The New York Herald Newspaper, March 31, 1859, Page 1

WHOLE NO. 8243. IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. * ARRIVAL OF THE KANGAROO AND PERSIA. ONE WEEK LATER NEWS, THE ITALIAN QUESTION. * ANOTHER MANIFESTO FROM NAPOLEON. _, ATTITUDE OF THE GERMAN POWERS. Austrian Official Statement of the Question. * RUSSIA INTERPOSES FOR PEACE . _ VIEWS OF THE PRUSSIAN MINISTRY. Secret Compact Between Sardinia and France. t Warlike Movements All Over the Continent. THE EFFECT ON YHE FUNDS, a aes RAVAGES OF CHOLERA IN JAPAN. « Reception of the American Mfinis- ter to Madrid. \ Weer ee ANOTHER WAR BETWEEN MEXICO AND SPAIN, den &., &. ‘The British steamships Kangaroo, Capt. Joffrey, and Persia, Capt. Judking, arrived yesterday from Liverpool. ‘The Kangaroo sailed on the léth, and the Peraia on the ‘Mtb instant. ‘The news ig one week later, and of considerable import- ance. ‘The aspect of affairs in Europe continues warlike, and the most extensive preparations for hostilities were being *) made in France, Austria, England and throughout Italy. ‘The Pope has announced before the Consistory that he did not claim the fulfilment of the demand for the evacuation of the Papal States. His only intention was to prevent a eollision of the two Catholic empires in his own dominions. « ‘The Pope also said that he had entrusted his destiny to Providence, and that orders have been given for public prayers for the maintenance of peace. Is is asserted in some quarters that a note of the Papal government has been lately addressed to the Duke de Gramont, requesting the evacuation of the States of the “ @horch by the French troops as early as possible. In a letter from Rome we arc told that the Pope is about to send a Cardinal to Viennaand another to Paris, to arrange with the Austrian and French governments tho mode of evacuating the Roman States. It is not im Probable that the mode of evacuation will be undecided ‘until a more important question is settled—tiat of peace or war. ‘The account given of a modification of the conditions of the evacuation of Rome is confirmed, and it is said that in accordance with the wishes of his Holiness the French troops are to prolong their stay in the Roman States. One of the London correspondents gives the following important paragrapbs:— . ‘An ugly feature, which scems likely to fortify the Em- of the French in his designs against Austria, is . Bona im the fact that the Russian government has for- Didden the exportation of horses. This is iooked upon as @ measure expressly intended to embarrass the Vienna Cab inet. It is likewise to be observed that the Russian journal Le Nord, published at Brussels, has formally taken an op- portunity of expressing doubts as to the correctness of a recent report that Ruesia was prepared to throw her in- fluence into the scale im favor of the attitude taken by Germany in the existing crisis. Sardinia has completed her loan of $10,000,000, hag called out ber reserve, and has contracted in France for 50,000 revolvers, Additional reports also state that the 4 garrison of Turin isin maroh for the ticino, whither all e cavalry bas preceded it, and that a requisition has been addressed by the government to the Emporor of the French for an auxiliary corps d’armée of 76,000 men. Various rumors were afloat in Paris, Thursday, tho ‘17th. It was said that the Lyons Railway Company has received orders to keep its line in readiness for the trans. Port of 75,000 men. It was also asserted that the equatron which recently left Toulon is to proceed to Algiers for the Purpoge of embarking troops at that place. The Emperor would receive the Prussian Ambassador, Count Pourtales, in a private audience, that day. It was further assorted that the Conferences for examining the election of Priace Couza have been adjourned to an indefinite period. The Austrians had commenced preparations to lay mines for the purpose of blowing up the bridge of Buifa Jora over the Ticino. Austria, full of distrust as to tho success of the negotia- tions, continues to concentrate her forces upon the fron- tiers of Piedmont. A hundred and ten 36 pounder guns ‘ have arrived at Pavia, 6,000 mon have been quartered at Lodi, and 7,000 will shortly assemble at Mantua, Ten thousand siege shells, it is stated, gre to be distributed to the army, and the Dirifo assumes that they are to be + used in an attack upon Alessandria. At Pogli and at Tricste armaments continue without ceasing; and, having regard to the poesibility of a sud- den descent upon the coasts of Illyria and of Dalmatia, 4 Austria has ordered 70,000 earth bags, and 1,200 block houses or wooden forts, to be constructed for the defence of the different parts of the shore. Each of these forts ‘will contain fifty soldiers. ‘The Vienna correspondent of the London Times, in his ‘despatch dated the 15th, says that the impression that peace will not be long maintained is stronger than ever. Austria is fully prepared for war, but she will faithfully keep the promise given to the British government not to act aggressively. It was the impression at Vienna that it would be uselees to put questions in the British Parlia- ment respecting Lord Cowley’s mission until the British ambassador bas bad an opportunity of conversing with the Emperor Napoieon. The Italian regiments are boing Gent into the inner provinces of the empire. The munici- paloouneil of Trieste have received orders to have 2,000 ‘beds constantly prepared tor passing troops. The Ammonia of Turin states that preparations have Deen made for transporting in cave of noed the soat of government to Genoa, a city which is not, iike Turin, open to the inroads of an enemy, In reply to the remonstrances against the enrolment of the subjects of the Duke of Modena in the Sardinian army, ‘M. Cavour is said to have declared that the Piedmontese Government considered the Italian volunteers as emi- @rants,and not deserters. The explanation rolative to the enlistment of Austrian deserters is, that the govern- ‘mont can neither send them back, nor, without danger t» Public tranquillity, leave thom unoccupied. 4 Nord eays tho Cabinet of Tarin has sent to Paris a memoir, in which it exposes all the aggressive acts of Austria for some months past. Orders have arrived at Borne to buy up forthe Sard Bian government all the horses that can bo procured, ATMe oMcial Picdmonteso Gazelle contradicts the Bugs Gestions of the Presse of Paris, of the 16th March, an: points out that the policy of the Sardinian government has never beon cither provocative or revolutionary, but always national and liberal. The confidence which it in- epires and the admirable concord which provails through. ‘out the country show that this policy is approved of. The Sardinian government accepts with satisfaction th mani fostations of sympathy and tho offers of co-operation of all men of good faith, without rogard to what their past Ife may havo been, but at the samo time ite firm deter- mination is not to concert with those incorrigible inai- Viduals who prejudice the national cause by disturbances Of sect or faction, Mr. Proston, tho Minister of the United States to Spain, ‘was received on the 17th by the Queen," ina private audi @aco, In tho name of President Buchanan ho assured hor ‘Majesty of the President's desiro to maintain friendly rota. ftlons with Spain, oud expressed his own Personal conyic- PRICE TWO CENTS. tion that the general wish of the people of the Waited States was to preserve the bonds of friendship at present existing betwen the United States and Spain, and to do everything in their power to avoid any misunder-tantiog between the two countries, The Queen repled in terms flattering both to the United States and its Minister. It was believed that the misunderstanding between Spain and Mexico had been nearly settled; but by a recent telegraphic despatch from Madrid we learn that the government has given orders for a definitive settlement of the Mexican question; that an imposing squadron is being organized, and that great preparations for war are in pro- gress. The financial world bas been disturbed by a strange incident. M. Milbaud, the floancial backer of M. Felix Belly, and the great capitalist, the proprietor of the Pays, and all sorts of ministerial papers, the mainspring of vari ous great undertakings, bas been arrested. True, he bas been liberated, after being subjected to an interro. gatory; but his affairs will be sudjected to astill more searching investigation. The Duke of Nassau having been thrown by hia horse, bas had bis head and foot severely injured. It is still doubttul whether the accident will prove fatal or not. ‘The prosecution of the members of the Phenix Club in Ireland had failed, in consequence of the disagreement of the jury. They were to be tried again on the 30th. The Emperor Napoleon wou!d review the Imperial Guard onthe 19th. It was the anniversary of the entry into Paris of Napoleon 1. on his escape from Elba. Taere was some expectation that the Emperor would address the troops. The Paris correspondent of the London Daily News says it may now be considered certain that Prince Napoleon will be created Viceroy of Algeria. Advices bad been received from Naples to the 15th inst. The operation which the King has undergove has been in- effectual, A tumor in the groin is feared, and also that gangrene or caries may set in in tho thigh. Curdival Riario has ordered prayers for his Majesty’s recovery. The public funds fell two francs, The accounts from Berne relative to the health of the King of Pruseia, says a letter from Berlin, are very unfa- vorable. The intellectual strength of his Majesty appears to be completely exbausted, The King of Portugal has accepted the resignation of the Ministry. The Duke of Terceira is charged with the formation of a new Cabinet. The following are the mom. bers of the new Ministry:— President of the Councii and Minister of War, Duke of Terceira. ‘Minister of Interior, Fontes. Justice, Ferrao, Finances, Ribeiro. Public Works, Serpa, Marine, Ferreira. Advices have been received fromthe Caucasus. On the 19th of February Géneral Jeffloktmotf, with bis corps @armée, laid siege to the town of Weden (?) Schamyl’s capital. ‘The place is fortified, and the besieged appeared determined t make a stubborn resistance, A Danish versel bad been driven away from the coast of Japan, po treaty having been concluded with Denmark, 150,600 men died of cholera in Jeddo during one month. Sir Henry Storks bas instructed a mixed commiesion to submit to him proposais or administrative reforms for the Tonian Islands. A letter from Naples, in the Brussels Indépendance says:— last week Vesuvius was the ecene of a deplorable event. Aw American, who, it is said, had the evening be- fore received disastrous news from home, threw himself, while in the presence of @ number of travellers of diferent countries, into a current of lava, His body was of couree aimoet instantly consumed. Mr, Scott Ruseell is to finish the Great Eastern. The Ceylon, with India mails, pas¥ed Hurst Castle at 5:46 P.M. The Cunard steamship Africa, from New York, arrived out at Liverpoolat seven o’clock on the morning of the 14th, and the screw eteamer Saxonia, from New York, reached Southampton on the same morning. ‘The ecrew eteamship City of Manchester arrived out at Liverpool at one o'clock on the afternoon of the 17th, and the Fulton reached Southampton on the morning of the 18th. ‘The clipper ship Dreadnaught arrived at Liverpool on the 12th of March, her passage from New York being called thirteen days and eight hours, mean time. Her advices were only anticipated one day by the steamer Lebanon, THE ITALIAN WAR QUESTION. Important Mantfestoes from France, Austria nd Prurstn—Warlike Preparations—Opin- tons of the French and English—The Latest News. ANOTHER MANIFESTO FROM NAPOLEON, {From the Paris Moniteur, March 15.) A part of Germany this day presents a spectacle which afi and astoutshes us. A vogue, indefinite question, which affects tho moet delicate problems as well 48 the most elevated interests, bes suddenly aroused the political world. The French government sees in this a subject for examination and ty of vigilance. France is eogaged tn the consid the diequieting situation of Italy, whicn she seeks to settle, in concert with her allies, and in the interest of the repose of Earope. Is it posstble to show a more sin cere desire pencetully to overcome the difficulties, and foresee the complications which always resuit from’ the want of foresight and decision ? Nevertheless, a part of Germany responds to her calm attitude by the mort unreflesting alarms. On a simple oresumption that nothing can Jasuiry and everything re. buts, prejudices are ned, doubts are propagated, and passions are Jet soowe—a kind of crusade against France is commenced in the Chambers and in the press of some of the States of the Confederation. France 18 accused of entertaining ambitious views, which sbe has disavowed, of preparing for conquests of which she bas no need, and it is attempted by these calamnies to terrify Europe with imagmary aggressions, which were hever meant to be attempted. The men who lead astray in this manner the patriotism of Germany mi-take the period in which they live. It is true, as respects them, that they have forgotten nothing and have learned nothing. They fell asleep in 18t3, and they awake, after a slumber of nearly half » century, ‘With, sentiromats bee. passions buried in history, and in opposition to the times in which we live. These are vi. sionaries, who wish to defend that which no one wishes to attack. If the French government were not convinced that ite acts, its principles, and the fee! of the great majority of the German ple disavowed tho suspicions of which they would endeavor to render it the object, it would have a right to fee! offended; it would see in this not only an injustice, but likewise an attack on the independence of its policy. In eflect the movement which it is gought to excite on the Rhine with respect to ‘a question which does not menace Germany, but in which France 3s interested ag a Kuropean Power, tend to nothing Jess than to contest with her the right of making her influ ence felt in Europe and to defend her own interests, even With the moet extreme moderation. This is a preteusion bbe ee be wounding to her if it could be seriously put forth. The existence ofa great nation like France is not re stricted to her frontiers, but manifests itself in the world at large by salutary actions which ehe performs for the advancement of her national Power and the advantage of civilization, When a nation relinquishes this character she relinquishes her rank. To contest her right to this legitimate influence would be to mistake the rights of Frince, or to confound her with the ambitions which threaten her, and which ignore equally the characwr which France sustains, and the moderation @& which the Emperor bas given 90 many proofs since the French people elevated him to the respovsibility of supreme Powor. The Emperor whofknew how to conquer prejudices onght not to wait till they should be invoked against him. What would have bappened if on mounting the throne ho had borne with him the narrow feelings and irritating recollections which are called forth this day, to rendor hit suspected? Instead of making bimeelf the most intimate ally of Eng and, ae the interests Of civilization counseled bim to be, he would have bocome her rival, as the worldly rivalry of the two bations seemed to exact. Instead of receiving men of al) farties, he would bave repoiled with suspicion the ad vances of the servants of former dynasties. Instead o1 re establishing the tranquillity of Europe he would have overturned it, by redeeming, at the price of her security and her independence, the souvenirs of 1814 and 1815, If the Emperor, yielding to such suggestions, had wished, without cause, to renew in an ora of peace and civilization the wars and the conquests of the first empire, he would not have been worthy of our times, and be would have incurred the greatest blame which could at. tach to the head of a government. One does not reign with glory when he yiolds to rancorous foelings and to hatred, ere is no true glory for a sovereign but that ‘ich is founded on the generous appreciation of the wants of bis country and on the enlightened guaranteo of tho interests of society. We simply set forth hero a sitaation brought to light by the decisive action of the policy of the Emperor. etore that situation, so firm and #o {rank, Europe onght to tool assured of ber security, and those who wish to terrify and to:deoeive her will perhaps suffer some embarrass. ment, A8 to France, she has not yet beon moved by these vague rumors and mnjost attacks, ‘France does not bold the whole of Germany responsible for the errors and malevolence of certain manifestations which spring rather from mean re sentment than from serious fears, German patriotism, when it 8 not obscured by prejudices, knows too wll how to dis tinguigh between duties which sho ought to perform and prejudicor which would lead bor \ ‘many has nothing to fear from ws for her independence; we kaye a right to expect justice from ber ag to our iptentions,as we | have sympatby for her nationality. By showtog borsel? impartial sbe will show berself foresighted, aod wit! do Detter service to the cause of peace. Prussla nuderstood this live of policy, and she hes united herself with Enz. laud, in order 10 promulgate wise counsels at Vienna at a time when agitators were endeavoring to arouse angry passions, and to form a coalition amongst the States of the German Confederation against ua, Tos reserved artitude of Prussia is certainly more advantageous to Ger. many than the exeitement of those who, appsaling to the | malice and prejudices of 1813, expose themselves wo the ritk of irritating national feeling iv France, The French peopie are susceptible in regurd to its ho- rer, but ut the fame time moderate in the employ mant of ig strength. If threats will arouse it, it may, neverthe- less, be pacified by conciliation. [From tho Paris Si¢cle, March 16.} ‘We consioer this note to be as opportune as that of the 5th inst. wae ill-timed. The haughty tone of the latte covtraste witb the firm and measured Isvguage of th prevent document. The last pote distinguishes steel! from the former ove by ite clearness apd diguity, aud by tha keDUme moderation which giv Bitter ond aggressive pens have compromised more than ope cause; ita desirable that they shoulda never be at wilted to the official journa!, and that government, when it makes Meeif heard, sbould seek to enligbtea the pubii without departing from the calm which becomes it. uth prevent pote it 18 Dot a question of the faleeboods of jour bats por of their ravings. We trust that thie mote will pro duce on the mall German States the desired effect. They will, coubtiess, conclude by understanding that in case 0 war they are not ip the least menaced; and that th-y woul L vt wrongly in joining the manifestations which the Vienna Catinet nut only excues against France, but also againt Sar- dunia, 4 . THE AUSTRIAN ANSWER TO THE PREVIOUS ARTICLE IN THE MONITEUR. [From the Vienpa Gazette.) What was the intention of the Muniteur (March 5) in 8peukiog on the political situation? We do not tuink we are wrong in supposing that it was to give to public on ion a different direction to that which it haa previously followea. 11s taek was easier, we confess, than it was few weeks ogo. Jt had reason to be satisfied wita the success obtained both in Germany and England by the version relative to the epecial treaties between Austria and the different States of aly, aad it contd count on the facility with which public opinion would allow itself to be moved by the matter referred to, * * * “Where,” asks the Moniteur, “are the diplomatic notes, where the acts which show the desire of the French government to excite to war?” We might reply to the official orgau of the French government by arking in our tarn if it bas loet all conscience or all memory, or if in its pride it believes that the world must accept without retinc tion or in silence all that it affirms, Such is not, in oor opinion, the state of things. The spirit of truth and of right, and the desire to allow them a free course, is still prevalent. In the conviction thet it is so we call to mind the longanimity and the patience with which austria bas supported the long and incessant “provocations” and “olfences” of ber little neighbor. Where is the government which could ray that, under the same cir cumstances, it would have displayed the like longa. nimity and patience? The attitude of Austria with regard to Piedmont bas been since the batt'e of Novara up to the present moment an uninterrupted abnegation, which is unique in political ennai. It bas in fact been carried too far, for that abnegation has become a neglect of the most facred Cuties. To that point bas Austria arrived ja her relations with Sardinia, ‘Where aro the words, the acts, sbowing the desire to excite war?” is asked. is our answer to that Jesuitieal quostion. can have forgotten that Imperial ginning of the: Kustern war decla: se that she would carry the tricolored flag to the foot of the Appeo\nes if Austria refused to join her on the lower Danube? Who cau bave forgotten the encovragements which since that decla vation “the cause of Italy’? has obtained from. the oflivial and semi-official prees of France? Who can have furgot- ten the support which the Sardinian Plevipotentiaries ob. tained for that, cause at the Congress of Paris? Who can bave forgotten the words which in the speech from tho throne last year flattaypd the hopes of oppreesed nationa. litics? Who gan have'forgotten the prosecution of Orsini is wii? Who does not still re war for the cause ot Italy which #6 raiged last autuma? Who docs mtradiction given to that rumor, whilst at the game time protestations of svmpathy for the cause ‘of Italy were freely mude? Who docs not still epeak of the words addressed to the Ambassator of Austria on New Year’s day, at the Tuileries? Who does not estimate the injury which the speech from the throne of the 7th February bes done to public and private fortunes in all countries? Haa not the Moni teur just contirmed the existence of an alliance wean France and Piedmont, of which rumors were iat epread? “The Emperor,” says that offistal organ, “n: promiged the King of Sardinia’ to protect him sgainet any aggression of Austria,” And every one knows what a Wide interpretation it is intended to give at Paris and Turin to tne word “aggression.” # * We were recently told from Puris that the measures of pre caution which Austria tookin the event of peace being broken were @ provocation address ed to France, and that the could notavoid resenting it. And now we read ino German j vurbal:—* Hitherto it bas been Fraace which ex cited and kept up the apprehensions of war, but now itt the obstinacy of Austria which 1s dreaded.” Let us hop that that journal wiil before long admit the wrong which it does to Austria in that supposition. THE AUSTRIAN OFFICIAL HISTORY OF THE QUARREL, The Frankfort Journal of the 8th instant publisbes the following cespateb, which was forwardes ou 28 of February last by the Austrian Miuister of Foreign Affairs to Count Appony, the Ausuwian Minister at London :— e Lord A. Loftus has confidentially read to me a despatch in which Lord Maimesbury states that the British govern ment capnot, to it great regret, regard as diapelied toe fears of war spread smee the commencement of the year, and that he consequently fecls himeelf obliged not to relax his efforte to prevent a conflagration which certainly would not remain limited to Italy. The circular despatch addressed by Count Cavour to tho Sarcipian missions on the subject of the loan which th iedmontere government wishes to contract, with a view to military preparations, offers, according tothe opinion of Lord Malmesbury, a Javorable opportunity to renew friendly counsels to both parti The British Cabinet, without adopting the grounds of that circular, which tend to justify the joan on account of the threatening attitude Austria is said to have assumed on the Piedmontese frontier, seoms to attach importauce to ascertain the view we take of that document, and to acquire the conviction that we have no intention of at tacking Sardinia; and that, on the contrary, we should feel inclined to give our band to the Piedmontese govern ment, £0 as to allow both parties to witudraw their troops from the respective frontiers, Weare fully able to appreciate these friendly over and we willingly unite ourselves with the British government in its endeavors to spare the world, if it is poseible, the horrors of a general conilagration.’ We are glad, therefore, to bave the opportunity of entering into the subject at length, and we hope to make our pacilic in sentions perfectly clear. What are the ge compe brought againet us in Count Cavour’s circular? They are to be found im the protests iseued by that Minister against the preponderating in fluence which, according to him, Austria exercises in Italy beyond the limits which treaties have assigned her, and which constitute @ permanent monace against Sar’ dinia, Let us examine closer this strange accusation. I may be wrong, but I believe it to be in the nature of things that greai political bodies will always be called upon to exercige a certain influence on neighboring States. What 1s important to the general interests is that such inflaence thould never be usurped or abused to the detriment of the independence of another State. Austria has more than once been in a position to offer ahelping band to the Italian governments overthrown by revolution. ‘That assistance has never been forced opon any one; on the contrary, it has only been accorded at the request of legitimate authority, and with the disinterested view of maintaining public order and tranquillity, Our troops havo always been withdrawn as soon as the legitimate au- thority bas been re-established with sufficient firmness to enable it to dispense with their agsistance. Count Cavour need not go far back in the history of his country to find ‘an example of services like these rendered by Austria to the dynasty of Savoy. At that time, it is true, the modern theories of public right which Count Cavour has intro- cuced had not yet taken deep root in Piedmont. We will not stop to examine {in dotail the absurd re- proach that has been urged against us as te the confidence which it is eafe for our neighbors to feel in the integrity of our intentions, and what bas been added with regard to the treaties which exist between ourselves and certain Italian States does not appear to us to be worthy of any more serious consideration, What can there be to find fault with in, or what can be more unavailable on the score of popular right, or more conducive to the general \ntercets of order and pence, than the existence of treaties between independent States ex clugively in the interest of legitimate defence, tmposing reciprocal obfigations on both ihe contracting Powers, and vot infivencing in the slightest degree the rights of any third Power? Sut, although these treaties are not in any way oppored to thé principle of public right, we can wel inderstand tbat thoy are of a nature most obstructive t the ambitious views of a government which, not conten with being absolute within its own dominions, endeavor to aveume the character of the privileged organ of th | pretended sorrows of Italy, and arrogates to itself th right, disavowed by every other Italian government, of speaking in the name of the whole peninsula, Although Count Cavour admits the right of appealing to foreign aid when that aid is invoked in the interest of discord, be do jes it to legitimate governments which really have a mis- sion to watch over public tranquillity and guard the inter- ests of their peaceable subjects: and these strange princi- ples are proclaimed by the Cabinet of Turin at a moment when relying for support in its aggressive designs on a great beg ree! Bade ‘These contradictions are too relf-evident to allow the slightest doubt vo obtain that the complaints of the abuse of Austria’s influence are but vain and empty pretexts. What may be trie in these declamations is :—In 1848 the King of Sardinia invaded Lombardy without a deciara- tion of war, and without being able to justify that ruptare of peace except on the grounds of the national sentiment, which urged bim to come to the aid of his oppressed brethren, Tho unjust aggressor was repulsed in two vic- torious campaigns. Austria took advantago of the fruits of ber victory with a moderation which Europe has ren- Jered justice to, Peace once signed, wo took it for grant- od. On tho othor band, a third attempt nover left the pro- eramme of the Turin Cabinet, Whilo awaiting a favorn- ile moment to invade us again, Piedmont kept up an un cerband war against us by allowing free vent to calumny and ‘ngult in @ licentious press, which mado appeals to ro- volt, addressed to the populations of other Italian States and by hostile demonstrations of every description, ! countyies of Italy, which was Axed by the Powers in 18: When, only two years after be bad ascended the throne, our avgurt master, the Emperor, vinited bis Ivehan do- minions, marking bis way by acts of grace and beaevo lence, the Pied monutere press retoubied the fury of ite at- tacks, and ID its inatpers even offered a defence of regi- cule. It was then that we asked of the Curin govern- ment the simple question, what guarantees it con! us against the copvnuavon of a stato of things 80 des- troctive to the R009 feeling which we wished to subsiat | between the two governmenta; and it ia this moderate lapguoge Which Count Cavour epeaks of as an attempt on ur part to force vpon bis government a modification of the institotious of his country, The Fmperor’s Obarge Affaires was recalled from ‘Turip that he might no lopger be an occular witness of an #bnorma) state of things which the Piedmontese govern. ment declined to remedy, But this suspension of diplo metic relatiens Ui not prevent us from continuing, as be- fore, to Conerrt such measures with the Pieimmutse go- verbment af were of a nature to favor and develope inter- covree and com mercla} rejations—in a word, friendly re- lations between the two countries. Derpite these good intentions and constant moderation, despite our mexbaustinle patience, fapatical cries of war were ebouted across the fesen, especially since the com mencement of the present year, Tp coptequence of the agitation produced by the warlike tone of the roya: ‘ech op the opening of the Piedmontese Variiamept—an agitavion which the subsequent ministe- explanations were certainly not calculated to allay — the Imperial government decided upon sensing reinforce ments into the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom. This mea sure, dictated by the most ommon prudence, was one of a purely defensive nature. The asertion of Count Cavour, that it wos a hostile movement directed ayainat Szrdinia, has as little foundation as his other assertion that the garri- sons of Bologna and Ancona had been reinforced. ‘This is, in afew words, the present position of affairs. In ali bonor we ark, what can we do to improve it? Would it be ie to carry moderation and forbear. once further we have done? And Powers such a8 Great Britain who strive for peace so anxiou! and £0 bonorably, will they not feel themsvives calied vpon to stop the source of tbe evil by brmging Piedunt to a more sane appreciation of ber rights and international dunes? Let their united efforts prevent the Cabinet of Turm from continuing its aggressive conduct, in which it bas for some years persistes, abusing the good nature of ‘urope, and, We do not doubt it, the result would be tran- quility’ and peace in tbe rest of the penmsula, now bavished by the continual irritation caused by the Cabi- vet of Turin, Let us at once anticipate an objection which we foresee. The discontent of a gece of the populations, eapecially in Central and Southern Italy, bas, we shail be told, its principal source in the mal-aaministration of the govern- ments. While denying the thousand calumnies by which attempts are made toexcite public opinion against those govern- ments, we do not mean to say that everything is perfect m the orgasization and administrative system of those countries. Even where the institutions are most excellent, we must allow a wide margin for the imperfect manner ia which they are carried out. The most diiferent systems bave been practised in turn. ‘Ip consequence of the in- (roduction of institutions which operate admirably where they have been developed and matured by centuries, but which do pot seem to be homogeneous to the mind, tradi- eps and socal condition of the Italians, deplorable scenes of aparchy and disorder have occurred in the Italian pe ningula, It was not the counsels of Austria which led to those rad re of the modern history of Italy. On the other hand, we bave always frankly applauded every marked improvement in a practical point of view; we have always welcomed with satisfaction, and favored to the most of our influence, every well meant progress. When consulted we have given our opinion conacientious- ly, after a mature examination of the circumstances. ‘Those measures may not always bave produced all the vood which might have been expected from them. But who dare throw the whole responsibility upon the acts of the governments? Ji is an established truth tuat in the present day every goversment, great or small, has great oifficulties to contend against. We have shown above thot liberty as understood in Piedmont—a liberty which borders upon licentionsness and a total disregard of the rights of others—is not without serious incoaveniences for the neighboring States. We do not the less admit that Piedmont is the best judge of what system of government js Dest suited to her, Bat, however mach we may respect its independence, we ehould not think ourselves justified io iinposing ov other Italian States a system of govern- ment or poluting out the proper moment for introduciag improvements of which that system might be susceptible, However this may be, tbe great argument brought for- ward against the Papal government is that it is unabie to support iteelf, and is obliged to rely on foreign aasist- ence. To this we reply that the Cabinetwof the Vatican has already entered into negotiations with both Austria and France with a view to the evacuation of the Papal States by the troops of their countries, and the gradual regene- ration of the Pontilical army. By giving armed support to the sovereign Pointitf, driven away by the revolution, Austria aud France rea Oered.a great Service to the interests of social order. The temporal sovereignty of the Holy Father is one of the gvarantees of the free exercise of his apostolic miselon, and of the independence ef the spiritual head of the Catho- lic Church. But when the Pontifical government shall de. jure that the reorganization of its army has made suill- eDt progress to suffice tor the wante of order and internal safety, the Emperor, our avgust master, will be happy to be able to recel! his troops, because be will see in this re- sult a new pledge of the paterna! solic.tade whick the Holy Father will devote equaily to the successive improvement of other brancbes of the public service, Let us, bowever, not overlook that the difficulties which the Pontifical government will mect with in the accom- plishwent of ite tsk arise fur lees from internal canses then from reypiutionary elements, influences and excito- ments from abroad, To entertain’ a bope for a prompt ana buppy renit in this quarter, nothing is so indispen- sable, 1 repent it, a8 lo make Piedmont respect the indepen- dunce of ether Lation States, a8 i183 own mdependence 1+ reepected by them and by us within the limits prescribed by treaties It will ouly be when this result has been obtained that the Pontifics! government nnd the other Italian govern- inents can reriovely occupy themselves with reforme in their interna) acmipistration. And then the friendly ad. view of Austria, who js more interested than any other Yower in the welfare and prosperity of the Italian peuin- sula, shail not be found wanting in the right direction. 1 charge your Excellency to submit theese cousiderations to the eniigbtened appreciation of the British Cabinet. We fee] too much the itnmense responsibility which in the eyes ‘od and man, will woigh upon those who, witbout legiti- ote cause, shouN disturb the peace of Europe, not to at- ihe highest importance that a friend and ally like the poverbment of Great Britain should be fully made aware of ovr pacific intentions. Austria does not entertain any hostile project against Pied- mont, She wail cbstain, despite the just grievances she might advonce im justification. from any aggressive action, solong az, on its part, the Sardinian government respects the invirlatality oy te Imperval territory and that of its alties. Your Excellency is suthorized to assure Lord Malmes- ry that the Emperor, our august. master, will not un- sword except in the defenco of his indisputable | for the maintenance of treaties which, Nike the | ment, we consider the only safe guaranteo | | ot of public order. You witl please, M. Je Comte, read this despatch to Lord Malmesbury, and leave him a copy should he wish for one. The Londen Times of March 16, in commenting on thi document, says:— Such ig this important State paper; thoroughly Ans- trian—obly reagoned in a diplomatic point of viow, and indicating a fixed determination to defend positive and guaranteed rights. Austria breaks no law; she acts strictly according to treaties; who, then, can cast a stone at her? But every one must see that these are petty jealousies in comparison with the great and momentous ‘breach with France, It is with France (hat Austria and the mediating Pavers will have to settle the question; and we may tell the Avetrian statesmen that they have had a narrow escape. If Napoleon III. had executed the scheme of aggression which he has recently cherished some two years sinee, he might have bad Fnglish opinion with him, and even Ger- many ‘would have been slow to movd in a quarrel not ber own. Itis only the conviction brought bome tous by recent events, that Europe must, regardless of all else, check any scheme of French domination, which has made every nation, and every party in every pation, the ally of Austria, we tin At ye is too ral and too strong to be trif pro: table that Austria is saved from a terrible conjlict, ‘The Jeast that we can demand in return is that the Emperor Fraueis Joseph should use his great influence to improve the condition of Italy. The London Morning Advertiser of March 16, in dis- cussing the same theme, says :-— It is now perfectly clear that the aim of the King and Count Cavour has not been the regeneration of Italy, bat the extension of the power of Sardinia. Had it been other- wise, let us ask if a wie minister and a patriotic King would bave called to their aid the hand in whose iron grasp the liberties of France have been crushed. We say that by this suicidal act, long deliberated upon and per- severingly pursued up to the present moment, the Ped. tmontese government bas forfeited its title to confidence, ano bas even, as far as its example can do 90, sanction that very state of affairs on which it pretends to baae its indignation. THE TREATIES BETWEEN AUSTRIA AND THE LESSER ITALIAN STATES. ‘The Vienna Gazette gives the following additional details concerning the treaties which exist between Austria and the Italian States:— The nature of these arrangements is well known. The first treaty was concluded on the Ist July, 1815, with the Grand Duke of Tuscany; the second, on the 1th July of the same year, with the king of Naples, The treaties with ‘Modena and Parma are of a later date, baving been cou- cluded in 1847, The convention with Naples contains an additional article, by which it is stipulated “that no changes should be made in the kit which were not in accordance with the monarch! were in opposition to the lopte ial Majesty for the government of the Austro-Italian Pro wo hay sad provinces.’* that by article 103 of the act of the ‘the perpetual right to occu- py Ferrara, machio and Piacenza, was Austria, my EL which was concluded on the 10th of June, 1817, between Austria, Spain, France, Great ‘tain, id Russia, for the reason with ro- epect to this last named town, that an cial interest for the defensive of Italy. feck for the origin. of these treatlce of allaceo, we find ‘that it is derived from the Hs concluding every kind of convenuon With State, provided that the rights of third Powers are not thereby violated. But in addition to thelr general origin they bave ® particular one, which is aot ip the great international act of the Congress of Vienna of 1815. Ry tbat act, the political and torritorial regulations of Italy ‘were in eome parte modified and in others entirely trans. formed. Ip point of fact, these treaties are the confirma tion of the political and territorial stave of the different ad placed under the guarentee of Europe by means of » spect) arrangement which Avetria specially undertook to execute, As to the treaties of ce between Avstria, Tuscany, Motepa und Parma, they are besides neres#tated by another motive which may be describes as ove of the most patural that can serve as the basis of @ treaty of ailianee. The thrones of Tuscany and Modena are ocevpied by Austrian archdukes: and Avstria, in the ovent of the extinction of the princely bouses which now occupy them, bas the right Of reversion to those States, as has been of late ban once mentioned. During 300 yoars—with the of a period of fourteen years, daring which Ne Joleen ruled over Italy—Modena was 2 flef of the empire under the house of Bapsburg. By documents, bearing date Jon, 38 and 80,1771, Modene ‘was, on the extinction of the male branch of the ducal family, to “revert to bis Tmperiel Highness the Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and bis posterity, aod in default of the sume, to the cotlateral heirs,’ As to Tuscany, on Oct. 3, 1735, the Duke of La- raine received tbat duchy in exchange for the Priacipall- ties of Bar and Loraine, which had been granted for life to the King Stanislaus of Poland, and on bis death went 10 France. The right of the house of Hapsburg Loraine tw the grand ducby of Tuscany {8 therefore aa good as that of France to the possession of Bar and Foraine. The rights respecting Tuscany and Modepa are, besides, recognized by arta, 100 and $8 of the Viepna Act of Congress. The Teversiopary rights o( Austria and Sardinia on the dachy of Parma, and oo Piacenza and Guastalia, are established by the treaty coricladed at Aix-la Chapelle in 1748, and by that signed in Paris on the 6th June, 1763. In art. 99 of the Act of Congress it i that in case of ercheat the Courts of Austria, Russia, France, Spain, Eog- and and Prussia are to settle bow the claims of Austria and Sardinia on Parma are to be arrapged. An additional article to the treaty of May 20, 1815, gives to the King of Sardinia the duchy of Piacenza, ‘with tne exception of the fortress and 2,000 Alafter (#1x feet) of land, which are to be ceded to Austria, who is to pay a proportionate in- demnification.”’ In atreaty concluded between Austria, Sarointa, Modena and Parma, on the 28th of Noxember, 1844, the sum that Auetria, in case of escheat, is to pay to Earoinia for the fortrees of Piacenza was fixed. By the foregoing it will be seen that the separate treaties between Austria and the Italian States are like those which conti- bually have beep, and continuaily will be, conciuded be- tween independent Powers. As much noise has been made about the additional article tothe Neapolitan treaty, it may be well to observe that it is “completely antiquated.”” Should apy question arise about it, it is not likely that eltber of the contracting Powers wil refuse to set it aside. Ferdinand 1 , of Naples, did not invoke that treaty ia 1820, when the constitution of 1812 was torced on him, nor did Austria send troops to Naples in 1821 in virtue of it. Io 1821 Austria intertered in Naples, because it was resolyed by the Laybach Congrees that she should do go. DECLARATION OF THE PRUSSIAN MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. A Berlin correeponcent of the 10th March says:— Yesterday will always be considered un event{ul day in the history of the present crisis. After a delay of but too mapy weeks, the Prussian government has at last come forward, volunteering to the Dieta number of explana tions relative to the immment davger of war. The sitting at the Lords had been pre-arranged in a style of unusual solemnity. All the members of the Cabinet attended, and of the diplomatic corps of this capital none were absent excepting the French Am! jor. Lord Bloomfield ap- pase ‘with a whole suite of secretaries and attaches; aad, ides theee minor helmsmen of international affaire, Prince Frederick William, tbe Grand Duke of Saxe Weimar, and other royal and princely personages, added weight to the business of the day by their presence. After the usual routine bad been gone throuh, Prince Hohenzollera Sigmaringen, the chief of the Cabinet, uttered a few words introauetory of tho purposed declaration of policy. Without entering into details, he merely said that govern. ment thought fit to offer come remarks on ‘the situation,”’ which dnty would be performed by the several Ministers as their iments were coucerned. The next who woke was Minister of Finance, Freiherr von Patow. Je Oilated on the subject of the export of horses, assuring the Assembly “that up to the beginning of March the eale of these useful anima/s to France had not exceeded the average rate of former years. Within the last week, however, the cemand haf considerably increased. Ap- prehensions were awakened, and the different Zollverein goverpments formed the reeolution of immediately for- bidding any further export. This prohibitien was tocomoe into force on the following day, after which the German frontiers would be closed for the sale and transtc of horses. But these announcements were merely preliminary to the speech of the Minster for Foreign Affairs. Herr von Patow was no eooner seated than Her vou Scnieinitz rose ana thus addressed the assembly :-— My Loxns—In the midst of the genoral excitement man- Mfested in many parts of Germany, during the last few weeks, the representatives of the Prussian nation have maintained a bearing sure to win for them the thanks both of the government and the country. This moderate con- duct, preserved under circumstances of pecular agitation, the nation will be proud to acknowledge as the most con- vincing proof of that political tactand wise ciroumspection 80 bighly becoming in an assembly destined to represent the interests of a great empire. As to tho government, they bave haiied thie reserve on the part of the Landtag asa highly prized mark of contidence, greatly strengthen ing them in the proper fulfilment of their diflicuit task. The apprehensions awakened by the present situation of Evrepe cannot be said to have arisen from a number of separate and distinct cauges. ‘They proceed rather from a strong feehng of distrust and uneasiness prevailing for eome time in the relations of certain Powers toeach other, and demonstrated in a series of telling facts. Such being the case, government could not entertain a moment's doubt as to the position Prussia bad to assume To pre- tervo intact the ith of treaties, to keep up established rights, and thus secure the continuance of peace for this qvarter of the worié—this alone would be the aim {ol- owed yp by the Praseian government with all the means in ite power. (Cheers.) Being bound to no party by epe- cial obligations, and remaining on the most amicable terms with those Powers moat dircetly interested in the ques- tion, the Pruseian government find themselves in the fortunate position of being able to render their peaceful admonition available on both sides. (Applause) To the exertions of Prussia have been united those of Eng- land, her sincere ally (inning beyrewndet). Both Cabinets being guided by simiar motives and similar aims, have given themselves up to a bope, considerably increased within the last few days, that their common efforts for the maintenance of pesce Will not bave been made in vain. (Cheers.) Bat whilst striving, in her capacity as a Earo. pean Power, to contribute to the so/ution of a momentous Eeropean complication, Prussia will never be unmindfal of her peculiar yocation ia Germany. Tha Prussian go- vernment is no leas conscious of the respect it is ready to pay to the European treaties, and the rights and privilegor established thereupon, than it feels convinced that Prus sian policy, if meant to correspond with the Igh destiny of our country, ought always to bea national one. Every truly German interest will ever find its warmest defender in Prussia; and wherever the rights, the honor, and widepen- dence of the common fathe:land are at stak2, Prussia wil! not hesitate a momerit before laying the full ‘weight of her might and power in the alance. (Cheers and repeated ap plauge.) The government having assumed these princi ples as their standing point, believe during the present complication to have most efiectually served the true inte rests ot Germany by directing the whole influ. ence of Prussia towards securing the maintenance ot peace, im her capacity of European Pow. er. Government, in having espoused this course, of action, know themselves to be in perfect accordance with the opinions held by the country and its representa- tives; and, fortified by this conviction, are ready calmly and resolutely to face all that may be in store for the fu- ture. For, whatever this future may bring, it will for- ever, and under all circumstances, tind old Prussia in that place, and true to that task appointed to her by the un- mistakeable indications of Divine Providence. (Cheers. ) ‘The ministerial speaker was foliowed by Prince Hohen- lohe, the President of the Lords, who requested the as. sembly to rise from their seats, ‘in token of the conii- dence all Prussians bear to the patriotic government and chivalrous spirit of the illustrious Hobenzollerns,”’ His de. mand was, of course, complied with. Amore marked expression of sentiment took place in the lower house, where the same ministerial explanations had been offered afew moments before. There the President, Count of Schwerin, made himself the spokesman of the aseombly. Immediately after Herr Von Schienitz paused, and whilst the most lively excitement still prevatied among the mem- bers, the Covnt, his voice agitated with emotion and his usual parliamentary reserve superseded by an air of en- thosiasm, uttered these words:— Gentiemen—I hope you will not consider it an abuse of the position I bold in this House, if at a moment of univer. sal concord and harmony between its members, I take the hberty of stepping forward and lending wortis to this fe- | ing of unity. e House has accepted, with the utmost satisfaction, the declarations just offered from the Ministe. rial benebes, and I think the House has every reason to express ite thanks to the government, and ally to avow its confidence, that foreign affairs will be guided in future in accordance with the yey Just propounded. The government have Ybrown in balance of peaco and war their full weight as a Earopean Power, and exerted themselves to the utmost for the preservation of these emicable rolayges between the different peoples, most valued when Mfreatoned with danger of rupture, But, on the other hand, the government, as I am happy to be able to add, have faced with a resolnte will the eventful chances likely to arise for Prussia in cave peace should be broken Government hare not neglected pay- ing full attention to the interests of Prussia, which can never be regarded as digjoined from the right, the honor and the interest of our entire German fatherland, Government, at the same time, have paid equal considera tion to those duties Prussia ts required to fulfil as a mem ber of the Germanic Confederation, and the obligation: Prussia owes to herself in her position as one of the gre: Powers of Kurope. If proceeding on this path caimiy and Grmiy, if facing events—whether resulting, as it is to be hoped, in peace or in war, which latter case would be mvch to be regretted—government may confi sently count upon the assistance of this Houge, the appisuse of the country, and, if necessary, the energetic co operation of our people. Be eo kind, gentlemen, as to indicate your ayproval of this, if Ihave been fortunate enough to ex- press your aéntiiénts. Avsembly rose simultaneously. Choers followed in which the galleries joined. The point of these minste rial explanations, a8 you will readily observe, is directed po less against France than Austria, the European positio: of Prussia being insisted upon in contradistinction to its federal relationg with the cmpire of Central Europe. The sameargoment has been urged io @ Prussian note ad- dressed some days ago to the Vienna Cabinet, THE RUSSIAN VIEW OF THE QUESTION. appears in the Havas: ‘The following re i borin ee iia There isa report in circulation to-day, which, if con. firmed, will tend greatly to strengthen tho hopes of the of pence, Tt is asserted that Baron Budberg, the Ambagsador here, has communicated to the Minis. ‘oreign Affairs a despatch from Prince Gorter b .<oft, ig which the Jatver pronounces bimaelf in @ paciic «ase, apd promises to support Prussia avd England in their sevens © renee ee the pending ait culti The Russian Cabinet admits the necessity of the main- tevapce of treaties, but advises a revision of the +opa ate treaties of Austria with tho small Italian States, I. 4 adced that young Prince Gortachakoff. who recently passe tbroveb Berlin, on his way from Warsaw to Paris, took a deepatch to Baron Kisselef identical with tas on commu- nicated at Berlin, Tho visit of Prince Souvarow to Paris ‘# attributed to the same cause. France having publicly declared her pacific istentions through the columns of the Monsteur, it 8 now Avstria’s turn to respond to public opinion tp Europe, and not to persist too obstinately in her pretensions, LATEST CONTINENTAL CORRESPONDENCE, The Paris correspondence of the London smes, of the 18th March, says: The French people keenly feel the peril which menaces them ard all Europe in the struggle on which they are ine vited to enter. It ig with the full knowledge of the oro- spect before them tbat the good eanse of the pndtia seont « the very idee of war, in spite of ull the efforts of those writers int 88 who boast of their purticipacon ip State secret and of the inspirations they receive from high qnarters ‘The notes in the Moniteur, they say—aod T repeat it with regre!—are oply meant to delude Europe, to mask the rea, projects which the revolutionary party believe themsolyes authorized to disclose to all the world. The V enna correspondence of the same paper sava:— The Viena papers contain extreme'y warlike articles, and there is reason to believe that several of them ara “inspired” by persons of ugh position and great influ- ‘noe. It is belleved in official circles that the Emparor of the French will manage to find an exense for coming to the assistance of the Sardipiana, and moasures are taken: accordingly. Austria will not be the attacking party, be- cause she wishes to give the world a proof of her mnaderation and fo bearance, but she will not be sorry if the ultra party shorild force the Sardinian government io act aggressively. The bighest military authorities are of opinion that aus- tria will be able to bold ber own im Northern Italy agaiast apy force that can be broght aga‘ust ber, and they are therefore desirous that tbe evil day, “which sooner or later must come,’ ehould not be postpoved. Moneyed men think that Au@tria will be able to bear a two veara? war without apy financial catastrophe, but I am not of the game opinion. ‘The Turin correspondence of the same paper gives the following curious statement as to a secret compact made preliminary to the nuptials, of Prince Napoleon and the Pripcess Clothi! 'e:— . ‘The Emperor Napoleon promised assistance, offers've as well as Cofensive, to the King of Sardinia against Austria, and guaranteed to Victor Emmanuel whatever territorial advantages might ultymately be obtained m Lombardy, To return for these services the King of Sardinia pledged bimeelf to transfer Savoy and Nice to France. Among the pereous who one might suppose would bave been privy to this agrcement—so remarkable, if true—but who, never- theless, in order to its profound’ secrecy, wero kept in the dark, is said to have been Prince Napoleon. To reasons are assigned for his exclusion from confidence: one is, that bis discretion was not fully confided in, and that it’ wag Seared he might be urabie to resiatthe temptation of im- ; the r perbaps, be based chietly on conjec- ture, but which is nevertbelers plausible enough, is that be might have been ill disposed to coincise in an agres- ment fatal to any hopes he may have cherished of one day ascending a throne ia Northern Italy. It hag not been stated to me whetber be bas been made acquainted with tbe compact smnce bis marriage, nor have I heard it sug- gested that its communication to him bad had something todo with his recent resignation of office, for which, moreover, there seems to havo been a sufficienay of other reasons. But the most astoniebing part of the story is yet to come, and I impart it to you with al! reserve, because ovly one of my autborities mentioos it, although, if it be true, I may poesibly obtain confirmation. of it from the other. It is to the effect that, wh'le Lombardy was to he united to Piedmont, and Nice and Savoy ceded to France, Au tria was to be suilered to retain Venetia and the for- tresses. The correspondent of the London Herald says that the ominous silence preserved respecting Lord Cowley’s mis- sion tends to increase the apprehensions of war. ‘The Times Paris corresponsent points out contradictions in the recent article of the Monier, and expresses an opinion that Germany bas really good reason to dread a French army returuing victorious from Italy. Le Nord in its enmity towarda Austria is unwilling to amit that Russia has announced an iatention favorable to peace, The Paris correspondent of the London Daily News, in his deepatch dated Wednesday night, eays that there 18 great talk of the immediate formation of an army of observa- tion pear the Aips. Toe Minister of War has prohinited leave of absence to officers aud soldiers t!l farther orders, The Vienna correspondent of the umes sums up the result of Lord Cowley’s m'ssion, by Saying tbat it amounts {© no more than tbat the reiations between the British abd Austrian governments are pow niore intimate than they were on the day the British mediator arrived. The London Pest of the 18th eay#:— YY ‘The Nuncio has received instructions to watt on Count Walewsk’, and represent the danger to which his Holiness the Pope would be exposed if the French troops wera Withdrawn from Rome just. now, without permission to cail the Austriaus up to the Eternal City. This is a new song from the Vatican, very oifferent from Cardinal Anto- nel!\’s defiance of a few days since. The Opivione, in av article which reaches Paris today, rays with truth:—‘France now occupies in Italy the po” sition which England has lost.” Ti U sapponee beads ita onservations by ‘Ja Guerra e Inevitabile,” and concludes that Piedmont must ere long resort to arms. The Optnione and Independente of Turin both state from. Piacenza that the Auetriars are actively engaged in forti- fying both banks of the Po at that place. We get nothing from Italy to-day “but a repetition of the accounts of the warlike preparations on the part of Austria as we.l ag Piedmont. very day seems to add to the chances of war. The Vienna Cainnet has decided to send 50,000 more men to aC. which will bring the Lombard army up to 200,000. “Tt is stated,” says a Paris letter in the Nord, ‘that the Prince Abbe Lucien Bonaparte bas addressed a memoir to the Emperor on the Italian question a regards the tempo- ral power of the Holy See. It is known that. the Prince, ‘who was educated at Rome, is mest devoted to the Popo, and that be bas bitherto refused all the dignities which the Emperor kas offered him.” The English Reform Bull. [From the London Times, March 19.} The motion of Lord John Russell has lost none of its ob- Jectionable qualities; it remains etill, as before, a very bad precedent, invertiog the primary course of business and forcing a decision on a part instead of the whole of the question. It still leaves it doubtful whether those who support it are in favor of or againt the second reading, and tends to present an appearance of unanimity which has in it very little of subsiance and reality; but the pos- Fibility of reeisting this manmuvre depends on the possi- bility’ of regarding the goveroment and their «oa- sure as things really existing and capable of being employed as means for furtherance of a good end. That faith is visibly dechning, and vplees the downward course of things can be euadenly arrested, the time will speodily arrive when min- isters will be propounced uneqnal to the task of even con- ducting through Parliament measures like the India bill of jast year, founded on the solid basis of resolutions pre- viously agreed to, We still think that the better course for ai! parties would have been to base the coming reform on the ministerial measure, but we cannot conceal ourselves that this course is encompassed by daily increas- ing difficulties, and that the partial and disengeanons con- cessions that have been made place the most formidable obstacles in the way of its adoption. The London Darly News of the 19th instant describes Mr. Roebuck’s procecdings last night as quixotic, his de- mand pragmatical, and says that it was received amid the cbuckling cheers of ant: reformers and the reproachful si- lence of ail siacere iiberals, The London Times accounts for the failure by stating that last year, when Lord J. Russell ¢stabliched the Iodien precedent, he wished to keep the government, whereas Low he desires to get them out. The London Sar says the course Mr Roebuck com- Mmencs ovght to be equally scouted by the government and the people. DISORGANIZATION OF THE CABINET. ‘The London Tumes says the secession of several mem- bere has not left to thoee who remaia the legacy of mutual confidence or internal peace. The bonds of party disci- line are relaxed. The auimosities that always wait on = losing cavee are inflatned, and no confidence is felt that, when so many bave gone, the rest will have resolution to stand their ground. ‘The London Morning Star says it is no secret that Lord J. Manners was stung by the response of the Hoare to bis sppea! on the church rate question into au offer of re- Signation, Still more notorious and significant is the fact at ameeting of upwards of forty conservative mem- rs was bela the day, in a committee room of the Hovee, apd Mr. John Palmer, one of the oidest and most Tespected country gentlemen, deputed to request Lord Derby, to witharave bis i starred Reform bill. The London Dasly New says Lord Derby, when asked why he could not throw tho Reform bill over- board, re] to have replied that he had found’ it Bard work riding so far without @ saddle, but how could he be expected to ride without a horse? In other words, Lord Derby full well understands that the moment be admits bis inability to grapple with position. roform be virtually surrenders hie The Lonéoo Star reports as an autnentic anecdote, that Lord Derby induced Lord Manners not to resign by saying et ifapy more went they would all go r. Reports of reform meetings conviaue to occupy conside- rable space in the papers. At Leeds last night there was an important demenstration in favor of reform, but against the government bill The split m the liberal party having beon bealed at the last moment, great nuanimity prevailed. The London Herald remarks on the }beral tactics, hat what was intended for a grand assault bas a rated into a squabble, and will probably terminate in omething worse than uefeat, viz: utter and hopeless dis- Organization, ‘The Itattan Exiles, ‘The Neapolitan exiles continued w evoke a deal of fympathy, and Whberal subscriptions were made to the fend formed for their benedt, The bulk of tho exiles ‘were about to leave Cork for Bristol. One of their nam- ber, who went to Bristol in advance of his companions, ‘met with a perfect ovation. Tbe borges were taken from bis and be was drawn through the streets by the co ,amvidst great cheoriug. A subsequent doubt was raised as to whetber the individual 80 honored was really @ of the exiles. A powerful committes, 'ncluding such men as Lords Palmerston, Shaftesbury, John Russell, Lyadhuret and others, had boen formed, for the purpose of raising fundg in aid of the Neapolitan exiles, ar For European marjels 906 Bifth page