The New York Herald Newspaper, February 11, 1859, Page 4

4 WwW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OrviCe . W. CORNER OF VULTON aD MaGsAU OTB ERMS, cash m advance. Monoy sent by mati wire at the sod o the vender,” Popinge sampe met ase vr THE DAILY HERALD, too conte Si pe: nena. THE WEEKLY HRBALD ecory ed a conte Sh ese eae pet ae iene om Breas ras wo Ay port of ( Consinant. hath + protage; the ‘inched Galeria Balin on the 6h and Bh of each mon'h vt PGE yAniLY WEKALD, every Wednesday, a four cots per topy, of 82 per annum. MoruntaRy GORRESPONDANCE, rae ena awa, paid’ for. OR Formion Sort Et Bret + to Amal al, Lerrars amp Pacs- Aare SExt UB. Volume XETV........cceeesereesceeeeceses NOe SE ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street—Irauiaw Crzma—-Don Pasquate. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway.—Ivaxnor—Wan wring Bors—Dom Juan. |, Broadwav.—Afternoon and Evening— NIBLO’S DEN, Omoos Prasensancae Crarrep Honsss, Muuxs, 4c. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Jack Surrranp—Lirtiy Katr—Two Buzzanps, BURTOWS NEW THEATRE. Broadway—Oon Fsuae Aurnican Covsin—Kine’s Ganperxe. WALLACK'® THEATRE, Sroadway.—Tue VETERAN ; OR, Frgpos amp Acenia LAURA KEENE’S THEATKE, No. 644 Brosdway.—Ovn Ausexosy Covsin—Littie Savace. AMERICAN MUSEUM, Sroadway—Arcer- on and Necko Mixsramsy—Cuniositirs, 40. STREi. BUILDING, 661 and 663 Broadway— qmoriaw Boss, Dasczs, 40-—Nuw Yas Ostia, BEYANTS' MINSTRELS, aPC HALL, 4%/ Broad- way—Nrceo Sones any Bunixsques—WIDE Awake. SNIFFEN’S CAMPBELL MINSTRELS, 644 Brosaway.— Wevovies, Boxussqves, £c.—Dousie Beppen Roox. New York, Friday, Febraary 11, 1859. The News. In Congress yesterday the Senate adopted the sesolution granting Lieutenant Maury and Professor Bache permission to accept complimentary medals from the King of Sardinia. Senators Crittenden and Shields availed themselves of the opportunity to express the opinion that no sovereign better de- served the sympathy of the American people than Victor Emmanuel, the hope of Italy. The Com- mittee on Commerce moved to be discharged from the further. consideration of the subject of the establiskment of a uniform code of marine sig- nals, but at the suggestion of Mr. Seward the motion was laid on the table for future action. The resolution to admit the contestants for the Indiana Senatorship to the privilege of the floor, with leave to argue their case, was then discussed till the expiration of the morning hour, when the general order—Mr. Bigler’s resolution relative to the financial policy of the government—was taken up. Mr. Clingman and Mr. Simmons made speeches respectively in opposition to and in favor of the resolution. The Thirty Million Cuba bill was taken up. Mr. Foot moved an amendment, that no portion of the money be expended until a treaty for the annexation of Cuba to the United States be ratified by the Senate, and Mr. Pugh offered as a substitute to this motion that no payment be made involving more than $150,000,000 for the acquisition of Cuba. In the House the Ne- braska contested election was again discussed and finally laid on the table, thus virtually awarding the seat to Mr. Ferguson, the sitting delegate. The bill for the admission of Oregon into the Union was de- bated at considerable length, and twelve o'clock on Saturday next was assigned as the time for taking the final vote on the subject. At the evening ses- sion Mr. George Taylor made a speech showing the extravagance and corruption that exists with refe- rence to the public printing. The report of the special committee appointed to investigate this matter will be ready ina few days,and some as- tounding revelations are anticipated. Inthe State Senate yesterday a bill was intro- duced directing the Attorney General to commence a suit to determine the title of the West Washing- ton Market property, so as to dispose of the same and devote the proceeds to the canal enlargement. It appears, however, that this property, if it does not belong to the city, belongs by law to the Com- mon School fund. A bill creating a Board of Health for New York, composed of medical men, ‘was reported upon favorably. Notice wus given of a bill to prevent the erection of Quarantine buildings either on Coney or Long Island. In the As- sembly the Canal Tax bill was discussed in com- mittee, and made the special order for Wednesday next. The steamship Circassian, from Galw: with a portion of the Weser’s passenge from St. Johns, N. F., for New York, on the t Being disable her machinery, and having two flanges of her screw broken, she would proceed under canvass, and may not arrive here for some days yet. By the arrival at St. Louis of the overland mail, which left San Francisco on the 17th ult., we have news from the Sandwich Islands to the 25th of De- cember. Honolulu had been visited by a severe storm, Which flooded the streets, in some instances even submerging the houses, whereby from ten to twenty thousand dollars worth of property was destroyed. The whaling season had closed, and ‘was regarded as an unprofitable one. During the season 218 whale ships hed arrived at Honolulu, with 130,000 barrels of oil and upwards of 1,500,000 pounds of bone. ‘The Virginia Whig State Convention met at Rich- mond yesterday, Wm. Ballard Preston presiding. The attendance was large and enthusiastic. Wm. L. Goggin was nominated for Governor. The annual election for officers of the American Institute was held yesterday afternoon. The polls were open from three until seven o’clock P. M. Three tickets were voted for—the “regular,” “irre- gular,” and the “members” tickets. The former ticket was the favorite, and was elected. Prof. James Renwick was elected President. At the meeting of the Board of Aldermen last evening a message was received from the Mayor on the subject of the West Washington market grounds, in which he recommended that the Corporation Counsel be directed to defend the tenants of the market in the pending suit at law. A resolution embodying the suggestions of the Mayor was there- upon offered and referred to the Committee on Markets. The Conference Committee on the tax levy stated that they wonld be ready to report this evening. A resolution was adopted providing for the appointment of a joint committee to report Without delay what measures are necessary to pro- tect the rights, privileges and franchises of the Cor- Poration, as guarantied by the Montgomery and Dongan charters, from the assaults of the insatiable Dlack republican legislators at Albany. The Board of Councilmen met last evening, and, after receiving » fow unimportant papers, adjourn- ed to meet on Fri’uy, when the tax levy will come up for final action. A petition was received from the Trustees of the Fire Department to appropriate @ lot for a powder magazine, A resolution direct- ing the City Inspector to advertise for proposals for cleaning the streets was laid over. The Board concurred with the Aldermen in granting Engine Company No. 48 a location for a new house. In the Court of General Sessions yesterday Rer- nard Sprince, a respectable looking youth, who ‘was jointly indicted with Julius Glus, for burglary and receiving stolen goods, was convicted of the latter offence and remanded for sentence. It seems that on the night of the 26th of October the store of Joseph M. Strong was entered, and 711 bundles of sewing silk of the value of $2,133 were stolen. The officers found $75 worth of the property in the ith ult., we vie NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1859. Possession of the prisoner. The Recorder stated, on the rendition of the verdict, that he had been informed that over fifty receivers of stolen property were in court awaiting the result of the trial. The Gourd Jury presented a large number of indict- ments, and retired to resume the discharge of their dices. The acci-ed parties wore arraigned in the & 'c:100n, and plea !ing not guilty, were rema iced for trw!, A bench warra.t was issued for the ar- rest of George L. Ward, an alleged extensive bogus steamboat ticket vender, who has just been indicted, and he was committed to prison: without bail. Al- ived Morris, charged with stealing a watch and other articles from John K. Haskett, pleaded guilty to petit larceny. He was sent to tie penitentiary for six months and fined $50. John Murphy and Michael Hannagan, indicted for a felonious assault upon Alexander Annett, by attempting to kill him on the 2d of November, pleaded guilty to assault and battery. Cornelius Flynn, James Enright and Patrick Connors pleaded guilty to committing a similar offence on Andrew Hanley. The defendants will be sentenced on Saturday. Alfred Curtis pleaded guilty to burglary in the second degree, and, was sentenced to imprisonment in the State prison for six years and six months. An interesting conversational meting, with re” ference to the American Association for inventors and exhibitors, was held on Tuesday evening at the Cooper Institute. Our sketch of the debate will repay perusal, as some hints were thrown out that a reportfrom the executive committee is needed. The cotton market yesterday coutinued to rule heavy for middling and lower grades, while holders of flac cot- tons were not pressing them. The sales embraced about 1,800 a 2,000. bales, ebiefly in store, and additional sales o/ about 500 a 1,000 were reported, but we could nor fally trace them. Although not reliable as a basis of prices geveraily, and cspecially for the finer and higher quali. tice, we quote"middling uplands at about 1! Sg. Common apd medivm grades of State and Western flour were firm. er, while sales were more active, bet confined chiefly to the home trade. Wheat was without change of moment; Michigan white cold at $1 50, and Milwaukie club at $1 20, Corn was quiet and prices unchanged. Pork was firmer and more active, with sales of new mess at $18 60 a $18 6214, and old do, at $18, with prime at $13.0 $13 6234. Beef and lard continued to rule firm, The sales of sugar mbraced ;abeut 600. 600 hhds., 100 do. melado, and about 500 boxes, at rates given in another place. Coffee was steady, bat quiet, Freight engagements continued to be light and rates unchanged. Our Presidential Candidates—The Ascendency of Politicians and With the tinal overthrow and dispersion of the old whig party two new parties arose from its ruins, nd from tbe disintegrations of the old democratic party, to wit: the late great Ameri- can or anti-Popery party, and the still formidable republican, or Northern anti-slavery party. And we have thus at the present day three very uncer- tain parties in the field—the dismantled pro- slavery democracy, the anti-slavery republicans, and the fag ends of the Know Nothing camp. These general organizations are subdivided into factions and cliques, which, taken in the lump, will mus- ter between twenty and thirty candidates for the next Presidency. This would all be well enough if, in this mat- ter, the doctrine would apply that in a multitude of candidates there is safety. But, unfortu- nately, with a saving exception or two, this whole schedule of Presidential aspirants is made up of professional demagogues, briefless lawyers, scheming politicians, party hucksters, and ‘men of Buncombe. Take, for example, the outstand- ing list of our republican party aspirants— Seward, Banks, Chase, Hale, Lincoln, Cameron, and such. And which among them has ever been distinguished fur anything in a public capacity, excepting his Buncombe speeches, and his shrewd electioneering devices for compassing the honors and emoluments of office? Next take the democratic catalogue of Wise, Hunter, Douglas, Davis, Seymour, Dickinson, Fer- nando Wood, and such; and who among them upon submiesion to the crucible of an impartial judgment, will turn out anything better than the scheming, selfish and unscrupulous politician? With regard to the rump of the American party, it appears that its central caucus managers at Washington have substantially decided upon dropping such respectable and able party men as Crittenden and Bell, and are disposed to try the speed and bottom of “the immortal Botts,” whose moet conspicuous political achievement was his effort on the bank question, during John Tyler's administration, to “ head him or die.” The public services of the whole catalogue of Presidential politicians—republican, democratic and Know Nothing—will vanish into thin air when reduced to the test of a comparison with the substantial and glorious patriotic achieve- ments 6f such a man as Gen. Scott. The Cana- dian border, the swamps of Florida, the belli- gerent State of Sopth Carolina, and the plains, mountains and valleys of Mexico, from Vera Cruz to the capital, will bear witness to his ser- vices, in the important duties of defending our frontiers against the invader, of reducing hostile Indians to submission, of quieting the nullifiers, and of conquering and annexing to the Union an empire of incalculable resources of wealth and commercial and political power. For these great services, extending through a term of half a cen- tury, what has Gen. Scott received? His com- pensations and returns as an army officer, which have left him as poor at the end of these fifty years as he was atthe beginning. To be sure, he has been once nominated and run as a regular whig candidate for the Presidency; but he was cheated in the election by the faithless politicians of that very party, as he had been once or twice before cheated by them out of the nomination. The debt due from the country to Gen. Scott thus remains unpaid; and the worst of it is that it appears to be overshadowed among the people by the clamorous pretensions of our modern spoils politicians. And while many of this abounding class of modern patriots are rolling in wealth and luxuriating upon the fat of the land through their various devices as guardians of the public treasury and the public lands, and the Congressional lobby, we find General Scott a living example of the fact thatthough “honesty is the best policy,” itis too apt to limit its re- wards to an honorable name and perpetual po- verty. The motto of the modern spoils politi- cian—‘get all you can, and keep all you get” — is the ruling maxim of patriotism in these degene- rate days. Thus the prevailing aepirations for public station, from the Presidency down to the office of policeman, are now reduced to a derfe- ralizing scramble of trading politicians, cliques and factions, for the spoils and plunder. And wimt next? Why, as the upward or downward tendencies of a great nation are marked by the purity or the corruptions of its public agents and aspirants for public honors, we may conclude, from the demoralization of all parties in Congress, and from the corrupting in- fluences which control the movements of all our parties and politicians for the Presidency, that we, asa nation, are on the downward, path to ruin, And when'Sur,political*parties have thus fallen under the contfol of cliques of Presiden- tial gamblers, and spoilemen, and lobby harpies, } 4nd loafers, nothing can save the country.from destruction But a popular revolution, In view of ® popular movement of this sort we have indicated Gen. Scott as the man, In default of some sich movement it is quite possible that the election of 1860 may result in the last President of the United States under our existing federal organization. Upon this point our greatest. public danger is public incredulity. It has been carried fur enough, in submitting so long’ and g0 patiently to the Presidential trickeries and public spoli- ations and corruptions of our utterly demoral- ized party caucus politicians. Public inditte- rence, therefore, to the signa of the times, and the shaping of parties and seotions and factions for the succession, may be visited ia the reau\ts of that struggle with the greatest of public calamitics. We must’ have a new order of things from the people, or we shall have a new order of things from our mischief making and disunion scheming politicians, One way or the other, we have before us, for good or evil, the elements and the contingencies of a sweeping revolution. The Drift of European Affairs, Every breeze that sweeps across the Atlantic is odorous of rebellion. The continent of Europe rests upon a bed of fire. The sensitive funds shrink at a few harsh words from the Emperor of the French to the Envoy of Austria. Stocks quiver at Paris, shake at Berlin, and fall down at Vienna, It is beyond peradventure that European politics are drifting towards a general revolution like unto that of ’48. It may not come this year, nor the next, but that such ip the tendency of affairs no sane man can doubt. We, at this distance, can judge of the affairs of Europe better than those who are on the spot. The despotic system represses all public sources of information, and the movements of the “ dan- gerous classes” can only be inferred from corres- pondence, either public to the journals of England and the United States, or private between liberals and their sympathisers who have been exiled. It is from such sources that we ascertain the facts in the case, The recent movement of the Em- peror of the French finds no favor with his own party, which is the party of peace and order. There is deep-seated discontent in France, Eyer since-the afiair of the Rue Lepelletier the gay life of Paris has had a skeleton at its feast—a dread apparition which flowers and wine, and ladies’ smiles and courtly splendors, could not hide. The Imperial crown rests upon bayonets; the Imperial battalions parade steadily over a mine, which may explode at any moment. There is discontent, too, in Germany. The men of *48 are still in the field, strength- ened by experience, and only nerved to courage by defeat. Prussia is not quiet; Austria is far from being placid; the Poles and Hungarians are panting for revolution. In Italy the intense hatred of the native population towards the Austrians, a feeling that breaks out daily in spite of bayonets and chains, and whips and dungeons, is well understood here, ‘Thus the liberal forces are caimly waiting and preparing for the day when a grand coup shall be made, and the thrones of the despots toppled down. But, says the superficial observer, things look calmly enough now. What if the French Em- peror does not dare to show his face on the Boule- vards unless surrounded by myriads of unseen guards; what if the workshops of Vincennes and the drill-rooms of Vienna do display unwonted activity; what if more troops are sent across the frontier, and what if Italy is ina blaze? Are not these all ordiaary precautions, and is it not blazing the normal condition of Italian affairs? True. It is true, moreover, that there was some reform agitation in France in °46 and 47, and banquets for the amelioration of the entire human race, beginning with Louis Blanc and Ledru Rollin. But before that time the press of Paris and the Continent gave signs of discontent. No doubt the socialists precipi- tated as well as defeated the revolution of *48. No doubt they are quite ready for another. They are always ready to upset old governments, but not always clever in replacing them. But under Louis Phillippe there was, compared to the present day, freedom of speech and debate in France. Now the repressive screw is turned on more tightly than before. Of course there is a point where it must stop, and then, as Louis Quinze said, “comes the deluge.” Now, the opposition journals of Paris—newspapers in- clining to republican views, if not radically re- publican—have the largest circulation and the widest influence. Such journals as the Siecle and the Presseare not permitted to declare openly their democratic sentiments, and they are glad to ventilate them by seizing upon the war side of the question in the affairs of Italy. Their syllo- gism is simple enough: Liberalism in Italy is li- beraliem in France, and vice versa, Shall the armies of the empire strike down despotism in Italy, and permit it to flourish in France? And thus, while the government” journals cry peace, peace, the opposition presses reiterate there is no peace. The discussion of exterior affairs commenced officially cannot be suppressed, and it is unfortunate for the Emperor that this Italian matter, although nominally exterior, hath yet a direct bearing upon the permanence of his throne, So we have a sudden diversion in favor of peace. The journals of the empire are pa- cific—the shopkeepers are pacific—the Bourse is pecific—and Messicurs the Prefecta of the De- partments report that the provincials are per- fectly lamb-like unless they can have a bout with perfidious Albion, when they would be roaring tigers at once, And that is all: The Emperors (French and Austrian) are to have an official meeting; smiles the Place de la Bourse and the Rue Vivienne. The surface is smooth enough. No seditious journals, no inflammatory pamphlets, no disor- derly assemblages, no solidarity of the nations, no Marianne, no bonnets rouges—no popular non- sense of that sort. The repressive system, and the remarkable police system, which always has everybody under surveillance, to prevent mis- takes, sees toall that, But thisrepressive system, by its very severity, works back upon its authors. The republicans work with no less ce- lerity becanse their labors are perform- ed in the dark, and with the glitter- ing knife of the guillotine always above their heads. The absolute monarchs walk calmly over a volcano, The cabinets split hairs over trifles, while the carth is trembling ander their feet. It would be as absurd to say that some of them did not know this as to assert that the republicans are not aware that they muat wait for the hour and the man. That they are surely drifting towards that hour; that the indi- cations of ’59 are identical with those of ‘48, and that the result will be the same unless some radical change is made in the policy of the great Powers, is a truth as immutable as the laws of nature herself. When the revolution comes it will be terrible, Not only are the governments stronger in mili- tary resources than they were ten years ago, bat the extension of the means of communice- tion by railways and telegraph places more power in the hands of the repablic. An uprising in fifty points at theeame day and nearly the same hour is not improbable, and we can hardly imagine the final issue of so wide spread and tremendous an outbreak. ‘The Cuba Question Not on the Siate for 1960— How ts Decision Will be Looked Upon in Europe, The politicians in Congress, after trying their hands-on several other issues, such as the tariff, the agricultural college, protection, free trade, and economy in the public expenditures, without making any headway in either, have at last taken up the question of the acquisition of Cuba by peaceful negotiation. There are half a dozen President making cliques in Washington that have been busy during the preeent session “making up the slate” for 1860, and they all want to do it without the Cuba question being brought in. That is a vast national issue, upon which they are all agreed; for they find that it overshadows their petty sec- tional issues. The fire-eaters of the South and the colder blooded black republicans of the North, the free traders of Georgia, and the pro- tection sedkers of Pennsylvania, the mariners and manufacturers of New England, and the great agricultural interest of the West, stand upon the same platform in regard to the peace- ful acquisition of Cuba. It is accepted every- where as a measure of political, industrial and commercial necessity, and has proved itself to be the great obstacle to the making up of the slates, and so by common consent they have agreed to place it far above the strifeful arena of President making, and to record it as a part of our national policy, to be acknowledged by all parties, Before Mr. Buchanan took hold’of the question, with the bold band of a statesman confident of his power, every politician in the country was afraid to touch it. They were willing enough to treat it as something in the distant future, but no one wented it brought up now. They could not see how it would turn, and, more than all, how it would affect their positions with the masses. In plain English, the politicians were afraid of it. But no sooner did they see how popular the measure was when Mr. Buchanan presented it— how it came home at once to every man’s business and bosom, and that it would overwhelm with political oblivion every one who opposed it—than they all wheeled into line as favorers of the acquisition of Cuba, and claimed only to differ as to the time and manner of obtaining it. Mr. Seward holds that it gravitates to the Union, and Tammany Hall resolves that it is destined to form a part of the confederacy. Mr. Branch timidly proposes, at first, to give the President one million, and then boldly amends his bill to read thirty millions. The fire- eaters denounce the plan of purchase, and Mr. Davis insists upon taking Cuba at once; when, presto, they change front, and Mr. Taylor proposes to give the President one hundred and thirty millions to enable him to acquire it peace- fully. The result of all this will be that Mr. Slidell’s proposition, that the representative body of the nation shall give an authoritative enunciation of the popular desire to acquire Cuba by peacgful means, will receive a sanction that will place it foremost among the questions of our national progress, The country had dis- cussed and decided the question before the politicians were forced by the President to exa- mine it. ‘This fact should and will make a great im- pression upon the statesmen and cabinets of Europe. It will increase our moral influence there, and tend to hasten the peaceful consum- mation of that great measure, s0 much desired by all. Onno question is the popular mind of this country so unanimous and so decided; and the governments of Europe are learning rightly to appreciate the desires and aims of the American people. They recognise, already, the fact that we have no wish to interfere in the dynastic arrangements and balance of power in Europe; and now they will see that we dare to take any step on this continent that is called for by our material progress or ou™ national developement, or that is requisite for our territorial security. We desire to take such steps in a peaceful way, and ina manner consonant with the interests of civiliza- tion all over the world; and wherever it becomes evident that in doing so we not only inflict no wrong on society, but confer upon it a practical benefit, by increasing the circle of its industrial activity, the statesmen of the world will acknow- ledge that such a course is consonant with the spirit of the age, and they will accord to it. In the short period of time that history claims as the period of enlightenment, the face of Europe has undergone the most marked changes of na- tional demarcation. All of these have been effected by violence, craft, or blood. It is ours to initiate the new policy in political develope- ment, that territorial changes and the re-crystal- ization of national forms may take place without danger to the peace and comity of the world. Tux Lossy Bustvess at ALpany.—The Se- nate at Albany have a lobby investigating com- mittee in full blast. It appears, however, that some of the witnesses in the Albany Bridge case were a little squeamish as to the jurisdiction of the committee, from which we suspect they possess a great deal more lobby information than they wish to tell. It looks to us as if the committee had thus struck upon a regular quartz vein, at an angle of forty-five degrees. But the committee would do better, we think, to extend their scope to a general lobby investiga- tion, with Thurlow Weed as the principal cul- prit. He has been detected in a little Washing- ton job of $5,000 on “free wool;” but this is a mere fica bite. His twenty years of lobby ope- rations, if fully exposed, would be equal, in their yield of rich chunks and nuggets, to Fre- mont’s Mariposa gold plantation. Let Thur- low’s lobby achievements be ventilated. The shortest way of getting at the brauches is to cat down the tree, Tie Coxcrysstonat Nava axp Prixrixa Txvesticatine Commrrrexs.—Rumors upon ru- mors of the most astounding digcoveries of cor- ‘uption by the House Naval Investigating Com- mittee are afloat, Let us hear from the commit- tee, then; let them finish up their work and ‘re- port, or their labors may end in smoke. We may say the same of Hon. George Taylor’s print- ing committee, He has been making the far fly in all directions; and between Wendell and Sea- man and various lobby jobbers and contractors, there is a terrible uproar. Where there is ’0 touch smoke there must be some fire—enongh, perhaps, to burn out all these public printing lobby rats. Let Mr. Taylor clote up his work as fast as possible, and report. Time is precious, The panic of 1857 gave’ Tise, as it will be remembered, to » good deal of apprehension for the condition of the working classes during the winter that followed. It was supposed that 8 revulsion whieh put a sudden and general stop to industrial and commercial operations of every sort must naturally affect, to a great extent, the immense number of artizans and mechanics who were dependent upon them for a livelihood. In October the panic reached its climax, and for several months afterwards the demand for manu- factured articles might be said to have wholly ceased. The fears created by this atate of things led to the belief that bread riots and attacks upon private property would follow, and that the peace of the city would be daily distarbed. The arrangements made to meet the pressure for re- lief, contemplated on the part of the poor, were by most people deemed inadequate to avert these dangers. In spite of all forebodings we tided comfortably over that dreaded season, the de- mands upon the charitable institutions of the city and upon private benevolence being not only much fewer than were expected, but even relatively less than are looked for in the most prosperous times. This fact, of course, puzzled some of our poli- tical economists and humanitarian philosophers, and various were the speculations put forward to account for it. The prevailing notion seems to have been, that during the period referred to the working classes of New York lived upon their econoynies of the previous years, and thus passed safely through that season of trial. We have before us a document which exposes the erroneousnens of this impression, and which also serves to demonstrate the true character of the panic itself. From a summary of the amount on deposit in ten of the principal New York savings banks we find that, whilst in January, 1857, the deposits were only $32,452,000, and the number of depositors 151,000, in the January of this year (1859) the deposits are $36,709,000, and the number of depositors 160,040. Thus in the year and a half succeeding the panic the in- crease in the savings of the working classes of New York, as shown by this table, alone has been nearly four millions and a half, whilst the num- ber of depositors has increased by upwards of nine thousand. The conclusions to which this statement points , are still further borne out by the fact that du- ring no winter within the remembrance of the city authorities has there been less suffering or fewer applications for relief amongst the indus- trial classes than during the present. Although this may be said to be in part owing to the un- precedented mildness of the season, it is mainly to be attributed to the sound condition of our trade and the improved means of our artizans and mechanics generally. These data prove indisputably what we have all along contended, that the revulsion of 1857 only caused real distress amongst the speculators and gamblers, who, in trade as well as in the stock market, had pushed their operations to the wildest extremes of recklessness. Most of these persons were entirely ruined, and afew were but too glad to compromise with their ill juck by abandoning their splendidly furnished resi- dences and extravagant equipages for a more modest style of living. None of our commercial men who had carried on their business on legiti- mate principles, and avoided trading beyond their capital, experienced anything beyond a temporary interruption of their transactions. Manufacturing houses in general met the pres- sure by working at half time, and thus prevented the distregs that would have been occasioned by the simultaneous dismissal of their hands. Comparatively few of the large factories stopped work altogether, and most of these resumed again after a brief suspension. The consequence of these prudent arrangements was that me- chanics were subjected to no other inconvenience than that of being compelled to observe a greater degree of economy than usual for a short period, which probably exercised a wholesome influence over their moral habits. The dangers to which they were exposed during that winter no doubt had its share in bringing about the satisfactory results established by the table before us, by convincing them of the necessity of providing against the recurrence of similar pcrils. There is one other fact demonstrated by these returns which it would be well not to lose sight of. There is, as it is well known, a great ten- dency amongst the benevolently disposed to in- dulge in indiscriminate acts of charity. If the figures to which we have directed attention have any meaning, there is little or no want of em- ployment amongst the poor of our city. Those who have bodily strength and the will to labor have really no difficulty in finding work. It is only the infirm or the idle and viciously disposed who have occasion to seek eleemosynary aid. Now, care should be taken in distinguish. ing between these two classes, for the charity which is bestowed on the latter only serves as a stepping stone to the Penitentiary or State pri- son. There is no community in the world whose working population have more abundant facili- ties of employment than ours, and there is none, we may truly say, whose criminal statistics afford less satisfactory evidences of the fact. There is a radical fault somewhere, and whether this lies in the ill directed administration of our public charities, in the defects of our criminal system, or in both of these causes combined, steps should be taken to remove from the cha- raoter of our city so unnecessary a stain. Opsrevction or THE GENERAL GovERNMENT.— The intelligence we received from Washington yesterday (published this morning), relative to the state of affairs now existing in the federal capital, indicates that the President is almost abandoned in his efforts to carry on the govern- ment of the country. All the politicians who have any direct interest in the Presidency of 1860 are engaged upon that question, and those who are too small to fly at that game are either preparing to feather their own nosts with the spoils under the new administration, or are bar- gaining for the sale of their votes and inflnence to Presidential aspirants, In this exigency it is surmised that the Presi- dent will have to resort to the extreme measure of a general clearing out of all the federal offices, from the Cabinet down, and institute a new order of things, and, moreover, will ask of the next Congress, at the otra session which scems now inevitable, to institute a rigid examination into the accounts of all the federal officers throughout the country for twenty years past, in order to get at the bottom of the corruption which is be- lieved to exist extensively in all departments of the government. IfMr. Buchanan has the pluck to adopt this course, he will be effeoting the most wholesome revolution which has taken place since the foun- ation of the government. Such a measure vigg- a a eT ee roualy carried out would purify the whole politi- cal atmosphere of the country. It looks as ir it must com’¢ to that in the end. New You News sy Way or Boston—Tum Hoax Apovr tue Forry-seconp HiGHLANDe =ns.—In anotha™ column we publish a history of the hoax touching: the Forty-second Highlanders, It originated with a New York correspondent of a Boston paper, whence it was copied into the New York journals, This canard is a fair speci- men of three-fourths of the news from New York letter writers whioh appeafs in the provin- cial papers throughout the United States Another recent specimen was the fabricated ad- dress of Mrs: Fanny Kemlbfip to the Mount Ver- non Committee. In ordor to gain or maintain credit for enterprise and industry in finding out news whieh does not appear im the New York journals, they invent it by wholesale, and trast to good luck in not having it contradicted, which indeed seldom happens, as the gossiping traeh is generally too ridiculous for notiee. This ingenious device created quite an excite- ment, for a few days, in New York, comewhat like that when it was discovered there was “a lost prince” of the royal blood of France in the United States, and every one exclaimed, “Is there a Bourbon among us?” One good has come from it: We have found out what would be the generous and enthusiastic reception the Forty-second Highlanders would meet with if they oid visit our shores. Some twelve or four teen years ago the English papers announced the death of Lord Brougham, and the Londoa Times, which had been rather hostile to him a suoit time before, came out with a long eulogy, which it published asa leader. It is suid Lord Brougham enjoyed the joke amazingly, of read- ivg bis own obituary in the 7imes, and finding out beforehand what that journal would say of him after death. In the same way the Forty- second Highlanders will discover what New Yorkers would say and do should that famous regiment ever visit our great metropolis, Democracy AND Cusa In Connecticur.—We give eleewhere the report of the proceedings and resolutions adopted at the Democratic State Con- vention of Connecticut, held at Middletown on Wednesday. It will be seen that the adminis- tration and the policy of attempting to ae- quire Cuba by negotiation are fairly and squarely endorsed, and that Connecticut is fully up to the mark on the great national issue now before Congress. The reports of the speeches which we give are from opposition journals, and may not, therefore, correctly rep- resent the sentiments of the speakers; but even in these it is evident, from the enthusiasm of the audience, that Cuba was the theme that came home to every heart. Should Congress not give the President the authority and means proposed in the Slidell bill, the State contest in Conneo- ticut will be fought on this practical issue, and carried ‘riumphantly at the polls. ‘We also have a report of the Cuba mecting at New Rochelle yesterday, which is the first popa- lar demonstration on this question in this State. The success which attended it will bring out other movements of a similar character, that will revolutionize the political aspect of New York. All the old divisions in our State politics har monize on the Cuba question, and hard shells, half shells, soft shells, hunkers, barnburners and free soilers stand together in solid phalanx. The fact of an issue that commends itself alike to merchants, mechanics, farmers, dairymen, millers and manufacturers, will heal all party | splits, and call out the sound common sense patriotism of the whole country, Tae Sicxtes aNp Burrerwortu Correspon- pENcE.—Notwithstanding that the rumors of a hostile correspondence, arising out of the Tucker and Sickles duelling fiasco, having passed between Mesers. Sickles and Butterworth, at Washington. have been contradicted in some quarters, itis still confidently asserted that communications of a character anything but friendly have been ex- changed between the parties. While it is a mat- ter of very small importance to the non-gossip- ping public whether these gentlemen are on good. terms or on bad, we think that, for the pu of setting themselves right, they should either publish the correspondence alluded to, if any such exists, or deny its existence in their own be- half, and thus silence the scattering rumors fly. ing about in connection with the affair, Let us have an authentic explanation. THE LATEST NEWS. AFFAIRS AT THE STATE CAPITAL. nee Our Special Despatch from Albany. THE WEST WASHINGTON MARKET PROPERTY—THR LOBBY INVESTIGATION—THE REGISTRY LAW—THR COST OF THE QUARANTINE WAR, ETC., ETC. Aunany, Feb. 10, 1860. The action of the Commissioners of the Land Office, the 24th of April last, in leasing the ground in front of the ‘Washington market in the city of New York, has awakened the rural members of the Logisiature as to the ownership of that very valuable property. If we are not mistaken, the Depzty Secretary or State, 8. W. Morton, Keq., was about the first individual who took steps on the part of the State by which the title to that Property might be tested, whether in the State or the city of Now York. The lessees, Masars. Brennan and Taylor, instituted a suit against the Corporation of the city in behalf of the State, and now it seems conceded on all hands that the title is ‘vested in the State because it owns all lands below low water mark, and the Corporation never consulted, the State authorities concerning this lot of ground, This morning Senator Ames, a resident of Oswego county, | introduced a bill facilitating a decision of the question to the title of those valuable grounds? Cut up lots that property would realize an immense amouat, is said that somebody, perhaps not the city of New York, bas received rents annually to the amount of $67,000. If #0, the lessees could well afford to in Senator Ames’ bil] is, that he proposes the State al fell the property, and the avatis of sich sale to be « propriated for the prosecution of the unfinished canais this State.” Now, it matters not how much money people advance to complete the canals, there seems to ‘a‘disposition to rob the State of every dollar it besides. The jature has no right to make any gi appropriation. All lands lying .under water, as thi fashington property did before the city made « dump round of it, belongs to the Common Schoo! Fund of tl State. any revenue derived therefrom consequ belongs to that fund, And the constitution expiese } rovider that such fund shail « er remain inviolate. 1.0 we do not see that Senator Ani 1 be able te ob much for canal purposes from the sale of the Weet Was! ngton market grounds. We give a copy of bis bill hat the le of the city may see what scrapul their rural brethren baye for the interests of ‘This is a copy :— CF TO SELL CERTAIN LANDS AND APPROPRIATE THE AV AILS Section |, The attoruey Ceneral i ie quired. Jorthwith, either to take cherge of pending in the fupreme Uourt ‘of thls or to iuat ment shall be though! heat, me orry HERROF TO ti , WS In his ad, speedy determitiation of the title to Ina ‘Waahiee qin smarket inthe et northerly line of Vesey stree,, olty of New York, which piece or parcel of ‘about four hundred and eighty feet on Weat mreet, and tends westerly nvont four huodred and forty feet othe ‘on the westerly end (hereof, and which is more particu: dreiguated and described on'a map or diagram op file {a office of the mecretary of State, Bee. the title to the landa mentioned in the first f this net shail be adjudged to be to the State, polat three appraisors w appraise anid lola nop irate! tate Kngineer and Survevor. ‘em ‘The State Engineer sli.