The New York Herald Newspaper, March 25, 1859, Page 4

“4 NEW YORK HERALD. JaNES GORDON BENET, DITOR AND PROPRIETOR, Orrice %. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND Na8sa0 BS | ment will arrive in this city this morning. Piper egg Ao senna pe | stated that the project of disbanding the Twelfth | regiment will probably be a sandoned. SERMS, cosh tn advance, Money sent by matt ett be at ths Wak of the vender, Poduge dampe wot aa oubecr pio “Th Daler conte 1 BT por anmaie. Tin Wine’ wekalD” soon al ncconae , 0° $3 per j tha Buropaan Rdilion every Wedncai Se erty at cert, Sock So tnceeks Posages tht oe om the Sth and BUA. of exch monthy ta conte per or $1 00. oe Wednesday, at four cone por or ‘annum. “Noront, JESPONDENCB, containing tinporwant Po Benge tory oy oarrg ng Seger p Kberally poid og ar Ouse Foxsias Coaccsrospnsts au Paxrioviakix Ruquastap to Seat au Lerreas anp Paos- NOTICE taken anonymous correqpondence, Wo do net YT TERTISSMBNTS renewed every day; adcertiments in eoted “nthe Winnie Hanet, Faster Mean, ad tn the CUE PMNTING cnoded wr executed with neatness, cheapness and de- pach, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Awtoxy axp Cix0- Pataa—My Neigmcon’s Wire, NIBLO'S GARDEN, —~ Afternoon and Evening— Nas Aupoagu’s Maxaggnm—feaixep £Larmant—Cniccs PRRFORMANCES. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Muier or New Jensey Our Bacuisu Cousin. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Tue Veteran ; 08, FRANCE AMD ALGBKLA. LaURA KEENE’S THEATRE, No. 524 Broadway.—Sux Stoors to Conquex—Kivat Paces. BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—After- noot—Biack Ereo Susan. Evening—Gwrxneta VarGuas— Papox CaxsY. WOOD'S MINSTREL BUM.DING, 561 and 583 Broadwa;— Ermiortan SONGS, Dances, &¢.—MYSTIC SPELL. BRYANTS’ MINSTRELS, MECHANICS’ HAUL, 427 Byoad way.—NeGko Sons aNp BouLesques—1 Ait Gor Lute To aber. New York, Friday, March 25, 1859. The News. Our European files brought by the Nova Scotian reached this city yesterday evening. Th London papers to the Sth inst., contain tails of the telegraphic summary of the ne lished in yesterday morning's Heranp. tracta given elsewhere relating to the Italian tion are unusually interesting. The steamships Niagara and Alps are fully due at Halifax, with European advices to the 12th inst. The Pacific mails brought by the Quaker City have reached New Orleans. The steamers Sonora and Orizaba left San Francisco on the 5th inst. for Panama, the first named with four hundred and the latter with seven hundred passengers. The brig Swiss Boy had been destroyed by the Hudson Bay Indians in Nitinet Sound, and the bark Temandite had been wrecked, and one hundred and fifteen lives lost, at the mouth of the Mackenzie river. The mails bring later dates from Australia, but our telegraphic despatch gives no particulars. Ad- vicea from China mention the bombardment of Nan- kin, probably by the rebels. We have advices from Havana to the 19th inst., but they contain nothing of importance. Several subjects of local importance were before the Legislature yesterday, as will be seen by our telegraphic reports and despatches. In the As-- sembly the Prohibitory liquor bill was killed off very decidedly, and it is not believed that any alteration will be made in the Excise law Ae: sion. The bill fur laying out streets at Fort Wash- ingtop was recommitted to the Commitiee on Towns and Villages, so that parties interest can be heard. The bill providing for ascertaining and collecting the damages caused by the destruction of the Quarantine buildings passed a third reading. At Washington yesterday the Grand Jury found a bill of indictment for murder against Mugsickles, anicounsel on both sides agreed in tixing upon nent Monday week, the 4th proximo, as the time tor the commencement of the trial. 1 meeting of considerable importance ance was held last evening in Hope Chapel. [t was composed of those who cling to the memories of the old whig party, and who are desirous of resuscitating it. It was called ostensi- bly for the purpose of hearing an address from ex- Governor Hunt on “the political signs of the times.’ The meeting was presided over by Hiram Ketchum, assisted by a nuwnber of influential citi- zens as vice presidents and secretaries. In the Chairman's speech turee public men were referred to as those to whom the country might best confide the duties of the next Presidency. These were Edward Everett, John J. Crittenden and General Winfield Scott. Each of these names was received by the meeting with demonstrations of high appro- val. Mr. Hunt reviewed late political events, and called on the conservative men of the State to imi- tate the action taken by the whigsof Kentucky and of Virginia, and to rally under the banner of union and reform. Hon. Joshua R. Giddings repeated at Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, last evening, to an audience which two-thirds filled the building, his lecture on the trial of John Quincy Adams by the Twenty- seventh Copgress. The audience seemed highly satisied, though the lecture lasted two hours. It will be repeated to-night before the Young Men's Christian Union, at Clinton Hall. A conversational meeting of the American Geo- graphical and Statistical Society took place last evening in their rooms, Clinton Hall, Astor place. A paper was read by D. O. King, of Newport, R. I,, on “Recent Discoveries in Siam,” describing the physical features, resources, botany and zoology ofthat country, and giving also a description of the great temple of Cambodice, now in ruins. Other interesting papers were also read, and a considera- ble amount of instructive and interesthg conveusa tion elicited. The Board of Aldermen last evening letter of Dr. Foster, withdrawing hi candidate for the office of City Inspec: ad w the Communication from the Mayor nominating Eli- Jah F. Purdy to that office in place of George W. Morton. Quite an exciting discussion ensued, and @ variety of motions were made, but finally it was agreed to refer the resignation of Dr. Foster to a special committee, and to return the nomination of Mr. Purdy to the Mayor. The Board of Councilmen were in session last evening, and transacted considerable routine busi- ness. A petition of the Third Avenue Railroad Com pany for permission to lay rails for a new turn out at the end of the Park, was referred. The Comp- troller was directed to advertise for proposals to purchase a suitable location for Engine Company 1es- No. 18. The Harlem Railroaa Company were di- | rected to remove the T rail now in use in Centre street, between Tryon row and Broome street, and substitute the grooved rail in its place. The report of the special committee on repairing the City Hall ‘Was called up, and after a rambling debate a reso- lution was adopted directing the Street Commis- sioner to have the building repaired as soon as pos- sible, and appropriating $50,500 for that purpose. The United States chartered steamer Metacomet, of the Paraguay expedition, sailed from Pernam- buco for the River Plate on the 10th ult. There was a sparring exhibition last evening at Hoym’s theatre, Bowery. All the magnsies of the magic circle were present. See our account of the afhir elsewhere. The ships Shooting Star and Skylark. vespectiy Ty from Portsmouth and New Bedford, bound for New York, in tow of the steamtug W. fi. Webb, went ashore, the former on Tuckernuck Shoal, and the fatter in the harbor of New Bedford. The Shooting Bitar went ashore during a dense fog, and let go one anchor to keep from drifting further on. The cable parted, and the ship in swinging round strack Cu anchor, thereby knocking « hole in her bottom gad at last accounts she had eight fect of water in NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, MARCH 25, 1869. | ner. A sichatug, with pumps and men, was de- spatched to her assistance. The Skylark probably | got offat the rext high tide without serious damage. | an account of the visit of the Twelfth regiment | to Albany is given in another column. The regi- It is The sales of cotton mace yesterday were the largest ever before effected in one day m the city of New York: | ‘They embraced about 18,000 bales, of which some 4,000 were sold on the spot, and the remainder in transitu. The market closed at a» adva ceo Age. a Mc. per Ib, oa tron | Sit cotton, and at about ‘yc. om cotton from store, since | the reoeiptot the Nova Scotia's sews. The sales for four | days of this week have been as follows:—On Monday, 2ist, 6,000 bales; 224, 2,500; 234, 6,000, and on the 24th, 18,000. Total, 34,500 bales. Fiour was stcady and prices without change of moment, Wheat was steady, with rather more doing. Corn was in moderate request aud pricea un- changed. Pork was in fair requeet, and prices for mess about the seme, while prime was some easier. Sugars were steady, with sales of about 1,000 hhds. and about 65 boxes, at rates given in another §place. The chief transaction in coffee was confined to the auction sale, which was a very good one, quality considered. Freight ©.,agementa were moderate and rates unchanged. ‘The State of EuropeComing Ovei throw of the Settlement of 1815. ‘The mails by the Nova Scotian have brongh: the full report of the peace article in the Paris Moniteur of the Sth, which has had such & sstmu- lating effect on the funds of the sever «t l’overs of Burepe, and we give it in full ii another column, {tis the same article of which we published the priueipal points some days since, iu tae news received by the steamship Weser, it huviag op peared on the morning of the day that ves«l sailed. The importance that is attributed to it in Europe, and the effect it had on the pivli: secu- rities in most of the capitals, after the sailing of the Weser, constitute its chief interest, In it- self, considered gpart from the nervous anxiety that now agitates European circles, and beyond the sphere of their influence, it will carry very little weight. Indeed, its chief characteristic is a disingenuous eflort to relieve the government from the res, onsibility which its rigid censorship of the French press lays upon it in the opinion of the public. [t is assumed that because it does not exercise a previous censorship the govera- ment incurs no responsibility fo: the laaguage of the jouo®uals. Thisis pure fallacy. Under the system of warnings for articles published distaste- ful to the government, the third warning carry- ing with it the suspension of the publication, and its repeated exercise by the government, it is well known that the press in Fraace is nothing more than a greater or lesser reflex of oficial opinion, and the mere tolerance of its expres sions without the issuing of the official warai is a ratification of them by the government. But the most important articl: broaght us! y the Nova Scotian is one frow the St. Petersburg Gazette, which we reprint elsewhere, We have found, by experience, that Russian officials aad Russian journals are the only ones in Europe that dare to tell the world the truth either about themselves or about the other European Powers. That journal asserts that treaties are like “vestal virgins, who could only fulfil their functions as long as they remained intact,’ and very pointedly shows that the treaties of 1815 are in a state very different from that of @ “ves- tal virgi By most of the journals and statesmen in the Austrian interest on the Continent, and tke Coburgs in England, it is assumed that the Congress of Vienna in 1815 settled the map of Europe forever; that, therefore, neither France, nor Austria, nor Sar- dinia, can change the existing order of territorial arrangements in Italy, and that England, as one of the parties to the treaty, is bound to maintain the fuith thereof as something “ inviolable.” What was the Congress of Vienna, or the settle- tlement of Earope in 1815, that it should stand as an insurmountable barrier to the march of events? An arrangement made between four crowned robbers—a quadruple alliance to parcel out Europe among themeelves, and for the benefit of their families and friends—the Austrian and Russian Emperors and the King of Prussia in per- son, and the British king by his representatives. So little were the rights of nations re- spected in that conclave that it was pro” posed to annibilate the independence of France and divide her into pieces, like Poland. This catastrophe was averted only by the strong remonstrance of Talleyrand, who in the name of Louis XVII. urged the doctrine of “le- gitimacy,” and reminded the other monarchs that this was the only title they held to their own thrones; that by dismembering France they would have two forces to contend against, which, when combined, might prove irresistable: the force of democracy and the force of nationality— for the severed parts of the nation would inevita- bly be drawn to each other and become re- united. His advice, therefore, was that they should direct their hostility against Napoleon alone. ‘This home argument prevailed. But in that Congress Talleyrand was not the representative | of Vrance, nor of its reigning monarch, tho was then Napoleon, but of the dethroned Bour- The treaty was made without the con- France, and Lord Palmerston admits hat “it was not altogether such as the !'rench tion wished.” Upon what principle, then, is france or Louis Napoleon bound by it? One of | its provisions was to strip France of her Rhenish provinces, her natural boundary being the Rhine. Why should ehe or her ruler be content? Another bun. | was to secure to Austria the fairest portion of Italy, conquered from her by the sword of Napoleon I. Why should Napoleon III. and the | French nation be now satisfied with thaf arrange. ment? Why should they be content that the territory of the cOuntry should remain reduced | to what it was” before the revolution of 17922 Suppose, by a combination of the European mo- narchies, it so happened that the republic of the United States was conquered by these allies in a sanguinary war, and that without its consent, or the consent of its Congress and President de facto, the crowned heads aseembied, stripped it of all its territory acquired since the revolution of 1776—Florida, Louisiana, California and New Mexico—could the American people be expected to acquicece in that disposition of their territory for one day longer than they were able to take it back? Another provision of the treaty of Vienna was to extinguish the Napoleon dynasty and to guarantee the throne of France as the perpetual inheritance of ihe Bourbons, Where are the Bourbons now! Scattered to the four winds of heaven by two revulutions—that of 1830, which overthrew Charies X. and vrought | Louis Philippe to the throne, and that of 1848, which overthrew Loris Philippe and extinguished the Bourton dynasty. And where is the doomed Napoleon dynasty? Reigning in the Tuileries, its representative being the first monarch of | Europe. Thus was the treaty of Vienna twice trampled upon, and we heard nothing of “ the inviolability of treaties” in speeches from the British throne, aa we have heard of late, acr of “the faith of treaties” in speeches of Prime Ministers, as we have heard from Lord Derby. It is rather late in the day now to talk of the violation of the musty treaty of Vienna, forty- four years old. So much opposed was that treaty to the Jaw o! nations and to the principles of the Britis: «oa- stitution, that the English ministers of the day were afraid to admit the part the, bad takeu iu it, and said they had no disposition to interfire with the rights of the French nation in the chuice of their own rulers, The principle ofself-govera- ment was established by the English people them- selves by therevolution of 1688, which overthrew the Stuart dynasty, and changed the succession to the house of Guelph, the title by which her pre- sent Majesty wears the crown. How absurd, therefore, for British statesmea to talk of the “in- violability” uf such a treaty as that of Vienna. It has been violated by the priucipal parties to it themeelvee. The assumption of sovereignty over all the German States by Prussia and Austria in 1532, the destruction of Polaud as a kingdom im 1832, and the separation of Belgium and Holland united under the title of Kingdom of the Netherlands, were all violations of the treaty of Vienna. Tho freedom and independence of the republic of Cra- cow was puaranteed “forever” by the treaty of Vienna. It was absorbed by Austria in 1847, Rus- sia and Prussia consenting. And now Austria ocenpies with her troops not only the Rumaa Legatious, but the Duchies of Parma, Tuscany aud Me all in violation of the same treaty. It is idle, then, to rely for peace upon the treaties and settlement of 1815. As the French Emperor says, these treaties might do very well if the world did not move. But the world does move, aud Will Pot wait to consult blue-moulded parch- Napcoleon is a man of the world, and not only moves with the world, but helps it onward. . The aspirations of Austria appear to be in the same direction. Th» whole career of that Em- pire in Italy shows a total disregard of the treaty of Vienna and of the rights of independent na- tions guaranteed therein. By a sccret treaty shy altered the territorial limits of Italy recog- uised in the treaty of Vienna and the order of succession agreed to; and when in the troubles of 1848-9 she was compe‘led by circumstances to disclose her secret treaty, she excused herself to Lord John Russell's cabinet on the ground of “the many inconveniences” as to Italy of the treaty of Vienva. The English people are of the same opinion iouching the “inconveniences,” whatever some of their aristocracy may say. Their feeling is, that if the Shylock of Austria must have his pound of flesh in Italy, he must tuke it on his own responsibility, and withont any aid from England. The settlement of 1815 deposed the Bonaparte interest in Europe, and it is idle to suppose that now, afler forty years have elaps:d, during which it has been so re- peatedly violated, and when a Bonaparte is not only the ruler of France, but the arbiter of Europe, that he will permit it to stand, out of a tender regard to the squeamish outcries of those who claim to be the legitimate rulers of the nations, and who would to-day gladly drink his blood and that of all his tribe if they had the power. The atrocious spoils distribution of 1815 is coming to an end. ment treasies, Brioery iw tHe Caxapran ParuiaMent.— The example of Orsamus B. Matteson and his republican confreres in Congrees has not been lost on the Provincial Parliament of Canada. The system of buying and selling votes, and at good round figures, has been transplanted to the other side of the St. Lawrence, and seems to have found a favorable soil and climate there. We see it stated by newspaper correspondents from Toronto, that one member of the Legisla ture has expended over $200,000 in support of a certain railroad bill, now pending before the Provincial Parliament; that one half of that sum was paid to a director in another railroad company, to induce him to betray his trust, and that a member of the House is “interested” to the tune of $20,000. There is no mystery or eencealment affected in regard te the affair, but names and circumstances are given as coolly as if it were a fair, legitimate transaction. It is evident, if we are to regard these state- ments as well founded, that the Bluenoses are as progressive a race as the Yankees, and that the art of profitable legislation is fully understood there. Is the Reciprocity treaty answerable for it? Who cansay? We commend this new field of enterprise to the attention of Matteson & Co. ConsoLs aND THE War Question.—We see by the European intelligence telegraphed from Port- lané, that in consequence of an article apparently favorable to the continuance of peace in Europe, which appeared in the Moniteur, and also in con- sequence of the resignation by Prince Napoleon of the post of Minister of Algeria—the Prince’s sentiments being of a warlike tone—public con- fidence was so much restored that in London, Paris and Vienna consols and rentes and other government securitics had taken a sudden and considerable rise. The rise or fall of these go- vernment stocks is supposed to be an indication of the state of the public mind, and to be the barometer or weather gauge of the political atmosphere. When the funds go up, they say that fair and calm weather will prevail; when they go down, that fact is supposed to portend a storm. The belief in the general accuracy of this po- litical barometer of the Bourse prevails not only on the Continent, but in this country also. Even the cunning schemers who operate in Wall street, and who might well be supposed to be up to all the tricks and dodges of their fellows in Europe, allow themselves to be duped into the belief of the infallibility of this test gange of peace or war. It is, however, no more reliable in that respect than the sudden and unaccountable fluctuations on ‘Change are reliable as indications of the profitable or unprofitable working of the rail- roads affected by them. We all know how these are caused; and we know that they are very rarely attributable to any sensible reason, but are entirely duc to cornering operations and to the condition of the fight between the bulls aad the bears, Well, it is just about as impossible to judge correctly of the prospects of peace or war in Enrope by the quotations of consols, as it is to judge of the business or prospects of our rail- roads by the figures at which their securities are quoted in the stock list. There are bulls and bears in Europe as well as in America, But the European bulls and bears have the advan- tage over ours, that they oftentimes form leagues with high government functionaries, and are able, by judicious alternatings of peace and war rumors, to excite or to calm public apprehen- sions, and by the effect thus produged on the Bourse (o make profitable speculations. In both cases public credulity is imposed upon. It is, therefore, utterly idle (o reasen from the late buoyancy on the Eurepean marts of exchange that there is to be no war. There must be better grounds thax that fur coming to such a conclu- sion, and we do not see that any better are afforded by the news brought by the Nova Scotian. The New Weatern Gold Fever—A Seasonable Warning to Emigrants. We continue the publication of the latest news received from our correspondents of the Far West, in reference to the newly discovered goid ficids among the Rocky Mountains, along the western frontiers ot Nebraska and Kansas Territories; and to the first of the letters which we publish this morning on the subject, we would invite the special attention of all parties suticipatng a fortune from a trip to these new diggings. We know, from the experieace of repeated ex- amples, and particularty from the Fraser river furore—which, within a month from the first authentic reports, nearly depopulated the sub- stantial gold region of Culifornia—-that when once @ pluwgible hue and cry of a new gold country ia raised it is perfectly useless to at- tempt to.erreat the general rush which is sure to follow in that direction. We shall not, there- fore, undertake the useless experiment of show- ing up the cruel loeses, disappointments and mis- fortunes which are sure to fellow a general stam- pede to the Wild and inhospitavle region in question; but a little seasonable advice to the hopeful emigrant may, perhaps, save thousands from the clutches of the sharpers and specula- tors who are lying in wait for their prey. That there will be an immense emigration to the Pike’s Peak and contiguous gold districts this spring, from the Westera States and from the eastern settlements of Kansas and Nebraska, there can be no doubt; that various parties will make a good thing of it is morally certain; but from the broad hiats thrown out by our Fontenelle cor- respondent, we apprehend that the provision and clothing establishments at the outfitting frontier settlements, and the town lot speculators in lithographic cities in the mining region, will be apt to carry off the lion’s share of the spoils. In round numbers, the Pike’s Peak and contiguous gold washings are a thousand miles west of our present frontier white settlements, and in the midst of a perfect wilderness of mountains. Kx- cepting a few cattle, and such game as buffaloes, bears, deer, horses, &c., all the provisions for the miners in this wilderness, for the first season, at least, must be transported over this interval of a thousand miles. Thus, from the experience of the War Department in the late Utah campaign, the subsistence of the gold digger among the Rocky Mouttains during the coming summer will hardly be less than from three to five dol- lars a day. We should not be surprised if the rush duriag this season, now about to open, to these Rocky Mountain washings, were to embrace an aggre- gate of two hundred thousand emigrants. The late revulsion has left the financial affairs of the great Weet in a very disordered condition; and thousands of men, of all pursuits, thus ruined or embarrassed, will be off for these new and com- paratively convenient gold fields. The gene- ral exodus will comprehend all sorts of speca- lators and sharpers; and to guard against their extortions the bona fide miners should or- ganize into companies, and provide for their own subsistence, at least for a month or so, among the mines, At the end of that time they will have discovered whether it is best to remain or return. It would be well, also, for the early mining companies to take out with them seeds and roots for cultivation; for thus, even during the first seagon, some very profitable returns may be made, especially from potatoes, beans, peas, onions, buckwheat, &c. Among the little valleys and parks of the eastern range of the Rocky Mountains, in the midst of this new mining region, there are many Places well adapted to agriculture; and this whole region, for grazing purposes, is scarcely excelled. Droves of cattle and sheep, therefore, may be safely taken out, and in view of the general emigration foreshadowed they will pay a handsome profit to all concerned, but particu- larly if the mines should prove to be as rich and extensive as they have been described. The great danger to be guarded against in the outect is a dearth of provisions; and where many thou- sands have to be fed, and where nothing of subsistence exists, and nothing is produced, a thousand miles of transportation will augment the cost of provisions to the point of starvation. Perhaps during this coming summer the re- sources may be developed in these new gold fields, and the population established for a pow- erful and prosperous State among the Rocky Mountains. If so, the route of the Pacilic Railroad will be fixed, and the consumma- tion of that great enterprise will cense to be regarded as an impossible or a distant event. The importance of the consequences, therefore, which will follow the substantial con- firmation of the flattering reports received con- cerning these new gold fields cannot be over- estimated. Commercially and politically the results will be of the greatest magnitude to this country and to tbe world at large. On the other hand, if it should turn out that these Rocky Mountain gold washings are too poor to pay ex- penses, we fear that the tales of suffering and destitution which followed the last summer’s rush from Cakifornia to Fraser river will sink into insignificance compared with the starving thousands of this impending crusade. The great question of the richness or poverty of these new mines has still to be solved. The immense emigration about to move forward will soon work out the required solution; and, in view of reckless speculators and land sharks of all sorts, already in motion from St. Louis to Cherry Creek, it would be well, we say, for the emigrant, before going, out to provide for the possible necessity of a return before the next winter, with a smaller allowance of gold than the amount which he may have carried to the field of his labors, Tux Cost or tun Fenerat Government.— We publish in another column an interesting tabular statement of the expenses of the govern- ment for the next fiscal year. Our tables show first the amount of estimates submitted by the Secretary of the Treasury, which was a little over seventy millions of dollare. The next tabie shows how these were cut down by the Committee of Ways and Means to sixty-four millions; a third table exhibits a further reduction by the House on the appropriations reported by that com- mittec, of over six millions; the fourth table presenta a view of the work of the Senate ou the appropriation ills, increasing their ammount nine and a half millions over what bad been passed by the House; aud the fifth table tella what by the President, and what failed to pasa. With certain other genera! appropriations the amount of expenditures authorized by Con- «$42,000,000 «26,305,788 ao 1,282/612 Making a total Of.......-seseeeseee ee eee a4 5 286967 1,800 The point that strikes us most strongly in this tabular exhibit of the financial legislation of the last Congress is the contrasted deportment of the two houses on the appropriation bills. The House of Representatives cut down the estimates and proceeded to pass the bills, while the Senate increased them all, This difference of conduct arises from the fact that the Senate still pursues the vicious practice, now almost entirely aban- doned by the House, of ming the appropriation bis instruments for carrying through other legislation. It was this pernicious action that made the Post Office appropriation the vehicle for postal reform and caused its final failure. It is to be hoped that this practice will be aban- doued by the Senate, and then the appropriation bills can be treated pure and simple, and passed at an ewly dey of the session. Siichiicourse would effect a beneficial reform in the practice of our Congressional legislation. —_—_—_—— THE LATEST NEWS. AFFAIRS AT THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. The Sickies C; An Indictment Found by the Grand’ Jury—A Day Fixed for the Trial—Despatches from Our Ministers Abroad Relative to the Disturbed State of Europe—The Boston Post Office Question. OUR SPECIAL WASHINGTON DESPATCH. Wasaincron, March 24, 1859. Owing to delay on the part of the District Attorney, Mr. Sickles’ counsel appeared bofore the Criminai Court this morning, with a request that the Court would use ite efforts to bring their client to trial as coon a5 possible. Mr. Stanton, Mr. Sickles’ counsel, stated that a week had elapsed since the presentment of the Grand Jury hid been returned, and that so fur the usual indictment based on the presentment had not been sent them. The ac- cused was naturally desirous to meet the charge, and his counsel were ready to proceed with the case, and as others were associated with them inthe defence who resided at a distance, they would be glad to learn when the indict- meut would be sent up, and the day appointed for the trial. The Court assured counsel he had no control in the case. Tt rested with the District Attorney to make the neces- sary arrangements and appoit a day. The District Attorney at first gave them no satisfaction, ‘but @ually caid he would have the indictment sent up aud returned to-day, ‘The District Attorney, at three o'clock, appeared in court, and said the Grand Jury had found an indictment against Mr. Sickles for murder, whereupon Mr. Stanton, on behalf of Mr. Sickles, moved that an early day be fixed for the trial, and hoped it would be assigned for Monday next, and urged that accused was in prison, and under the Constitution was entitled to a specdy trial; that he had Beveral witnesses whose attendance could not be had unless the trial was fixed for Monday. The District Attorney denied the right of Mr. Stanton , ov bebalf of the accused, to interrogate him as to when he should be ready to try tho case. It was his option to say when he would try it. Ho denied the right of coun- sel in any way to call upon him to name a day, and while she disavowed any feeling against the nccused, said he would be ready to try him on Monday week, which was the shortest time he could name. The Court refused to give any directions as to the day of trial, and Monday week was flually fixed upon as the day when the case shall proceed. Despatches were received at the State Departmont this morning by the last arrival from Europe from eur Minis- tors at London, Paris, Madrid and Vienna. They all agree that war seems inevitable, newspaper articles to the con” trary notwithstanding. Mr. Dallas and Mr. Mason state that extensive preparations are being made, and that mat- ters op every side look warlike—that scarcely anything else is talked of. This question absorbs and swallows up all others. From Vienna our Minister writes that Europe is on the eve of a yoleano, complications thicken every hour, and great depression exigts in every branch of industry. The Postmaster General referred some days ago to the Attorney General the question of the removal of the Bos- ton Post Office. The latter has given an opinion, concur- ring in the views of the Postmaster General, that the removal of the office to Summer strect was illegal, and that it ought to be restored to State street, if the petition- ors pay the expenses incurred in getting a new site. THE GUNERAL NEWSPAPER DESPATCH. Wasutnatox, March 24, 1859. The Grand Jury more than a week ago made a present- ment against Mr. Sickles for the murder of Mr. Key. It then became the duty of the District Attorney to prepare an indictment and place it before them for their final action This he did to-day, when it was returned by them as ‘a true bill.” The reagon for the delay is understood to be that they might in the meantime have an opportunity to examine additional witnesses, more particularly rela- tive to Mr. Butterworth, so that if they discovered suili- cient cause they could indict him jointly with Mr. Sickles. Mr. Stanton, of Pittsburg, and Mosers. Magruder and Ratcliffe, accompanied by the father of the accused, came into court and asked that next Monday be set down for the trial, but after a conference with the District Attorney Monday week was agreed upon for that purpose. Much concern bas recently beon manifested by soveral of the foreign ministers regarding the Arizona omigration movement, and it has been stated that the administration is opposed to it on the surmise that it is connected with General Waiker; but the assurance is given that such is not the case, and ass consequence the opposition which ‘was raised against the expedition has ceased. As it is claimed tho administration cannot be adverse to legitimate colonization in the United States, a company of emigrants is forming in Washington. ‘The Circuit Court of the District of Columbia decided an important patent case to-day on an appeal from the Commissioner of Patents, The case was an interference ‘between the National Steam Gauge Company and William H. Farley. It was decided in favor of the former, assig- nee of E. G. Allen, Lieutenant General Scott has arrived. He had an in- terview with the Secretary of Wa ¢his morning, and will remain several days on business connected with his offl- cial position. Nicholas Cleary, of California, has been appointed Naval Storekeeper at Shanghac, China. Attorney General Black has this afternoon decided against the legality of the recent removal of the Boston Post Office. It now remains for the Postmaster General to take action in the premises. TT News from California, China, Australia and Mexico. Naw Ontxans, March 23, 1859. Tho steamship Quaker City is detained below from some ‘unknown cause. She is to sail on Sanday noxt, however, and will touch at Vera Cruz to land Mr. MoLano, the American Minister. The California maile per Quaker City have arrived. The mail steamzhipe Sonora, which loft San Francisco on the 5th for Panama, bad 400 passengers, and the Ori- zaba, which sailed on the samo day also for Panama, had 700 passengers. Tho brig Swite Boy had been destroyed by the Hudson Bay Indigns, in Nitinet Sound, the crew were captured by the Indiana, but wero afterwards released. Advices from China to Jan, 20 had been received at San Francisco, and mention tho bombardment of Nankin. (Probably by the rebels, though our despatch leaves us in the dark in the matter.) The San Francisco papers have advices from Australia, but no dates are given. The bark Temandite bad been wrecked, and ono hundred and fifteen lives lost thereby, at the mouth of the Mackenzie river. ‘Vera Orua dates aro to March 14. There is no nows of importance. Tho cities of Guadalajara and Moxico were under mar- tial law, on account of the near approach of the tiberala Degoiado’s force conristed of but 4,000 men. Tho liberals Lad stationed @ strong force at the National bridge to prevent the pu of Miramoa, The latter is feid Ww We unprovided with fouta, * Mr. GopaKn (rep.) reported against the bill to probibit Our Special Albany Despatch. TBE LIQUOR QUESTION—COMMIBSIONERS OF TAXES AND ASSESSMENTS—-AMENDMENT OF THE CENTSAL PARK AOT—THE QUARANTINE DAMAGES—THR FORE WASHINGTON IMPROVEMENT BILL RE-COMMTTED— THE STATE DEBT—REDUCTION OF CANAL TOLLS, bat a Atnany, March 24, 1859. ‘The friends, sincere and ardent, of a prohibitory liquor law, will not be able to place it upon the statute book during this session of tho Legisiature. Hlopes were enter- tained by them, at the adjournment last night, that éuc- cess would attend their perseverance, as they had suc- ceeded in @ motion to order the bill ta third reading. ‘This morning, however, a motion was carried roconsider- ing the vote of yesterday. The question was then takeu upon ordering it to a third reading, which was lost—46 te 60. The next thing in order was whether the House would allow the bill to go back again to the Committee of the Whole, which was defested—61 to 65. This virtually killed the bill, and its reconsideration this session is new entirely out of the question. Tho next effort will be te amend the present inefficient liccase laws; but as the afty friends of prohibition in the House will provent any alte. ration or amendment, the mattor may be seitied foc the eeasion that no law will be paesed upon the subject: so ninety-nine hundredths of the rum sellers in the State will continue, as they have during the last two years, in retailig the ardent without contributing towards the eup- Ere ck the ane or REDE the Mpaerinae Cartas a} Beng ‘The gallery of the Aesembly Chamber wag reserved te- day for the members of the New York Twelfth regimes which was subsequently occupied by a large numbor them. Preston King, United States Senator, was awarded the privilege of the Assembly chamber. Mr. Opeyke’s bill, relating to taxes and agsessments in the city of New York, provides that the Comptroiler of the city shall appoint three Commissioners of Taxes aad Arsestments, to hold office for five years, This Board is to be autormzed to appoint twelve deputies, and as mang regular and extra clerks as in their judgmeat may be no- cezeary. Fach commissiouer is to receive three thoueand five hundred doilars per annum, cach deputy two thou- tand, and each clerk twoive hundred dollars, as yearly salaries. The Board is empowered also to appoint a sur- yeyor, to bold office during the pleasure of the commis- siovers, avd receive a compe! of three thousand dollars per annum. The offices of Ward Assessors and Com igsioners ct Taxes, as now existing, are abolished, and all the provisions now existing are taken from the Eoard of Supervisors aud conferred upon this new com- nuekion. Charles McLane, ope of the present deputies, us in the lobby, and eee fo be the chief eogineer in rua. vicg this machine. He has coatldence that the “Grinding Committee” will put tae bill through, Amovg the bills reported by the Grinding Committee was the one amending the Centra! Park act. It was abont. bemg ordered toa third reading, when Mr. Coukling rose aud interposed objectiong, which throws it back in the Commiitce of the Whole, Whatis the matter with Mr. Conkling? Tbe amendment which he proposed, receiving the action of the Superior Coart in appointing Commis sioners, being agreed to, it was presumed that gentleman would wterpose no further objections to the bill. The bill providing for the assessment and collection of damages caused by the destruction of Quarantine proper- ty oceupied nearly the entire eession of the House, Mr. Christie oppoved the bill at considerable length, aa did also Mr. Bingham, of Rensselaer. Mr. Speuker Little- jebn, Mr. Conkling and Mr. Morris—three strong mea— bave advocated its passage. It will both houses. ‘On motion of Mr. Rielly, the bill laying out atreeta om Fort Washington Heights was recommitted to the Commit- tee on Cities ond Villages, Senator Diven’s bill for paying off the two million five buvvred thousand dollars of State floating debt—uncon- stitutional canal commissioners’ drafts—authorizos the Commissioners of the Canal fund to borrow the amount, reimboursible in eigateen years—the act to be submitted to the people at the next anpual election. With some half dozen proposed constitutional amendments, loan laws, &e., to think of, discuss and decide upon before next November, together with the merits of State and I officers to be chosen, we think the Le) have quite an amount of private legislation to accompiish. Senator Prosser is tor confirming the action of the Canat Board, on the reduction of tolls, as their resolution, intro- duced by him, contemplates:— Resolved (ifthe Assembly concur), That the Legislature re- commend that the Canal gad 0 8 aust the rate of toll from ¢ to time, as to comm: e revenue; to this end that the Le; 0 cobead baat tanoald Doar ane reduce the rate of toll on any and all Dow charged more than one mill per thousand pounds per mile to any rate the Dot lees than one mill ‘The Sonate has been in a rogular snarl relative to protest of the twelve Seuators against ousting Mr. Man- deville. Mr. Patterson (rep.) oftered a resolution ¢hat the protest be not received by the Senate. It was finally set- tled by adopting that motion, although a quorum of the Senate did not record their votes, and the President de- ciding the motion lost. Thus ends the Mandeville case. Senator Mather made inquiry when the gelect commit- tee would report in the Wetmore case. He ‘that the cemocracy had been cbi with delay in regard to sot- tiing the difficuity inthe Eleventh district, and he desired that the public should be . No tion was given, and the matter dropped. It is understood that Senator Laflin will present a report, ‘that undec the constiution the people have a right to provide in seasoa ‘or filling an anticipated vacancy. Mr. Wetmore will be admitted. NEW YORK LEGISLATURE, Senate, Auaayy, March 24, 1369. The committees reported favorably tho bill to incor- porate the Union Navigatton Company, aad the bill to eub- mit to the people « law authorizing a loan of two anda half millions to pay the floating debt. ‘Tho bill relative to the reorganization of the Health Department of New York, which wus recommitted last night, was again reported without apy amendment and sent to the Committee of the Whole. Mr. Proserr, (rep.) from the Committee on Canals, re- rted concurrent resolutions agreeing with the Canal Board in the reduction of the tolls made the and authorizing and empowering the Board Fate of toll at their discretion on all articles now charged one mill to any rate met Icss than one mill. Laid over an- der the rule. Mr. Mater, (dem.) on a question of privilege, inquired why the Special Committee on Mr. Wetmore’s claim to Mr. Mandevilie’s seat delayed their report. Mr. Diven (rep.) raised the point of order that there was not # question of privilege, and the subject dropped. The following bilis were considored in Committee of the Whole and ordered to a third reading :— The better to secure counties against toss by county To canoc) and discharge th the fo cancel an ge the mortgages on rt of the Auburn and Syracuse Ralltoua ‘Company’ created f bee thd 1838 providing for aid in the construction of sai é To reduce the capital stock of the Cayuga and Susque- hanna Railroad. To regulate the auditing of accounts by Boards of Su- pervisors. RBVENING SESSION. On_ motion of Mr. SD the bill relating to the ublic health of the vy! New York was referred to the iret le after to-day by a two-third ‘The bill to amend the charter and increase the powers of the People’s Loan and Relief Company was taken up in Committee of the Whole. After spending some time on the bill, Mr. Foor moved to amend it 80 a8 to repeal the Jaw sought to be amended. ‘The motion prevailed, three Senators voting nay, aud the bill repealing the said act was ordered to a third jing. The bill to determine the claim of James Hoy to the estate of John G. Leake came up. A long dpbate ensuod on the bill, which lasted till the adjournment. The report jg Committee of the Whole on the bill was jaid on the Assembly. Atuany, March 24, 1859. ‘The Twolfth rogimem of New Yerk State Militia were present during the session, the north gallery being re- served for them by a vote of the House. Hon. Preston King was also present, and the privileges of the floor wore extended to him. Mr. Rommnrorp (dem.) reported favorably on the bill Telative to the rights of labor. ‘The Grinding Committee reported another batch of pri- me bills, to bo reported complete. Among them are the To incorporate the American Missionary Association. To designate the holidays to be observed in the pay- ment of bills of exchange and promissory notes. To incorporate the Kane Monument Association, A motion by Mr. ScHoturm.p (rep ) to reconsider the vote ordering the Prohibitory law to a third reading prevailed by ayes 59, nays 45, The question was then Pong on the motion to order the bill to a third reading, and Same Was lost by 46 to 60. ‘The House then, by « vote of 61 to 66, refused to allow the committee to sit again, thus killing the bill, 156th streot, Now York, #0 as to give all parties ini 1 doing heard, and advocated ine aap oe s sab Sage carried, The bill to provide for ascertaining and collecting the amount of damage done to the property belonging te the nd debate ) ine Waele, up ated in Commitice of ) The Grind! pad oped SESSION, rinding Committee reported a number of bills among which was the bili to cularge th 4 toe ge the boundaries of the dit Mins (rep.) moved tostrike that out of the report. Las Mr. Megtuus, ¢rop.) trom the majority of the Committea on the Usury Laws, reported a bill to regulate the interest on the loan or forbearance of money. The bill leaves tho usury laws jn existence, so far ag relates to land contracts, bonds and mortgagee, judgments and matters of moneyed justitutions, and allows individuals to make such agree- monte for interest 8 they deem proper. Ta cage of sults ome ryee per tr only cau be recovered, . C. 8, Sraxcen (rep.) reported against the bill abol- ishing the Marine Court of New York. Agrood to. a the isaue of free passes by railroad cor; pada officers. Agreed to, ‘i ats! aa ‘The House debated tho bill to aasoas and collect damages for the dostruction of tho Quarantine buildings, aud order. ed the sano to a third reading, ‘The. Wil to provide for the payment of the. money ad vanced out of the treasury for the expenses of Uke L on Staten Mad, WAS VOXt debated and progress r upen tt ‘Cue bil to provide Lor tue gigetioa of luspeclors K eieg: