The New York Herald Newspaper, September 26, 1858, Page 2

2 NEW YORK HERALD, SUN 10 \ PEE Bene Xo ey SO Sia iotenede eae tebe or a : ern e which the route was changed, 60 as to con- | the east, and the Mojave river on the or a Col. Da- from St. Louis and Memphis. ee fess el Gee eis wot, tenet range Os te eee 8 dsoirable ter teas om and Little Rost Seek the dopartntens weelt permit the same srumals in a Journey of such length for tho apply of oe Se done some rout further west than Spring- unobstructed with snow; History of the Contract and Preparations |-teit, iw aissoun, thence by Fayetteville, Van Buren and | the Valleys of ‘the Neosha, alt Fork, Red Fork, Ar- Fort Smith, in the Stato of to the junction at or kansas, Pecos, Galisteo, Rio Grande, Puerco, Rio for its Fulfilment. near the town of Preston, in Texas; bat the new tine will Colorado, Chiqui, the Colorado, Mojare and {an Joaduia, opted exprees condition ‘contrac: were comprised route, made - Sri CE RI tora should pot claim or demand from ie argextesem, or tered, tho best wooded, abd Ube beet for the muppiy of fod. COMPETING from Congress, any increased compensation for or on'ac- | It was ui Jbuquerque principal town THE ROUTES. count of such o ko in the routo from Si. Louis, or of tuo ow Manloo, whisn vorvbeet tae from boveniy. to ouhty pat Juoctoe © the ove name from Lie Rook to a rs Lryery oh and is best ‘calculated fs oupply on; rther express condition ilst | Lorses, cattle necessary to sustain 5 ‘The Arguments in Favor of the South Pass, the emount of lands to which the contractors may be | that the ‘are hever obstriicted with snow, #0 as or Thirtv-fifth Parallel, page ae Fayed Congress, may be mag ny Fried ‘the use of the route the year round; and Capt. the Albuquerque on either of said branches from Preston to St. Louis States Engineers) is quoted us authorit the Thirty-second Parallel and the or Memphis, 2 ne ee yet tho said sonra tet, ay highest poem r gy reo Tait. sl re one-| amount on each id | tude lecpest snow found was but eight incbes deep, Extreme Southern Reutes, and branches, 50 that neither should bave an advantage | and ‘the mercury was inves aaoatas tees though the the Objections te each, ih taeeey cf etadioas one Mcitieten ater. ine Sipee: And Pieetelbvigelgenpnm sor plow sin pale dover’ Or 008- » the: lecting and locating their lands uence er was of thirty or ae oo should disregard this eondition, or give other undue ad- } mi -t weet of tho Colorado, said to be the only rot on thee he, ad fe Vantage to one of the branches over the other, the depart- | route where water could not be obtained at all seasons. wn Toes et Laces pti: srid'ih tad aid conten ke cana While ase a chen ee rane L a 5 . set forth in ly of ."? deed, it is e an error waa So far from neglecting to make for fin ia compilation of Whipple's biped sete -whch ire epbbeanbeltmy obabertapl Penge se cers gn A Tears Bs eye worked ‘with | report nen BE Teves ‘oy which the'si Paso and ort Louis and Memphis, under he contract with the Overland Mail Company, started { om this city under the direction of Mr. John Butterfield, the president of the company. The contractors—Messre. John Buatterfleld, Win. B. Dins- moro, Wm. G. Fargo, J. V. P. Gardner, M. L. Kinyon, Alex. Holland, and Hamilton Spencer—are well known in your city as men of wealth, energy and ability, and every confidence is expressed in their succuss. ‘Thus is inaugurated under the administration of Mr. Buchanan a sccond great event of the age. The first linked two nations together; the second cements a union of tho extremes of a nation separated heretofore by time and distance, but now to be united by the facilities of rapid communication; and both tend to bind more closely those who before wero united in the bonds of brotherhood. Tue importance of an enterprise which is the first practical stop towards the Pacific railroad, can hardly be overrated, and I think I may safely pronounce it another great event of the age. If the overland mail succeeds, the rail- road and the telegraph will svon foliow its course; the setticments along the line will be built up with rapidity, our vast possessions in New Mexico wiil be opened up to us and to the world, and instead of a ous route to our Pacific possessions, te: me of impracticable in time of war, we sh and rapid route, whore but a few years since natar wildest aspect reigned supreme. It is im pursuanc Buchanan’s policy of developing the re try and studying its best interests, instead of tri the political hobbies of the day, that these benciits are to be gained. Under the supervision of his acim nistration the great unexplored centre of our continent has been sini in her of Mr, urces of the coun thrown open to civiligition. It has established « route through Northeru Texas from San Antonio to San Diego, a regular mail from St. Joseph to Salt Lake, from Independence to Santa Fe, and now the climax is capped by the successful commencing of this great enterprise. ‘The theory that mountains « y betw Hatac ate na. and our California “by the hand of tions, or that there brethren an impassable to th on us “er winds. of this enterprise at this time, upon the fu God, is thus ttere In vicw of the impo and the bearing v this country, T propos: you a e origi and bistory » contract unc pmpeting Tonics, so as to present in ac clear light ali the powts of t t ure destinies of ant of claims of ns nsed ace the ima the route, while ‘been made at all the stations for ing, &e., so that they can run straight thi ; every thirty miles all their ex) are and ¢: itions to com| rangements, they reovived the cordial co-operation of the ‘ostmaster General and the War Department, and received the most gentlemanly attentions from the officers of the Army at the various stations which thoy passed. I be- Leve that, whatever others may think, the contractors are convinced that they will succeed in establishing this mail route regularly within a very short eae and you need not be surprised to learn that they have si led in es- tablishing a daily mail to Sam Francisco within a year. ‘The adoption of this route was, as your readers are doutless aware, attended with no ordinary difficulties, comprising, a& they did, all the conflicting interests in the Vacific Raiiroad. ‘The schemes of ing contractors und jand jobbers, tue jealousies of various sections of the Union, the ciusbing views of the railroad companies, and the muchinatious of politicians, all had to be met, con- ciliated or overthrown, and to the credit of the adminis- tation, be it said, aged — been pursued, in ¢; f the of the disappointed spoils seckers ou the onc band, or the jeers and croakings of old ogy conservatives on the other. It has been pre- ted that the contract for the route never would be iven by Congress; that the contractors intended vut of their agreement; that they never made any Preparations to go on with the work time; that the route was would not ru it never would go through in time, and probably all. Now the contract was signed, sealed and delive: prepa ations bave been going on vi ously hy route bas beep found le y the company to give them a private the s have Tiacted eommniy and precisely pointed time and place. It only remaing to be whether they will go through at ‘all, and if so in the time epecitied. Your Lumbie servant feels so confident the men engaged in this work will not belie their reputa- or: Fe H i to be met 1 routes, no one doubts. All accounts agree that the travelling is not quite as plea- santas in a Fourth avenue car, or the fare as excellent as that of the Astor House, ar the climate aad temperature as ogrecable as the shi aide of in Septem- ber, bot, farther than '..s, | thimk I may say they do not seree. There were i all fo€r prominent competing will be necessary to refer t the general rv be parted will be th t fuiniliar to nation im Pay t consulting what I confets is sare article—a good map of the coun. try west of the Missicsippi. Itamay be, if all that ix said against this route be trae, that dhis is but the commence. ment of @ trial for a wagon road to the Pacific, and it be. hoove man to be thorou at tract for land ma: eever coincidence, has to comp: srs nearly at the same time, given, and what is a cu with a steam route which The ix o'clock train to-day took a mail East to go by steamer to Californin, while the cight o'clock train took a mall West. Which will get there first? The act of Congress under which this contract was made was passed near the close of the session iu March, 1867, its father in the Senate being Mr. Gwin, of California, and im the House, Mr. Phelps of Missouri. Ry the terms of the act “the Postmaster Geueral was authorized Ww cou. tract for the couveyunce of the entire letter mail from such point on the Mississippi river as the co might select, to San Francisco, in the State of ( for six Years, at a cost Lotexceeling three hi sand dollars per annum for sm) monthly, and fifty thousand du:lars for weekly, or ex hundred thou sand dollars for semi.week!y 26, to be performed semi-monthly, weekiy or semi weekly, at the option of the Postmaster Genera); that the contract should require the service to be performed with goo! four horse coaches of spring wagons, suitable for the convey ance of passengers ax well as the safety and security of the mails; that the contractor sbouid have the rigat of | -cmption to three bundred and twenty acres of not then disposed of or reserved ach pou sary for a stat.on, not to be nearer ten miles from each other—provided that ne ad should bo thus pre-empted; th rvice shovld be performed within twenty-five day d that, before entering into the contract, the Sehould be satis uITe gC Aomme—the serv ue eI tnence within twelve moutae after the signing of the contract. You wilt perceive trum this that the Postmaster Gene- ral simply was “authorized,” not required, laaving the matter entirely optional with the administration. Mr. Ba: cbanan bad too much tho interest of the country at heart to aliow this matior to pass by oonotioced. He paid per- foun! and ssmduous attention with Jae Postmaster General, Gov. Brown, to the manner of (rawing the contract, and Particularly Wo its awarding. You will pereeiv. the per plexity of (heir position when Congress liad left to them to ber location of a continental route upon which themselves conid not agree. Ths Norihera papers poured hot rhot into their ears to compe! the location at St. Louis, or at lest farther north: wht!e the Southora papers fired bombshelis om bebalf of the termini at New Orleans or Mempiis, and the extreme sontiers ronte by Jim Birch & line, far below the thirtieth parailel, commeucing at San Antonio, Ty as, and extending throngh the wildest portion of that’ State ‘weet to Hi Paso. Columns upen columas were written to show the superiority of either or both termini. A most formidable array of statistics of popula- tom, length of railroad. amount of trade, and predomi hance uf importance generally’, wore produced, and amid the wildest excitement of !] these interests the bide were opened im. ibe, 1857, and foand to be as follows, from the presets compasy — John Butterfield, William P. Pergo, Jame V. PF. Gardeer, Marcus L. Kin you, Hemilton Spencer and ‘Alexander Holland ut ‘m three bids for the sotai weekly mail, the common ine of eset being tae thirty-tifth paraliel, of Albuqnerqse route, which I shall describe before I close. The bide for the sem, weekly mail were ae follows.—Ficet, to run be tween St Lovie and San Francie alone, semi weekly, $586,009 per annum; se-ond, to run between Memphis and Han Francisco wlane, semi-weekly, $696,000 per an hum: and third, to run both St. Louis aud Mempbia, covverging at Ue best pot, to be settied after a full ex Aminaton, and proceeding thence am a cominon line to San Pranceece, $600,000. This bas as called the bifurcated route req the Tensmore, William 6G. in thot rom over any variation « » the judgment of the Post mart. indiceto as, from the result of exy bent | make the mail safe and expeditious. Tw portion master General might deem bor South, to avoid any obstructions rience Might prove to interfere with the aafe and regular transmiseion of This idea of @ bifur cated route, which, 1 + Originated with Mr. Jobn went of tie Company, seemed to ment Kt gave torminti to both the "1 i met the difficult; ne jorth and the South, and no advantage to either a diffenity which seemed to be imsnrmenn ts! P Cabinet will he by the thirty-« 1 oyprmition to the thirty Afth paral inte Je! route by adopting the bifurcation, locating the con verging point at Little Rock, and proceeding t the th s-cond pural'rl route jomre. Butte fough' bard for the thirty-dfth parallel, and were quite that though the act read ‘as the con they had we votes at ail in 0 which their Money was to be exper protest that they could not run a line of wet finger to Little Rock. it wae only after they had tried it and fownd it impossible that the Postmaster Gone. Te! was wi'ling to change the point af conveyance to Fort Foch Knowing the exisio'ce of this feeling of fear of the Fi Passo root, an oppesition member im the House ittrodveed & propesition to have the route altered. But vntractors Jent mo countenance to an at Of couree 0) f rumieration whase employes they were, eooeesafal owing to the vigerons opposiven t General irown. The conuract was eigned on the 16th Of September, 1867, just one year since, | and provided ‘That wherees, J he uttert. 4, Willian , Will a an TE Dinan ore, Willian } Voiland and By mwiitov ander Gartner, Marens L. Kingon, Al Bpourer, have been noocpted tire eter | 12th and 13th seotions at | 1 Sd March 1867, (tnaking appro. bg afd a “inen for the | 1°. instal »pi river , t naw ta . California, ax fe it-—From # Lona, | ‘Mo. and from hie, Tenn., converging wt Luitie Rook Ark, thence vin , TeXRA, OF AADOAE AYRE May be found Ruitinable. to the beet or the Rio Gronde above Fi Paso, and not far from Port Fill acne oad being inna enomtrue J fom of the or pear to Yuma, \'a! , thenes Hy the Dest for exteand waging to Sai Pal. and back, twine a ullabte for the conveyances ~ wate 8 year, for and dvoing the tori Of a yeas, com eae oy tem the year one thousand sight yundred anc ‘with the ib day of eight hundred and sixty 1 | this new ‘idlition to thie, Messrs, Butterfield & Co. etipatated | ae nd parallel, | } | food for cat | wos finally adopted, f to sums for OVERLAND ROUTES TO CALIFORNIA. Fist—Commencing with the most northern route, we bave thet from St. Louis and Independence by the North Fork of the Platte, throngh the South Pass of the Rocky mountains, via Forts Laramie and Bridger, to Salt Lake City, thence to the branch of the Oregon trail, in latitade 42 deg., and thence almost direct to San Francisco. Secumd—Taking the 30 called Middie route, we have that by Springfield, Missouri, following the course of the Ca a the ‘Tejon is generally Keown as the thirty-fifth paraliel route. ‘Lhiré—We have what is sometimes calied the e: ‘This is the ronte to be followed by the new Overland Mail Company, and is generally known as the thirty-second parallel route. ‘The fourth is the “Jom Bireb’s route,"’ from San Antonio, through the vatley of the Pecos to about the thirty. i}, theace via Fort Davis and the valley of the nie (0 E! Vaso and Fort Fillmore along the thirty- to San Rie Gr second parallel route to Fort Yuma, and thence dD vese four routes had all their friends and zealous advo- catee—those in favor of the first point triumphantly to Lake City. Tue friends of the second brought the evi- dene. of exploring of the government, and the fa- Die geographical Jo , being the nearest iu a direct San Francisco. The friends of the estimony of government and private he fact that part of the route had al ¥ been in use onder the “Jim Birch’s” contract from ego to Ban Ant ; While the friends of the fourth unted to the fact that it bad already been in successful bout six months. The eagerness iuteresth—so vast as to include the Union—may be explained ation that the adoption of te to San Francisco was regarded ar the preearsor of the Pacific Railroad route. The North ern States wanted it arranged so as to accommodate best their vast network of railroads, The Southerners wauted st so as Wo accommodate their trade, and it was alleged by rome, in case of 8 dissolution of the Union, to secure Cail forn.a. Here, of course, the politicians speculators: had a say, and the consequence was that frum the time the matter of awarding this contract for a great overland tail te San Frenewco was agitated in Congress, to the ume the contract was signed, there was # tremendous flutter ing among al partes, and had it not been for the firmness of Mr. Buchanen's admioistration we doubtless should have been witnessing dhe fight «tll on. after ® Indst Exeiting fight over the subject, finally left the de- cimon of the route to the Postmaster General, who, with the Prerident and Cabinet, agreed upon the thirty second parallel route, whieh is now going Into operation. Just to vive your readers an idea of the perplexity of the subject, and Of the vast amount of conflicting testimony in rela: thon te the different routes, 1 propose to give you in a con. Gensed form the arguments «inch were advanced for each. THE ROUTH PASE ROUTE STA UTAH. This route can bacdiy be said to bave entered inte com petition with the others in the selection of the over: land mali route, Lying ten degrees north of El Paso, and seven degrees north of Albuquerque, the temperature i almort universally conerded to ve tov celd to admit of the possibility of running stage coarhes semi-weekly the . as provided im the present contract. Gen. of rr, the eyor General of Utah, found snow from twenty to forty fect deep during the uuddic of April, in the Rocky Mountain passes; and Col. Fremont found in the moun- | yamces west of Utab, unmelted snow at the end of » Thoogh « weil watered and desirable route in eum the terrible storms and snow drifts in winter, such crated by Col. Cooke, make ita desolate regiona en- out of the guestien, when considering a fearibic om route for entire year. The terrible sufferings of our army en rewe for Uwh iaet winter, make this fact patent to every intelligent reader. the route was partially advocated by a certain ignorant journal in your wwhich takes pains to imitate If typographical ap- pearance, it was Lever serivusiy of by any one ft all posted an the subject. The recent anooees of the new mall arrangements have, however, rather {te reputation ac a summer route. JIM BIRCH’ ® ROUTE FROM #48 ANTONTO TO RAN DIBOO. ‘This js the extreme eosnare — aud haw already deen run nearly a year. It was bighly appreciated by Feraas, Roctkrn Gennes ond Lower Californians, whow it most benefitted, andr ite regularly once per monti: Tt was for a long time pretty broadly bi that Mr. Birch would get the rect ‘contract in apite of the de- mand of the North and West for a location which would be central for the Union. It was urged that Mr, Birch had fuifiled bis contract era and a w he in great part superseded new one, o in com Son to be ellow to take the new one. entre the rente from San Antonio to San Die» i 1.410 miles, and from New Oricans to San Antonio about 686 milee, and has been described as a aplendid na- pin gin OY with an abundance of water, grass and , with but one desert of conseq cros@, An account of the first regular mail tri | San Antonie, Texas, on the 9th of August, 1867, und ar- rived at Son Diego on the Slat, states that the entire dis. | tance woe made in thirty-four travelling days wighout re- lays "The mail agent stated that on the eighty mile desert, he. twoen Tuceon ond the Gila, they found sufficient water in three or four places to supply hundreds of animals. No Ind) one wore seen after they left El Paso, and but fow be fore (uat po'nt. though the second train was not so kur cess. ful. The immigration at that time was quite large, and the trail har face been a favorite with ali parties from the south and southwest, and (rom Fowor Cniifornia, A strong effort was made to have this route adopted for the preeeut contracts for wovkly and semi-weokly mail, but the combined interests of the North and Nortlewest, hav ing on eye to the establishment of a Pacific Railioad route, ae well as to acwommodate their own vast trade, worked hard against it, and succeeded in obtaining the new route whieh is now going into Operation, as Mr. Bireu's route obviously could be made of little or no benefit to the North or Northwoat. It will be seen therefore that the creat contest in the awarding of the present contract was between the thirty-6fth and the thirty second pwraltol routes, both to start from St. Louisa as a common centre and, as the one had a host of warm friends and th. otuer notice of them both than T have we You a like fuile fk. pl aary of the others THR ALATQORRQUE, OR TURTY PIF PARALLEL ROWTR. ‘This route is from either St. Louis or Memphis to Alba querque on the apper Rio Grande near the thirty Mb ya rallel, hence in an almont direct line west to the Mojave river and the Tejon Pass and up the Tulare and San Joa quin valleys to San Francisco. The geographical advan tages claumed by its advocates are, that it is ax nearly as | ponsible in a direct line from San Francieeo to St. Ly | that the first available through the Sierra Nevada end Slorra Madre, the far\hest north wnicl can be used ‘Yuma route was’ made to appear two hundred and ‘fifty miles shorter and Millions of dollars cheaper than this route, when, on the contrary, is and sixtean mailow snafter, aaa two bebeireh terested ast El Paso route. It was cluitmed that i gium tho fact that Secretary Davis ty of the Texas route is attributed to the mistake above al- cuded to, The official reports of the temperasure of Fort Veflance, which is above tho thirty-fifth parallel, mako it ay that New York, Rochester, and even Washing. ton, have all of them a muc! sreater average depth of snow daring the winter than Fort Defiance. Atl the sources of information seem to agree that this route is weil provided with the manes for supporting mail facilities, while its friends claim that it would well accommo- dute the body of the North, West, and South, taken asawhole. In Captain Whipple's report he urges, with reference to its feasibility for a railway, tivat the first six hundred and fifty miles from the eastern border of the Choctaw territory, to the river Pecos, passes in the val- ley of the Canadian, a belt of country which is unrivalled in that longitude in its facilities for @ raiiroad; that the fertile valleys would form tho nucleus of new States, if turown open to settlers amd an outlet procured for the products of the soil; that the snow can never prove an obstruction to @ railway; that the best general features are the interlocking tributaries of the Mississippi, the Rio Grande, and the Colorado; that rain-falis are oftener in this latitude than in the regions immediately north and south of it; and, in short, that it passes through more cul- tivable areas, is more abundant in supplies of water, and ‘a greater frequency of forest growth than any other route; while he believes the heaviest grades that would be required would be unequal to those now in use on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. ‘Thus it was claimed for this route, that is goographical pookion, and the results of scientific’ explorations, id ¢ it the preference, because San Francisco is but seven- ee south of St. Louis, and this was the most direct route thi the most reliable passes—it attorded aimost an air line Albuquerque to St. Louis, and was repre sented to be the only one which insured an adequi ply of water, that it was the route generally New Mexico; that it was the shortest and most from St. Louig, aud for the accommodation of the vast and net work of railroads, and was best calculated to build up sottiements along its line. 0 ardent were the admirers of this route in its favor, tbat one of them used the following tanguage, on the occasion of the El Paso route receiving the cudorse- ment of the Postmaster General itd the atm. stration :— Deserts the Postmaster Genera} will find are beyond the government control, and impossibilities are not to be Periorm- ed, even though they are wader contract and weal. Nor will ‘the necessity of concessions to the South, nor az considerations, lower # mountaln range or water arid plains, or meke a wagon road along the face Of life where 4 male 6xa keep his feet, Politics are one thing, und geography Meetings were held at Van Buren, Fort Smith, and ot! places, to urge upon the government the adoption of route.’ The report of Lieut. E. F. Beale to Secretary Fiuyd, has also been cited at length in support of its claims, who went quite as {ar ae either Aubrey or Capt. Whipple, and ‘esented it to be the most beautiful country be ever be hel rec hundred miles shorter than any other route from the Western froutier—the most level, well watered and timbered, with plenty of gras#, grain aud food, and the best chmate tbat could be desired. All this affirmative testimony would appear to be over- whelming at the first giance; but the question was by no means one sided, as to leave the Albaquerke route without a formidable competitor, with advocates who claimed to have seen some things which its friends ciaimed not to have seen, Capt A. A. Humphreys, of the Topographical Engineers, disputed that any mistake of the Secretary of War had created an erroueous impression as to the rela- tive length or cost of the Albuquerque and El Paso routes, He attributed the difference between Capt. Whipple's first and second reports to an attempt in the latter to de- monstrate a possible reaction istance be- tween the Big Sandy and the Colorado rivers— Acut off, the practicability of which had by mo means been demonstrated, He claimed that the distance and cost of a Pacific railroad on the thirty-fifth parallel, from Fort Smith to San Francisco, would be 2,090 mites, at $10C,000,000: and the distance and cost from Fort Smith to San Pedro by the same route, was 1,820 miles, the estimated cost of road being $92,000,000, without refe- rence to the cut-off from the Big Sandy to the Colorado. He estimates the distance and cost from the Mississippi to San Francisco by the thirty-second parallel route, as certainly not more than that by Albuquerque or the thirty fifth parallel; that the crossing of the great belt of the cneultivated country is better on the thirty-sscond than on the thirty fifth parallel. Just after the awarding of the contract for the thirty second parallel rvte, and in answer to the ings against the administration for tho adoption of that route, an article aj said to have been published by authority, tm which the following sum. maty was given of the relative length of the thirty-tifth ‘aud thirty cecond parallel routes: — Via Albuquerque, New York to San Francisco... Via Fi Paso, bs od Thus, allowing a difference of length of cork OT but ten miles the EXPaso route, with reference to climate, this Lg Nad parallel would es in Fe’ yand below of March. The winter the Rio Grande as frozen over, Indians as obiiget to co north, and the depth of snow at the fort over two foot at that time. ‘This, th anthority thinks, is enough VW settie the claim the Albuquerque route wiversely. Captaun was represented as having throwe two much | rose his roperts; and around the Defiance, the reports of Captain Sitgreaves, av-l Captain Simpson and Dr. Lether man, were all q ioted to overbniance the testimony en the other side, wiiile the report of Captain Hompirey was ex- tensively quoted from to show that so far from being in- master Gevetal Brown came oot with an able ‘utter in February last, to the Post Uthce Committes of the House, ip anewer to an inquiry from the committe on the orcas.oa, of the effort on the part of Messrs. Butterfieid & Cn., the n , to have their route located ot the part sirendy been tested under the old Jim Birch contr that it would be giving Mewr. Butterfield & Co. toe mach power to jet them alter the route as they chose; that the had already secured a modification of the permission to bifureate at Fort Sinith atte ; the selected tine through Fi the best strengthen: ing of now aud moch consideration for the interests of ev the country as postible, that Toute was for the ij ted, converging at Fort Smith, was eaoug) to satiety all ries; anit ay ae the reports of Captain Marcy, Pope, and Mr. A. H. Campbell, all wont to show that the cepartment had dove wisely im selecting the ha Faso rote in preference to Albuquerque for die great evar. land mail to San Francisen, But perbaps you will gather = negative ee, on this poiat in ~~ ¥ reeum = Propose to give of the arcuments, pro and com, in relation Ute rou ow opens aad. which, has yet W be de Monetrated to be deserving of the preference which it has received—the Bl Paso sod Fort Yuma route 1 Ki FASO AND PORT YUMA, OR THIRTY SRCUND FARALIRE nowre. As arranged by the government, under the contract of Messrs, Butterfield & Co., now going into operation, this route commences et St. Louis and Memphis, converging at Fort Smith, on the weetern border of Arkansas, Heuer to Preston on tho Red River, Fort Belknap on the Dragos, along the thirty eccond parallel from Fort Cha:ttrourne © Tucvan, through the velley of the Gila, Fort Yuma, the ‘Tejon Pare, and the valleys of Tulare and San Joaquin to San Francisco. In oppesition to Unie route, it was arged that the roads through the great Liano Estacado desert, the Hueco and Guadaloupe mountains, the desert piaing of the Gila and tho Co.ora\o desert, wae impracticable for a four horse coach, being afflicted with intolerable droughts, heat and burning sands of inverminoble dara- tow, that the grant of ecetions of lend every miles was of no use OM there borders of the torrid zone, the water- esa plains of the Gadscp Purchase, and the burning sands of the desert, aud the so cailed Great Piains had respective- ly grades of from sixty tw two bandred and forty fect per mile; that it was drdcient in the two elements for cheap construction and work a road—water and fel. fa. peeial attention was direct to a table of the different dis- tancer to be travelled in a torrid elimate, over mountain, across plains and throngh burning sands, to obtain water, as follows — From the Rio Grande to the tio Mimbres.. From the Kio Mimbres to the Vailey de Sanex. From the Valley de Sanez to San Pedro...... From the fan Pedro to Tucan... ee From tie Tucaun to Gila... hvew the Rio Mimbres, according to the report of Liewt, Parke, it was claimed, ought to be counte | out, as st was but abont six feet wide ant one [rot deep, an! often disap peered in the sands of the toad. The reports of the vane DaY, § THMBER 26, 1858. i [ i rl i 7 7 E Gi Z 5 H | i the ed principally of dust and sand, overgrown Wond; that the hills of the Gila’ vailoy, with but Were destitute of vegetation; ‘were whitened with the bones of men w! deavored to obtain water enough f the enterprise would not on!y fail to commend itself business interests of the country, but it was rp problematical whether the men and horscs could \y ive deserts 5 E. of a double barrelled not be the erred, he the heal, ‘that red and sixty-nine milcs of absolute desert, were four hundred miles without constant water; it practicable at all; that thé difference in favor of the Albuquerque route was four days travel, or 391 miles; that, in brief, it was a barren, sandy, waterfess, timberless, grassiesa route, without even’ the advantage of ' being of lovel and easy grade; that the circuitous route was ed for the purpose of making it as much as possible within slave territory, and to secure the build- ing of o Pacific railway on the most route; that the enterprise was already failure; that all persons at ail acquainted with the coun- try ridiculed the idea that the journey could. be made in twenty-five days, us required by the contract; that a vil- lanous bund of land pirates and Gadsden 4 hase, fact- suppressing Jefferson Davisitos bargained for the overland mail through the sterile deserts of Arizona, whose burn- ing sands and clouds would overwhelm and suffocate an army of dragoons; that the stipulations of the contract could not be fulfilled on uccount of natural obstructions Even after the contract was signed it was bol alleged that the contractors never intended to work the route; that they merely went into the thing to make a stock speculation, and that it was utterly impossible to get the route in worl order at the time specified. That igno- rant journal which doubted your exclusive despatch with the news of the pacification of the Mormons, as also your exclusive despatch of the news of the complete sne- cess of the Atlantic telegraph cable, also said with reference to the contract and the contractors, “We believe it will be a total failure. The stipulations of the contract cannot be fulfilled becanse of natural obstruc- tions which render its fulfilment impossible. There is reason to fear that the contractors bid off the contract without any idea of its responsibility, but with the gene- ral impression that it was the basis of a good sj tion. There is no satisfactory evidence that the con- actors expect to carry out their ui in good fuith.”” Now, I think your readers will admit that when the contractors Wi w met with all these objections, all this distrust, and these lbetious charges, they must have had some spunk, to say the least, and that if there is a tittle of truth in the many objections, their task in carrying out the contract will be herculean. But there were two sides to this question, as to that of the Albuquerque route, and J now propose to give you a few of the facts which were used in its advocacy and defence, leaving your readers to judge where the preponderance lays. Iu favor of the El Paso route it was urged that the pro- tection which would be necessarily accorded to the United pee od Loge would —s just to the citizens of the new Territory of Arizona, who were inadequately protect- ed by the force then in that country; that the Ter- ritory was more populong then either Kansas or Nebraska, it had no mail facilities; that it was equally exempt from the rigors of the winter of the Northern route as terribie beat which had been attributed: to it; that Mr. Jobn R. Bartlett, connected with the Mexican Commission, wrote an able paper, setting forth the ad- Vanteges which from bis personal expereience he knew the route to possess—he stated that his party crossed the Llano Fatacado desert without difficulty; water waa often found in severai depressions; that weils might be easily sunk so a8 to procure water at all times; that the crossing of the Hueco range of mountains was without difficulty, ‘or at least any but what was trifling; that there were fine between the Gi and the . the belt of country which is © Colorado, F the opper Brazos, and the Red » te three hundred miles or beyond the generally acknowledged limits of ; Uhat the sumnit level at El Paso is but 3,800 to feet, while at Albuquerque it js 7,000 feet; that slight snow has been known t& fall at El Paso, the mercury would at the district of bordering on El und Ro Grande js the wildest and richest portion of bettom lands along that «tream; that his surveying parties found water on the line of thirty-two degrees thirty-two twenty-two minutes, between Dona Ana and Cooke's spring, din their various reconnoissances discovered water in y places not marked on the asserted that the of the Santa Craz was the richest, and contained more hewe suit tween the Ri the thirty fret istrict trom the Rio Grande to the Colorado, with its Dread, open, gravelly plains, was well calculated for either a great wagon road or a railway. He repre. sented the Vino villages on the Gila as in a fine agri- evlinrat district, and the roud to Fort Yuma as excellent. On the whole, he expressed the opinion that, poor as it was, the region was infinitely better than any yet discovered adapted for a route to California. The famous letter of Vostmaster General Brown, to whieh I nuuded in my noticr of the Albuquerque route, also pre. sented scme strong arguments in favor of the route adopted by the government. #rom a general view of the 7 phy, etcorulogy and. physical character of the foterlor portions of the country, westward of the limits of the pre- rent population, Mr. Nn caine to the conclusion the march of empire must be in a southwestern course from the Mississippi river, and mate were against the more northern routes. he = that the lower route was but ten longest, » Le thought, could not overbalance that in climate, timber and in favor of , corroborated: tween the Nels of 82 degrees and Delt of well watered and well timbered country projects into the parched and treeless waste of the Pains," and proaches to within 300 miles ot the Rie Grande at Fl Paso, ‘The uncuitivated belt of the desert, le extd, was ful! S50 miles shorter on the thirty.second para'iel than on the thirty-fifth. Of the conntries beyond the Rio Grande, queted concurrent testimony to show that the El Paso remte is well watered anc timbered. bas fine game and cattle, and abounds in grain, the explorations of Major Fmory, Captain Marcy, Captain Gray, Commussioner Tartlett, Caj tain Homphrese, Uentonant Maury and other explorers, clinching the whole with the report of Secretary Tavis, that © the Fi Paso route of the thirty-second parallel ‘s not only the shortest and least costty route to the Pa- cthe, but alse the shortest and cheapest rovte to San Fran- ciseo.”” Teun hardiy better close tine résumé of the argu monte in favor of the Fi Tavo route, than by appending tha fo Cwing resolutions , adapted at the Southern Commercial = Convention held at Knoxville, Tennessee — Convention looks with great interest overiand mail ronte to apt Port Yams, and to the constriction raiiroad: aud as the The following actual messurements of the distances by the exploring party of the overland mail company will be of interest here: — From St. Louis to Syracuse, Mo. Syracuse to Springfield, Mo... Springfield to Fort Smith, Ark... For: Smith to Colbert's Ferry, Red river Colbert's Ferry (eighteen miles below Preston) to Fort Beiknap , Fort Beikoap to For! Chadbourne to Pecos river ‘econ river to Pope's Camp. Voye’s Camp to Franklin (near 1% Taso), Frawkiin (Uh ae dies) to Fort Youn, Fort Yum, ov the Coiorado, to San Francisco ‘Total distance from St. Louis, via El Paso, to Son Francisco. caneanddnaaes canis ta ‘The distan Memphis t Port Smith, by the road (ravelied for the present, i about 400 miles, The letter mails leave St. Lonis and Memphis at the same Lour of the seme day, meet at Fort Smith and are put unto one bag, oor! proceed thence to Som Franc: co. - wongers may with equal advantage lerve either Bt. Louis or Memphis for San Francisco, as travellers from those vities reach Fort Smith atthe same how snd travel to fan brapeico together. ‘These, in brief, are the argumen's pro and con in re's. tion 10 the competing rontes for the great overian* mai) to California, The administration bas selectod the inst, and btless fecls ratisficd that the heat interests of the country are thereby benefitted; that the men to whom the contract bae been entruste!, are who ih exeout vege Cheat trast arc merely carrymg on « business in whieh they have been for years engaged, that the prejrdicos of both sections of the country have been cone tho eloption of the bifurcated route from St. Lovie and Mem. ying, apd that Jidie.ously located, away from the xtreme temper ‘and the south, a@ to be © n of absolute sucerss, The croakmgs of the dimap- pointed ayo: -secKere ane old fogioa must, to some extent, if PETE eee Pertipe i Firebegh Ferry, do: 8 , do. Marrise If the wagons keep up to the time table, the trip will be made inside of twenty-five da} ts, providing the reads are not un accidents de not occur. As tho Now York on the 20th by the steamer, there will be some competition, The will be due in San Francisco on the 11th or 12th, and tho overland mail on the 10th, Every nerve will be strained | to keep up to time. The correspondent of the Hexatp will go through with the first mail bag, if it is a possible Ow Tag War 0 San Fraxctsco OvERianp, } * ‘Sopt. 16, 1858. Details of the Starting of the First Mail—Wiat the Western People Think of It—The Direction for the Mail Bag— The Route on the Pacific Railroad—Necessity of Military Protection Over the Plaint—A Suggestion for the Gcca- som, Bc. Be. | sent you a lotter this morning, with an account of the great overland mail enterprise; but, owing to the fact that I stagtgBglong with the first mail bag, I could not give you tho @etaiis of the start, though I informed you that we were on the way. Although some of the St. Louis papers noticed that this important enterprise was to be com- menced to-day, but little attention appeared to be paid to it, except by the persona! friends of the contractors and a few others. Indeed, have been somewhat surprised to find that in the West—which, above all other sections of the country, is to be benefitted—so little attention is paid to the great overland mail. I could not but be im- pressed with the fact that your representative, then over a thousand miles from home, was the only member of the press who witnessed the deposit of the first mail bag en route for San Francisco overland in the cars of the Pacific Railroad Company, at St. Louis. The operation in itself was simple enough; but as the honest Irishman passed the two diminutive bags to Mr. Jobn Butter. field, the President of the Overlan1 Mail Company, T could not but think that the time was not far distant when the overland mail from St. Louis would be of less insignificant proportions, and when I might look back wiige that day ef our fathers do Dow upon the time when a journey from New York to Albany was a Tateuhog, und when to a railroad would have been a carte Wanche for the Lunatic Asylum. I looked forward in my ii ination to the time when, instead of a wagon road to the lacific, we should have a raiiroad; and when instead of having to wait over forty da; ran answer from San Francisco @ delay of as many minutes will be looked pon as a imposition, and of as many seconds as “ doing from to middling.” In this view T ‘could not allow the lags to pass me without copying tho direction, just at a matter of history. Here it is, as it was branded, On a stick tied to the bag— ‘Saw Framceco, Cauronsia. YER OVEKLAND MAIL. Sr. Lovie, Sept. 16, 1858. Return Label by Express. POC OOO COAIOETEOLLE LE DOODLE DIES O08 There were only two small bags, a6 the Postmaster at St. Louis only put in such as were marked “Per Overland Mail."” This was deemed advisable, so that in case of acci- dent to the wagons the mail can be thrown across a mule, proceed on its dest:nation. bag SE od and ever, taken some ‘and packages for stations they intend to deliver the ‘route, whiel tly, and if expectations aro fulfilled, to furnish oo ttext o the time of starting, in advance of the steamer that leaves on the 20th from New York. Mr. Butterfield intended to have taken the bags from the Fest Office at St. Louis bimself, but the Postmaster sent them to the railroad depot in'the mail wagon, and Mr. Butterfield took charge of them there. He will accom. many them s& far us Springticld, Mo. ‘Tho mail from Kicenphis, which is to meet this at’ Fort Smith and pro- AN itto San Francisco, was to have started this morning. Should it, from uny unforeseen cause, be de tained, understand the Postmaster General has giv; istructions to wait for it, if necessary, at least a day. But you may depend upon it that Mr, Crocker, who bas that part of the Ene under his et , will make ever cflert to be up to time, und nothing but eccidents whiel would step any route will prevent his appearance with the Memy mail at Fort Smith when we getthere, It should vor be a matter of surpriee though there should be some delays in the first journey over a comparatively bnew route; but as from today the trips will become weekly, it’ will doubtless pot be long before the line in ‘good running order. As the service i to commence on the Pueifie side at the same date, we shall have, if the contract is fulfilied, a semi-weekly ‘mai! arriving im San Francisco, Memphis and St. Louis, and compictely eclipsing the news of the steamers. To insure thos success, the administration of Mr. bochanan has done much in giving to experienced mon this the greatest Mail contract for forvice ever given. But it must taining’ ng toey wil, valvable mala und packager ae to taining, mst valuable mai . are be exiegt citer from the designs of lawlon Indiant or ceed, stood of pal protection can alone be its im an to be apdersteed as 8a) OF unsinuating that these Mo's will not go through sufe, for the route inciudes » bi mber of military poste, and the company has provided from tts ample nucone armed at the weaker ponte, Bvt aesurance should be made doubly sure in thie great nationai work, and the sufety of the mails in- sured beyondg: peradventare. Let any o° your realers luke # map of Texas and note the large namber of forts which det ie westera section, Now, ~ hy could net the mach who are here stationed be placed along the overland route forming a chain of military posts along its line, and serving tu kemp the Indians north of it where thay be- long? This would make effectual the lorge army drafts now employed in Texas, and would look more like using them to scme purpose, ‘To use these men where they are now, ix like scattering an artay to receive the attacks oy an insigeus enemy. A line of milita: ¥ defences along this route weuld not oply protect the mail but the coun- try mnth of it, end render available all that most desira. bie part of Texas south of the thirty.second parallel, as well os the rich mince and fruitfal lands of the Gadsen Purchase in New Merico, whose inbabitants ave been harassed by the incursions of the Indiana deso. ir country. ‘The protection would be but a fair out of the stipniations onder which purchase was made, It would rapidly pero the way fer rich and popaious , and a return far above its cost. pecuniary But F have alldwed my reflections to carry me further than my facts, aud have not yet told you how far the overland tma:t has progressed. We are now on the Paciie Raitroad. But what's ina name? Tis a single ck road, end only extends about a hundred and aixty miles west of St. Logis. It bas noarly a due wost course, following the course of the Missouri to Jefferson City, the apital of the State. It hae been #ix or feven years in be course of constroetion to this point, having, in the tow when the river ia full, hard competition with the ‘teumbouts, About thirty-seven miles from St Louis, at Fronkiin, whieh ie still an embryo town, the southwest ranch, which was intended for the great Pacifle road, is ‘ The iden of the road at ita commencement was to make it carry out its name, and in so far ae carries the overland mail it has done so. About eighty eo ht miles from St. Louis is the Gasconade bridge, which bout two years since broke down, and quite a number of prominent citizena were killed. ‘There are four t neleon the road, in all aboot t uarters of a mile long. ‘The rock appears to be of a clay nature, very ,and ir, 1 believe, sometimes called cotton wood . ‘The route is generally mere hilly and rocky than ny part of the country L have noticed, often passing the Hudson River Ratiroad, There are, however, along the ‘ine large agricultural districts, and | noticed mach corn, tohaceo nnd Chinese cane wrowing. The latter is much grown here, though I believe its not yet worked te obte in eugar, The syrup is said to be very exeetient, This rond rune through the most agricultural district of Miscouri, east of Jefferson City, and strangely contrasts with the fertiie prairies of Indiana and Hlinoit, whose vast flelds of waving corn and grain can only be ao- comated for by the rapil introdvetion of agrioaliural Ins bor saving machinery which has yet to come into use here, As we rode along Teaw two or three of those un gainly locking Westorn steamboats, which on the North river would be mistaken for mud scows. One of them was sground—« situation particularly sug restive of iig Muddy js navigated, notwithstanding the wide flat bottome of the beats. At Jefferson Oity the passengers take the boats for Kansas and Leavenworth, as the road isnot yet completed as far as that. An exterision has, however, been comploied to Tipton, obout chirty-cig! yy, the road leaviny the Missoni ve that point and takiag 0 more it har been putin the bands of mouths, and the road is so bad menced. itherly cours: sane beta few t S Lh, the jonrhs y of the thirty sirht miles ceoupton a the land ap} ui ours sometimes. Jefferson (ity more level, with better opportunitics for cultivation. As contemplated the road is to pass (hrough Cooper, l’eters, Johnson and dackeon counties to the mouth of Cp | river. It is, 1 believe, a!! vader contract. Tl company have a gret of a million acres of the bost ron and lead region of Miesourl to Assist in the conetrnetion of the southweet brasch of their road Thad but a glance at Jeffrson Coity, a8 we stopped there menta; bet the capitel can plainly be seen rs going © ther Wg 67) Btech emi henee overlooking the Fr which the track winds, It is built of light magnesia limettons, and thor,h of somewhat diminutive propo. tions, bas quite a | OF commomt, commanding appearanct. ‘The city, believe, has about is nob visible to advantage from ', Mo., the ond of the Paoifie “a toute this morning y. We loft St. m at eight o'clock, and are to leave Tipton ‘Ths far wo are up to time. I shall mail you this at Ti and after that will write as the journey will permit. If can writo in tho wagons with not leas convenience than paid written this in the cars you will hear from me rega- ly. STATE SABBATARIAN CONVENTION. Contest Between the Canals and the Railroads. POLITICAL ACTION RECOMMENDED. INTERESTING DISCUSSION---RESOLUTIONS, &e., &e. &o. Syracuse, Sept. 14, 1866. From the sublime to the ridiculous is but one stop, it has been said; and so froma convention of froe lovers, spiritunlists and infide's, to one of the strictest sects ef of progress. Those who desire to promote the physieal improvement of the race ended their Convention im Uiiea on Sunday , to mike room for those who look to tho strioteat observance of the Sabbath, and who met in Syracuse, ‘This Convention met in the Park church, pursuaat te he following call:— bey Lagtepre op re My Rt There will be a State Convem- ton of the held in Seracnwe, on Tueaday, Sept. 14, at 10 A. M., for the purpose of devising and fng meains to promote ‘obenrvance of tha 1.0. SyRacuse, August 6, 1666. On motion of Rev®Mr, Sramny, of Syracuse, Rev. Me. Mattison, of New York, was appointed chairman; but Mr. M. declined the honor, stating that he thought he ooaid serve the Convention better in the capacity of & reporter. Rev. Mr. Warner, of Weedaport, was appointed im bia stead, and mace a brief speech on the occasion. Rev. W. W. Newell, of Syracuse, was appointed seere. tary. ‘The proceedings were oponed with prayer by Rev. Mr. Warner. Mr. Sremey, of Syracuse, thought that this was not a delegate Convention, aud hoped the proceediags would be informal. Mr. Boove, of Syracuse, said he entertained the same idea, but said that while it would be weil to receive the names of delegates, all present are de facto members of the Convention. At this point the report of the Central Committee was called up from the table, and the Rev. Mr. Srrumpy, froma the committee, made a report, giving « history of the Sab- bath enterprise, aud repeating the object of the Conveu- tion as defined in the call. ‘The Rev. Mr. Latina, of Junius, further explained the ‘object of the Convention.” Ho had ‘been in favor of post- poning the meeting for one month, but others had thoughe ‘best to begin earlier, and he had waived tho point. Mr. Covs, of Syracus*, moved the appointment of a vwai- ess cominittes. Cariied. The same gentleman moved that the Hon. Isracl Maa- tingtow be the chairman of that committee. Carried. ¢ Rey. Messrs. Backus and Foote of Syracuse, the Ror. ‘Mr. Burghardt of Schenectady, and the Rev. Mr. Vauder- cook of Fulton, were added (0 the committee, which thom retired for consultation. A motion was made and carried that the Chairmas oul upon delegates from the different parts of the State te pre- sent Cag views in regard to the questions before the Com- vention, Mr. Poors, of Syracuse, begged leave to move thata committee of threo be on the entertainment of members of the Convention who are strangers here. Car- ried; and Messre. 8. Mead, Ira H. Cobb and HH. D. Hoteb- kiss, of Syracuse, were appointed such committee, ‘The Rev. Mr. Larter, of Junius, was then called upon, and expressed his views at some length in regard to the better observance of the Sabbath. The Rev. Mr. Masti. ton, of New York, foliowed. ‘The reading of the minority re} of the laat Senate, in regard to closing the canal s on the Sabbath, was here called for, but postponed by eneral consent. ‘The Secretary reported the list of delegates :-— Rev, Geo. W. Warner, W. G. Park, Oaon: Weedsport. L. R. Avery, Lysander. Rev. H T. L. Carson, Jordan |. Mattison, Union N. Y. Job bao Ww = jobn L. Hoyt, Weeus; 8A. Botsford, de. T. Palmer, Syracuse. J. McLare, Onondaga. Chapel, N. Rev. M.F. Stricby Syracuse. Key. J, D. Adams; Geddes, . J. 8. Backus, Syracuse, Rev. W.W. Newell, Syracuse. Rev. J, B. Foote, Rev. E. Lattimer, Junius, H. B. Knight, de. George Collin, do. ’ . Fillmore, Park Samuel! Mead, do. Chnreb, Syracuse. D. Hiotchkise, de. Rev. W. L Hunt, Weedeport. §. F. Mattby! do. . P.M. Burghardt, Clas- 11. Horton, de. 818 Of Schenectady. Sotomon Spears, Sabina. Rev. J. T. Sccley, 2d Baptist Church, Syracuse. Rey. M. M. Wakeman, La Hon. R. H. Tyler, Pultou. Peter Burns, Syracuse. Heman Phelps, do. Fayette. Geo. Cramer, Weous} Rev. J... Dwight Hayden, Syrecuse. N. Ratns Stanton, Rev. H. P. Bogue, Syracuse. Rev J. B.Smith, Fayetteville. Rev. A.M. Fradénbarg, Peru. Rev. James Irwin, Fulton. Rev. M. Wilkin, Sterling. Huntor, Rev.J. 1B. Richardson Geneva Hon.A.P.Granger do. ‘Hon. |.Huntingtou, Syracuse. M. R. Ward, do. ar forinaigh aoamnn = 4 Bogardus, Dew itt it Cobb. Ryracuse L. Williams. =’ “do. Charles Peaco, 0. Abner fates, do. E.C. Tuttle, do. ‘Thos. Danforth, Lafayeue. ' Jas. McParland do. Benj. Watrous, Cortiand co. . Mr. Sextey, of Syracuse, Rev. D. ©. Hopkins, of Jersey City, N. J., was invited to sit asa Oa motion of Sr. Boure, of Syracuse, the Com me 5 8e, veation took a recess until 2 P.M. AFTERNOON SESSION. There were about a.xty persons assemble! at the alter neon session, including three or four ladies. The firss bustners done was the reading of the reports of the ma- Jority ani minority of the special committee of the Sonate ‘of New York, to whom was referred last session the potl- Con of those who were in favor of tho.closing of the looks LE canals on the Sabbath. z Majority report was signed by H. J. Stow and John (Mather. the following aro extracts fom ln ‘That there arc pursuits which of necessity are and mast for ever remain . all will admit; that there are others where parts nm necessity and partly from ex. diency the ruil ould not be applied in full force, the committee believe, and that the navigation of the canals fall within the latter clase of pursuits this committee are wtrongly impresved. . . . * * * . . The boatman is competied to spend the day either in list- Jess idleness, which is quite as much a violation of the Sab- bath in an enlightened point of view as the pursuit of quiet, unobtrusive, useful employment, or he is forced to Feck “relief from the unendurable monotony of his Sabbath by resorting 10 scoret amusemonts, the tendencies of whieh are such as the laws certainly should net by Uheir seve rity invite, or he {8 driven bo me boisterous, Roly re- creations, injurious to himself offensive to athera. Nor will the evil stop with the boatmen alone. Their forced Wi) to some extent become contagious, and lie leness, secret dissipation, boisterous mirth, and, perbaps, wanton mischief, will often be substituted for Sabbath observances. Such, we be- Hove, will be somo of the resulta engendered and created by a law potent to restrain labor Sut impotent to restraia view. The minority report, nigned by R. A. Loveland, conteets there views, and complains of the lock tenders being forced t work on the Sabbath or lore their situations The Hon. imagt Hewmnctow, of Syracuse, from Committees on Busines, reported the following rasaia- hone: — Resolved, 1. That we hold ft on ineontestible demonst rated by all past expertence drawn from both the indi” vidual, physica! ioral eastitution of man, that the ob- servance ia indiapenaable to the nt- tainment of the highert degree of social happiness and na- tional prosperity; por will (ae descendants of thore who te Hs "2 erived, 2 That of this State to probibit the use: pA ey and fo Paflronds for ‘and that the inte- God imperntively de- apective of po:tth rol LG BR ry tag re of oli al organteations «proce ‘stream ieee prsvane af kT re ibe Seat fee of th eqmint ire Shaw ander aerers paltien the running ‘beats on the canals, ad nie the analog Of passenger ot freight cara OB All the railroads of tig Gtnte on fo bat cenolved, 3 Phat thie convention recommend ito thowe ew election vot wi! posed A a ian aervene cure ainers to A Ri ee eS aa d i. a ent of toa yang J takes tte not ‘ Sika sews to prrante the higher neod of Seine members lor the Leekleene they will, 2 : eable, vote only for those who are known to be favorablo to ~ the chjeeta set forth in the uregaing reaolwthoos. On motion the report was neo plod, and the reeolutions were put oriatim, Rev. Mr. Backes o jocted to the last clause of the Grae Fesolution. He, a8 one of the committee, understood tie it was to have heon omitted. Mr. Hosvinevon replied that its omiasion was not recom. mended by the committe, The Convention, however, corld deal with it ae it plensed. ‘The resolution was 5 n The second resolution being read i‘ Mr. Be cowanpr stated that he would bo sorry to hare. these resolutions the Convention, without notay,” , He believed it was the ag" of the com. 7 mittee merely ta prepare business for the Convention for @% eeese s7.2*" @as620- tal » o catia ‘ x a eenen