The New York Herald Newspaper, September 27, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1859—TRIPLE SHEET. ly t winter assembled a very large | is not yery elastic in its yield of revenue, but there Poe ee catRombanl of Tentain, as evidencs of a de> | is no Kind’ of doubt about its reductivewens. in ‘men. ‘termination to keep us out of Pekin. When it was an- | Large as the Indian armies are, they could be doub- nounced, however, that the foreign Ministers were merely | led to-morrow by amere word from tho governinent, tal and did not intend to reside Foray fetal se ‘© before noticea, began to | hard to raise them, there, a rumor, which we grow thatthe and had issued bis instructions Still wo accordingly. Bmperor himself was anxious for peace, which often finds it hard to pay soldiers, but nover troops, too, would be already inured to the climate of the East, aud are fur superior t> see | the Chinese in intelligence and yaior. ToDe brief, instead ‘olinsin did not break up his camp, and we flud an | of consitering that we Western islanders are called upou current among the Chinese, and su oe Goer dy What has fallen from Romis, ed in or near Pekin, that ho had doclared, happen what might, our ships should not epter the Tiea-tsin river, ror, it issaid, stands in much awe of this Mon- Tian and his followers, to whom be was much beholden in 1804, when the Tai-plug rebels cams gs clos» to capital. Onthe other hand, we repeat, no one can doubt, E Ncwever tied HA migSe Bhaed Wik omoasquences oF A , provided his Majesty could go screen himséit as to th fa be able subsequently to disavow an act of hostility, would not object to seeing the barbarian’s head bpo) ‘What he, or whoever it was whose war counsels prey ed, has overlooked is the certainty that the barbarian will not give in merely becanse he has come to grief in the first round. The check we have sustained, and with our gallant allies, of the conduct of whost small quota ninent wo every one speaks in the highest terms, is too pr ‘be left where it lies. It should teach us a little humili we admit; we shall therofere abstain trom al! whooping on the subject; but we cannot suppose hata luelnemanth will Jngtand to re-establish their of Pekin rue the clumsy treacl tt has perpetrated. FRENCH OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE ACTION. (From the Paris Monitour, Sept. 14.} By the termsof the 42d article of ‘the treaty signed at ‘Nien-Tsin on the 27th of June, 1858, the ratifications of it were to bo exchan; dat Pekin, and the Ministers France and England .t in consequence left Shanghae repair tthe capital of te Colestal empire; after announ- <dug their departure to the Commissioners of the Chinese | to jive tanking fire, comrament.-Baying aryived atthe monihsor the Pein | <0 Te; cankiog Sr cn the 20th June, where they had been preceded by. Ad- miral Hope, commanding the naval forces of her Britannic ‘ted in jionaries | the Soverign of India has been mortally ider that provoked by the Emperor of China, and that the military resources of the former State are tenfold those of the latter. Looking at the matter in this light, and keeping steadily in mind that the Chinese must pay the whole expense to the uttermost farthing, we » Perhaps, succeed in con: vincing ourselves that, exe) Tor the sorrow and dismay inseparable from the loss of brave lives and a maritime disaster, there is not much to threaten us with serious he | tvoublo in this repulso at the Peiho, Tudia can produce on. | the men required, not only without embarrassment, but With a positive relief. CI must find tho monoy, and with these prospects our impending relations with the Celestial empire need give us but litle concern, as far as regards any drain upon our resources at home, When we garrison Tndia with 90,000 Hpitish troops, besides thrico as maby native levies, we have. surely done enough for all our settlements in the Fast wherever situated, aud haps a popular and victorious expedition may serve etter thal anything else to appease that restlessness of to fitout an expedition to the East, let us co his us ty, without such an ¢jfort on the part of Krance and | military spirit which tho lassitude of inaction, Sucoceding | ladders, aud the beaten force retreats to its heaton s! ive as-will make the Court to the excitement of a trying campaign, bas apparently generated in Bengal. IMPRESSIONS OF THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT ON THE FIGHT. {From the London Post (oftictal organ), Sept. 15.) But the most curious part of tho uarrative which we of | publish elsewhere is that which attributes the admirable to | service of tho artillery in. tho forts to European agency. It is quite clear that the defences were so constructed as It is stated further that our mon were Killed and wounded by bullets discharged from Mi- nie ries—a weapon with which the Chinese in former wars Were unacquainted, We know not what cupidity Majesty, they endeavored ineffectually to. put themselves | may do, for we hav in relation with the Chinese authorities. "fhe entraneo of | Ghitined rms from the woantiacta eee oe Be aghane the had been barred by stockades. Admira! Hope | ‘The importation into China of Minie rifles may have been tain Tricanlt, th were obi commanding officer of oi toendeavor to force a t their disdosal, did not succeed in silencing it, ne aod French seamen, and by their officers, After a combat of more than four hours three Euglish the passage: the forts of the Peiho immediately opened tire with their batteries, which had been reconstructed and armed. with guns of a’ long range; the allies, baving an insufficient ding the heroic bravery displayed by the English a succeseful speculation in the hands of some cute Yankee captain, but without European instruciors such arms would have been as useless as the matehiock or the Spear. The representation is, that Russians served guns at the mouth tho Peiho, and thus, ot- | by aiding the cowardly ambuseade of the bar. barous Chinese, strove to wipe out the defeats which their country had sustained in the Crimean war. Better evidence mist be adduced than the writings of ex- gunboats wers sunk, and 478 oflicers aud seamen, fourteen | cited correspondents before we can believe thatthe sub. 07 whom were French wore disabled, Admiral Hope and } jects of a friendly Power have contributed to an act of Captain Tricault were themselves slightly wounded. Una- | ‘treachery, in comparison with which the Hanyo massacre Wie to sustain an guequal conte been combi nd to serve as ngland, the allies eturned to Shan, ‘ernment of the are devising me; an w son the 9th of July. ortto the envoys: ures in common for infli tired for au act So flagrantly disioyal. [Pari A letter appears in La Presse from Shanghee, giving | t ope amany details; amongst others it states that Admiral Ho at the end of the day attempted to commit suicide was prevented fram carrying it into execution by his ofll- cers, by whom he is much beloved. He earliest wounded, but refused to quit the de that the attempt at landing 1,200 men failed of the deep mud on the banks of the river, in which soldiers sank go deep as to be nnabj advance or to retreat... The Chin: by loud roars of laughter, and frequently repeated shouts of derision. ABSTRACT OF THE FUROPEAN KILLED AND WOUNDE) 9 § 3 Ships, de. , agin Plover 6 6 iz Cormorant 5 1 7 Nimrod .. 4 3 2 ‘possum . ge qed Haughty. BEMae Soy lee... 2 2 8 Banterer. = 1-= Forester . _ 2 1 Kestrel i 3 Starling —-— 4 Janus. _-_ - 3 Total gunboats 23 «16 «Bt WwW 6 9 —- 1 6 -—- b 5 a Ba ye Be Soucek Cruiser . _ 5 3 Hesper . Sad 2- Royal Marine Brigade 23 6 53 Royal Enginee 2 Total ships. 3 47 15 ©» ‘Total gunboat 18 23 16 54 Grand total French force, ‘wounded. WAL! Staff Surgeon Her Maje: (From the London Herald, Sept. 15.) The Rev. Mr. Huieatt, wounded on the 25th of June, a arrived in Hong Kong by the Aden, on the 18th inst. we believe is doing well, he proceeds to Europe by mail. he is beloved for his urbanity and kindly disposition, are not able to coufirm this report. It is stated that some of the wounds inflicted on men at the late attack at the Peibo were ca ‘Duis. If this be true, it is significant. TAKING THE WOUNDED TO SHANGTAE. {From the Loudon Times, Sept. 15.] From a letter of the 10th of July we ship Assistance was then off Saddlo Isl baying brought down 150 of the wo: ed. It was to start early next mor near Ningpo, among the Chusan Islan pected there would be a fi the hot weather should be passed. The Magicienne and the Coromandel arrived a from the Peiho on the 10th inst. Poor Captair e regret to say, was scare ted to live. His leg had been amputated bi nee, and it thought that another a ‘would be necessary, as affording him the only c! saving his life. ds, near Shs cases of the wou where it was The last accounts of the Admiral were that he was doing well There bad been only three deaths on board the Assist- the great majority the wounded on board were getting on wonderfully well. ance after she left the Peiho, an BRITISH REINFORCEMENTS FOR CHINA. (From the London Times, Sept. 15.] In consequence of the serious intelligence ju from China and the recommencement of hostiliti country, the government have decided on di several additional steam frigates and corvette with a sufficient number of sailing frigates to Squadron now in the Chin Portsmonth, and Woolwich bein that num ‘The names of the be ordered from the several stations are expected to be annou! a few day: Yesterday orders were received at the Royal Na’ Ren Tower Hill, to , petty off ng for the reinforcement of the ect in China. wat the ships of war ordered on the China stati manned with all expedition, the coastguard to be called on to volunteer. Her Majesty's s if uder Broad, has gone round to F! st coast to receive such men as will join. a large draught of men arrived from Greenoc receiving ship off the Tower, whence they will draughted to Portsmouth and the stokers to Sheerness. BRITISH COMMERCIAL REPORTS FROM CH [From the London Times (city artic! 15 mercantile letters from China gi the view that the renewal of hostilities will not be tended by any material interruption of trade. At Shangh it is said the hatives are greatly annoyed at what has hap y of them being peaceful well-wishers equently , pened, the majori to the progress of commerce. ‘There is, con thought to be no danger of the good relations with th Deing disturbed. A conviction is expressed, howev that the English government will have to send out a large naval and military force. with forces that had only compelled to retire, pperor and that of her Britan- ment, and obtaining all the reparatioas re- Sept. 13) correspondence of the London Post.] It is reported that Admiral Hope had attempted to com- | ¢0t mit suicide, but was prevented by his officers, by whom \ by Minnie learn thitt the troop for a anchorage able place for lying in until | Shanghae just received e and ordina sea- 's, and artizans for the ships rally concur in ary A blockade of the various ports would soon, it is believed, bring the Emperor to isa venial and excusable offence. We must, before we leave the subject, do justice to the French, whose bravery is worthy of every commendation. Out of sixty men landed four were killed and ten wounded, and amongst the latter the captain of the Duehayla. A tribute is also to the Americans for the readiness with which they ed the British ships out of danger and rendered suc- cor to the wounded. We know not what diplomacy nay attempt to effect in the interval which might elapse bofore of ople of England and France we ar rest satistied rentil the treacherous a1 ese have been taught a lesson, the effect of whi tance can ever obliterate. MENCES THE BATTLE—AMERICANS Y DLY TO BOTH SIDES. {From the London Times, Sept. 15.) Although the engagement took place on the 25th it is evident that hostile operations on our part date from the previous night, when, according to some of the accounts, Admiral’s vessel made some attempts to 3 of the outer barrier, which were not ful, though we cannot say how tach that ill for- as attributable to the tide and want of means, or | to the fire which we are told was opened on him and his by the forts, But that isa cardinal point in tho description of the whole affair, If it be truc that the Chinese opened fire on the night of the 2th, there can be no pretext for saying that our officers might have supposed the stakes and barriers to be | mere crade and ‘weak inventions of the enemy,’ to which the forts could give no strength, and which would not be covered by the fire of troops on shore. i e to trast the narratives which have reach- » prepared to meet opposition, and ures as they thonght suflicient to overcome depots and hutks suaded will’ rfidions Chi neither time the pe the ht | tS a ad pose ri ‘on shore, | should it be necessary to Land troops in order to turn or attack | the forts ty land. The steamers immediately engaged were | the Ni ormorant, 4; Coromandel, Plover, Opos- ty, Janus, Kestrel, Forester, Banterer ; each armed after the fashion of their class, vy guns, But officers, sailors and marines + Magicienne, Chesapeake, troopship r, Cambrian and Fury, were also ong: apttin (Tricault) of the French steam oop Duchayla is especially mentioned as foremost in the attack on lakd, and out of his smali party of 60 he had 15 led or wounded. On the whole, it would appear that | they had about 40 guns to open on the Chinese forts, and | that they landed about 800 or 1,000 men of the Naval and Marine brigades to attack them. Another great nation was m the waters of the Picho, lut the United States | 10 active part in the conflict, Unough we state with ready | gratitude that the American vessels rendered the utmost as- | Gistance to our wounded, and contriluted as far as they could | to the success of our common object. The accounts of the American and French officers will throw great and, we hope comfortim is transaction, of which we have as yet counts, all, of a distressing That our at K deliberate cannot be eleoslI TET EE deat tL dE PTL amiss: a this | howe steney.. | doubted. “Indeed, on the 24th we can imagine Mr. Bruce We | saying, “1am quite tired of these excuses, Tt anly re | with you, Admiral, to take me up to Pekin.” our | fancy’ the going off at night and strength of the stakes and booms in an abortive attempt | te heave them out of their bed of mud; the sudden flash | of two guns streaking the darkness, the Tush of the shot, | andthe pleasant remark of the captain, “Never mind? it’s no use trying it any more, but we will pay als in the morning.” Then comes daylight. yellow stream of the Petho, of booms and the jagged te ». Right and lett ere, on the loft another channel, “where Mr. moet the Pek mandarins. ng forts in front on both ig, and so placed that nd ex- js to go ror bere are of the rive a those on one side can enfilade v those forts which are on the other; but that we do not so ‘hb inind old maxim, that which it as, those who make ely | Previous mon on , Who represented that the country people to that the booms, stakes me laudable end, and that udors ought really to go round’ by some the Imperial Commissioners, would pr nts on the shore: Th, when our all! country people’? y spent sel of tl of sturdy pe or the & which the morning was poss! attack. Then each pprove. ea wing the details of the ila got up steam, and ships were held in readiness to ve into the boats soon as they might be required. up, ud the gunboats move to the stakes. yal ; We must suppose the advance was effected at the top a- | of the tide. One ramer drags out an iron | spike. One on the right and one on the left of the it In | river run the main body of the ion Nandy gels get inside the line of | and are advancing to the second barrier, when ‘sudden! is fired from one of the forts. The the bows of tho Admiral’s shot rushes 1 re triced up,’ mantlets dashed down al! along the line of curtains and bas from both sides of the river a fire of numerous g*trom twenty-four to fitty-pounders, is be 1, the tire ne gone. titute of eam vessels. fately returned That is, those small narrow at- broadside fire, and provited only with bow and stern guns, slewing round on iron rails, were exposed to the very’ description of fire, only six or seven hundred able to resist, reply to s off, whieh they were le fr gins with the courage et The men fought th ei, of British sailors, but in an hour and a half the gunboats "> had suffered so severely from the fire that three were sunk or sinking; the Admiral had been obligod to shift his flag twice, and from each vessel he bore afresh wound; and orders were sent to the depot vossels Submission; but this, by depriving Great Britain B : = vy 1 - ra ut the tide was now running down pi sah A i irae Ab el Minute after minuto revealed banks of Would be equally disagreeable for both parties. forts, deep, slimy and glistening, ‘In a ~ be ta however, is suggested |= whether utes (after 1.80) the Opossum had several of e English ' should go on paying duties to ade ereuied. (ib dhatpiowae te ecitivat the Chinese, which at Shanghae alone amount to £500,000 Per annum; but in that case the contingency has to Considered that the Chinese might retaliate by ordering ‘ man of the Bn entire suspension of business with forciguers at the sLovery ¢ ough suc . x ; the Haughty (Broad), Lee (Jones), K warious ports, although such a measure would be fatal to (Bevan), and Co ‘ant (Wodehouse), were se themselves, since it would practically ha ‘ag a blockade. The American mei «question with considerable interest, since t States authorities had decided that tiey must ¢ rally to their own treaty stipula the course of other Powers, so 1 compelled to pay while the English culty, supposing it to arise, would easy expedients. It was generally dhere lit without regard met e the same effect ants regarded the United 4 that the severely hit; her gallant commander, Rason, and ain M’Kenna, of the First Royala, doing duty on the , killed, und almost e' be crippled that they rein a sinking sta fought on, lying well up to the foris, and plying | te. them 80 sharply with their shot f) | pear to have silenced at ” guns. So late as five o'clock in the evening the marines previously embarked in the boats 1 signal to land and carry the works by assault. by begins anotKer sad episode of that which may be fairly vi ass exped cough | called pe ee Sa les Me arke 0 Berge up the troops to a bunk of mad. As they struggled to gain will revelve intelligence from Bt. Petorsh pubt vou | their Jogs in the sticky treacherous mass, the guns which you get this.” If the event was known carly at that | Seemed to have been silenced opened from all the fort Capital it has been a secret well kept ENGLAND'S POWER TO SUBDUE CHINA NEAR AT HAND. (From the London Timea, Sept. 15.] * * * * India, close at hand, is swarming with a superabund soldiery, well disciplined, thoroughly acclimatized, anxious for employment. these armaments to the shores of China would relieve our Tuan finances, for the Chinese, of course, nuit pay for war; would find our troops the and would rapidly enable us to recowen the position whi the late miscarriage has costs us. India is @ Second c tre of British strength, an empire in itself; and it wo: ‘be strange indeed if, with such an empire, gorged i with soldiers, and immediately war, We should be und: i ona tedious and protrac : All that we want is rapidity of mow again that we miss the completion of Ue Had we done as we might have © been only a wer cutta. The old Sepoy regiments, oy ‘were generally averse {rom furs enlisted especially for home of the sea, and scarcely | now, perbaps, our leas regular roy, vited to “volunteer” for the expe good officers and a prospect of would “go anywhere and om Ox e a frae choi 1 be auticipated in ge Intian t at lov as: The diversion of a portioa of ocenpation they desire, itis | with terrible energy on our troops. Still those who did no sink down to die a horrible death in that Slough of Des yond alvanced through mud so deep that it always tooi them up to their knees, and often swallowed them iny y tol bnt they went on struggling through thi ent :, swept down by artillery, ta which was added nd ‘aed the walls, musketry, Miuie rifles, and— ver a quarter of a mile of when they arrived at the the | itches, of which nothing was known, though the: ch tea feet broad and tive fest ich | deep. Zmagine such an obetarle to men who had got through on- | the ordeal of the mud: amd yet they fared it. In they went; ald | up té their ny ; » water is torn around them by tis \ incessant show 3 | with soddenned pone unflagging courage, | le aeross gnother ( nt fire, Avother deep we y’s fire jg redoubled HL puaged bY those who h y another 0 A third ditch lies befor Is it so wonderful tha: of th men who, landed only 100 are said to have re ssc deadly trenches? 1s it ni of thom got as h, and were ther ) fort, if thes scaling ladders, However, bot one are broken, the covering tire at is ordered. c, and in the ; the second fue the bat i thein, close tel * miraculous that fi Wank of the th rival of reinforcements in the waters of China, but, els which may attack | lors in the junks prepared beforehand | tragedy. The boats touched no land, but brought | their flights ot arabe and mueket balla ansie weary, ee who are sogre through the mud, are searching as they retire for their wounded comrades. It is @ most melancholy story, Without accusing the Admiral of any grievous error as yet, we may) at Teast express our bolief that the “two portioas of | the assault were singularly misplaced, and that each was iM managed. Had tho forts been carricl, the removal of the booms, stakes and barrigrs la! been a harmless and bloodless operation, attack by sea was too late—the landing singutarly injuiticious both as to time and place, Scarcely had the ships becn cuguged when they were deprived of half the benefit of reserves, reinforcements and boats by the ebbing tide. Any offlcor who had been a week in a Chinese river should hive 6 seen that there would be mud banks on the sho: tide. Tn all operations of war barbarians will fi; if they are attacked .as they expect attack. under cover, advance straight on their guns Chincse will not flinch to load, point and five them, Had those splendid sailors and’ marines been daaded carly im tho day, at tho top of the tite, well covered by the fre of the flotilla, and direted to make a wire 5 p towards the rear of forts, should probably have had to record a bloodless victory, insterd of & bloody repulse, When the fire of the gunboats is almost silenced we land a force late in the afternoon to march right up to the guas of an enemy confident in an unmisia- kable success. We hurl them pell-moll at the works. Mud and water fight against us. There are no pontoons, no To say the least, the combination of the attacks was inju- dicious. Tho terminagon has undoubtedly boon calami. tous, but the triumph of the war party fh Citina will be butshort. Every one of our ships must be rebuilt with Chinese silver. It remains to be seen what comp we shallexact fer the loss of so many gallant offi WILL THE CHINA WAR STRENGTHEN THE ANGLD- FRENCH ALLIANCE?, [Paris (Sept. 13) correspondence of the London News.) ‘The only morning paper which dwells at any length upon the Chinese alair is the Débats. White admitting the necessity of inflicting « terrible chastisement upon these perfidious people, M. Paradal doubts whether France and England can now turn from the more important matters which engage their attention in Europe. It is observed here as a fact worthy of attention that this outrage has been committed upon France and England, while the am- lassadors of Hussia and the United States hare been ad- mitted to Pekin—the former, it is believed, some ti People ask,jcan such an attack have been planned without some intimation reaching him? You will observe that po- litical seepticisms lead to strange conclagions here. ‘This new and most unlooked for subject is thus noticed by your good natured and ultramontane contemporary the Gazette de France:—It is not likely that England will venture to send rery considerable forces, seeing that ‘ Beware of France’ is the order of the day in that country.” The prospect of another Anglo-French expedition to China has not acted unfavorably on the Bourse, I believe the public in general rejoices atau event which it is con sidered will render important differences between the two countries for the present impossible. People may talk as they will about the popularity of a war against France. A war to be entered on with confidence in France must be one in which English and French arms are arrayed on the same side. ‘The on dit of the Bourse assigns 10,000 French troops, besides a considerable num- ber of ships, as the contribution of Fr ation THE LATEST. VEMENTS OF THE DIPLOMATS—IMPERIAL HONORS TO THE AMERICAN MINISTER. {From the North China Herald, July cag The Hon, F. W. Bruce and M, de Bourboulon, the Minis- ters of England and France, with their suites, have arriv in Shanghae—the former in the Coromandel, the latter in the Du C The Magicienne and Assistance are gone to an anchorage off Chinhae, Ningpo, near Kintang Island, where the British squadron will rendezvous to recruit the ick and wounded. The Hesper arrived yesterday, from ulf on the 8th. The Admiral, in the Chesapeake, was waiting until the disabled gunboats were ready to ac- company him. to the rendezvous, The Highflyer was to leave on the 8th for Shanghae, under sail, where she will take her station again as guardship. The Cruiser and two gunboats will remain in the Gulf. } We learn that arrangements had been made for a meet- ing of the American Minister, Mr. Ward, and the, Gover- nor General of Chihli, Hang.’ The meeting was to take place on the 8th inst., at Peh-tang, tho northern entrance to the Pei-ho, about ten miles distant from Taku. The question of going to Pekin, it was expected, would be de- cided on at that meeting. ‘A supply of provBions had been sent off to the Ameri- can ships, and it was said that instructions had been issued by the Emperor to his high oficer, to receive dnd escort the Minister and his suite to the , for the exchange of the ae en of the treaty. e Russian treaty had already cen exchanged. Horace Rumbold, Esq., and M. Le Comte Kleezkowski, sceretaries of the British and French legations, proceed by this mail with despatches for their respective governments. AFFAIRS IN ITALY. 5 Napoleon’s Explanation of the Treat; Mlafranca—Austrian Endorsement of His Habba pel, only in Central Italy— Specch of Farini on Parmese Politics. THE MONITEUR ARTICLE—NAPOLEON’S STATEMENT OF THE MISSION OF FRANCE IN ITALY. {From tbe Paris Moniteur, Sept, 9. When facts spenk for themselves it would appear at the first glance useless to explain them, Nevertheless, when passion or intrigue distort the most simple incidents, it be- comes indispensable to re-establish their real character in order that every one may be able to judge of the progress of events with a full knowledge of the facts. In the month of July last, when, the Franco-Sardinian and Austrian armies Were in presetfce of each othor, be- tween the Adige and the Mincio, the chances were equal } on both sides; if the former had_ on its side the moral influe f successes obtained, the latter army was nu- Stronger, and leant for support not only on for- but also on the whole of Germany, at the first signal to m: common canse in fayor of Austria, Had that eventuality been realized, the Emperor Napoleon would have been forced to withdraw his troops from the banks of the Adige to direct them on the Rhine, and the cause of Italy, for which the war has been under- not lost, at least seriously Emperor thoaght (vantageous in the first plac and to Italy in the second, to conclude peace, provided the conditions were in comformity with the programme which ke had imposed on himself, and uszful to the cause ke wished to w that it woul stion was to know whether A ed territory by t er she would frankly abandon the had acquired throughout the Penin: hier she would recognise the principle of an Ita nality by admitting a federative system; he would consent to endow ich would make of it a real Relative to the first point, the Emperor of Austria ceded without dispute the conquered territory; and with regard to the second, he promised the ceasions to Ve: anitting for her future organization the position of einburg 4s regards the Germanic Confederation; but he made the return of the Archdukes to their States a sine qua rum condition for these concessions. The question was, therefore, very Villafranca; the Emperor Napoles hing for Venetia and cont quired by hi t concessions nationality, he was to give his the Archdukes. Good sense, line of conduct, for it w bring back the lian and lastly, clearly set forth at m was either to stipula in order to F tion of the principle of hesion to the return of , therefore, traced out his s by no means contemfated to rehdukes with the assistance of foreign buton the contrary, to eflect their return, with by ‘the free will of the people, who | wonld be to understand how much that return was for the interest of the great ftalian country. Such, ina fe F lanation of the ne- gotiation of Ville dal mind it is by the of peace, es much, and perhaps more, than he ed by arms. It musteven be admitted that it was feeling of deep sympathy that the Emperor yoleon saw with what frankness and resolution the rt pounced, the interest of to re-establish good re- of his finest provinces, | evident that the Emperor Napoleon obtained, treaty i | of glor: Italy. In fuct, if the treaty were sincerely executed, Austria would be no more to the Peninsula a hostile and formida- ional aspirations, from Parma ples; but she would, ou Power, since she chnsentad longer a German Power on this side If develope Ratian nationality to the itis casy to comprehend that if 1 been confided to ont the future of the common country. than for petty partial successes, the aim of their efforts would have been to develope, and @ot to thwart, the conse- quences of the treaty of Villafranca. What more simple and more putriotic, in fact, than tos | wish to see the Archdukes return? Well, | execute faithfully your promises concerning Venitia; let her receive a life of her own; Jet her have an italian army,’ and an italian administration, ima word let the Emperor ing more on this side of the Alps than Gof the Netheriands he Grand Duke of Laxembarg.’” sby means of frank and fri yuations, the Emperor of Austria might have been pt combinations more port with the desires manifested by the Duchies of Modena and Parma. After what had passed the Emperor Napoleon had a right t n on the good sense and patriotism of Italy, e that she would understand the main which may be resumed in th Lof risking @ European war, and cons quently the lence of his country—instead of expending an ) millions, and shedding the blood of 59,000 of his the ‘apoleon has accopted a which, for the for ages, sanctions the n y of the Penin edmont, whi part oT : her power consid willingly no of the Alps, and to hel shore the Adriatic. From what preced: after the peace the d men more anxio | | will pla od for ali these, sovereign houses to their States,” ae we still believe will be under: art of the nai Froneh gov 8 will not be brought b: j but a part of the condi!’ not being executed, the Em; discharged from ail the ¢ iy conlition ia im veation of the old stood ty the foreign for Villafran find himee Favor of Venetia. 1 ‘the right bank of the P rf footing on the WR hank, a roes on & War yo comilia tion and peace we shall ser revived a. mishnsl and | hatred. ch will lead to fred trouble roth Usastars, Some persons appear to hope mua a Enropean Congress. We eall for one our. ail our wishes, Uut we greatly doubt that a Congr: ‘can oilain any better conditioms for Italy. A Congress an only demand what is and would it be just to require important concessions reat Power without offering some fair compensa v would be the only moans: Jet herself—thore is but on . war for #4 idea: that 4 aegompliehsd ber task, I of the Katian prc AUSTRIAN OPINION OF NAPOLEON'S TRALIAN STATE . ‘MENT. ‘The Cst Deutsche Post, of Vienna, Cg ete the arti- cle of the Moniteur on Raly, says:—The Moniteur tots us first of all’ that gf the efforts hithorto made to inducy Heamont to eat the treaty of peace have boen us) loss. It announces the pro! of an early congress and the possibility of a war ag the consequence of it, and declares in advance that in this caso neither Piodmo Italy can Count on the assistance of France. It 4 warning against the selfishnoss of land, Wao hever feels enthusiasin for a pure idea. If we retisct that the Power which gives these yf oo has still in bay 50,000 Iman, she may fudge of the Gal ule which the ror of the French’ reserves for his policy as regards the di chances and results of & coneress if one should assemble. THE FUTURE OF CENTRAL ITALY—POLICY OF NA?O- LEON AND AUSTRIA IN THE STATES, {Paris (Sept. 13) correspondence of the London Times.) ‘The moat that the majority of politicians seok to divine, and that very fruitlessly, is the real intention and object of the French Bmperor. There seems a growing belief that he desires and expects to place his cousin on a central Italian throne, Following, some say, his usual astute and tenebrous policy, he works to place the people of the | Duchies in such a position that they shall ‘be contont to take Prince Napoleon as a pis aller—as a middle term b2- nthe Archdukes whom they ry ect, and the Ki tw Piedmont, who is to be.induced to reject them. Tho idoa has been started—but seems to me, I confess, far fetchod and improbable, for various reasons—that thore has been from the first a covert understanding on this head between the French and Piedmontese gov- ernments, to the effect that while Sardinia was to be aggrandized by Lombardy and Vonico, Central Italy should fall to the husband of Victor Emanuel’s daughter, Yenico being rytained by Austria, the Piod- mnie King, it {8 suggested, may baye thought himself entitled to compensation in another quarier for the short- comings of his great ‘ally in the conquest of Northern Italy as far as the Adriatic, and may have been unwilling to abandon the idea of forming a strong Italian State, such a8 might in time hope to contend not unsuccessfully with Austria for her last Italian province. On the other hand, although Victor Emanuel’s reply to the Tuscan de- putation has been twisted by those whom it most concerns: into acceptance of their proffered allegiance, it contains nothing, a8 Tread it, incompauble with an understanding between the French and Piedmontese governmonts for se- curing Central Italy to Napoleon Jerome, whose friends, as 1 yester told you, are working strenuously on his behalf among those whom they would convert into his subjects, Whatever the seoret understanding that may ex- ist, there are persons disposed to interpret the present at. titude of Piedmont as one of security with regard to the Emperor's intentions towards Italy. In truth, that atti- tude is so extremely reserved and cautious that it is not easy lo understand (at least from what we can discern of it at this distance) what it really does indicate. As regards the wishes of the great moderate liberal mouarehical party in Italy, we know well enough what thoae are, and that they Would certainly not be met by the installation ofa Bonaparte as sovereign of the disputed territories, Nothing seemed to annoy that party more at any period of the rather long time before the war, duriag hich they made sure that France was coming to their aid, than the expression of the strong doubt which most unitnpassioned and disiaterested obsérvers entertained that the Emperor was not going into Italy entirely pour leur Wauz yeux, and of the Delicf that, if they got rid of the Avstriums, they might probably find ‘themselves in some way or other saddled with the French. Such is is their detestation of the Austrians that it is not imposs ble that if they had been told from the commencement that the price of their riddance of them would be tho sovereignty of a French prince ov of the fairest por- tions of Italy, the till might have accepted the terms. But the condition was not laid down to them. They san- guinely believed that, after expelling the Austrians, the French would depart and leave Italy to the Italians. They now find themselves doubly disappointed. ‘The Austrians still hold that portion of Italy which they can best defend, and which they assuredly Will not easily relinquish; thoy occupy Venetia with 200,000 men, and their four formida- ble fortresses frown over Victor Emanuel’s newly aequired Lombard plains. If, in addition to this disap- pointment, the Italians behold a French prince and French influence strongly established in Central Italy, they will, erhaps, begin to think that they have paid rather dearly for their whistle, and havo gained little by their eflorts and sacrifices beyond the temporary humiliation of a still powerful foe. SPEECH OF FARINI ‘The following are th opening speech of the Dict ‘a Assembly of Parma on its first sitting Gentlemen—In 1718, by the treaty of the quadruple alliance, the Duchy of Parma was declared a fief of the em- pire. The investiture conferred on Dou Carlos, the eldest son of Philip ¥. of Spain, was ratified in 1725 by the treaty of Vienna. Afterwards, by the pr 1735 and the compact form 1788 between the Empe- rorand the most Christian King, Parma and Piacenza were ceded to Austria. Rut in 1748, by the peace of Aix- la-Chapelle, they were, toxether with Guastalla, restored to the Bourbons of Spain. The Bourbons, therefore, com- menced reigning by imperial and feudal right, whilst the Holy See was complainitg and also proclaimiag loudly its feudal rights; but as for the rights of the peoples, no one thought of them. ‘The first Bourbons made the changes that the times required; they had with Rome those disputes which almost all the Princes had for increasing the power of royalty, and which nearly every people have now for preserving civil liberty. Then in the wars of the French revolution they lost their States that Spain ceded in 1800 to France, who, by the treaty of Lunéville, indemnified the Bourbons with the throne of ‘Tuscany, and made of these provinces one of her depart- ments, which took the aame of the Taro. It was in this way that the Italian peoples were bandied about by two foreign domiuations, as if they had merely been comple- ments to the throne and princely dowers. * * * ‘Tho ¥rench domination, which introduced the laws and the institutions of the traditions and Latin genius, oponed the way for civic renovation. Napoleon being’ conquered, Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla were, in 1814, by the trea” ty of Paris, given to the Empress Marie Louise; subse- quently, at’ the Congress of Vienna, this donation was ratified, but declared provisional. It was afterwards set- tled in 1817, by the treaty of Paris, that on the, death of the Austrian Archduchess they should re- stored to the Spanish Maria Louisa and to her son Don Carlos, who, in the meanwhile, possess- ed the usufruct of the duchy of Lucca. The rights of reversibility and the articles of the treaty of Aix-la- Chapelle wise the clauses stipulated between Aus- tria and Sardinia mM the year 1815, were maintained. The government of Napoleon’s widow was praised by the comparison made between it and those of its neighbors; she upheld the laws and modern institutions, was gentle and tolerant, fi 1 the sciences, and accomplished many works of public utility. In the fifetime of Marie Louise, the Duke Charles of Bourbon soid the duchy of Guastatia to the Duke of Modena, under the pretextof rectifying the frontiers, but in reality for enabling him to pay his debts. since in exchange for Guastalla and some provinces of the Lunigiana he received for his own special behoof an an- nuity of 600,000 francs. The treaty was concluded at Florence on the 28th of Novermber, 1844; it was kept se- cret until the death of Marie Louise. The peoples felt contempt for it; Earope did not interfere. Such was the injury that Charles If. did tf state before he ascended the throne. Having come to Parma towards the end of 1847, le signed in February, 1848, a treaty with Anstria, like the one which “the Duke of Modena had concluded to the detriment of Italy. Tn that ime the peoples of Italy walked in new ways, de- manding of the princes inoderate liberty and national The Duke, who had tratticl with the Austrian of as to the anticipated cession of Lucea, and sold Fuastalla to the Austrian of Modena, was the slave of | Austria. He abdicated in favor of his son in the month of | August, 1848, reserving to himself from the treasury ap anual pension of of 200,000f. His son was placed upon | the throne by Austrian troops. * * * Charles IIL. ar- | rived heralded by a bad reputation, which he rendered yet worse, ® * * The Duke porishod; his widow, at iret, lot it be supposed that her government had liboral tions; but the governors soon relapsed; fearing liberty, and docile to Austria, Blood flowed in consequence of the summary judgments and poptiar vengeance; it was vio- leoce against violence, An affair supervened that tar- ed the reputation of the government; it was known some persons would attempt an insurrection, it was Wished not to prevent but to suppress it. Then they boast- ed of it, Then, while exulting in the re establish: order, they suffered the tranquil city to be soiled with car- nage, 'and’pillaged both through theirewn and the Aus- trian troops. This tarnish remains. The Austrians increasing their [demands,$ imposed a customs le: transported to Mantua the State prisoners with: out any overt protest on the part of the rulers, who champed the bit perhaps, but did not feel the dignity of an independent State. Nevertheless, when the measure of Austrian insolence was piled up to the brim, they en- deavored to bring the occupation of Parma to an end, but in secret, as if it had been a crime of imperial ty,as if they had feared to deserve well of Italy. stil, they praised a minister who did not wish to renew the customs league, but the government continued to pro- valously the Austrian system. It is truo that. by ty of 1848 Austria was able to traverse the State as if it wore her own; but when similar troaties were cen- sured by ail the civilized potentates, the government of Parma did not attempt inthe least to remedy it, though it might have done 80 without danger if it had had a soui re- pugnant to Austrian servitude. Austria, who by general treaties had the pure and simple right (I transcribe the expressions) of keeping a garrison in Piacenza, construct- ed fortresses and entrenchments; the King of Sardinia, the guardian of bis own States’ and the champion of Italian independe ned; but the rulers of Parma did not , and were not willing to hear the complaints of others, content, as they were, to possess in their land one of the most important fortresses of the Austrian ‘tem. They wighed it subsequently be understood that they desiréd to maintain y is necessary to reveal the whole truth for the sake of his tory. When the Duchess regent, who had fled in the ear ly partof May, was brought back here by the culpable hope of Au vs that on terri prey rly show how litt sincere were in May, and what sinecrity there can now be in the protestations of devoted- ness to the conqueror. ‘The Minister of Foreign Affairs had cordial relations with Vienna before and during the Austrian invasion of Piedmont. So long as the last thread r hopes was not broken, the Bourbon government, that of Este, made applications at Vienna for armed ish the princes on their thrones after ‘y,” an auswer that appeared so hard to the Bourbon that he wrote tothe minister at Parma, “It was worth incurring the expense (I translate lite- treaty with Austria to have such an What then have been the merits of a brief account of them, not rally) of making a answer given the Boubon dynast; In a reign of rathe of the people were chan ordinances, the bi the predominance of ¢ increased by 1,100,000 I 00t. for the deb! | the grave dilficulties whi eee widow and an or of the throne -Teave to Fr hy seagate debts of pity. ‘THE ANGLO-FRENCH ALLIANCE AND FRENCH PRE » PABATIONS WAR. ‘Ataris (Sent, 33) ‘corres; of London Times.) fot only in ‘but in provincial towns, pene <n sel a rian — since eur article sess te Beane” fe eee ina great measure the utter stagnation of commercial aifairs, and ® tondency to decline in the public fands. During the last two days the firat quostion every one asks is as to what people say in England of the Mniteur article. In combination with this is the * fact, ver: well and generally known, that great activity prevail in the French military ports and arsenals, One hears on all sides of preparations of a formilable nature, of the application the new invention of steel plates to a large number of vessels, of the construction (in rogress or ordered) of new ships—and Frenchmon, tke Englishmen, naturally ask for what purpose, ox- cept one, can all this warlike armament be intended? It is impossible to get at official information on tho subject of such preparations, and the Aoniteur de la Flette is. very much on the reserve of late, but you may on it that there is no belief hore that France is reducing her naval force in any way which it would take her mere than a very short time to make up again, while it is positively known that if no very recent orders have been given for the building of new ships, measures are actively taking to increase the strength (iu the mannor aboye mentioned) of those already constructed. The friends of peace and the supporters of the English alliance, who comprise a great majority of the most educated and intelligent classes in France, and who comprise, notably, the liberal party, would fain reassure themselves as the probabilities of the futuro, and they gladly catch ataay occasion gf 50 doing. Thus the news that reached us yester- day of the disastrous engagement in the Yellow River is made the foundation of a hope for a more cordial under- standing between this Sonnet and England. It is hoped and expected that a powerful Anglo-French force will bo sent to give a lesson to the Chinese, and people wait with strong interest to hear what instructions on the subject will reach Paris frean Biarritz. {From the Opinion Nationale of Paris, Sopt. 18.] Despite the vaciilating character which the necessities of avery complicated situation may stainp upon the policy of the French government, we are fully persuaded 4 while desiring to ful its engagements, it continue’ to fol- low by diplomacy the end it had in. view during the war, and that the independence of Italy is the object of all its efforts. If on this ground it can feel assured of the support of England, one cannot see whence difficulties should arise. England seems anxious, by a soinewhat tardy mani- *festation of zeal, to repair the shortcomings of the policy pursued by the tory cabinet; and it would appear that this ex post facio outcry is not agreeable to the French govern ment, which, after having borne the burden aud heat of the day, finds itself outdone in words by the laborers of the eleventh hour. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that the susceptibilities and shades of attitude will quickly dis- appear before a common diplomatic action. If, during the war, England too much lost sight of her character of a ji- beral Power, she evidently remembers it now, ‘This 1s an cnormous fact, this is. a precious guarantee for the rights of of Italy. As to France, she bas shown too plain jy her solicitude for Italian independence to leave tae slightest doubt as to her intentions; and if her oficial language, less distinct than that of England, fas retained the impression of the negotiations of Villafrany nobody 18 a right to Suppose that, when the time comes, she will abandon to England that part of a liberal Power to which deeds are after all more serious titles than words. {From the Paris Pays, Sept. 13.] Since the appearance of the article in the Moniteur, a singular movement has been observable in some Parisian journals. The duchies have been left aside, and England as become the object of vinegar-sweet observations, and even threats. ‘The meaning of such tactics is easily de- tected, It is hoped that the public, remarking the coin dence of these attacks with the declarations ofthe Moni. tour, will infer that the latter contains something harsh or olfensive against’ our neighbors. It would be very ditlieult, however, to justify such a point of view. England is said to’ desire the meeting of a congress, Nothing is more natural. England holds too high a position among the great Powers not to desire legitimately to take part in the settlement of the great questions which interest Europe. But France, far trom opposing & congress, wishes for it heartily (de tous sea veur) as the Moniteur itself declares. Only it is very evident that matters are not ripe for the immediate assem- bling of a congress. ‘The act signed at Villafranca is but a preliminary act. Peace must be signed at Zurich between the belligerent parties, before questions of general order can be brought before Europe. England and the other Powers have themselves declared that they would wait to pronounce upon ihe opportuneness of a congress till the preliminaries of Zurich should be converted into a definite peace, ‘The offensive articles to which we allude aro wholly unjustifiable, and they haye the bad effect of throwing doubts en the public mind upon the relations existing between the governments of France and Eng- land—relations which have nevertheless not ceased to be perfectly friendly, and which will now be drawn still more Jirmly by the necessity for undertaking in common a vast expedition for avenging the outrage offered to the combined Stags in China. Our Berlin Correspondence. Berry, Sept. 7, 1859. Inutility of Ue Zurich Conference and Necessity of a Con- gress—Position and Hopes of the Pope—Political Hesita- tion of Prussia—Health of the King—A Military Trage- dy—Proposed Curtailment of Soldiers’ License. The prospects for a European Congress are decidedly improving. Itisno longer a secret that the conferces at Zurich have shown themselves quite unequal tothe task of settling the multifarious and complicated points at issue between the ex-belligerents. Up tothe present moment they have not even been able to dispose of such subordi- nate questions as the boundary line between Lombardy and Venetia, and the question of the national debt to be borne by the former. As to the constitution of an Italian union, the secularization of the Papal dominions, and the sovereignty of Tuscany and Modena—these diffleult and important topics have scarcely been alluded to, it boing tacitly admitte? by the assembled diplomatists that it would be impossible to @ome to an understanding upon them. In fact, the whole affair is at a dead lock. Austria insists upon her “pound of flesh,” the reinstate. ment of the scions of Hapsburg in their respective principalities, as stipulated in the convention of Villafranca. France replies that she has no objection to their Imperial Highnesses returning, if their quondam sub- jects are willing to ive them, but that not a word was mentioned in the said convention about their being re- stored by armed force; Sardinia protests most energeti- cally against it, and threatens to withdraw from the Con- ferences if any such proposal is brought forward; while the Pope raises his voice from the innermost recesses of the Vatican and asserts his right to govern the patrimony of St. Peter according to his own infallible judgment; and the King of Naples declines to,enter a confederacy in the formation of which he has not been consulted. Under these circumstances it appears clear that if the Conferences do lead to any result, it will be only as regards the union question, to which their labors have been hitherto restricted, and that it will be reserved. for a meeting of the great Powers to effect a settlement of stand in the way of a final pa- ly and willing to adopt this ex. pedient, whic lousiy advocated by Russia and a proved of by England, King Vietor referred to it in his answer to the Tuscan deputation; the opposigion of Austria, who hates the vei Congress, will probably be overcome by the intimation that, if she refuses to attend, the otier Powers Will bo under the necessity of proceeding with their deliberations wit tout the benefit of her assistance. The attitude of the Pris: government is marked with the same hesitation which has always characterized their policy, and which is increased in this instance, as it was curing the late war, by a difference in opinion bo- tween the Prince Regent and his official advisers. The Prince’s ideas on the subject of legitir and divine right are sufficiently notorious. He virtually regards the expulsion of the Dukes of Tuscany and Modena by their subjects as a flagrant infringement of these principles, and if it was in his power, Ihave no doubt he would be delighted to restore them by the strong hangl, as he did the Grand Duke of Baden in 1849. He could but feel, in- ceed, that in the present temper of the Earopean nations and governments such measures wonid no longer be tolerated, and that it would be worse than useless for him. to support a policy which cven Austria is obliged to re- lingnish; but this feeling does not render him less ay to Sanction a state of things so repugnant to his convie- tions or his prejudices. On the other hand, his ministers, and especially M. de Schieinitz, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, are of opinion that, considering that the peace ‘of Europe, in which Prussia is perhaps more deeply interested than any other country, depends upon the arrangement of the Italian question on a solid and permanent basis, it would be ad- visable for Prussia to lend her assistance in effecting such au arrangement, even at the risk of its not being in strict accordance with the principles of legitimate monarchy. ‘the removal of M. de Sehleinitz from office, which Tam in- formed will take place immodiately after the Prince's re- turn from Ostend, may certainly produce some change in the views of the Prussian Cabinet, his probable suc- cessor, M. de Bismark, being as distinguished for his con- servative and aristocratic notions as the present Minister is for his liberal tendency; but it must not be forgott that M. de Bismark, though a high tory, is violently op- posed to Austria, and a zentons partisan of the Rassian alliance. His predilection for the Court of St. Po! and his fe fore, to favor the project of a Congress which, emanates from the former and is eschewed by the latter, while his well known conservatiem would relieve the apprehensions that have been excited in the mind of the Princo Rogent by the heresies of M. de Schleinitz. On the whole it may ‘be confidently anticipated that, whether there is a change of ministry or not, Prussia will rather promote than ob- struct the mecting of a Congress; but the line of action she may follow in reference to’ the subjects discussed there, and more especially to that of the Halian duchies, depends upon personal influences and momentary impres” sions that baflle all political calculation, It is generally reported that if the Enropean Areopagus is convoked it willassemble at this capital, which of course would be an additional motive for the Prussian government to patro- nize it. ‘The King’s health ha Duiletins have been suspended, dered in immediate danger; completely battered titution, and all pre France is r ism cification. improved go far that the modical and he ig, no longer consi has but his last attack nS for tie Hebts of Charles Il; one-eighth of the publi revenue was annually sel gpart for the reigning family complicity with Austhia against Piedmont, ag a ‘a such are its titles, Tet us quietly await tho fi : of our Tegitimate w ‘These wishes perhaps may pear to some one to be injurious to the majesty of misfor- 8: but, if wv magnanimity and moderation we shall some claim to the f he hoped that 18 persons will feel how off Id he tor of the hinmnanity and generosity Let Lim wo compassigaates the es, a ¢ his ultimate recovery has vanishod. “He may ting some months, or even years, but his mind is quite gono, ho is nearly blind, and except as regards the mere animal functions of nature, he is as much a corpseas if ho were already deposited in the tomb of all the Hohenzollerna, No one is admitted to his pro , the mem of his family, or the roya throngh Berlin, such as the G: incess of Lenchtenborg, nit to expe ck of what was on wat learned and one of the tual, Dub at tiye sing wi into a quarrel suburbs, and commenced, of government became 80 nervot frat sly afraid motions that the military recoived strict appear in the streets without taken unawares by an onslaught of the ‘fie cracy.”” The dier gets into a dispute with, or imagines: ws his license is i Li by acivilian, he vooned: whet, ‘whi ox e a unoffens vel ich, w! exposes tants to hourly peril of life and limb, is Tae soldiers themselves, whom it converts from d their country into brutal and cowardly assassins, press has hitherto beon lly mute on this si ‘but the case just mentioned has now been taken u| newspaper called the Publicist, which states at the time that applications have been made to the higher. thories for rescindiug the order authorizing the soldiers to wear thir sidearms, there being no longer <7 foar “f mallest disturbance which Whe- i fail = & a revolution or of the not be quelled by the strong constabulary force. ther there will be any attention paid to these representa- tions, or whether things.are to remain ag they are, time will show; ii no improbable, however that the Prinoo cent will take this opportunity of making himself popa- is without the least inconvenience to himsolt or tho slightest shadow of danger to his government. “ur Brussels Correspondence, Brusseis, Sept. 8, 1859. Hesult of the Italian War—Continental Coalition—Prussia and Austria—The Catholic Powers—Dificult Position of Balgium—Rhine Provinces—Oologne a Free Oity—Eaten- sion of the Belgian Frontier—International Editorial As- sociotion—Direct Trade With the South—The New Cotton Bank—Lator Movement in England—Health of Antwerp. Allow me to notice the realization of some of the more important anticipations already made known by the en- terprise of the Hxratp in America touching European politics. Prussia and Austria are in deadly opposition. Austria is to obtain in the East a reward for her loss of territory in Italy. The Zurich meeting is in complete discord. England and Prussia are in alliance against France aud Austria, Russia being nettral. The éommercial league of Germany is extending, taking the Berlin decrees for a foundation. Here you have under the name of an alliance between Fugland and France that perfect continental coalition of force, of politics and of trade, which the First Napoleon aimed at. And this is the key to the late’ speech of the President of the French Senate, who las suddenly intro- duced the idea of a grand rivalry between England and France through the means of financial aud commercial combinations. ‘The position of Belgium now becomes most important, and her 7réle most difficult. It is well kxown that France desires to cement the good understanding with Austria without the fact of an actual al- Hance. Napoleon must hold to the Koglish alliance, but he must please Austria, and not too much dis- please Prussia. The King of Belgium is cousin to the Queen of England. His eldest son, the Duke of Brabant, is heir to the Belgian throne, and the Duke’s mother was a Bourbon. The Duchess of Brabant is the sister of the Emperor of Austria, The daughter of King Leopold is married.to the brother of Francis Joseph, and there is @ strong feeling abroad that the Count of Flanders (the youngest son of the King of Belgium) will be offered a throne in Italy as a compromise candidate. a, Bel- gium is under the protection of England by solemn troaty ftipulations, and her neutrality guaranteed by all the European Powers. Its geographical position, its liberal institutions, free press,free specch and popular form of administration, gives this kingdom a certain moral in- tiuence in Europe. ‘Bel is, in fact, what Bright is trying to make England, and only requires additional ter- ritory and population. Now, if you look at the map, you see that sooner or later Prussia will, of necessity, and as a measure of sound policy, retire within her ancient boundaries on the other side of the Rhine. Will France succeed to the renounced provinces? Not at all. Napoleon Kort to well with Austria, to preserve intact The Engl alliance , and to effect a compromise of the question of the Rhine provinces, now possessed by Prussia. To extend the Belgian frontier to the Rhine would do al this ; and mark my prediction, that if the European Congress meets, you will see this thing done with Cologne, possibly, as a ‘free city.” What would be the efféct of this disposition of the aisputed Rhine provinces? The first result would be to increase the importance’ of Belgium, and thus create a strong Catholic "hp inthe North of Europe. Austria would be delighted, And what could England say? Nothing! because Belgium is her trust. The only resist- ance would be from Prussia and Holland. If Napoleon succeeds in this policy, he of course increases the imy ance of France and the Catholic party. If he fails ho makes a firm friend of this country in every case, and transfers the Rhine question from France to Belgium. ‘These provinces are in facta part of Belgium already, in their castes, habits, Janguage and interests, excepting Go-* logne, which could be declared a “free city” with certain navigation rights to the+ sea through Holland. And certainly the advantage Prussia would gain by heading “ United Germany” would fully compensate for the restoration of territory which she does not want, and which has no geographical or other natural connection with her. These provinces are to Prussia colo- nies beyond the Rhinc, which she cannot Keep, and only Serve to produce weakness. Prussia’s interest is in Ger- man unity, through a compact and natural combination of the pure German races. To suppose that a general European Congress would con- fine itself to the Italian question issimply absurd. A recon. struction of the map of Europe is inevitable, and out of this reconstruction the Catholic Powers of Austria, France, Sardinia and Spain will produce another first ‘class Ca- tholic Power in Northen Europe, by extending Belgium tothe Rhine. Russia i#eareless on this subject. England is already neutralized as between the corlicting interesta of Prussia and Belgium, -and Holland can offer but a feeble resistance. Hence you see the interest of France and of the Papacy is to thus settle the Rhine question, backed by the votes of Austria, Sardinia and Spain. Beigium would not, of course, refuse the gift. If the talked of interview between the King of Belgium and Napoleon meant anything, it meant this. their policy, and where these lead they follow. ‘The direct trade movement to which Thaw so often alluded is settling down intoa regular business like form. ‘The Cologne interest is extending itself into the interior, and asthe actual measures of this league will soon be practically known in the cotton States, it is useless to an- ticipate them. The Cotton Bank is naturally proceeding very slowly and cautionsly in its organiza- tion. A great deal will depend upon’ the planters themselves; and the Commissioner or agent sent out by the European parties to investigate the nature of plantation securities must make his report before any step will be taken. If the conditions are sustained & “trial” bank will be established, and the operations of this trial bank for two or three years form the data upon. which will be beogores @ mammoth combination em- bracing the cotton planting intorest of America. There has just been concluded here an American onter- prise which must possess a ‘ial interest to the jour- nalists of the United States. It is an International Corres- pondence Bureau at Brussels. The object of this correspondence committee is purely a commercial corres- pondence, and to transmit news between the leading Papers in America and the continent of Europe. It em- braces already several of the first writers here, and is patronized by the leading journals, This organization supplies a great want. If the measure is woll received in the United States, the chairman in- forms me that it will lead to an international editorial association or club. This is another tri- bute to the power of the press, and recognizes the advancing rank and consideration of the editorial profes- sion. If the editors of the United States and those of Con- tinental Europe combine thus together, America will have @ new form of diplomacy. I suggest to some progressive tember of Congress to notice this association as one which. will do away with the necessity of the presont expensive diplomatic system. I trust I am not anticipating the generous suggestions of your London correspondent in regard to the struggle now going on in England between capital and labor. ‘Tho ‘Hexavp has led many popular movements, and I feel sure that if you take the part of the workingmen of England in their great “strike” that it will give immense moral sup- port to their movement. This moyement in England is, in fact, true to the democratic instinct upon which the greatness of the United States rests. We cannot bo insensible to the claims of the people, wherever they. may be, against the oppressive social and political sys- tems of monarchial Europe. There has becu a report in circulation that tho cholera Was raging in Antwerp, Knowing the interest which must be felt on your side for the Amorican crews in. that port, I made a journey to Antwerp to satisfy myself by Personal observation in regard to the matter. I can as- Sure you that the health of the city is perfectly good, The cholera does not exist, the total deaths from all causes bemg only thirty or forty per week out of a population of 120,00 oF 180,000 souls. Robbery of an American Lady in Harré. {From Galignani’s Messenger, Sept. 14. A robbery to a considerable amount was perpetrated three days ‘ago at the Hotel de Enrope, at Havre, to tho prejudice of an American lady, Mrs. Wright, who, with two children, had arrived a few days before from New York by tho Vanderbilt. Just as sho was on tho Jeaving America, a nogress who was in hor sor: vice reflised to embark, and the Jady was compelled to replacg her by & young widow, named Scheie, During The interest and personal motives of nations fix _ *