The New York Herald Newspaper, May 18, 1859, Page 2

2 THE NEWS FROM ‘EUROPE, ARRIVAL OF THE ARAGO AT THIS PORT. The Latest War News by the Vigo. | i | | The Two lwperial Maniestoes Sine by Side. Movements of the Armies in Italy. Austria Throwing, Away er Chance for a Brilliant Campaign. SWOLLEN STREAM (IN PEDING HER PROGRESS. Ferced Contributions on the’People of Novara by the Austrians. The Russo-French Alliance. De- nied by Russia. Whe Way the French Hoan is to be Raised. THE DERBY GAYY IN PLE ENGLISI ELECTIONS OF THE POMONA, &.. &o. THE WRECK Xe, The United States mail steamship Arago, Capt. Line: from Havre and Southampton on the dth inst., arrived at this port carly yesterday morning. The Avago felt Havre at 10 o'clock on the morning of May 4, stopped off Cowes for passengers and miils the ecdies at midnight same wamo evening, and passed the date. ‘Tho Avago brings 240 passengers, the usual mails and @00 tons merchandise. ‘Amongst the Arago’s passengers are W. M. Gwin, Jr., Exq., bosrer of deepatches from London; Rev. Dr, Far- roll, pastor of St. Joseph's church, New York, bearer of despa‘ches from Rome, and Monsiear Emile Chevalier, of the Theatre Francais, New York. Captain Lince, when passing Cape Race last Friday, gare asummary of the news to a fishing bost, which was duly landed at St. Johns, N. F., telegraphed to New York, ahd published in the Hmrarp yesterday morning. Our tler contain the details of her news and of that by the Nova Scotian at Quebec. ‘Tre screw steamship Vigo, from Bel’ast May 4th, via, Queenstown May 6t», passed Cape Race last Suacay night qmroute to New York, where she will be due carly on ‘Friday morning. The news by the Vigo are to the 6th inst, by tele- graph from Liverpool. We gave a portion of her advices Yeeterday, but owing to an interruption in the telegraph Tine we failed to get any nev abled to make up that deficienc Marshal Pelisgior was expected in Paris on Wednestay, ad wou'd forthwith proceed to take the command of the Army of Observation, of which the headquarters Te Paris correspondent of the London Nimes, writing om the 2d inst., snye:— nion is said to reign in the Pr M Delang!c, who abould bay: im the mogittracy, instead of grasping at the portfolio of a Minter, cecivedly quits office. It is Bot Itnprooable tat saber chunges will also take place before tae Emperor's ure. M. Luitz, former. Prefect of the Bassa Py- Fences, is still epoken of as his successor, General Herbilion has been appointed to command the Bepot of the troops of the Army of Italy at Gena. He ‘will leave Paris to-morrow to occupy his post. ry cable corps d’armes is form! Prince Napoleon. There was some dutl eommand of the Imperial Guard, but a a gavized ppecially for bis Imperial dibs embark at Toulon, spd it is supposed bis Be Genoa, if not Rome. Lisbon advices are to the 27th ult. The ri had been general in Portugal after the departure of the previous packet, had a very ben. fect upoa tue har. vest prospects for wheat and maiza, bnt it oset that barley, rye and beans would be little benefitted, aad that foreign grain in general must be admitted into Porta- gal during the greuter part of the year. The debate on the new Electoral Reform bift for Portugal was abont to grmmence on the 27th ult., and the bill was exp:cted to pars this weesion. The scarcity of bills and heavy re- mittances for grain had brought the rate of ex» 70 at Lisbon to 63, and even to 52% for three months. from Italy. We uge en this morning. ch Cabinet. pt the Nig post he held 8, which Our London Correspondence. Loxpox, May 3, 1869. A General War Alarm—All Clasces Speculating on Eng- land’s Chances—The Russo French Alliance A nounced bo Vicloria ata Reyal Dinner Party—Hnw {er Majesty | wos Affected—Ihe Great Panic on ’ Change. ‘The telegraphs have been of late 80 busy flashing ca- | wards all over Europe about the war, that even the gentry? ‘ef the coulisse on the Paris Bourse turn up thelr nose at ‘these reports, four-fifths of which are utterly false; the ‘only facts on which reliance can be placed being that Aus- trin has marched an army acrogs the boundary of Pied- mont, that Victor Emanuel and his court haye retired from Torin to Genoa, and that Louis Napo- teon, in compliance with » requisition from Sardinia, 4e transporting troops by sea and land to back his Pied. Mmontese allies. So infinite, however, are the political ermplications of the great question—war or peace—and so fearful the probability of England being involved in hostili ties, that all classes—even from the Queen upon her throne to the humblest mechanic in his workshop—have partaken more or less of the arprehensions naturally antecelent to a general, war so near their homes. Indeed, last Thursday, when the Queen was entertaining her brother in law, the Duke of Baxe-Coburg, and the youthful heir apparent to the crowa | of Portugal, her Mojesty i said to have bien so affected at hearing the despaich respecting the league between France wand Russia as to be obliged to leare her guests, Im the city, however, the alarm has shaken public credit in a mapner quite unparalleled for twenty-five years. The speculators in stocks and shares seemed wholly loet in their own apprehensione, angmonted, ag they were, by a lemporary scarcity of money and a pre cipitation in the of every kind of negotiable pro. perty. Hence followed a general ecramble to realise Stocks and shares, of all descriptions, at whatever price Wey could; and then, thursday was the fortnightly acttling day, which added to fuon of the most fearful d me panic, indced, is amply proved by Yat in three days’ last week forty toar distinct firms comprising upwards of fifty members of the house’ (many, whose names we bave beard, deiog of t rate Tespectability,) bave been declared defaulters—almcct wil to very serious amounts—it is sald, to nearly (y millions sterling in the whole—while even the | tpecalating houses, whose transactions involve mi |i every week, have been compelied to call for temporary id to meet the runs on them, aud every momber pot ii- Ved so deeply, looked aghast at the fearful havoc nd sacrifice ‘of property going on around, In fact, during Wednesday, Thuraday and Friday last, the turmoil and excitement in the nelguborhood of the Benk and Royal Exchange, as well as in the various courts apd sileys, where the speculators and brokers haya thetr | offices, bas x since the railway emish; might have noticed theauxions, | of that eang, dandy looking, *Y, who usually appear so cheers {nat one wouit myppome they had @ evil, causing a iption. Tho exte of tue fact 7 4 though ungloved frater Tu}, Jolly and proepero: the mines of Golcon ir breeche # ; watisfactory to find, however, that’ Lerenged fae Reraay tbe market became roore c. thought Uist many of the lame ducks w net tas ‘elnims on 1 ef enormots, | r v4 excitement, of coarse ths conrequence i ‘wheat was )08. bi, iu propor periol. mn fall, ali being at a standet ng 4 nor is there auy diapositt © orders for the rent. To add to sll otber causes of exoitement, we aro, yon know, 1u the m dt of a general election, The boro Yetarus show a majoruy of 117 for the %6 conservatives: fay that the Lerbyies wil ianly strengthen their party by somo six. jevn v ts, leaving them gull in @ minority of more than pe bunared, 9 the oth day the aver, k—brow NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, MAY THE WAR IN ITALY. ‘The Two Tmperin] Manifestoees—Venico and Vero- | na J eclared iu a State of Siege—\. Austrian Geno fardinians by the ppeal totho | Aus trian Forced Contribution on Novara— “he )egency im Far.o:—Anotier Statement by Prussia—Ad- » dress of Victor Emman- uel to Bis Army, key, &e, &e THY two IMPERIA! MANIFESTO!S OPENING THE WAR. FA WNC JOSEPH TO THE AUS: ‘TTRIANS AND GERMANS, Thave ordered my faithful and gallant army to put a stop to tbe inimical acta which for a series of years have (een Committed By the toring State of Sardi. st the indisputable his of my erewn, and agmivet tho integrity of the realm pleced by God under | my care, which acts bave Litely attained the very Bigoest powt — sy Go doing I bave fuldiled the pain ul but unavoidable doy of a sovercign. My conscience betog ab rest, Loan ook up to an ompipotert God, wud patiently swait fic award, With confidence I leave my to the impartial | judgement of contempora | neous and future genera ons OF the at Gf my fait fol subjects (am £ Move tba len yeors ya tha same enemy—Vi0- | lating tnternations! | ontavy off 1 tention of acquirioe porses J son cf at Albongh tee enemy was twice torally de not SFY, } neria: | tor, Lbebaved g: and proposed a reconcilia i I did pot appr ) myself one t tenitory. Tene no right which b the crown of dint, a8 of the membe of the vopesn family of vations, 0 giaranters ainet the recuriepce of similar events. Tse hand of peace which Tip ali sin. cerity extended, and which was takeD, appeared to me to be a rufllci guarantee, The blood which my army ch of bis on jogs to | bed for the houor aud right of Austria I sacrificed on toe tar cf prace. The reward for euch uvpxamnpled for- bearence was an immeriate centinuation of — eumiiy, which increased from year to year, and perfidious agi- tation a, ast he peace and welfare of my Lombardo- Venetian kingdom. Well bowing what a precious bon peace wes for my peo- pie and for Europe, I pa- Uently bore wth there new hostilities. My patience was pot exhausted when the more extensive measures which 1 was forced to take, in consequence of the revo lotiorary agiation on the frontiers of my Italian pro. vinees and within the same, Were Made au excnee for a Digber oegree of bostility. ‘Witwgly aceeptng the well meart mediation of friendly Towers for the maintenance of peace, [ efnsentes to b come a party toa Cong of the five great Pawert ‘The four points proposed by tbe ropal government of Great Bitain ase basie for the deliberatiens of tbe Coa grese, Were forwarded to iny Cabinet, and T accepted tem, with the convitions which were calculated to re Tu the t no step cn the part of iy govern- ment conld, even in the roost remote degree, lend to a disturbance of the peace, I demanded that the Power which was the cauze of tha complication snd bad brought about the danger of war sbould, es @ prelimina- ry measure, disarm. Being pressed thereto by fneudly Powers, Tat lengi accested the proposal for a general disarmament. The media- tion failed in consequence of the unacceptableness of the conditiors on which s dipia mate ber consent de- pendent. Only ove macs of manta'ning pence se mained. 1 addressed my- self directly to the Sardioian goverment, ond eum moved 3:10 place its army on & peace footing and to aisband the free corps, As Sardinia ¢id not accede to my demand, for deciding ‘the matter by an appeal to arms has ar- rived. Thave ordered my army to enter Sarasnaa. I smavware of the vast importance of the measure, und if ever my duties at a monarch weighed heavily ob ine st is at this mament, War is the scourge of man- kind. I see with sorrow that the lives avd property cf thousands of my subjects are ituperilied, aud deeply feel what a severe trial war | is for my realm, which, be. ing occupied with its ibter- hal developement. greatly requircs the coutipuance of peace. But the heart of the monarch must be silent at the command of honor and duty. Om the frontiers isan armed enemy, who, in alliance with the rev'lution- ery party, openly announces his intention to kava pos. session of the dependencies of Austria in Italy. To sup- fied bim, the ruler over vance—who under futile yreter!s interferes in the le~ gaily established relahons of the Itation Peninsula—has Set his troops am movement, Detachments of them have already crossed the frontiers of Sardwea. Toe crown which I received without spot or blemish from my forefaiters has already seen trying times. Toe glorious P y of our country gives evidence tbat Providence, | when there is a foresbadow- | lpg that the greatest good of bomanity is in danger of being overthrown ia Europe, bas frequently used the sword of Austria in order | to depel that shadow. We are sgain on the eve of suck a period, The overthrow of the things that be is not orly aimed at by factions, but by thrones, ‘fhe origi- nal cannot be rendered literally, but its sense ig, that the present revolution ary movement is caused by minarebs a8 well as by pri- padividuale, The sword which I have. been forced to Graw is ganc- ‘fied, insemuch as it ie % Getence for the honor and rights of all peoples and Steter, and for ail that is. held most dear by humani- ty. ‘To you, my people, whase devotion ‘to the hereditary reigning famsly may serve as a model fur all the nations of the earthy vow address mygelf. In the conflict. which has commenced you wil stand by me with your oft proved ‘fidelity and de- yotion. To your sous, whom I nave taken into the rapks of the army, I, their commander, tend my mar- tial greeting. With’ pride may regard them, for eogie of Austria will, hb their support, eoar le is a jost one, © begin it with con- laze and confidence. We howey pot sta oon which we have was made fruit. at by or A when they ka which e mantiined up to the present day. There the tbe moment * NAPOLYON TO UHR PRY AND FI GEVOLUTIONITS OF RUROPE, Austria, in causing her army to enter the terrvorves of the King of Sardinia, our ally, Grolares War against us, Sie thas vo laws treaties and jaseee, and mMenaces gar froativrs Al! the Powers Have protested agaioet tia ay . Pivtmoat aiwing tbe ovnditions which ought. Ly have iusured peace, oe asks wiist cua he the reason of this sudden invasion? It is that Austria has brought snaviers t this extremity, boat she mat etther rule wp to the alps, of Tecly must b+ free 0 the shores of the Adriatin: fur Wu this ow every ows of territory which rea o® nueit eQdaugers Ner we Hitherto moderation lane raie of my quest, but I deste fi nly to ational ant 1 policy Lobvarve the treaties on that no one sha them against me, the tersiories: rights of ue itral Powers, Dat Fbetily ave my symoa thies far a people ware history is mingled with our own, and wh grote under foreign oppression” France bas shown hor hatred of anarchy. She bas deen pleased to give mea power strong envugh to re. Gace isto neneatity the ebettors of disorder and tne incorrigibie members of thoe old fact ons whom one incessantly gees coutedera tiog with oar enemies; bat | ehe bas not for all tout aod: cated ber task of oivii atural have always bo Gesire the imp-oe/m-uro! the human race, and che draws the sword it os not to dominate, but to libe rate. The object of this war, then, is to rete Luly t) hers lf, not to ampre upm her a change of mistere, 4a we shall then have upon oar frontiers a frieaily people, who will owe to as toeir iudgpenseacs. We Jo not.go Tato Kealy to founsar disorder or to distarb ths power of the Holy Father, whom we have’ replazod upon bia throne, bat to re move from hin this faraiga pressure, which waighs nooo the whole Peniasula, wad to help to estahtian there ordor ‘based upon legitimate satis. fied interests Wo are going, then, to Berk upon this cia ground, iastrated bys many ‘victories, the foot steps of our fathers, Gai grant ‘that we may b. worthy of then! I am KOINg FON to place mssrit ut the head of the army T toave ia Franco the En prese and. my £0, ed by the expe he enlightenment of the lect gurviviog brother o: the Emperor, she iil an derstand how to show her self equal tothe grantear of her mission, 1 cgafte them veme valor of the army which remains ia France to #ateh our fron. ticrs and to “protect our those who | crafty enemies of Germany have georsaily begun ther Kame web they bave wih ed wo Drewk ber tatesual power, The febng that such @ danger 18 Gow Vani Debt prevais in ali parts of Germany, srom the hot to the throve—'10m one Tron. fier to the ober. 1 epeak overcign member of we Germanic covted on When Lewll atteotion to we coumon dager upd recall to memory the glorious timex in which Eurove bad to thank the generat ond fervent enthusiasm of Ger. many for 48 Nberauvo, " fatherinnd, OPINIONS OF THE ENGLISH PAESS. [From tue Loudon Buses, May 4) It is impossible wor 0 be carried ‘back ball a centary, aod cestuner before that, wDea we Bee again the add >= of a Hrenoh Emperor oo” hie @epariure lo take she orn Tne Emperor whoaeif antic Y avOWF 28 BY Mypathies wib 4 pro. ple @ bose history te mingled with wat of Fraoce; 09 in vies the ver w olaeaic laud, iluatavad by Ko mary vie neck Lue foolatops of their fathers, Tt is always Detter to COOTTOON SUBpietOn abd defy ad verse foment, avd, no doobt, the world at large will ne ouly too Teaoy to Ouse: ve that Preuce has gooe the old way in (a9 oO mancer. The Kunperor claims for France to ve now weer abd Detter by tat experigace WOi0h IB che groaned | o joloow, Ho wishes shoboniy to mau ta slovul and Uraaitional policy. Hie 0! #10 rretore Luly 10 hertoil; to remove trom the Pose that freien pressure * iweb Weighs upoD the whale Powiusa.a, Bud 40 68) LO OHLADISN Ofer bared apo thd Sstis acKE OF ley imate Katereet®, all Gets cam only mean Ure expat sen es vvery formgn whdier and euler From Luly, ant evn pire Latwon independiente, Sach are the ut , wthe war, The Kmceror, however, does uo! eed Wah he bas epoataneousiy dud Worked up to thre ree omout by the Austriaas, wove) be euph task P Tas invasion of he oharact je \oe term® usual wb men when they the acts of thew euemies, bus equ p ry arm ,4od spterfere, aR "the arta wis oom plete” and the ant crosiog of the Tie fereuce um beiore tae Oi ie wataral to Kak Whit ere Was previous bo that aot that OXed the interes’ of alt Europe fi ha on thst This was vor th OMEDBLEY wo Saye the Empe x Dees that the North of Itay Goatd oo between ber abd any todep-ndemt Power A siugiae race THe PORMEDT Yas Cangerous ty Aum Sac aise esher ACVaDCe 10 the Alps -or be driven iuto the Adr the chose the former alternauve. Is is the 0 France to accemplirb the latter 0) tne d tile All the reward Frap & ree, ndepecden!, & we may aid, weult feet France a wy part frem any quesiivn of treatues, she mule Laly a self governieg, a pearestle, and a proyrersive country That at this moment Navoleon Ii, wouid i uch & cOUsHMmation cent be § cured DY wf Victories May Be Cusily iMnagiBed wgor be divided slighted if srtibans of ejects IS wren y im et curd. There is never an, man, wbeo tbe ist shai baze On FO W rors the m ces ges, for, 1a tratn, of piave 1 tae diasusioa of bre then bistory Men abe DANCES 'DLO LeW pO fears. The wat works iteei! out Cournge, physical strepest sku, the Cay. {he combarsn's goon extausted; aud the cuts very day devfis FNS OWN fashion, 1d the elemsors: berien, or is that word y and cour ly porpetaares tae Below! cons nf tho (wo partes at ‘tae ciose of the siege Le ts atte ly b yond humm forethe mght wrt will le the relative posieoney Piance, Aust-va, Sardinia ant the other States of Haly ond of Burupe at'l war, wherever it may bs éFen at toe terminston ia be characted tt was any origioas (be, and the laugusye of the Proa to Uke for its busid che then ex: 1to say now the Haingo: silduted afer bao oF thees ca a- POLS, OF FVD WhO tie delligerents WIL be? Boattes Lowbariy and Venice, besides Pedmoat, Genoa, Savoy avo Seainia, there are wiso Tusenoy, the Dachies, sod thy Papal Sates crectly iovelved mm the quarrel, Tait pos- erie valet whaoroe 1 into it? Wilt ers ef Europe stant aloj ? As + Dew matter wil be imyorted sto the quarrel. of quarrei that can be cated when is Fitupy @ Uist of etrength Detweea all woo choore to joe in the steife, On ey are calied, Abmes, rigte, jas ypoar ja the ef ame: aad fen yeare often coufusioa arive cle Mio 48 Temole au anbquily as the ender, OF Ube lide ceeds Of a ant Sporseseed centuries ago. Wa ves war, Tot hd of Last no men cxn see, Fracee tnd ber Emper couswerations hey are weil a War Is BOL Wo De Con) clued OF limited Dy 1s Deg oning. ‘Trey know the questions of reward and paomnmont, of ore XavON ANU Combination, that geow owt of a war, Econ FUDpOrinY FO Simple m result’ as (he im@motiate expalsva of (be Auetiave from Loabardy aod Veoise, FMOTHISFIC to UbSt cisastor, IL would be urged thicg more warn y than 1 lesve Tisly to itset Large porbons of tue ctuesic suil, for woich Fraose avow Fo buch AYMpaiby aad ini with wich ib boasts love of this It may be rememoe ed that the Jace Rorsivn war, 01 Paris was rau te of things, Tenis wii fed db Wesel is ower © that tha ead of a homes; I coufde them to the patriotism of the Na. tional Gnard; [eoofide them, in a word, to the eat re poo ple, who will encircle them with that affection and devo. tion of which I daily rey ceive £0 many pro's Courage then, sad union. Our country is agai abont to saow the world that she hog pot cegenera- ted. Providence will biess our efforta, for that canse in holy in the eves of God which rea’ 09 juetice, ha manity, love of country, and indepeadence, NAPOLEON, Panis, May 2, 1859, be actu Caer: * . * * historical Copbection, wou Ny golog & begging. * oe We need only allude to the questions which would arise iu cage the war croseed the Aips end sescen led the Rovae. All that is to be Said, aud it OUghE to be borue ia mind, 1a Wat with all toese cowtipgencis ip view—with cooqarst ust apon bia, Napoleon UT now repaaia: may, he will not secept more territory, bh ail paviens shonlt be acrambitog for it, Ha Will not stain bis hovor or bis friendship by any such gense calculation. We wish we could pelieve him s'nvere ia this Wire and hoporable ceclaration, Ab aay rate, will be jemembered that He wade i, {From the London News, May 4.) * * * * * * * The French Fmperor declares, thatsivcs Anstria has in- eisted npeo dominating over at! Day 8 which are, ard ought to be,us independent sa bersel!—ho crosses end Alps to vindicate acd Testore that independence. “Tag object of this war is to restare Italy to Dergetf, not to im. pore upon bes achange of masters,aaa weshall toon bave upon ovr fro to us their inorpenceres, If this object ehould de stealily pureued, we shall hear- Lily wish phe enterprise succe: wet that of the cog in tae manger. Saving delibe- rately and repeated|y renounce? oir part in the work of storing and npholding the indepengence of the various States of Itdy, we shall pot idg® the honor of it take the troubie and Lb the progress of tae enterprise with a jealous interest for the causa of free- com. We do not expect the present government of France prodsbly t at. * to piapt wore tree metitutions in Itsly which tt condemns | at Paris, We do not beliove in imported liberty, aad wa are gure that France has none to export. But of the French emperor, from whatever motive, will effectively assixt the Italians to get their alfairs into their owa haade, he will bave done sii that the most sanguine exagct, alt that the cage requires. Whatever may be the ruling & fiment a courtiers, the feeling of the paople of thi country is unmistakable, and was faithfully expressed by Lord Palmereton last Friday, woen he expreesaa gatiefac- hon in_ the prospect that Austria would be driven right | out of Italy. {From the London Chronicle, Bf That the French Emperor shoul courtesy with A wh is justified into cog by all the more recent evcats of contemporary history. ‘4ustria,”’ saya this Imperial ma- nifesto, “by ordering the ectry of her army tato tne ter- mitones of the King of Sardinia, onr aliy, bas decared war oguinet us, She thus violates tre ies and justice, aud menaces our frontiers, All the creat Powers have protest- €0 ogeinst this act of aggression. Piedmont haviog ac- cepted the conditjons which onght to have iusured paase, ove ake What can be the reasou of this sudden invasiou? at i8 because Auetrin bas driven matters to such an ex. tremity, that her dominion must either extend to the Alps, ‘or Itely mutt be free to the shores of the Adriatio—tor every corner of Itsly whict remains independent endan- kere the power of Austria.” Ip thege jest words lies the secret of the policy of France. While the Emperor's enemics io this country labor to per- Suade the people that he meditates an alliince with Ras. sia for the partition of Europe, he piedges himself to whut 42, in fact, the nly intelligiole object of the present con- teat—the liberation of Ivaly. It ig but the natural conater- Diast to Austrian manifestocs and Austrian acts. When ihe Austrians crossed the Ticino, in spite of the efforts of ail tbe Powers to eifeet a pe: jul settioment on the basis ‘of the treaties of Vieona, the Emperor Brancis Joseph de- prived bimself of ail right to appeal to those tromier, a8 fer as bis Italian provinces € concerned. Bat the Fmperor Napoeon, knowing that bis motive in thus en- Jnrgivg the epbere of the contest will be misrepresented, Fees the Decessity of datinctiy explaining his onjacta’ 4) no longer stand on ia 18 not eurorieiog, He throws the “Hitherto,” be saya, “moderation bas beeo the rule of my | conduct, but now energy becomes my fiest duty. Fraace must Low to arms, aud Teeolutely teil Europe, I wish not for corquett, but lam determined firmly to maintain my uatoral and traditional policy. I observe tresties on condition that they are not violated against me. [respect the territories aud the rights of neutral Powers, bat I boldly avow my sympathies with a people whose aistory js roingied with our own, and who now groan under for- eign opprtesion. re the London Telegraph (radical paper), May 4.) In thi stilted tone the Imperial captain takes leave of his submissive subjects and bies him to the field of battle, His resolution has been taken, his declaration made, and, potwithstending omivous warninge at home nnd abroat? he drawe that sword which may never be sheathed until his Mane is a rien and himself and has family rendered pow erless or in evile. He has stirred up the passione of his Feople for the terrible game, and he must now take its chances. The pretexte he puts forth in his commanica- tion to the Tegilative Assembly are as false and frivo- Jous ag might be expectad. It is too late now to pload ‘with the disturbed nationslities of Eurove, His deep anit deceptive intrigues have shown him in the true light as the disturber of the general tranquility. Tt is on his head that must rest the reeponsibitity of having refused arvi- tration by diplomacy, and a severo reckoning will ba ro quired of him at no distant day. Whatever may be the ieene of the Com'ng struggle, the Emperor Louis Nagoleon will be regarded by future history av the inst ator of the prerent appeal to wrme; and, nolwithatandiog his mook And gentle professions, as the declared eaemy of poace, IMPORTANT DIPLOMATIC CIRCULAR OF AUSTRIA On the 20th of April Conut Buol addressed a cira ar Ceepatch to the diplomatic agents of the Austrian government at foreign coure:— By her refusal to divarm, Sardinin (it saye) has proved that the te resolved to continue her attack on os wedi potable rights of Austria, to disturb the tranquility of Europe, and to eucourage the hope of thu rovolusiugary party, The Sardinian government has abuged the national L DrougUt tbings w sas | ewyotonctual war, Treaties | «, wb How noes and | Kes place | we see before 1 Can be nO st-anger® to these ters afrlendiy people, wo wil owe | Toe spirit of England is | je Tesponsibility of the war ou his antagonist; and he | feeling of the Itelian races All the gormr og 40 Thaly Bere lovg nenudiousiy enitivated, 2 Pm ee began to spring up) Piedinvat took tae duit as the champion of all the T mtiag —mationalition, Sardinia cap vever have Fil percly wignel chat Taiy ehould remain in a stat y“or peace ant pros. perity, for whevever the Laliad qouirchs nave aiplayed clemency and ebown & SPI “gf couci/iation, sho has re doubied ber eflortg $0 FOUFE Qhe evil puseions OF tho pao- ple. Wher, the Emperor ard Emyrers were 10 Ita'y, the public papers were PerMi ted to speak m favor of cogt cide; aa when bis Mer sty placed his brother, tae Arca- duke Yercineva Maxim han, at the bead of the admis Jom, the #givaiors ab Turiw eystemmticully mierepre-eoted every act por Yormed and overy measure taken by that beneveieut wad enerous Prince, ’ Avtria ws a conservative Power, and religim, morality and historical riyhts are sacred im her eyes. Th porsos: sious of Autria to Italy are guaravteed to her by tae very Powess which gave G noa to Sardinia, Lombardy was for mavy centuries « thef of the German Emvire, aad Vevice was given to Austra instead of hor Bolgina pro Vinces, Sardine celis vs that the real casa» of sue diason tent of the inbabtiants of Lombardy aud Veuice is tho do m'pi0n Of Aurtrm on tbe Po and Adriati. The rignt of Austria ty Lombardy and Venice 43 irrefragivle, and Will be defend:d agarnst every attack. Fravce, which long shared with Sardinia the moral respouribility for the gad state of things in Italy, now Openiy supports the revomtouary movemeut whicn his begun. The second Freach emp're 18 about to realizes ite lo0g eheritbed ideas, for the throned Power im Paris has informed thea: tonsshed world that “pulstrcal wisdom’ will replace these treuttes which have so lung fi rmeik the bart 0” Eurcpean wternatinal law The troduems of the fir Nopotecn have lem resmertated, ant Europe 4 not wyaoran! of the smportance of the strugyle which +8 abut begin. BuO. OF SHE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA TO THE SECOND ARMY OF ITALY, [Vienna (April 80) correspoodence of Loudon Times } Oo the 27K joel. bid Majesty the BE aperar despatebe the sucjomed addeesa 10 tie Jorces tormiog the Secu Army, #tiCh, as You are aware, 18 ander the command of We Feidzeugmeiter ¢ type Alter truitiess witem secure peace for my empir NHoub LOMmpromisiox ils digaity, 1 am necebsibvwd b Dave recourse to wr m8. With ceubdevce f couthte the rights of Austria to the best of baw'ir—to the hands of & tried aud gallant army, Your Bvelty aot bravery, your exemptary cisci sige, thy justice of toe caxse wore yon defeat, and a glorious EUSTADLEE Lo me Your sudcess, » of che Seovad Army! it ia for you to secure vic the spotess iy of Austria, Take wita you wt ADDR Daltto the Dicewing of Gud and the coal tence of your Em pesor, FRANCIS JOSEPH. OPERATIONS IN ITALY. Taresre, May 2, 1859 te, together with the gurrouniting we of Pigive aad Goriza, Rage been 1M & state of siege, Og to adviers from Venica to the 80th alt. Gyulsi has already axsnmed tbe fuactious o! ‘or Geveral, in the place of Archduke Maxaman, and Veroua have been aoviared in a Buste 0 siege. the bereditary Prince of fuseany has arrived at Venice Advices bave algo been received from adilan to th fe ia not for asto say | Soub wit. What hopes may lurk sn bis Drewst, aud oat afesr-growih | The efficial Gazette contains. prociamation addrested by Gevernl Gyula 10 the Sar ioian popalstoa, to nom juuraptees hiverty, bonor security of property, matte ence of the jaws and y ‘ouoa, Tex, Monday Evening, May 2, 1859. General Gyulel hae imposed on the towa of Novara the cCemand of a heavy contributios of proviaose aod forage. DpCer palo, 16 case Of non comphance, of a flue of tiv times the Va ne of the supply required. ‘The Austrians bave occupied Vercelli. THE POSITION OF THE HOSTILE ARMIES IN SARDINI | [rom the Loodon Press, april 30 } | _ Upon a froutier extending leas than a bundred milee from Macagvo on the north to Bsigioyso on tae south, ar: mnuaked alopy the Ime of the Lago Maggiora aad the riv ‘ 18 Of 120,060 Of the best troops of Austria. unis position rests upon toe fortided wowa o° Varese, while the left is strengthened by the first class fortress of Pavia, Immediately tn rear of their contre js the city of Milan, beta by a numerous garrison, aud draw ing support {rom the neighooring vavas of Lodi, Cremona api Piacenza, The whole ot the eft flink is effectaaliy vered by tbe river Po, the opposite banks of which are in the bands of a Power waose neutralty, if exchanged at plitor an ae part iy the coming struggle, will be go in ‘favor of the arma ef Austria. Jp the rear of tunis evormons force is one of the most fer. tile isis iets in the World, traversed throughout by rail roads, aud abvndantly’ supplied witn water carriage. Whatever moy bs the sentiments of the mhabitants of Low baroy, there t* not much to fear from the expression of thew ob & country where every third rate wwnis regu. larly fortified, aoa At iewst a dozen of the stroagest places ky 6 distriutd over the face or a prociac: which contaibs about the sams population as Ireland, con fred Silbin & much narrower space, For five nad twenty miles the Lego Maggiore offers an insyperable obstacle to uuy offensive operations upon a considerable scale oo ‘tuber side, The area of tbe covfliet 18 taus restricted, eo far #8 Austria \s concerned, to the oanks of the hittie river mmo in. Its course rom “Scsto Calende, where it tesnes vm the Lago Maggiore, to rte janction with the Po a lew wire deliow Pavia, Four principal roada » from Ebis voRi\ion in the oirection of the wlerritery. ihe great Simpion road, which stil! ns 1 aiLest the Universal ReMINs of the first Napoleon, flocs an apprepria’e terminus wt Milan, and crosses the Trico inmedvarely at the foot of the Lago Maggiore. Al. | theugh by far the most frequented for oruinary trafile, 18 Mporiauce for military parpowss is comparatively sinall, lesan as it does into the mat difllza't aod moua.” tainous distrets of Piedmont, aad passing torough « Line of country intersected by oumerous torreuts anu Protent- ing an adundance Of positions easily capadie of defeace Two other sous are open from Mlao, both of which teai more cirectly upon Turin. Chat by Maveata crosses the Tiver at Bufla'ora, and passes through ths now clasaica! city of Novara, Toe second, diverging from the great capat at Abbistegrarve, leads by Gruveltoaa upon Casa'e Frow Pavia a fourth approach can be effaced, after crors ing the Po, to Alireeardria, Besid these, is by vo Inewns imyprobavie that Piacenza would contribute a por karrgoa to the ettsckiog force, in spite of the thi ach fom thence by the direct route upon Sorcinia Wenld IDveive a vio ation of noutral territory. h rosd by Caetra saa Giovami pasges for somo ies ugh ive Duchy of Parma, whose ruler ja, Bow: ver, unlikely to of cf 8 Power which is wreney ip esion Of the strongest place m bis dommnions. “Four separate rootes will thus be open for the mareb of the Austraa by the foot of the Lazo Maggio: Five Ope rations practically nsele Ibis most un ikely (ost Sardiata will attamot to contest | the posenge of the Ticino iteeif in the face of go superior a force, Her first defensive position would oatarally be in Tear of the riv. Sesia, within tweoty miles of the froo- tier, Poet d with its left resting upou the wild and moun. | tanoua region above Romaguano, the sentre of the army would be strengthened by the fortitled town of Vercelli. | The right wing would rest upon the Po, wheace the live of Cefence wonld be prolouged by the ‘fortreases of Ales | fandriaand Novi to the Apeniioes. One advantage of | Sue o potion woold be that its communications would be kept open with the sen at Genoa. Indeed, 1t ts in this quarter thet the earttest succors from France will be made | available. The railway, however, from Genoa to Taria is con peiled by the nature of the grouad to make» bond | towards the north, afver emerging from the mountains, At | One point it ie little more then tweoty miles distant from the Lowbard frontier, and lies coosiverably exposed to any | Sudden movementon the part of an Anstriaa corps from | Pavia. Novi may probably ere now bave been streugtnen- | €d by the presence of a French division. Genoa istittle more than tweive ours’ sieam from Toalon, while three more Would Fvftice to plaice troops disembarked at that port in a yortion to cover those portious of the line which would ‘be most easily threatened, Tope first engagement will ua- | doubteoly be fongnt nron the Beain, probably in the i mediate neighborbood of Vercelli. Vigtor Emanuel not bkely to repeat the mistake of hie fait, nor wal No. | Yara be the wimess of a s:coad defeat on ths present 03. | casion It the day should go ill with Sardinia, the steep | ena rocky banks which iringe the stream of the Dora Raltea ip its descent from the mountains above Corea to the To, between Chivasso and Creecentino, would afford a second line of defence. So long as Allessandria is left uo- reduced, bo Austrian corps wonld venture to advance upon Turin by way of Acqui and Alba. Any attack upon the capital must necessarily take place from the froat, 800 a second stand on the banks of the Dora Baltea might probably be made wish success, Were this line once car- Tied, a retreat to the mountains would be the only re source. Turip could not hold out three days, and any at. tempt at resistance there woald’ but expose the city to all tbe horrors of wesck, Is will, bowever, ba difficult for Ue Austrians to penetrate thus far withoot flading them. eelver placed vis d vis with the dagles of France, ij MANIFESTO OF THE KING OF SARDINIA TO THE PEO- PLE OP ITALY. Here ie the proclamation of King Victor Emanuel IL.-to the Italian people: Pxoruy or ine Krxopow—Anstria ageails us with the | Powerful army whic, with a pretended love of poace, she | weeembied to our injury in the uahappy provinces subject | 10 ber dominion. | _ Unubie to bear the example of our political organization, and vnwillipg to submit to the judgment of a Enropoan Congress o# to the evils and dangers which she alone en. tailed upen Italy, Austria now violates the promise given to Grent Britsin, and makes a point of honor a casus belle Austria dares bid us to lewsen our troops, to disarm and give into ber power thoee brave youths who, from all ports of Italy, have come forward to defend the sacred bepver Of pational jadependence, A jealous guardian of our com non heritage of honor and glory, I give np the government of the State to my be loved cousin, Prince Engene, and once more draw my aword, Togetber with my soldiers, the brave troops of the Em. peror Napoleon, my generous aily, will fight Of freedom and’ justice, oss ee People of Italy! Avetria sssails Piedmont becaure Thave mdvosated the cave of our common country before the counclis of Eu Tope, because 1 was not insensibie to your cry af distrens, She thus breaks violently those trowties waich ahe hus dever respected, Thue the right of the nation ig restore to it integrity, and Scan with full coascience falill the Yow I mace 'on the grave of my high-soaled fathor, Wolle take arms to a fend my throne, the freadom ot My people, sua the honor of the Italian ‘ni the rights Of the whole nation, siya ws Let us put our trost in God and in one concord: tot put our trostin the voor of the Italian col liers—in the alsance of the nob'e Freuch nation—in te justice of pub. he opinion, I ave no otker ambition than that of being tho first foldier of Itwhan independons 0 Thats | EMANUEL. Tour, April 29, 1859, AVOUR ee | THE NEW ITALIAN REVOLUTIONS AND | “s i Litt LESSONS. | rom tue London Tinea, May 4 When the Congress of Paris coclared toa tb youre » thet the ktate of Italy was one which, if proioaged, become a peril to the porce of Rurags, Austra. pro tested neninet euch imflammarory language, and the frivads Of the Pode declared ro atl who wonld iiaten to thom, Unat Sof the Holy Father's hoart was to 00 left ‘is children, “The opportunity bas now oo- 18, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. curred by which the fears of tho friends of peace and de cor fitence of the protectors of [tava Prinves was to tesved, Lomburdy 8 not quite divested of troops, elhough to large a bost bas gove forth to Pied mont Mantua is a8 strong and us able to stand @ Bioge a8 thot fortrees was in 1796, and ite nuwerous and well ap- yowted garrison might be supposed well ale to overawe Avy epen territory some twenty or thirty mites to its south. There is 10 lack oF preesing cause for iminediate fear to on that the bance of Austria will’ be occupied, and @ chance ‘bat her immediate intervention be ed, The hope is uncertain, and has Teapect to the Maren the coa- tequeuce 18 decided and immediate, But, 1a spite of {neve prudential considerations, all Italy gravitates to Piedmont. Thero 18 nO coatert—there: is no pause— there is po debate. Events flow on as though they were physical facts obeying immutable patural laws. we e—State Turcapy, Parma, Modepa, Mt s partants Mantua, under the gaus of Pi districts within Bight of cevza, and wi'bin rapid reach of’ Ancona, deliberately dis. place 'the Austrian Vicogereots who have so long ruled tiem uuder the semblance of intependent sov The Piazza at Florense was the scene of the drat uct of tue dismtegranon of Aostrian Italy. In early morning the prople wrewbie in that five old rquaro, in the preseace of #0 many gior'es of {taltan art, and tn viow of that long liae of statues of { Jastrions Itavans, who have for the moat part died jn exile or in captivity.’ Soldiers and citizens are mixed in brotherly ajhance, There are singing and ges- Uicuiation and no ry demoustrations of joy; but there is no violence and po fighting, There beity no foreign troops present, there it DO 008 to Oxht with Toe body gaards of tne Duke are singing Justi'y in chorus wish the erowd; Geverai Ferrari, the commander of the furcan forces tus found bimselt @ General without soldiers, aad has Jud dow bs insignia of command. hour the populace bave peaceably occupied the two for- tresses of San Giorgio and Sau Giovaant, avd have hoisted the tri-color of [aly over the Palazzo Veoahlo. ‘Then the people \esue forth from the square into the strocta, pass op to the bote 8 of the French and Sardmpian Ministers, aad shout and applayd until the Miuisters answer their compit ments by a *peech from tbeir balconies, and to ! the roxy. The sam» process takes placo at Par- The moment 18 supposed to bs come tution is compiete, oe uB at F orence. “ned the bi egal covere)gu bad died aud eootker had come to reign ia nis sicad Uo Sunday evening there was a demoa- stration of tbe populace before the Royal Palace, und the offlers of the forces of the Duchy sought she presence of the Dacuees and desired to leave to upite themeclves to the army of Picdmoat, Cae Duchess bad co choice but ietant endmission, She tad ber frieude, who wonld, if it were needed, defend her 48 o Indy wbo bas bebaved with moneratioa ia an ua: popular position; but, this being unnecessary, abe bad not ove friend to raise an'astn for bor against the Vicege of Austria and 80 the revolutioo in Parme is also accom: ohebed, Rome 18 pot an exceytion to tae geaerat Talian movement. In Rome, also, the people arsemble, and tho chorus of revolutionary soogs ts heard im the Corso; the Freveb General aleo, ié much como imeated avd maca ap- pwuded, But bere the strange complication obthe Freach vovition manifests itvelf. The French General soothes, moderates, aud at last reminds his admirers that popular astembieges are torbidden by tae Roman laws aad oy French discipline. The Zouaves at Rome significantly threaten to repress avy too great maifeatation of zalous Sy mpatby on the part of tae Roman people for the Z»uaces at Genoa, The French are in Predmont to defend Italy dyatnst Austria; they are im Rome to protect the Conewdat against Laly. whereby lly was giving olf the Austriaa element aad mbining with the Sardiban, bag been stopped, Such Bag been the bistory of the dreaded ‘revolution which we were teugbt to expect would, if not drmly com- preszed, buret forth 1p blood and maasanre. Such bag been the first explosion of the long peot up passions of savage Kaly. But where are the red republicans, and where are the guillotioes? There hax been as much blood shed ia any Engiish contested clection during the Inet week as hag deen occasioned by these [taltan revolutions, aud the depo- sition aud expulsion of three Ivulian sovereigns. Every oeepaten closes with the words, public order has not been diaturbed.?? “reigned at Warsaw.” It is a noisy peac> which 13 the very opposite of solitute. White the citizens and soldiery are straining their voices in cadences more melodious, no Soubt, thun thore which have resounded io the market places f our coustitutional electoral towas, there has not | even occurred, go far as the accounts tell ts, thos» litle meidents of’ blackened eyes and reddened facce that have sometimes marked the discusetons that took place in frovt of our buptings. The Grand Dake of Tuscany packed up his valuables in peace aad depart. ed, amid tbe acclamations of bis subjects, attended by a guard of bonor to Venice, and thence proceeds at his lei- sure to enjoy the hopitality of the Emperor, his eur. | tovereign, at Vienna, The Duchess of Parma appoiats ber Council of Regercy withoat molestation, and goes forth from her revolutionized capital as unmotested as if she had been retting ont upon atosr of pleasure. The Pope also wuld have gone, with ail his Cardinals about him, and, this time. without the necessity of a@ menial dis- | guess, but that the tender asviduities of the French General rettrained him, There has ceen nothing like resentmeut, Lotbing like vindictivencss, nothing like angry passion: The people ave the soidiery were every where too power- f.1 in their perfect unanimity to hunger for revenge, or to allow the bager spirits to flud ina potittcal change an op rertonity for piunder. By this timo toe provisional go verpments are quietly sitting at Florence, at Lucca, at Carrara, at Macee, and perhaps in several other cities, and life aud’ property ’are rather more gafo than they were ben the crowned guardians of order were absolute in heir palaces, There 1 a clear, practical moral in this atory of contem- porary events. If vois litte system of Itatian tyranuies was so weak and £0 rotten; if it leaned only on the mato- riai force of the next Austrian garrison; if the people were +o moderate in their desires, atd the sanguinary admoai- tions of Mazzini had entered’so liitle into tholr thoagnts; if they were 80 uaanimous, 80 powerful, and 80 peaceful: 80 ready to assvme the government of their owa States, and so single minded in their desire to unite with Piet” mont, what need was there for this armed Freach in terference? What pretext is there for tho war that ‘8 DOW bout to desoiate Ttaly and to embroil Ea- rope? It 18 now as Clear ug events can make a truth ‘Dat pothing more was reqaired in order to accom pltb all that can be reasonably desired bat to restrain Austria trom putting forth her military power ia order to enforce thore priva e treaties which are not only no part of the public law of Earope, but which are aggressioas upon iba; law. No mustering of tne forces of Fraace was required to effect this odject, no straining of the powers ¢f all Continental Europe was necessary to obtam this | nate to regret the negiect of this kind of trainiar, spite of end, It wasapoint vpou which Evgland, France and Russia were agreed, and which Germany wonti not have withstood, + A moral demonstration would Have bean suill- cleut; for Avatria could not, in the face of uaited Europe, play over again the last scene of the great drama of is48. The desired effect might have been accom- plished by the decision of a Congress, or by tne Ta aa) : ‘order’? \ And this We not’ the «4 order! thes 7_of tbe Wwoope, whe are deuined at Bet Therefore, the process of caymical aifiaity, | es to digest the Vienne ultimatum, But enpposiug her owa {100p8 as well as her Tragealpine people to be wiaancn, there is no doubt but Austria must reckoa on tag, most cordial hatred of her [ialian subjeca, look out for the rige of ali the rest of the t seule ogaivst her. We ba aod mast pest. peree oe rr ble conso- ane of @ disappointment of that hope, rn} who cam foresee what the movement in Italy will be whea the frat roar of the cannon turns the hope into certainty, when Austria falls back from Ancona and whea the fiery croes freely runs from town to towa, aud the French: { and Sardipians ensble and even invite the Italian youth to erm apd muster in the rear of their ranks? Ia euch a. state of things it will behoove Austria and ber allies, if she have apy, to guard well again+t any untoward slip, dgaiet any disaster, however partial aud temporary, for the example and the iostigations of toe Predmontese aud the encouragement of the French, will emboiden tae Lom- bardo Venetians to fall upoa their masters wherever @ chance offers, and the ground will soon be too hot uader the feet of the Austrians, even within the walls of weir impreguable strongholds, MOVEMENTS OF FRENCH TROOPS. MARCH OF THE FRENCH ARMY OF ITALY—LANDING AT GENOA, AND ENTHUSIASTIC SCENES, {Paris (May 2) correspondence of the Loadoa Time. } ‘The road from Paris to Milan is at presen: ator upted, ‘The opiy road open from Itsly is vy Switeerlaad, througa Lucerne, Basie and Strasburg, ‘The Cuw ier des Alpes states that the passage of French troops continues regularly, A crowd assembles at ci arrival of every railway ‘train and chsers the soldier Yho reply by st Yate Victor Emanuel” + Vave la Sivo General Konault’s division of 12,000 men mate too march from Chamberry to Mout Cenig on toot. Te road from Maurienne to Mont Cenis is covered with troops, “We nave bitherto,” says the Sali Public, of Lyons, “kept our readers duly iaformed of all the movomoaut troops ip our city but now that the sword is draws tay will readily upserstend the feclings of rropriety aad pac triotism whteb ind: ce us to cease publishing any such in- formation for une future ”” A rinular course has been very generally adopted by the prive pat provincia! jouroa’e, ‘The johowing letter hag beau received fro~« Genoa, date 0 the 28th of apr Tt was on the 26th shat the French troops began 'to land, From Caylight almost all the inbabitants were asserabiad on the ramparts, which bave a view of the #ea, impariout. Jy awaiting the arrival of the fret french ship. At lenge | the Algeeiras and the Redoubtable apveared at the entrance to the port. Forthwith viras were raised oa ull sites for France, the Emaperor and the allies, ‘Tae Sardinian naval authorities had made excellent arrangements for tha landing. After the artillery bad fired the usaat salute General Bazaino aided on the Qiarantina quay. The fist French soldiers bud scarcely set foot on ‘land wben the crowd rushea to the quay, shouting for the Emperor and for France, at the sama time embracing the French soldiers a3 if thoy hat jawt gained a great victory. Every day since French soldiers contioue to arrive, aud two or three sbips at least Goma it from Toulon, Marsbal BarogJay d"Hilhers arrivea this morning. The population of Genoa is exclusively oc spied with their new friends, The city presents the appearance: of a comp rather than that of a commercial town. Toe people walk arminarm with the soldiers, an1 sco that they are comforibly lodged, The mont fusbienabie lates a8 Well as the wives of operatives amuse themselves ia | Visiting the camp of the Turcos in tve valivy of tae Po~ lavera. You cannot imagine the interest croated by ue ‘Turcos. The artillery coros in garrison at Versailles bas received, orders to procecd to the south. They were to bave quitted Versailies this morning, and are probably "pow on their way to Lyons. The Egutieth Reg'ment of the Third Divi- sion let Paris this day, avd the Eighty secoad will leave tomorrow. The £1x!y-pinth left last night, aad the f'wen- ty-cighth leaves tonight. “ fhe snow on Mont Cenis is said still to delay the advanca of the troope, who are cetained at Briancow; but by Genos The Dryade ship of the line salted from Marseilles on Frioay with « large force for Italy. THE FRENCH ARMY CROSSING MONT CENIS—TUETR APPEARANCE DESCRIBED BY AN ENGLISH TRAVEL- LER. Gexava, May 1, 1859. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LONDON TIMES. On the evening of the 26th I crossed Mont Cenis, where | there were reports of the slaughter, the previous eve:- ing, of & large portion of the Sardinian army by ths Aug. trinns, and of the rapid advance of the latter upon arin, ‘These reports were contradicted when I reachod Sasa, ihe morning of the 27th; indeed, it appeared to be gone. rally coubted whetber tho Austrians bad as yet crossed the Tico in any force. I found at that towa the advuncec guard of the French army—some two thou. tend men—conaisting of Obasseurs de Viaceanes and infantry of the liwe—rexdy to be pushed oa by rail to Turn, Tickets were also issued to pussoagors for the six o'clock eveuing train. The same day, as I recrossed Mont Cenis, I met two battahous of infantry; and agaiv, on the 28th, I passed, at different stages of the route, between Landlesnourg on the Savoy side of the mountain, aud Culos on the French frontier, not teas thaa 27,000 troope, inciusing three regiments of” ligat and oae of ‘Leavy cavalry, a large bosy of chaseouss, aud #ixteen brass fle!d pieces; three regimen's of intantry were march- ing rapidly alovg the line of ruil, withia sfs4 mies of each other, while otbers were being conveyed ia the train, Twos struck with the digproportion both of cavalry aud artillery to the whole of the above mentioned force—as he road from St. J-an Maurienne, where the raiway termivates, to the foot of tbe Cenis Pasa, is exoai- lent. 60,000 is faid to be the namber of troous aro: to be traneported along this route, Tne guns ware ail rifled, quite new, and very light, drawn by four horses, whist appeared to my eye to want ao littie more viovd. The cavalry were well ‘mounted, and the infaatry had every appearance of being admirably efficient, botn in discipiice and condition—active, sturdy Littie fellows, aravnga coly on the outset of a camprign, every man looke! as if be had pareed every hour of his existence ia the deld— hardy, skilfat and eelf-relying. The tratu of the matter is, that scarcely a day passes in garrison that the f.ouch soi” Gier is not compelled to fence or to go through the bayoset exercise with his comrares, and his eye is quickenad, bis limbs strengthened, aud he hus become thorough tnastor of his weasoo. Why should we allow the frencuman Such an adyantage over our own soldier in the nse of the bayonet which we bave always excciled in? May we not the bulldog courage snd naturally exceilent stimiar of the Englieh infantry? Who conld doubt the havoc thay | Would be caused bya handful of trained pugitists in mediation of a single Power, or even by the less | formal and lees offensive expedient of an’ intimation that apy mterference of Austria beyond her own frontier | would be met by counter action on the part of Fogtand, | Fratce and Russie, The more rollen the power of tie Taitan Princes is shown to be, and the more unanimous and practical the Maliane prove ‘themselves, the more plamly is made manifest the watonness and the wickodaess of this war. Up to this moment the Italians of the Dachies and of the States of the Church have acted in a mavnor to carry with them tho sympathies of to Eogiish people, and to de- serve all the moral support which & British Minister cap give them. We hope, snd we have some conidence in hoping, that they will Co nothing to tarnish their suc- cess, or to forfeit the good will of those frienda of Italy who love Italy well, but do not proteud no! to love peace and order more, If they thus behave it will ba a sonndal to humanity if Austria is ever permitted again to set foot in Suscany or Parma, THE CONTEST IN AN ITALIAN POINT OF [From an article in the Toadon ‘Examiner, signed A.” lenga 11 Wh osay vec for'thows sone Lave sor tbe last tavee months given all their attention to the subject, to calculate the chances of the fortheomtog struggie. Til the Frencn fore. The Austrian army in Lombardy is calculated at 250,000 combatants; that of Sardinia will only be ona par with it when tho Emperor Napoleon has sent down the 150,000 men promised, ag itis said, to Cavour. Sar- dinia bos taken great pains to avoid a collision on tho Ti- cino, She has concentrated her forces at Cassie, Alegsan- érin, Tortona, and all along the Ligurian Apenvines; and will offer no resistance to the invader north of the Po as for ag the Dora Batiea at Chivaeso, abandoning thas the defence of Novara and Vercelli, It'is doubtful, however, whether the Austrians will avail themselves even of this momentary advantage; but what is quite sure is, that loog before the French have mustered in sufficient strengib to give the Austrians battle on the plains of Verselli ana No- vara, these latter will have to fail back on their own terri- tory, a8 their flank would be expused to an attack of the Picdmontese from Aicesandria and Casale. All campaigns of this nature, from those of Louis XI. and Francis 1. of France to those of the first ‘Napoleon, aimoet invariably begun by an inroad into the centre of Lombardy, and an attempt to,occupy Milan. Stich a plan of campaign will, however, in all probability, be modiilod in the present instance, owing to a variety of reasons, bat especially to the strong position taken by Austria at Pavia with a view to cover the Lombard capital. Aa ocsupation of Milan, however rapid and succoseful, would have no important military result, 80 long ue the vast Austrian ar- mament can find safe sheiter behind the walls of Pavia, Mantua Peschicta, Veroaa, Piacenza, and Vorrara, all of Which places bave lately becn raised ‘to the importance of foresees of the dret order. A more natural and rationil course for the Frevch aud Sardinians will b> an advance into the teraitory of Parma. A large force collected either at Parma or Reggio would enable them cituer to achieve the investment of Pincenz., or to threaten Mentua, Verona, ard Ferrara. It is not likely the Austrians will show any great anxiety to sally forth fiom those strosgholds to give battle; nor is it probable that their enemies will loo’ their tlmo in the siege of places which modern art has rendered all but impregnable. So far as mere military manwavres sre concerned, the war is likely enough to turn out a drawn game between the two immense forcer, as the Aus- tian army will toa certain extent be placed in a position inaccessible to ite adversaries, and it willat the samo time be too much divided into different garricons and com- pelied to be on its guard on too many distant points to be able to strike any decisive blow. A war pursued under such circumetunces must necds eavo gpaple Scope for the ork of diplomacy; and it is extrer likely that Eog- d and Pruseia, unweary as they have been in their ef- fortato prevent an outbreak of hostilities, will lose no op- portunity which may offer elthor to putan end to the war, or at lenst to hem id ite ravages and mit itt the nar. 3 ible eprore, tears ina do tot in my mind that It will roquire little short of a miracalous effort to wrest fro.n the Austriang ‘Le Lombardo Venetian kingdom by more forse of arts Fiance and Piedmont unite? are not, sporkiog in a miit- try gepee, more than @ match for Austria alons, and were they to obtain too gront and. sudden an alvantago over Austria, they infallibly would have to measure thar {orees against the whole might of Prussia and Germany. fo what extent Prussia and Germany may bo kapt io check by the attitude of Russia, and how far Anstein berself may be paratysed by discontent, or evon wanili jeted by disorganization in her Hongerian and othor eastorn provinces, it 18 not engy to determing, The strong of her mibtary position depends on the cortainty of het p> Heal situation, Were her Hutigarian battalions at Verda wud Mantua to play falee, the war might bo at au oud beiyrg | respondent of the Indépendance Belge, take the field in gefficient numbers, it is very clear that | Picdmont must limit herself to a strictly defensive war., & mélée, although opposed to unarmed mea’ of any calibre? Might it not be to w-certaia extent the same wis tho bayonet? Could it not be possible to tatrosuse into Engheb army some instruction and place of exerctee, cor- responding to the French regimental ‘Salle d’Armea,”? end by this means accomplish the double aim of improv- ing the efflciency and occupying the idle time of our eoldiere? NAPOLEON'S FAREWELL LEVER AT THE TUILERIES. The reception which takes place to morrow night at wn> Tuileries 1s consitered as tho farewell levee. M. de La guerscnniére is apoken of as likely to accompany the Em. peror, with the title of Secretary-General and the func: tons of historiorgrapher. He will very likely compose the bulletins proclaiming the victories of the Freach army, end which Paris and ali France will look for with 80 much impatience, The rumors that were afloat yesterday and to-day about encounters, battles, &., are unfounded, It is not prova- ble that the Frenen will accept an cogagement if they caa avoid it before tbey are in full force, aad that the Pied- “movtege will manceuvre until theira'li¢s come up. Oming to the ciffleulty of getting just now exact information of what patses tp Piedmont I will not venture on repostin, the were rumore which proceed from no authority, aud often are pure fabrications. Io the meantime troops con- ‘nue to move from this towarda tho seat of war, MILITARY FUN OF THEWAR. The Zonaves of the Guard, says the Paris cor- , have been received with more sympathy and eothnsiasm thin any otber regiment which has traversed Franvo, ‘Their contagious animation has electrified the crow). You may bave already heard, perhaps, the reply made by one of them on a recent |. He was rupnipg towards the spilway, when some workmen cried. out, ‘Halloa, mate, you are in a deuce of a hurry, it ap- pears.” ‘Well, ratbor,” said the Zouave. ‘But where are you off to at that rate?’ “Where? replied tha soldier, tapping bis aide arms, “Why, to the Congress, of course. At their departure from Marecilles the Zounves of tho guard were saluted by the acclamations of thousands of spectators grouped upon the jetties. ‘The journals of the town mention a little incideut which enlivened the sceuc, A Zouave, imitating the cry of the railway offciais, shouted to his comrades, ‘-Now, then, any more goiag ou for Avgtria,”” Avciher bade adiou to bis brother as the ship quilted the quay, in these terms, ‘ My address will be Poste Ra- stante, Vienna,” OPINIONS OF Aes PRESS ON THE AR. [From the Presse, May 2.) There has not been, aud there could not be, avy medias tion. England, taken by surprise and deoply irricawat, rerolved On a lagt step—a step vague, without cuaract Without precision, and. certainly without hope, Conte” rences 100k place, but they were so ufeless and Pidicatous that they were still going on, it is said,on the very cay that Aurtria iavaced Piedmont, Now, as always, tas Italan queetion is a European one, but the passage of the. icino bas rade tt moro particalarly French. M Thiers has tald that Piedmont {8 oar resting place ia Taly, a ute de pont indiepeneadie to France, and her natural biiwark. onthe Alps. Her forces unve aways been considorod os the auatijaries of Fraueo, and as the the French aa ted apy war against Austria. [is uo: ir more permiseib) iy French goveroment to allow Piedmont to be crushed than for the neutrality of Switzerland to be sacrificed. IL would by to jay’ France open, and to coudemn her to keep up oa that, immenee line an army of 260,000 men, The French. government has not committed that fault, When Piod- mout was threatened by Austria, sho promised to tefent her. Pie’ mont is now invaded, and she flies to her assie-| tance; such 18 the true policy of France, Austria has ob- hately rejected the counsel of her best friouds, aud] ¢losed her ears to the remonrtrances which have reac jet her from all sides, Nothing at all woroaronable was ro- quired from her; no one sought either 0 despoil or to hu- nitinte her; it’ was ooly wished t have guarantess Against a policy of encroachmennt Giga to treaties ant nenscing to the general tranquility, Tho rosistavee Austria completely changes the situation of affatrs. . Tae| es perience of forty years has shown thatthe evil of which Italy complaine, and from which Europe w a oortai cegree auffere a3 much as Tuly, is a permanent evil resulting from trestios which in’ 1815, substitu od fore for right, and of which Austria bas taken adean tnge to Inverforo in the inernal affairs of tho Ttatian States, and In the direction of their policy, and to chang incependent prinec# into satellites and vassn's, Tt wii not, therefore, be sufficient to appease a passing tempest, what most be supprestod 18 the cause which pro tases it Mon vold of foresight stop up the crevions ina tovineih Louees tue architects repair ve building from its fodnda ton. Sine Fronee ts compelled to destroy py fores thy sork of shger and of vengounce Wich a Coogrese ba cotablished and which a Conyree wished to reform, ah carpot ond sbe rouet not mak» war exept to have peane— dui ® peage whisk abel Ww ay eS mopar ure]