The New York Herald Newspaper, August 6, 1858, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 8007. THE ATLANTIC CABLE LAID. The Great Event of the Age. Communication Perfect Between the Rastern and Western Continents. Phe Niagara and Agamemnon’s Arrival at their Destinations on the Same Day, Signals Passing Between the Two Stations with the Greatest Accuracy. TRIUMPH OF SCIENCE LONDON WITHIN A FLASH OF NEW YORK, Despatches from Mr. Field and Our Own Correspondent. TRINITY BAY AND VALENTIA BAY. The Telegraphic Plateau of the Atlantic. MIETORY OF THE ENTERPRISE. TTS THREE PREVIOUS FAILURES, Sketches of the Projectors, Bngi- neers, Officers, dic. THE TELEGRAPHS OF THE WORLD. GRAND SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS, &e., Ory &o. ‘We had the intense gratification of publishing in an extra of the Hznaup yesterday afternoon the fol- owing glorions intelligence :— ; The news from New/oundland is almost too good to be true. The Atlantic cable is laid! ‘The United States steam frigate Niagara, Captain Hudson, and British war steamer Gorgon, Captain Dayman, arrived at Trinity Bay yesterday (August 4), and the Atlantic cable, the working of which is perfect, is being landed to-day. All we can hope for now is that the above impor tant and exciting intelligence is true, and that the mnon and Valorous will succeed in landing their cable safely at Valentia Bay. This news will send an electric thrill throughout the world. DENT. Untrep Srarss ric Tanrty Bay, N James Gonpon Bennerr, Es The Atlantic Telegraph cable is laid! The United States frigate Niagara has reached Trinity Bay, Newfoundland, and landed her end of the line. The Agamemnon reached Valentia, Ireland, on the same day, with her end of the cable. The electrical communication is perfect. Signals are passing between the two stations with the greatest accuracy. The Niagara will leave for St. Johns, N. F., mm the 5th instant, and will start for New York after taking on board sufficient coal for the passage. The laying of the cable was accomplished by both sbips in a little over six days. re NiaGaRa, ) August 5, 1858. [ DESPATCH FROM MR. CYRUS W. FIELD. Tasiry Bay, August 5, 1858. To rue AssoctaTsp Pusss, New Yore:— ‘The Atlantic Telegraph ftieet sailed from Queens- town on Saturday, July 17; met at mid-ocean on Wednesday, the 28th, and made the splice at 1 P.M. on Thursday, the 29th, and then separated— the Agamemnon and Valorous bound to Valentia, Ireland, and the Niagara and Gorgon for this place, whefe they arrived yesterday, and this morning the end of the cable will be landed. It is sixteen hundred and ninety-eight nautival or nineteen hundred and fifty statute miles from the Telegraph house at the head of Valentia harbor to the Telegraph house, Bay of Bull's Arm, Trinity Bay; and for more than two thirds of this distance the water is over two miles in depth. The cable has been paid out from the Agamemnon at about the same speed as from the Niagara. The electrical signals sent and received through the whole cable are perfect. ‘The machinery for paying out the cable worked in the most satisfactory manner, aad was not stopped for a single moment from the time the splice was made until we arrived here. Captain Hudson, Messrs. Everett and Woodhouse, the engineers, the electricians and officers of the ships, and, in fact, every man on board the Tele- graph fleet, has exerted himself to the utmost to make the expedition successful, and by the blessing of Divine Providence it bas succeeded. After the end of the cable is landed and connected with the land line of telegraph, and the Niagara has discharged some cargo belonging to the Telegraph Company, she will go to St. Johns for coal, and then proceed at once to New York. Cyavs W. Fimip. DESPATCH FROM HALIFAX Havirax, August 6—Evening. The Newfoundland line has closed for the nigh! without furnishing any furtber intelligence concern ing the Atlantic cable. EFFRCT PRODUCED BY THE NEWS IN NEW YORK. RXCITEMENT —ANXIRTY OP THE MASSES 4 ‘TO LEARN THE PARTICULARS, BTU., BIC. + Never on any occasion was there so universal a burst of ‘* yous excitement created in New York by any event as 4 wae yesterday afternoon, when the despatch announciag fue succeenful laying of the great Atinatic cable was jeived and publiahed. Crowds surrounded the bulleting; ‘yo push for the evening editions of the Hirano was aston: shing; the agility with which the news flew through the and places of public resort was astounding; “the Mlegraph is laid” was heard wherever one coulf turn; the route of the ReWabeye, and jhe Unusual Qoetle in ibe MORNING EDITION—FRIDAY, AUGUST 6, 1858. streets, continually and for several hours were aprosricus and joyfal, and in short everything indicated, in the most ebeerful and enthusiastic manner, that the people of New ‘York fully appreciated the importance of the great event of the age, and perbips the greatest event of any other age— the inying of the great Atiantic cable. Most people were 80 thoroughly taken by surprise that they were startled, and could not realize the fact even after the despatch from Mr, Field was known; others exclaimed that they were successfully disappointed, and bad small doubt of ‘the complete success of the whole enterprise; and every one seemea to be elated—quite as much as tt ie possible fo be under apy circumstances. Many were of opinion that something should be immediately done by the city soathorities, and some even went so far as to sugges’ to the Mayor that a public demonstration should be made without delay. His Honor, however, was of opinion that ye Was yet too soon to make any public demonstration of rejoising, ag the Agamemnon had not yet arrived off the righ coast. It wae argued that the complete success which attended the Niagara, and the laying of tue cable on this side of the Atlantic, were euflicient reaeons why something unugual should be done; but Mayor Tiemann still held in favor of his own views, alleging that the in telligence, as it was then received, did not warrant any officially public display of rejoicing. Alderman Adams was in favor of baving a meeting of the Common Council called unstanter; but, after some deliberation, it was con- eidered that any action they would taxe mignt D2 prems- ‘ture, and, consequently, nothing was done. During tho evening the excitement’ increased in intensity, ani con- Unued to spread far and wide beyond the city limits; and Pad ae of the Atlantic wee awe wl was the universally which engaged he avention and commanded the admiration of overyrose, in every situation, till this morning dawned. THS NEWS AMONG THE MERCHANTS ON "CHANGE. The nows sent over the telegraph line yesterday irom Newfoundland avnouncing the successful laying of the telegraph cable across ike Atlantic Ovean, produced great excitement and conversation among the merchants both on the Corn Exchange and at the Merchants’ Exchange in Wail street. From the failures of previous attempte, they had pretty much given up ai! idea of ite euccess, and hence the news: came upon them in a most sudden and unexpected man- ner. It spread like lightning from one toanother, aod, in- deed, bad in « few hours spread ever the city. Some merchanta doubted the authenticity of the news, and catechised reporters connected with the press about it. Some, who had been doubting its success from the first, said, admitting all Mr. Field had said to be true, it was not conclusive of succces. Others, again, gave it as their opinion that if it even worked at the stert it would soon fail to transmit regular messages, or stop altogether Again, the question was asked, ‘Where was the Agamemuon?’’ “In shallow wa- ter off the coast of Ireland,” said one. Another said tha, abe had reached within seventy miles of the land and ‘was progressing, with afavorable wind. [he whole in- terest seemed to become centered in the wish to hear from the Agamemnon. ‘The effect of the telegraph, if successful, upon commer- cial affairs was discussed. Some said that it would prove injurious, because before they could fj) orders from the other side they would be, in many cases, speedily countermended. Others, again, coneidered that messages would, at five dollars a word, prove very ex- pepeive to merchacts, and that only wealthy houses could wake advantage of it to get early news. Gratification was, however, expressed thut the Ameri- can frigate Niagara bad performed her part well. To test the utility of the ocean telegraph, if success’al- ly worked, will require some experience. The telegraphs between New York and distant com- mercial points in the interior bave not only failed w ia- jure business, but, as it were, have given new wingsto commercial pursuits. Immense transactions are made at a vast saving of time, Flour and grain are soldin New York by telegragh, to arrive before they leave Chicago, Buffalo aad Oswego, and on receipt of the money the owners are telegraphed to draw for it. By the same process « cargo of cotton on ite way from New Or- Jeans or Mobile to Liverpool is sold over wg two or three (mes before it roaches us . The owner, inthe Grst instance, residing, it may be, a: New Orleaus, it velegrapned by his facwr in New York taat iw cotton hae been sold at 12 cents per ib., witn freight at j¢d., which may net him },c. a ‘<6. per ib. profit. He immedistely Grawe st sigo. on ols factor in York, ‘and caghes the bili, pockets his gaine, aud {s ready wo tarn path Gorn f again, All t! 8 the work of a lew days or bours, Which before consumed weeks or wonths of time. The same system will extend by an ocean telegraph all over the civilized world. [be eas of « large dry goods house in New York may flag his stock of fasuisagoie silk goods exhausted. He sends his despatch to Lyons, and ia two weeks, or sixteen or eighleea days, he receives them by steamer. This would be ono case of & thousand. The dealers in comestic and f u Dills of exchauge are compelied to resort almost daily to the telegropa. This is tow constantly done betweea wis city and New Orleans, as well a6 wiln lutermetiate places. If suscees- tmily iad to Burope, they mastalso be compelled, cost what it will, to communicate daily with (heir houses in the principal cities of Europe. No wonder that when such vast commercial and finan- cial interes‘s are to be affected by the successful laying of the Atlantic cable, that the news of its successful accom. plisbment shoud ‘pave produced unueual excitement and conversation among our merchanws and bankers. Up wo the clore of ‘Change, however, doubts and hopes were nearly equally divided Some of thowe whose iaith had to lend with those THE PRESIDENT AND THE ATLANTIC TELE- GRAPH. Prutaerrnia, August 6, 1858, Tho l'residenut, who is at Bedford, received the first in- mation of the successful laying of the Atlantic cadie through the agency of the Associated Press. The following is a copy of Mr. pield’s message to the Preeident — RECEPTION OF THE NEWS THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. THR PRRLING IN WASHINGTON CITY. Wastisarow, August 6, 1858. The public mind was greatly excited to-day by the news of thesuccess of the Atlantic Telegraph enterprise. The general impression at first was thatthe news was too good to believe, but the confirmation of the news has caused a feeling of delight, amounting almost to trasport: THE NEWS OF THE © IN ALBANY, ALpaNy, August 6, 1858. ‘The jutelligence of the arrival of the Telegraph cable created an immense sensstion hero, The news reached os about 12); o'clock, and instantly spread over the city, causing much excitement. Crowds of persons flocked to each newspaper office and telegraph office for confirma: tion of the news, which was at first doubted, but when the conviction of the truth of the report forced itself upon the public mind the scene in the streets was as though each person had received some intelligence of strong per- fonal interest. No commercial event ever created more excitement, The news was conveyed to the Board o Trade, to the Court and the meoting of the Central Kail road Directore, and for a while entirely interrupted the proceedings of those bodies. Te teiegraph office and other public offices are illumi- nated to-night im honor of the successful laying of the Atlantic telegraph cable. The people are wild with ex- citement. GREAT EXCITEMENT IN BOSTON, Bostow, Mags., August 5, 1858, ‘The announcement of the successfal laying of the Atiantic wlegraph cable was made shortly after noon to-day and created great excitement. The favorable termination of the enterprise was hoped for, but very little faith felt in it, The news at firet was received with eome doubt, but subsequently the details of the great event becoming known there was great rejoicing, Everybody eeemed pleased and gratified. THE ANNOUNCEMENT IN PRILADBLPRTA, Prmapecemia, August 6, 1868, The announcement of the laying of the Atlantic tele. graph cable created the greatest excitement here. It wae irs} believed fo be w hoax, eupecially so by We witengres who prophesied failure from the Deginsing. Around the Dulleting of the newspapers the people gathered in crowds, and when the extras were published the demand was un- The public generally aro rejoicing, but some still doubt the news, peserting that the Niagara could not have made the run from mid-ocean since the 2b ult.; others fear that come oelamity will yet occur in landing the ends. There is great anxiety felt to know whether the Agamem. non has arrived at Valentia Bay, THE NEWA IN BALTIMORE. Burrmore, August 6, 1859, The news of laying the A'iantic telegraph cable was re- ceived here a little after ucon to day, creating the most intense interest. There is grea’ anxiety to hear further, and there are endless inquiries after the Agamemnon. THB NEWS IN CINCINNATI. Cixcinnani, August 5, 1858, There was great excitement on ’Change here today at the announcement of the success of the Atiantic cable, and businces was suspended for some time. THE NEWS IN BUFFALO. Burrato, August 6, 1868. The news of the succeesfe! Isying of the telegraph cable was received here about one o'clock this afternoon, causing the highest and most intense gratification toevery- body. The telegraph offive and Robinaon’s bankicg office were brilliantly iJuminated this evening !n honor of the event. THE NEWS IN UTICA. Urea, N. Y., August 5, 1858. ‘The news of the telegraph cable success, when rescived here this afternoon, was first doubted, then accepted, and finally believed. The effect upon the prblis mind was ex- citing and gratifying in theextreme. Suitable demonstra. tions will be made to-morrow. THB NEWS IN CHICAGO. CwWcaco, August 5, 1858, One hundred gung are now being dred in honor of the successful landing of the Atlantic cable. TEE NEWS IN DBTROIT. Dernoir, August 5, 1858. The euccessful result of the Atlantic telegraph eater- prize caused great rejoicing among the people here. Tbe telegraph offices to-might are brilliantly i!iuminated. THE NEWS IN PORTLAND. PortLaND, Me., August 5, 1868. The bells were rung end cannon fired this afternoém in honor of the successful laying of the cable. There ie great enthusiasm among the citizens, who are all csa- versing about it and congratulating one another. THE NEWS IN BANGOR. Baxcor, Me., August 6, 1968. One hundred guns were fired hers this afternoon and the chureb bells rung on the announcement of the success of the Atlantic cable. THE NEWS AT ANDOVER COLLEGE. ANpovER, August 5, 1958. At the semi-centennial dinner of the Alumni of the Andover Theological College this afternoon about 1,000 were present. A despatch anpvounciny the success of the Atlantic Telegraph was read and received with enthusi astic applause, which continued for some time. The dox- Ology was then sung to the tune of Old Hundred. Rev. Dr. Adams, of New York, said his heart was two fall of thaok- fulness for a speech, and at his suggestion a prayer wo (iod was offered in acknowledgement of the providential re- sult. Rev. Dr. Hawes spoke of the event as calculsted to hasten the triumphs of civilization and Chriztiauity. The whole audience then joined in singing ‘Praise God from whom all blessings flow.’’ Dr. Hawes then offered a prayer, end. m closing esid:—We bave congecrated this new iastru_ ment, #o far as our agency is concerned, to the building up of the trath. ‘The proceedings beiog over the disner was resumed. ENTHUSIASM IN WORCESTER, MASS. Woncssren, Angust 5, 1858, The news of the success of the Atlantic cadle was re- ceived ip this city thie atternoos. The reading of the despatch of Mr. Field was greeted with three tremeadous cheers by « large crowd assembled at the Amoricna telegraph office. The greatest fenihasiaem throaglout the bity. To morrow, at noop, one huadred gons wili be fired in honor of the great even’. TRE NEWS IN HARTFORD. Harrvorp, Coun., Augus' 5, 1858. The news of the telegraph cable success is halled with great joy here. Nothiog else is talked of. The news took everybody by surprise, no one aaticipsied success, aad when it waa annognced that the cable was really success fully laid the excitement sad joy were intense. THE NEWS IN NEW HAVEN. New Havey, August 6, 1858. The news of the sucess of the Atisatic telegraph expe- dition, published in this city this afternoon, created the utmost enthusiasm. A national salute was fired upoa the public green, and the congrajalations were uni- versal. SKBPTICISM OF THE VERMONTERS. Revaxp, August 6, 1868, The news of the successful laying of the Atlantic cable is received here with feelings of suspicion, The Rutiand Courier ie out with the despatch in an extra, but very fow believe » word of it. THE NEWS IN HARRISDURG. Hanuewune, Pa., August 5, 3858. There is great rejicing here at the success of the tele- graph cable, All the bells in town were rang for half an hour this evening, commencing at seven o'clock. Alier dark bonfires were lighted and fireworks set off, while the State Capitol band discoursed the most soul stirring music, all the people participating ia the general on- thusiaam. THE NEWS IN PirrsBuRG. Pirrsacee, August 6, 1858. The news of the succers of the Atlantic telegraph created « marked sensation here. Few expected so fa- vorable a result, and the news spread rapidly throughout the community. All are anxiously awaiting the news o! to-morrow. TRE NEWS IN OnI0. Dayrox, August 6, 1863. There Is great rejoicing and excitement here at the ‘safe landing of the Atlantic cable. The telegraph offices here and also at Columbus and Wheeling, are brilliantly iDuminated this evening in honor of the great event. A general illumination of the telegrazh offices of the Western lines has been ordered by the Superintendent, to take place to-morrow evening. THE NEWS IN SAVANNAH. SAVANNAN, August 5, 1869, The people of Savannah are surprised, gratified and on thuslaatic over the result of the Atlantic telegraph. PME NEWS IN AUGUSTA. Avorsta, Ga., August 5, 1868. The news of the success of the cable fleet causes un- Dounded gratifiation from every portion of the South heard from. EFFECT OF THE NEWS IN THE BRITISH PROVINCES. Sr. Jomy, N. B., Angust 6, 1868, Bravo! Atlantic cable! Great rejoicing here for its success, It is felt that it must give an impetus to busi ness, besides being a bond of union between the mother country, her provinces and the United States. The people here are becoming more and more excited in reference to the successful laying of the cable. They are now firing cannons, and the rejoicing will likely be kept up al) day to-morrow, Haurax, N. S., August 6, 1868. The most intense excitement prevailed throughout the city to-day. It rained heavily, but digrogarding that the citjaens were flying through the streets, sans hats, sans umbrellas, sans everything to the telegraph office, which was blockaded by eager enthusiasts to see Mr. Meld’s despatches. All the bella were rung and {ings hoisted. and a general demonstration of joy and deep interest was manifested. The civil, military andjnaval authorities are going to have a public demonstration, with illuminations, salates, &c., and & procession to-morrow. Cuarvornmrows, P, E. 1, August 5, 1858. ‘The news of the triumph of the ocean telegraph was received here this afternoon, and immodiate!y posted on the Exchange and communicated to the government. It is hoped that the next step will bea second cadle, con- necting with the American lines across the is|and. Quenne, August 5.1858. Intense excitement was created here by the ansounce- ment of the success of the great event of the age. It hee sinoe been the almost exclusive topie of conversation, and & general feeling of gratitication is apparent. Mostrar, August 6, 1858, The news of the arrival of the Niagara at Trinity Bay whe received lene sbortly afer nvon ty day, god cawged & tale, to give s large portion of our space to-day tom re- profound sensation. The union of ihe provinces with (ne mother country by the electric bond was hailed with in- This evening’s Pilot has the following article: — Present by fishing, some by cultivating the Europe and America conjoined! We with that Heaven Sal gna some Vy quarry’ slate from te hill side for a had made us postical, tha: we m gh’ raise a eong of tri- | Sbilling sierling, or twenty five cents @ day. umph on the success of ome of the noblest works that Bay in the ever the mind of man conceived or tha bis hand coald execute. The Atlantic cable is laid, aud we are all within distance of our owa mother country—of the fa- . This village ie goon we ball be as closely after »@ genuemen woo hag been one of the strongest advooaty of the Atlantic felograph. ‘The small land cove im which the bey terminates was decided uy of most of the peopie of this continent—and allied to all the people of the earth. It would be impossible to uve importance bah meres page ede liy po] of’ events, | Iast Year ag tbe pla2e for the Lanting ofthe cablayand hax Providence has been kind to us. Now as ever let | Bot been changed since, a ry beat pot our gratitude, though it can never be commensurate with be selected. Ab yarde from the boon conceded, swell our bosoms with thankfulness | the beach a telegraph bu lding, somewhat similar to thas in excelsior, Nothing becomes us—vur hearts are to full at Trinity Bay, Newfoundlana, has been erected aad sup: to allow us to enlarge upon the subject. so.let “Expros. | Pied with eereateing necessary for tie basiuess and ac- ths operators. The junction witn too cable wil! be formed by a land I'ne running to Cork, from Cork to Dublin, thence across the channel t> England, aid ae connections with the net work of telographs which extends over the whole continent of Europe, aad which bas already embraced withia & portions of’ \sia and Africa. THE TELEGRAPHIC PLATEAU OF TH ATLANTIC. 33 tive silence muse prawe” the giver of all good. Toronto, C. W., August 6, 1868. ‘The news of the successful laying of the Atlaatic cable is in everybody's mouth bere and grea: excitement pre- vails, There has not as yet been any public demonsira- tion, political matters engrossizg so much attention. Governor Head has telegraphed to Cyrus W. Field, con™ gratulating him on the success of the enterprise. Cuaraam, C. W., Auguat 5, 1858. ‘There is great rejoicing here st the success of the Atlantic cable expedition. Two hundred dollars nave ‘been voted for freworks to celebrate the occasion, Haumroy, ©. W., Auget 5, 1858, Cannons are firing here and there is great rejoicing at the successful laying of the Atlantic cable. st. JOHNS, NEWFOUNDLAND, Between those two poinie the soundings taken by Lieut. Berrymen in the United States surveying vessel Arctic, and by Captain Dapman in Her Ma jeaty’s ship Cyclops, showed thet the botvom of the ocean possessed the most favorable conditions for the succeesfol Inying and working of a tele graphic cable When the subjct was firet propooed it was fared that the mequalities which were sup- posed to exist {a the bed of the ocean, betwoen Ireland and Newfoundisnd, would present an inaurmonntable barrier to the «uccersfal completion of the project; but it has been proved by Lieut. Maury that (bere are x9 such inequalities in this part of the Atiantic. In ihe summer of 1853 and in the fall of 1866 Lieut. Berryman was emp\oyed in making deep sea soundings along the pro. posed route. These soundings proved the existence of this plateau, which appears to have been placed there espevtaily for the purpose of holding » submarine telegraph. From the accompanying engraving it will be seen that the greatest depth doce not exceed t¥o thousand and eighty fatuoms. The cable passes to tho north of the Grand Banks, and ress on the plateau, and «! « depth where the waters of the sea, judging from the nature of the bottom when brought to fhe surface, are as quiet and as completely at rest as the bot- tom of « mill pond, There seems to be no perceptible currents sod no abrading agents at work oa the surface of the plateau. Lieut. Berry- man brought up with the sounding apparatus specimens of the bottom, which, when ex- amined with the misroscope, were found to consist of shells so minute as not to be perce) tible to the eye. These lite shelle at once suggested the ‘act that there are no currents at the bottom of the ses from which they are takeu; that the spot where they were found ‘was their burial place, ant that after having lived aud died on the surface, they bad sunk graaually to the bouom, where they had lain undisturoed by currents; for if the plate were swept by currents they would, doubtless, have been abraded and mingled with the other microscopio remains whiea He at the bottom of tne oven, such af sand, gravel and other matter; but not « particle of god or gravel was ‘ound among them In the profile of the sound- tinge taken wlong the plateau voy apearoms depth is exag tenfold, in order w ew judge of the As everything connected with thie grand achievement of the ago, with ite origin, its history, ite repeated feil- ures, ite fins! brilliant success, the officers and scientidc men whose services have led to thet result, and the influ- ence which it is destined to exercise on the commerceand politics of the world, ie now of the liveliest interest, we are induced, even at the risk of recounting a twice wid view of what hag been done in conuection with it, TRINITY BAY, NEWPOUNDLAND. Trinity Bay in Newfoundland, an‘ Valeatia Bay on the wertern coast of Ireland, have thus become two of the most important points on either continent. A description of them cannot fail to be, at this moment, highiy inte- reating. We therefore reprint from our edition of Juse 20, the following description of both thors points: — In the selection of the sites in Ireland and Newfound- land for telegrapn stations at either end of the great oceanic line, those who were entrusted with the work have been governed by one principal consideration—the character of the beach on which the cable should be land- ed. The experience of the past six or seven years has proved conclusively that s saniy or muldy bottom is the ‘pest adapted ax a resting place for the lige, while rosKs or stones are almost always fatel to ite aavety. severat cables that have been Inia in wa.2r noted for the rocky nature of the bottom, have been cut and destroyed by tne abrasion to which they were subject ‘rom currents. It is, theretore, a mamer of the highest importance to secure & landing piace where tao ime wil) not be injured by such meuns; and where, under all cirzamsatences, it will be perfectly secure. Ine Bay of Buil’s Ard, & conside rabie tras: of water at the heal of Trinity Bay, New- foundlane has been chosen as the bes poin’ for the land- ing Of the cable ana the cf of & telegraph etacion. By looking at the map of New! jand it wil be seen that Trinity and /lacentia bays are separated by a narrow neck of lanc about four miles iu breaata. Now thie spot has been selected, not only 0: «:20unt of the sandy character of the beach, bat tor a»otoer reason no less for- cible, It i intended hereafter to lay 2 submariae cevie trom Placentia Pay to the best pont enher in Nove Scotia or near Portland, Maine; aod the orief distance, therefore, Detween the two bays wil! tend greatly wo facilitate tain design. A subterransan line four miles long wii! be all sufficient to connect the two cal he one extending to Ireland ang through Ireland to Pagland, Earope aud Asia; and the otner to the United States and the whole of North Americs. A‘ press nt the connections will be formed with the land line running from Sc. Jobur, the cap'ta! city, to Cape Ray, the most extreme southwestern po isiand, Whore tbe cabie which spaus the Gulf im the mooth of July, 1856 Tho great aavantage of the propoeed submarine line exvending irom Piareal a Bay to ‘Nove Scoua or Portland wii! consis: in its bemg free from those acciaents w which all laud Hoes are liavie, and which that in Newfountiand i# more partica- larly exposed on s¢count of tne soverisy of the cumate aca Wid and uncultivatou state of the country. At hoad of the Bay of Bull's Arm, about bal a mile from high water line, the telogral nouse will be erected. will be @ epaciors frame buticing, containing, in addi- tion to the offices or operators’ tment, & sittiog room, a kitchen, igts bedrooms anc wil the other ef cateras of a well appointed household. It is tue iaveation of the com. pany to provide the operators with « itbrary; and if they do pot have enough to interest them in whas they will dad in it, in themselves, in the country, and in their business, they’ wull be hard to please indeod. sesides this, they will occupy the grand sanding point bot ween two worlds, tae whoie news of which, both private and public, must be made Known to them. 1; bas boea eaid that they will be jsolated—ehut of ae much frog com/nunicasion wih thair fellow men as the occupant of @ iigach vase; but there is no ruth in the assertion & priet consideration of the cir- cumstances wi!l sbow. Sbut offfrom communion wita their fellow wen, with the daily history of the world opened to them, with « full knowledge of the movements of the gre. nations of the earth, the operstiont of trate, the slate of the money market, nd ali those matters which make up the eum total of al that i coasidered wortn Knowing in a worldly point of view—if those operatives don't become philogophers with such opportunities, they are not Geserving of the position. Hat taey are intelligent men, for nove oshers would be employe im so respons)- ble & mtvation. The se of op*rators will namoer roven, and these Among oLver quatidostions, & perfect knowleoge of french, (oraan, Iwtan and Kay. smh, #0 that vf may be enabled! to resolve aad tranmait meanages in all those languager. {n addition to the ope- rators there will pe five mechanics t) repair the tel ipstruments, and —_ ‘any other work that may be required of inem in Paruicuiar trade. approach to the bay in which the cable is to be Ind jw exceedingly picturesque, and posaceser all that widaess and grandotr of scenery which cistinguish neariy we whole coast of Newfoundland. If (ne weather should | aged) peake of the bigh hesdisnds can seen some thirty miles from ixad, sad & bearer °NYHOO (BLMON) OMINVILV SHE 40 ‘ISAT SOVA4AS HHL ‘BY USKVSIS OFLVIE GELINA BBL AG GHONAOS SY ‘GNVIGNAOZMEN ‘S,NHOL “US GNY ‘GNVISE! ‘AVE VILNETVA KUSALE OWNVILY FHL JO KOJLCd BBL 4OETILONL plateau, the different depths being marked by fathows, which aro represented by the ‘igares between the level of tne Atiantic and the bed of the pistesu. Tne soundings, |.eut. Berrymen says io bis report to ex Secretary Hobbin, were mate at intervals of thirty, 2g “NYNABEEE “HO NIVLdYO “OTE: view ehows ® country of pecaliar!y mountainous chara: forty, eixty and one hundrea ter. The first shing toat strikes the visiter is the barfen wales, a attended with con and rocky nature oj the land, but there are some parts plete success, but frequenty wbich are particularly susceptible of cultivation, aad involving many hours, bota where, considering inhospiaie character of te pighs and », Of great sus- climate, farming bas been successfully carrie’ om. It pease and hard work, losing must be confessed, however, tna: the prospects for agri- sometimes two or three thou cultural operations are not of the movt encouraging hint, aod fathoms of line, sounding and that cod fishing i#, as it mutt aiwaye prove, tae mow apparatus and all There were q Betwoen those bleak, wid mouu- no carrents near the bottom to tan are some beautiful little valleys, affect the soundings, and fre. ranges through which run streamsof the purest, sparkling water. Indeou, thore ie an inexhaustanle supply of this commoa cotled or kinked upon it, show. but valuable and nesessary articls, both o the numerous wg age ey reached the lakes, rivers and rivulets wih which the whole island bowen the assstaace abounds, and which come gushing out of every rock inthe of the lead, determining the sumsoor time, or are frozea up in icy stillness and deasn important fact thats caole or during the long ani cheeriess winter. wire of the kind would The entrance to frintty Bay ie about thirty miles wide, reach the of the ocean. ‘and on either side rise the Dold headiaads of Hacoslo ana Borse Chope—the laiter of whicn {sad00» Give handred VALENTIA MAY, ‘and the former seven hundred feet in beight. The shore 3 IRELAND. of the bay is marked by indentations auc smaller bays, and inlets beve been worn into ite roc) boundaries vy —— the restless es Se poyooy tye THE COMMENCEMENT AND PROGRESS OF wiatloes fury. Large caves, running iar i moan- oLEG. tain barriets, have been hollowed rF by the same agon THE ATLANTIC SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH. , and the deep seams that scar the front of the rocks ‘Thie gigantic enterprise was first conceived in this coun- Shoe a time hat aot in mare 7 tm bt try, and was commenced, about five years ago, by a smal Altogether, there is much to admire in (he sooner} Trinity Bay, and in the summer soason it possesses company of American capitalists resiting in our city. In many attractions for the lover of nature, while im the wia- face of ail the objections that were urged against it, they ter its frozen, desolate look will do musi: towards devo- persevered with x determination that was proof against loping all the domestic affections and virtues by teaching all di 1. Tk was supposed by some that the the necessity of keeping indoors Ad this, in jastion, ia hecouragemen fairness and in truth, 18 all that can be eaid about Trinity | laying of » cable across the bed of the Atlantic was an at Bay. tor impossibility, and that any attempt must end in dis- VALENTIA BAY, IRELAND. dy boon ‘The other terminus of the line i#,as has already ft aead stated, in Valentia Bay, which is perhaps the most avail- | [/"ninty ie a be ie cook eet ons able point on the whole southern coast of Ireiand, both om yy [ee account of its being the nearest to Newfoundiand, and oa ing, entered =u s count of ite particular adaptability for & telegraph ata | $0 oMCoamots, bh (ay tion. The county of Kerry, which is indented by Valen- a i i 3 3 i z E HE E jon, about four years ago, obtained a colonial government of Newfoundiand, Those granting them the exclusive privilege for fifey e ivi ‘] oo Tunning & telegraph acrons thas ‘clned end through of Fi fi jin Bay is 9 a8 the fourth or fifth ney MT AT cordanse with the impoverishet apvearance tand, and of the people. [ne island of \atentia suffered fear fully during the famine in Ireland, and handreds died 0° starvation @n the road side of in tee miwerab © dwallings, some of which still remaip, and is whic their bodies weeks sfler their demth, an buried and in a horrible state of emaciavon. Within phe leat few yours ie Owd the condition of Wwe PRICE TWO CENTS. between the United States and St. Johns, on the extrema western point of Newfoundland, was estabiened. in we latter of 1856, complete communication was es- stablished between those pouts, by the succesfu! isying of a submarine cable across the Gulf of 3t Lawrence, from Cape Ray to Cape North, the land tines haying been completed two or three years previously. Tove far the company have been successful; Dot till the connection was completed between Europe ani (mera, the wort tor which they had organized could not be vad to have been accomplished. Through the agency of Mr. Cyrus W, Field, the whole amount of capital (£60,000, which {s equal to $1,750,000), was subseribed—ine shares amounting to $5,000 each. The proportions in which these shares were taken were one hundred and one in London, eighty-eight in America, e'ghty-six in Liverpool, thirty- seven in G , twenty-eight in Manchester, sad tho remainder in other parts of Kngland. The capital, how- ever, bad to be subsequently increased to $2,500,000, to the failures that occurred in the various altempw to submerge the cable. Daring lest Congress a subsidy of $70,000 per annum for twenty five years was granted to the Atlantic Tele- graph Company; and the Secretary of the Navy was also directed to supply two national vessels (o agsie® in laying the cable. The British Parliament showed itself equally liberal. In complisnce with the tions of § the Niegara and Susquebanpa were depated to dseiat im the undertaking ; but after the first failure laat year, tae latter vereol was withdrawn, and the Nisgara bas been, therefore, the only one of our national veesols that bas absred i the glory ot Inying the cable that unites che two Continent @ «listance between Valentia Bay, in the south weet of Treland, and St. Jonna, Newfoundlend—the two points of Connection —-is sixteen hundred and fifty miles. It will be een Dy the following @ atlantic submarine cable ix somewhat diferently made from apy previourly manufactured. Tho sore, or conduc- tor, ia composed like that of the Gulf c.bie; of seven cop- Per wires wound together in the same macce®m The pro- vecting wires are made into strands, oncn composed of wal iron wires, The aggregate res required in the manufactare of ‘one mile of the cabie is ove hundred aad | xrailem, and ae there were three tuourau’ miles or the aitempt this rummer, the whole cablo waa coosequently composed of three hundred apd reventy aight moarand miles of this wire, TRB GREAT ATLANTIC CABLE. — : The following engrav! shows the exact thickn the wires, with those of their various coverings ‘= net SMALL CABLE, 11-16TH8 OF AN INCH IN DIAMETSR, SHOWING THE VARIOUS COVERINGS. 4 1. Wire—Eighteen strands of sevea inch wire. 2. Six etranas of yarn. 3. Gutta percha—Phree coats. 4. Tel wires—Seven in number. The flexiDility of this cable is so great that it is ae roapageable a8 @ small rope, and it is capsbdie of being tied around the arm without injury. ite weight is Dus 1,860 pounds tothe mile, and ita strength such wuet it will bear in waser over six miles of its owa sength if sue pended vertically. Some doubis entertained ws to 1s simk- ing to the bottom, it is enough to know that 1% \¢ neavier than those shells which have been taken up from the bed of the ocean by Commander Berryman while aoe a ‘Oe ex- sounding along the line of the elegraph 5 ments re in our fave, > oder, eet these: It hae been asserted, too, thas ly at rest. lender iron wire by which |: \# prowecved will suffer corrosion or decomposition in & short ‘meatier ral , but in doing #0 the material of whic they consist will enter into chemical uaioa with the sof mud in which the cable is imbedaed, sod will thus form & concrete mass of calcareous or salicsous substance, affording the very best possible prote.tion. THE FIRST FAILURE TO LAY THE CABLE. ‘The first attempt to lay the cable was made leet August. Is will be exactly twelve months to morrow since toe fleet, destined for the purpose, net out from Valentie Bay. It may be somewhat interesting to mentwn, 6 connection with ap ol! pautical superstition as the ominousnere of the day, tbat the 7th of August, 1857, when the versels sot out, was a Friday. The shore cable, however, bad been landed the previous evesing—this very day twelve month, The following vessels composed the fleet: — 1. The U. $ steam frigate Niagara, Captain Hodson, to lay the balf of the cable from Ireimucd. 2. The U & steam frigate Susquebauns, Cariic “aads, to attend upon the Niagara. 3, The U.S. steamer Arctic, Captain Berrymen, to make further soundings on the coast of Newsoundiand. 4. The Telegraph Company's stoamer Vi Sluyter, to agsst in landing the cab:e at Now: 6. HM. steamer Agamempon, Captain Noidall, the balf of the cadie on the American side. 6. H. M. steamer Leopard, Captain Wainwright, to at- tend y the Agamemnes. 7. H. M. steamer Cyclops, Captain layman, to go ahead the course. land. to by landing the cable at Valontia. The plan adopted on the first occasion was to commence paying out from Vaientin Bay, the Nisgara to lay tho cable on the Irish side of the Atlantic, and the Aganem- non on the American side, It had heen a polst of the greatest importance, and one which recetved the moat mature deliberation, as to whother that plan should be followed, or that which bas now proved succsssfal, for the vessels to meet in mid-ocean, make ® aplice, and then separate, the one hemaing towards Valeotia Bay and the other towards Trinity Bay. The most emiacat mea of acience were consulted and gave their opmons on the subject, aod Gnally the former course was devtled on. The inying of the cable om that cccasion was s0- lemoized with the most gentry ‘0 large numbers participated ia them, Cariously enough, it fell to we jot of American saiore om that oceasion (o draw the cable to shore and to hand ine ond of it to the Lord Lieutenant. I: was @ boat's crew of the Ni , headed by Lieat. Whiting, that that a On the sixth day from the landing of the cabie—the Lita of August—the accident occurred which put ao end wo the was clevated or depressed as she rose on °aco ware. was while her stern was that the Drakes were put ‘on, #0 that in addition to iuced by 4s rising again, the cable nad to bear an ad J strate of wares ‘thousand pounds, as marked upon the inuicawr. Tom wee bear, and the consequence was that The mvmeot the brakes to cut it » most unfortunate: but if the enterprise ‘allied. the ex dition proved one thing beyond ‘a ponsibu ot ‘doubt, the practicability of laying a submarine telegrsph cadle acro-s the Atlantic between Irelan’ and Newsousdiand. The same morning, soon after the catastrophe, ® congul- tation was held in the cabia of the Niagara, a which tein Hodson, Captain I’ennock, Captain Wainwright, Mr. Bright, Mr. Woodhouse, Mr. Cannieg and Profemor were presen!, when the yusstion of commenciog tne work over again with what cab! fela was discussed, bit tion, that there waa nol enough to connert the two points, the proposition of course dia not prevail. The following table and statement stow the amount paid owt and the Dalance of cable on hand — mg "aad Nautical Miles, 2 by MT