The New York Herald Newspaper, October 4, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. ADDITIONAL FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE TEUTONIA. Admiral Hope’s Report of the Battle of Taku. Commodore Tatnall’s “ Aid and Comfort’’ Not Acknowledged. AFFAIRS IN ITALY, ery Be, &e ‘The Hamburg serew steamship Teutonit, Captain Han- 6en, from Southampton on the 17th ult. rived at this port yesterday evening Sho has brought the London Témes of the 17th ult., which was wanting by the Avia, but the news is not so late as that by the Hungarian Admirat Hope's report of the Allied disaster in China is given, but the services of the Americans are not-men- Goned in any mauver Admtral Hope’s Report of the Battle of Taku—Commodore Tatnall not Mecn- tioned-—The Feeling in Paris-——War Preparations of the Chinese, &c., &. REPORT OF ADMIRAL HOPE, R. N Camsarkaxe, Guu or Peemt, July 5, 1859. j I request you will inform the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty that, having on the 170h ult. arrived off the island of Sha-ui-tien, ia the Galf of Pochili, where 1 reported, in my letter No. 66, of the 1th ult., tho Squadron bad been. directed to ‘rendezvous, I proceeded ‘on the following day to the mouth of the Peilo river, with the object of intimating to the local authorities the in tended arrival of the Hon. Frederick Bruv Majest Plenipotentiary aud Envoy Extraordinary, aud Moasie de Bourboulon, Minister of hy esty the Em- peror of the French, and of rec 3 the existing State of the defences of the river 2. These last appe construction in works destroye ditohes and a booms of a very tion of all of furnished by M uns were seen, but a were masked with u aling oth y of the re- form of the addition ased number of nature, a descrip uunicate with apparently of nding, inform: than Tien-tsin, wish that the ob should country people ed him that the: on equainting t structions at the mouth in order ( enable the promise was given that a for this purpose within the ne On the foilowing day T moved the wi 0 of em with mu the riv it should be made ght hours. of the squadron up to the off the mouth of the river, placing the gun’ bar Jing to examine the entrance on the 20th n done towards rem 1 to, Laddressed a Ie soquuaint ing him with the communication with the this au e Bwer was received two days subsequently. On the 21st I received a letter from Mr. Bruce, acquaint- ting me thal M. de Bourtouton and himself had come to the conclusion to place the matter in my hanils, and requesting me to take any measures I might deem expetlicnt for clearing away the obstructions in the river, so as to”allow them ting frye ve an- to proved at once to Tien-tsin ; in consequence of which T ted tho Tantai, that the Ministers having arrived, and the obstructions still existing at the mouth of the river, I she proceed to remove them, using force if ner + the responsibility’ of the conse aces resting with those by whom I might be opposed. ly was received, and con: s communication no re quently on the 24th I took the force in: pare for operations, and gave further eight o'clock in the evening, if I rece reply. I should feel myseif at Ii course 6. On the same night the partics named in the marg’ eh —1 J.C. Wilson, Mr. S. R. Broom (gun: Magicienne—Mr. F. W. Egerton acting mate), and six seamen. Cruiser—Mr. W. Hart- Yand (boatswain), and six seamen], under the direction of Capt. G. O. Willes, cut one of the cables of the boom, marked D in the plan, and blewtwo away with powder. imation that after ved no satisfacto: erty totake my own These last, however, were found rennited on. the following Way, the ' sup logs of wood to which they “were cross- ng probaby moored head = and stearn ailed bin If ef this opportunity to examine cl > coustruction of th inner boom (pian F), and be found it to consist of larg Daulks, well cross-lashed together, for timber’ not less than 120 feet wide, and al depth. The opening shown in the plan n mitted of t © of a gunboat, but the strength of the current would at any time have rendered such a passage amatter of exceeding difficulty and doubt. Under these circumstances it was clear that no other mode of attark was left open to me, exeept that on the front of the works, a subsequent endeavor to carry them by storm, should I succeed in silencing their fire 7. The morning of the 25th was eccupied in placing the vessels in position (see plan), tho Starling, Janus, Plover (fing), Coromorant, Lee, Kestrel, and ‘Banterer be on a line ’ parallel to the works on the South fort, and the Nimrod 4 he rear of the line, with her fire bearing vu the North fort. The Opossum, under Capt. Willes, w: placed in advance, close up to the stakes, and the Forester and the Haughty in reserve, in rear of the line, the former having directions to move up into the Plover’s position, should that vessel advance in support of the Opossum. The vessels on the right were under the: direction of Capt. C.F. A. Shadwell; those on the leffunder Capt. N. Vansittart. The strength of the tide andthe narrowness of the channel (about 200 yards) had roxdered if,a matter of extreme difficulty to take up the position abowdifetailed ; and the Banterer and the Starling, the vessqis otethe ex: treme right and left of the line, had ground, the former, however. in a good ter Ja one which incapacitated ber fom taking much share in the action. c At 2 P.M. T directed the Opossum to pen a passage through the first barrier, which being. effet ba 2:30, she moved up to the second barrier, supported pane Haughty, w hb Plover, closely followed by the Lee at ‘vessels I ordered in for that purpose. On the arrival of the Opossum atthe, forts opened a simultaneous fire of pdt Jess than betiscen thirty and forty guns, of calibre’ From 32% pounders to S-inch, on Which I directed the sliip® to engage, The Plover took up a position close to the barrier; the Opos@ sum, Lee, and Haughty in successior®, astern of her. ¥ At 3 P.M. (at this time Lieut. Ragon, of the Plover, was * killed, and I pla at. George” ASDouglas, my’ flag lieutenant, in temporary command ofr). finding. that the ships inside the barrie i er and Opossum, were becom € the enemy's fire, they were dropped out into fresh positior where, having received assistance in men, they the action. In consequence of the Plover’s my flag to the Cormorant, 2 four a severe wound I had ‘viou § Cormorant, and intrust to him the mand of the squadron At forty minutes past five the Kestrel sank in her posi tion, and it became necessary to put the Lee on the ground to avoid the like result At thirty minutes past six the fire from the north forts ceased altogether, and half an hour later that on the South side was silenced, with the exception of that pro ceeding from one gun in the outer or south bastion, one in the curtain on each side of ity’ and one in the flank of t centre bastion, also one in the detached fort to the south At twenty minutes past seven a landing was effected opposite the outer bastion of the south fort, the portion which appeared most injured by the fire of the squadron Qnd where the attack could be best supported by the Buns of the vessels. The force consisted of a detachmont Of sappers and mix er, royal engi neers; a brigade of 1 er Col. Thomas Lemon; a division of seaman, un’ pt. Vausittart, assisted by Commanders John FE. Commere!! and W. A. J. Heath, th whole under Capt. Shad: , aceompanied by a small detachment of under th¥ com mand of Commandant Tri: They were encountered by from those guns I have already nau silenced, as well as from gi y fire proceeding 4s not completely les; but, notwith- Btanding these and’ other serions obstacies’ presented by the character of the ground to be crossed. and the nature of the defences, one hundred and fifty oflcers and mon Ahaving reached the second ditch, a y having arrived close under the walls, had the opposition they expe srienced been that usual in Chinese warfare, there is litte ‘doubt that the place would have been Successfully carried at the point of the bayonet. Captains Shadwell and Vansittart and Colonel Lemon R. M., having been disabled in the advance, the commend in front devolved on Commander Commerell, who, atter consultation with Majors Fisher, R.E., and Richard Parke. R.M., and Commandant Tricault, having reported to Cap. aain Shadwell that they could hold their present position Dut that it was impossible to storm without reinforce ments, received from that officer the order to retire. 17. This operation was effected with a deliberation and coolness equal to the gallantry of the advance, under cover of the night, which had now Tlosed in, the force being sent down to the boats by detachments, carrying ‘the wounded with them, and eventually the whole were Drought off by 1.30 A. M, of the 26th, Communders Com mereil and Heath being the last on shore. 18. [have already stated that the Lee and Kestrel had Sunk in their positions from the effect of the enemy’s fire; ‘Bud Tregret to add that, in proceeding down the river after the termination of the action, the Plover was Brounded within range of the forts, and the Cormorant, in endeavoring to remove, was also found to have taken the Bround. Under these circumstances I desired the officers dad ten to be removed from them for the time, in order €o obviate the lose which mith shoal onemy Soe enabled to reap et mbt occur should the enemy y 19. The K Tam happy to say, has since been xeoovered ae Awithstanding every exertion which s subsequently made, under the directay , Willes, to. recover the Merce hes a ae Plover and Lee proved to “ye aground that it was impossible ta ‘while the Cormorant, which Snjured on the nig! 1 of the ange of the forte day such a heavy {i at men em she went down of the ¢ in unfortunately grounded, within nn down; ned on nd on the followin; h hher, that althor nnd’ the officers wit 20. be removed, | 1 to Tien-tsin, a | we the bar to pre- | © ml Barrier, the | outside of it, | and sustained, occasioned the squadron considerable loss, | English amounting to 26 officers and men killed, and 93 wounded, of which 54 are slight. the former I have to re- ret the loss of Lieutenant W. H. Rason, commanding the Plover, a promising young officer, and Captain “ McKenna, of the First Royals, who was attached to me by the Major General commanding the forces in China. 21, In the subsequent attack on shore 64 officers and men were killed, and 252 wounded, of which 90 are slight, Among the former I have to regret the loss of wut. A. Graves, of the Assistance; Licut. C. H. Clutter: buck and Mr, T. "A Herbert, midshipman, both of this slip; of Lieut, Hamilton Wolrige, of the Royal Marine Bri- gade, and Licut H. L.'T. Inglis, Royal Marines, of the High- ver, attached to the second Battalion, Among the severaly wounded are— Capt. Shadwell, C. B., of her Majesty’s ship Highflye Capt. Vunsittart, ©. B., of her Majesty’s ship Magi- he. Acting Lieutenant C. E. Buckle, of her Majesty's ship Magicieune. Mr. A. J. Burniston, master of the Banterer. Mr. N, B. Smith, acting mato of the Chesapeake. Mr. A. Powleti, midshipman of the Fury. Mr. George Armytage, midshipman of the Cruiser. ir. W. Ryan, gunner of the Plover Lieut. George Longley, Royal Eogineers. Col. Lemon, Royal Marines. ¥.G.R, Masters, Royal Marines, her Majesty's ford, Royal Marine Artillery, and the Chaplain to the forces. the part of the French amounted to four men killed and ten wounded, including two officers, one, of the latter, Tregret to say, being Commandant Tricault. 23. My warmest thanks are, dug to Stall Surge Waiter Dickson (b), of this ship, Dr. John Little the Royal Marino Brigade, and tho ‘modical otf cers of the force generally, to whose unweared, exertions Ihave to attribute’ the prosent satisfactory state of ourgwoundcd; and J avail myself of this opportu- nity of bringing under their lordships* special notice the very high terms in which Colonel Lemon speaks of the services of Dr. W. J. Baird, senior Assistant Surgeon of the brigade. ‘24. It is a more grateful duty to request you will bring under their lordships’ notice the valuable assistance I re- ceived from Captains Shadwell and Vansittart, in com- mand of the respective divisions of gunboats. Lieut. Joan ukins is highiy recommended by Captain Shadwell for in whieh he fought the Banterer aks highly of Acting Commander R. the Nimrod, Licut. A. J. Innes of the Fo: C rester, Lieut. J D. Bevan of the Kestrel, and Lieut. W. H. d Lee, whose able conduct in covering the land ing, after obliged to pat his vessel on the ground to To Commander A. Wodehouse, of the Cormorant; Lieut C. Balfour, of the Opossum: J. D. Broad, of the d Hi. P. Kuevitt, of the Janus, my thanks are r the manner im which thei vessels we and handled My thanks are also due to Major Fisher, Royal Ea- whose men being distributed as riflelnen in the sand gunboats, Was himself present on board the Plover. The Nozagavy manner whieh Yous. Tricault, Commandant of the Duch Toner to attach himself to me Crom th of th uking, had also attracted my u la, did me the scommencemunt my wara, r Commerell ge Parsons and FE. Buckle, act corge 8. Peard, Jolin pursue, mates, and Messrs. George . Oxiey, uidshipmen, now mny Warmest acknowledgments are way in Which he led the brigade, That »mmends Major Parke, who command ers, who commanded. th lion, aud briags under my notice the assi 1 trom C roker, Brigade aid-do-camp; F. Hawkey and ghan, ‘The ad Quart wv cknowledgm ing, of th Shortt Armyt and © lonel Le | also due for | ollicer strongly r second bat he ree highly of the gal- in endeavoring had failed, on ch service he re Commerell reported to him that jast man was re-embarked. peaks highly of Lieutenant J. C. Wilsonand M. John Jobo Wagstatl, Assistant Paymaster, on that occasion, (tbe latter of whom accompanied nim throughout the Jay.) Upon Captain Willes also. devolved the arduous ting the gallant attempts which were subse- to re the Plover, Lee and Cormorant, , to effect their destruc: am indebted for carrying the repairs of the gunboats, all of which have been ed on the ground for that purpose He speaks highly of all the officers and men empl on this service, and especially of the gallantry of Eicut. N. P, Knevitt, of the Janus, in laying out an anchor for the recovery’ of the Cormorant, ander y fire, and ofthat of Mr. Oscar Sampson, second Master of the Star- ling, who resovered that vessel under a sharp fire from the enemy. on her floating: of the efforts made by Lieut. Wilson and Mr. 8. R. Broome, gunner of the Chesapeake, the vessels which were no longer recoverable; aud of the energy displayed by Mr. W. D. Strong, master of the Cruiser, in raising the Haught had sunk. He further calls my attention to the exertions of the car- penters of the Assistance, Cruiser and Magicionne, tinder the direc'ion of Mr. R. Pickard, of this ship, who in effect- ng the repairs of the gunboats, with the artiticers of the quadron, fai many difficulties to surmount From what has preceded their lordships will be well able to appreciate the devoted gallantry displayed by the officers and men on this occas! nd although it has not pleased God to crown our efforts in the execution of our duty with success, I yet feel entire confidence that those efforts will obtain from their lordships that full mea- sure of approbation they haye so well deserved. | J. HOPE, } Rear-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief, COMMENTS OF THE PEOPLE AND PRESS OF PARIS. | _ {Paris (Sept. 15) correspondence of London Times. } ¢ Paris papers of to-day, almost without an exception, | express their satisfaction at the Moni/enr’s announcement | ofan Anglo-French expedition against China, and several of them add a hope that the union of the two flags against a common enemy will strengthen the alliance between the countries and dissipate recent rumors of a rupture. If | this be one of the effects of the projected campaign we shall haye reason to say that out of evil cometh good. Another advantage foreseen is the acceleration of the definitive opening of China to European traffic and inter- course. The Gazette de France alone, with its usual,malig- | nity towards England, while approving the chasti3ement | it is proposed to inflict on the trea Shinese, regrets | that France should be obliged to associate herstlf with her for that or any other purpose, and is convinced that the Chinese would not have acted’ as they have done to. wards the French had they been detached from the cause of the British opium dealers. Fortunately, very few per- sons concern themselves about the opinions of the Gazette de France, which, having existed, according to its own | daily-repeated statement at the head of its page, 229 \ vears, is evidently far advanced in its second child- |thood;’ but for very shame, it would be capable, in | ite insane hatred of everything English, of rejoicing in the reverse experienced by our litile squadron’ at the | mouth of the Peiho, a rev which, while of no re: | importance, and affording fresh evidence of the her | courage of our sailors and soldiers, is lamentable on | count of the death or wounc 1s brought to several | hundred brave men. The Gazette may be considered | | ¢ mad the representative of mischief makers who, for the fur | therance of narrow party views, lose no opportunity of exciting and fomenting ill fecling between two nations whose mutual interest it is to remain friends, and strife between whom would be ¢ reatest’ calamities that could happen to the civilized world. Some of these | mischief makers are laboring to make it be believed that a large portion of the Parisian public hail with sat tion the loss suffered by our navy aud marines in the action ot the 25th of June, and think it cheaply chased by the trifling casualties among the few Frenc ged. I should consider it an insult to the French 1 tion 1 eredit stich Tase reports, for which, moreover, T have no reason to be that there is any ion, ‘The brave will always sympathize with th and the eelf-devotion and try of the handful of English at the mouth of the t iver are doubt Jess as well appreciated bere as though they had not been rendered unavailing by natural obstacles and by the im mensely superior force of for. samo persons who propagate the generous reports referred to geck to make it be that the ration of France in the coming expedition will r nominal than etlective, that the war will be decidedly unpopular in this country, that the French flag will be with the English on the Chiiese shores, but that France will send little besides, and that even’ that will be too much to please the Freneh nation. With respect to such assertions T have nothing to alter in the stateme: y sent you, that 10,000 to 1 French troops are d to take part in. the expedition, with (a paper to-da: and there ean be little doubt of it,) a corresponding force. The French have al ready 3,000 or 4,000 men in those latitudes, chiefly those that have been engaged in the Coc expedition ; d these will also lable for coming operations. If bot convenient or deem ary for nd to s large a land fore the French, it is supposed make up t This, howe! ve to be pretty cert Ay and willing to send the disaster in the Peiho may be said to iven satisfaction to a great number of persons here, ee in the energetic co-operation to which it is to give pledge of inereaged cord: land and France, and afresh guarantee against that war between he two countries of which many have lately begun to en tertain serious apprehensions, and the prospect of which was viewed, by all thinking and rational Frenchmen, with much disfayor—not, perhaps, with apprehension, but cer tainly with repngnanee. From all that I have as yet beon able to observe and learn s a very general feeling that, to avert such a calamity, a much greater misfortune than that which has happened to the flotilla under Admi- ral Hope might cheerfully be endured either by France or by England. You will hardly credit it, but I have actually mot with | ohe or two persons (not more, I am happy to eay,) so foolishly perverse a8 to maintain that the English and | French were to blame for the late encontor, and have | themeelves to thank for its consequen that the Am. | bassadors ought to have been allowed to goto Pekin un | der the proseree. Chinese escort, and unattended by any | nding a la mn All that of troops part of the small squa iron destined for their ection; that, as they insisted on going up with armed vessels, the Chinese were justified in their defence, and were guilty neither of treachery nor of breach of treaty. It’ were waste of time to seek to confute such arguments as these, [From the Paris Constitutionnel, Sept, 15.) In France, as in England, a very natural emotion has been felt by the public on receiving the news brought from China by the last mail. This news announces nothing less t a check experienced by the Ffanco in the Peiho rivor. We hasten to publish cireu 1 details of this event; they will show, with the information (ag by the Monitewr, that the victory gained by the Chinese was the result only of a surprise and of kuavery. Such victories would bo a disgrace to ‘Western armics; @ deserved revenge will soon be exacted for this signal treason, * * * Such was the str : 20,000 men in intrenchments suddenly assailing a the chicfs of which could not have thought of g it for a combat; a little troop of men advancing, with confidence and on the faith of treaties, towards @ town where their presence was to be but abomage rendered to the sovereignty of a prince who had signed the compact of Tien-tsin. The Chinese of the Pelho have at once disregarded their pacitlc character and betrayed their confidence. The word “chastisement”? was, then, the only one that could resonnd in France and Bugland. That word the Moniieur has just uttered, It. annguuces that the governmont of the Emperor and that of her Britannic Majesty are con- corting measures to obtain all tho reparation which an vet of such striking bad: fyitlh demands, Every ove in France and in England must have expected this. We will not, then, roy to an Evglish) journal which, in the excess of its indignation, may have thought for a moment that. England, would reappear alone in the Peiho river, . The, planes has been ¢ommon the reparation will be common also, iit the samo time that it will be complete,“ Tn a few months we shall learn that the dags of Great Britain and France, united as they already have Deen in othen glorious times, have axain Shown themselvea before the fort’ of Chita, ‘The vicums of the ambush of the 25th of Juve shail be revenged; the braves who aseailed the eseort of) our Ambassadors, shall bo pursued and punished, and the Tartar hurrahs shall not have long resounded on the shores of the Peiho. With but cruelties, Which ate mot in'our sages, but also with- out weakness, the lranco-Eugitsh nary will haye spread a salutary terror in the Chinese ire, and taught the Colestia! Emperor that the barbariaus of the West are not with impunity tobe made light of THE CHINESE INCREASING THEIR FORTS IN NUMBEB AND SIZk. The following is an extract trom. a letter received from © British officer on board oue of the oats engaged in the recent operations at the mouth of e Our little craft was riddled with their shot. Ten -ear- penters have been at work upon us three days plugging up our shotholes, Tho heaviest shot we received woighed fifty-six pounds. Several balls were cut ont of our second gig, which sevoral officers, among whom was Commander Commerell, declare are Russian rifle balls. We haw hotter work next time, as their forts are progressi size and number fast. Twas working the howitzer, ball carried away my watch and chain. Progress of Bonapartism in Italy. SARDINIA SURROUNDED BY FRANCE AND AUSTRIA. (Plorence (Sept. 12) correspondence of the London Time One week, one month, perhaps, and the world may a French Prince of the blood seated on the throne of Tus eany and Central It another prince of the same blood Wearing the crown of the two Sicilies, or Southern Italy, and a French Cardinal, or an Italian prelate in the Frenet interest, occupying the chair of St. Peter—a chair propped up by French bayonets at Bologna, as it is now at Rome. Pledipont, as the Turia Dérito apMy expresses it, sur- rounded by Fronch forees on three sides, will be nothing better—nay, something far worse—than a French prefec- austria Will be made to sins of her stif'necked sisters of Cntrai ly to the prospect ominously held out by the interpretation some of the keen sighted peo- put upon the severe and, to say t Jeclaration put forth by the offigial or verument, It is only a repetition of the message brought to Bologna and Florence by the Reis and Poniatowsk; whom nobody believed here, whom the Fren: vernment itself repeatedly ailec ‘The Emperor docs not wish for the restoration of the failen princes of Central Italy, and does not seri- ly chide the Italians for the stubbornness with w! y thwarted the views of the negotiator He does not believe that the leaders of the Ita: lian movement were “more preoccupied with small par- tial successes than with the future of their common conn- try,”’ or that a different policy followed by them “would have bettered the condition of unhappy Venice." He docs not believe that France made war for an idea,” or that “her task was accomplished.’’ He does not believe one word of what he wrote in the Moniteur—not one word of what he cver writes or speaks. But the Italians have very nearly provoked him out of his usual temper. Their upright in- stincts, their dignity and unanimity have roused the worst passions within him. The cloven foot shows forth, and the ‘new misfortunes’? that are said to be in store for Ttaly will be the substitution of Freneh ascendancy in- stead of that Austrian influence which the Italians Were by Napoleon himself so loudly incited to shake off. What Russia Thinks Italy Requires. (Translated for the New York Hrrap trom the Brussels Nord (Russian organ) of September 5.] ‘Things iu Italy are beginning to brighten at the same time that they are becoming intricate. Hence, under the cover of the iincertainty which still hangs over the precise ‘sense and text of the preiiminaries of Villafranca, Central aly is constituted provisionally, She has seriously list- ed to the imperial proclamations which announced to her that after the tu n power in Ital: would be herself again; in consequence, and by reason of the neglect in which they haye left their ancient sove reigns, aud of the conduct of the latter during the w. independence, the people of the centre of Italy have de- clared the incompatibility of their Austrian dynasties, and ave voted for their annexation to the kingdom ot Sar- On the other hand it is well demonstrate sof Te ent to thei any and Modena, ha. tion by for determined neither to nor permit Austria to a Italy is then, in fine: herself as she lis alterwards by the | d the institution She has chosen reign and her new institution annexed to Piedmont. secrate what has beon acc Jar manifestation of her wishes ; bas come, then, when the q: to assume an | phase and pursue a regular coui its detinitive de- velopement. Is the Kiug of Piedmont going to a new territories and the new subjects which assigns to him! He ought to do so, d c leutly. Cent lent and free to constitute auding to by urope to-day to con 1 regi- ts. The moment mplished in the calm 1 wi no repre- central Italy a | 5 ; provisional or definitive, like the grand Europe- an Powers. It is not neces: that the people of the duchies should remain any longer in that precarious situ- ation between a government which has abandoned them to themselves ich has been irretrievably overturn. | ed, and a government which E has not y nized, and which itself wouki not accept the situa is offered it. Whatever the moderation and wi: people who vote for the annihilation of their mained thus with and received government. Without se of the territory of Sardinia would be an injury, a hapy 2 too dcop, to the redivision of the foreesand Powers in nd Europe, that Europe should not be appealed to p upon the things done and to conciliate them if possi- . with the order established by the t general interests. But, in the pre: nsible mind would contend for th tion of the great Powers of Europe in a question which implies at this point the maintenan many essential dispositions of th or for the urgency of a Congress to reso tions, which threaten to c: ; into the most , then, d what ay?’ First, that the King of Sardi: ations which are olf » measure, the ms Recessity of an inte Italy re n shantd nooapt der nl recognized the power which may remain in Upper and Central Italy. He can alone, for the time, prevent among ie who are undergoing that developement of anar all the good will and all the with the power, would soon th: ft to themselves without a cou vernment. But he ought to res with a provisional title aud to and of peace which can be gi union and the de dina should max organ of the wishes and the defender of the indepen- dence and the interests of the people who have chosen him to represent them before Europe, should de reunion ofa Congress, to submit to its questions imposed by the things done, and | @ sovercign resolution which may consecrate them, or which may modify them at the same time, conformable to the wish of thé Italian people and to the ex; ¥ pral interests, hout doubt he is permitted to investigate from the the Congress will do, or ought to do, when such important questions are submitted to it. The situa- t y atd the things done there being 8 Will suit Htaly best? Itappears to us at first impossible to think te-day of imposing upon he: the ancient sovereigns who have abandoned hor, and whom she has driven forth as incompatible with her ex ternal independence and internal freedom. Too many | antipatbies, too many interests, too many passions sepa them henceforth, that a sincere and durable recon | ciliation should hold between the deposed Austrian princes and the people whom they have wounded in their feelings of independente, national dignity and internal progr In consenting to their restoration, if it could have been accomplished by mutual accord, the Emporor of the French has made. it must be scen, the most gene sive that annex uifil the mission to him Powers, the rous of concessions, btt also the most contrary to the end which he him Proposed in the Italian war. With them, and more than ever, the Austrian jn fluence would be returned triumphantly to Italy; the | Jected Confederation would be an Austrian Confederation, whatever constitution would be given it; or perhaps a permanent and more thin ever envenomed strife would be reestablished between the restored archdukes and their subjects, and Italy would be more than ever an cle ment of trouble and ingaietude in Europe. The instinct of the people has, then. in this case, been wiser than the resolutions of a chivalrous diplomacy, but it must think of re-establishing despte them, and’ contrary to them, what they have de But is it imperative t on the ruins which thi nnezation of the duchics to th rdinia, alremly increased by Lombardy, be Italy’ or to Burope? stion, We con‘ess, appears to us less difficult to resolve than delicate to treat, We have always given sufficient proof of our sympathy for Italy, and Central Italy above all, to permt us to express frankly our ments in this respect. Ve should observe at fi despite the wishes of the duchies for an annexation, this part of their resolutions can be legitimately discussed. by the whole of Enrope, It is only secondary in effect What the representatives of the duchies wish above all is to show the real and «solute incompatibility which ex ists between them and their ancient masters, the satellites of Austria in Italy; it i8 t show that they feel the urgent need, both of reuniting their strength and resources under 4 power sufficiently able to defend their interests and their independence, and of entering again under a firm government, regular and monarchical. It is. this position of the wishes of Central Itv h we permit ourselves to point out to the serions attention of statesmen who will be called upon to pronounce upon its fate, for it appears of an all-particular importance. ‘The knowlege of the condition of things in Italy permits 118 to that if, by any misfortune, the future Congress does not hike inte consi nHiese wishes, and arrives at on ‘0. patching up of the matter, it would not be the honorable, moderate and monarchical mei? who compose the provis- jopal ‘ernmenta of Ceutral It to-day who would have the upper band; it would be ‘and his sect. Besides, it is mot without regrot that the people of Central Italy renounce their ic autonomy and forget that they are and Modenese to remember only their titlcof Italians. Butit has been repeated to them go often that they were incapable of governing themselves, of forming a united and compact nation, forgetting their dissensions and church rivalries, that it is very natural that they should have been willing to present to their de- tractors an imposing show. It is such, indeed, that the warmest partisans have been astonished at it. For our part wo confess we cordially rejoiced at it, for it proves, what we have always maintained, that when thoy are left to themselves they are not so perverted as a certain retro- grade school would have us believe, and that, if they be- come 80, it is not by reason of their bad governments. Give to these people a government, received and guaran- teed by Europe, which, while assuring them of their pational and administrative independence, insures to them also a certain degree of strength aud importance, and they wiil be happy at Gnding in themselves what they are endeavoring to find in: the annexation with a people from. whom they haye lived, separate until the present time, an. to whom they attach themselves only by the title of Ttalians and the want of a strong Pawer ta’ rantee their independence and. the: developement of their prosperity and their freedom, | Jf, then, Europo will not countenance this increase of the territory of Sardinia, this fusion of the four or ae uo on ‘it has already encacersita the separation fears. an randizement so import- antto Piedmont should ‘compromie its equilibrium and quiet; if it believes that the annoxation voted for by the duchies and accepted provisionally by) Piedmont ought to be refused; and if it wishes to prevent the redoubtable triumph.of Mazzini, can it not ‘find another combination which responds in everything at the sgme time to the wishes and the wants of Central Italy, disembarrassed of archdukes, and to the interests which Europe can have in opposing a too considerable derangement of the general equilibrium? Is it then impossibie to constitute in the centre of Ttaly a new kingdom composed ef the three Dachies of Tus- can) arma and Modena, which will serve as a barrier and a moderator between Upper and Central Taly, and which will offer, by-its extent of territory and the num- ber of its inhabitants, suflicient strength and resources to atisfy all the necessities of its defence aud ity internal de elopement? Might not this State be increased, now or hereafter, by a portion of the tegationg which are asso- ciated in the movement of independence which is ac- complished in the Duchics? We admit the superior reasons of the great and the middle Catholic powers to maintain the temporal sove Y of the should remain always as it hos been heretofore, itis to-day, Besides, each of these Powers would great restitutions to make to it, for that inviolable in has been more than once diminished since me- indband in ing off for herself more than one fine province when the Opportunity presented. ‘The Pope has always had to protest agaiust these acts, as he protested at Munster and at View Franc not the less kept the comtat be- ssin and Avignon, and Aust still possesses not the oss the part of the Ferrarais which the final act of the Congress of Vienna delinitely assured to them, without the temporal sovereignty of the Pope and the particular con- siderations, which might perhaps render the necessa muintenanee. being injured by it. However, the Roms (hese reasons do not demand th: chure i question is foreign to What we are discussing.” ‘The future and the repose of the Legations can be assured by a lay y which will be accorded to them w the sovereignty of the Pope, without the domain of St. Peter being diminished, just as the future and the tranquillity of Central Italy would be confirmed by the reconstitution of Sicily into a separate kingdom, but united under the ceptre of the Neapolitan dyzasty. Without the Le- fons the central kingdom of Italy would offer, with territory 470 “miles square (625,000 square three millions of kilometers), and a population of nearly of inhabitants, an extent and a force sufficient to become an important element of the Italian Confederation, to which a it would bring the federal fortress of Plaisa a Con- federation, besides, almost impossible, if Central Ttaly should return under the dominion of the Austrian arch- dukes, or was definitively annexed to Sardinia. As to the choice of the sovereign called to the throue of the united Duchies, or of the new Kingdom of Italy, ha would be- long to the free election of the people, consecrated by Eu rope, aud would covciliate by this the wishes of the Ita- lians and the general interest Tet them not be deceived on this point. Here is what is most suitable to Italy, tothe want of indépendence, of homogeneity and union which the people exp: the interests of a good constitution for the proje - federation, to the repose of Italy and the security of BE ‘The creation of a central constitutional kingdom in ly, under a prince accepted or chosen by Europe, will conciliate all the interests in dispute except the definitively. overthrown interests of Austria and the Archdukes. This creation can be accomplished, we repeat, under the pro- visional government of Sardinia, worthy and capable of giving this new proof of patriotism and devotion to the genera! canse of Italian independence. Let the Congress De convened, let it assemble as soon as possible, and put an end to this abnormal state of things, which ‘disturbs international relations aud compromises every interest. General Wool’s Visit to Massachusetts, From the Boston Post, Sept. 27.] We have the pleasure to print the following correspond- ence between Governor Banks and General Wool, which was elicited by the visit of the latter to Camp Massachu- setts. It is honorable to both. The letter of the noble, war worn veteran, whom at Buena Vista duty called where the fire was the hottest, and who escaped as by- miracle, has the ring of the olden time, and is but char- acteristic of the indomitable energy and sterling patriot- ism of the man. His compliment to our militia will be read with pride by the members of our patriotic volun. teor corps; nor will his timely counsel to cherish the mil tary organization be lost on his countrymen. Coming from one who for woll nigh half @ century has served hrs country, and whose fame is untarnished by a single blot, it is as the voice of authority. We heartily commend this ting correspondence to our readers. COMMONWEALTH OF MassACHUSETTS, } xeu. CHamnen, Boston, Sept. 12, 1859. improve the earliest opportunity to express to n behalf of the officers aud soldiers of the Massa- volunteer militia, my grateful acknowledgments distinguished houor which you have conferred upon ni by your presence at the recent encampment at Con- Nor should this expressi of thanks be contined to the military department, but on behalf of the people of the whole Commonwealth, it is fit that some acknowledg- ment should be made. The scene at Camp Massachusetts Was without a precedent in the history of this Common- wealth, and, perhaps, nothing of the kind has occurred in any other State of the Union. I trust that the result has ed. in aneminent degree, that the volunteer militia of the Commonwealth have shown themselves equal in discip nd general goldierly conduct to any duty which may De imposed upon them. [sincerely hope that the time is far distant in which their active services may be required by the State or the nation; b i fidently believed that, in any f may arise, no stronger’ voucher of their encrg: eticiency can be’ demanded than has been fur- nished hy their conduct and bearing at Camp Massachn- setts. The proximity of the camp to the eartiest battle fleld of the Revolution recalled recollections of the heroic conduct of our fathers. Of those gallant deeds y if any, living witnesses now remain; but a grateful po: terity still cherishes the memory of their fathers with an ate pride, anda powerful Commonwealth, with its free, peaceful and happy population, coustitutes’a no- ble monument to their courage and self sacrifice. Permit me to add my confident belief that the spectacle which the citizen soldiery of Massachusetts has recently presented in a town so rich in historic associations must have ex. cited, even in a veteran officer, emotions of no ordinary kind, and must have relieved the hardships of a fatiguing journey. For my own part, I take pride in acknowledg- those who cherish the memories of Lexington and Con- cord has awakened to renewed energy that patriotic spirit which rejoices not merely in the prosperity of our ancient Commonweaith, but in the progress and grandeur of our common country, NATH. P. BANKS. ‘To Brevet Major Gen. Jouy E, Woon, U.S. A. Heapguanters DRPARTMENT OF TI Troy, Sept. 17, 1859. To lis Excellency N. P, Baxks, Governor of Massa setts-—On my return from Burlington 1 had the anex- « sure of receiving your generous letter of the t2th inst. There is no solace so grateful to the feelings of a soldier as the approving yoice of his countrymen. The manner in which yon have been pleased to. communic: Wn opinion, as well as that of the people of Massa- ‘tts, of my services, ina long military career, is in- teed dattering, and more than compensates for all the toil, hardships and perils I have encountered. My recent visit to Massachusetts was no less gratifying than exceed- i interesting. The concentration of the military pa- triotism of your State, whose fine appearance an/ military bearing did’not fail to command the admiration of all who witnessed its imposing spestacle on the plains of Concord, vhere the tirst blood of the Revolution was shed, and which resulted in establishing afree government, which cxists nowhere else but in these United States, will, I have no doubt, lead to the most beneficial results. “The right of the people to keep and bear arms” is the great Vit ture of our free institutions. ‘This right, with a ated military organization, is essential to the ion and protection of the privileges guarantecd stitution of the d States, It is this feature ‘utution which renders Jarge standing armies nd which are used by other nations, not ¢ of keeping and bearing arms, to over- » down the people. Where the people have xes, shovels, spades, &e., a8 in France, Italy wellas in other European Powers, they st musketry, ritles and rifled cannon. Hence. hs of th ld have their feet on the necks o1 ts, and will keep the: inspite of shovels, The privile ping and bearing Ts at with by our not permitted in any of the P Whenever the people of this great privilege it will be the beginuning of the end of their free institutions, and not long aiter they will become what the people of Europe », the down-tredden of America. ‘To guard against such sult let us then cherish this invaluable privilege, this great consery feature of our institutions, of keeping and bearing which, while it banishes the necessity only picks, and A of bay nding armies, renders the republic invincible. Cont grand work commenced at Concord. Assem- vally the militia of your State either at Concord, ington or Bonker Hill, It will not fail to call to their recollections the s: sufferings and hardships of thei ors, by which they will learn the cost and alue “ges which they enjoy above any other to keep alive that patriotism which # to offer as ‘4 rifice their lives, their fortunes and th vor,” rather than submit to British tyranny oy British misrul JOHN E. WOOL, AFFAIBS IN MEXICO. Our Monterey Correspondence. Monrunzr, Sept. 15, 1859. Difficuities Between Governor Vidawrri and the Com- mander.in-Chief of the Constitutionalists—The Frontier Forces Called Home—Battle Between Doblado and Woll~ Degllado at San Luis—American Aid Looked for—In- crease of Trade—Dificulty Between the Spanish Consul and Spanish Merchants, &e. Serious difliculties have lately occurred between Vi- daurri and General Degollado, It appears that the latter, aa General-in-Chief of the federal forces, refused to court martial Colonel Quiroga for insubordination against Gen, Yuazua. Vidaurri has taken it to heart, as he is the intimate friend and sustainer of Zuazua. Also, the appointment by Degollado of other officers to command the frontier forces of this State, the act of which Vidaurri has protested against, and, consequently, has published a deeroe recalling the State forces, and at the same time refuses to sustain the constitution. This last measure has caused considerable alarm, and is viewed rather unpopularly. Several com- missioners, such as Gen. Zaragosa, aud other private per- sonages on the part of Degollado, have had long con- ferences with Vidaurri regarding this latter official act of his, but all to no purpose, as he is determined to carry his measures through, regardless of consequences. I leave you to judge of the matter, as my position does not permit reflections on the subject. A battle was lately fought at Leon, near Guauay, be- tween Woll, the woman hair shaver, and Gen. Doblade, in whieh both chiefs claim the victory. Doblado, having 1,200 men, fought Woll, who had 3,900 and twenty pieces of artillery. The official statement of the action is rather ambiguous. Gen Degoilado is still at San Luis wit merons force, and will ta the difficulties with Vid: meet the reactionary forces. No important movements have taken place at (uadala- Jara. Marques is still atthe last mumed place, and is closely hemmed in by the constitutional forces under the command of Gen, Rocha. God only knows what may happen in this strange land of strange events and person- ages. The retiring of the forces of this Stace will canse Serious difficulties to the at, as Vidaurri is determined to su y The Mexicans now unanimously wi the United States, and conseq the present difficuities now pe rican ideas and protec necessary, with the alte reason to do so imm mors of foreign inte: horrors of anarch: persecution fellow citizens aad others, whic! ‘nment long ago to do, : to dictate py a good and nu- @ the offensive, regardless of pri, aud is strongly prepared to h the prompt aid of tly wish a settlement of ng on the basis of Ame 1 should be insisted om, if of arms. here is more » because wo hear loud ru ention. Moved at length by the brutal robberies, assassinations and enacted upon our iid have moved our a what we ought to do at ce to Mexicans. Civilization and as the whole sis now im. A and tr ith the recent Vidaurri and Degollado it is now will implicate mersed ins dissensions betwe a nt this city and State, a picture of which I presume you or your readers have uo interest in, as it is of agglomerated prostitution and viee. Some hundred wa; esterday for th rior with merchandise, and large quantities of goo: been sold. Silver and bullion continue to pour in from. the interior, and are transported to the white settiements for better security A Spunish pronunciamiento took plac theatre, anda general fight ish Consul, his brother-in-lav this place; they are ordered to i 161H.—At this moment I have had a visit from General Hinojizo, who some time since arrived trom Guanajuato on leave of absence, Being unwell he will re- main until he is relieved. He has given me details of the fight at Leon, and assures me that he fought Woll with only 250 men, and that Woll had 3,000; the latter lost some 1.000 in wounded, killed and missing, and con firms all that I have before stated. He is sanguine that the liberals will triumph. You will see by the Texas papers how our acting Con- sul is handled by some Texans who passed through here. He has money, but no brains. You must have a new ap: polntment made, as the predecessor and incumbent are not fit for the place, and are dead enemies to Americans and their interests. The Effect of the Mexican War on the Currency of the World. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. The Mexican war, in effect, is creating revolutions not Yet realized. The discovery of gold on the western slope of the mountains, in quantities such as to induce emi- grants from the Atlantic States and Europe to leave their homes for the gold fields of California, is an event in the history of the world that will be referred to in all time to come. It will be the starting point for the statesman, the warrior and the philanthropist. From it may we date the rising of God's peculiar people. The striking of their tents in the Old World, following the twilight of the set- ting sun. Gold going East, and the Jews to the West. The production of gold is unsettling the finances of the world m its effect upon the measure of price. It is a long established theory that the circulating medium or mea- sure of value represents the property, the basis of all transactions between man and man: so much money for s0 much labor; so much money for so many acres of land; so many bushels of wheat, the rent of a house, the. price of a horse, a bill of exchagge or a bushel of pota- toes. Without a measure of price we should fall back to primitive days, and barter one with the other. A pair of shoes for a hat; a day’s labor for a bushel of wheat; a string of fish for a basket of clams—each article measured by the time consumed in its production. Money is a labor saving machine. It will buy the ne- cessaries of life, and the necessaries of life will bay money. If a man has no money he must produce by his labor that which will command money. It is not necessary to haye as much money in the world as property, because the pro- perty is local ‘and money universal. A man may possess one million in property, and at the same time have no money, and yet be a millionaire. What the requisite proportion of money is to property is a question not yet decided. We know that a contraction of twenty per cent in the circulating medium in a country where business is done upon credit affects the value of property fully ten per cent; that when the currency is expanded a greater sum is required to secure the fame amount of property, when in fact it is an increase in the currency without a corresponding increase in proper- last night at the urred betw | ty. And again, if we contract the currency, as in 1857, without corresponding reduction in the ‘production, we obtain more property for a specified sum! } and w prices have fallen, whereas it is sim- ply a ion in the amount of currency. We | see the is at home, but when we apply the | | | | Richmond Whig, which in the lust st d to hold strong Southern sentiments, andidate for Gor rs ago he endor commends the gh: preten nd pitched into the democratic se it is alleged somes ‘on pamphlet, now opposition members of Congress in the House of Representatives to irrepressible confliet’’ men of that body, bs We org join its words t what we have heretofore ‘said, that the sition members of Congress should ‘not hesi with hele moment about uniting with the republicans ization of the House.” Can it be true that ern opposition are prepared to ty omit system to our dealings with’ foreign countries it is more prominent in its eft Ifwe contract the currency or the measure of price, goods are made cheap, sum will go a good way in buying the necessaries of life. We produce cheaper, without affecting pr giv- ig to American labor the home market for articles which ing that the presence of such a distinguished guestumong-| “imate, soil and the habits of the people can pro- dace to advantage. By we reduce the cost of production, cyrtail importa tions by low prices, and increase exports. We care not how much we import, provided we pay in exchange , the product of American labor. We have land abundant and ch v produce wheat and corn in great aban- upply the wants of our own country, and have a surplus left. We ought to be able to sell it in Eu- We produce cotton, have the machinery to spin, and should compete with the world. We are quarreling among ourselyes about protection, agree as to its necessity, and yet dispute about the remedy. One portion call for free trade. id another tariff, neither of which it is believed will give us the required relief. We have indulged in low tariff and then in a high one, Neither one nor the other has effected the object intended, We have gone on increasing our debt abroad, scraping up all the specie we can gather, yet have been unable to settle up at the end of the year without giving onr note, We sell to Europe for cash, and buy from her on credit mortgage our crop in advaace, inc ‘our debt, the aid by renewing the note. We ma and thereby enrich certain bra the ex- pense of the great mass, and at the same time inc the currency until the cost of production at home over- rides the tariff, when foreign more! comes in as before; when the difference in the cost of production in Europe and America must bo equal to the tarift, transpor- tation and profit; otherwise impo: ase; this of itself cuts off our exports, and gives to Europe our home market, compelling us to pay in specie instead of the pro- duets of labor. At the present time we send them all the cotton we can spare, all the gold received from California, and yet are laboring under a heavy indebtedness. Goods come for the om it is the highest market, and we are overloaded with more than can be sold; yet the difference in the cost of production, which is the difference in the currency, is so great that they can sell them to us, after paying duty, freight, insurance commission and other expenses, at a price below what cost here to produce, affording a large profitto the import- er. If any one doubts the truth of this assertion, let him refer back to the year 1857, when bankruptcy overtook 80 many mercantile firms in this city, and see how small a portion of the whole nuinber wore foreign, proving contracting the currency most conclusively that the foreign trade had been profita- ble, while the domestic was disastrous. We may protect American labor by restricting the currency. We may do it in connection with a tariff, but cannot accomplish it with a tariff alone. The higher the tariff the greater will be the dif between the cost of production—that difference, with a mixed currency of paper and g| operate upon American labor, and not upon th labor of Europe, Our mistake is in the currency. We make it too cheap by the infusion of credit. We can, under our sy if, but in nosense can it be prot while the currency is created without limit; prices will of necessity override the tariff, and importations come in as before In these days, when gold pov river, we should establish some system whereby we could retain our portion of the precious metals, We know that politicians of a certain sect ery ont tariff as a remedy for every pain in the body, and another hold up free trade as the great deliverer to the oppressed, We ycree with either. While we advocate a tariff we contend for a restriction in the currency We have no « to burn down th pple of equal rights in order to drive out the vermin which undermine its foundation, but our object is simply to drive them out and save the building. We must follo the Olt World in their policy of protecting labor. W in upon ns as a mighty must have wise laws, just in their conceptions, confor blessings like the dew of Heaven upon att hus canta be done by laying on more duties: with the duties we tue labor, and not capital, Labor is best rewarded under low pe : Us to compete in the home mar kets. ‘Low | erate againgy th wor, Dub he is not entitled to mepcial laws, for tho that he produces nothing. Tet him soek h employment, and the blessings of the la deseend upon him. In a country extendi fro rising to the sun, from the snows of no the equator, laws ‘be enacted equal in their b having for their object the lifung up of the mass; tham comfortable and you make them happy. It ter that every portion of the people be justly re' for their labor. Honest labor is sweet: none & preciate but those that enjoy it. ‘Why do we buy so largely from Europe? Bee: buy cheaper than we can produce. Why is foreign am chandise brought to this market for sale? Because it bring more here than in any other market. What reason we cannot send our wheat to Europe? Because can Duy it for less than ours costs. y do ‘away two millions of gold per week, when gold ig seven per cent per annum in New York and but 4 half in London? Because high prices in this co draw the products of the world here for sale make that which we uce 80 much above wi Incase enual tothe tite aid expenses Be ra Mi juties and ex; in the foreign article to our shoros. Merchandise ing ¢ and gold cheap in comparison, the is sent a merchandise, affording a profit to shipper equ this country Europe as © yee difference between the currency of rope, or the cost of merchandise in with America. Marine Court. Before Hon. Judge Maynard and a Jury. ACTION FOR ALLEGED MALICIOUS GION OF BURGLARY. Ocr. 3.—Lewis Schenfield vs. Myer Finn.—Th in this case complains that the defendant, withog probable cause, maliciously made a complaint the policemen of this city,, as plaintiff was passing Bio pablis streets, charging a with having stolen oo Is from tho defendant; that he caused the p arrested in July, 1858, and taken before a poll tice, where the charge was investigated and d the magistrate. The defence is probable cause; that one Ab: whom the defendant believed to be a confederate o tiff, called at his store in Bayard street and exami stock of cutlery, with a view of purchasing som examining the stock Abrahams said he could n chase, but would bring a friend who required such on the following day Abrahams called with the who looked at the goods, but did not purcha said they would come again; at dark the same c' the plaintiff was seen in the hall of the defendant's: near the door, in avery suspicious attitude, and seen by the landlady of the house avoided her qu and moved from the place. On the same night the of defendant's room was broken open and a qu cutlery fetoniously stolen therefrom; from_ the: other circumstances the defendant contends that probable cause to suspect that plaintiff had stolen perty. Othe Police officer who searched the plaintiff's pret 18 Mott street, deposed that he found there neai cart loads of goods of all denominations; there uantity of jewelry, watchese knives, &c., in and W the plaintiff's bed and in the pillows; the officers d they had made a great haul, but none of the goods identified; there were amongst the property five and oleven knives, which Mr. Finn, the plaintiff, were like his, but he could not swear to them. ‘The Court charged the jury on the law of the cage, explained to them what constituted probable ca! what suspicions would warrant any prudent man it ing the accusation. If, however, the accusation fails. correct, the plaintiff makes the’ charge at his owmt Sealed verdict ; hal ec Court of General Sessions. Before Recorder Barnard. Ocr. 8.—The October term of this Court commen day, the first business in order being the calling Grand Jury pavel; but, as usual, there were not tl cessary number present to constitute a quorum, aa gentlemen who answered to their names were disal Lill to-morrow (Tuesday) morning. The petit j was then called, and after a number of citizens pre excuses for non-service, the Assistant District Att proceeded to try the cases on the calendar. HIGHWAY RonnERY Wm. W. Hagan and James McDermot were p' the bar charged with the heinous crime of highw: bery, said to have been committ under very ag ing circumstances. The complainants were A. P. ney and George W. Chamberlain, who stated that were proceeding along Lispenard street at three in the afternoon of the 18th of September, they to converse with a female, and while engaged in of sation the prisoners came up to them and address rudely, wanting to know why they were talking McDermot immediately hit Mr. MeConney a_ blow, ing him down, while Hagan foliowed his examy knocked down Mr. Chamberlain. Mr. McCoun missed his watch and chain, which were worth failed to ifentify the prisoners, but Mr. Chamber! tively identified both of thom. They escaped at tl Dut were subsequently arrested. The prosecutin said the case was complete against MeDermo', bug] of the fact that the lowest sentence for robbery) years in the State prison, he consented to accept & an assault with intent to rob, to which charge U ant pleaded guilty. The Recorder sentenced hi years’ imprisonment in the State prison. Hagan whom the evidence was. not so positive, was pe: plead guilty to assault and battery. He was senb, penitentiary for nine months, and ordered to pay @ ‘one hundred dollars. WIDOW FORRESTRR SENT TO BLACKWELL'S ISLAND Harriet Forrester, better known as “the Widow,” to be a notorious keeper of houses of ill fame, tried and convicte1 of keeping a disorderly | ho in Canal street at the June term of the!@ was placed at the bar for — sentence, after her conviction her counsel appealed to the Supreme Court, bet that tribunal sustal Recorder's charge, and affirmed the decision of tl Court. Since then “the Widow" has been flouri a green bay tree at her ola quarters, regardless @ verdict of the jury. The habitues of her establi and her lady boarcers have disturbed the peace a piness of the neighbors, and so intolerable had sance become that anumber of police officers neceesary to furnish the Court with a. bateh of af establishing the guilt of the widow beyond all controwe She was penitent, and stated that she had broken tj establishment and wanted another chance to retrieve | character and become a virtuous member of societ the Recorder ‘‘had his mind made up.” On he: the Widow was hardened in sin, he was reminded query—Can a leopard change its spots’ and after a familiar interview with the Widow, he proceeded to: sentence, which was nine months incarceration im Penitentiary and a fine of $200. } FALSE PRETENCES. A respectable looking young man named alias Clement Hamilton, ‘against whom the Jury found five indictments for obaining under false pretences, pleaded guilty to of the charges, and was sent to Blackwell's Island year. BURGLARY. Thomas Wilson, a young man, was tried for burg the third degree, having on the 7th of September en the store of Isaac Brett & Co. , 254 Fulton street, and four skins, worth 75 cents ench. The premises were tered from the front door. Oifficer Hamblin overtook prisoner, and found a portion of the property in hig session. “The jury brought in a verdict of guilty, Ww arecommendation to mercy. One year’s imprison in the penitentiary was his sentence GRAND LARCENY. Mary McCarthy and Honora Scanlin, charged grand larceny in stealing $135 on the 13th of April John Driscoll, were acquitted, haying proved goo racters, and the only evidence for the prosacution hel assertion which the prisoner (Scanlin) made to the that Driscoll had not spirit enough to spend the m and that she would perform that kind act for him. The Court adjourned till Tuesday: The Great Eastern Crossing the TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. ‘The possibility of the Great Eastern crossing the Sandy Hook has been of late an exciting topic for sion, and numerous facts are urged to prove its lity; but Ido not remember to have seen, among sels of heavy draught cited as having crossed any mention made of the United States ship of Ohio; and as the difficulties she experienced, and ner in which those difficulties were overcome, m interesting to your readers, I venture to solicit portion of your space in describing them. The Ohio is, a8 you are aware, a firstclass mau her usual draught being, with battery and stores a bout twenty-five feet aft and twenty-five and a forward; but on this occasion (June, 1847) we we or the Brazils, carrying with us Mr. Tod, Uni Minister to Rio Janciro, and had a large stores for the United States naval storehouse the vessel drawing twenty-six and a half fect aft and six feet forward. We approached the bar at high: in the afternoon in tow of three steamers, and pilots on board who kept the leads going, and possible precaution; but she grounded on the bary only got off into deeper water by the exertions 0 tains of the steamers. We came to anchor that der the full conviction that we should have to re lighten her to get her over. However, Captain, n modore Stringham adopted a method which might, under similar circumstances, serve the G1 ern. ‘He sent a small boat with the pilot and rienced leadsman provided with nine or ten small anchors to which buoys were attached, and a ch suflicient depth was buoyed out and the bearings At high water in the morning we again got under and crossed the bar, following the channel, with periencing the slightest difficulty. R. Formerly of the United States steamer More Trouble Between New York New Jersey. PROCLAMATION BY WILLIAM A NEWELL, GOV OF NEW JERSEY. Whereas, information hath been communicated that the rights of the people of New Jersey in and shad, oyster and other fisheries in the waters Lyi of and middle of the bay of New York, and west middle of that part of the Hudson river which tween Manhattan Island and New Jersey, as well right to navigate the same, is being seriously by the habitual and constant deposit, without thority of the government of the State, of large qu of offensive and deleterious matter dredged ft docks and outlets of the sewers of the city of Net and which, if persisted in, must ultimately be des| to the privileges now enjoyed by our citizens to to navigate therein, and injurious to the health 4 of them contiguous thereto; and whereas, the d this matter is an unauthorized violation of the 8 rights of the State of New Jersey, and is detrin rian proprietors. Now, the interests of the ri 1, William A. Newell, Governor of the State Jersey, do issue this, my proclamation, warning manding all_persons whatever forthwith to d ing any further deposit upon the land, the of this State, under the aforesaid waters. Given under my hand and the great seal of this first day of October, eighteon Wilda 4. NE