The New York Herald Newspaper, April 7, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. saM@BS8 GORDO enee, QUT KW. CORNER OF FULTON AND HAssAU Ee rcacoaee, Pemes donee Un reced oo onion “Fly DAri? BBRabD, ows conte BF pe swe Suh BECK. Y WEALD. seery Sutwedy, of ma come i‘ " t rermmamn, the pe: cos poe copy, 84 por anna (0 omy port of Gru Brscrim, of 0 a te Cmtinons we ery 1m the Sth com) Bh of seach womth cal sie vonie por copy ot $1 50 yes ammnars THY FAMILY HhEALD, owe Wednesday. a fowr conte ex “RD vRRFISEMENTS renmced every doy; advertisenen + in seted 4 the Werk) Beusid, Fame aad sn Calyornts and Bwreps = Kaviious Votumoe X¥'V Mo, $6 AMUSEMENTS THIS BVENING. O'R GARDEN, Brosoway —Ctnous Pesroumances— BOWERY THEATER Rowery,—¥0ieR OF New Junssy New Youx axp BROOKLYN METROPOLITAN THEATRE (Lote Bartoa’s )—Tum Orart- . Ke— Betsy Basan. ae WALLAOK’s THRATRE, Krocdiway.—Tum Varenan, on FRANOk ASD ALORBIA ei URA KEEN THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.—Oun Annaicas COUSIN—JENBY LIND, Kine THSATKE FRANOAIS, 685 Broadway-Maunrens vn Maxiy—J® Dive Cas MA MURE—FURNISHED APARTEENT. BaRNUM'S aMKBICAN MUSEUM, Brosaway.—Aner- nove —Kerkracrion. Evening—Ovg Ista Couste FOOD'S MINETREL BUILDING, 561 and 043 Broadway-- Brnorus Sones, Dances, £0.—Srarvs Loven. o BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, MECHANICS’ G. wey.—Neore Soras, 40.—Brrissqus Iratiaa 427 Prosd- Lr ACADEMY OF MUSTO. Fourteenth street —H; BpacE Lecroxs ow TRE Woununs or ‘Sooterr. me TRIPLE SHEET. New Yors, Thursday, April 7, 1559, ‘The News. Afier three days hard work, a jury was yesterday obtained to try the Sickles case, and to-day the theory of the prosecution will be developed by the District Attorney or his associate. A full report of yesterday's proceedings may be found in our co- | lumns this morning. The Court of Appeals yesterday rendered a de- | cision in the case of the old police force. There | were three written opinions. Judges Gray and Strong submitted opinions in favor of the old po- | lice, declaring their discharge by the Metropolitan | Comwissioners egal and void, and Judges Com- | stock, Selden and Allen concurred in this opinion: | Judge Johnson delivered @e dissenting opinion, in | which Judges Denio and Grover concurred. Tho decision of the Court is given in full in to-day's Heraxp. It in effect restores the old police to their places in the force, aid also gives them their back | pay, amounting in the aggregate to upwards of half a million of dollars, An effort will be made in the Legisisture to have the necessary amount placed in the city tax levy, but our correspoudeut at Albany states asa rumor that the republican Majority of both houses have agreed in cancus to oppose the introduction of the appropriation, Dr. Gunn was yesterday confirmed by the Senate, by a vote of twenty-eight to four, as Health Officer at this port in place of Dr. Thompson. The nomi nation of Dr. Jerome Marine Hospital, was als eck, of | $145, and of white do. at $1 65. Corn was dull and easier. “Mt shit clliansapeieil 3 3S and the Mr Hos) tal is 932. The receipts for the week w >) $1,950, ond the expenses during the same peri | nd the disbursements were $11,083 58, making t » overdraf. 0! $18,468 09. The Methodist Church North it appegrs have established a conference and set in motion a couple of churches and a bishop in Fannin county, Texas. | It is alleved that abolition doctrines are openly promulgated by the leaders of the congregations, | and slaves are tampered with by all who are en- gaged in this religious work. With a knowledge of these facts, t @ inbubitants of the county have held two or three public meetings, accounts of which wo give in another part of the paper, and have decided to rid themselves of what they con- sider a dsngerous enemy. A committee of fifty has heen accordingly formed to carry out the designs and wishes of the inhabitants generally, The result has not yet reached us. ‘The human vemai s found ina soap box at Ai- bany some days since have been exam'ned by p y- sicians, an! vre pronounced to be those of an old woman who hed been dead several years, and had been doubtless packed and shipped for Indiana 3a medical subject. If any rel ance can be placed on the science and experience of medical men, the remains cannot, of course, be those of the missing Mrs. Brennan, as she was only about twenty-six years of age. ; The steamship New York, which arrived at this port on Tuesday from Bremen, brought 401 passen. gers, the largest number which has arrived bere this year by one steamship. The receipts of beef cattle at the various yards during the past week amounted to 2,925 head, an increase of 739 head compered with the receipts of the week previous. The demand was active, and not- withstanding the ample supply, former prices were ma ntained, the rates ranging from 8$c. to 12c, ing to quality. Prime milch cows were in demand at $50 a $65, while inferior and common qualities were neglected. Heavy receipts of veal calyes caused a decline in prices to Shc. a %e., and extra broug! t 7c. Sheep and lambs were in limit- ed supp y at $3 60 a $10, and in some instances $12 per head was paid for first quality. Swine were in moderate request at last weck’s prices—dc. a Tic. per ponnd. The cotton market yesterday exhibited inoreased acti- vity and buoyancy, Tho sales embraced about 8,000 bales, about 2,000 of which were from store and 6,000 in transita, The market, from the depression produced by the Persia's news, and especially for lots in transitu, we quote at 12c. for middling New Orleans, and at 7-10d, freight. Wo quote lots from store at about 120. for middling uplands. Flour was without marked change, while sales were made toa fair extent, closing with a more genera! demand, Wheat was without improvement, while sales Were confined to small lots of red Southera at, The sales were moderate, including yellow Jersey and southern @t Sdc. a 8S¢., with common Jersey do. at 80c., aud good to choice do. at 870. a 88c. Pork was in good demand, espeeiaity for future delivery. Sales on the spo, embraced now mess at $17 8744, with a sale, do- hiverablo in Juno, July and August, sellers’ option, at $18. Old mess sold at $17 S735, and prime at $12 60 a $12 65. Reet was steady, and lard rather heavy. The sales of sugare embraced nbout 600 bbds, at steady prices. Coffee was firm. The cargo of 8,000 bags of Rio, por Matchless, was sold at 112gc., and some mats of Java at 1435/0, Freights were steady, while engagoments wero moderate and rates sustained. ‘The Administration, the Democaacle Party end the Charleston Convention, We transfer to our columns to-day, a calmly considered and instructive leading article from the Westchester; Benjamin Hutchinson, of Brooklyn, and Wm. H. Burleigh, have been nominated as Port Wardens by the Governor. Litle of importance transpired in the Legisia- ture yesterday. In the Senate the resolution in favor of reducing canal tolls was adopted, and the Personal Liberty bill was discussed. The As- rembly passed the City Hall bill, and rejected a bill to amend the Excise law. The City Railroad bills were all reported, and it is believed that they will ‘all pase in due time. The lower levee cotton press at New Orleans containing ten thousand hales of cotton, together with seventy buildings adjoining, were destroyed by fire yesterday, and at last accounts the confla gration was still unswhdued. The loss of property is estimated at a million of dollars. At the meeting of the Board of Councilmen last evening an important communication was received from the Mayor, in which he reviews the proposed amendments to the city charter. The document is given clsewhere in our report of the proceedings. By the overland mail we have San Francisco | The markets were without dates to the 14th ult. change. Rev. Dr. Cheever delivered last evening, at the Cooper Institute, before a large audienc lecture on “the logic of the Word of God against slavery and man stealing.” We give a re n another column. Nagasaki on the Our news from Japan, dated at 81st of Decembe i Commissione: exchange treaty ratifications had been « The trade in cattle for shipping use had been! ralized towards treaty Powe A Danieh ship refused entrance to the po King p treaty. Cholera still raged John Brennan, an American lad age, river sleamer W Kong harbor, o1 The yt having a of the Ci was drowned from the dee tte, Ci an January. viain Waleot long One of our French exchanges states that the t committed to the prejudice of the Northern ‘ond Company of France, by Car, ompanions, has given rise to a cu in New York, namely, that Povod ha against the V forty thousand francs, of tl ° | from the broken democratic battalions of } the North; but till there is a chance for the Union, through the saving in- Charleston Mercury, on the administration of Mr. Buchunag, the treacheries aud defections of the democratic camp, and the gloomy prospects of the party, as a national organization, for the next Presidency. This Southern review of the de- moralizations of the democracy, it will be ob- served, covers substantially the views which have been repeatedly expressed through our own edi torial columas, and fixes the responsibility ia re- gard to the present forlorn condition of the party exactly where it belongs. We also entirely con- our with our C ston colemporary in his opi- uion that from these factions and sectional de- moré¢lizations among its reckless leaders “the democratic party no party cohesion, and fs | no party a is reduced to a confused | aggregat of conti g factions, We should be sorry, however, to believe that henceforth there are only to be “two parties in the Union—a party of the North and a party of the South.” Itis trae that the Northera elec- tions of last fall, and the Northern elections of the last few days, from Connecticut to St. Louis, | indicate the consolidation of the opposition for of (he North upon the general anti-slavery doc: trines of the republican party. Itis cqually true that the Southern controlling wiog ot the demo- cratic camp has of late become so intensely | proslavery as to foreshadow its separation tervention of a new third party, upon a con- stiiutional and Union platform. The materials for this movement are abundant in both sections, and need only a judicions general plan of or- ganization to amalgamate them into a powerfal party. But let the Presidential contest*be limit- ed toa gale between the Northern republi- can party and the Charleston Convention, and the next step after the election will most proba- bly be a general and disastrous Southern dis- union agitation. With regard to the Charleston Convention, the Mercury cays: ve are not sure that any such convention will m but that, “if it does, un- leve it is limited exclusively to delegates from | the South, it will be no convention of the demo- cratic party.’ se opinions are very signifi- cant and suggestive; but, assuming that there | will be a convention, can we, looking at the je ts and issues which will control it, expect result than the definite organization ly Southern sectional party? and damages. On inquiry our that no suit is commenced, and that only a threat ening letter has been sent to the lawyers of the comyuny. The Board of Education met last evening. The epecial business f the evening was the election of | a Clork of the Deposit There were three can- didates, and H. C. Boyd was elected on the first ballot by a vote of to7and4. The salary | officer is $1,100 a year. An application from | 100! officers of the Twenty id ward, ask- for authority to rent the Methodist church in | ansas question, the tariff, the fillbus- Bixty-Seventh street at $200 year, for the pur | ters, and that new Southern element of agita- pore of opening a new school there with a view of | tion, the revival of the African slave trade, will, affording the children of Bloomingdale educa” | we fear, operate to reduce the Charleston Presi- tional facilities, was referred to the Committee on New Schools. ‘The school officers of the Twenty- | dential ticket and platform to an intensely sec- | tional movement; or that, failing in this, under second ward also acut in a communic ation wking the two-thirds rule, the Southern ultras will se- an appropriation of $1 for repairing Ward | > ie Ie ri 2 i f Behool No. 17 in Forty-seventh strect. It was re- | C°de from the convention, and set up for ferred to the Committee on Repairs. 1 of | themselves. A majority of the democratic the time of the Board was chiefly | candidates for the succession, if not all of bating the propriety of paying i for the shovelling of snow, raising points of ond getting through the usual amount of long windy Bpeeches on trivial matters, for which their meet ings are becoming fumous. The Commissioners of Emigration met yester day in their new rooms at Castic Garden for the first time. The Mayor of brooklyn was prevent and the rooms were inaugurated by a collation. A | resolution authorizing the Committe Garden, the Mayors of New Yor Brooklyn, and the Vice President of the Board, to leonse Oifty emigrant runners and five steamtug boats, was e on Castle edopted. A resolution was also adopted autho: | : izing the appointment of an architect to examine the roof of the building at Castle Garden, and ro- port upon its condition and the amount of repairs it may require. The number of emigrants who arrived during the week is 981, making the whole number who have arrived during the present year 7,193, which is 825 less than the number who arived during the same period last year. The num- Ver of inmares in the institution on Ward's Island them, are, more or less, opposed to the edministration of Mr. Buchanan, and those who have pro themeelyes most faithful to his dome and foreign policy are the | very men who are regarded with the least favor | by the Sonthern ultra managers of the party. | We cannot perceive, therefore, how the Charles. | ton Convention oan make any ay conces ! sions to the Northern democracy withont driving | off the Southern fire-eaters, nor how these fire- eaters ean be appeased without sacrificing the Northern wing of the party. We must conclude, accordingly, that the convention will result in | the division of the party by Mason and Dixon’s line, or in a ticket and platform so intensely pro- slavery aa to cut off every Northern State. The only hope of a national democratic re- union in 1860 depends upon a general reunion sround the administration of Mr. Buchanan. But | the proceedings of the late Congress, and the present movements and declarations of the Southern leaders and organs of the party, afford bo epcouragement in this direction, The foolish and impotent efforts of disappointed and reck leas leadera to break down the admisistra tion bave broken up the party; but the in- dividuals and cliques most concerned have shown no symptoms of returving reason. On the con- trary, they seem to be more determined than ever that the administration shall be ignored and set aside by the Charleston Convention, re- gardless of the consequences, We may thus, at this day, regard Mr. Buchanan as relieved of all furtber obligations and re- sponsibilities in reference to the Southern managing clique of the democratic camp. He bas done everything to conciliate them within the limits of bis constitutional obligations to the country at largo. They have not been satis: fied, and have turned against him. Let them go their way. He can do without them. He bas nothing to ask and nothing to fear from the Charleston Convention. He saved the party from destruction in 1856. He has marked out a general line of policy upon which the party might be saved in 1860; but if the Southern managers of the party will not have it so, let the party be destroyed. Assuming that the inevitable result of the Charleston Convention will be a Southern sec- tional filibustering and African slave-trading ticket for the Presidency, the whole broad field of the North will be left in the undisputed oc- cupation of the Northern’ sectional anti-slavery republican party, unless a third party shall inter- pose to save the country. There is an omiucus silence of late among the republican organs io reference to their Presidential candidates. They are held in the background, while the party is closing up its ranks. It is fall of hope and con- fidence from the demoralized and crippled condi- tion of the forlorn democracy. But in the meau time, in Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisi- ana, and in other Southern States, a third party movement has been developed, which, between these two sectional parties, may save the day. Ta this view, abandoning all further hope ia con nection with cither the Souhern sectional demo- eratic party or the Northern sectional republi- can party, we await, not without hope, the indi- cations in bebalf of this new third party, which. within a few weeks, will be furnished by the Vir- ginia election. The Triumpb of Mr. Bachanan’s Naval Di- plomacy in Paraguay—Necesslty of the Seme Action in Central Americas The pacific solution of our difficulties with Paraguay, which we published yesterday, reads us a striking lesson on the course that should be pursued in the reatment of our Geatral Ameri- can imbroglio. it is to our naval diplomacy that all the credit of this prompt and peaceful ar- rangement is due. We might hare sent twenty Commissioners and twenty Ministers out there, without the backing of our ten inch guns end the ready lads of the navy to handle them, and they would all have come back as Mr. Minister Pendleton came back two years ago—each with a flea in hisear, But President Lopez, as well as every other man, whether public or private, has a high respect for those who respect themselves. ‘The doctrine of turning the other cheek when one is struck is admirably in place in our moral teachings, but it is entirely out of place in the code of international intcroourse. The cases Of Pre- sidents Mora, of Costa Rica, and Marti- nez, of Nicaragua, are exactly parallel to that of President Lopez. Indeed, we may say that their casea are more flagrant than his, for Lopez, in his contumely towards our govern- went, had not to ignore benefits received, as they did, before he poured bis abuee upon it. wice was the soil of Central America freed from the presence of Walker by the direct inter. vention of the national forces of this couatry, and without which it is pow proved that he could not have been driven out. Afler this Mora and Martinez signed the declaration appended to the Belly contract, mendaciously declaring that their territories and governments were in violent danger from the filibuster movements openly promoted by th government of the United States, and that they had been menaced by the American Minister himself with a new invasion. In consequence of these asserted dangers they calied upon England, France and Sardinia, for protection against us. Confiding in obtaining that protection, which they are even now esta- blishing by public treaties with each of those Powers, they have repeatedly insulted our Minis- ter and our government, and, refusing to adjust or acknowledge the former claims of our citizens, have created new ones by the most uncalled for acts of spoliation, For this unfortunate state of things there is no remedy bnt the naval style of diplomacy. Any of our ready and energetic naval officers can re- medy it in twenty-four hours, if they are only told to do so. Their simple presence in the estuary of La Plata carried a reapect for the American name to the very headquarters of that river, and has secured the lives and inte- rests of our citizens there for a generation at least. A brilliant expedition is now on its way home, and within a short period will be back in our harbors, Themen have become well drilled and used to their officers. The officers have just got a practical knowledge of the qualities and capabilities of their ships. Hardly a rope yarn has been wasted. They are prepared, cap-a-pie, for the very kind of service that is required of them in Central Amcrica—a service which, if not performed now, will have to be done ata later period. If this expedition is disbanded, the ships dismantled and laid up, and the officers and men scattered in various directions, the great expense of preparation and the delay of gathering will have to be gone through with again, The Central American imbroglio cannot be peacefully eettled withont an exhibition of force and of a determination to use it if necessary. Delay will only increase the obstinacy of the unwise rulers of those republics, the dangers there to our present and future interests, and the obstacles we shall eventually encounter in their removal. Matters in the American Mediter- Tanean are rapidly assuming a shape that may compel the President to convene Congress by the beginning of October, in order that it m ay take action on those very questions which his saga city foresaw long sinco to be pregnant with danger, and which he wisely urged that hody to act upon, by a special meesage, nour the close of the last session. If the President will assume the reeponsibility of ordering the Paragnay equad- ron to visit the Central American ports he may save the country from the necessity of an extra session, the expense of a new expedition, and perhaps from a conflict with some or several of the Enropean Powers, saving great public and private interests from a danger which now threatens to involve them. ant The Journalist of the Uutted States. Daring tte four cepturies which bave rolled away since the art preservative of ail arts—the invention of printing--schieved its earlier vieto- ries upon the banks of the Rhine, the world of letters bas seen many and wonderful changes, For our English classics we go back to the Eliza- betbao ers, to the days of rare Ben Jouson and glorious Milton, stately Dryden and sweet Will Shakepere. Books in those days were expensive luxuries—authors were badly paid--printers made fortunes, The newspaper was a mere official gazette, or an ephemeral expression of the gossip of the coffee house, or the elang of the river and the street. From this condition the newspaper did not emerge in a handred years or more. Indeed, a’ the commencement of the present cen- tury, journalism, as a special vocation, was un- known. The editor of the official gazette was called the printer of it; he simply superintended the publication of a number of notices, adver- tisementa, etc. In the United States, subsequent to the Revolution, the newapapers were entirely at the disposal of the political parties of the day; and 60 fierce were their contentions that Presi- dent Adams thought it necessary to lock up a number of editore, who were released by Mr, Jefferson. There was no special improvement in the press of the country for thirty years after that day. The English newspapers—the London Tines at the head—had progressed remarkably, and had become a power in the realm. The Amvican journal, however, was a'ways con- trolled by a knot of political wire pullers, who used it to forward their own ends, and viewed it in no other light than that of a party machine. The publishers and editors were usually politi- cians; butin any event, for pecuniary reasons, always bad the same narrow views as the politi- cians. Thus the circulation of the newspaper was circumscribed and its influence contracted. No man could be found who had the ability and the pluck to establish a newspaper and make it successful on its own merits, and altogether separate from parties or cliques of any kind—political, social, commercial, religious or financial. It was avery simple thing, plain and eary as the principle of the steam engine, yet no one did it, and the United States was without a living newspaper until the first num- ber of the New Yorg Hrrarp appeared, twenty and three years ago. From the smallest begiu- nings, but upon a definite and an original plan, which was never once departed from, this journal steadily progressed to its present position, when we can say with truth that the sun never sets upon all of our readers at the same time. ‘The Henaxp was the pioneer of the independent press in thia country. Up to the time when it was established there was no such thing known asa daily journel which sustained itself by it- self. We asked for the aid of no class—mer- chants, politicians or traders; in time their support, and the support of the whole pub- lic, came to us by the action of the na- tural laws of trade. People who desired the Henaxp bought it. Its advertising columns only were open to all who saw fit to call attention to their wants or their wares. The paper grew with the growth and strengthened with the strength of this great metropolis, the young giant of the Wcst, to whose gates pours the commerce of the world. And we may say, in passing, that it is the city of New York which has made the New Youx Henaxp what it is—a aolf sustaining concern, like any of the great mercantile houses. If our circulation beyond the city limits should suddenly be cut off it would be a matter of small consequence to us. Subsequent to the establish- ment of this journal several imitations of it have sprung up, without, however, injuring its preetige. As we were the first to print a real newspaper, so we have led in every enterprise to extend the sphere of the press and to increase the facilities for the swift and correct transmis- sion of news from point to point. At every im- portant point our correspondents are on the alert, and we are ready to send special commis- sioners to the antipodes if circumstances require such an effort, While the independent press has thus been growing to be the first power in the country, the political press, which was once quoted, up- he'd and sworn by, has gradually fullen in pub- lic estimation until it is now nothing more than the tool in the hands of pimps and spoilsmen. Once, and in our day, the people were ruled by a few persons, who made a political oligarchy, and used the press to set forth their decrces. Only one side of a question ever saw the light of types. Now the independent press gives every possible view of a great public question, sifts it, argues it, analyzes it, ventilates it, and never leaves it until the public thoroughly un- derstands it. Discussion of the topics of the day is entirely free. So people think for themselves. Vormerly their thinking was done by an implied contract, as in the Old World. That diffusion of ideas, that quick perception, that acute intel- lectuality, that ever ready and almost invariably just public opinion for which our people, distinct from the politiciane, are distinguished, come from the two great levers of civilization—the in- dependent press and the free public school. Of what consequence to-day is the Washington press? Who in the world cares what the Union or the Intelligencer, ov, indeed, any other political journals, say about avy of the questions of the day? No one; because it is known that they are dependent upon their masters for their bread, and their opinions are bought with a price and ex- pressed under the whip of party. And this is the real reason why the metropolis will not sup- port an avowed party organ. The people can get up their political ideas for themselves. From a journal they want the news of the day, and they will support nothing but a newspaper, pure and simple. Nor has this press revolution been confined to the United States. The Heranp is known and accepted as the exponent of American ideas in London, Paris, St. Petersburg, Vienna and Ber- lin. When Doctor Hammel, who was the pre- ceptor of the present Czar of Russia, visited the United States, soma six years ago, he came very often to the Herp office, and studied our sys tem thoroughly. He carefully scrutinized every- thing that transpired in the part of the country which he visited, and it is to him, beyond doubt, that the Czar owes many of the liberal ideas which have already distinguished his policy. Onr readers must bave been struck, as we were, with the tone of an article upon the Italian question which recently appeared in the Journal of St. Petersburg. With one breath it blow away all the sophistries that official and semi- official Continental gazettes had woven around the question, and declared, what is quite true, that the treaties which had been so much harped upon had been so frequently broken by one party or another that they were good for nothing. No other European journal would put the mattor 60 plainly, because they are all, even NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. in England, eminently aristocratic, only as they aré bidder by some powor bebind the | throne, ‘The article was euoh an one as we nvight | bave printed on any home question; but such is the eect of association that it eeemed strangely’ | out of place in a Russian paper, Twenty years ago att bands enguged on the paper would have been seat off to Stberia the next day after the | article hud appeared—that is, if its MS. had csonped the eye of the censor. Let few more such articles appear, aud be circulated on the Continent, and there are few throues that can stund the shock, The influence of the independent press here bas likewise been exercised to stimulate the inventive faculties of our mechanics. With the extension of our circulation came pressing demands for a swifter priating press, and with the demand came the supply, ia the shape of Hoe’s world-renowned machine, Countless other improvements have been intro- duced by us, and our mechanical department is | visited as, and declared to be, a model of perfec- tion by accurate judges from all parts of the civilized world. Lately the agent and corres- pondent of the London Zima obtained cireum- | stantial details of our mechanical operations for the use of his employers of the “Thuuderer.” The American system of advertising has likewise been imitated in the leading Loudon papers, aud the Telegraph, a penny paper, conducted on the cash system, seems to be ina fair way of success, At home the sphere of the indepeudent press is widening every day. It is the exponent of popular ideas, and aa such commands the popu- lar heart. It appeals to individuals, not to masses, and says, in effect, hear all sides, then judge for yourselves. And this press has broken down the influence of the politicians. Their tricks are known at once, and at once exposed. Chi- canery and charlatanry are powerless before this quick and sudden public monitor. It disor- ganizes parties, dissolves cliques and dissevers corrupt political organizations. Before its reve- lations King Caucus and King Convention are as the reed befure the wind. And one day or another it will restore, as it has always defended and upheld, the simple principles upon which the republic was founded. So that, free from the dragooning influence of small politicians and petty intrigues, the people will go to the polls and choose their own man to! fill the chair of Washington, There are certain signs that this happy event will not be long postponed, but that in the very next Presidential election there will be such a popular uprising, | by understood ooncert between individual minds, as will overthrow at one blow ali the deep laid plans of the spoilsmen, who are even now parcel- ling out the proceeds of victory, before the battle has been commenced. Thus Las commenced the misgion of the inde- pendent press, Nothing cau arrest it. It is a vital power—an institution of the country. We are for all time. We have only to keep the ma- cbine going, and onr course is ouward and up- ward. No changes of government, no crises, wars or revolutions can affect us. Day by day we feel that our sphere of usefulness is enlarged, and with it our responsibilities increased. We believe that the independent press is the leading power in the United States, and it is our firm in- tention that the Heravp shall be always in the front of the battle. Democratic Canpiates ror Tun Prest- DENCY.—It ia extensively reported among our | newspaper exchanges that something like “acon- certed movement” among the democracy of the Southwest has been disclosed in favor of the nomination by the Charleston Convention of Hon. James Guthrie, of Kentucky, for the next Presidency, and that “operations are in progress to influence the North in his favor.” The report is a plausible one, and, assuming that another democratic candidate may thus he added to the list already on the slate, let us take a brief re-* view of the catalogue. The chief recommendations of Mr. Guthrie are that he is located on the right side of the slavery line for the Charleston Convention; that he isa millionaire; that he is an extensive holder of slave property; and yet, as a Southern man, sufli- ciently moderate in his views upon slavery to be acceptable to the Northern democracy. His chief drawbacks are that he was a member of the Pierce administration, and that in the matter of the dismissal of Judge Bronson as Collector of the port of New York he is responsible for the reopening of those divisions in the New York party camp which it was supposed had been heated in the election of poor Pierce. But there is yet another difficulty in the way of Mr. Guthrie. It is Vice President Breckinridge, of the same State, whose aspirations for the Charles- ton nomination are said to be of a very hopeful character. Thus, between Breckinridge and Guthrie, the Kentucky democracy will be more likely, in a short time, to find themselves in the wrangling condition of the Virginia democracy between Wise and Hunter, than in any improved position for the Presidential nomination. Among the other democratic candidates and aspirants booked for Charleston are Slidell, of Louisiana; Davis, of Mississippi; Stephens and Cobb, of Georgia, and jast, though not least, Hammond, of South Carolina. Bright, of Indiana belongs to the firm of Slidell and Com- pany;and Douglas, of Illinois, it is said is in the copartnership of Wise and his partisans—a combination which has already secured a power- ful lodgment in the city of New York. The Hunter movement appears to be limited to Vir- ginia; and before either Cobb or Stephens can expect io go further, the one or the other must secure the voice of Georgia. Breckinridge has the advantage of a tried and/substantial national popularity; hut Mr. Guthrie, we suspect, is brought forward under the tremendous engineer- ing of George Sanders. As for Senator Ham- mond, we apprehend that his political views are too broad, comprehensive, conservative and inde pendent to meet with any favor among the Southern ultras of the Charleston synagogue; and that in reference to the democratic party in 1860, we shall fully realize the force of the old axiom, that “too many covks spoil the broth.” Ovenixa ov Tum Canars—We perceive that the Canal Con.missionors have fixed the 15th of April ae the date when the Erie canal shall be opened for navigation, The Ponnsylvania canals opened on the Ist of April, and the Wel- land, we believe, on the 4th. This gives those canale an advantage of two wecks’ navigation before us—a circumstance which must militate considerably against the commercial and carry- ing interests of our State. By the Welland canal Western produce can reach tidewater through the St. Lawrence, and by the Pennsylvania canals, through that State, fifteen days in ad- vance of ite transmission through New York, owing to the dilatoriness of our Commissioners. Why is this? Will the Caual Commissioners give us the reason’ » “> Meeistion in the Old Police Furee Cave. ceather colume the important We pritties tm m... T+ hig decirion of the court of Laat rators m + Stalg on the owe of Ma tene, & member of the old Municipal Police, agains’ We Metropolitan Police Commissioners, taken up to at court on appeal from the decision of the Suprent# Court, by the commissioners, This decision declares that the members of the old foree continued to be, by the provisions af the law, and are now, inembera of the Metropoli tan force—that is to #ay, all such as bave not re signed or been legally dixemissed—and that they are entitled to all their buck pay up to the prea- ent time, which amounts in the aggregate to about $878,000. Five Judyes of the Court ef Appeals concur in this decision—Judges Strong, | Gray, Comstock, Seldea aud Allen; and three diseent therefrom—Jobusov, Denio and Grover; | and the decision is therefore final. When the Metropolitan Police Commissioners came into power they attempted to diemise | these members of the old force, who, aet- ing under the counsel of Mayor Wood, re- | fused to acknowledge their authority until the courts pronounced upon the constita- tionality of the law; and they | sent notifications to this effect to the captains of the different preeincts, It appears that the captains did not deliver these papers to the men, who considered themselves still 2s policemen; an though refusing obedience to the commands of the new Board, acted in conformity with the gencral orders of the old commission, and held that they wero members of the force. The new commissioners declared them removed, and refused to pay them; and bence these actions of Gorman vs. the Me- tropolitan Police Commiestoners, and MoCuse against the same, which were brought to test the question, and both of whitch the Supreme Court in this city decided favorably for the plaintiff. These decisions establish that the new Police law of 1857 retaiued in office all the members of the old force then doing duty, and that the removal of any of them by the Police Commissioners was void. It was contended farther, in defence, that the refasal of the men to recognise the authority of the new Board was legally a resignation of office; but this point alse has now been settled adversely to the Commis- sioners by the Court of Appeals. In accordance with this decision, all the mem- bers of the old furce who have not accepted office in the new are restored, and their arreara of pay must be handed over to all such of them as have not assigned their claims to the Metropo- litan Commissioners for some consideration, About three bundred of the old force have gone over to the Metropolitan Police Commissioners, and about fifty have assigued their claims, The enbstence of the recent decision is, that the members of the Municipal Police force eon- tinued in office under tbe new luw until they were either dimiased iu regular form, upon due notification and trial, or had formally resigned; ond that, as the plaintiff in this case (who re- presents the whole, with a few exceptions,) has not been proved to have resigned, or had nob been legally notified and tried previous to the pretended removal, he is still a member of the police force, and is entitled to his pay from June, 1857, to the present time; or, in the words of Judge Strong, “that the plaintiff is fiirly entitled to restoration to the office from which he has been irregularly ejected, aud to the emoluments appertaiiing to such office.” We learn thet, in this emergency, the Police Commissioners contemplate trying and dismiss- ing all the refractory members of the old force, as there is no appeal from the decision of the Court of Appeals. This, however, will be rather a tedious business, On the whole, our police affairs have reached that complicated condition which we always predicted would be the resulé of the interference of Albany legislation with our municipal rights, and the consequent appli- cation to the courts for redress, It is hardly necessary to say that the $878,000 due to the members of the old force will have to be added to the tax levy now befure, the Legis- Jature. Tur New Cuanrer—Iuportant MrssacGe o¥ mux Mayor.—On nother page we pablish aa important message from the Mayor to the Com- mon Council of New York. The subject is the despotiem of Albany legislation for this city, to which we have so often adverted. The imme- diate theme is the new charter which itis at- tempted to force npon an unwilling people. Changes of the most sweeping mature are pro- posed ia the organic law of the city goverament, without consulting either (he poople who are to be governed by it or the authorities who repre- sent them. Not even has the public notice been given which is required by law. There bas beea no petition from the citizens of New York for this new charter; and to impose it upon them without their consent is an odious tyranny aud an outrage upon three-quarters of a million of people in thisdemocratic republic. Sach abso- lutism is more suited to the atmoephere of St. Petersburg or Vienna than to the free air of the commercial metropolis of the United States. The freedom of cities is the foundation of the liberty of States. Tuke away the tormer and the latter soon falls, and with it the whole fabric of the Union. Jt was in the citics of Hurope that free- dom first arose, and extended thence to the peo- ple at large. Let the despots at Alba- ny strike down tho municipal rights of our cities, and they strike a blow at liberty itself, Their tyranny has increased by degrees till it has become an intolerable nuisance, which must be abated. If the people do not put them down, they will coon put the people uader their feet. In this charter a few good points are inserted, in order to make the rest go down—so many sops to Cerberus to keop him from barking, But even theee will not be retained when the law finally pastes—they will be all struck ont, They are put in at present to conciliste hostility and avert Opposition, till the object in view is ac- complished, and the freedom of the city is over- thrown, Tho chartor we have is by no meana perfect, but it gives some guarantees of liberty. What is now proposed, so far from remedying its defects, rather aggravates them, and introduces new evilo of far greater magnitude, This precious charter, which is a complete usurpation of municipal rights, confounds all the distinctions between legislative and executive functions—it legislates men out of office and into office—in violation of the constitutioa—it con- finues in an elective office till 1863 an officer whore term expires on the Ist of January next— it takes the legislative control out of the hands of the Common Council, and vests paramount power in the hands of its subordinates—it takes out of the hands of the Mayor the power of re- moving the head of a department for any caus® whatever, #0 that cach may do with Impunity whatever ho thinks fit, ‘The salaries, which hava ai See —