The New York Herald Newspaper, August 23, 1858, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. | 4088S GORDOD BENNETT, | UMTOR AND PROPRIETOR. | OFl Ce N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU 3TH ipa YEP HekaLD w 00 Gente 5 Ciel THE WEERLY HERALD core Giturttty it oats PF o> $8.per muon: the B '-- pon Bilton. ®4 per annum, 40 porta Gini ow 3 fo ane part @/ the Continent. I + ter THE FAMILY HERALD, -wery Wedneeday, 0 four ents por or Bone ner ane VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, domportumt mene. Fovom cony quanrtan of the scales: ¢F mand will be liber Pally posed for Sar Ob FREIGN CORRESPONDERTS aE Pau ROW RLY Reowevren eo Rest aut LerrERs amp Packages eons ve. FO NOTICE caken of anonymons communication, We do MUD VERTISEMENTS renewed day; atnertisements in 4 every day) a al mike Sucery Mane, Pewter Mewata, and im the and JOB PRINTING executed with acaincas, cheapness and des STBLO'S GAKNEN, Seoadway—Hou0or ror Bcanpal— Promenape Coscrnt BOWARY THH-TRI Quoue-Jonr Bou arn WALLACK'S THRATRE, Broadway—eisu Liox —Ros- Dees oF tus Busiwou. BARTGN'S AMAROAN MORBUM, Broadway—Aner- Bove and Peantne—THinmaw’s THEATRE OF ART, OR ARI. Maren Wourr—Overostet 40 FOODS AUTLVIMG, 31 and 663 Sroadwey—Bratorian Bonar, Dasoes, £0.— On, Bonu! MECHANICS’ B ALas <7? Wvadway—Beranre’ Mrwernes —Rxgeo Merosms arp Boacxsqres—Sorees D’etMI0r. New Fork, Monday, Aagust 23, 1858, caware— Toe Trarrens- Rev oTrER JowaTHan. THE OCEAN CABLE. he Telegraphte History—Tne Coremuny of Leying Une Cable—The Kf.ct of tts Sucores Tnrevghbout tae Coantcy—The Qacin’s Message—Tac Preeident's Reply, dio, dic. Ancther edition of the Wwexiy HsRa.D, containing a fall far! grapdic Gesoription of the successful laying of the ‘Canto Tolegraph Cabie, will be publismed this moraing. ‘The history embraces :— 1.—The oriy complete accrrnt of the ceremony of !*y- Tetbe cable, as described by our special correspondent, bo was on board the Niagara. 2.—Bull renerts of the effect this great event produced Brocebout the couetry. : Sd. Tbe Quer n’s meesece and the President's reply. 4.— Grapbic Desoription of the Celebration in the Metro- wols—The Muminetion— Fireworks, &o., ko. 6.—The Reception of Mr. Cyrus W. Field and Captatn Hodace, by the Brook) 0 ante. ities. ‘These accounts form the fullest aad most complete bitory of the last and eaccessful effort to lay the Oveac Came Our readers will want to proserve @ copy of this eieresting rarrative of ono of the greatest events of the ngs. Simgie copies, i= wrappers ready for mail, six cents. ma Ls Fee eeRers The Kew Yorm Heratt- Kdition for Kurope. Y The Curarc mail steamebip Niagara, Capt. Moodie, will Leave thie port te dey for Liverpool. The Furepean matis will close te this city at ter ©’ clock this morning. The Surcyean egition of the Airna:p, printed im French (en 6 Engin, wil) be publisbec et bai! past aino o'clock in the morning Single copies, in wrappers, six cents. Bupceript ons ané advertiser onts for amy edition of the Nav Tour ear wil! be reostved at the following piace | tn Barcpe— | Lampas,... ‘amson Low, Sea & Us., 47 Ladgate hill. © | Tires & Macey, 61 King Witting street. Paem.. Lansing, Raidwin &Co., 8 Place de ia Boaree. Livaarcot, Laseing, starr & Co., 9 Chapel street, ® @tnart. 10 Kxonaage surset, East. Harms, Lassiog, Baldwin & Co , ti Rue Corneille, ‘The couteuts of the Burcpeas edition of the Henatp will combite the news recoived by mail and telegraph of | bho OMe Gurtug the previous week, end ap to the hour of | prditoation. ‘The News. By the arrival of the steamship Anglo-Saxon at Quebec yesterday wo bave four days later news from Europe. The dates are to 11 o'clock in the forenoon of the 11th instant, and the intelligence is interest- ing. At Liverpool the cotton market was firm at the qnotations carrent on the 7th; whi e breadstuffs, ow- ing to the continued favorable reports of the harvest, hed experienced a trifling decline and were dull of bale. No change of moment had occerred in the London money market. American securities are reported dull st previous rates. The euthusiasm regarding the Atlantic telegraph continaed unabated, and moch anxiety prevailed there, as bere, as to the temporary difficulties en countered in working the wires. The first message | from Newfoundland reached Valentia on the night ot the eth inst. The telegraph stock was quoted at £900. Varions schemes for laying submarine cables | were before the public, among them one to India. The Cherbourg fees bad terminated grandly, and the Queen and Prince Albert had left England ona visit to P oS From Spain there were reports of contemplated | ministerial changes. There is tater and important news from China. | ‘The gunboats of the I'rench and English fleet had passed up the l’ei-Ilo so as to command the Grand | Canal. The French and Engiish plenipotentiaries | were domiciled on shore neer Tien-sin, where a bigh Chinese dignitary had arrived from Pekin as a spe- cial commissioner to negotiate. The American and Ruslan envoys had followed the allies up the river. Later acconnts from India hed reached England by telegraph, but they coatained nothing of impor- tance. An arrival in Fngiand from the coast of Africa reports the captare of an American vessel called the Plive Gibbs, with all the paraphernalia of « slaver On board. By the sccoants from Venezuela, published in o-day's paper, it will be sen that there is imminent anger of « collision between the French and Eag lish equedrons at Laguayra and the Veneznelan povernment, growing f the proceedings of the latter with regard to ox sident Monagas. The interesting aspect of aifairs at Venezuela is com mented on in our editorial colainns, to whieh the reader is referred. The annexed table shows the temperatare of the atmosphere in this city during the past week, the Pange of the barometer, the variation of wind cur rents, aad the state of the weather at threo periods @uring each day, viz.: at 9 A. M.,and 3 and 9 o'clock P.M Monday —Crear wii day and night @ —Morning, clear; afvernuo, clo ty with rane W Overcast and sultry all ‘ey; oicht, sexry 12 o'rioek. ig CLE, , Condy aad co); efernovs, clew Fiebt, cheer and cool Friday —C ear and cool all day. Swrurday —Morning, clear, The whale ship Junior arrived at New Belford on | Vy lest, with the matincers who rove upou ae’ | Killed the commander and officers of that vesw | while in the Pacific ocean, something lew than « | year seo. The circumstances attending the mutiny bbe beret, Lag Cscepe of Hag gautlucers, aud thoy NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, AUGUST 23, 1868. . snbseqnent arrest at Australia, have been published in the Henaip, and are doubtless familiar to oar Tesdera The names of the inutinesrs are:—Cyrus W. Plummer (ringleader), of Providence; Richard Cartha, Albany, N. Y.; William Sampson, Butfalo, N. Jj Jacob Ricke, New York city; Charles Hf Stanly, Penfield, N. ¥.; Adam Caunel, New York; Joseph Brooks, Utica, N. Y.; William Herbert, New- ark, N.Y. ‘The prisoners were thoroaghly secured in cells in the steerage, attended by a guard of an officer and six men appointed by the United States Consul at Sydney. During the voyage an attempt at communication between Plummer, the ringlesder, and Herbert was observed, aud # note intercepted, from which it is supposed that a new plot was on foot to rise, kill the officers and sacure the ship. ‘The New York American State Council will com- mence ita annual session at Albany te-morrow ; and the organs of the dark lantern party are of the opinion that it will be “ numerously” attended. The principal business of the State Council at its ap. proaching session will be to designate the time and place of bolding the convention for the nomination of candidates for State officers, The republicans hold their conveution on the 8th, and the democrats theirs on the 15th of September next. In a few weeks, therefore, the fall campaign will have com- menced in earnest. Our correspondent on board the United States ship Vincennes, dating at Porto Praya ou the 18th of June, states that Lieutenant J. W. A. Nicholson and Purser Danforth had been tried by Courts Martial on board that vessel. The charges are not stated. The first named gentleman was honorably acquitted, and at duty. In the cave of Mr. Danforth the fluding of the court had not been promulgated. The slave trade on the African coast was said to be active, but the prizes fell to the British cruisers. Our ships are said to be too heavy for the work of suppression of the traffic. The United States brig Bainbridge had arrived, in twenty-uine days from Norfolk. The weather was pleasant at Porfo Praya. The Vincennes was to soon proceed to the Canary Islands, then return to Porto Praya, refit, and leave on a five mouths’ cruise south, towards the Bight of Benin. ‘The funeral of policeman Horatio Sanger, who, it is alleged, came to his death from injaries received while in the discharge of his duty, at the hands of aman named Michael Kearaey, in November last, took place yesterday, from his late residence, No. 123 Perry street. A large representation of the police force foliowed the remains to the place of in- terment, Greenwood cemetery. We give an ac- count of the ceremonies elsewhere. The cause of the death of Sanger will be thoroughly investigated by Coroner Gamble, and an effort made to bring the guilty party to justice. A post mortem examina- tion of the body was made by Pre. Finnell and Fer guson yesterday, when the result of the autopsy showed that death had been caused by disease of the brain, brought on, no donbt, by the injuries in ques tion. A jury was then empannelled, and the further investigation of the case was postponed until two o'clock this afteruoon. Coroner Gamble gave orders to have Kearney arrested, and no doubt the police have succeeded ere now in taking the accused into custody. A sermon was preached last evening in the Union chapel, corner of Thirty-ninth strect and Broadway, by Professor H. Mattison, former pastor of Trisity Methodist Episcopal church, on the “ Religious Significance of the Atlaatic Telegraph,” a report of which will be found elsewhere. An eloquent sermon was delivered last evening at St. Paul's church, Broadway, by the Rev. Dr. Dix, on the importance of the great work just brought to a conclusion by two of the greatest nations of the globe, a lengthy report of which will be foand else- where. The sales of cotton on Saturdey embraced about 1,600 bales, closing firm on the basis of about 12%(c. for mid dling uplands. There was a specuiative movement ta, flour, and the market was excited and irregular, and closed atan arerage advance of about Lic per barre!; the sales focted up in the neighborhood of about 17,000 vbis, Owing to the recent standards of inspection agreed upon being to « large extieat disregarded by seliers | and boyers, it boame extremely diflicalt to give exact quotations tp ell cases. What one would coem and report as extra, another would reprosent as stand- ard or good superiino; bonce in the samo class of brapds « wide margio of prices provalied. Among the sales a far amount was teken for export. Wheat was firm, but supplies were scerce, and sales timited. The reported break in the canal imparted freater firmpess tocorn, which fold at ic. 8 Sc. for sound to goods: d sound az! Western mixed, S60. a 0c. for Soutbern white, and Mle. a 6c for Jersey yellow, Pork was lees bucyant; the sales embraced moss at $17 $1712, ard at $1487 for prime, which was afer wards beld at $15. Sugars were quict, aod sales confined to 200 0 280 bbds. Cuba at steady prices. CotTee wns firm; the cargo of Rio per Rum, comprising 5,400 bags, was sold at pt, and 20 do were sold at 10K0 alice Freizbts wore Inactive, and engagements qui. iiaited, ani ratcs more cr less nemical, Sew York State Polltice—FPasion and Con- fusion of Parties, On Wednesday, the Sth day of September, at twelve o'clock, noon, the State Convention of the republican party meets at Syracuse, for the purpose of nomicating the candidates for that party for the offices of Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Canal Commissioner aad State Prison Inspector. On Wedaesday, the 15th of September, the democracy will open their State Convention, at the same place and for the same specific purpose. Ia the third place, from the Albany manifesto of the “Ame- rican General Committee,” which we publish this morning, it will be perceived that the rump of the late great Know Nothing party, withoat very clearly defining their position upon the juestion of a State ticket, have a very decided leaning towards « practical fusion with the re- publicana. The 8th of September Convention, we dare say, will lift the veil sufficiently to give us a pretty clear view of the machinery behind the scencs now under the management of the re publican and Know Nothing leadera So far as the latter faction is concerned they are actively, here and there, pro- ceeding to the work of an anti-adminis tration coalition upon the Congressional question, The late fusion meeting at Kingston, in Ulster county, which was ad- dressed by Jocl T. Headley, Know Nothing; Horace Greeley, republican, and Hon. Mr. Westbrook, anti-Lecompton democrat, coutem- plates, however, a general amalgamation of the three factions thus represented, upon a common platform throughout the State, comprehending “a series of principles on which it is hoped” Americans, republicans and fishy democrats may cordially combine. But before we can undertake any definite prediction upon this point, we must await the upshot of the Ropubii- can State Convention. It is manifest that the Seward managers will will have @ very Qclicate and a yory difficult work to perform at “yracuse: Ie was but the other day that Thwr- low Weed enxpended his disclosur 8 and meledictions of a horrible plot dete ‘éin the Know Nothing camp to smuggle of dork lantern delegates into the Repablican Council at Syracuse, to manage its stions for the the American" brotherhood. op the {lows at arm's length, Master Weed has also dec vt their only basie of fusion with the republicans ir more slave States and no nore slave terrilo and the Chevalier Webb ceond d the motion with an emphasis which udmite of no half way compromive. Pos nont bly, therefore the Republican Convention may refuse to accept the ultimatum of tre Kaow Nothivgs in the maiter of the State tick-t, aad thus érive the Rev. Mc, Headley, Gea. Gastacus Adotpbus Scroggs & Co, like Gerrit Smith and Lis purty, to a State ticket of thetr own, In the event of soy ouch disagreement be- tween the Seward ard Fillmore managers at Syracuse, there will be a fine opening made for the Democratic Convention. But how staud tne democracy of the Empire State? In this city the Tammany and anti Tammany cliques, over the spoils of the Custom House and the Corporation, are now in a etate of confusion, clworder, discord and contention which pro- tuises anything but o@ seasonadle or practical aéjustment. Here and there, too, throughout the State, we are admonished of the resuscitation of the old feud between the hards and softs, of jealousies agalust the Albany lobby, Junta of Richmond, Corning, Crorswell & Co., aud of Dougtas organs aud Dougias sympathizers among the rank and file of the panty. This isa somewhat gloomy coloring of the condition of the democracy of this great and important commonwealth; but there is a brighter side of the picture, which shou'd not be overlooked. The tate elections ia Missouri, Kentucky and North Carolina show that a prao- tical reaction has commenced in the public mind in favor of the administration of Mr, Buchanan and the party supporting it. The de- feat of Blair for Congress in the St. Louis dis- trict shows that the Kansas excitement, upon which he was first elected has served its pur- pose, and can only be revived again through the folly of the democratic party. Let it be understood and made knowa that the admiais- tration is in favor of the admission of Kansas, with her present population, and as speedily as possible, and in Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pean- sylvania, New York and New Jersey, the effect will work like a charm in the re-union of the perty: but let the foolish and suicidal counsels of the Washington Union and Charleston Mer- cury be understood as representing the policy of the administration and the democratic party, and there will soon be an end of the democra- tic revival so auspiciously commenced in the late Southern elections. In one word, if asked, can the democracy euccecd in any Northern State this fall, by a silly adhesion to the nonsensical restric- tion of the English compromise, we should answer, “No.” On the other hand, upon the basis of a general agreement that the Englieh restriction shall be no bar to the ad- mission of Kansas, the democracy may not only retaia their present Northern representation in Congrces, but they may secure some important gaivs in the approaching Northern fall elec- tions. But we shall abandon all hopes of any democratic Congressional gains, here or else- where, in the Nortb, should the Syracuse Demo- cratic Convention adopt and proclaim the ruin- ous porscpse of the Washington Union, concern- ing that uveless, and worse than useless, restric- tion of the English bill, which, in the event of the rejection of the Lecompton constitution, would ebut off the admission of Kansas until ebe shall have acquired the fall federal ratio | of 95,540 population. j Upon ibis point we have heretofore ex- pressed our opinion that the Washingtoa Union | represents neither the interests nor the wishes | of the administration. It is only necessary to { turn to Mr. Buchanan's special Kansas message | to Congrees to be convinced that his policy is the admission of Kansas at the first opportuni- ty, regardless of special enabling laws or re strictions. It only remains for the party to second this policy, in order to make a good ex- hibit in our approaching fall elections for the next Congress and the next Presidency. This English restriction is the last remaining rem- nant of the Kansas difficulty upon which the opposition clements—repablicans, Americans and fishy democrats—can practically and gene- rally fase; but upon this they can fuse, for the question involves asectional pro-slavery issue of the most offensive character to Northera mon, and a most foolish and antenable discrimination as between the Lecompton and any other State constitotion for Kansas, The opposition clements in [finois, tadiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania—repablicans and Kaow Notbings appear te have accomplished a prac- tical coalition. In this State the efforts of Greeley and othersin the same direction seom to be gaining ground upon the hostile policy of Wed and Webb. The New York democracy, thereiore, would do well to consult the Kansas policy of the administration, a» given in Mr. Buchanan's special Lecompton message, if they would rob the opposition of the last avail- able vestige of this Kansas agitation, aad turn their guos against them. Otherwise, the Douglas defection will be widened, and the op- position «alliance will be strengthened under the destractive counsels of the Wasbingtoa Union Tum Massacre or Aventcans oy Terery.-- It will be recollected with what a feeling of+ horror the particulars of the marsacre of an American miseionary at Jaffa, In the Turkish dominions, and of the brutal outrages committed on his family, were received in the United States in the early part of this year. There was no motive to prompt the barbarity beyond tbet of that murderous fanaticism which deem’ that — ‘unbelievers blow! Lies the securest paib to Heston. The shocking particulars of that outrage arous- ed indignation, not only in this country but throughout the civilized world ; and the Sultan found himeelf coerced to adopt the most prompt and decisive measures to bring its perpetrators to punishment. Five of them were sized, and | were, at the last accounts, awatting the retri- bution which their crimes called for. One of our London correspondents, however, comments with much force and troth, in a letter which we publish elsewhere, on a newspaper paragraph to the oflect that these five wretches had arrived in Beyrout in custody of the Scere. tary of the United States Legation. Ifis argu. ment is, that it was the duty of tho aathoritics of the country to have executed their own laws importially, and to have had these wretches executed on the ground where their crime committed, instead of taking them to a distance end executing them whore their perrous and their crime were alike unknown. Ho attributes this movement, and with much plaaribility, to @ politic trick on the part of the Turkish autho- rities, who would not wish to let it be believed that a holy Mussulman suffered for per- forming euch an ‘acceptable act a* spilling the \ood of a Giaour or infidel. If our correspon- dent be correct in his explanation, we think that this mockery of justice should not be accepted a# a full atonement for the murder of aa Ameri- can citizen, and that our government should in- siet opou the fullest reparation for the outrage. 6 Meim ty. Verenwcta— foreign Leguttom ane SperuM® Ameskun Gevermments Oor pdviere from Venezoeta inform us thet the question with the Britis aud French le,"8 tiovs. in relation to tbe protection afforded to the lute President Movagas, threatens to assume ® belligerent form. Several Britis and Freack veescle of war were lying before Laguayra, and while Captain Dunlop, tbe British commauder, suriste upon the fulfilment of the arrangement made between the several foreign ministers aud the Verezuelun Secretary of State, the govern- went. on the other baad, eraounce their deter- mipation to bring ex President Monagas to tral. It will be remembered that a few months eince # suddcn revolatiouary movement, led by Geverel Castro, ccowrred in Veoezuela, Presi Gent Mcnages, finding himself without the meane of resisting this movement, which bad the popular sympathy everywhere, presented himeelf in the ba'ls of Congress, acd resigoed into its bands the power he had held as chief of the State. From there he proceeded to tte residence of the French legation, escorted by some of the members of the diplomatic corps, and the flags of all the foreign tministers resi dent in Caracas were hoisted over the boute. General Castro was installed as Provisional President, and after forming his Cabiaet, bis Sceretary of Stato proceeded to arrange with the diplomatic corps the question of the dispo- sition that was to be made of ex Presideat Mopagas, and those of his friends who had taken refuge under the protection of the foreign legations. After some discussion a protocol or agreement was drawn up and signed by all the foreign ministers, and by the Secretary of State on the part of the Venezaclan government. By its terms the ex President was to be allowed to leave the republic, bat was to reside for a specified time at such place abroad as the go- vernment of Venezuela might indicate. Gene- ral Castro was not eatisfied with the protocol that bad been signed by his Secretary of State, and he dismissed him and demanded of the foreign ministers the delivery of Monagas, that he might be subjected to trial. He and his friends are accused of having usarped power, which he sustained by blood, and prostituted to the robbery of the public treasury of large summa, The question with the British and Frerch legations is the carrying out of the pro- tocol. Mr. Eames, our Minister, after having signed that document, withdrew from any further participation in the matter, if he has not, with an appear- ance of inconsiderate sclf-reepect, taken now the opposite view. The other ministers partici- pating in it are representatives of minor Powers. We have no sympathy for Monagas, whose course in Venezuela has been of the most reprehensible character. has been most odious, and the Venezuelans have not gained anything in the estimation of the world by their long eubmission to him. Towards foreign governments, and our own es pecially, his conduct has been marked by constant bad faith, and, we may oven say, re- peated insult. We have little liking, too, for the system of constant interference and control practised in the Spanish American republics by the representatives of the European Powers. | But the present question involves far higher Consequences than that of doing a simple act of justice to an outraged people. It must be viewed not simply as a question of doing an abstract right in the present instance, bat in the bearing it may have upon, and the precedent it may form in, our future diplomatic relations with all the ill-governed States of Spanish | America. If it were an act of interference with any of the settled governments of the world, where the legal forms of power and justice are respected, and where the law is sacred from violation by popu- lar passion or armed power, the course of the foreign ministers in Caracas would be unjusti- fiable, It is an admitted precept of interna- tional law, that while the sanctuary of a foreign embassy is inviolable for the protection of the persons composing the legation, it can- not be used to shield criminals or fugitives from the law, Bat in countries where the law has only @ nominal existence, and where an in- violable respect for its forms on the part of the government—so necessary everywhere for the protection of the rights and liberty of the citi- zen—docs not exist, an exceptional state of things arises which necessarily confers upon the legations of foreign governments a greater de- gree of immunity. This Is the state of things through nearly all of Spanish America, and universal custom among those ill governed republics bas come to recognise its existence. Government based upon the will of the peo- ple iea thing almost anknown among them. Revolution after revolution brings, with rapid euccession, new military chicfs into power, each of whom governs according to his own will. Ilis opponents ore driven away, and a so-called populsr vote is got up to ratify his acts. Few instances can be found where the leader of « eucceseful revolution in those coun- tries has not been sustained by the election of his partisans, in an immense majority, to the seats In Congress or the halls of « public con- vention. His simple decree makes and un- makes the law, and the judges bow down before his power. It is under such « state of things that we have recently seen in one of thore ro publics foreign residents compeiled to subscribe to the stock of a national bank, and private citizens imprisoned becaase they would not loan money to the government, them—one where government has been most stable and law abiding—the Legislature, passed a solemn act denying the universally admitted reeponsibility of the State to foreign residents for epoliation by revolutionary leaders or public mobs. In marry of them our ministers have leen yectgmengadbn and ia few or none of them can the undov rights of foreigners be proteoted without a resort to force by their re- epective governments, Under euch a condition of things, it is neces sary that the embasttes of foreign governmenia should have a pegigct immunity, and that thoes who hold the hiBh station of reprosentatives of great and law-abiding nations should be al- Jowed to use their own judgment a# to whom they will admit to their protection. There is no room for foar that they will extend it to thieves or aseassine, or distarhers of the public peace. In extending it to those who have hold power, they are merely protecting » principle that is admitted by all natione--that a man chal not be punished in his individual enpacity for acts committed in the exerctee of public duties. So long ae the people of Spanish America tole- rate their present iniquitous system of the abuse of government by snocessfal revola- tionary chiefe, they must expect foreign nations His tyranny | In another of | to cxerotsc am interference in favor of thele own citizens; and if this should be eometiaes ex t need to acte of humanity toward come of thetr owp people, they will be guivers in reality, tbeuge Jorers in the abscraot. Toe British aud Frepeb reprerevtatives may go too far la Veae- ruck, bub we do not believe there is so much anger of that a8 there is of excess and au abuse ot pewrr on the pert of 8 government not yet foily cetabliched, and whiek is surrounded by i:dicatione of new and perbaps bloody revola- tions, Veneznela gives no token of being ia a retsled condition. The Klecerical Departmrnt of the Atlantic delegeaph, We bave bad occasiou heretofore, during the progress of the great cuterprise, the successful termination of which hus been hailed with jeyous scclamation by the Old World and the New, to speak of the electrical de- partment of the Atlantic telegraph; and now tbat the mechanical difficalties which beset the undertaking have been overcome by the skill and ingenuity of Mr. William k. Eve rett, the subject comes up agein with more thaa ite former importance, I¢ is a remarkable fact that efter more tham two years expericace of eabmarine telegrephing, the prevent electrician of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, Dr. Witd- man Whitehouse, is unable to traaumit ore word a minute through the cable now submerged between Ireland and Newfoundland. This is still more remarkable from the circumstance ‘that, as recent as the 4th of January last, this gentleman informed the Board of Directors, io bis official report, that he had snoceeded in at- taining a speed of four words a mioute, and that he hoped by the atd of improvements he was then making to arrive at a still more gratifyiag result. To what are we to attribute this, i¢ not to the defective system now empioyed upon the great ocean line—a system which is entirely inadequate to produce the two essen- tial requirements, speed aud accuracy? The highest rate which tbe electrician of the com- pavy has yet reached in the transmission of messages does not exceed nineteen words in eighteen minutes, while at times be bas fonnd it {mporeible with his system to get more thao three letters and two-fifths of a letter per minute. This statement explains the diflicutty which was encoustered in telegraphing the Queen's message from Valentia to Trinity Bay a few days ago. Our readers are already aware of the success which attended the trial of Professor Hughes’ printing telegraph during the very short time which the inventor was allowed the use of the cable, and how, with his unadjusted instrament, he sent two words and a half a minute through the conductor, and actually reached as high as four and a half words in that space of time. In fact, so evident has the euperiority of this instrument appeared on the trials which have taken place, that it must eventually super- sede all others in the working of submarine cables, There are many points of differ- ence between the two systems; but the most important is to be foundin the use which each makes of the currentsas they are received, and their consequent working value in a peca- niary point of view to the shareholders of the line. ‘Tho rate at which these currents passed through the whole length of the cable before it was submerged varied frem seventeen to thirty-six per minute, according to the strength and quality of the battery employed, but we be- lieve it wae known to exceed the last figure. Now, as, by the system of Whitchouse, it re quires an average of five of these currents to form a letter, and as it takes an average of five letters to make a word, it follows that twenty- five currents must be employed in the formation of one word. With thirty-six currents in a minute, this, under favorable circumstances, would not give more than nineteen words in eighteen minutcr, and yet a higher rate has not been reached. The superiority of the Hughes instrament will be at once per- ceived, when it is koown that each current prints a letter, and that with thirty-six currents @ result of six words is obtained in the same space of time. As a brief lapse must take place to allow of the necossary spaces between the words, it is found {mpossible to take ad- vantage of the whole timo required for the tranemiesion of the currents. This accouats, therefore, for the fact that six words, instead of seven, are sent through the conductor in a minute. The two electricians arc presented, therefore, in this position towards the company: White house offers them nineteen words in eighteen ‘minutes, while Hughes offers six words in one minute. Ht is well known that the instrument of the latter was tried under the most unfa- vorable circumstances. In the first place, it had never been tried on so long a conductor ; and in the second, he had. adjusted his instra- ment to the rate of speed which Whitchouso in- formed the directors, in the report alluded to, he had obtained. When Hughes arrived in England he found, however, that the four words had been reduced and that the hundred currents had dwindled down to thirty-six and less, It was under these ciroum- | stances that his instrument was applied to the Iine, and before the Professor had time to make | the necessary alterattons which the trie condition of the care required. Tad he, as he expected, found a hundred currents passing through the cable in a minute, he could have transmitted from fifteen to twenty words in the same time. De- spite the disadvantage under which he labored, he succeeded, however, in proving to the satisfac- tion of every impartial observer that his in- strument was vastly superior to that of Whitchouse, and that, if the Atlantic Telegraph Company desired to secure both «peed and ac- curacy, they would be obliged to adopt it A proposition has beon made to Huawhes to put bis instrument on the submarine line between Sardinia ond Malta, as by the sy+ tem now ured it is imporsible to obtain a higher rate of epeed than fonr words a minute. We may etate, also, that the Red Sea line hes on tered into negotiations with him for the use o bie machine, and we have no doubt it will eventually eupersedte all others in the workiag | of eubmarine tele: raps throurhout the world. | He bas offtred to send moscegos through the Atlantic cable at a rate of ten words a minute each way, and at the same time, making twanty words a minute: Wut as yet no arraogement bas been entered into with him by the company, and the line since the 5th of Aagust-—the day on which it was «nocesefally enbmerged has been fn the exclusive. po n of | Whitehouse, There is no doult that this j gentleman and his assistant eleotrioians have bad vome disadvantages to contend againet, such as might arise from the aif nlty of procuring all the necersary facilities and meant in a perfect wilderness; bat, after all, Haar c crac cc eee ncornsnrcreneapeUnnetannn SRR REE IRRnEenenreneneeeeenere e theee ore not sufficient to xcooant for the slow working of the system now used on the cable. An incident which occurred gooa after the landing of the cable ia Trinity Bay will serve to illustrate this, It was found that the water uecd in the battery, und which was procared in the immediate vioinity of the station, was 60 strongly impregnated with iron as to prevent the proper decomposition of the copper and zino neceasary for the generation of the electric current, Tbis, however, was ufterwarda reme- died by obtaining sea water from « distavce of balf ‘a mile. But when we recollect that Whitchonre bas been making experiments on the cable ever since it was manufuctared, and that he bas spent over one handred thow- eand dollars in this way, it is no wonder if the business community should feel dissatisfied at his waut of success, aud should demand the em- ploy ment of an instrument giving a higher rate of epeed. Mr. Field bas already announced that no business will be transacted with the line for @ month yet, to allow the electricians an opportunity to increase and develope stilt further the means and facilities for telegraph- ing. We have ses in the transmissioa of the Queen's message what Whitehouse can do. We bave seen what he can do in the transmis sion of mecsages, Hughes should now have theline, and au opportunity of proviug that he can perform all he promises. The Kaglish electrician has tried and failed. Let the Yankee also have a trial. Let the liae work. Micmean Rerustican Coxvention—Tus At- Lantrc TELEGRAPH AND Paciric Ramgoap— The republicens of Michigaa held their State Convention at Detroit last Thureday, and nomi nated their several candidates for State offices. We see by the reeolutions sdopted that thay bave not yet dropped the subject of Kansas, but sti) make it,ose of the planks in their platform. Ava set cff to that, however, they have auo- ther resolution connecting the establichment of an Atlantic telegraph with the building of a Pecific Railroad, in the following words:— Resolved, Teat, in view of the late annoration of the Old World to the New, it is high time that our govern. ment adopt uch measures as will brivg into aearor rola- tloze the people of tho Pacific sioge wiih their bretheen of the Fast; aod, with tis in view, the members w! ihis convention Co hereby enaoise the resciusioas of our State Lgisiatare of Jaousry 80, 1868, by which it was declared to be toe duty of the mavernment of the United ‘States to constr oct @ line of ratirosd to the Pacifis,acd on =! route therein indicated, at the earliest practicabie po- It is not at all improbable that the subject of the Pacific Railrond will be made one of the foremost irsucs in political contests for some time to come. It would be certaisly a more practical and intelligible iaeue than the absurd cry about Kansas, upou which eo many changes have been rung for the last four years. - We wish that our own and other States could evdorse in the terms which this Conveution bus done, the mode in which the administration of its State affairs has been conducted for the last four years. It declares it to have been eminently honest, promotive of the happinees of the people, and creditable to the wisdom and integrity of those into whose hands the government of the State had been committed. We are afraid that, with the example of the republican administra- tion of New York and of Wisconsin before our eycs, we must take this certificate of character with many grains of allowance for party praju- dices and party purposes. If the certificates were well deserved there ought to be immediate- ly a large emigration to Michigan. What says our venerable premier? Has the government of that State been above reproach for ‘the last our years ? Sevaror Tremevu. axp tHe Wasiivaron Uxiox—Dors ae Brtoxe to THe Lospy?—The Washington Union, in replying to Senator Trumbull’s Chicago speech, in which he dis- sected the Custom House statistics of reccipts and expenditure in various ports of no accouat, does not deny tho facts, but charges that the Senator has been always one of those who vote for all eorts of jobs and extravagances It says that the honorable Senator is guilty of in- effable meanness, and that hie speech indicates & vagrant partnership between the corrupt lob- byites and the various branches of the’ opposi- tion. These are bold words, and as the Union has the reputation of being pretty largely mixed up with the lobby, and knowing a good deal about its plans and operations, wo must take it as good authority. What saith our re- publican Senator from Illinois? Does he admit or deny the softimpeachment? Is Matteson tis chief, and Simonton his brother? We paase for a reply. Ovr Watentwwea Prace Corrnsronpenen. It is evident that the suicidal course of the pro- prietors of watering place establishments, per- eisted in for many years past, of shutting up their guests in cella, which they called bed- rooms, and in stinting them at table, has had its inevitable effect. With the exception of Sara- toga, which will be always sought for on ac- count of its waters of health, all the other summer retreata ecem to have heen doing rather aemall business this season. Even as to Sara- toga itself, it is remarked that there are fow fashionable people or notables there. Betwoen the grasping avariciousness of hosts and the vul- garity of the people who uved to flock to such places, they have been, with great popular una nimity, declared low, and {t will require many years and much effort to resascitate that clo- ment of our summer society. We publish to- day some watering-place letters, but their con- tents cannot be said to be very cheering. How tm Moxey Gors.—In the Comptroller's last report in relation to claims for arrears for the year 1857 it Is shown that in alx cases of work done for the Fire Department, amounting in the aggregate to $37,907 05, the bills, on being examined by competent persons, were found in some instances to be ten per cent and in others seventeen per cent above o fair and Profitable price, A reduction of $8,746 01 was made in the above sum total. In ono case of a bill for caulking, amounting to $1,093, a redao- tion was actually made, by the advice of the ex- aminer, of $1,004 ; and the cxaminer stated that the contractor pocketed a hundred per cent profit after that deduction, This is one of the weys in which the public money soos. O. DB. Morresox.—Greeley, with remorseless ingratitude, recently tnrned apon Matteson, the great lobby financier of Congress, in improve- ment companies, land grants, free wool, &o., and recommended a new man from his district, This was orucl on the pari of Greeley; but his prommeiamiento doce pot appear to have settled the question, for etill the nomination of Matte son may be secured. A word from Tharlow Weed, perhaps, would settle the matter, What hae Thurlow to eay! There may be some fine lobby pickings in the noxt Congress, and Mat teron is the man for that bneiness, “statletios’ and all.