The New York Herald Newspaper, December 7, 1858, Page 1

WIIOLE NO. 8) _ NATIONAL AF b THE PRESIDENT New Polit’ the V The B cary of ( ~~ 4al Reports from ., War, Post Ofites, Public Land De- «s and Bureaus, ke, &e. THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE. ‘Weriow Crmmuxs oF Tue SenaTE anv House or Reveeseyra- }. nv ‘When we compare the condition of the country at the present cay with what it was one year ago, at the met ying of Congress, we Lave much reason for gratitude to tat Almighty Providence which has never failed to in- terpose for our relief at the most critical period of our history. One year ago the sectional atrife between the North and the South on the dangerous subject of slavery had again become £0 intense as to threaten the peace and perpetuity of ibe coafederacy. The application fur the admission of Kaneas asa State into the Union fostered this vahappy agitation, and brought tue whole sudject enee mere before Congress. IH was the desire of every Patriot that such measures of le jon might be adopt @d 8 would remove the exeitoment from the States, aad eontine it to the Torritory where it legitimately belonged. Much has been done, lam happy to say, towards the a» @omplishment of this object, during the lst session of Gongress. The Supreme Court of the United States had previonsly decided that all American citizens have an equal right to take into the Territories whatever is held as property rthe laws of any of the States, and to hold such erty there under the guardianship of the federal con tion, e0 long as the Werriorm! coudition shail re meu. ‘This is now a well established position, and the pro © qeedings of the last session were alone wanting to give it practical effect. Tho principle has beon recoguizad, in some iorm or other, by an almort unanimous vote of both heures of Congress, that @ Territory bas aright t come into the Union either az a free or a slave State, according $0 the will of a majority of its people. The just equality of all the States hag thus been viodicated, and a fraitfal poerce of dangerous dissension among them has been re- moved. Whilst such bas been the beneficial tendency of your legislative proocedings outside of Kansas, their intlaence has Deen nowhere wo happy as within that Territory it- eeli. Left to manage and control its owa aitairs im its ‘own way, without the pressure of external influence, the revolulonary Topeka organization and all reeistance to Qe territorial government established by Cougress, have Deen finally abandoned. Asa natural consequence, that fine Territory now appears to be tranquil and prosperous, ‘and is attracting increasing thousands of immigrants to make it their happy home, ‘The past unfortunate experience of Kansas has euforoed the Yesson so often already taugbt, that resietance to law- “fel y, under our form of government, cannot fail Ju tthe end to prove disastrove to its authors. Had the of the Territory yielded ebetionce to the laws en- acted by their Legisiature, {i would at the present mo- ment have contained a large a/uitional popaiation of industrions and enterprising citizens, who have been de ferred from entering ita borders by the existance of civil strife and organized rebellion. TTR CADIS OF THE KANSAS TROUBLE, It was the resistance to rightful authority afd the per- fevering attempts to establish a revolutionary government the Topeka constitution which caused the people: Kansas to commit the grave error of refusing to vote delegates to the convention to frame a constitytion jaw pot denied to be tairand just ia its provi ‘sions. This refueal to vote hax been the prolific soured of tll the evils which have followed. their hostility to Territorial overnment they disregarded the pranciple, 1y essential to the working of our form of govera- , that a majority of those who vote—not the ma who may remain at bome, trom whatever cause— decide the result of an election. For this reason, to take advautage of their owa error, they denied ‘sutlprity of the convention thus elected to frame a ‘ute. ‘The PMaventioa, notwithstanding, proceeded to adopt a ‘courtffsvion unexceptionable in ite general featares, and Providiog for the submission of tho slavery question to a vote of the people, which, in my opinion, they wore bound to do under tie (Kansas and Nebraska act. Tris was tho all-important question which had alone convalsed the Territory; and yet the opponents of the mwful go ut, persisting in their frst error, refrained from Lut to vote, and preferred that slavery eo other than surrender their revolutionary Topeka organization. Weiser and better spirit seemed to prevail bofore the Monday of January last, When an election was held the constitntion. A Majority of the people then 9 Governor and other St:te officers, for a mom. of Cougeres, and mem! the State Legislatare, ele@ivon wae warily contertod by the two political 44 poner vou was polled than at myority of the members to that party whieh had The anti slavery party were ni the polities! power of was in their own hands. Had Congress atmit sto the Cajon under the Lecomptoa constita the Legislature might, at its very frat session, have question Ww a vote of the poople, whethor ‘would of wou! Rot have a convention to amond y othe ,and have adopted all ’ ly effect to the will of the majority question would have been immediately aud nally Under there cirenmatances, | submitted to Congress the comatiwtion thus framed, With all the officers alreniy elected! necessary to put the Slate government inte opera. a rom recomunetation in favor ‘admisaion of Kansas as a State. In the course of Jong public lifel have never performed any official whieh, in the retrorpect, bas aflorded me more heart satiefuction.” Its admission ¢ouli have inticted no ble injury on any haman being, whilst it would, ‘a bricf period, hare reetornd peace to Kansas and y to the Union. In that event the slavery question ore thie have beon finally settled, according to the ‘expreased will of a majority of the ¥. ad reignty would thus have bevn vindicated in al manner. Mth my deep convictions of duty, T could havo por no other course, It is trio that, as an I had expresses? an inton, both be: during the session of the convention, in re the remaining ee Of the com Pits woll as that concerning slavery, to the poopte, toting (0 an Official character, neither myself ner any in nathority had the power to rejadge the proceed he contention, and declare the constitution which framed to be a nullity. To have do ‘been a viviation of the Kansas and Jeft the people of the Territory and regulate their domestic wetitut gubjcct only to the constitution of th Aid equally have violated the great principle of p Jqnty, at the foundation of our instimtions, to ‘tho pocple of the powor, if thay thought proper 4, of confiding to delegates elected by them: ‘the trust of framing a constitetion, withont requir: ‘to subject their constitvents to the tronble, ex: fae’ delay of a second election. Te would have jon to many precedents in history, ig inthe very best ago of the republic, of the ‘of Territories as States into the Union, witheat ue vote of the people approving their constittion that n question so intignifi amt won jan! offerte on the p je of Kaamas, jded one way of the other, etiould have kin ‘a fame of excitement throwghont the ction may prove to be a lesson of wi ‘our futare gidanoe, Prac ig simply whether the pony into the Union ani then cigs any opatitutian HOt aKreoabie to themselves very name Object by remuning ¢ ning another ¢ al be p of fact is, MORNING EDITION—TURSDAY, the object would have beea moch sooner attained ee ‘of ‘Kangas, more speedily effected) n admitted as a State during the last session amendation, however, for the immediate admis. ansue, failed to meet we bution of Congress. med it wiser to adopt & rept measure for the went of the question, For my own part, I should ¢ been willing to yield my assent to almost my con- Avtonal measure to accomplieh this object. T there- sore cordially acquiesced in what has been called the begheh Compromise, and approved the ‘Act for the ad- | ission of the State of Kansas into the Union’ upon the terms therein prescribed. Under the ordinance which accompanied the Lecompton consvnition, the ernie of Kansas bad claimed double the quantity of’ public lands, for the snpport of common rehools, which bad ever been previongiy granted to any Slate of op entering the Union; a..¢ also vhe alternate sec- tions of Jane for twelve mikes on each ride of two rail- roads, proposed to be constructed from the northern to the routberm boundary, aud from the eastern to the west- erp bow ‘of the State. Congress, deeming these cla ms wnreasonable, provided, by the act of May 4, 1858, to which Jbave just referred, for the admission of the State on an equal footing with the original States, but “upon the fundamental condition precedent? that a ma- jority of the people thereof, at an election to be held tor Wat purpere, rhonid, in place of the very large grants of public anes which they had demanded under the ordi- Diner, accept such grants as had been made to Minnesota end other new Stace. Under this act, should a majority reject the proposition offered them, “it shall be deemed and beid tat the people of Kansas do bot dese admirsion into ie Union with said constitution uncer the conditions set forth in said prapo- siton.”” Ip that event the act authorizes the people of the ‘Territory to elect delegates to form a constitution aud State government for themselves, “whenever, and not be- fore, itis agcertamed by a census, duly aud legally taken, thet the population of sad Territory equals or exceeds the yatio of representation r quired for amember of the House of Representatives of the Congress of the United States.” The ics thus areembled ‘shall fret determine by a vote whether it isthe wish of the people of the proposed State to be admitted into the Union at toat time, aud, if £0, tboll proceed to form a constitution, and take’ all vecersary steps (or the establishment of a’ State govern- mei tin conformity with the federal constitution.” After ths constitution shali have beeo formed, Congress, car- Tying oul the principles of popular sovereignty and uon- inte: Venticn, bave lett “the mode and manuer of its ap- jovai or rabfiee tion by the people of the proposed State” to be “prescribed by law,” and they “shall then be ad- mitted into the Union as a State, under such constitution thos fairly and legally made, with or without slavery, as paid constitution may prescribe.” ‘VMK ELACUON IN AUGUST LAST AND 11S RESULT. ‘An clection was heid throughout Kansas, in pursuance of the provisions of thir act, on the second day of August last, and it resulted in the rejection, by a large majority, of Ue proposition submitted to the people by Congress. hong the ease, they are now authorized to form cr copstituton, preparatory to admission into the Lat not until ther number, as ascertained by a shal! equal or exceed the ratio required to elect a to the House of Representatives. ite vot probable, in the present state of the case, that a third cevsttuuen cap be lawfully framed and preseat- ‘ed to Congress by Kansas before its population shall have reachee the cesignatd number. Nor is it to be presumed that, after their sad experience in resisting the Territorial Jaws, they will attempt to adopt a constitution in ex- press violation of the provisions of an act of Congress. During the session of 1856, much of the time of Congress Was occupied en the question of admitting Kansas under ike Topebw copstitoion. Again, nearly the whole of the St ScSsiCN wes devoted to the question of its admission under the Lecompton constitution. Surely it is not un- sgcvable to require the people of Kansas to wait before mw! be a third attempt, unti! the number of their. inhabi- tanie shall amount to n'nety three thousand four huodred fan twenty. Dung this brief period the barmony of the St as Well #8 the great business interests of the coun- «mane that the people of the Union shali not for a ‘dime be convulsed by another agitation on the Kan- «ston, By waiting for a sbort time, and acting in nee to law, Kansas will glide into the Union without Je slightest impediment, This execilent provision, which Congress have applied to Kansas, ought to be extended and rendered applicable Territories whieh may hereafter seek admission into ‘nion. 1 Congress poesesses the undoubted power of ad anew Sate into the Union, however small may wtmber of ite inbabitants, yet this power ought not, in inion, to be exercised before the population shall ammount to the ratio requ: ‘by the act for the ad- mission of Kaveas. Had this been previously the rule, the country would bave escaped ali the evils and misfor- tunes to which it has been exposed by the Kansas ques- t ion. @ course, it would be unjust to give this rule a retro. spective application, and exclude a State which, acting uyon the past practice of the government, bas already formed We constitaton, elected its legislature and other officers, and is Bow ay no to to enter the Union. The rule ought to be adopted, whether we consider its bearing on the people of the Territories or upon the peo- ee ee co ae Se. sions wi ve prevailed in throughoat the country, would have been avovted bad this rule been eptabtehed at ap cartier period of the ‘THE DUTY OF PRRSONS EMIGKATING 10 NEW TERRITORIES. Immewiately upon the formation of a new ' people (rom different States and (rom foreign countries jush into it, for the laudable purpose of improving their condiven ‘Their first duty to themselves is to open and cultivate farms, to construct roads, to establish schools, to ercet places Of religious ‘worship, and to devote their energies generally to reclaim the wilderness and to iay the foundatious of a flourishing and prosperous common: wealth. If, m this incipient condition, with @ population of afew thousand, they should prematurely enter the Union, they are oppressed by the burden of State taxa tion, and the means necessary for the improvement of the Tegritory and the advancetnent of their own interests ure thus diverted to very different purposes. The fece-al government bax ever been a liberal parent to the Territories, and a generous contributor to the nse. fol evterprises of the éarty settlers, It has paid the ex- penees of their governments and legisiative assemblies out of the Common treasury, aud thus relieved them from abeavy charge. Under clroumstances novning can be better calculated to retar! Weir material than to divert them from their usetul employments by prema- turely exciting angry political contests among themselves, for the benefit of ‘aepiring leaders, Itis surely n0 hard: ship for embryo governors, senators ant members of Congres®, to wait until the number of inhabitants «ball equal thore of a single Congressional district. They sureiy onght not to be permitted to raeh into the Uwion with a naax when it made appl ‘Topeka constitetion, Be quires fome time to render the mass of a popul jected in a Territory at all homogencons, and to ontte them thing Lke a fixed policy. Establish the rule, end ali Will look (orward to it and govern themsel vos accurdingly THE POLICY TO RE PURSUED IN THR ADMIRHON OF TRRRITORIES AS TATION. Bot jastice to the people of the several States requires that this rule should be established by Congress. Rach State ie entitied to two eenators and at least one repre semiative in Congress. Should the people of the States fail to elect a Vice Presivent, the power-devolves upon the Senate to selvct this officer from the two highest can. didater on the list. In “ase of the death of the President, the Vice Pri thus elected by the Seuate, becomes: President of the Coited States. On all questions of legis lation, the senatore from the smailest States of the Unioa have oo equal vote with these from the largest. The same may be said in Togard to the ratification of treatios and of Executive appowtments, All this has worked admirably in praction, whilst it conforms ia principle with the Character of a government instituted by rove. reign States, T presume no American citizen would desire the rlightert change in the arrangemont. Stil, ie it not unjust and unequal to the existing States to invest some forty of fifty thousand people collected in a Territory with the attribstes of sovereignty, and place them ou an equal footing virginia and New York in the Senate of the United States? For theee reasons Tearnestly recommend the passage of a genera! act, which shal provide that, upon the appli cation of a Territorial Legislature, declaring their belief that the Territory contains a number of inhabitants which, if in a State, would entitle them to elect a membor of Congress, it shal! be the duty of the Prosident to caase a census of the inhabitants to be taken, and if found saf- fictent, then by the terms of this act to authorize them to proceed “in their own way” to frame a State constitution preparatory to admission into the Uolon, Taiso recom mend thet an appropriation may be made to enable the Prerident to take a ceneur of the people of Kansas, THR MORMON RERELLION AND THE COURER PORSERD BY THE PRE SILENT. The present condition of the Territory of Utah, when contrasted with what it wae one year ago, Ifa subject for congratulation, Tt was then in a state of ‘open rebellion, and, cost what it might, the character of the government required that this rebellion should be suppressed and the Mormons compelled to yield obedience to the constitu tion and the laws. In order to accomplish this object fas Linformed you in my last annual message, Tappo ned & new Governor instead of Brigham Young, and othor federal officers to take the place of those who, consulting their | safety, had found it neseessary to with traw from the Territory. To protect these civil officers, and to nid them, as a posse comilatus, in the execution of the Jaws in cage of need, Lordered a detachment of the army necessity for adopting s ' i i s i ? ali the forees in the to march at a moment's notice to repel any and all such invasion,” and established martial law from ite date th: the idle tht . Forts promptly and obeyed. On the 4th Oetober, 1667, the Telnene peared sna barned of Green river three of our supply traing, consisting of reventy five w loaded with provisions and tenta for the army, and drove away several hundred animals, This diminished the supply of provisions so materially that Gen, dobnston was obliged to reduce the ration, aad even with tls precaution there was only suilicient loft to sub- it the troops util the 1st of June, Our litte army behaved admirably is their encamp- ment at Fort Bridger under these trying privations. In the micetof the mountains, in a dreary, unsettied and inhogpitable region, more than a thousand miles from Lome, they passed the severe and inclement winter with- cutamurmur. They looked forward with contidence for relief from their coultry in due season; and in this they Were not disappoxted, The Secrevary of War «mployed all his energies to for- ward them the pecessary supplies, and to muster and send sucha military force to Utah as woul reader re- Bietance on the part of the Mormons hopeless, aud thus terminate the war without the effusion of blood. In his cfforts be was efficiently sustained by Congress. They granted appropriations sufficient to cover the deficiency thus necessarily created and also provided for raising two regiments of volunteers, “for the pur of quelling disturbances in the Territory of Utah, for the protection of supply ond emigrant trains, and the suppression of In- Gian hortlities on the fronuers.”” Happily, there was no occasion to call these regiments into service. If there bed been, I sbould bave felt serious embarrassment in 8e- lecting them, €o great was the number of our brave aud patriotic citizens anxious to gerve their country in this distant aud apparently dangerous expedition. Thus it has ever been, and thus may it ever be. ‘Tie wiscom and economy of sending sufficient rein. forcements to Uta are established not only by the event, Dut in the opinion of those who, from their position an: ‘opportunities, are the most capable of forming @ correct jucyment. General Johnston, the commanuer of the tors, iv addressing the Secretary of Wer from Fore Brivger, under date of October 18, 1857, expresses the opi pion thet “unless a large force is sent here, from the na- ture of the country, a protracted war op their (the Mor- mons’) partis inevitable. is he considered necessary, to terminate the war ‘speedily and more economically than if attempted by insufficient means”? To the mean time it was my anxious desire that the Mormons should yield obedience to the constitution and the laws, without rendering it necessary to resort to milt- tury force, To aid in accotnplishing this object, I deemed itacvisaple in April last to despatch two distinguished citizens of the United Statee—Messrs. Powell and McCul- joch—to Utah. They bore with them a proclamation ad- aressed by myself to the inbabitants of Utah, dated on the sixth day of that month, warning them of their true condition, and bow hopeless it was on their part to persist in rebell’on against the United States, and offering all those who should submit to the laws a fall pardon for their past seditions and treasons. At the same time, I astured those who should persist in rebellion against the United States, that they must expect no further lenity, ‘but look to be rigorously dealt with, according to their deserts. The instructions to these agents, as well as a copy of the proclamation, and their reports, are herewith submitted, It will be seen by their report of the 3d of July last, that they have fully confirmed the opinion ex- preesed by General Johnston in the previous October, as to the necessity of sending reinforcements to Utah. Io tbis they etate that they “are firmly impressed with the belief that the presence of the army here and the large additional force that had been ordered to this Territory, were the chief inducements that caused the Morfions abandon the idea of resisting the authority of the United States. A less decisive policy would probably have re- sulted ina long, bloody and expensive way.”? ‘These geutiemen conducted themselves to my entire satisfaction, and rendered useful services in executing the humane intentions of the government. It algo affords me great satisfaction to state that Go- vernor Comming has performed bis duty in an able and coveiiatory manner, and with the happiest effect. I can- not, in this connection, refrain from mentioning the val- uable cervices of Col. Thomas L. Kane, who, from mo- tives of pure benevoleuce, and without auy official cha- racter oF pecuniary compensation, visited Utah during the last inclement winter, for the parpose of contributing to the pacification of the Territory. lam happy to iniorm you that the Governor and other civil officers of Utah are now performing their appropri- ate functions without resistance. The authority of the constitution and the laws bas been fully restored, and peace prevails throughout the Territory. ‘A portion of the troops scut to Utab are now encamped in Cedar valley, forty-four miles soutawest of Salt Lake City, and the remainder have been ordered to Oregon to ‘su press Indian hostilities. he march of the army to Salt Lake City, through the. Indian Territory, bas had a powerful effect ‘in restraining the hostile feelings against the United States, which ex. isted among the Indians m that region, and in securing 18 to the Far West against their depredations. This ‘be the means of establishing military posts and promoting settlements along the route. Lrecommend that the benefits of our land laws and pre-cmption system be extended to the people of Utab, by the ertablishment of a land office in that Territory. of our negotiations with China, You were informed by ny last annual message, that our Minister bad been instructed to occupy @ neutral po- sition inthe hostilities conducted by Great Britain and Fronce agaipet Canton. He was, however, at the same time directed to co operate cordially with the British and French ministers, in all peaceful measures to yea 4 treaty those just Concessions to foreign commerce tee natiens © the werkt ade 288 to demand. It wi imy Osaibie for me to proceed than this on my owa authority, witheut usurping the war banem fi . which, under the constitution, belongs exclusi Con gress. Resides, after a careful examination of the natare and extent of our grievances, Idid not believe they were of puch @ pressing and aqgravated character aa would have _wetified Congress in declaring war against the Chinese i mpire, without fret making another earnest attempt to adjust them by peaceful negotiation. I was the more inciined to this opinion, because of the severe chastisement which bad then but gee Be inflicted upon the Chinese by our squadron, in the capture and destruction of the barrier Forts, to avenge an alleged insult to our ‘Maw The event hae proved the wisdom of our neutrality. Our minister hos executed bis instructions with eminent kil and ability. In conjunction with the Russian pleal- yotentiary, he has peacetully, but effectually, co-operated with tbe Engleh and Freneh plemipotentiaries; and each of the four Powers bas concluded « separate treaty with China, of a highty eatisfactory character. The treaty con- uded by our own plenipotentiary will immediately bo i mitted to the Renate. ANEW TREATY CONCLUDED WITH JAPAN. upon the exereise of their religion. The treaty sball be mitted to the Senate for approval Without de.ay. SETTLEMENT OF THE RIGHT OF SRARCH QUESTION WITH ENGLAND. and speedily adjusted. It bas been the mistortune of both countries, almost ever since the period of the revo lution, to have been annoyed by a succession of irrivauing and dangerous questions, threatening their friendiy rela tions. This has partially prevented the full developement of those feelings of mutual friendship between the poopie of the two countries, So natural in themselves and 80 coa ducive to thetr common interest. Any serious interrup- tou of the commerce between the United States and Great Britain would be equally injarions to both. Tn fact, no two nations have ever existed on the face of the earth which could do each other so muci good or so much Entertaining these sentiments, Tam gratified to inform you that the long pending controversy between the two wernments, in relation to the question of visitation and has been amicably adjusted. The claim ou the Part of Great Britain, forcibly w visit Amoricrn vessels on the high eeas in ime of peace, could not be sustained un der the law of nations, aod it had been overruled by her own mort eminent jurists, Thiet was recently broughtto an issue by the repeated acts of British cruisers in boarding and searching our merchant vessels in the Gull of Mexieo and the adjacent seas, These acts were the more injurious and annoying as these waters are traversed Dy a large portion of the commerce and navigation of the Unites States, and their free and unrestsicted use # esmen- Lal to the security of the coastwise trade between different States of the Union. Such vexatious interruptions could pet fail to excite the feelings of the country and to require the interposition of the government. Remonstrances were adcressed to the British government against there viola- tione of our rights of soversignty, and a naval force was At the same time ordered to the Cubas waters, with direc. tions “to t all vorsols of the United States on the high seas from search or detention by the vessels of war of any other nation.’ These measures received the ubqualified and even enthusiastic approbation of the American people, Most fortunately, however, no col\iion took place, and the British government promptly avowed its recognition of the principles of internatonal law upon this sutject, as laid down by the government of the United States, in the note of the Secretary of State to the Britich Minter at Washington, of Aprii 10, 1868, whieh recure the vessels of the United States upon’ the high seas from visitation or search in time of peace, under any cir- cumstances whatever. The claim hat been in a manner reflecting honor on the British government, and evincing a just regard for the law of nations, and cannot fail to strengthen the amicable relations between the two countries The British government at the same time proposed to the United States that some mode should be adopted, by mutual arrangement between the two countries, of a cha racter which may be found effective without being offen sive, for verifying the nationality of vessels suspected on grounds of carrying false coines. They have alto in vited the United States to take the initiative, and pro- pose measures for this purpose. Whilat declining to as sume 80 grave a responsibility, the Seoretary of State has informed the British government that we are ready to receive any proposals which they may feel disposed to offer having this object in view, and to consider them in an amicable epirit. A strong opinion is, however, ex. pressed that occasional abuse of the flag of any nation is an evil far less to be deprecated than would be the ew tablisbment of any regulations which might be incom- ape with the of the seas, This ment ¢t received no communication specifying the manner in which the British government would propose to carry out their suggestion; and T am inclined to believe that no plan which can be devised, will bo free from grave embar: Still, Taba! form no decided opinion on the fubject until T eal have earefnily and in the best spirit exainined any proposals which they may think proper to make. THR CLAYTON NOLWER TRRATY Tam traly sorry I cannot also inform you that the com: plications between Great Rritain and the United States, arising out of the Clayton and Bulwer treaty of April, 1860, been finally adjusted. At the commencement of your last session Thad rearon to hope that, emancipating themselves from further on availing discussions, the two governments would pr to settle the Central American question in a practical man ner, alike honorable and satisiactory to both; and thie Hope I have not yet abanaoned. In my last annual mes Stated that overtures had been made by the British government for this purpose, ina friendly spirit, which 1 cordiuily reciprocated. Their proposal was to aitadraw these qliestions trom direct negotiation between the two | governments; Dut to accomplish the eeme object, by a | negotiation between the British government and cash of the Centra! Ameri-ap republics whose territorial interests are immediately involved. ‘The settlement wax Wy be made in accordance with the yenerai of the inter- pretation placed upon the Clayton and Palwer treaty by the United States, with certain modhicaviens, As pego- tiations are still pending upon this basis, it wonld not be yroper for me now to communicate th. present cont tien, A final settlement of these question» 4 greatly tobe | desired, as thie would Wipe out the last reunatuing Subject of disjnite between the two countries, Gur relations with the great empires of France and Roseia, a8 well as with all otber governm «nts on the con- tinent of Europe, except that of Spain, continue to be of the mest friendly character, OUR DIFFICULTIES 2H BRAIN, ‘With Spain our relations remain in aa unsatisfactory condition, In my meetage of December last Tinformed you thut our Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary to Madrid had arked for his recall; and it was my purpose to #end out a new minister to thas court, with special inetructions on ail questions pending between the two gevernments, and with a determination to have them speedily and amicably adjusted, if that were possible, ‘This purpose has been hitherto defeated by causes which Tneed not enumerate. The mission to Spain bar been entrusted to a distin~ goighed citizen of Kentucky, who will procoed to Madrid | without delay, and make another and a final attempt to obtain justice fiom that government. Spanish eflicials, under the direct control of the Captain General of Cuba, bave insulted our national flag, and, in repeated inetances, have from time to time iathcted in- furies ‘on the persons and property of our citizens. These ave given birth to numerous claims against the Spai government, the merits of which have been ably discussed for a series of years, by our successive dipiomatic re rentatives. Notwithstanding this, we have pot arrt ut a practical regult in any single tntance, unless we may except the case of the Biack Warrior woder the late ad- mnistiation; and that presented an outrage of such a character a8 would bave justified an immodite resort to war. Ail our attempts to obtain redress have been baf. fled and defeated. The frequent aud oft-reourring changes in the Spavish ministry have been employed a8 reasons for delay. We bave been compelled Lia again and again, until the new minister shall have had time to in ‘vestigate the justice of our demands. ‘THE CUBAN CLAIMS. Even what have been denominated “the Cuban claims,” in which more than a bufidred of our citizons are directly interested, have furnished vo exception. ‘These claims were for the retai of duties unjustly ex acted from American vessels at rent custom houses in Cuba, 80 jong ago as the year 1844. The priuctples upon which they rest are so manifestiy equitable and just, that after a period of nearly ten years, in 1854, they were re- cognized by the Spanish government. Proceedings were afterwards instituted to ascertain their amount, and this was finally fixed according to their own statement (with which we were satisfied) at the sum of oue hundred and twenty. ight thousand ‘tix hundred and thirty five dol lars and fifty-four conta, Just at the moment, after a celay of fourteen yearé, when we had reason to expect that this sum would be repaid with interest, we have re ceived a proposal offering to refund one-third of that amount, (forty-two thousand eight hundred and seventy eight dollars aud forty-one cents,) but without interest, if We would accept this in full satiafuction. The offer is, also, accompanied by a declaration that this indemnitica- tion is not 1ounded on any reason of strict Justice, but is made as a special favor. INE WAY THEY SHOULD BR SETTLED. ‘One alleged cause for procrastination in the examina Von and adjostment of our claims arises trom an obstacle which it is the duty of the Spanish government to re. move. Whilst the Captain Gen ral of Cuba is wvested with geveral despotic authority in t vernment of that isiand, the power is withheld frou to exan and redress wrengs committed by ofticia!s under bis « trol, on citizens of the United States. Insteac of mu our complaints directly to him at Havana, we ore ob) to present them through our Minister at Mairi. These are then referfed back to the Captain von; and moch time is thus coosumed in prelimmary investigations and correspondence between Madrid and Cuba, before the Spanish government will couseut to pro- ceed to negotiation. Many of the difficulties between the two governments would be obviated, au a long train of negotiation avoided, if the Captain General were invested with authority to settle questions of easy solution on the spot, where ali the facts are freah and could be promptly and satisfactorily ascertained. We have hitverto in vain urged upon the Spanish government to confer this power upon the Captain General, and oar Minister to Spain will ‘again be instructed to urge this subject on their notics In this respect we occupy a different position from the Powers of Europe. Cuba is almost within rignt of our shores; our commerce with it is far greater than that of any other nation, including Spain itself, and our citizens are in habits of daily and extended persoual intercourse with every part of the island. It is, therefore, a great Few onimportant" which ight be readily seited at tho ‘upim| wi tbe readily at moment, we abould be to resort to Madrid, expe- cially when the very Orst step to be taken there is to re- fer it back ( Cuba. (OUR PORGEAION OF CURA THR ONLY EFFRCTUAL WAY TO #TOP THE ALAVR TRADE. ‘The truth is, that Cuba, in its existing colonial condi- tion, is a constant pource Of injury and ance to the Awertean people, It te the ovly spot in civilized work! where the African slave trade is tolerated; and wo aro bound by treaty with Great Britain to maintain a naval Joree on the Coast pH ng , t Sa both of life and treasure, for purpose slavers bound to that Totand. The late serious lies between the United States aud Great Britain respect. ing the right of search, now so happily terminated, could never bave arisen if Cuba had not afforded a market for slaves. As lovg as this market sball remain open, there can be no hope for the civilization of benighted Africa. Whilst the demand for slaves contioues in Cubs, ware will be waged among the petty and barbarous chiefs in Africa, for the parpose of seizing subjects to supply this trade. Ip such & ape affairs, it ix imporsibie that ‘WE WANT CURA BY PURCHAPR OR UNDER THE MMPRRATIVE AND OVERRULING LAW OF FELY PRISERY ATION. It has been made known to the world by iny predeces- | sors, that the United States have, on oveasions, | endeavored to acquire Cuba from Spain by honorable ne- | gotiation. If this were accomplished, the last relic of tho | African slave trade would instantly disappear. We woald | hot, if we could, acquire Cuba in Say ether manner. This is due to our tational Character, All the territory which we bave acquired since the origin of the government, has been by fair porchase from France, Spain and Mexico ,or by the free and voluntary act of the independent State of — Texas, in blending her destinies with our o This , parture from iflable, under the impe and overruling law of self preservation GROGRAPHICAL AND OTHER ADVANTAGES OF CURA TO THE UNITED rare The Island of Cuba, from ite geographical position, commauce the mouth of the Mississipp, aod the imineuse and annually increasing trade, foreign and constwise, from the valley of that noble ‘river, now embracing ait the sovereign States of the Union. With that island under the dominion of @ distant foreign Power, this trade, of Vital importance to thet States, is exposed to the danger ‘of being destroyed in time of war, and it bar hitherto deen sunjected to perpetual injury aud annoy ince in time of peace. Our relations with Spain, ight to be of the most friendly character, must always be place! in jeopardy, whilst the existing coionial government over the island shall remain in its present condition Whilst the poerersion: the island would be of vast importance to the United States, its value to Spain is, comparatively, unimportant, ‘was the relative situ: ation of the parties when the great Napoloon transferred Lowmana to the United States. Jealous, as be ever was, of the national honor and interests of France, no person throoghout the world baw inj blame whim for ae cepting a pecuniary equivalent for this corsion. | NBGEMATION® POR THR PURCHARE OF ‘THK Ist AN”. The publicity which has besa, given to our former ne fotiaviens open this subject, large appr Which may be required to effect the ~ expedient, before making another atteuypt to renew tl negotiation, that I should lay the whole subject befure Congress. This expecially necemsary, as it indispensabie to success I should be ins:rus the means of making an advance to the Apanish govern. | ment immediatly after the signing of the treaty, without Awaiting the ratification of ft by the Sonate, Jam en- couraged 10 make this suggestion by the example of Mr. | Jefferson previous to the purchase of Lov'siana from | France, and by that of Mr. Polk in view of the acquis tion of territory from Mexico. I refer the whole sobject | to Congress, and commend it to their careful considera | ton. THF AMISTAD CARR Trepeat the recommendation made in my message of | December last, in favor of an appropriation “to be pari to | the Spanish government for the purpose of distribution among the claimants in the Amistad case.’ Presiient Polk first made a similar recommendation in December, 1847, and ft was repeated by my immediate protconwmwor in December, 1863. 1 entertain no doubt that inte nity is fairly due to these claimants under our treaty with Spain of the 27th October, 1796; and whilst demanding Justice we ought to do justice, An appropriation prompt iy mace for this purpose, could not fall to exert a favor Able influence on our negotiations with Spain. CONDITION OF APPATRE TX stExICO. Our position in relation to the independent States south of us on this continent, and especially those within the limite of North America, is Of @ poeullar charactor The northern boundary of Mexico is coincident wi) oor own y from ocean to o necessarily feel _a deep interest in woll- being and the ftoof so near « rished the kindest wis eighbor. We hw 8 for the success of | yu vc, and have indulged the hope that ft might At loot, after all ita trials, enjoy peace and prosperity un der ceand stable government, We have never hither to ini rfered, directly or indirectly, with its imternal af. fairs, and it is a duty which we owe to ourselves lo pro tect the integrity of its territory, against the hostile in terference of any other Power. Our geographical pos! tion, our direct interest in all that concerns Mexico, and our well-settled policy oes to the North Am continent, render this an 1 ty. Mexico has been in a state of constant revolution almost ever since it achieved its independence. One militar: leader after another bas usurped the government in r auccession, and the variou® coustitutions from tir time adopted have been set at naught almost ag eso as they were proclaimed. The successive goveramente lave afforded no adequate protection, either to M oF foreign residents, againet lawlees vio! a seizure of the capital by a military « generally followed by at least the nomial the country to his rule for a brief period the present crisis of Mexwan ail A DECEMBER 7, 1808. i | Washi rn reging for some time throughout the republic, heiween the central government at the city of Mexico, which hos cndeavored subvert the constitution last framed by military power, and those who maintain the authority. of that censtitotion, Tho antagonist parties each bold possession of ditierent States of the repub and the fortunes of the war are constantly changing Meanwhile, the most reprehensible means have beeu em pieyed by both parties to extort: money from toreyners as well as hatives, to carry on this ruinous contest. ‘The truth is, that this fine country, blessed with a productive soit and’a benign climate, hs reduced by civil «is sension to a condition of almost Wopoless anarchy aad im becuity. Tt would be vain for thix government to attempt toentiree payment in money of the ciaims of Americ citizens, now amounting to more than ten rill i againet Mexico, beeanse she is destitute of all pecuuisry tavank to satialy these demands, Our late Minister was furnished with ample powers aud instructions for the asjuetnent of ail pending qestous with the central government of Mexico, and be pertormed his duty with zeal and abliity. The claims of our citt webs, some of hem arising out of the violation of an ex press provition of the treaty of Guadalupe Hiaigo, and others from grogs injuries to persons as weil as 1 have remained unre’ monttrances against these grievances ha without effect to that government, — M parts of the repubbe, instances have b murder, imprisonment and plunder ¢ diflerent pas Ces claiming aud exereising: tion ; but the central government, although repea urged thereto, bave made no effort either to punish the authors of these outrages or to prevent their reoarren No American citizen cun bow vieit Mexico on lawful busi ness without imminent danger to bis pergon ant property. There is no adequate protection to either; aud im this respect our treaty with that republic is aimost a dead letter. ‘Thik state of offairs was brought to a crisis in May last by the promulgation of a deeree levying a contri dution pro rata upon all the capital in the republic, between cer tain specified amounts, whether heid by! Mexicans or foreiguers. Mr. Forsyth, regarding this decree in the light of a “forced loan,’” formally protested against its application to his countrymen, and adviged them not to pay the contribution, but to saller it to be forcibly ex acted, Acting upon this advier, an American citizen refuged to pay the contribation, and his property was scized by armed men to satisfy the amount. Not content with thix, the government proceeded etill further, and i aved a decree banishing him from the country. Our Min ister immediately netiticd them that if this ceeree should be carried into exeention he wonld feel it to be his duty to adopt the most decided measures that belong to the yowers and obligations of the representative ol Not- withstanding this warning, the banishment was enforced, and Mr. Forsyth promptly announced to the government the suspension of the political relations of bis legation with them, until the pleasure of bis own government should be ascertained. ‘This government did not regard the contrivution im. posed by the decree of the 15th of May Inst to be in atrict- ees a “forced loan,” and as such prohibited by the tenth article of the treaty of 1826 between Great Gritamn and Mexico, to the benefits of which American citigens are entitled by treaty; yet the imporition of the contribution upon foreigners Was considered an unjust aud oppressive measure. Besides, internal factions in other parts of the republic were at the same time levying similar exactions: upon the property of our citizens, and interrupting their commerce. There had been an entire failure on the part of our Minister to secure redress for the wrong h citizens bad endured, notwithstanding Nis y eflorts. And from the temper manites y the Mexican wernment, he had repeatedly asoured us that no Krorable change could be expected util the United » etriking evidence of their will and ir citizens,” and that “severe ening ie the only earthly remedy for our grievances.”’ From ‘hie statement of facts tt would have been worse t Sir. Forsyth to retrace bis steps and © relations with that gover |, deemed proper to sanction bis witadraw from the eity of Mexico. at cange now undoabdtedly exists for a re against the government still hold ‘of the capital. Suould they susceed in subd stitutional forces, all reasonable hope will then have ex- pired of a peaceful settlement of our difficulties ‘Gv the otber hand, should the conetitutional party prevail, and their authority be established over the re- public, there i reason to bope that they will be auimated py a lees uniriently spirit, and may grant that redress to American citizens which justice requires, go far as they may porsess the means. But for th ‘at once bave recommended to Congress to grant the neces: sary power to the President to take possession of a sul) ion of the remote and unsettled territory of Mexi- # shail be cedress- have already. every milder means of obtaining justice. Tn such a case, this remedy of reprisals is recognized by the law of nations, not only as just in itself, but as a means of prevepting actual war. TRMPORARY PROTECIORATE OVER THE NORTHERN PORTIONS OF CUNUAHUA AND SONORA RECOMMENDEE . But there i¢ another view of our relations with Mexico, arising from the unhappy condition of affairs along our Southwestern frontier, whuch demands immediate action, In that remote region, where there wre but few white in- habitants, large bands of hostile and F nrovye 4 Indians reem over the Mexican of Chibuaboa and ‘and our aijoining Territories. The local go verninents of these States are tly helpless, and are kept ina state of copstant alarm by the Tota They have not the power, if they posrosted the will, even to restrain lawlese Mexicans from passing border committing depredations on our remote settler. state of anarchy aud violence prevails thronghoat that distant frontier, The laws uro a dead letter, and life and property are wholly insecure. For thie rea son the pettlement of Arizona is arrested, whilst it is of great importance that a chain of inbab tants should ex- tend all along its southern border, eufticiout for their owa protection and that of the United States mall passing to and from Calfornia, Well founded apprehensians are now entertained, that the Indiaus,and wandering Mext cans, equally lawless, may break Hp the Important stage and postal communication recently established between our Atantic and Pacife possessions. This passes very near to the Mexican boundary, thronghont the whole length of Arizona. I ean imagine no possible remedy for there evils, and no mode of restoring law and order on that remote and upeettiod frontier, but for the government of the United States to assume & temporary protectorate over the northern portions of Chihuabua and Senora, and to estabiieh mult tary posts within the same; and this I earnestly recom. mend to Congress. This protection may be withdrawn, as soon as local governments shal! be established in these Mexican States, capable of performing their duties to the United States,’ restraining the lawless and preserving the border. Ido pot doubt that this measure will be viewed in a friendly spirit by the governments and people of Chibun Sonora, as it will prove equally effectoal for the jon of their citizens on that remote and lawiees frontier, a8 lar citizens of the United States. AC ERAIVORIAL GOVEINMENT FOK ARIZONA ALSO SORCOMMENTIED And ip this connection permit me to recall your atten tion to the condition of Arizona. The popolation of Uaat rritory, numbering, as ix alleged, more than ten t sand sulk, ate practically without a government, without laws, and without any regular administration of jasticn. Murder and other crimes are committed with fmpunicy ‘This state of things calis loudly for redress; and I, there fore, repeat ny recommendation for the extablishment ot a Territorial povernment over Arizona. THK STHMON THANE ROUTES AND THR GOREN S CONNECTED States should ‘gi power to protect th mm. ‘The political condition of the narrow isthmus of Coctral America through which transit routes pass, betw “ AUiagtuc and Pacific oceans, prevents a subject of dew in terest to all commercial nations. It is over these transits large proportion of the trade and travel between repean and Asiatic continents is destined to pase To the United States these routes are of ineaiculable im- portance, as & means of communication betwen their Atlantic and Pacitie . The Iatter pow extend throughout seventeen degrees of latitude on the Pacific const, embracing tho important State of Cali fornia and the flourishing Territories of Oregon ead ton. All commercial nations, therefore, have a deep and direct interest that these communications shall be rendered seoure from interruption Ifan arm of the Fea, connecting the two oceans, penetrated h Nien. agua and Costa Rica, it could not be pretended theen States would bave the right to arrest or retard its naviga. | tion, to the injury of other mations. The traneit by land over thie narrow jathmne occupirs nearly the same pos'- tion. Tt is a highway in whieh they themselves have lit tle interest, when compared with at interests of the reetof the’ world, Whilst their rights of sovereignty ought to be respected, it is the doty of other nations te require that thie important parsage shall not be inter. rupted by the civil wars and reveiutionary outbreaks which have fo frequently ocurred ip that region. The stake w too important to be left at the mercy of rival companies, cisiming © hold conflicting ‘contracts with Nicaragua. commerce of other tations ie not to stand still and await the adjastment of such petty controversies. The government of the Unite’ States expect mo more than this, and they will pet be satefed with les, They would not, if they could, derive any advantage from the ragua transit, not common to the feat Of the world. Ite neutrality and protection, for the common vse of all na tions, is their only object. They have no objection that Nicaragua shall demand and receive a fair componsation from the companies and individuals who moy traverse the route: but they insist that it hail never bereafter be clored by an arbitrary decree of that government. If disputes arise between it and those with whom 'y have entered into contracts, these must be adjusted by some fair tribunal provided for the purpose, and the route must net be closed pending the controversy, This is our whole policy, and it cannot fail to be acceptable to other nations, All there difficulties might be avoided if, consiet ently with the good faith of Nfcaragua, the nee of this transit could be thrown open to general competion; providing at the rame time for the payment of a reasona bie rate to the Nicaraguan government, on passengers and freight. In August, 1862, the Accessory Transit Company made ite first interoceanie trip over the Nicaraguan ronte, and continued in suecesafal operation, with great aivuntage to the publie, until the 18th of Febroary, 1886 when tt was cloaed, And the grant to this company, as woll as its charter, were summarily and arbitrarily Fevoked by the government of President Rivas, Previous to this date, however, in 1864, serions diaputes concerning the settle: ment of their accounts bad nr n the company and the rovernment, » interruption « od States in vain Ito compese eoless t ate oceedings which tock place between the parties, vp to the tiine when the transit was Aiecoutin Soffiee it to eay that Feb 1850, it tha be Upited States. Sines that time t "9 Ween the rival routes of Pauama ans and, in consequence thereof, an unjust and unrearon. amount has beep exacted from our ciUZ =. wir paseuge to and from Cab A treaty was signed om the 16th day of November, 1f67, by the Secretary of State ant Minister of Nicaragua, stipulations of which the use and protection of the Tranait route would bave been secured, not only to the United Stater, but equally to all other nauions. How and ob What pretexts (bis treaty bas faied to receive the ranficntien of the Nicaraguan government will appear by Tapers herewith communieated trom the State De- ‘The principal objection seems to bave been United States to employ ww Nicaraguw should epect. From the fee- aud ite constant Internal vigveneions, this had be- come’ a nost important stipulation, and oue essentially necessary not only for the security of the route, but for the saiety of American citizens paxsing and repassing t> and frem our Facitic poswesions, Were such aatpala Henembaved ta a treaty between the United Stites an t Nicaragua, the knowledge of this feet would of iteeif mos: probably prevent hostile parties from comaitung aggees ae on the end render our actual interference for He Hele TNE ACCESS The excentive mw courre with foreign nabo U country, in its tater 1 to the employment ne. When’ this tails, itean proceed no ot legitimately resort to force, without of Congress, exeept im resisting and ks. Mt would have no authority to of Nicaragua, even to prevent the destruction of the transit protect the ves and pro- perty of our own citizens on their passage, It is true that t any armed force ui the viewity to mareb to their relief, but in doing this he would act upon his own ms bitty, AY PVRS IDENT PRCOMMENDS 1108 ING 1H KAELOYMEST OF THE TAND AN HT ROUTE, etanoes T earnestly recommend to ant act us th ploy th davai “ preventing the trapeit from beng opatracted oF closed by lawless violence, and in proweting the lives and. pro- rican Cita Ds Wavelling thereupon, requiring ors shall be withdrawn: vment the danger #hail have paseed away — With- Chteuch @ provision, oUF citizens will be constantly ex- 10 interruption in their progress, and to lawless vi0~ ‘Asimilar neccesity exists fur the passage of such an act jor the protection of the Panama and Bohuantepee routes. ROUTER. * the United States: iranada, expressly 8, “wr the view that the f Uapsit from the one to the ether sea mr bot be interrupted or while thie Gcuty exiets.”” In regard to the Tehuantepec route cently 0} er the mest fw guarant which has beon re- rable auspices, our treaty With Mexico of the BOLL December, 163, secures to the itior their J neither poverun itzens 0 the United States a night ot teansit over ten that wwe any Obatacks’? there- Suutes the “right to ie ns abd Inerebandine, and KLIP stot in seuty etipulations with New Granada and Mexico, rations applicable Ww te Nieara. legislation tor the purpose of tm to requir carrying then into efter. OUTAGES ON AMEKICAN CITIZENS IN COSTA RICA AND NICARAGUA, ‘The wyunes which have been intheted apoa our enti e08 Corte Kicw ane vt Ooriig the last twa or ompt attention of thie some of & © injuries were of the most ae a ol ad wounded, was brought to the knowledge of Coovress by my predecessor soon wiler its currence, and Wom alko presented to the government of Costa Kica, for that jam Hon and redress whieh the nature of the A Fimilar Course was pursued with refer: rages 10 there countries, some of which were hardly tes aveted in their character than the traneacton at m Kay, At the tune, however, when our p exent wher wo Nicar 6 app » in December, 18: no rearess® had tained for any of these wrongs, and no reply even had been received to the demands made by this goverment upon that of Year before. Our Momter was to ‘lose no time te expressing to he deep ret with which the Prent- dent had Wiihessed this iaattention to the just claims of the Cited States, and in demanding their prompt and futisfuctory adjustment. Uniers this demand shail be complied with at an early day it will only remain for this Koverwment to adopt tuch other measeres ag may be necerary, ib order te obtain for itself that juxtion which it bas in vain attempted to wecure by means RK justructen, thereto yovernment from the governments of Nicaragua aoa Conta Rica, While it has shown, and will continue to show, the most ince re regard for Che rights and honor of these reyubties, it cannot permit this regurd w be met by an utter no: gieet, on their part, of what is due to the government amd citizens of the United Btates. j and to these have been more rages committed Upen our sitizons 1, 866. A treaty for the wijastment witick was concluded by the Secretary of State and the Miuister of New Granada, iu September, 157, Whe cortamed just and acceptable provisieas for thot purpose. This treaty was transmitted to Bogota, and was ratiied by the government of New tranata, bat wih certain amencments. It was pot, however, re- torped to this eity until after the close of the but gion Of the Senate, It wil be immediately tranemited to that Locy for their advice and consent; and should this be obtained, it will remove all oor exmting coum s of com. paint against New Granwia on tie subj et of eiaime. ‘Questions have between the two governments ae to the rgit of New Granaia to levy a tonnage duty apon the veroris of the United States im ite ports of the beth Moe, Abd tO leVY & pasKeNger LAX Upon Our citizens wr. riving (m that country, whether with a derign to remain there or to paw fom oovan to cevan by the transit and aie a tex open the mate of the United States ported over the Panana raurat, The government of New Granada bat been informed that the United Btetes would A negotiation for that purpose has a menced. No effort has receutly been made to collect there taxes, nor is aDY anticipated under present ciream- slaLeer OUR RRLATIONS WITH mRAzIt With the empire of Brazii our relations are of the most friendly chargeter. ‘The pro: «of the two conntrier, and especally those of an agricuitural nature, are each a2 to invite extensive mutual exchanges. A large quan- tity of American flour is consnmed in Braz, whust more thon treble the amount in value of Braxihan coffee is con- Whilst this is the case, @ until very recently, wi oor ato. Brant’ Tam , bo ara orm you that in Sep tember last thie has been reduced from $1 82 to about forty nie cents per barrel, and the duties on other arti- cles of our production have been diminished in nearly the same proportion I regret to etate that the government of Brazil stil) continues to levy an export duty of about 11 per cent on coffee, notwithstanding his artele ie admitted free from cuty on the United States. This is a heavy charge apom the consumers of fofiee in our country, a& we purchase half of the entire eurpins crop of that article raised in Brazil Our Minieter, under imstructions, will reiterate bie efforts to have this export duty removed; and it @ Loped thet the entightened government of the Emperor his wise, just and equal policy. In that Pood Teaeon 10 believe that the commerce between the two countries will greatly increase, much to the a ventege of beth ‘The calme of our citizens against the government of Pranil are wt, wm the aggregate, of very large amounts bot some of these rest upon plain principles of justice, and their settlement onght not to be longer delayed. A re newell abd earnest, and Etrest agnecessful effort, will be tnade by our Minister te procure their final adjustment, TRE DOF) RRRNORS WITH PARAGUAY ASD THE EXPRNTTION 4640887 AT erate fart, Conereee pasred a joint resota- Present “to alopt such measures On the 2 of 2 thon authoring the ti end use ce ns, ih Dis judgment, may be oecessary nd avis a “for the pur pose justing the differ. ences t States and the repabtic of Para. enay with the attack on the United States ctramer Water Witch, and with other measureg referred to” in he wnpval message. And oa the 12th July fotiow. ing, they mace an appropriation to defray the ood compeneation of a commersioner to that repubiic, shonld the President deem it proper to make sash an ap- pointment Tn compliance with these cnaetmenta T have appointed a commes.over, WO bas proceeded to Paraguay, with fall Powers ant insti netiens to @ettie these differences im am amicable and peaceful manner, if this be practicable. Ihe experience and diseretion justify the that he may prove successful in convincing the Paraguaran roment (hat it i due both to honor and justice should voluntarily and promptly make atonement rongs wheh they bave committed agaimet the red citizens whom ond indemnity mur they have fore Diy despovted « Showid bor the employ n° from Pare rs co to obtain ‘jr In view of thie or nting fetary of ‘he nuler ty direetion, hus fitted out and despatched force, to rendervors near Bueno Ayres, whied, eved, will prove seffletent for the oveasion, Tt ie earnest desire, however, that ft may not be found ne cergary to resort ty this last alter natiy WR FINANCIAL REVELSION OF ISBT AN tre RPPPeTe uP MaNaiaci ures rere: