besides this compeusation when fully employed; to have full liberty to go ou any merchant ship for voyages not over six months; to yo through twenty-eight days drill during the year, with full pay, and to be lisbie to serve for five years in a war ship ‘when calied upon. They must be Britis subjects, {ree from infirmity, and must have served five years at sea in some capacity, either in the merchant or naval service. Tasy are to bave the same privileges of prizs money and pea- sions as all regularly enlisted med-of-war's men aud land troops. Much 1s expected of this “Reserve Force of Royal Navat Volunteers.’’ If it goes ahead like the rifle volunteer movement it will soon furnish a stroug body. ‘The Eastern managers are playing a subtie game. ‘You have doubtiess seen a very discouraging article in the ‘London Jimes regarding the condition aad prospects of the greatship. They ure “bearme” the stock. That will be succeeded by others equally damaging duu whom the srogt Crowd of small shareholders have been 80 thoroughly disgusted and disheartened as to sell out, the figure it will stand atin the market will be so low that thus ia the secret will be abie to get possession Vf the ship for about what she is worth for old iron. The original shareholdere, you may remember, consented to have their shares hy po- thecated and put into the new company ut the price the abares bore in the market when the ship stuck on ths ways at |, and was likely to be a show for all future By that process the ship, which actualiy Cost over £600,000, came into the hands of the present shareholders ata cost of £330,000. Now, if a sufficieat number of sharvholders cannot be disgusted with their investment to sell out ata figure that tue knowing ones choose to give, the same game is to be played over again. ‘The Directors will say they want money to finish her, aud that it will cost £40,000 or £50,000 in all; and if the share. holders will not come forward liberally and subscribe, a new company must be formed. The stock has alrealy fallen forty por cent, the present pound shares ing for twolve'or thirtecn shillings. At’ thia rato of pro. gress the great ship will soon be in the bands of men whoee full investment will not exceed £200,000 (a inition dollars), being scarceiy the cost of un ordinary Coliins or Cunard Steamer. O! there are mavy ways of maxing money in this world besices workiog for it by hoeing cora or chopping cord wood. The directors of the great ship Certainly have a complete understanding wihstin poansie government for the charter or sale of the Great Eastern for war purposes the very minute they can demonstrate that she is safe and seaworthy. Taat_ demonstration will be given within the next turee months In the meantime it is useless to speculate on the adent of the great ship in New York Bay, or the effect it will have on commerce. Neither the first eventnor the last test may ever be given. Until the cloud of war has passed tho Great Eastern wil! have other prospects besides the carry. of tea, silks, gold or cochineal. not {ur a moment suppose ali you seo in the English journals about wur is mere gas. With many years resi- ‘dence here, Ihave never known the British public £0 “prime fora fight” as they are now. The authorities actually believe their claim to the Island of San Juan is good, and thisis founded on the fact that it is near the British shore and far from the A can territory. If the British claim is good, you may rely upon it that Her Majesty’s ministers will not give it up without a clash of arms. Your goverumunt had better look the facts calmly i tho face as they stand, and not rely too confidently on the disinclinauion to a war among a people so largely commercial, and who are 60 certain to suffer immonsely in parse at the first appear- ance of hostilities. If such a struggle were to come, it is hard to tell whose commerce would suifer most. “They have an immense naval force all ready for az'ioa, while you could, ina few months, make every sea swarm with privateers, all carrying aloft the strip-s and stars. Your deficiency in large guns, and particularly in rifled camaoa, would put you ata groatdisadvantage. And, by the wa: Tam told that thore have been such great improvem=nts Iately made in Sir Wm. Armstrong's gun as to immeasurably superior to every engine thut ever thre # a . All the operations, too, not valy as to th chanical construction, bat the quantity made, are ke; secresy. Verily, Mr. Bull, I fear, is a long way the start of you in guns, discipline, naval forces and pr Parations for wa Our Paris Correspondence. Paris, Nov. 17, 1859. National Potitical Feeling Towards England—The Expedi- tion 10 China and its Eifects— Popularity of the Measure in France—The Schiller Festival—Royal and Fashionable Movements, de. Among men ofthe first society, ready in the firat place to overwhelm an Englishman with compliments about his Great nation, &c., should it happen that the conversation takes a turn in any degree savoring of criticism, th» Frenchman will almost instantly fling aside the veil, and exhibit at once all the deep-seated rancor of his country; and if the discussion be prolonged, you will infalli- , bly ascertain, that, weighed in the scale of humanity, every soul in perfidious Albion but dust in the ba- Jance a8 Compared with himself. Now, if this seatiment ‘be really 80 universal, and if Englishmen generally are ‘oginning to respond to it, and both nations now get their backs up in’ Sighting condition, it will be very unlike all things that have gone before if blows don’t come of it. ‘The co-operation im China would scem to indicate the contrary of what I have stated; but it is pretty generally understood that France, in this expedition, is not instigated ‘by any desire to ald any other tation than herself. The expedition yby the way, is pecullarly popular. The volan- ‘tecring to join it was s0 energetic thar the Minister was obliged to reject several thousands. General Coulis de Montauban is appointed to the command-in-chief, and Ge- neral Collineau commands the first brigade. A detachment of marines, composed of afteen officers and 292 men, arrived im Paris yest. day from Toulon, ‘Talking of China reminds One that Sir John Bowring—the late Chinese Governor 0 England, and latery lecturing on China in the city of Glas Sow—has asserted that the lexicon of the Chinese lan Guage consists of seventy volumes. M. Stanislaus Julien Professor of Chinese at the College de France, and the firs Binologist in Europe, bas written to the Constitutional to Point out Sir John’s mistake. M. Julien states that in | reality, the imperial dictionary of the Emperor T3hanghi— Ddeing that which ail European students of Chinese use—ig ‘only thirty-two volumes in 12mo., not thicker than th Hittle finger, ‘nd containing only 42,713 characters, M. Ji then asserts, moroover, that a knowledge of about one herot ar hs fs sufficient to enable Chinese ‘books ‘un rey Fara ret the Chinese ‘is agen”. he says, that numerous Chin mae Seeks Bete es e been pace bol into the French in the ovarse of ‘the last thirty Germans in America Bi be eens to hear that the ull obse, le known to Fronchawn what honor has boen «1 the |, the Parisian foativa) is tadoot te ‘The Cirque in the Champs Elysées, an eave of sroommodating between 3,009 L ing, there was some uproar before the performance com Meboed, the moment the first strains of the great com poser struck upon the car all was aushed. ‘The style nas seme resemblance to” the ‘Dinorah,’? bat is of a more martial character. The harps take a prominent part, and votbing exceed the beauty of the climax. AS the barys die away the whole orchestra takes up the original theme with @ poworful bass, like the hurried tread of thronging milhons rly to witness the apotheosis of the poot. It was truly a poct's march, and was deservedly and enthusiastically encored. Great are in at the Palais Royal, where Prince Napolcen, ‘the Princess Clotilde, intend to receive, this season, on a grand scale, Lord Conny bas just returned from Compiegne, where, with Prince "nich, he has been shooting witu the Eu- peror. Tho doings of the court ure said to be somewhat of the dullest. With go many Austrian aa well as French gucets, of course Italy is a subject taboood, and as the Em. peror fa found rather to increase iv-bis habitual silence as. the cares and responsibilities of state now orp crowd imate—are rather put wie pI 2 performance of proverbs, which M. Octave Feuillet writes in such @ manner that ber Majesty's Imperial dig- nity may not be compromised by any familier address. Grand Duchess of Leuchten! berg ts visting evel thing that the city affords worthy of curiosity, an olarina all hearts by hor affability and lom from ostentation. Our Brussels Correspondence. Bavasgis, Nov. 16, 1859. Regency of the Prince of Savoy Carignan—New Phases of the Nalian Question—The Policy of England—Dutch Com: merce—The Legislative Chambers in Belgium, dc After a rapid examination of the various solutions which may be given to the Italian question, I was led to conclude (as you have seen in my last letter) thet the formation of a kingdom of Central Italy was the most likely to suit the Italian populations and to meet the general political views of Europe. This solution, pointed out by,reason, bas many warm advocates. You will remember that the legislative States of Tus- cany, Parma, Modena and Romania have voted, par acola- ‘mation, the creation of a regency, to be entrusted to the Prince of Savoy Carignan. This regency was to be, in the eyes of all, 8 medium leading to the formation of acentral kingdom of Italy. This resolution taken by the Lagisia- tive Chambers of the Duchies was a fresh proof of firm- bess and prudence. I regret to say that this now effort made by Italy to end peaceably all the difficulties still pendent does not appear to have been fairly appreciated, and still lees encouraged, by the governments of the great Powers which assume the part of umpires in the destinies of Europe. The French government, for instance, made known to the Sardinian Cabinet that Napoleon would be dis- pleased to see the Prince of Savoy Carignan, relat- ed to tbe royal family of Piedmont, accept the regency offered him. This desire, expressed by the imperial court of Paris, has been considered as an order by the Sardi- nian government; go they have neithor accepted nor de- clined the regency for the Prince, but bave proposed for this important offce Mr. Buoncompagni, the late Sardi- nian Commissioner at Florence. The Monileur Oficial Frangais blames highly the reso- Jutions of the Italian Chambers, stating that since a con- gress is to meet shortly, it is most unwise to lay down any act which might influence its decisions, In my opinion the pretensions of the French government are most exor- bitant. Strange to say, the Powers of Europe are con- voked, in virtue of some most undefined right, to deside upon the future of a whole people, and they will not al- low that very people to manifest their wants and wishes. But this is not all. That unhappy people, who suflered so cruelly from oppression, and who are just beginning to revive under the benign iniluence of liberty, prove they are worthy of self government and able to prac- tise it. They adopt a series of measures bearing the stamp of wisdom, and the foreign Powers re fuse" to sanction them. What.can this poor Ita- lian people do now? Is it to be supposed they will continue much longer to bear this new oppression’ "Or, is it not rather to be apprehended that, growing tired of sce- ing their claims and hopes so completely disregarded, they Bot w themselves into ae of the revolution’ pears inevitable, if thegener eer. ronane wih ie spect to Italy be not speedily mo ito, A curious and most important subject of study for ths stability of polities, and, therefore, of commerce aud in- dustry, is the attitude taken by England for the last fow years.’ It is more particularly owing to the considerable developement of her commerce and to the activity of her manufacturers and various industries that the United King- dom has accumulated the immense wealth she possesses, and has conquered, atthe same time, 80 great an influence in all the questions which agitate the world. In course of time the British empire has inereased her territory by co- lonies, often conquered by the force of arms, and ex- tending over the four parts of the world. This pre- pouderancy England has acquired through the extension of her army and uavy, which tends to pres-rve tranquillity in her colonies and protects her trading vessels." Now, the atability of English commerce and industry depend on | compared with’ the precediag year, these this maritime preponderancy. Let other nations counter- balance on the ocean the power of the British fleets aad her prestige disappears; the monopoly practised by the mari- time commerce of Edgland tends then to annihilatioa—in fact, Great Britain would no longer be the great empo- rium of the world. The part Great Britain takes in all political questions is dictated to her ministers by the interest of the country; but this egotistical interest, which endangers tranquillity everywhere, becomes blameable when it engenders in- cessant difficulties among the nations of Europe, disset sions in their governinents, and uneasiness in all mia There are etill many commeuts upon the interview at Breslau, between the Prince Regent of Prussia and the Emperor of Russia; it is supposed to have eflected a nar- row alliance between the two northern States, which England will most likely be imduced to join. It is impossible to deny the force, and even the danger, of this lesgue, particularly when you con: sider what has been stated in the foregoing para- graphs of this letter. Respecting the ioterview at Breslau, there bas been a circular from the Prussian Mintsver of Foreign Affairs to expiain its beariag. ‘There exists,” says the Minister, ‘a perfect identity of views between the sovercigus of Prussia and Russia, and they have agreed to make this known, in order to put a stop to the causes which have shaken public confidence even curing pesce, and to prevent the recurrence of any inci dent Which might seriously endanger it.” ‘The Prussian Minister confesses the existence of a narrow upion ber tween both Cabinets, bat as diplomacy authorizes its raem- bers not to speak the whole truth, one may give this polidcal union the name of an alliance offynsive and de- fensive. A report of the Dutch Minister of Finances has just been published on the commercial statist 1858. “The gen- eral commerce, importations, exportations, or transit, bas arisen to 1,891,497,767 florins (about $600,000,000).. As figures present an increase in the importations, but'a pretty greut reduc- tion on exported goods aad merchandise crossing Holland in trausit. Foreign countries stand in the following order, | fe according to the importance of their exchanges with the Netheriands:—England, the States of the Zoliverein, Bel- gium, France, Rugia, the United States, Hamburg, c. For the first’ time, the commerce with Japan appears in these statistics, but it has not yet ac- | quired any real importan |, The Belgian Legislative Chambers have begun their | labors, but the representatives of the people have shown | 80 litte zal in the discharge of their duty that in the first | Week three s.ttings could nut be held for want of a sulll- | cient number of depnties present. This indifference of the members of the House is worth noticing. The motive of these numerous absences is because the Chambers have only, at this moment, to digcues industrial and com. | mercial questions, those vital interests of Belgium. It they had to deal with boisterous and irritating political b ariiptens Imake no doub? ali the deputies would be at their pests—but the country would lose its tranquillity. So, we have but two alternativee—either to see the Legis- | lative session unoccupied and. the country at peace, or to hear brilliant speechee, and have all minds dis- farbed. Indeed, the choice cannot for one instant remain mabtful. Our Berlin Correspondence, Bxaux, Nov. 16, 1859. Foslure cf the Schitler Festiral— Party Politics Against Ns- tional Glory—IUuminations—Scenes in the Streets ani Amusements of the People—The Demonstration in Other | German Cities—Caution of the Prussian Police, de., de. ‘The Schiller festival is over, and the result is a general focling of disappointment. It is confessed that the whole affair was a decided failure. The petty vexations of the police, the evident reluctance and ill grace with which thy government had consented to anything approaching a popular demonstration, and the perfldious ineinuations and machinations of the Kreuz Zatung party , ba irritated and disgusted the people to euch a degree that they felt far more inclined to give open vent to their indignation than Participate in festive displays. The only part of the Proceedings that was calenlated to excite the interest of the public at large was the laying the foundation Stone tw @ thonument of Schiller, and even this bore much more of an official than of a popular ebaracter, Early in the morning the square on which the ceremony was to take place-was surrounded by a cbain of policemen, who allowed no one to pais who was not provided with a tleket; and a8 these tickets were tasued exclusively for the | Fepresentatives of the government, the municipal body, and the guilds aud corporations, ‘the public were forced to witness the solemnity at a respectful distance. To- wards noon the minister@and high officers of State, tho | Governor of Berlia and a number of other civil and mili. | tary functionaries, mado,their appearance, and took their Seats on temporary benches erected in front of the theatre, and the first stone of the future mounment was then laid by Burgomaster Kronewick (one of the most unpopular Persons in Berlin), who seized the opportunity to deliver an address, in which some com- mou place remarks in praise of the great post whose centenary féle was commemorated were varied with ful- fome adulation of the royal family. The oration of Pastor Sydow, which succeeded this exbibition of courtly elo- quence, was far more appropriate; but as the great mass of the spectators were unable to hear it it naturally failed iingart more warmth aud auimation to the cold and for- mal character of the whole ceremony. It was followed by Sobiller’s ‘‘Hyron to Joy,” the exhilarating words of which aroused the only movement ofeathusiagm that wa ‘visible on Ubis occasion; and the assembly then broke uy), leaving the square in the possession of the ‘vily muiti- tude,” who had previously been ‘excluded from ils pre cinets, evening thero was to have been a general illam- but this part of the programme was not carrird ‘Out m & more sauistactory manner than the rest, All the public butldwgs were as ark as pitch, the authorities opably thinking it beneath their diguity to illuminate in Recer of a man who; tobe sure, Was @ great genius, but nether a king nor a minister of Stats, mor a general oill cer, hor oven a burgomaster, ‘The upper tem, animated by eimilar feelings, adopted the same modo of showing them, and all (howe time-serving individuals who usually Nght up their windows brilliantly on the ’s birthday and other court featva:s, in order to display their loyaity and curry favor with the President of Police, rightly con- sidered that on the present cocasion they be more hkely to couciliate that ee | by = ab- staming from any such manife laboring clarees were sulky avd out of humor, ana not iacliasd to devote a portion of their hard earnings to do honor to a fevtival from whioh the popular elementseemed purposely exciuded; and the consequence of all this was, that the iNumivation was reduced to very sleuder proportions. Tho Wilbelms Strasse, the shove reeplen@ent as ebony; in the Linden, only two or three hotels aud a fow private houses wero lit up; aud of the fashionable shops the only one that atiracted attention was that of oe Stewarts of Bertin, who of at pane Pesroaeraay Of eh aaiiemed, were in wi Sig petal na we bed Sea Su apgely enough, too, the police, who generally cotiect in great force,on such occasions, bad suddenly evapurated, and for a time the mob had it all their own way. fun grew fast and furious—the benches were overturned, the passcre-by ingulted, and some ladies who distinguwhed themselves by the amplitude of thoir crinolines wero ra- ther roughly handled, when finally a of mounted constabl@ appeared on the scene, and ged the rioters swore in band. But slight resistance was offered, tho po- pulace being only armed with sticks and with the p ‘weapons supplied by nature, which are of little avail against cold steel; and after some sixty or eighty of the most obetreperous had been hauled off to durance vile, not a few of them more or less severely hurt, the square was completely cleared of tae rioters, and the police ro- mained masters ef the field. Of course this occurrence has been eagerly seized upon by the Krevz Zeung taction, whose calours are thougbt to have bad no sight share in producing it. © Didn't you see,” they say now, “ how right we were to oppcse the whole affair? Is it not plain that the Schiller festival was a mere pretext for inflaming the passions of the mob, and exciting a revolutionary movement?” Tho truth is, ov the contrary, that this untoward event, and the unsatisfactory result of the festivity in poneral, are chiefly owing to the uncalled for interfurence of the police, which, as stated above, had exasperated tho people by prohibiting the public celebration of a national holiday aud throwig cold water on every proposal that was calculated to beighten its effect and to secure the hearty co operation ofall classes of the inhabitants In Hamburg, in Dresden, in Hanover, in Stuttgart, in ice, even in Vienna, where the festival was ceiebrated with all those external de- monstrations that were objected to here, it has passed off without the slightest disturbance—only ‘in Berlin, which boasts of its superior intelligence, ani calls itself the Atbens of Germany, has it beencontined within the nar. rowest limits, and hedged round with petty precautions which haye naturally led to stifled murmars, heartbura ings, and finally to.an expression of popular wrath. The fact is, thatthe democratic spiritis still as powerful in Prussia as it was in the palmy days of Montenffe and Hivekledey. The Police President is stilt omnipotent, and the occult influence he enjoys with the highest pergonage in the realm is so great that the Minister of the Interior, Count Schwerin, to whom he {3 nominally subor. dinate, and who ts truly a man of liberal tendencies, is unable to make head against it. Unfortunately, too, the Ministry do net sufficiently appreciate the effect of appa- rently trifling circumstances on public opinion, and their own character for political consistency. They evidently imagined the Schiller festival to be an affair “of secondary importance, and were quite taken aback a‘ fluding it suddenly assume the dimeusions of a potitical question. Up to that moment they had allowed the police carte blanche, and when they became aware of eit tuws-\a and endeavored to repair it, they on'y suc- Seeded in i) ws ~ series of half measures, which ex- procd their weakness 88@° wore of tact without eatisty- ing the expectations of the people. It is rouch to be regretted that such a blunder should have been committed at a time when the affairs of Ger- many are ——— acrisisin which Prussia is called upon to piay a ing part. Hitherto she has been looked up to ss the great, or ratbor as the only, champion of the national cause; but this fauz pas ‘has sadl damaged her popularity, while ihat ot Austria, whic! had been reduced to the lowest ebb, has risen not a little ip consequence of the liberality she has displayed on this occasion, and which contrasts 80 favorably with the narrow mindedness exhibited by ber rival. It 18 tho first victory she bas gained since Villafranca, and it is no wonder tbat her partisans should make the most of it. A better opportunity, however, for testing the reepective merits of the two Powers will now be afforded by a question which has just been submitted to the Fedo- ral Diet, and on the issue’ of which depends the triumph of constitutional liberty or of irrepreesibleespotism in Germapy: _I aliude to the revival of the Hessian cousti- tution, which was set aside by the Elector in 1851, after the occupation of his country by Austrian and Bavarian troops, and the restoration of which is demanded by the people and supported by Prussia. But, in order to make this subject ttelligible, it will be necessary to give a re- trospective view of the coup d'etat in Heese ant the cir- cumstances that attended it, which I must reserve for my next letter. bs Our St. Peter sburg Correspondence. Sr, Prexsnugc, Nov. 5, 1859., | The Emperor on his Travels—Eatension of Russian Rail- uays—Amicable Relations of Prussia and Ru:sia—Near- or Intimacy of Russia with England—Oruel Snubing of Austria— Something about Royal Matches—Mondary Difficulties in Russia—The House of Stieglitz—Return of te Khorasan Ezpedition— Results of the Expedition, de., de, he. The Emperor arrived at Tzarcko-Selo fram Warsaw on the 30tb ultimo, The last part of his journey wat per- formed on the St, Petersburg and Warsaw Railway, which is now completed as far as Dunabutg, abou 500 versts from tbis city, and nearly half way to the Polish capital, The grand Société des Chemins de fer Russes, vhich had been eeverely reproached for the slowness with which they carried on thoir operations, have besirred themeelves this year, and if they continue at the same rate we may expect the railway communication with War- saw to be opened in the summer of 1861—the entite dis- tance, via Krono, being 1,075 versts, or 7g mile, 1f the line from Riga to Dunaburg were finished, we siould cven now enjoy the advantages ofa continuous railwaycoa- munication with Western Europe, with the exception ¢f the tract between Riga and Konigsberg; but the Eng- lish compony who are building that line ap pear to be still more tardy in their move- ments than their cosmopolitan colleaguee, and although the whole distance is not above 800 versts, it will not be finished tilt some time next year, Our grum- blers aud admirers of the past complain bitterly of this dilatorintes, and agsert that things were managed much better under the reign of Nicholas, when the rail- roads were constructed by government instead of being Jeft to the discretion of private companies; but they for- get that the road from St. Petersburg to Moscow, the only one of consequence completed under Nicholas, took more than ten years in building, and would not bave been done then if the late Director General ot Public Works, Count Kieinmichel, had not been notified that it must be Gnished by a certain day, ‘The Emperor is said to be quite satistled with the results of his journey. Prince Gortachakoff has retumed radiant with joy and the diamond insignia of the Black Eagle, which he was decorated with at Breslau by the Prince Regent of Prussia; and, although very little has) beenia® lowed to.transpire concerning the negotiations that took place there, it is generally belicved that the jaterchange of views between tho two Powers looked toa close al- hance and a complete understanding on all the leading questions of European politics, Tue good offices of Prus- sia have also succeeded in smoothing over the difficulties that still existed between our government and England, and the relations with that country are now ona more satiefactory footing than they have been since the Oriental war, With Austria, on the contrary, we are still on the worst possible terms, and, for the present there appears bo prospect of a reconciliation. Here, the Emperor's brother-in-law, who is a general in the Austrian service, and had been sent here to pave the way toa better understanding, was ro- ceived in the most friendly and affectionate manner by ‘the imperial family; but a8 goon a8 be ventured an allu- gion to politics the conversation was immediately diverted to some other subject. Tam assured, too, that the Arch- duke Albert of Austria, who came to Warsar to compli ment the Emperor, met with as frigid a recaption ag was, contistent with the mere ordinary forms of civility; but the uneuccessfal attempt of Fraucis Joreph to arrange '™ meeting with pur Emperor on hi y from Warsaw to Breslau affords a still more striking indication of the feelings entertained towards the Coort of Vienna im the governing circles of this country; and, while Austria was to cruelly snubbed a deputation from the provisional gov: ernment of Tuscany was admitted to un audience of P Gortechakoff, aud treated with the utmost politeness, being diemissed with the assurance that Russia took a lively interest in the fate of Italy, and would disapprove of any propowal to restore the exiled priuces by military foree. Ifa rumor js to be trusted which is ciréulated by Persons who profess to be well informed, tho connection between Russia and Italy may even be expected to as sume the character of a family alitapce, and a visitwhich’ the Grand Duchets Maria, widow of the Dake of Leuch. tenberg, is abovt to pay to the Emperor Napoleon, isquoted ag referring to this project. The Princess Maria Maxi millanoyna, cldcst daughter of the Grand Duchess, who is alsoa granddaughter of Eugene Bosubarnais, and thero . ‘e cousin to Napoleon, ig to marry ?rince Bugonue, a -avoy Carignan, who would be piaced at the head of g:vorument of Central Italy, olther as an independ sat Trince or as Viceroy to’ the King of Sardinia is true that the Princess is onty vighteea and 6 neo’ forty threo; but such taifliug differences are over- lockea. mm Toyal matches. Witness the late matrimonial allance detween Cloulde and the gallant Ploa-Plon. Ac corving to auother version (he Princess te given in mar- riuge to Victor Emanuel htmself, whose cutldron, by his first wile, would succeed bim tn Sardinia and Lombardy, while the erown of Central aly would devolve on bis issue by the second. I give all these on dis for what they are worth, without at all guaranteeing their correct- pees; they sbow, at any rate, that our government is con- eidered favorable to a thorough revision of tho territori aprangements of Ttaly, aud not over scrupulous as to th rights of the legitimatve dynastics, which are go strenuously insisted on by Austria, For the moment we are much less occupied here by politics than by a monetary crisis which, after we had escaped comparatively 8 overtook America us quite suddenly, voriy. Among the various causes to which it may bo as- signed, one of prinetpal is undoubtedly the immease pumber of joint stock companies that have bee he J in Russia during the last few yoars, and have all the available capital of the country without preavat adcquate returns; but it is a remarkadle fact that the ol catuetrophes have bi to houses that have kopt cet iret. thane Wane speculations and have always borne a distinguished Prioabee for tho ie ~ cumspection of their commercial undertakings. al foromost among them is the great firm of P. Alexeyeff & Sons, moat respectable house: i s § i 6 (60,000 roubles. It was would have beem Sole (o edhe a their creditors, as their assets are ivery consid je; and there are two other firms of same name , who are related te great that of Gutohkoff, in Moscow—one of our largest manufac- turers—who had a kind of monopoly of the Ghina trade, and who has failen @ victim to the revolution produced in the Kiakhta market by the unsettled tate of tho Celestial Empire, which has almost put a stop to the gale of Russian manufactures. Our commer- cial world has been further breaki which, touohed by these financial disasters, has signified its in- tention to Wind up its affairs and retire from business. The house of Stieglitz is well known throughout Ei for the vast extent of its monetary transactions. It was founded by Louis Steiglitz,a German Jow, who came to Russia early in the present century, and, ater embracing the Protestant religion (Jews were not then allowed to re- side in $t. Petersburg), established a banking house and eptered into various other speculations, which eventually raised him to the first rank among the merchant princes of this country. He died in 1848, and left an only son, Baron Alexander Stieglitz, who continued his father’s business with so much success that his entire pro- perty is now calculated at no less than thirty miliims of roubles. He had been gradually withdrawing from business for the last year or two, and had declined to take a share in the last loan (according to other accounts. he was cbagrined at its being contracted by Thomson, Bo- var & Co., instead of being offered to him, as was invaria- bly the case under the reign of Nicholas). He now in- tends to devote himself entirely to the cultivation of his extensive estates in the south of Russia, where he has established sugar refineries and other factories, and from which he receives a princely income. The Baron has no children, and the bulk of bis fortune will be innerited by his adopted daughter, a young lady named Yonin, of very humble origin, who is unquestionably the richest heiress in Russia, His retirement will occasion a vacancy iu the bante finance of St. Petersburg which it will not be easy’ to supply, and it contributes a good deal to increase the uncomfortable feeling that has been produced by the sudden disappearance of 80 many other eminent firms, As for the great Bank- ing and Trading Association which was to be established by a company of French and German capitalists, and of which euch wonderful things were predicted, nothing has been beard of its operations as yet, and if it’ were not for an occasional puff in the newspapers, we should be in- clined to think that the whole scheme had been aban- coned. The Khorassan expedition bas returned to cur capital after an absence of nearly two years, and a report of its edings has been submitted to the Geographical So- y, which gives an interesting view of the scientific reeults obtained. The geological, botanical, zoolog' and ethnological collections are vory extensive, and will doublees be duly appreciated by tho learned world. On the pohtical results greater mystery is observed, butit is certain that the expedition penetrated far beyond Hecort, almoet to the frontiers of British India; andit may bo sur- mised that Mr. Khanikoff, who is a first rate Oriental echolar and has frequently been employed on missions to the Fast, has not neglected the opportunity of entering into communication with the chieftains of hanistan, and opening vew routes to Russian commerce in tho heart of Asia. sam ON Garibaldi. “ibe aRRe letter from Lord Brougham ia in repty tO the letter trom Lord Ellenborough:— Brovanam, Nov. 8, 1859. My Drak Extersorovcn—You might well expect that I ebould agree with you In hearty good wishes for the inde- pendence of Italy. I can only repeat what I said at the great Edinburg the other day, that, whatever may be my opinions upon the real cause of the war (which I had fully given in our House), it had led toa State of things which affords the Italians some prospect of success, provided fc a interference is excluded, and that the best practical course tor them to take is a union with Sardinia, although I duct of that Power. With regard to General Garibaldi, I confess my of partisan or guerrilla action are some- what slender, admitting, as Ido, his great qualities, as far as we are acquainted with his public conduct and connec- tions. But I recollect that those Powers with whom Cato differed are said to have a preference for great battalions, and I wigh we may not have to mourn over the kind of cause which he inclined to favor. sure ueither, you nor I would desire to have the peace of Europe at large disturbed, even for the sake of Italy. At all events, [am H. BROUGHAM. Affairs in Italy. LETTER FROM PRINCE DE CARIGNAN. The Piedmontese Gazette publishes the following lettor addressed by the Prince de Carignan to Commander Buononcompagnl :— Tort, Nov. 14, 1859. Str—I have pointed you out as worthy of being en- trusted with the noble’ charge of proceeding to Central Italy, and governing those provinces which, by thei votes, have declared thetr desire for a strong constitu* tioval and Italian Kingdom, and have since voted my Re- gency. , Your honorable chara:ter, your noble qualities of mind and heart, the proofs of devotion you have ever given to the King and country, the compiete confidence I repose in you, and which Iam now happy to signify to you publicly,’are so many argoments in favor of the happy issue of your mission. ‘But they are not the only ones. ‘The people of Central Italy have given such proofs of wisdom, tirmneas temperance as to deserve the esteem of the civilizxl world, Now, 1am convinced that they will undorstand the necessity of persevering in the same culm and orderly | course, especially at present, on the eve of a congress in which the fate of Italy is to be discussed, and H, M. King | Victor Emmanuel, strengthened by the Tights conferred upon bim, will efficaciously support their wishes. ‘The re- peated assurances of his Majesty the Emperor of the French. to the effect that there is to be no intervention in Central Italy are another motive of great confidence. Such assu- Tapces are a powerful encouragement to the policy of the #pg’s government, which could never consent to let vio- | lence from without oppose the national will. If reasons of good policy induced his Majesty after the peace of, Villatrancato recall his emissaries and abstain from any action whatever in Central Italy, it does not fol- low that bis goverument should refuse to perform acts dictated by a friendly feeling which recent events have Strengthened still more. My meaning is, that it would not, Within the bounds of postibility, retuse its ald to those countries in. order to facilitate. their contracting a loan, should that be necessary. All these considerations inspire me with confidence regarding the fature. - On the other hand, your mission is very simplo and clear, its object being to give greater unity to the political and military di- rection of those provinces. The concentration of Powers willrender cach of them stronger, both as regards itselt and as regards Europe. Their military organization will be Prince Alexander, of more casily completed under your sole administration, wa- der asingic command and with a single army. This atmy, strong in number and discipline, ready to disp'ay its va" lor should (be country demand it, must, however, be neither aggreesive noF provocative. It sone ardent aod generous minds think every delay a crime, evory act of violence a weakness, they’ should be reminded that time. is a powerful auxiliary of a just cause, and that impa- tience o'ten spoils it and prevents 4 triumph. Under thooo auspicioc, I repeat, I am convinced that your miseion will be crowned with success, and that tho populations will eontiue to maintain public order invio. lubly, and to display that wisdom andfpolitica! maturity which ig au honor to it, and which will be a very strong argument in the eves of the Congress, in favor of the re- cognition of their rigits, lastly, Tam couviuced that the government of his Ma- jeety will never permit anarchy to convulse Icalian pro- vineee, which, after baving sent their sons to fight in the ranks of the army, have solemnly declared their wish to be annexed to biz States, a wish which his Majesty has graciously consented to, ’ Accept, &e EUGENE OF SAVOY. The Northern Ocean Telegraph Expedi- tion, Mail eays:— in bark Wyman reached the Tail of tho Bank, from Iceland, on Monday, 14th of November, bring- ing Colonel Shaftuer, of Kentucky, United States, who chartered the Wyman, at his own expense at Boston, from which port he sailed on his expedition to the North: ern Ocean on the 29th of August last. Colonel Scaffner has had leave granted him from the Danish government to Jay the electric wires through all parts of its possessions necersary to the undertaking. After leaving Boston Colonel Shaner sailed along the const of Labrador as far north as Byron’s Bay, and discovered a most suitable place for laying the cable between parallels 64 and 56 of north latitude, Seundings were taken thence to Green- land, which indicated a valley not exceeding 200 fathoms in depth, with a bottom of soft deep mud—so much so that the plummet freqnently sank several fect in it As the expo- dition approachett near to Greenland, however, the lead brought up symptoms of a gravelly bottom: Colonel Shaflner then proceeded to examine the const of Groon land as far north as latitu@le 63, and penetrated into tho I od further than has ever been done by{any other tra- veller. He describes the temperature as comparatively mild, and the inhabitants as a most intelligent and cleanly peo! ple—an account which differs yery much from what is stated by other travellers, The Colonel fond a situation in every way suitablo for landing the cable, and in his search was very kindly treated by the Esquinaux. Th expédition then proceeded round'to East Greenland, and” thence to Iccland, taking soundings all the way. The depth of the ocean between these two places descended to 1,600 fathoms, and got considerably shallower as they eared Iceland. At the southeast ond of foeland the ave. ge depth is about 1,000 fathoms. The roundings from Iceland to the Faroe Isles and thence to the north of Scot- Ne ESE Te ea a ee Te ene ee ae eT eee lod, are well known alroady, amd therefore Colonnl Echathuer did not attempt it, but came straight to the Clyde. The route of the new telegraphic cable, as pro- posed by Colonel Suaffuer, is wo start from Qaobec, across labrador to Greenland, thence to Iceland, to the Faroe Jeles, and then across to the north of Scotland, Our Charlestown Correspondence. Cuanigstows, Va., Nov. 30, 1859. Appearance of Chartestoun—Precautionargy Measures to In- lercept the Passage of Strangers into the Town—Arrivat of « Member of Congress from Ohio with a Dyn for the Booy of Old Brown—Brown Refuses the Grmolation of Religion— arrest of Three Suspicious Persons at Martins: burgom their Way from Wheeling—Arrest of a Man Supposed to be Coppte's Brother or Brown's Son—Mr. Martin, United States Marshal, Awaiting the Surreader of Stevens for Triak in the Untied States Qourt—Procla- mation and Oity Ordinances—Brown to be’ Prevented Srom Saying Amphing on the Gallows—Repert of his having Written his Awtobioyraphy, dic., he. Ia all but physical outlives Charlestown to-day presents the appearance of a strougly ga-risoned fort. The towa ig literally alive with troops, and with tho exception of the immediate residents and a few of the farmers ia the gur- rounding neighborhood, thero are scarcely civilians enough present to give even a shade of divorsity tothe military character of the scene. The spectacle of an in- cessant military parade and drill, the marching aud cous- ter-marching of military companies, the strict vigilance exercised in reference to straogers, the meetings aud con- aultations of officers at the headquartore of the General in command—all betoken a state of things peculiar to a great military rendezvous in wartime, Bverything, in short, wears the aspect of war; and the discipline and regularity observed speak favorably for the eflicioncy and vigilance of General Wm. B. Taliaforro, the General in command of the troops here. Ho displaysa miktary skill and a capacity to command equal, perhaps, to any officer im the United States service. This, however, might be expected in view of the experience which he acquired during the Mexican war, in which be was an active par- ticipant. From this day forth, until after the execution of Brown. tho strictest vigilance will be observed in regard to stran- gers coming into the town. Arrangements are made with the several railroad companies between this and New York, to intergept the passage in this direction of any suspicious personage, especially such as may be found armed. Every one coming in this direction will be subjected to a strict examination as to the object of his coming, and the officers appointed for that purpose will have full discretion to search every suspicious porson for firearms. Especially will this be the case in regard to all yersons trave'ling west or east on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The Winchester and Potomac Railroad, which connects with the Baltimore and Ohio, and runs to this town, and hence to Winchestor, twenty-two miles farther up this valley, will be under the exclusive control next. A positive prohibition has been issued to permit no one to travel on it, except troops destined for this wh. Asa farther measure of precaution, General Talicferro has to-day decided upon pluciug a guard at every main avenue leading into the town, to intercept the passage of every individual, except such persous of the neighborhood retain my opinion upon the son- © and | coming on business, as may be recognized by a reliable member of the Jefferson Guard, who shall bo posted with the sentinels at each guard post’ A guard of cavalry will be posted nearer to the town, who shall p'ace under ar- reat every individual not duly accreuited by the member of the Jefferson Guard. A member of Congress named 8. Egerton, from West- ern Ohio, arrived here yesterday with a coffin, to take away the’ body of old Brown after execution, He said he came on this mission at tho earnest request of Brown’s friends, and zealously sought the privilege of an inter- view with him. This was peromptorily refused, and be was ordered to leave forthwith. At frst he appeared somewhat confident and free of apprehension, but after witnessing the display ot troops and the active military spirit which pervaded the town, he became alarmed and expressed great anxicty to get off. He was semt back to Harper's Ferry, seated beside a vegro driver in a we containing the coffin, under an escort of five dri % Brown was waited upon the day before yesterdiy by clergymen of different persuasions, to administer to him the consolations of religion, but he’ positively refused the services of all. seems, T understand, perfectly stolid, and exhibits no sigos of repentance, He hus given up all hope of rescue, and is said to await bis doom with considerable resignation In a conversation with Colonel Browne, of Stafford counts, be said he was a bad eneral ond dvsorved woe hung. Hoe stated that he formed an erroneous opinion as to the feeling among the negroes of this scction, bis idea that ‘they would have cheerfully aided ‘in any effort to free themselves. He said, moreover, that he calculated on the co-operation of many persons in Virginia, ag well as of thousands of men of high standing at the North, but,they deceived him. He was visited by Governor Wise during his recent stay here, accompanied by Gen. Win, C. Scott, of Pow- Datan county, who was a candidate for Congress in 1855, in opposition to Judge Corkie, for the Third Congressional district. In reply to General Scott, as to whether tho charge of his having murdered five innocent met Pottawatomie creek, in Kaneas, was true, he said, inan evasive manner, the facts werenot as published. ‘He did not, however, deny the general egrrectness of the charge, and admitted on further examination, that the murder was justifiable, inasmuch as the murdered parties offered serious obstacles to his plan of freedom for Kansas, As regards tho contemplated design to rescue him, he ob- served, that while he considered it feasible sometime go, anil was satiefed of yich a purpose belag entorainod hy his friends, he would, 1f he had an opportunity now, admonish the against any such attempt—bolieving it to be utterly impracticable in view of the formidable prepa- rations now made by the authorities here. Information reached here to-day of the arrost at Mar- tinsburg of three suspicious persons on their way East by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad train, Thero was a re. port of some papers being found in their possession re: vealing their complicity in the plan of Brown's rescue. This report, however, has not been confrmed. Another suspicious character was arrested yesterday evening at Winchester, and brought here to day to be examined. He was suspected of being a brother of Coppie, and some say he admitted the fact; but the general opinion seems to be that he is John Brown's son. The only ground for this opinion is a strong likeuess to the old con- viet which those who cntortain this idea seem able to trace. He gave 10 eatisfactory account of himself, and was therefore ordered. back to jai! at Wiuchester. ‘Thoro were several other arrests made in this town to-day. Every man, in fact{now arriving, is put under arrest un- less Tho cah come well accredited by some responsible perzon, or show that ho is on legitimate business. Mr, Martin, United states Marsha! for the Western dis- trict of Virginia, is here to take Stevens in charge prepa- ratory to his trial in the United States Court at Staunton. ‘Theré is an indisposition on the part of the authorities here to hand him over until furthor instructions on the subject are received from Gov. Wise. ‘The following proclanations have becn posted in all quarters ofthe town. ‘They oxbibit the degree of precau- tion taken here:— Whereas John Brown’ edwin Coppie. ard John reas, Edwin Cop white persone, and Cope siand and Green, free cooloat inthe jail in Charlestown, is apprebended that an attempt may be made to rescus them, and the civil suthorities being deemed ingufllcient to su.h rescue: now, therefore, the oflicers cammanding the mill: tary companies now here, of that may be seat bere, or stich may heresfter be in command of suck military hereby requested to take auch steps and to adopt regulations ond orders as in their judgment may beat pre- int Buich resctn or the escape of the sald ; In addition to the penalties which may. bs otherwise pre- sented, it fs here by ordered that in case of any alarm by day or night arising out of the existing spptehension of an attempt to reseue the prisoners. the streets for the distance of ou6 square from the jall in every direction must be kept clear of citizens. And sny cltizen in such case found in the streets, within the prescribed Ihnits, shall be fined not more than ten tollars for ench offence Tn additicn to the penslilea ther wise prescribed, it is hereby for a violation of any of the rules, regulations oF Je or to he made by the milftary authorities 1 pariestown up to December 18, 1889, a tine ehall be imoosed by the Mayor of sald town not exceeding $6 for each ofloace. By order of the “onnell P THOMAS C. GREEN, Mayor of Charlestown. Novempen 23, 1959. N, B—The violation of the sbove ordinances wil 3 garded ag a broach of good behavior, and stdin. tS dee penalties above presented, 1 shall deal with all such offenders 28 persons not of good beha EB. Cook, ior, THOMAS ©. GREEN, Mayor. MATION PRoctaM ation Tnense of an alarm, the citizens of Charlestown are warned to remain in their boukes, and all citizens are heraby probi otted fn such ease from being iu any of the streeta within sae square of the jail. The main street from the residence of Mrs. Nicklia to the store of Mr. Cramer, and the cross street from the sta. bling of the “Sepolngton Hotel’’ to the residence of Mr. Green must be jeft clear incase of an alarm, whether by day or night; and any citizen fo such ease being found in the street within the prescribed limits will be at once arrested and brought before me 5 pay toe cct with soooedin wo law. y U. |, Mayor of Char! 4 Novkunrn 23, 1869. vs aaa or orice. Citizens are urged to remain in their houses to-night, to: row night and Friday night, ‘Thelr presence fa the Sraagor be dangerous to themselves, and will interfere with ths efforts ‘and orders of those in authority to matntaln the Butte peace. 1OMAas C. uN yor. Wepxespay, Nov. 80, 1819. oo SE ee It is now determined to prevent Brown from making auy remarks upon the scaifold; neither will he be per- mitted to write anything with a vipw to its publication. The object of this prohibition, as {am informed, is to avoid any further parade being mide of his go called martyrdom. “His last words upon the gallows would, doubtices, be echoed along every hill top and valley of the free States, and be thus made to serve the political Purposes of the abolitionists. It is this conviction that dictates policy of preventing the dissemination of the last sentiments of Brown, ‘ i said to-day, that Brown has written his auto- biography; bnt this report is altogether unfounded, as T ascertained from the very best authority. Even though he had it already prepared, Jy would never fad its Way to the press, eo strict is the supervi- sion which ig now kept upon his movements TI saw to- day a few ines from Bia'to agentleman of this town, en- dorsing the correctness of his commentaries upon Boechor’s fermon, a8 itappeared in the Herato. Tho lines were written on the back of a letter rent to him for his en dorsement of these commentaries. His handwriting is very inferior. Itis much like that of a beginner—large, anid the letters badly formed. He seems to pay no regard to punctuation or the use of capitals. Almost every word begins with a capital, and the spelling is in keeping with these defects ‘The military force hero has been materially increased by other arrivals during the day. Colonel J. E. Scruggs, of Fauquier, arrived this evening with a largo compan: of mounted riflemen, a detachment of the Kighty-fi rogimont of militia, A member of a volunteer covipany, who visited Old Brown rome days ago, was put under arrest and gent home under an escort, for haying observed to Brown that of the State authorities from this time until Saturiay | to lave the pleasure of putting « rope CuaRtestows, Va., Deo. 1, 1850, Colonel Smith of the Virginia Muktary Enstitede Gnd 0, Jennings Wiss to Captain Brown—[nteriew Bex tween Our Reporter and One of the J it Officials in Re- spect 0 Broum—Brown Declines Keligious Consolaslow at the Hands of Pro-Stavery Olergymen—Thinks They Dave More Need of Prayers Themselves than Ha Has— Hts Wish im Regard lo the Bodies of His Two Sone and of Two Men Named Thompeon Shot in the Affray at Harperts Ferry— Suggests, for Convenience Sake, that the Bodies of All Be Burned, and Their Bings Boxed Up—He Vontinues in Fine Spirits—A Quakor named Winn, Srom Iows, om His Way to Richmond, to Seek Pardon for Copple— Bursting of Two Minis Muskets—Discussions as to the Advantages and Duwadeantages of Disunion— Generel Order for the Dist-ibutton of Troops on the Day of Exec tion—arrival of Mfrs. Brown—Anothor Ohio Member ¢ Congress in Town, dc., Bc. = Colouel Smith, of the Virginia Military Institute, pald w visit to John Brown to-day, im compaoy with Mr. 0. Jen- nings Wise, som of Governor Wise, who is attached te Company F, of Richmond. Thad an interviow with cno of the jail officials who wag Present at tho conversation that took place botween Captain Brown and these gentlemen, aud I give you, word for word, what transpired during eur iuterview:— Rzrourm—Did Colonel Smith question Brown as te whothor he had any desire to have a clergyman to adasl- nister to bim the consolations ef religion? Jan. Ornciat.— Yes he did; but Brown said ho did met Tecognise apy slaveholder, lay or clerical, er any man sympathiaing with slavery, aa « Christian. He gave the same reasom yesterday for his refusal to accept the services of some clergymen who called upoa him, He also sald he would a» soon be attended to the scaf- fold by blacklegs or robbers of the worst kind as bg slaveholding ministers, or ministers sympathizing with slavery, and thatif he had his choice, he would prefer being followed to the scaffold by barefooted, barclegged ragged negro children, and their old gray headed slave mother, than by clergymen of this character. He would feel, he said, much prouder of such an escort, and wished he could have it. Rerorree—Has he said anything on the subject of re- ligion to the clergymen who have called upon him? Orrictar—Yes, he argues with them; but winds up fre- quently by telling them that they, and all slavcholders and sympatbizers with slavery, haye far moro neod of prayers themselves than be has, and he accordingly ad- vises them to pray for themselves, and exhibit no concerm: about him. While making these remarks, he requests pea ‘would uot be understood as designing to offer any sult. 3 RevoORTER— Does bis health seem impaired by the anxie- ty which he must necessarily feel in view of his impending fate ? Orriciat—No, sir; he looks much better to-day than he did at avy period since his imprisonment. He cats his meals regularly, and seems to be in better spirits this morning than be has been for ton days. Rerortsr—Docs bo make any reference to his sons whe were shot at Harper’s Ferry? Orriciat—He expressed some anxicty to get the bodios of his sons together, and requested the jailor to give his wife any assistavee in his power to get them together. _ "omit does ho mean by gotting them to- + ther: 8 Grnciat—He is aware that the ‘body of one of his sons was taken to the Winchester Medical College for dissee- ton, and in using the words getting them together he meant to have their bones collectea and given to nis wife. Ho also expressed a desire to have the bones of two men, amet Thompson, from his neighborhood, who were shot at Harper’s Ferry, given to his wife. He expressed. fo idea that it would weil to have tho flesh burned off th. todies of all, and their bones boxed up, so that they migh: be carried home with more convenience. In pres ing this wisb he remarked thathe meant to do ne ‘violence to the a or Christian sentiments of the people of Virginia. His solo object was to prevent incon- Marrs in their transportation, and avoid any disagree- able odor. Rerorter—There was a rumor on the streets dus writing out, or | Visit esterday that he was cugaged ertteney his autobiography. fs. thore any truth in the rumor? . Orricttr—No sir, there is no truth init. He is, how- ever, writing a long communication to his family. Rerowter—Does he exhibit much concern about his wife and obildreu? Orriciar—Some time since he felt deeply concerned lest they may be reduced to want. Now, however, he has less concern on that head, doubtless because of the assurance he received of a purpose to make provision for them. He often speaks. of Lis three youngest daugh- ters, the eldest of whom, he says, is rising sixteen, an@ the youngest six. was” ; RTER—Docs he say anything relative to Governor se Ormictst—He speaks of him in the highest terms, and expressed himself much pleased at secing his son to-day, on account of bis father’s treatment of him. He obser that the Governor treated him much bettor than he ex- pected be would have done under the circumstances. Rerorter—Does he seok to justify himself for the mar- der of the men at Pottawatomie Oreek, when queationed upon the Subject ? Orrictar—He tays he did not kill avy of them, but that he approved of thelr being killed and adds, moreover, that Athis act was murder, he had his share'of the respon- tity. Revorter—Has he any intercourse with the rest of his confederates now in jail? Orricial—He has not, except with Stevens, who occu- pies the same cell with him. Rerortrx—Did he seem pleased when he was informed ae the Governor agreed to hand over his body to his wife? Orriciat—He was very much pleased wnen he read the Governor's letter to the Sheriff, requesting his body to be given.to his wife after execution. At this stago of the dialoguo a Presbyterian clergyman of this town, named Dutton, entered the jailor’s dwelling and requested to have his name reported to Mr. Brown, with a request for an interview if convenient. The mes- ‘sage was delivered, but Mr. Brown declined an interview, on tho ” uae that he was then too busy. Mr. Dutton then lef RePorTER—What is it keeps him busy ? Orrictat—Ho is engaged in reading about two dozen let- ters, sent to liim this morning. In declining an interview with Mr. Dutton, he desired that he (Mr. be informed of his (Brown’s) willingness to see him in the course of the day and argue with him on the subject of rali Reronter—What is generally the character of the let- ters gent to him ? Ovvicial—They are generally letters of sympathy and condolence. Reronten—Does he receive any assuring him of a pur- pee to rescue him? Orriciar—Yes, soveral. These, however, are mostly anonymovs, and he sated commits them to the flames, I bave observed him throwing them into the fire upon finding them to be anonymous, Recently he reads ‘no anonymous letter. Any commun cation, however, ap- plauding him ag a martyr to the anti-slavery cause, he carefully files away. Referring to his execution this morn- ing, during bis convorgation with Mr.'0. J. Wise and Col. Smith, he said he was not to be executed, but publicly murdered. ReporteR—Does he profess any religion ? Ormictar—Yes, he says he is a member of the Congre- ee church, and represents Limsclf ag a good ristian. Reportsn—Have you any idea whether he has writer or intends to write anything which he would wish to have published ? Orrici4i—He has written nothing that I am” aware of, except short note to a gentleman across tho. street, stating that bis commentaries on Beecher’s sormon were not publisbed as he gave them. Some of his commenta- pind od said, were omitted, while others were materially altered. RerorteR—Does he exhibit any lack of firmness whee spoken to on tho subject of his approaching doom? Oyriciat—I_ remarked to him this morning that the question was frequently asked, “Whether there was any caving in on his part,’’ and his reply was that there was no caving in about him; that he would hold up to tha last eo as he did at the start. -What does he say regarding the prospects of Ovrictal—He eail he was sure his sons could hardly comtemplate his fate without using some efforts to rescue him; but this, he presumed, they would only do ff he ‘was allowed to remain in jail without anything moro tham ordinary precaution to prevent his escapo or rescue bi exercised. He said, however, that such an attempt woul not be made in view of the precautions now taken. He had no idea that any attempt at rescue would be made with so large a military force as he understood was now present. Rerorter—Is he aware that he will not be permitted to make any speech from the scaffold ? Ovricial—Yes, he is; and when informed of that fact, he said he did not caro about saying anything. ‘A gentleman named Winn, a Quaker, from the State of | Towa, arrived here to-day on his way to Richmond, to see Governor Wise onthe subject of Coppie’s pardan. He had a petition to the Governor numerously signed, and tho rumor was, that he sought some signatures to {t hore. Of course he obtained mone. He said that his toterest in Coppie arose from the fact of his having lived in his fami- ly for many years, Ho left for Richmond soon after his STriVal enié muskets burst in the hands of two membere of the Richmond Grays somo days ago. No injury re- sulted from the accident, but this class of arms hag ma- terially depreciated In the estimation of many military men now stationed here. I listened for some time to-day to gomoe discussions among the people here on the subject of disunion. I heard but onc man wh? was opposed to it, and he went fo far as to say that he would forfeit his whole property in laves sooner than that the Uniom should be dissolved. He obeorved that slaves to the va- Ine of five miions of dollars have been run off to Canada, and that no effort was made to get them back. This he to go said, was because the United States was afraid wo war with England. Toould infer from his argument that he supposed the North would make common cause with the South in such a war; else how could tho South wage a war in the absence of those legitimate functions whi the peculiar relations of the two sections make cent He ia certain that the disunion sentiment in Virginia large! preponderates. Indeed, the opposite feeling is scarcely percetible. This, however, may ‘be the result of the pre- fent excitement. After it passes away, may again resumo its reign, and Virginia ‘be restored to that standard of moderation which has horetofore ren- dered hor 90 powerful a mediator in the mutual conflicts waged between the ultras of both sections, Before, how- ever, she resumes be ae tae ye some disposition to abandon their aggrest wards the South. They must take the initiative ins penoe icy; elso the warfare now seriously begun, will be in- Rermidublo. "And the sieraatiye of disunion Wil not toad,