The New York Herald Newspaper, January 4, 1859, Page 4

| 4 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JANUARY 4, 1859. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GOR , BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. and was remanded for sentence. He broke into the store of Michael Fitzgerald and stole 78 dozen of kid gloves. Bryan Feeny was convicted of a felonious assault, he having, on the night of the 14th of November, stabbed Patrick Conolly in the abdomen with a knife. The City Judge sentenced the prisoner to nine years and six months impri- sonment in the Sing Sing prison. Charles H. Smith, who stole eight barrels of flour, the property of Wm. Herring, pleaded guilty to grand larceny, and was sent to the State prison for two years. Wm. Reed was tried and convicted of burglary in the third degree in breaking into the premises of Chas. H. Craft, on the 4th of December. He stole $70 in pennies. Judge Russell sent him to the State prison for four years and six months, remarking that he would use his utmost efforts to prevent the increase of burglaries and the use of deadly weapons. The Central Park pond was finely frozen over yesterday, and @ good many persons were skating all day. In the afternoon some of the ladies made their début and began their lessons in balancing. There was good curling by some Scotchmen, by way of opening their favorite game, and if not in- terfered with by the snow last evening they were to play to-day. A sketch of the game will be found in another column. The foreign news received by the Fukon and Americas showing an improved condition of cotton in Liverpool, had afavorable influence on this market yesterday, which Closed at an advance of about one-eighth to one-fourth of accent per pound, with sales of about 1,000 bales, part in transit, part to arrive and part in store. For the latter prices closed firm on the basis of 12 cents perepound for middling uplands. The flour market was firmer with a fair amount of sales. Wheat was also firm, while sales were moderate. Corn was steady, and included in the sales was Western mixed at 78c. Pork was heavy and Sales moderate at $18 25 for new prime, while new mess was at $17 50 a $17 60. ‘The total stock of pork in this market, old and new, embraces about 66,928 bbls. against 30,301 on the Ist of December last, and 10,553 on the Ist of January, 1858, The total stock of old and new beef is 71,880 bbls. and tierces, against 46,492 on the 1st of De- cember, and 89,144 on the Ist of January, 1858. Sugars continued firm, with sales of about 800 bhds. at rates given in another column. Coffee was firm, but quiet. Freight engagements were very light and rates un- changed. The Re-assembling of Congress—The Pros- pects of the Session. The two houses of Congress, after their ten days’ recess, re-assemble to-day. In the interval since their last adjournment, the members with- in striking distance of their constituents have pretty extensively distributed themselves among the sovereign people. In the way of Presidential candidates, the city of New York has been honored by the presence of a fair proportion, including Mr. Douglas, Mr. Speaker Orr, and General Sam Houston. At the same time, the party managers and pipe layers for the succes- sion who have remained at Washington, have doubtless been busily employed with their con- sultations, conversations, plans and calculations in reference to the perilous contingencies of 1860. And yet we apprehend that none of these Pre- sidential aspirants or party managers of any party, or from any quarter, will be any the wiser to-day, regarding their chances for the spoils and plunder of the next administration, than they were a month ago, And so with regard to the recommendations of the President touching the great practical domestic and foreign questions of the day, we fear that, with the re-assembling of “the wisdom of the nation,” we shall not discover any en- couraging symptoms in favor of the public busi- ness pending before the two, houses, but among all parties, sections and factions, a state of “con- fusion worse confounded” than ever. The Treasury is short of funds; the demands upon it are heavy; they have increased, and are increasing; and Mr. Cobb’s sources of supply have diminished to that low ebb from which there can be no sufficient reaction short of a radical change of our whole revenue system, beginning with the tariff. In default of some reconstruction of the tariff sche- dules of 1857, there must be, at the tail end of the session, a new loan bill passed, or a new issue of treasury notes of ten, fifteen or twenty millions, to meet the current and anticipated ne- cessities of the ensuing fiscal year. And another loan, or another issue of treasury notes, will most probably be the alternative, from the appa- rent impossibility of harmonizing the demo- ralized and discordant President-making parties and sections of the House, or the Senate either, upon the specific duties recommended by the President, or upon the ad valorem system so earnestly pleaded for by the Secretary of the Treasury. In view of this “lame and impotent conclu. sion” on the great and momentous subjects of the finances, and the financial, commercial and business affairs of the country, the first prospect for the next Congress becomes a general assess- ment of the people under a law of direct taxa- tion, to meet the accumulated liabilities of the Treasury; and the next necessity, a general re- construction of our whole financial and commer- cial fabric, including the tariff, corporations, banks, bankruptcies, and a uniform system of financial checks and balances throughout the Union. The recommendations of the Message upon these subjects would doubtless prove to be too large and comprehensive to be met within the limited term of a short session by the best disposed and most harmonious Congress that could be picked out by the President himself; but still the immediate wants of the Treasury are within the reach of the two houses as they stand; and their failing to act in the premises so as to save the treasury during the ensuing year from absolute bankruptcy, or from loans or treasury notes at losing rates of interest, may possibly result in the alternative of an extra session, The chances of this alternative are increased from the gloomy prospects of any definite Con- gressional action this session, one way or the other, touching our relations with Mexico, Cen- tral America, Cuba, Spain, England and France, the filibusters, and the slave traders. There is every reason to expect that the suggestions of the President in favor of a temporary protecto- rate over the northern provinces of Mexico, in behalf of the re-opening of the Central American Isthmus transit routes, and in behalf of renewed negotiations with Spain for the purchase of Cuba, will all fall through. Thus left untouched ‘ished in Central America that may force a des- perate people to call him again to their assist- tance. No doubt the exposure of their intention to proceed to Honduras will lead to further.de- velopements of the true state of affairs in those regions, diciously postponed to the next as it doubtless will be; and yet we 8 t that much of the valuable remnant of the yemaining two months of the session will be ted in Bun- combe speeches upon this bill, tha bill, and this route, that route and the other. [his great pro- ject of a railway from the Missis¢ppi river over those timberless plains, mountain ranges and de- sert wastes intervening to the Pagific ocean, is a project which comprehends sucha vast field for the tricks of the politician and the genius and talents of the lobby jobber—guch magnificent chances for political capital and spoils and plun- der—that no member of Con ress interested in the Presidency or the lobby can very well re- frain from having a finger in the pie. We are, therefore, prepared for a succession of’ exhaust- ing speeches, North and South, upon this grand question of a Pacific railway henceforward to the fag end of the session; and then a hurried and careless consideration of the regular appro- priations, including numerous nice little lobby jobs, indemnities, claims, contracts, balances and what not, in the shape of innocent amendments, slipped in at the eleventh honr, before a boozy House or a sleepy Senate. Such are our anticipations of the few remain- ing weeks ef this factious, demoralized and Pre- sident-making Congress—a failure of all the leading measures, foreign and domestic, recommended in the President’s annual Mes- sage—any quantity of Buncombe speeches upon everything, and learned reports, magnificent bills, and splendid schemes of revenue, retrench- ment and reform; but no legislation, except upon the regular yearly appropriations and some in- .| dispensable jobs of the lobby. And with this miserable winding up of this Congress of tactious leaders, rebellious demagogues and mousing poli- ticians, we shall be prepared fer a schedule of domestic embarrassments and foreign entangle- ments which, before the dog days, will most likely demand an extra session of a new Congress, which will be nothing more than a new Presi- dential caucus of all sorts of conflicting party schemes thrown promiscuously together. If, against all the difficulties thus suggested, now and hereafter, the federal administration can still save the ship of State, the government and the Union, from a disastrous shipwreck, surely Mr. Buchanan will be entitled, in an un- paralleled degree, to the gratitude of the coun- try. And yet, whatever may be the shortcom- ings of this Congress or the next, from the fac- tious and demoralizing President-making and spoils jobbing demagogues of the day, we antici- pate, from the experience of the last twelve months, an issue to this administration clear and satisfactory to the country, even if the poli- ticians’ scramble for the next Presidency shall be followed by “the Deluge.” OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS TERMS, cash in adwonce. Money send by mailwill be at the slik @ @ sender, Pecags mamgies reed asteoaiee Lf DAILY HERALD. tico fonts per copy, $1 per annum. THE WEEKLY HERALD, evcry Saturday. ct vie cents per eopy, or $3 per annum; the Buropean Edition’ $4 per annun to | part of Great Britain, or $5 to any part of the inent, both to. poaiage. THE FAMILY HERALD, every Wednesday, at four cents per OF $2 per annum. ¥. MOLUNFARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing important Mews, solicited from any quarter of the world; if wsed, will be Her id for. ‘Ba-OCn FoueiGn OONUESrONDENTS ARE 'ARTICULARLY ReQUESTED TO SEAL ALL LetreRs AND Pack- 4Gx8 SENT UB. ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every day; advertisements in- werted in WEEKLY eames Fauiry LD, and in the in Editions. and Bur: OFbR PRINTING executed ‘eith neatnese, cheapness and de- ‘NO NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence, Welo not Peturn rejected communications. Work for the Legtslature. The Legislature, which will be convened at Albany to-day, commences its seasion under no ordinary circumstances, The republican majo- rity in both branches is overwhelming—a cir- cumstance which carries along with a cheering sense of power and a monopoly of the spoils a certain degree of responsibility from which no political dodger, however artful, can escape. ‘The exact position of the party in the majority may be summed up in a few words. Like all new political organizations, it originated with the dissatisfied members of the old parties, whig and democratic. Its leaders have artfully availed themselves of all popular issues, and car- ried with them avery large floating vote, con- tributed by people who, singular as it may seem, have still some confidence in politicians’ promises. The republicans alienated a very large and respectable section of the democratic party, and, with the debris of the old whigs, vent into business about four yearsago, The demo- cracy, always at war among themselves, gave the new concern no great trouble; but the Ame- rican, or Know Nothing party, coming before the people with certain marketable theories, and with the prestige of youth, freshness and vigor, caused the republicans serious uneasiness, and finally overcame them at the polls. Subsequent- ly the republicans again came into power, and have ever since had a sufficient plurality in the Legislature to secure the spoils of office, while at the same time they have pleaded the want of a working majority as an ex- cuse for the repeated violation of their pledges to the people. We are not aware that they owe anything to the democrats that voted with them, Volume XXIV. No.3 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Brosdway—Eavestaian, Gre- Rastio AND AckOBATIC FEATS—ST. GkOKGE AND THE DRAGON. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Cartaix Kr>—Poca- ‘Wow-ras—Two Buzzanvs. BURTON'S NEW THEATRE, Broadway.—Lavy or Lrons—Ma or Muxster—My OvEucoat. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Mercnant or Ve- 0K. LAURA KEENE'S THEATRE, No. 624 Broadway.—Ova Ameniwin Covsin—Tax Marnimp Raxs. 'M’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway—After- now a preaie Ban Bout—Hakuequin Vinson, WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 561 and 563 Broadway— Ermer ‘Sons, Dances, &c.—Souturey Lire IuivstRatED. MECHANICS’ HALL, 427 Broadway—Brvanrs’ MinstTReis —NzGRO SONGS AND BURLESQUES—SUYLOCK. CAMPBELL’S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway.—Erniorian Cnagactenistics, Songs, &0.—Dovste Benveo Roou, New York, Tuesday, January 4, 1859. To Paper Manufacturers and Agents. ‘The proprietor of the New York Hekatp wants to make arrangements for a constant supply of printing paper, fuch as the Herarp is printed upon, to the amount of 2,000 to 1,200 reams per week, payable in cash at the end of each week. Apply immediately. MAILS FOR EUROPE, Phe New York Herald—Edition for Europe. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Asia, Gaptain Lott, will leave this port to-morrow for Liverpool. The European mails will close in this city at eight o'clock to-morrow morning. ‘To European edition of the Henan, printed in French and English, will be published at half-past seven o’clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappers, six cents, Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the (Naw Youx Hurst will be received at the following places in Earope:— Lospos. m & Co. i Tatsngy iar Go ig Won srt Pans......Lansing, Baldwin &60.,8 de la Bourse. Lrvasroot..Lansing, Starr & Co., No. 9 Chapel street, R. Stuart, 10 Exchange street, East. Wavan.....Lansing, Baldwin & Co., 21 Rue Corneille. ‘Bamsura.. De Chapeaunge & Co. The contents of the European edition of the Henaxp will Pombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the office during the previous week and up to the hour of publication. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. New York Herald—California Edition. ‘The United States mail steamship Illinois, Captain Mc- Gowan, will leave this port to-morrow afternoon, at two o'clock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific will close at one o’clock to-morrow afternoon. | The New Yore Weraty Heratp—California edition @ontaining the latest intelligence from all parts of the yorld, will be published at ten o’clock in the morning. ‘Single copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will please send in their orders as early as pos iidle. party will fall to pieces. The Return of the Filtbusters=What Does | 'esolved to give the opposition a fair chance. the VW to Honduras Mean? The filibusters that went out in the schooner Susan have returned to Mobile, without much honor and less glory, as the guests ef Governor Seymour, of Belize, and the officers of her Bri- tannic Majesty’s steamer Basilisk. It will be remembered that after the detention of the bark Alice Tainter by the Collector of Mo- bile, a party of 138 of the filibusters got away from that port on the coasting schooner Susan, on the 9th ult. They were spoken at sea, en route for Nicaragua, by a vessel which arrived at New Or- leans, and one or two bogus telegraphic reports of a landing having been made, were sent from Washington. By the steamer Illinois we re- ceived a letter from our Panama correspondent, announcing that a revolutionary scheme was on foot in Leon, and that the filibusters were ex- pected to land at Omoa or Truxillo, and to cross Honduras into Nicaragua. But fate had ordered otherwise, and on the morning of the 16th ult. the Susan was wrecked on Glover's reef, about sixty miles from the British settlement at Belize, and nearly the same distance from Omoa, to which port she was evi- dently bound. Her passengers were taken to Belize, where Governor Seymour, disregarding all adverse reports, regarded them as ship- wrecked citizens of a friendly nation, and ten- dered them a steamer to convey them to any Southern port of the United States. When we remember the fierce announcements that if the filibusters met a British vessel they would fight her tothe last, there isa peculiar ring in the statement that the officers of the Basilisk have treated them in a gentlemanly manner. Glover's reef and Governor Seymour have given the coup de grace to the Walker filibusters. The plan to go into Central America through Honduras was a good one, so far as avoiding the cruisers at the mouth of the San Juan river was concerned, and if they really had the consent and connivance of President Guardiola they might have stood a chance for success. But now that they have shown their hand the gameis up. That point of the coast will also be covered by naval forces opposed to them, and President Guardiola will probably have his hands full with domestic troubles. The deportment of the English officials has been very praise- worthy, and we do not believe the filibusters will be so vociferous in the future to fight the British as they have been in times past. The solution which has been given by the wreck of the Susan to a perilous question has been a most happy one, and will save much trouble for all. There isan import, however, in the exposed plans of the filibusters which should not be dis- regarded. It is evident that they are not with- out friends in Central America, and that the course now being pursued by President Martinez, of Nicaragua, and President Mora, of Costa Rica, is not the course adapted to the establishment of peace and order in those regions. The centrali- zation of government and the founding of des- potisms are not what the Central Amcricans de- sire, and the alliance that is songht with. the despot of Guatemala by those two Powers is full of trouble for the future. The constitution which has lately heen adopted in Nicaragua is @ sarcasm on the name of constitution, and is one that can only lead to blood. The mistake must not be made by our government of supposing people, their performance being contingent upon the success which has been achieved. Now we find every department of the State government in the hands of the republicans, and now the follows:— cities. liquors. vernment in the metropolis. For the completion of the canals. The News. The steamship Tennessee, which arrived at New Orleans on the 25th ultimo, brought us some very interesting letters from Mexico, containing impor- tant news. Our advices are dated in the city of Mexico on the 20th and at Vera Cruz on the 22d of December, and the details are published this morn- ing. A telegraphic despatch from Salamanca re- ceived by the Minister of War on the 18th ultimo Announced the capture of Guadalajara and the rout of General Degollado by the Zuloaga troops, thus Confirming the reports to that effect already pub- lished. The United States ship Saratoga was at Sacri- ficios, in company with five French and three Span- ish war vessels, but nothing definite was known as to the objects 6f the last named squadrons. A num- ber of engagements, of an undecided character, had taken place between the troops of the government and those of the revolutionists as well as between the regular troops and the Pinto Indians. The Pintos had retired, partly in con- Sequence of the coldness of the weather; bat the more direct cause was the hot fire of the soldiers of General Echeagaray. The e: z g0- vernment had appealed strongly to F: e and Spain for an intervention against the approach of the North Americans. A number of silver bars, alleged to have been taken from the sacked cathe- Gral of Morelia, had been found in the house lately occupied by Mr. Forsyth, United States Minister, and this increased popular feeling against Ameri- cans. General Carvajal attacked the city of Pue- bia on the 13th ult., but failed signally, and the li- berals went off. General Corona with other friends of Santa Anna having been arrested in Mexi City on the 17th ult.,a good deal of angry ing was manifested, and an outbreak seemed for some time probable. Nothing of importance had been heard from the other chief States of the republic. The legislative department of the city govern- ment was organized yesterday. Alderman McSpedon was chosen President of the Board of Aldermen, Mr. Valentine was re-elected clerk, and Patrick Gallagher Sergeant-at-Arms. Henry Morford, reader, was re-appointed. The Mayor sent in his Message, reviewing the affairs of the city. We give it entire in to-day’s paper. The Board of Council- men organized by electing Charles G. Cornell as President, and Charles T4McClenahan as clerk. Franklin J. Ottarson, the nominee of the opposi- tion for the presidency, protested against Alexander Frear taking his seat, and Joseph McAdam claimed to be elected instead of Mr. Frear. Tt will be seen by the documents publistfea in another column, that one of the first acts of Gov. Morgan was to order the withdrawal of the troops from Staten Island. Accordingly yesterday the tnilitary eyacuated Camp Washington, and returned to their homes. We were visited by another snow storm last evening, which promised mach in the way of sleighing, and sent joy to the heart of Young America and the livery stable men. Winter has Come in earnest, and with its presence we may with the canals in the carrying trade. For the revision of the laws in relation to the qualifications of voters. For the regulation of the Quarantine laws, and generally. For the revision of the laws in relation to port wardens, harbor masters, and wharfage. The importance of some of these propositions can hardly be overrated. First, as to the registry law. We believe that the necessity of further guards of the ballot is admitted on all hands. In the city of New York especially each party accuses the other of the most shameless and unblushing frauds in the subornation of illegal voters. The proposed remedy—the registration of every voter preyious to the day of election, and the publication of his name and residence—is simple enough, and would be attended with advantages other than the tem- porary security of the right of suffrage. The Americans are committed in favor of such a law; the republicans have pledged themselves to enact it; the democrats do not yet openly op- pose it. The republicans have heretofore avoided adopting a registry law by a series of political tricks and evasions; but no lying will save them now. The registry law must be put through. The liquor question is rather more complex. It is certain, however, that the present excise law is a farce, and that a new one must take its place. This question, and that of municipal reform for the metropolis, are of grave import. It is not necessary to enlarge here upon the evils under whicle this misgoverned and tax-burdened city labors. Our people know, and the Legislature is quite well aware, that the government of the city of New York is radically bad, and that until the reform of the organic law upon which it is based— and that is the charter derived from the Legisla- ture—no set of men can ever make it much better. We want more power and a longer official tenure for the Mayor. We want a closer, more compact, more condensed government—one where some one will be responsible to the people for every- thing, holding his subordinates accountable to himself. The science of government is simple enough when the principles of common sense are applied to it. The difficulty with politicians is that they ignore common sense altogether. Look at our bungling, stupid, many-headed incompre- hensible department system, where everything is circumlocyitous, except stealing, which is too di- rect to be agreeable to the tax payers. The re- publicans have promised to give us a new char- ter and a more economical form of government. The new Governor isa metropolitan merchant and taxpayer. He should know what is expect very different weather from that expe | by Congress, it is highly probable that the inter- | that the Walker enterprise was one wholly desti- | wanted; and if he succeeds in bringing rienced sind ve i weeks. Pte Pre- | national embarrasements involved in these mat- | tute of co-operation in Central America, and | the matter before the Legislature and paring ourselves for the inclemency of the season t i 4 not fail to think of the suffering poor ers, which the President desires socarnestly to | that the principles developed by Mora and Mar- | having it acted upon with a good settle, will go on during the approaching nine months’ vacation of Congress from bad to worse, until, upon some exigency, Mr. Buchanan will be left to choose between the expedient of assuming the responsibility of a decisive line of action and an extra session of the two houses. Indeed, he may be required to anticipate an ex- tra session by some bold stroke of active inter- vention, here or there, and to convene Congress to confirm his proceedings, and to determine whether the policy thus adopted shall he prose- cuted to the end or abandoned. The Pacific Railroad scheme, in all its various shapes and by all its various routes, may be ju- tinez are heartily adopted by the people sub- ject to their rule. Reprehensible as Walker's course has been, and incompetent as he bas proved himself to be, his errors should not be laid upon the strong and popular party in Nica- ragua that desires a liberal government, and hates a constitution which gives to the executive the power of banishing his opponents from the republic without accusation and without trial. It is to be hoped that the return of the Susan’s freight is the last we shall hear of Walker and his movements. But in order thatit shall be so the nations interested in the prevention of fili- busterism should sce that tyranuics are not ostab- result, he will be entitled to canonization as one of the few Governors who have done anything more than issue pardons to scoundrels and com- missions to militia officers, We of the metropolis have a direct interest, also, in the regulation of the Quarantine laws, which can easily be made to meet the views of the merchants and the general public. The al- leged overcharges for lighterage, and the com- plaints of corruption and neglect of duty whis- pered against some of the Harbor Masters, will also call for the attention of the Legislature. ‘The Americans will demand that there shall be a law enacted—one of their pet measures—to pro- &round us, and of the many bearthstones which are cold and comfortless. An interesting meeting of parties opposed to the present game laws of this county was held at the American Express Company's office yesterday. Onur report contains the speech of Mr. N. R. French, which gives all the points. ‘ The January term of the Court of General Ses- sions was commenced yesterday, Judge Rassell pre- fiding. Mr. Waterbury, the new District Attorney, ‘Was present and conducted the prosecution of the Prisoners who were tried. The Grand Jury panel Was called, and a quorum not answering to their names, they were discharged till Tuesday. Jas. Mann pleaded guilty to burglary in the third degree, cal anal heeteeetoeredaield a avy more than we believe that that party has any distinctive principles whatever. But in the late election the republicans could not have won without the assistance of the Americans, who consented to a union in consideration of certain specific pledges made by the republicans, These pledges must now be fulfilled or the republican So much for the political aspect of the case. We come now tothe more popular view of it. What causes operated to give the republicans so sweeping a victory in the late election? There was no national question involved in the matter, so it must have beer solely a State canvass upon State topics. The people were disgusted with the vulgar squabbles among the democratic leaders. They despaired of gaining any useful reforms from the braves of Tammany Hall, and In return, certain promises were made to the people call fot the redemption of the party pledges, which involve the enactment of laws as For the registration of legal voters in the large For the regulation of the sale of intoxicating For a more thorough, firm and economical go- For the tolling of the railroads that compete the adjustment of the Staten Island troubles vide for aterm of probation to be served by naturalized’citizens before they become voters; and a very large party opposed to the Central Railroad monopoly will demand the fulfilment of some of the numerous pledges made by the re- publicans, and involving the completion and protection of the State canals. We have thus glanced briefly at some of the principal topics before the Legislature. There are others of minor importance, but the settle- ment of the old debts we have pointed out will be as much as the dominant party can conve- niently attend to. We will tell them now what must be patent to every unprejudiced mind: that they are in such a position that they must wipe out old scores or else sink into an early political grave. So the Legislature will be pleased to go to work at once. ‘The Mayor's Message. Mayor Tiemann sent to the Board of Alder- men yesterday his second annual Message, which appeared in the evening edition of the Heratp, and which is republished this morning. In many respects this document is an important one, suggestive, as it is, of improvements in our municipal system which experience has proved to be imperative. His Honor recommends seve- ral changes in the organization of our local government for which we have repeatedly con- tended—such as investing the chief magistrate with larger powers, thereby increasing his respon- sibility, giving him more control over subordi- nate departments, and rendering the heads of departments responsible to some power which can hold them in check. It is quite evident that as long as the Mayor has not the appointment and removal of those officers who are by law and thé necessary relation of their departments, placed under his supervision, he cannot exercise a control over them in conformity with the po- sition he is expected to occupy and with what is demanded of him by the public who clected him. This incongruity in our municipal system we have always condemned, and have argued for acloser assimilation to our federal system, in which power and responsibility are combined. The Mayor ments. He disapproves cably adjusted between the city and the State. nication at another time. ty of its outer embankment and rubble wall. The Message lays much stress upon the fact that the powers of the Common Council in the | disbursement of large sums of the public moneys have been misunderstood, and refers to the ex- penses of the Police force, the Almshouse Board, and public bodies, whose expenditures have been placed beyond their control by State laws, as well as interest on bonds and redemption of stocks, showing that although the Common Council are obliged, in the discharge of their duties, to vote appropria- tions for various purposes, they exercise no con- trol whatever over the disbursement of such sums—a point upon which we have always dis- criminated in our strictures upon the conduct and other commissions of the Common Council. In alluding to the Common School system, the Mayor says that the expenses of the School Board have been increasing every year since 1850 in a degree disproportionate to the in- creased wants of the community, and contends that under a less complex system than the pre- sent the children of the city could receive as good an education at a considerable reduction of the expenses. He suggests that the numerous local boards in each ward should be abolished, and the whole control and government of the schools should be placed in the hands of a single board of intelligent, educated men; and from the expertence we have hud in thd organization of these local boards, the character of the men who compose them, and the mode by which they are elected, there is no doubt that Mr. Tiemann is right. The Mayor intimates that he has approved of the purchase of the land extending from ]06th street to 110th street, and the addition of the same to the Central Park; but we regret to see that he has vetoed the resolution of the Common Council to widen Seventh avenue northward from 110th street, on the ground that it would make the Park a thoroughfare for vehicles from Westchester county and the northern part of the island, instead of the ordinary streets and ave- nues. This, it seems to us, is a weak argument against the proposition, because a simple regu- lation of the Central Park Commissioners could obviate the difficulty, by prohibiting any vehicles except private crariages and wagons from enter- ing the Park grounds, and thus prevent the transit of carts, public conveyances or market wagons—a rule which the managers of the Park would undoubtedly adopt. ; Mr. Tiemann avails himself of the opportunity in this Message, as in his former one, to con- demn the Metropolitan Police system, drawing attention to the fact that the expense of the force for this year has increased to the amount of $433,000 over that of 1853, when the police were under the control of the Mayor and Com- mon Council. He states it to be his belief that, under a different system from the present one, the city could be as well protected at a much less expenditure for its police force—an opinion enters somewhat in detail into the working of many of the depart- of the system adopted by the City Inspector with regard to cleaning the streets on his own responsibility, without advertising for contracts, as the charter provides. He also condemns the mode in which the markets are conducted by the City Inspector, and suggests that all those public markets which are not a source of revenue to the city should be abolished, illustrating the point by the fact that in other cities the markets are remunerative, while in New York they are an expense, under the present management. He hopes that the West Washington Market litigation may be ami- With reference to the Lowber judgment, under which nearly two millions worth of public property has been recently sold by the Sheriff under execution, he declares it illegal, and recommends that the Common Council shall apply to the Legislature to add the amount of it to the tax levy for 1859. He is of opinion that the City Hall ought to be restored to its original condition—as it stood before the fire—but that the contemplated additional story shall not be constructed. With reference to lotteries, mock auctions, bogus ticket sales, emigrant boarding houses, and other nefarious business operations the Mayor promises to make a special commu- The management of the Strect Department, under its present chief, Captain Smith, receives the highest commendation. So also does the Cro- ton Aqueduct Board; and in connection with this department he takes the opportunity to state that the new reservoir in Central Park, as it is now Being constructed, is perfectly safe, and ad- equate to retain the immense mass of water which it is designed to receive, notwithstanding the fears whichyhave been expressed as to the stabili- with which we think the whele commanity coincides, The Mayor represents the actual permanent debt of the city to be $9,962,679; and be con- tends that, notwithstandiag the increase in taxa- tion, the financial condition of the city “remains sound and healthful.” In accordance with the usual custom of all executive officers, he recom- mends economy in the expenditures of the go- vernment, and promises his hearty co-operation in carrying out this principle. It remains to be seen how far our new Common Council will act in sympathy with that sentiment. It may be fairly said of Mr. Tiematin’s Mea- sage that, although it does not set forth much that is new, it contains many good suggestions, and displays considerable knowledge of the re- forms required in our city goverament. These reforms, however, must be made in a great measure by the Legislature; and, judging from the elements which constitute that body, we en- tertain no bright anticipations that they will ever be carried out. Decrease oy Iroration—DisPLAaceMENT OF Lavor.—The immigration to this country during the past year exhibits, as we see by the publish- ed returns, a decrease, as compared with 1857, of 103,656. Some of our contemporaries ac- count for this remarkable falling off by the gene- ral depression caused by the panic, and the ne- cessity under which intending emigrants were placed of using the little hoards which they had laid by for this object. Although this may have in part contributed to it, we believe that the in- fluence which it exercised was small compared with other causes. If we were to seek in the ex- cessive immigration of the previous ten years the principal explanation of the decrease we would be near the truth. A continued drain of population cannot occur in any country without a sudden check being at times opposed to it. If the supply of labor be diminished, the prices paid for it will materially increase, and this will in itself stop the efflux of population. Ireland, from whence so large a proportion of our emi- grants are drawn, has, as it is well known, arrived at a point where her laborers can scarce- ly suffice to the wants of her own agriculture. With the high premiums offered by the Eng- lish farmers during the harvest time to Irish reapers, there are periods when the Irish agriculturist finds extreme difficulty in get- ting hands to save his crops. The effect of all this has been to force wages up to a standard nearly as high as our own, and consequently to remove the main inducement to emigration. The same influences are, we believe, at work in Ger- many, though of course not to so great an ex- tent. Labor all over the Continent, as well asin Great Britain, finds at present a higher rate of re- muneration than at any period within the last quarter of acentury. This is the natural result of the enormous drain which we have made upon the populations of other countries, and which ia ita turn finds a check in the reaction which it has produced upon the labor markets of the Old World. Besides, it shonld be recollected that Australia has been for the last eight years com- peting successfully with us for the supply from those sources. The displacement of labor, like everything else, finds its limits, and we must not be surprised if we cannot succeed in depleting the life blood of the entire European na- tions. We have profited so largely by their su- perfluous strength that we can afford to wait pa- tiently the revival of the influences which have diverted it so long in this direction, New Men New Measvres—Wirnprawar. or THE TRooPs FROM QuARANTINE.—It will be seen by the general orders published in another column, that Governor Morgan has commenced his executive career by putting an end to the military occupation of Staten Island. Ourcrack regiment—the Seventh—will not, therefore, have an opportunity of displaying in camp the sol- dierly qualities of which they occasionally afford us an inkling in their Broadway evolutions. This is cruel of our new Governor, for preparations were being made by the numerous fair admirera of this gallant regiment to do them honor during their Staten Island campaign. There is no knowing the number of double sentry watches, moonlight pickets and stolen marches, that will be indefi- nitely postponed by this unexpected change of policy. Up to the last moment it was expected that Governor Morgan would have pers¢vered in the bellicose track of his predecessor; and the Seventh regiment were even under marching orders when this sudden countermand reached them. We regret the disappointment to that gallant corps, but we cannot well find fault with our new Governor for being the occasion of it. Republican though he is, he is not bound to ac- cept the heritage of his predecessor's follies and eccentricities. The military hobby of the latter was too expensive a one to be ridden any longer. It has already cost the State too much for any sane man to think of swelling the amount by an attempt to levy the expenditure off the inhabi- tants of Richmond county. Now that the re- moval of Quarantine has been decided upon, it is only in that prevision that a military force could be maintained there. Governor Morgan sees that such a pretext will not go down with any party—even his own—and he has, therefore, acted wisely in putting an end to a farce which has only had the effect of covering his predeces- sor with ridicule. Coroners’ Office. Scicipr, Love ayy Jeatovsy—Theodore Burrill, @ Frenchman, engaged as @ fireman on board the steamship Vanderbilt, committed suicide of Sunday night by stabbing himself in the heart with a dirk knife, Deceased, it ap- peared, was in love with a girl named ‘Mary McGuire, a waiter in the lager bier saloon of Josoph Faber, No, 304 Greenwich street, but, unfortumately, the attachment was hotmutual. On Sunday evening he called upon the girl and had an interview with her, when ho exposed a dirk knife and threatened to kill himself if she did not marry him, Mary succeeded, after much difficulty, in taking the instrument from his hands, but subsequently she returned it to him, when, without ‘a word, he plunged the steel into his “breast and killed himself on the spot. Coroner Schrimer held an inquest upon the body of deceased yes- terday, when the jury rendered a verdict of “guicide.”? Tux Fouty-riust Street ShoormxG CAst,.—Coroner Gam. ble held an ante-mortem examination yesterday in the caso of Edward Hennri, the Young German who was shot in a lager bier saloon in West Forty-firststreet by some partica ‘unknown, an account of which was published in yester- doy’s Heratp. The wounded man was in a vory low con- dition, but nevertneless he was able to give a Clear state~ ment of the affray, as follows;—Kdward. cnuri residing at 165 West Thirty-second street, peing duly s says:— L believe that Tam dangerously wounded, and have tho fear of death before me; on New Year’s morning E was in company with avout o dozen others 4 attempted to get into a i bier saloon in Forty-first. street, between ith and Ninth ave- hues, but the door was fastened and we could net in; we then went away; afler we had left and gone a few steps, a large man with a red tyeard told ua tocoma back: he said he thought we were rowdies and that wa the reason he would not tet. us ir., we turned back to go into the saloon, when just as we to tho door a shot was fired from the inside; I wag ding om the sidowalk, and did not know that I was wounded until somo time after id gun Teas ana t a not know who discharged e gun; jo) feo he the tie ’ ynder and others were with RAILROAD Accioent.--Coroner Jackman held an inquoat at No. 280 West Righteenth stroet, upon the body of a laboror mamed Daniel Neville, who was run over and killed on the Hudson River Railfond. Verdict, “Accidental death.” Deceased was thirt: 4 Iremnd, Irty-cne yours of age ant was a native of awe i i |