The New York Herald Newspaper, July 23, 1859, Page 2

THE BIBLE QUESTION. wee ts History—The Action of the Bonrd of Education, MINORITY REPORT TO THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. ‘The minority of the Committee on By-Laws, Rules and Regulations deem it due to themselves, to those who concur with them in sentiment, and to the great cause of | public education, to present the roasons which con- strained them to oppose the by-laws compelling the read- Ing of the Bible mo all the public schools, reported by that committee, and adopted by the Board of Exucation at its | Meeting on the 16th of June last. Our existing sovool Bystem originated in the complaints, whether well or ill founded, of a portion of the community, that the pablic ducation of this city, which was then under the exclusive | charge and control of the Public School Society (a body | vested with the expenditure of the public money, al- though, in all its essential features, a close corporation), | ‘was £0 conducted as to operate injuriously to their religious views, In consequence of these complaints a law was passed on the 11th of April, 1842, ontitled, ‘An Act to ex- fend to the City and County of New York the provisions Of the general act in relation to Common Schools,’’ boing the law operative in the rest of the State, It was provided by tho said act of 1842, as fol- lows:—"‘ No school above mevtioned (being the schools then existing) or which shall be orga nized under this act, in which any religious sectarian doctrine or tenet shall be taught, inculcated or practised, shall receive any portion of the school moneys to be distributed by this act:”’ and it was made tho dmy of the school officers in each ward (aad of the Deputy Sa- perintendent), ‘as frequently as need be, to exam‘ne and ascertain, and report to the said Board of Education, whe- ‘ther any religious sectarian doctrine or tenct shall have been taught, incaleated or practised fp any of the schools in their reepective wards.’ No provision whatever was included ia the law of 1842 in reference to the use of the Bible in any of the schools omission was in sccor- dance wita the policy of tue school syetem of the State estabilghed in 1813, wbich It was the deciared object of the law of 1842 to exiena to the city; and wich le(t tne reading of the Bible with'n the discretion of those charged with the management of each school, without aoy attempt to control the matter by general directions The estabiisbrent of scbovis ia January, 1843, under the Jaw of 1642, was (allowed by complaints that portions of some of the books used in them were ot a sec- tariac roligious churacter; a: to these were aided com- plainis that the Protestant Bioie, which was used in € portion of the schoolr, was also sec'arian eee com plaints were fuly invest gated by a Committee of the Board of Education, and after the presentation of its report (February 20, i842), a eeries of rerolations, with & pieambie, were gubmitied or stoption by the Hon. Joba Slosson, now of tbe Toese resolutions were Ot great imporluice, because they sett'ei the rela- tion which our sysiem cr p vas to bear to the existing reigious org ine preamole, and the @rst, Second and fourth resolutions were adopted Without opposition, ant the third resoiation by a vote of 24108. The first reeotution deciared tha! the ure of any book, containing in any form of compostiion aay dis tinctive coctrine of, or any matter whatever apecially favorable to, avy one cecominstion of nominal Christtaas, Or aby Bort of Condemuatioa of any other denemination, tion of the probibition against “teaching or 2? any “eecturian doctrine or tones” The fecond resolution deciared th deer vance of any “religiouz custom, either of w: lar to apy one denomination,” was to “practising a eectarian do.trine or teaet meaning of the law. The third resolution was as follows:— ‘That, in the opinion 0” tura Board the use of the Holy Soriptures, witkout note or comment, in all or any of the schoc!s embraced within Faid act, 18 not probibited there by; on the contrary, this Board ¢o recommend the use of the same in al! of Faia schools. The fourth resolution merely declined to discriminate between the different versions of the Bible. Tne effect Of these resolutions was to prohibit apy book inculcating the distinctive doctrine of any one denomination whatever, but to allow the use of those waich coniaiced mattor, though of & religious couracter, in which Christians gene- rally concurred, and to ceciare that the Bible, of what- ever version, Was not sectarian; ieaving eaca and every book within the rule thus eatab.ished to be used or not as might be determined by the trustees of tre respective wards, This hes been the basis, eo far asthe scdject of religion is concerned, upon which our school syetem has rested from that dey until the last meeting of this Boara; and it ig the only one that can be adopted which, while it ‘will be harmonizing in ite operation, @ill accord with our character ag a Christian people, irreapective of the coa- fiicting organizations into which Christians are uufortu- nately divided. The Legislature in session at that time, passed (April 18, 1843) an act amending tne school law in several partis | the part of the undersigned of their intention to do so, at lars, one of which extended the prohibition against secta- rianism to the use of “any book or books containing sec- tarian compositions.” In July following, the Trustees of the Fourth ward preeented a repori to the Board of Edaca tion, getting forth that certain portions of some of the books used in the schools were objected to by the Jews, certain portions by the Univerealists, and that the Romad Catholics objected to ihe use of ‘ the Protestant vereion of the Bibie,”” and requesting the action of the Board of Etu- cation in the matter. Toc document was referred toa committee, who presented a report upoa the subject, a companied by two resolutions, These were adopted on the Sth day of November, 1843; the tirst, which declared that there were “no well founded objections to the books complained of,” by a yore of 21 to 6; and the second, which declared that the Bible, without note or comment, was not “sectarian” within the meaning of the law, and that its use ‘was not intended to be prohibited” tuereby, by a vote of 20to 7, The resolutios of the previous yoar in respect to the versions of the Bible was also readopted, The Legisiature of 1814 passed a new schoo! law, in which the provisions in respect to sectarian inetruction and the use of the Bible in the schools were, with a few merely verbal exceptions, precisely the same as in the pre- sent law, which latter was passed in 1861, and will bo subsequently considered. On the 13th of November, 1844, the County Superintendent having reported to the Board of Education that the reading of the Bible in some of tha ward schools was prohibited by the ward officers, on the ground that the same would be “religious sectarian in. struction,’ within the meaning of the law, the Board adopted a retolution declaring that ‘the bible, withoat note or comment, is nota sectarian book, and that the reading a portion thercof ut the opening of the schoo! was ‘not a violation of the law.’’ On the 18th of December, 1844, an attempt was made ‘te pass resolutions deciaring tbat the omission t> use the Bib. in any school was a violation of the achool law, and would ‘preclude any school or schools eo of'anding from Participsticg in or being entitled to any portion of the school moneys;”’ but the resolutions were laid upon the table by a vote of 20 to 14. A similar attempt was made on the 7th of January, 1845, but the resolutions were referred to the Commities on Amendment of the School Law. When their report Was pregented it was amended 50 a8 to propose a modifi- cation of the law of 1844, whereby the Board of Education shouid have the power to decide what books should ba used or read in the echoois, put should not have power to omit the Bible from such list, though it might authorize an omission to read the Bibie in any school upon the ap- plication of the echool officers of the ward. There wag also a further proviso tbat the schoo! officers of the ward should in all cases determine what version of the Bible should be uted, and the manner and extent of using or Teasing the same, The amendmenw to tue law progosed by the Board of Education were not adopted by the Legis. lature, and the matter remained without further agitation from the year 1846 otil last year: the provisions of the Jaw of 156), adopted meanwhiie, being as above stated substantially a re enactinent of the law of 1844. During wl! thin time peace aud harmony prevailed and the schools advanced in their meosgement and character and in the benefits they were covferring upoa rosiety, ia amanper end to sn extent most gratifying to all whose hearts expand with (he indications of iccreasiog good to our race. The wise and Jiveral adjustment of the subject of reli- gious instruction, mace by the fathers of our school ays NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, JULY 23, 1859. ; Blarlatr, Fweed, Ly“ecker, Binom@eld, Haines, Ciderntceee Gee Vio weskaen, Willuae Be Brum: me |, Green, Benedict, Hastett, adams, Cus ‘Moa. teith, Davenport, Kanney, © Kewle, Marriner 2). Nois—BMesars. Coger, Byrne—2, This action, however, just and beneficent as it was, was | not satisfactory to tbe friends of agitation; aud the sub. | ject was again before tho Board sevoral times during te | ‘year, without the obtlaing of any result, On the 11th of May, in the present year, the agitation was renewed by @ resolution at a special moeting of tho Board, directing the Comm.ttee on By Laws, Rules and Regulations, to report a by law on the subject, The wajorty of that committee, without any knowledge oa ‘a epecial meeting of the Board, called witbout notice that buewess of such importance would be submitted, presented several amendments to the cxiating by-law intended to compe! ‘all the public schools of thi city, under the jurisdiction of the Board of Education be opened by the reading of a portion of tho Holy Scrip- tures, without note or comment,’ under the penalty of a forfeiture of the situations of the teachers in case of a violation of the by-laws. No reason was presented for the adoption of these new by laws, nor attempt made to show any authority in the Board to enact then, or to point out either their riety or necessity. An effort was made to pass forthwith the by laws presen‘ed in this nakea manner for the consideration of the Board, but those op- posed to their adoption finally succeeded in laying them over until the next meeting, At that meeting, ir re- fusing by a majority of one to allow the matter to be post- poned, in order that the undersigned, who had not beon present at the previous meoting, might present their views to @ minority report, the Parga amendments wore forced through the Board it aay Opportunity beit Permitted for their discussion or amendment, and without any attempt being made to vindicate them or to demon- strate that the Board had any power to them. Under these circumstances it is purely a matter of con- Jectare upon what basis, other than that of an arbitrary ‘will, those whose who have adopted these amendments reat their action. That it is not upon any direct authority of law will be clearly ecen by the section of tho existing statute (1851) upon the subject, which ia as follows:— Bec. 18. No school sball be entitled to or receive any portion of e0y. particular Cholafan or olher* religious seet auult be articnlar Christian or other re Mosh Sethi arta ot at Stoke sit ible or prejudicial to the partion containing compositions favoral et elaine or, mer lar dow ‘tenets of ai rtiewar fur eck rt. whlch sual leach ike docirnee of lenele of 7 g' ‘Otber religious sect, or which sball refuse to permit th and examinations provides for ta thia act, But nothing bereia contained shat! sutuorize the Soard of Educatton to excinde the Holy Seriptuces without note or comment, or spy selections theretrom, from any of the ecboola pravided for by thie but Ji aball not be competent for the eaid soard of Kducation to decide what version. if any, of the Holy Scriptures, without note or comment shall be tiged in aay of the schools: Provid- ed, that nothing ja containe! shall be so construed as to Violate the rigdte of conscience, ag secured by the constitution of this State and of the Untied btates. It will be observed that the direct provisions of tais sec- tiou are mereiy probibitory, and contain no grant of power toany peréon or any body; ana that the qualification a3 wo the power of the Board of Education |s eutirely reatric- live, Its pot authorized by this section to do apything; and so careful was the Legielature that the reairiction sgainat deciding what verston of the Holy Scriptures should be used should pot be construed as implying a warrant to compel the reading of the Bible without specifying the vergion, that the words “if any’ wore inserted, mani festly for the purpoae of preciuding all doubt upoa the eunject. The acction, in this respect, cannot possibly be coastrned to mean otherwise than that it sbail no; ba competent for toe Board of Eduomion to decide if any version of tho Poly Scriptures, without note or comment, sha!! be used in any of the schools. This would seem to be sufficient. What man, not car- ried either by bigotry, fanaticiem or partisanship, beyoad the bounds of reason, would seek to tind, notwithataading & prohibition so explicit, sn authority for the exercise of this power in the forced aud inferential construction of o‘ber sections? And yetthis is the desparate rezort of those who have passed these amendments. Is the authority to be found in the power to enact by- laws? That power is given in the following terms:—‘To make rules of or¢er and by-laws for the government of the Board, ita members and committees, and gene- ral regulations, to secure proper economy and acsounta- bility im the expenditure of the school moneys.’ Reaving the Bibie in the schools hag certainly nothing todo with “the goverament of ihe Board, its mombers or committees,” or with ‘economy aud accountability ia the experditure’’ of moneys; and the legisiative power of the Board does not exteud beyond theze limits, But tt is understood that the advocates of compulsion hedge themgelves behind the authority to the trustees of the respective wards “under such general rules and regulations ag the Board of E'lncatioa may adopt, to con tract with and employ teachers and janilors in the said schools und conduct and nianage the same, and furnish all needful supplies therefor."’ fbis provision manifestly refers to the business and ecovomical erraogemects for the schools, and not to their manegement in respect to tuition and discipline; but taking it in the broadest sense that the widest construction could devise, bow ineufficient ig it to convey the power of compulsion in the face of the direct enactment that, “it shail not be competent” for the Board of Education to decide, “if any version of the Bible shail be usea.’” Besides, avother sections of the law expressly declares, without apy qualificutica whatever, that all euch schools shell be under the eupervision and government of the Commissioners, Inspectors and Trustees of the ward in which they are located. Aga p, the executive ollicer of the Board of Education is the City Superintendent 0/ Schools. The scoool Iaw says that it shalt be his duty ‘to advise aud counsel with the trustees, in relation to their duties, the proper studies, dieciplineand conduct of the schoo's, the couree of instruc: uon to be pureued, aud the books of elomentary instruc. tion to bo used therein; nod to examine, ascertain and re- pert to the Board of Eaucation, whether the provisions of this act in reiation to re jgious sectarian teaching and books, have been violated in any of the schools ’’ It will be observed that, except to examine and report as to certain matters, biz guties in :egard to the schools are only ad- vigory, and advieory only witn the trustees; and that, | aitbough he is required to report to the Board of Fdaca’ tion in reepect to “religions sectarian teaching,” it 1s not made bis duty to report whetaer the Bible is read or not. Theee provisions cf the Jaw, covering the whol sabject, g' and all copsistent with each other, leave no doubt that tha law does not, and wag no: intended to give the Board of Eduestion any power whatever upon the subject of the uge of the Bible in the schools. If this was not satisfac. tory to the advocates of compulsion, as they began their | ogitation last year, they should have sought to change the | law, 8 they threatened to do in the discussions last year at the recent seszion of the Legislature. As this was not Cone, it must be taken as acoucession, either that such an etlort could not have euccceted, or that the matter was cesignedly kept open for the unworthy purposes of agi- tation. The pazeage of the by-laws compelling its reading was ®D act as Wacton and intrusive: ea it was unauthorized, The Bible was bemg read daily tn all the public achooia in the city, except ia the Fourth, Sixth, and a portion of the Fourteenth wards; and the schoola in these three wards are attended by less than one teuth of the children going to the public achools. In tues three wards it has never been read, as a regular exercise, in avy of the ward schools; ard the ouly change iu regard to iis use which ‘bas been made, {rom the passage of the law of 1842 to the present time, is, that since tre Public School Society has ceaged to exi+t, and its achools | become ward schools, ia a part of those schools located im these wards the daily reading of the Bible has been discontinued. In ail of the wards represented by the | Commissioners who yoied for the by-lawa compelling its , the Bible was daily read in every school, and their constituents hed therefore no cause of complaint. The Commissioners from the other three wards all voted agaings the by-laws, and itis therefore to be presumad that their cons:ituents did not desire a change. New school officers were chogen at the last tion, Dut no ge- rious effort was inade in either of these turee wards to elect men wko would change their established policy, ror has any attempt been made in the local boards uf entber ward to make euch change, nor, 80 far ag has been mace public, has a single voice been Taised in either of these wards to ask that the B.ble sho be read in their schoois. It must, therefore, be considered as a positive fact that the policy adopted in these wards is satistac- tory to the people who live there; and if there be apy who desire that their children should be geat to cebools where the Bible is read, such schools, to wh their children would be welcome, exist with!o half a mile of any house in ei her ward. The passage of the by lawa was therefore clearly an act of aggreze'on, springing from tem fn tts wfancy, as above shown, resultes, as was moa} hatural, in an increasing bold upon the minds of the pupils, and increasing manik ops in their coaauct of those great principies and rules of which the Bible is the only foundation. This result will more fully appear by the foi- lowing extract from the report of the City Superintendent, who is, bimsel!, earnestiy in favor of the reading of tue Bible in ail our public ectivols:— In all ovr public echools and departments, Sind ipconsiderable exceptions, the services of each day 1-8 commenced bs the readir g of selections fiom the gible, by the privcipal or some one of tne schooi ollicers, followed’ bs tna eolemn end reverent repetition of the 1ord’s Pra. er by all tha pupils und teachers tu concert, and by the alnging of ove or more appropriate hymns of Curistian thannegiving and praies In many of them theee devotional exercises are repeated at the close of the sohool. in all of them, without eolitary ex ception, at frequent and appropriste intervals da)ing the day, songs, imbued with the purest principles of Christiaa inorality, form & portion of the course of Instruction, and wre purticip sted fo by al) the pupils, Inallof them, without asolilary excep tion, lessons and precepts of virtue and Christian conduct ‘are ‘daily inculcated fe teachers, sebool officers, super- with very few ees. honesty and integrity, undevisting truthfulness, nese, sincerity, mutual affection and regard, obedience and Bae aga paced ni the conscientious aad unitorm ob- the requisitions of a pure Ubristiaa morality t and example. In allot them the daily ‘school rectly and powerfally ion of habits of order, industry, obedience, wana, the rights berpetas quietude, neainess. punctuality, fidelity honor, truth, uprightness, deference to and ennveatenses of others, and to the aesiduous ciilture of the highest and noblest prineipies of action and conduct in all the Varied relatons of life bie is the character of the teachings of cur public schools; these are the ugeucies and iostrumen ialitiee in daily operation withia thelr walls; and 20 iaflusnces at variance with these are permitted, under aay pretence, to fod Wiccan OF gain & footing amoug them. Neitner the uilad ‘Dor the heart of the ebili, most rel'gtonsiy and sornpulouely trained ard disciplined th the domestic circle or the ssactuary church, ia exposed to the slightest contamination by the instructions or discipline of the schoo}; while on the orber band, every leesoa of pure Jhristisn morslity or ethics communicated iz either of the former is stravgthened and confirmed by the pervading instruction and influ nce of the On the 5th day of May, 1858, however, an attempt was made to agitate this subject which had to rested for thir- teen years, with such gratifying results to the lovers of the precepis of the Bible—an atterapt wae invite to agitate the subject by the introduction of a resolution into the of Education, aseuming to direct that the Bible should be read in all the schools. This resolution was laid on the table, The first regular mocting in Jane, however, was given exclusively to this su>ject, and re. @ulted in the adoption of the following preamble and resolution, in accordance with the action of every previous Board of ‘Education which had passed upon the sunject, ‘Whereas, it is due to the healthful moral training of th: gurls. as swell se to our position as a Ubristic people, that ‘Rote or comment, be read al the opening of this Board most cordially recommenda to the of acb:ol of that this practic yam ms r primary echools in tais their, respect! TES eaapen ta marion nr the above was as fol. a desire on the part of those whe are in ‘the full enjoy. ment of their own rights of opiaion and conscience to force their views and practices upon others It may be Goubted, however, if the wards opposed to the use of the Bible in the schools were ina majority, and should pass by-laws prohibiting its use, whether those nom 60 ready to exercige arbitrary power would religh it ao well. Heferezce has occasionally been made to an alleged Prevalence of crime and a need for the oxteosion of edu- Cation in the three wards. Those, however, who advo- cate compulsion have uot yet showa how education will be extended by the adoption of by laws repugnant to the people of any locality, and which, 1! they were en- forced, would cause them to keep their children from ths tchoots. If those eo eager for a cruaade in bebaif of the Bible wil! examine its pages, they may possibly imbibo the spirit of the Apostle to the Gentiles, who declares tuat he became ‘to them that are without law as without Jaw,”’ that he “might gain them that are without law.” Toe uncersizaed, in opposing the adoption of these by- Jawe, feel that they have taken the course required by duty to their own conttituents, and not one merely of Liberality or justice to others, The prosperous sc'299! eye tem of our city is invaluable to those they represent — { has flourished and expanded during a long period of praca | and quietners, Who can tell if this attempt to overture: » the policy of the past, resulta in a contest imbued with tno Wiolence and bitternees of eectarian strife, in watch | bigotry and prejudice will be conetantly at work, that the school systern will eurvive t” How much wiser, especial- iy when no one compiains, would it be to enjoy the good We have without placing it in peril. If there were no other cbjections to the by-laws, the sbamefal wrovg and injustice of their details, ro far as these can be ascertained from their bungling languege, would be gofficient. They say that “all the public echoola of thie city’”” “shall be opened by the reading of a portion of the Holy Scriptures without note or comment.” This Tay be assumed to mean oprned daily, but it does not say #0; and it 1s somewhat singular that the by-law ts to take effect at the opening of the schools after tue summer va- | cation. It may also be assumed that the reading 1s to be by the teachers, though the by-law does not say so, The by jaw farther provides that “it shall be the duty of the principal of each department of the schools” to report 10 the Board of Education ‘any violation of this by law,” and that ‘‘the situation of a teacher shall be forfeited by a wilfal violation,” and ‘‘no such teacher shall thereatter be employed in any echoo! untess the forfeiture is remit. ted’? by the Board of Education; and farther, that ‘no payment shall be made to a teacher in whose case the provisions of this by-law have not been complied with.” The effect of this magnanimous arrangement is that, in case the teacher reads the Bible, as is required by tho by- law, but probibited by the local board, the trusteca, who have the undoubted and uncontrolled power to remove ind appoint, wil exercise that ai if, on the other Base, ‘he teacher does not o! ude Taw, the Lond of lucation, which happens to Paymaster, with an exquisite appreciation of the benevolent spirit of the Gospel, and a chivalrous devotion to ita own ideas of jus- tice, says obey or starve. Thus the teachers, most of them ladies, must inevitably be crushed between the Upper and pether mill stones, And that no chance tor fo wR Ares - Meese. Timpson, | ecompte Coster, Shine, Frag cpprereion mgut he wanting, the teacher thas guilty of * Ue offetice of cteobedience cauact go into another ward | and natcraily awakens much fecling. Mr. E, and be employed, although the Bible is read in such ward ‘end ebe is willing to read it. Thus the Board of Education, to punish a teacher for an act over which she has nocontrol, takes away at once her pay, bor place and her profession, compelling her to gain, if ahe can, a livelihood by some new pureuit, $ If the opposition in the three wards to the use of the Bible proceeded from hostility to its principles, all the objecta of euch hostility could be accomplished by an evasion of the by-law rather than by resistance to it. The local board could direct that one of the genealegical chapters sbould be repeated daily, or all of them be read in succession; the effect of which reitera- tion would be to eplaaht in coy eal rata @ strong disrelish for the ‘The naderenes do not i it rn reneged Lered se will 10] ; anti as the Teast of vils wl can result from the ado of the by-laws, a long course of litigation, in ite various shapes, which will be crueily teachers, and inevitably injurious to the school system. Although these evils have scouted by the majority, and not always in a brotherly spirit towards those who will suffer by them, the undersigned believe they will be eerious and deplorable. The undersigned, while they are thus decided in their ry ition to the policy » are lao earnestly in favor of the pond reading of the Bible in our schools. They realize fully the inestimable value of that sacred book in its influence upon the formations of character, in ita guidance of our daily life and conduct, and in the lon which it affords to all who accept it for the eternity beyond the grave. In their own wards, where their advocacy of the policy of the daily reading of the Bible is proper and availatfe, they havo uniformly expressed these sentiments, and it is gratify ing to them that the Bible is and bas been read daily in every echool in their respective wards from the orgs)zation of each school to the present time. Yet they do vot deem it necessary or proper to seek occasion for the reiteration of thege sentiments: much lees do they be. lieve that that sacred book should be used as a shibboleth by a political or any other secular interest. When religious matters are degraded from their bie and holy sphere to uses (f partisacsbip of apy kind, it is too oftea found that those who are loudest in their profeesed advocacy are not always, either in their language or conduct, the most gen sistent with relig'ous purity cr priccipie. " Without imputing any auch dedclency to their cole Mes in the Board who have suppoited these by-laws, - dersigved bave failed to obeerve Ferran > iu the present agitation denoting a higher purpose than they have above indicated; on the contrary, it seems to them to be clearly imbued with the unwortby spirit of pereonal and political enda, ratber than with the peaceful and benevolent spirit of the Gospel of Christ. While the undersigued have argued that the Board pos- Beetes DO power to adopt the compuisory by-laws, it is due to themecivcs to deciere thai tuey would be averse to the po'icy of compulsion, even if the power to adopt it was undoubted. Lbey are entirely convinced of the wisdom and expediency of the ruie which leaves this matter to the action of each locaiity. There is no subject whatever, botwiibstancipg the geatleness and moderation of its own privcipies and toe brovberly love and charity which it in- cu , upon which mankind feel 60 keenly, or often manifest eo much asperity, ss upon that of’ religion It works its way onward, not by reason of the occasional intolerance and vicleace of its advocates, but by its inherent beauty, wisdom and power. Tooy do not believe that a gincere convert has ever been made to apy religious doctriue by outward compulsiou, whether ecclesiestical, military or political. It not probable sbat any preater success will attend an attempt to force the daily reading of the Bible upon the people of aay locality, whstever may be the motives toat prompt their opprerition to i jut that on the contrary the attempt ia hikely to arouse a more determined resistance. In conciveiou, because the Board baz no authority what- ever to pare these by laws; because they uproot the wise and devebcent policy consistently pursued during the whole continvance of the existing school system: because there is po vecresity for their adoption; because they are herb, upjust and oppressive in their provisions; because they proceed upon a basis of violence and force ho to the very spirit of the Bible itself: and because there is imminext danger tuat they wili subatitute for a state of prosperity and peace the issues of strife and destruction— the undersigned were and are opposed to their adoption, and they believe that such opposition will commend itself not_ only to every friend of the principles upon which our civil inetitutions are baged, but also to those who prizs and vencrate the precious and immutable principles of the Christan faith. Ail of which is respectfully submitted. NELSON J. WATERBURY, WILLIAM E. CURTIS. w York, July 6, 1859, Seizure of Ship Atlantic a Slaver. BER APPEARANCE AND OUTFIT—MOVSMENTS OF CAPTAIN RYNDERS—INFORMATION AGAINST A NEW YORK EOUSE. [From the New Bedford Evening Standard, July 21.] ‘The ship Atlantic, which bas been fitting ‘at this port since her arrival here on the 30th of June, for a pretended whaling voysge, but which bags been suspected of not belog exactly in that line of businest, was this morning taken in charge by United Sates officers, upon informa: tion loéged in the United States District Court in Boston, by parties residing in New York. The process was placed in the bande of Deputy Marshal Freeman, Jr., who has the matter in chafgo. The Atlantic, which haz been in the stream for several days, fipighing loading and taking in water, cieared yes- tercay for the Indian Ocean, wag towed to the lower har- bor yesterday afternoon, and was to proceed to sea this MOTI log, buvivg waited, it bas been said, for some pazeengers who were bouud to Fayal, where tbe ship was to touch. Her cilicers and crew wore all on board. Bat this morning an officer wa placed cn board from the United States revenue cutter Campbell, which came round from Newport, she baving been in this vicinity for seve. ral days. ship of 699 tons, was built in 1836, and a Suspected R The Atlantic fs is owned by ber commander, Captain Francia J. Silva, a Portuguese, but a naturalized civvzen of the Vaited States, having purchased her of Caplain J. 3. C. Macie!, master | ond owner of the ship Comoro, brought to this port from Boston, and now fitting for ‘a whallng voyage. Tha Atlant.c was formerjy a whalor {from New London, but haz jatcly been ergeged in the mercbsut service out of New York. Captain Silva was formerly master of ship Gov. Troup, of this port. We understand ipauicestien have been on the look out for the past ter ys and in constant communication with tbe authorities elsewhere, and that the seizure is madeJnot wholly on accovat of the mavner of outfit, &c., but upsa circumstances not known to the public, The ehip is of a larger burthen than vessels gen- erally employed in the whaling service, and cleared with but twenty-three men, while sbe was supplied with seyen whale boats;'the deficiency in men, however, could be supplied at the Western Island She bas no first of , Which might be algo sqy plied in the eamo way. The second officer, we are told, was ehipped with the understanding that he was to be the third when ateea. There are but three try pots on board, and one cf these is cracked. She ‘ig not coppered in the usual manner of whalers, being coppered on the ekiv, whereas they are coppered on athestbing, and besides she is only coppered low down, and as she now lies the metal is two feet under water. This slzo may have been done as a matter of eco- nomy. ‘The lower hold is said to be stowed with casks full of freen water, wheroas whalers generally {ill tne casks in the lower bold with salt water, The Atlantic bad on board 1,200 bushels of corn to be Gispored of at Fayal, and provisions shipped by Porta- gucee to their friends residing at the islands, and a very large 1 for whalers expected to touch at the islands. She bad nineen Portuguese paseengers engeged. Toe affair bas created a great excitement in this city today. Our yeporter bas just returned from a visit to the ship and the cutter, which now lie in tne atream. He. gleaned the following sdditicnal totelligence:—Information con. cerning both the Atisntic and Comoro has been in the posseseion of Marshal Ryadera, of the Southera District ot New York. Ho was informed that the sum of $20,000 had been fent from a house in Havana to the house of Amedes, Ambreges & Co , of Pearl street, New York, for the purchase of two ebips for the slave trade. Martha! Ryndera desperched Deputy Marshal Lorenzo De Angelis, who aiscovered the purchase of the ships Atiantic and Comoro, and has been watching their outtit Atedes bas bern ia New Bedford, it is presumed, as he was on board the Fail river boat on Saturday vigut. Mr. De Angelis joined the cutter Campbell on Tueeday night, aud get ail Yo intercept the versela. Had the cutter been fully manned, sha wae to have taken the Atlantic, and then lay off for tho Comoro, but | as it was they were obiiged to take the Atlantic this mornig, and Lieutenant R JI, Travers was put in charge Oi ber. The Atlantic will have to be discharged in order to search her, and this will be done at once, Svrciwes or Weantuy Mex—A Wofcester (More.) corresoondent of the Boston Atlas, under date of July 19, writes es follows:—The repeated suicides of Wealthy and well known citizens of this city aud vicinity within @ week, is the sabject of uniyereal conversation, H. Hem- menway, wh 1 himeelf last Friday, at the residence yr. Workman, was the possessor of property to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars, | and was unmarried. He was President of the People’s | Mutual Ineurance Company, but on the Monday previous to bis death had resigned the office, but at the time of his death the resignation had not been pted. He had aleo, until recently, discharged the duties of treasurer of | thateompany. A few weeke ago Mr. Colton, the Quaker bursery man, was chosen treasurer, and it is rumored that ‘action of the company had s9 worked upon the mind of the extressurer that he continually fan- cied that some persons were endeavoring to ruin him, It waa undoubtedly under the effect of such {cor that he put an end to his life, In 1851 he madea will, giving to Mra. Workman, his only sister, one- haif the Lincoln Hougo estate togetber with $6,000 to clear \* of its iocumbrance; $4,000 to each of the children of Dr. Workman; $4,000 toa niece, the wife of a Providence cathier, the residue of his estate to be equally divided be- tween dirs. Workman and the nicco aforesaid. This loga cy will give them nearly $50,900 apiece. Yesterday morn: ing the evicide of Mr. John Smith, of Barre, followed close upon the burial of Mr. Hemmenway, Mr. Smith wasa well known cit'zen, of great wealth, and for the last year bnd resided most of the time in this city, boarding at one cfour hotels. He has been au extenaive manafacturer, ‘nd was well known in all the business circles of New Fogiand, Beinga man of remarkable good nature and . Dumor, ready at all times to give and take 9 joke, never appearing melancholy, but alwaya cheerful and happy, eurrounder by all that tence to make life haj py, the pews of his death, by his own hands, tell with doub! force upon bie numerous friends and associates. He en © fortune of from two to three hundred thousand and a wife andtwo sous, ie was sixty-four years es Fara Accipgnt.—A sad and fatal accident hap- pened Inte last night at the St. Charies Hotel. A young an from New York, Mr. H. A. Gillette, suffering the excessive hoat felt tn doors, went out on the portico to enjoy the cool of the night. He fell asleep, and probably under the e‘fects of somnambulism, or of a half copacious sleep, he got up and attem to reach bis room, mistook his way and fell over the fron railipy into the street below. He was picked up insensibie aot drencfully tjured, and was conveyed to the hospital, where ke died soon after his arrival. Mr, Gillette was a retpectable young merchant, We underatand that he ent of Meeara. Bcliley, Fake & Co. of New July and the a Our Trenton Correspondence, ‘Tranton, N. J., July 16, 1869, A Visit to the Country—A Day in Pennsylvania—A Ride into Bucks County— What I Saw and Heard—Bedouin, the Arab Stallion— Caliph, Another—The Bashaws—Some- thing About Grand Bashaw—Where he Died and Who then Owned Him— Where he was Bred— His Certificate of Sale—The Great Indian Walk of 110 Miles in 1733—4 Visit to Lightning, the Bashaw—Harpooning Sturgeon and Catching Rockfish and Shad in the Delaware, dc. An idle hour, after a sojourn of a few days in this beau- tiful city of Revolutionary memory, has afforded me lei- sure to note down several items of news, which, though not particularly interesting to the general reader, may yet be found of value to horsemen and breeders—vape- cially to those who, like me, concede that the Hznatp has done more to disseminate correct ideas on the subject of breeding trotting stock than avy sporting journal in the country, An entire change seems to have talon placo in public sentiment as regards breeding within a yoar or two; and it is my impression that a period is fast approaching when we ebal! have trotting horses far more elegant in appearance, and with still greater speed and ease of mo- tion, than at apy former era in the bistory of the horse in this country. The high prices paid for elegant first class trotting horses have at length forced breeders into the tigbt channel and inspired them with enterprise, and whero interest leads the way success soon foilows, The day of the beavy footed peiter I hope is ever, and I for one sba!l be heartily giad when the last of these mongrel pounders finds a resting place on Barrea Island, or some other equally picturesque spot, But, of course the hope of such a consummation is unreasonable—tho most that cau be expected is, that as fast aud elegant horses will be obundant ina few years, no gentleman will boseen on he road behind anything else. Whiat epeaking of pel ters, it bas occurred to me that more injary has arizea to Americen horses by the introduction of i’rench Can: Bta)iions into the United States than from all other sources combined. It would bea wise act of legislatioa to prohi- bit their importation entirely—or, if that cannot be done, at least to compel emagculation as soon after arrival ad possible. Icouid rot help regretting a series of articles Known sportsman, whicu im one of the city journale a year or in jaucation Gf these miscrable “ Ka Those articles wero writien to serve @ particular purpose, and can by no means be regarded as expressing the sentiments of the writer, who wisely absiuised fron them the sanction of hig name. Tapprehead, how. ever, they served the purpose intended, walsh was sm ly to make the most of wht promised to be an uaprofit fable speculation in French norses. From lack of better methods 0: spending the public mo- acy, Leuppoge, the United States Patent Oilice—ao tostitn- tion intended a8 far a8 practicable to aevelope the re- sources of tue conniry aad stimuate and direct its 1adus- try inethe moet pr ie Chuunels—bas thougdt proper iu tis wiscom to enugdren the community by giviag ao expensive engraving Of what are denomiusted “ arden” Doreee—ihat os, Freach draught or farm horses Perhaps be quite ag well for the Departmeut, when ia seurcn of subjecto for illustrating its Report, to look aroucé aud over our owa broad aud extensive coantry, and see whether we beve not apimais at home more de tery pg of representation oa its pages than thore so fre- quently selected from abroad. So tar as mere draugdt or farm horses are concerned, it is my couviction tha: the horees of Penngylyapia are unequatied at the prezeat day by thoge of apy other country, aud thata resort to foreigg, 4/0 a8 a means of improvement in that direction is entirely ubnecessary. It would parnapa be more generally ac- ceptable were the Patent Ollice to firat give us tilustra- tions of such animais as we already have; and then wa would scon see in what respects we erore deficient, aud bo the better able to judge of what improvement is do- sirable, But at ail events, iet ux have no more imported wmongrels or French stailicos. We have coough of them already, a3 the “Kanuck” blood is as diflicult of eradica- tion where it once bas taken root as is that peat to the agriculturist tbe far famed Canada thistle Of the two evils [hardly krow which is the worat, the Canada thistle orthe Capagiag horee, but believe I would prefer the former nuisance. Caliph, the Arabian stallion, is at present in this ueigh- borhood. I vid not visit him, howaver, baying previously seen bim twice- ce at the New Jersey te Fair held at this place lazt tall,and agaia at the clipe course on Loug lélund. He is certain'y a very handeome horse, ant it must baye been very expensive to bis owner to bave had him brought ail the way from Egypt to this country, Some of liscoltsareenid to be very fice, and one in particular Lam told is quite a fast trotter: but ag Tam vbacqua‘nted with nis progeny I have no opinion of my own to express on their merits; yet my general pro- ference for borses of high blood and trotting peculiarities ia well known, This, you are well aware, is the Bash region, or rather the Peonsylvavia side of the Delaware is en: Utled to that designation; but as it is not my purpose to speak of these famoug trotting descendants of Grand Bashaw in this part of my leer, I from the pen of a well appeared wil pass on to another subject, and treat of them In a | more appropriate place; or, raster, I will have a few re- marks tamake with reference to Grand Bashaw atior I have got through with the detatis of a visit I lately paid to Bedouin, an Arabian staliion of reputed high caste, im- ported by Dr. Hnffaagel while Consul of vhe United States at Calcutta, This horse, however, was oot bret in the Fast Indies, as Tam intormed, but came from a diatrict of Asia celebrated for tho flue quality of its Lorses ia gene- ral and ibe purity of their blood. "But that, however, is eaid of pretty much all mported Eastern horaes ; and tue only absolute reliance we can have, after all is said and cone, is on the known integrity and souna judgment of the importer. Dr. Huifoagel enjo: gentleman at home, endI see no reason to doubt nis word when be eays Bedouin is an Arab of the purest bicod, Becouin is a gray boree, rather abovo fifteen bends in height, anda very weil made, showy stalitoa. He was rather too fat to exvibit bis muscular deyelopa- ments to advaritage—a fault common to stallions at this featon of the year; but they, no doubt, will acuire greater prominence with increased exercise. Ithick he will prove a valuable cross for Bashew trotting mares in the veighborhood where he is now kept, which is on the old York road, near Doylestown, at the stables of Mr. Corson. Mr. Philips, one of she owners of Grand Bashaw at the time of his death, is said to have expreesed the opinion while on a recent visit to Bedouin, that there was a strong similarity of appearauce between these two horses, Wish ail due deference to the opinion ot that gentteman, I must take the liberty of saying, that although I never saw Grand Eashaw, yet I inclize to the belief that he mast bave diflered very essentially from both Caliph and Ba- couin in the important pointe of depth inthe shoulder Diaces, the larger size of bis arm, and tue greater lenzth and amplituce of bis quarters—characteristics which ne bas indelibly impressed.on his deeccnéants to this day, alopg with their hereditary disposition to trot. Tris famous stallion died in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, at a place called Hu'meviile, ou the Neshaminy, Detweea Br tol and Fallsington, and'was then the property of Messrs, Pbili,s & Morn, the former of which gentlemen still re. sides at Newtown, in that couoty,[ believe, As matter of record I trausmit the following decumeats in relation to this fice stallion, aad onty regret that more like him bave not been imported:— Trivou ws tar West, tate A 4, 1819, I, John Carstensen. Bis »enieh Majesty’a Ocnaul General at ‘Trico. in the Weat, do hereby certlty tbat on the 2ith of say, 1819 Jcaesb C. Morgan, F's of the United States of america, porchaeed from me sn tran gr>y Arabian horse, rising tour yearsold. Shia horae wav tegottes ty she late Rey’a favorite horse K sban-adger—oelebraten in this place for bis beauty and other exceilent qualities—and bys fine mare of the cyan try. He is of the very best blood to be obtained bere. J. A CaksTERSEN. TrxPoit, May 27, 1819 ly aequatoted with ail tha i@, relating to the famouz vid that It ta entitled to full KD B. JUMKS, U8 Ido hereby certify that I am fu facta etated in the within cer’ horse bow called Grand Basba’ falih acd credit, pote We hi ral Arabian stallions at prevent in this country —all Bald to be of the purest desoription—including ‘thoee already epoken of, and two or three owand in Ken- tucky. I believe there is a!so one somewhere ja Massa- chusette—the locality I have forgotten—but believe it to be Dorchester, or in that neighborhood. Theae horses, T apprebend, bave been selected with moro regard to their galloping than trotting qualitics—a great error, indeed, if that be the case, for in this region, at least, a racehorse is of little value at present, and i8 daily becoming lees de- sirable. We bave the evidence of au Eogileh officer, lately published in the sporting journals, ag to trotting Arabians. He states that on @ certain occasion, iu Iadia, ‘ote an Arab stallicn on a trot forty miles or upwards ‘bout three Bours. Thoze acquainted with the wretched character of Eastern roads wil best know how to appre- ciate suck a performance—It requires no comment from me, further than to say such are tho proper stallions to import in this latitude. Nothing, in my opinion, in the shape of a turnout is at al! comparable to the blood trot ting boree in harness, for beauty, atyle and utility com- bined, and nothing so well marks the ciegant taste of a genticman as to be seen bebind no other. The trotting Arab no doubt combines every requisite for road horge, That great desideratum in a horse—great endurance whilet on a journey—is certainly possessed by the Arab {nan eminent degree, and this peculiarity he seems capable of transmitting unimpaired through sevoral generations. As an instance of this,I have the authority ot a gentleman of undoubted veracity—a resident of yoar city—for saying that ho drove one of hia Bashaw horses— third in descent from Grand Bashaw—a distance of fifty miles over an ordinary road, in about three or three and a quarter hours, with himself and another gentloman in a road wagon; and this, too, without tho noble anima! evincing the slightest distrers during the journey or after- wards. Hes probably the only horse in the country capable of trotting twenty.one miles in ao hour, or an bunared miles in ine hours; but I have reason to believe will never be taeked to do either by hie kind and conside- rate owner, Lantern, another Basha, is considered by ‘those beet acquainted with the merits of that extraordina- ry eon of Black Bathaw, to be able to trot twonty miles an hour in double harness with comparative ease. So much for the descendante of trotting Arab horses in America, three ‘or four removes from the parent stem. My ride into Bucks county—on my visit to Bedoula— farasI went wos moet delightful. It is truly a beautiful county, and the land fertile in the highest degree; the farros well cultivated, and scenery such as the oye ever loves to dwell upon. The most pleasant part, however, {6 that adjacent 10 Morrisville, opporite to whore the new bridge over the Delaware {s to cross, and extending a couple of milea to the westward. Partof this beautifal tract was once very swampy,I am told, but science and Industry bave go far reclaimed it that it now vies in for- tility with any goil in the country. I pulled up a stalk of timothy growing here neariy six feet in length. Another bridge was much wanted here, as the old one had be. come 0 dangerous on account of railroad trains passing over it, that many wero deterred trom crossing with ye- hicles, It was alzo much too far down town. The con. tmplated location of the new bridge is an excellent one, and must _— contribute to the pro perity of Trenton ve geolowienl and. topographical fh e geol ant pographical characteristics of the Nmited district through which | Passed were very nearly the same throughout my drive, which was northwest. wardly from Prenton. More to the northeast, however, along the line of the Nelaware, about 14 or 15 miles from thes city, the geologion! features of the country change from gneiss sad other primary rocks into a limestone for- ————$ $$ $$$ mation, of eaeptieot quality for building and agricultural The Herald and Louts Napoleon. ids westerly for several » REMARKABLE PHOPHBOCIKS CONCERNING TAS LATa miles, apd a little north of an isolated ridge of sandstone, called Buckingbam mountain, where it becomes overinp- ped by a species of rock known as red sha'e, This shalel ‘also Botioed clsowhero, at Newtown, and several othor believe. One of the moet pleasing reminisceuees connected with wy ride through this county was the fact that I crossed the path taken by Marsball, Jeanings and Yeates, in what is known ag the great ludian waik {| must bave crossed close by where once swod the venerable chestaut tree from which they started, in 1733; but as [ waderstood that famous tree had beea blown down a few years since, I was unable to verify that interesting fact. Another ac- count, however, says this tree stood nearer Briatol Tne occasion of this walk was a contract made by Thomas Penn with an Indian cbief for as much land as three moa could walk over between sunrise and sunset im one day, Yeates gave out, and died in three daya after the walk; Jennings was so much affected that he survived bat afew ears, while Marshall lived to tho age of ninety, after hay- As achieved the great feat of walking 110 miles in a sia- gle day—or 116 if the point was nearer Bristol—30 miles of which was through the woods, and the whole road threugh a rough and broken country. Marebal, Weappoere from what T larned, was third at the commencement of the walk, and for many miles could overtake neither of his opponents. Jennings ho passed somewhere about iftieth mile, who had then given out; but it was not until he had achieved his ninety-eixth mile that Marshall came up with Yeates. Yeates was then completely exbausted, and was sittiag ‘a high reputation as a | on a log by the side of a smal! stream, uoab'ie to walk any further. he bad walked 60 fast in the early part of the ourney that he bad probably overheated himself, aud the pext morniwg was entirely blind. He wasa very tall and remarkably active man, and until his strength failed him, bad no difficulty in leading the way. Another ‘account pays that Yeates gave out at Durham Creek, nd that Maraball did not overtaxe and pass Jennings until he had nearly reached the Lehigh river, some milos further on, This he waded near where Bethiehem now stands, and passing through the Windgap in the Blue Mountains ended hig journey at Stiilwater Marehall appears to bave gone eomewhat to the right after passing through the Windgap, and the creek where he discovered Yeates sitting on the log wag probably the stream now known as Marshall's creek, but thea bearing an Iodian ap- pellation. Ths stream ‘8 several miles north or north- west of Stroudeburg, and is suppored to empty into Brovhead’s creek, a tributary of the Delaware, and falling futo it near the Watergap ‘ This ppears to have given rise to much dissatis- faction amovg the Indians, aad was the principal cause of their unfriendly feeling towards tre whites in after years The contract was subsequently revoked, and Marshall never received the five pouads In money aad five hundred acres of land he had been prom\sed by Mr. Penn, ‘The lodiaus were extremely boetue to Mar- shail Ow account of the great distance be lad waiked, aad his fumilv are sud to pave suffered severely in conse- quence. Maraball resided for tany years, and up to the hme of bis death, oa an isiand in the Delaware known by bis Dame, about tbirly nied above Trenton T witha a few m obief called King Tamauny, whose remaias lie buried tm 4 beautiul spul Oa the Laks of ome of the tributaries of the Neshaminy On my way como L etopped to sce Lightulng, a Bashaw Stalbon, He ned been removed from his stand at Mor- Tisville, and was then Bt the residence o bis owner, te. B Speriog, avout a mile from that village, avd direotiy Opposite ths T was ioformed that be nad been un vecessful ih’s Ferson ag & Stallion, On account of his ent temper and Isck of matarity—having had three separate trials, in eaca of which he exhibited the same characteriatics. Ge is & fine looking borse, the very beau ideal of the blood trotting Ptallion, third in descent trom Grard Basbaw and ifth trom Messenger. He would nave been extersively patroaised this season, and hie farluce ta the etud bas been @ grievous dissppomtment to mauy breeders, who will have to wait anoiuer year before nis services will beavailable. Lam told, however, that his owner entertains tae idea of sending nim over to Loag Islerd, or else of disporing of bim attuge ster, as be face it somewhat onit, 9m account of the nature of bis own pursuits, to eive Lightming the mecessary attention at bome, Stout he do so, old Bucks will lose oue of hor brighter’ jewels Lightning 1s more like his sire, old Biack Bathaw, in external form, than any of the progeny ot that ceiebratea sisilou that I have seen—and itis through bim principally that the suporior qualies of the Bashaws will be perpstuated. Lightaiog differs, however, in color, which is a rich chesnut, and in not being quite so tali ag the old horse, who was about 1514 haps high. Lightning will probably exceed that height when at maturity, as he is at preéeot above J6 hand, and growing very fast, (unverstand, while he is not yot four yearscll 1 thik, however, tual a litte better groom- ing anda trifle more attention taan this horse is in the babit of receiving would be no detriment to his appea:- ance, if it did pouther good. I would sggest algo the ‘ety of driving him daily, as I belleve Basbaws form xeeption to the rule which requires exercise and training to develope the muscular evergics and capabili- ties of tho trotting horse. Having nothing more to say about horses at prescat, I will turn my miod in another direction and make some few remarks on killing sturgeon and rockfish in the Delaware. The Delaware river at this poirt is famous for the sport afforded by the capture of sturgeon, which stands in tho eetimation of amateus at the beed of piecatorial amusements. Sturgeon are taken here with the harpoon, the water in the river being now 60 Jow that that instrument can be used to advaninge by ex- pericnced hands and with tellingetiect Large numbers of sturgeon are taken in this way every seasoa, and partics engaged in the exciting ‘pureuit may be daily seen upon the river eagerly watching for the fish as they ascend to their spawning grouncs, A few are caught iu another way—that is by a pergoa taking a convenient station on the bridge, end allowing the barpova to drop on the flsh a8 he slowly ascends the shallow stream. Shoal: toe bar- pooner mise his aim, however, be runs the risk of break- ing Dis ii ument, a8 tho river bed just here is very rocky, avd the berpoon falls with great velocity from a height of nearly thirty feet. When the blow is succees(ul the sturgeon is frequently killed instanter, the weapon Passing entirely through his body. Some of these tish attain a large ez, frequently weighing as much as two | bundred pounds.’ Toe spawn of the sturgeon is capital bait for rockfeh, which take st with great avisity, as they also do emul! saited eola and live chubs. Rockfsh grow very Jarge and aro particularly fine in the clear fresh water of the Deiaware, where their ilesh becomes firm and well flavored. Maoy are caught by trolling weighing as high as twenty pounas aud upwards, and being a very siroog figh afford a great deal of sport to the agler. At this Beason of the year they are abundant. Taey appear to derive the name of rockfish from their peculiar Dabit of laying in wait in the edoles behind large rocks at the foot of rapids, into which their prey ia swept by the force of the current, Rock ish weighing as much as eigu'y pounds have been taken in the river below this point with the eeine The shad taken here are the finest I ever saw—the flesh firm, fat, juicy ond aelicately high flavored. It makes one’e mouth water to think of them. Tuey were formerly canght in great numbers in this vicinity, but have now be- ci: me comparatively scarce, owing to the great number of gill nets which intercept the fish in their pascuge up the river in the spawning season Gill nete in a river like the Delaware should be absolutely prohibited unger heavy | penalties, as it 1s impoesible for the smallest sha’ to evade Ibeir doscly me ith the draw geine many can ee- gb probably for all practical breeding purposes. 1 nets are prohibited, the tine will arrive when nota sbad will ascend the Delaware a2 high as Tren- ton, Shad co no; spawn until they have sitaiscd their second or third year, and shouli therefore be pra gerved with great care oa tha: account alous. Expensive attempts bave been made in Earope and this country to breed certain dccoriptions of fish in ponds of fresh water, constructed expressly with that design, and impregaa’ eggs of the salmon, &c., have been conveyed bund & for tuat purpose, What euccses these utt e met with I am not agrare of, bat I am quite sond- et that the spawn of a dozen shad, in ultimate benefit wen lott to nature, wonld more than equal ali that could be derived by avy artificial means, Thousands, or r mi iors, of young shad are annually acelroyed way torbe gait water, which thoy instinctively seck. They commence their long journey when uo} more than an cA in length, apd increase {9 gize as they descent! the It isa singular sight to witnees the shoals of young J, covntic#s ia numbers, und ail neading the one way, as they slowly glide along with the current into the ocean, from whence they return to fresh water the suc ceeding spring Ae Thave already epun out this communteation to as great length as the subjects treated of will warrant and your space pertnit, I will now cloze this diffusive epistle wih the promive that my next qill contain an acco int of what I saw in the Jerseys. Uslted States Circult Court, Baltimore, Before Hon. Judge Gilee, Jury 19 —H. H. Day and others vs. Stillman Heinrichs, — This care, which occupied nine days in the argument, was dctertnined in favor of complainants, The groat question involved secine to have been the extent of the title which H. H Day acquired under certain agreements with Charles Goodyear in 1846, and an agreement dated in May, 1958 On the one side it was contended that the grant of 1546 conveyed to Day the right to use not merely a patent of Goodyear’s for a species of shirred goods, dated March 9, 1844, with the addition of Goodyear’s patent for yulcan: ized rubber in such connection, but the addition also to use vulcanized rubber in the manufacture of every de- scription of shirred goods, whether the same were pro- duced by sewing, weaving or cementing (the cementing procees being that deecribed in the patent of March 9, 1844). The defendants, on the other hand, insisted that the right of Day to use vulcanized rubber was confined strictly to the manufacture, not of shirred goods gonoral- Jy, but of the shirred goods pariictlarly specified in the patent of March 9, 1844, Simple as this queation seems, the golution of it was complicated with so much teati mo: ny, documentary and other, that the development and dis- cussion ef it cocupied the time above mentioned. Tne de- cision of Judge Giles was, that the agreement of 1846 gave to Dey the right to use the valoanized rubber in the macufac: tore of shirred goods generally, whether the afirring was the result of sewing, weaving or cementing er the rib- bon in astate of tension with the inelastic material. The Judge examined the validity of the title of the complain- ants under the grantof May, 1868, and expressed the Opinion that at the time it was made Goodyear bad a per- fect right to coavey what was described upon its face. But, whiie thus indicating his views in this respest, the Judge placed bis decision under the agreement of 1846. The resuit was that the injunction heretofore granted was made perpetual, Exrorcement OF tHE Liqvor Law Against Tusn Deaters,—According to the Boston Journal, Father Finatti, Catholic clergyman of Brookline, Masa, flading that his entreaties to his parishioners to atop tho aclling of lquor to be of no avail, hss cauged three of them to be prosecuted under the law, and on Tuesday thoy wore ex- amined before a Justice of the Peace, who passed the usual sentence of fine with twenty days in the House of Correction, from which they appealed to the Superior Coort. Father Finatti was in court,and stated that for three years he had used every moans to induce the Irish to refrain from selling liquor. He had hed against the use of liquors aga beverage, he denounced the selling of strong drink in public and in private, and he had privatety begged and urged those engaged in the practice to desist, but without effect, and he now avnounced his determination to see that the law was thoroughly en- forced, There was no excuse on the ground of pover for gelling liquor, ag the reverend clergyman sald he nnd offered to apnist all who could not obtain a livipe ‘without breasirg tho laws, > EVENTS IN BUROPE, AND THE FULVILMANT THEGK- or. (From the New York Hxaatp Dec, 27, 1852.} THE PHOJEOTS OF LOUIS NArOLKON—THE ANNUXA+ TION MOVEMANT LN PIEDMONT, A clue to the reat projects of Louis Napoleon seems at last to bave been obtained, The eyes of Auetria are be- ing opeved—quickened by the cousciousuess of tyravay, the Cavinet of Vienna shows ovvious signs of alarm, With such a neighbor as Louis Napoleon, satiate? with dige mittes and Miles at home, and eayer to add more substantial laurels to the rewards of his domestic triumphs, metther the restless kingdom of Sardinia, nor the half cruhed Lombard Provinces can be considered safe. Already has tt transpired that Freach agents are actively engaged in fanatng tue Smou'dering embers of revolution at Turin: peither pola bor diplomatic skit! are idle in rousing the sedit.ouw - ingw of the men who, under Coarles Alvert, fancied thoy ‘were going to rejuvenate Italy, The same quist aud eifsc- tive means which raised Louis Napoleon to the Imperial throne, are now being employed, gay tne Austrian prints, to extend the frontier of France to the boundaries whiok it reached under the first Emperor. tile plains have bowed to so many masters, the scene of to many French triumphs and’ disasters, 1s news ones more im the balance of Fate, Radetaky de- mands more men from Vieona, and threatens, if his re- Py be vot complied with, that the tricolor will again oat over the palace at Turia and the towers of Milan. Wo are inclined to think their apprehensions are prema- ture. Itis obviousiy contrary to the true Emperor to involve himgeif ia a Kuro; very outset of bs imperial career, His uacik with bis victories in Exypt and Italy, and oaving at his dis- posal an iuextinguiehablo fund of nat‘onal entausiasm, the whoie efferveacenee of the revolution, could, perhaps, af- ‘ord to plunge France into wara of conquest; but even with his unparalleled advantages of talent aad circam- stances, his reckless career led to ruin in the end. Kqual- ly ipevitable would be the fall of his nephew if, before his authority were fully recognized in Exrope, or cousoli- Gated in thé hearts of bis people, ho were madiy to e1 bark in a war of oppression witn any of the great Pewors, Not unmindfal of the desperate struggles of tne firat Af. teen years of this century, and of Darrow Gscaps ‘which Europe then bad, all the great nations of Europe would at once combine to crush tae new monarch if nis installation were to be accompanied by any reckiess at- tempt to interfere by violence with the present territo- nial divisions of the Continent. Nor is Louis Napoleon im apy measure ignorant ot this. He knows what he would have to expect, and ‘s far too wine to place in jeopardy, for such an indefinite object the crowa he bas gained with 80 much Labor. What his policy will be to extend French territory and to encroach on his neighbors on tho Kast, no one who is acquamted with the state of feelings im France, or who oun form a reagonable conjesture of the desigus of the Emperor, can entertain a moment’s doubt. Bul he must first guard against the possibslaty of a coalition of the Euro- pean Lowers against nim. The dragon must be lulled to sleep before the golden apples can be sately seized. The fongs of Russia, Prussia, and Austria musi bo extracted betore it will be pradont to play with or attack them, Louta Napoteca wil! not dod this au impossible task, For the inst twenty or thirty years the destinies of Tur- key have husg by a thread. To Great Bittain alone is tt ow og that Rusia did not jong ago engulpb the Porte in ite ermaw; ond hed that Power been represonted oy kiiifvl politiclan than Sir Siravord Caani had Fraccs failec to co operate with the Eogysh, or even held aloot from the struggle—it it more than probable that the last few years would have witnes2o1 the Russian flag float over the citace! of Constantinople. Ths possession of far- key ts now the great atm of ihe Czar, t Lows Napole- On context to the aanexation of Turkey, aad aunouuc: to the world his approvalof the aggrandiziog schemes of Nicholas, ead ali the power of Koglaud coule not avers its fate. It would become part of wwe Russian dominions im tne tee:b of Evgland. The treasured object of Russiin am- bition would be cheazly purchased by the non interference o Nicholas in Ge private schemes of Louis Napoleon on Pi mont, Geomany, and Belgium. The Crar would be only too glad to give carte blanche for the West to his brother Emperor in France, of the latter were to offer, in erchange, to co ope- role wich him in his astern plans. So Mussia would be dis- ee of | Avetria and Prussia only require to bo lot alone to come to hostuvites with cach other. All the festering jeaouay which has been raping in their bosoms for years is now reeds to find a vent, Austria is indignant that « petty Northern power should attempt to rival the ompirs of ta Czars, Roeaia is eager to prove to Kurope that her claim t> te fzest army ip Kurope is no idle bowst, There ona be but one eupreme power in Central Europe; neither will consent to recign the title to its rival. {0 tHe one, the {iderat purty ts triumphant, aod views with horror the despotic principles on which its rival government is Yaved; the autosrat of V.euna would eagerly grasp aay pretext for interfering with the conshtut'oosl monarchy wt Berlin, Every reaton, political, commercial, and go- cial, teacbes that Avewia and Proseia muet come into c: ligicn before tong An adroit monared like Louta Nape! Sily cunteive to widen the breach and acceis- By ekiifally throwig hie weight tiret om ove Bice, then on the otter—by fe'gning to sympathise with tbe doctrizes of Y.ctiernica one day, and affecting @ friendty tegard for reiguing famijy' at Berlin, the Spark cen easity be fanned intoa flame. The rivalé are so equally balovced that peither could afford to engage apoiber «bemy so long asthe conflict lasted. If Austria ard Pr: arly embarked in a mutual war, Louis Napoleon could anvex Pieomont, Baden, Switzerland, and Beigium with pertect impunity. ‘Tha, to our micd, seems the most likely courte for poleon to pursue, He will give iastractious to his aseador at the Porte to second the designs of Raseia, and in return, the Cear would refuse to believe the representa tives Of Austria and Prussia when they caution him that ce is crossing the Hhane and the Alps fle will sot and Austria by the ears, and threaten to throw bis weight into the ecale agalaai eltuer if bis eucroach- ments are opposed. He will not strike the first blow; but stil consent to incorporate Piedmont, Belgiam, or Switzer- land, in France, if @ party can be gut up in those countries toyray for admission into his dominions. Meanwhile, to fvert attention from his real proj will suffer w to be whispered in so-caned well informed circles that an im- rasion of Great Britain is the project nearest his heart, He may also encourage the notion that Krance has d-signs on So- nora, or some other part of this continent. These stories are & very convenient cioak to plans 80 extonsive as those which Lou's Napoleon is maturing. The annexation of ?iedmont and the other States ou the Alps ano the Rhine will be combined with the mat strenu- ous encouragement of enterprise and commerce Railroads, canals, tlegraphs, lines of steamers, and factories of every description Nol reoekte @ wonderful empetus from the estab- lishment of the empire, In this reapect, a new era is com- mencing for France—an era which, during the ten or twelve years that it 13 probably destined to last, will do more for that country than apy era which has precaled it. {Zrom the New Yorx Hxraxp, Deo, 2, 1855.) ITALIAN PROSPECTS, Sanguine friends of the Pope have indulged the hops that the receat Concordat with Austria would have the cfiect of rawing the power of the Papacy. Tne nope is LOt consistent with a judicious examination of Italisa FOi ties It %s Coubtiess true that the Joncordat wit! ope rate to rsily Auetria to the support of the Papal churca; buy to raise the Bove even to a respsctable position emong monarchs is beyond the power of the Court at Viepua, The wretched Bourbon dynasty which is slowly dying out at Naples, 18 not more of a tarce—considered ag @ governmeni—than the secular iostitutions in the Papal sominione, Like a decrepit ol4 woman, who torgets that ‘toe has not spared ber, and leers acd mumbles the soft words of Jove she used’ to whisper into ravished ears in the days of her youth and ber beauty, the Pope lingers co—a biscop and a king, in name—in fact, a decayed trunk—pubiishing, amid tho sarcastic lasghter of aa en- ightened world, bails and concerdats and reacripts which were once wont to make men tremble, and feebly clutcn- ing et the eceptre which a stronger Daud than’ bis sua- talce fur solish purposes ia bis shaky fingers, A pitia- Die epeotsbie, But ull Italy claims concern, Divided between two parties, ench packed by a foreign power, it awaits the aay of revolution patiently. On one side slands Sardinia, with U2 constitutecnal government on the Louts Pailippe mozel uls thriving people, its railroads, its trade, its efficient arm; on ibe other, Rome and Naples, wiih their decay, their Btagnation of popular blood, their eontemptivie rulers, and now and thea their spasmodic crists of despotism ta the rovereizn and silent suifering among the peo the back of the furmer stands France, not forgetful either of Lewis XU. or of Napoleon 1; and willing, even while re- staring the Pope, to ge substantisi aid to Victor Emanuel’s Gaministration in throwing of the Papal allegiance. Be hind Noples nd Rome ercuches austria: plainly jenlous of the grouth of Freedem on the borders of Lombardy; courting the Pope, ax though he could help the Uasars: and feeling @ grim cort of eatisiaction in supportiog a pair of govera- ments worse than her own. Even Rusaia—so the atory which isof Britich manofacture, tells ns—bas « kied wor for imbecile Ferdinand of Naples, snd would Oud an ally in him if there were the lenst possibility of his yotting hs troops to the seat of war. To suppose that out of this chaotic imbroglio auy good can come for his Holiness, requires a strong Uatholic faith in the perpetuity of the charch. Tne Gentiles, as a rale, are inclined to look rather for the beat of Sardinia than for.any revival of the’ Papal power Ie is currently reported jn Eorupe that Victor Emanuel may expect an extension of his boundaries as the reward of his partict- pation in the war. Should hostilities last a year or two Longer, i! is almost impossible that Naples and Austria can Keep wholly aloaf. Either the territory of the King of the Two Sicilcs or Lombardy would avswer the purpose of the Allies. The Sardinian dominions might be spread to Venice or Napice might be annexed, and a constitutional government cstablisted there. Tbero is uo insuperable objection even to placing the Pope under the protection of Sardinia, after the manner of the British protectorates in Hindostan, It ia avery remarkable fact that Sardinia is the only continental nation of Europe which has proved iteelf capa- bie of maintaining a constitutional government peaceably, Even France could not abide it for over a generation, to Sarcivia it works admirably. The inference is the sama as that which was suggested by the dictatorship of Maain at Venice; namely, that the Italians, much abused und derided ag they have been, are pertectly capanie of self- goverpment when freed from theocratic despotism. Casz or Runorr.—Edward H. Ruloff, the sup- posed wife murderer, now in the Cayuga county jail, bas become an acute criminal lawyer, He orepared, it is sald, the brief upon which the Court of Appeals set ‘aside his conviction for the murder of hig wife and child and order- oda new trial. Since then he has been beforo the Court again, a notice of which we find as follows in the Coopera: town Renblican:— This man, who his been ten yeara in the State prigon, and convicted of the murder of his wife and senten to be hung—a new trial granted by the Court of Appeals, ‘on the ground that the body of nia wife had never been found—was before the Court to-day (Thursday) on habess corpus. He asked for a discharge, on the ground tha} he had once been tried, and argued his own motion with great intellectual discrimination and ability. But the Court of Appeals having held that his conviction was © ‘mis trial and not a trial, therefore tho Judge ordered a now (rial in Tioga county, saying that in case there was ne new and additional evidence produced he must be acquit- ted; that is, if the body of the wife could not be found. proc chr falta Mtn Groncta Gorp—Yesterday we were shown by Mr. George Magruder two bars of gold, which were taken from his mine, “Auriferous Hill,’ io Uncotn county, near the line of Wilkes and Lincoln, and distant twelve mileg from Washington, Tho bars’ weighed twclve hand! penny weights, and are the product of the Inhor of foice been bands for geven werke, Augusta Chronicle, July 19,