The New York Herald Newspaper, July 16, 1858, Page 2

Ferald of yeaterday. png ‘ander Young, Patrick Gosgrave and James Duncan, all of them beatmen in San Franoieco. They left this city on the ‘steamer Commodore, and took a with them, Feces ee emanates Sy ems Victoria to Bar, one bundred and miles above the mouth of Frazer river and two miles wo oe ne toey 0 no doubt white men at ‘men at hundred Indians— Fy Fe i! re al eat? PHT g ae rete started to prospect for dry tsi ‘were accompanied by Indian guides, who hi-you (plenty ) geld to be found. Salmon was very al dant, tbe season having just commenced. No Deen observed above the mouth of the river; learned from some balf breeds that Dears in the bills. One srecies is described as bei green color, not very large, but exceed! 7 and dangerous to bunt. The first discovered by a man named Charles Adame, afterwards ebot and killed by his partner, Dovald, during @ controversy relative to some Dovald is now at Whatcom. It is nec: Indian guide or pilot im ascending the river. Our iaform ants are of opinion that gold is most abundant ali throagh that country, and they intend returning in about two (From the Puget Sound Heral4, Extra, of May 28 By the arrival of the steamer Constitution, Capt. Gove, on Tuee@day, from ports below, we have additional news from the mines, for which we are indebted to Mr. Kindail and others, who came on her. Mr. Fitzbugh reports that the trail from Bellingham Bay towards the mines is cut out about the distance of seventy miles, and that are entertained of complet: — entre distance in a few days. eury Harsel, of Olympia, who, not long since, went up Frazer river in company with six others, has returned to Bellingham Bay, and reporw that he ascended the river to within two ands half miles of Fort Yale, to what is calied Hill's Bar. He states that he made the trip from Olympia in a canoe In ten days; that the bar was all taken up by claimants, and that, on account of high water, be could not well go higher up the river with his capoe. He remained three and a half days on the bar; while there he saw one man take out $48 in one day. Three py napa pe out five and one-half ounces in a Mr. Harsel reports the range to be from five to fifteen dollars a day to each hand, and says the old California miners a) more than " aa, Ny came passen- sae have brought up verage Mr Giddings, formerly Mr. supplies be carried up the river. He intends returning to the mines in July. wae Ls eed some dé puaioge cs consequent upon the gold excitement. New ‘are going up. apd efforts are being made to extend a wharf from the town to deep water. The new and rival town, Sehome, presents @ somewhat primitive aspect. Three butidings erection, and some progress bas extending a wharf. It is exp»cted will be erected there during the 3 pie eee z E35 S =e 3 been made that several houses Coming week. The schoomer Matthew Vassar, Capt. Dodge, arrive at eee = the 224 ipst., im nine Gays from Port land, treig! with genera] merchandise. Ten head of cattie were also oem from Portland, end landed at “ye bave journey. We have been digging four days, sod made $9¢ between usthree = * s * We bad « hard time coming, lost all our fit. except flour our cance cap- tre in the {alis, and was en to pieces. We are do well, considering the chances we bave here. out, Six other cances were capsized acd smesbed the same Cay, pear the piace where we met with our misfortune. Four whites and two lodians, belonging to these six canoes, were drowned. None of our party sustained apy injary beyond the lors of provisions, * * . * Proviriovs are very high: pork is selling at $1 rocker iropa, one ounce each, each; shovels, $7 each; tea, $4 por ib ; aod every thing ee oportion. Ifepy one could cet bere with provisions, a fo tupe might be made on their sale. Another private letter Wo a gentleman here says. — 1 think pL hg ‘88 000 as the river falis. Thave seen men who have been near the hess of the river, who say that they have got out (rom $20 to $125 per ay per man, with the rocker. There is pow po way of mas ing & pack tral up the river, wich is unfortunate. Lam making from $5 to 612 per day vow lebail go up the river to the Sharwapcountry wheo the water faiis. Wratoom, Betlingbam Bay, ‘The trail from Bellingbam Bay to the \peon at Fra zer river mines bas alread) been opeped beyond the Sa mats 'ake, between forty and fifty miles from this piece. A party of twelve mec, under the supervision of Mr. Smite, are at work cutting the trail througa by the Chil- ‘weok Pass. Wher last heard from, last Fr: about fifty miles of the trail to into the mines, after ® long and tedious party, thinks they can cut from five seven mileo per day, At this rate. @ trail will probably be oo Ned in ton day, at the farthest, Toere is co doubt adout the prac Woability of this tral, The whole distance from bere to Port Thompson, on river, ie travelled by Indians in seven Gays, on foot. Several of foot men bave already goce through by this route, having In- Cian guices. The reports from the digg ngs continee good. When the trail is completed, you may bear from mo agan A. M. POE. BLOCKADE OF FRAZER RIVER Fler Hrviah majesty 's eteamshipg Satellite, Osptain Pre vou. it wenid, bad received orders to maiotain a clore Dioce ade of Frazer river, with @ view to prevent the far- ther mecemt of trecing verses Miners and their goods, ‘2 Well af Open boats, were not to be molested, and the free and pesconble pavigation of that stream is atiti ex- temde¢ other. Frem whence the order originated we bare been unable to learn, but presume it emacated from Governor Douglas. LATTER FROM FORT LANGLEY. We have been permitted to cake the tollowing extract from @ letter dates Fert L Mey 16 — re arrived st Fort [ very fast, and I present. Aster as the diggings are concerned there is no question but there is god pleoty. I would adviee you Bot to leave San Francisco uotli the iSth of July; and when you come, be bring up nome Niver, as the goli's very fi ything by coming np here. Yoo ti yelone that will be ealeabie w: weer apd lend, as there # ver 4 here. De not iay in any liquors for sale, for x hibited by the miners to sell it to the Intiang, as there been two or three rows by the lodians through y. The bearer of this cam give you ‘orther partien- —ae he bas jost retornec from the mines. As soon xe the water fale I abell go ap the river. I bave got three months’ provieions with me and my teole Please send me @ box of medicine, as there i¢ none to be hed ‘at this piace, and there are quite nomber siek. Tell all your (lends that leave before the 15th of July to lay io | their provinows—encugh to carry them through to the mine* Send me some quicksilver, ae | can dispoee of it to rood advantage. There bare been several lives lost on the river rite by retern mail BA KING Mr Tilton, Surveror General of Washicgion ptormation in relation from Semome, Bellingbem Bay. Nea Check a here. having ore provietone He He cays — jost arrived from Fort ab cut 400 minereat ing from @ beif to twoeurors per day per man ounces. There doer bat are few miners shont 250 have started out on § erent tm | to hare et on “iol caching Sumea aod wen) © the Cry diggings beow Fort Yale, where they are cow ot work. CRNErs passed on thy the pass io the meonta.ne a; Semmit ake. to rtrike 1 river oy the ‘pdm Wall, ane AS Noe Who went this trail have re- lorped, we infer that fhey got throogn as ie but 160 mes from Bellingham Bay, and they are now at work 2 Thompeon river NO DRWTITUTION AT BELLINGHAM Bay. Mr 1 F Newsom, writing from Beitingnam Pay under sic of the 23d of May, denies that there ix ary wcarcity of provisione at that petut. His letter @ puviimhed in the Poet Sound papers He eaye:— ‘bere being Pamercus reports in eireulation that there ere bungreds and even thousands of people starving at Rellicgham Bay, feel it is only necessary to wiate a few ‘acte tn relation to the matter to convince the travelling I aw the friends of persons supposed to be here, that provisions are to be had in any quantity or bape There are eatablished bere at thie time. in full ope- ration eleven stores well etocked with groceries. provi. ions, clothing, maning implements, &e; two buteher abope, three bakeries. two rentauramta, (one the Whateom House, kept by our old frlena William Littlejohn, wno, commviering a!\ things, keeps @ good house.) besides nu- morone boarding beates. Apd, for the benefit of those who wisb food for the soul, 1 wil state that jow have been aniected for the erection of three . THE CALIFORNTA NRORO BMIGRATION. Comeequent upon the paemage of & stringent negro law of the Lagisiature of Onlifornia et ite inst session, bibiuing the further emigration of free wo Stale and sompeiling those now resident to give dood for their good bebsvior, large numbers of this class of people are new 0° arriving by every steamer from tener, with s view, we suppoee, to permanentiy settle, the laws of this Territoty pot boing there. w A large namber are also og themselves upon Vancouver’? Inian, where we they have met with ‘a favorable reception from the authorities Among them NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, JULY 16, 1968, megro theffamous “Dred * of Califernia, | casturege, acd in meay pi for tillage. Bet aloug Pe phen = fn gy — hy this | se other sad more worthore sections "the country is Regro act was pazsed—the colored ‘of California wore vpgenial and wpproductivs, being cut up having become very tarbulent his trial, threaten: | wo oo otvisias, ravines, torrents, lakes and marshes. ing by force and violence to rescue from siavery,ia f Yet it is well wooded, I all the varieties ing Dy Mosurte shoaid decide that slavery could Consus fof tees growing in that , spruce, pine, mo op hy iP So fara: we | pop ar, willow, cedar, o; elder, But in ve been able to form an ‘of this class o: our J ali probability the information ai this commt , We must say that they are a quict, orderly bicb or. Dunn farni relates to the climate. ‘and up| class of people, none of whom have i¢ subject he rema:ka :—‘ The climate is vary varia- the being ‘even to give the Territory f ble, ara the transition; are, though periodically reguiar, much Senate ams whe cnr laws obs!) | remarsably avdden, if not violent, the spriog, permit their residence here. which lasts trom April iii] June, the weather and the face of the conetry deugit in June dhe most tant the climate, Pit must draw a vi Battering spectend fis long correctness of his receive the product of the mines. The mildpeas of our great over = ifoiecetterwne olggipgs in lesa than three dollars Bat the. exc it p= oJ one P. months out of the twelve; course temporarily felt. Ihave beard of miners leaving | 4, u Claims yloldig ton dollars a day and starting tor too | {ne "mHuch Possessions out of the Tt should be borne in mind that the new placers can | Provable that he will Lave reason to be only be worked during halfthe year. The other half the cold renders mining operations next to impossible. The THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY. ground becomes hard trom frost and is covered with snow, If the reported Giscovery of gold in large during which time the miners will seek a more genial cii- | the northern be confirmed, mate, and probably rendezvous in San Francisco. important city will spring up at some pornt Some of the towns in the interior have been literally de. | Sound. On aa examination of the map, it serted, and nearly one half of the male population of the city of Sacramento have Joined inthe hegira. The best of our mechanics have been numbered among the throng of Se. while those who remain, taking advantage of either Point Roberts or the island located in Frazer river would be the most the ecarcity, have run up the rates of wages to sometoing | of commerce. Where, then, is the new city to be? near the old prices, wi must soon have the offect 0: | the Hudson Bay Company should insist upon preventing bringing in an increased supply from the East. ube shipment of a!l goods but their own up Frezer river, (From the San Francisco Heral: \d they should be sustained in that exclusive policy by By the arrival of the Panama, from the Sound, 6 British government, it is hardly possible taat apy city we have reports of rich s—of large numbers of | Of greatanc ov wing importance caa ‘pring upupes apy portion of tne American territory, for which might be imported could not be sent up the river, except, indeed, overland, and in deftance of the Hudson Bay Company. At present the indications seem to be that the northern emporium of commerce willsbs located at Fequimalt Bay, three miles below Victoria, on Vancou- ver’s island. At that point it is said that there ts suffi clevt cepth of waterf or ships of the large clasa, and for the accommodation of 3 commerce of the most extensive miners at work on the bars of Frazer river—of huadrova of dollars washed out in a day—of dollars, and even ounces to the pan, and of gold eve in that region, but no specie list—no importation of the tangible, giitter- ipg cust—no indisputable evidence of the richness of the new maines. How is this to be explained?’ It is said by some that the reason that none of the Frazer river dust, at least a sufficient amount of it to establish the fact of the existence of gold in the Britieh possessions in large quan- tities, bas as yet been received here, is that the Hudson Bay Oompany have the monopoly of the trade io that region; but that cannot r the main fact, for no matter whether trade be free or be controlled by a monopoly, it would be necessary to send to San Frauciscs the dust in exchange for the commodities which may be required for the miners who have flocked to the new El Dorado. It will hardly be pretended that the Hudson Bay Company bad jong since laid in supplies suffictent for all purposes, and that, therefore, there is no nec! at present for any the ‘wants of the malt | it must be admitted thai, just at this tine, their influence ia all powerful. It will be difficult to ecm. pete with them in anything. It is s mistake, however, to euppoee tbat Vancouver's Isiand is held by the company on the same terms as the territories of the main land. It wae leased to them in Poses of Colovization, and . time they were empowered to fix the price of land sod arrange taxation, but the Governor was t be appointed by the Crown. Ninetenths of the sums ved for land were to be expended in improvements im the colony. it was renewed in 1854 for Port, both by steamer aud — The grapt was for five years recke, ix demolishes completely, ent and effect the tame term of years, and will expire a second time in tally that . Where, hen is fe aa? was ee 1869. , It i under this leage that the Hudson Bay Com- ‘we not in receipt of thousands of doliars of the ore, in ox. | pexy are new eelling land at Victoria and Esquimalt Bay. change for the thousands of dollara worth of goods which | There ‘s 20 reasou to doubt their ability to convey a per- fect titie. A project has atready been formed for the con- nome — beh dd? bi gp dipalee arg! necticn of theee two poluts by a railroad. We learn the Sound bring its long list of specie? It is hardly possible that the new Dorado should commence | {rom @ source likeiy to be well iaformed om the on the credit system, and obtain all its supplies in that | *utject, that there ts not much — probability way. Ona simple calculation, based upon the reports of | thet the British government, in 1859, will re- the quantities of gold amagsed, it will be readily ascer. | bew cither the lease of Vancouver's Island or tained that thousands upon thousands 0’ dollars have | the charter of the Hudson Bay Company, aad we are of the opinion that such will be the f beeen nye Me emults (can | Chance of renewal the Hudeca Bay bardly equal twenty-five per cent cf the whole, for it is ty Company may bave eo much to suppose that every ounce of gold altogether Previously bad, the ed discovery in the ter- which finds its way into the buckakin of the gold | ritor'es 20 long held by them wil! completely destroy. aoe oe ee earn Mpaiich Sceday bets | by the auperstion ofthe Amoor River evantry, will 24° t, is the dust? bas len stream been iver , will eug- Birected?. Tt could not have been ot Gone the Poot geet to th? British the necessity of establien wg ecolouy on this coast to preserve tho balance of power This cannot be dove while the Hudson Bay Com- Indian runners of the Hudson Company may be. y bold the whole country under an exclusive charter. It is true that some gold Ri’ aon > sien Toe 5 a, Bes oer a the of the wes brovght down by the Panama, though its mautfest | Whole of the Brit'sh possessions on the 9 for settie- made no mention of the fact, and we ourselves were shown s small buckskin purse containirg about three oupecs of the precious metal, but if the mines were as rich extena! ported to be, and if the miners at we ovgbt to have been in receipt of thousands of dollars yes. bp either tn payment for supplies tay & 4 or for coinage Or deposit preparatory thipment i Tt way be recollected that within the lsat few years a considerable agitation baa been carried on in Cauada with the object of inducing the heme government to annul the charter held by the Hudson's Bay Company. ‘The matier waa referred to a select committees of the view of all the nows hitherto rece!vea the north, we | House of Commons, which reported Ist July. As the are forced to the conclusion that the re gold discov. | report contains information aod suggestions of much inte- trice thre bavs been gromly” exageePan, are | rest now, it will not be inappropriate to publish it im this oa fm that copclusion wher we look ard "ve all the machivery emp!oyed im the getting up of gold excitements in active operation, viz , the manufac ture ot letters from tbe reported uew mives, and busy agent working in the streets end boarding houses, among the crowcs who bave become infected with the fever. Who does not recollect the “Gold Lake” excitement of early thd Lore ah lake of gold tn a liquid ere in the Sierra >. connection. It le as follows: — id REPORT OF A SELECT COMMITTER OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. ‘The near approach of ibe period whea the license of ex clusive trade, granted tn 1858 for twenty-one years to the Hudson's Bay Company, over that uorthwesiern portion of British America which goes by the same of the Iadian atate, existed some! evatas, and that , must , Would alone make it necessar from thie lake trighted down the gold found on the banks | that the condition of the whole of the vast regioas wh! of the rivers, even in the quartz, found its hosts of | are under the administration of the corpany should be trove believers, abeurd and ridiculous as it was both in carefully considered; bat there are other circumstances science end theory, and the fever raged with as much vio- | which, in the opinion of your committee, would have rea. lence 8 it does t Gay about Frazer river. Then we bad | dered such a course the duty of the Parliament and ‘be Gold Blut bum! and oply tecessary to bour or #9 to = late on J. ‘ax ounce or more of the precious metals—a a Caen. ined of taal Uneoraven tn out tabs Seas ago, afd in which waxed soled boots were substituted Jorg-toms and rockers—were as eagerly drank ia by the gaping and fevered crowd, and as readily believed, as if no ¢: bad ever been in the vain search for the lake of iqnid gold. Later we have had the Kern river boax, and a puomber of others of lesyer note, and — ought Ty pena oe cause the Poe ygn seo oar popul to pruse engage may turn out 1o be another wil! o’-the-wiep chase. That there Probably placer diggings tn the conntry to the cas of acer dig: co [isa ee bere 30 doubt: but that it exists there in as large quantities as in California to day, or in times past, we bave as yet received no positive or even plausible evidence government of ths country. there, your committee would specially enu- merate growing dosire of our Canadian fellow sub- jects that the meane of extension and regular settioment ‘sbould be a‘forded to them over a portion of this territory ; tbe necessity of providing suitably for the administration of the affairs of Vancouver's Island, and the present con- dition of the settlement which haa been formed on Red iver. "3 ‘Your committee have rece'ved much valuable evidence on these an other subjects connected with the inquiry which has been entrusted to them, and capecial ve bad the advantage Lad eete Read statemonte of Chief Jus p edeny Sh ge joned by the government of Canada to watch this inquiry. In addition to this, your committee have received evidence taken before a committee of the Legislative Assembly, appointed to ve this subject, containing much valuable informa tion im reference to the interests and feciings of that portant colony, which are entitled to the greatest weight op this cccanton. Your committee have also bad the opinion of the law offcers of the crown communicated to them on various Serre charter of the Hudson's Day pany The territory over which the company now exercise rights is of three descriptions — 1. The land beld by c! or Rupert's Land. 2. The land held by license, or the Indian territory 3. Vancouver's ‘siand For the nature of the tenure by which these countries are peverally courected wth the Company, your commit tee would refer to the evidence they have revetved and the documenta appended to thetr Among the various objects of im) policy which it js Important to attain, your com consider that it essential to meet the just aed reasonable wishes of Canada te be enabied to anner to ber territory such portion of the land in ber peighborlood as may be available to ber the purposes of settlement, with which lads she ie to open apc maintain communications, and for whieh she will provide the mesns of jocai ad ministration. Your committee appreheod that the districts oo the Red River and the Saskatchewan 1. Thal the owner of the boat bind Bmself are smong those likely to be desired for early occu ceive poother voote on board but such pation of greet importance thet the peace and the Hudeon's Bay Company ood order Of those districts should be effectually secured 2. That the sai? master or owner binds himself not to Fone committee trust that there will be no difficulty to SUFFERANCE ISSUED BY THE CUSTOM HOUSE AT VANCOUVER ISLAND. Governor a, in bis prociamation, requires that all verrels | take owt ® permit or sufferance from Bouse at Vancouver Isiand, before she will be eS nee anak po eee A ‘a copy of the euflerance granted couditons imposed for tts cbtaivance, which have been furnished us by Mr. Fiermung, Purser cf the steamer Commodore — SUPYERANCE Fort Victoria, Vancouver Island. ‘These are to certily to ali whom it may concern, sufferance for the present be te ie granted, dinone annexed ,to——, master , on the the ——, burden that con tug willing Rowner Fixtavson QCollector for Hudson's Bay Company. CONDITIONS OF 8UFFRRANOE. carry oF imp powder, ammunition, arms or utenalis | « (ectirg arrapgements aa between her Majesty's govern of war, except from the United Kingdom. met and the Hudson's Bay Oompany, by which these 8 That be bines bimself to recetve no passengers, 6x Lstricte may be ceded to Canada on equitable principles, | cept tbe sud passengers produce a gold mining license | and permit from the government of Vancouver island. | 4 That the said owner miso binds bimseif uot to trade with tbe natives. CLIMATE OF THE FRAZER RIVER COUNTRY. | Ina work entities “The ( Territory, ‘a: d within the districts thus anneted to her the euthorty of the Hadeos’s Bay Company woul, of course, entirely Coane Your committee think it best to eontert themselves With indicating the outlines of such a scheme, leaving it to her sisjerty 's government to consider its details more maturely before the art of Parliament i* prepared, which ‘Will probably be necessary to carry it into eect In cece, bowever, Cavaca should o very early period to undertake the Soa “Praser's river, he a, | river district, it may be proper to conside |, between latitudes 65 acd | temporary provision for ite edmtulstratioa may vot be ad “risen im the Rocky bear the source of Canoe river, which is the first after ‘the iatter issues committee are of optaion that (t wil! be proper joate the conaeetion of the He tson's Day Company ‘ancouver Isand as s00n as it Ch» coaven! done, as the best means of tbe great patural advantages of Menos should also be provided for the pettic) t may be found practi sabie. As to Lboee exteostve regions, whetber in Rupert's Land or to the insotan Territory, io least, bere cau be 00 soy extent, by the coiwivaten, the yy A tived is founded oo the following eonaiterationa: let ‘he great importance to the more portions of rapide, aod = rugn 1 about seventy miles, is emptied into the Gutf of Georgia, in Iatitude 49 deg. Tmin N Darfng the latter part of its course, for dont seventy miles, 't is nevigeble for vemmel: afler pene tng ite bar, thet draw twelve feet of water. Ils whole | lirtieh North Americs, that law and order should, as far | wngth is about four handred miles.” Most of the charts | ss posrible, be maintained la these territories; 24. The v hich faa) c(lects which they believe would jofallibiy result to have beon published sivce the discovery of the | pew gole ty the whole of Fraser river, tLe i dian population ee oer en i the fur tade,and (be onsequent int apirite ‘ and 34 rorth latitude—ths dividing !ine botwoen | in # (ar greater degree than is the case at present; Wastegwn Territory and the British Possessions. ft will | The prouaility o the indiscriminate destruction of the 4 be obeer ved that Mr. Pome, (ped bis nag soaseoes oe in the more valuable (ur bearing animals in the course of afew comptry g! soe a Por these ressors your committee are of opinion that whet ver may be the va’ or otherwise of the rights | claimed by the Hudson's Bay 7, under the charter, it demirable thas J de coatiaue to enjoy the pri vilege of exclasive which Ow poRsera, EKOePA jotot comm (#0 jar as (bose priv ilegen are by the foregoing re the pra ‘Your ccmm'ttee ha fied the o ‘oor committee ve now | whish they think it ‘woul be tasicebia to mista | tar tbe cbartored rights claimed by the Hudson's determined to oe within the American line. One thing, | Bey Company may re an ostacle to their bowever, is certain, via | that as no boundary bias as yes | they are pot Abie ‘any cer! , O say. thie dim. | deen fixed between the pomseasions of the two countries, | culty te to be solved by amicable adjustment, such a dition ities and digpuies cannot be avoided if the Hudeon's | courre w be best meted ‘by the govern ment, after Boy Compeay “Ter ener elaing the whats trate of communication with company, se Weil as with the | the new Ei ir Tmuon also furnishes ae with @ | goverpmens of Canada, by detailed sugges description of the country yiog long both sides of | tore etevsting from this committee Frazer river, which cannot fail to prove interesting. Be ‘Your onmmittes cannot dowbt but that, when sush aye —" The country along its lower section is hilly, aud » covered with forests cf white pine, cedar aad ‘other ee | evergreen trees, and the soil is generally well fittet for will be a ecarion of loft Sam Franciece for i presat bal whith shall lay toe founder | Vancouver gold Selde, cud ft seme. not improbable that tion of ‘and satisfactory arrangement, in the | the oppressed population of the differcmt colored event, witch we consider probable, of legislation being il sradaaty nak in tho same seins, © ole solvent duty 31, A Py Fs all the native PRESBAT OBGANIZAPION OF ‘THE COMPANY. “ye Lg Company From the “Oyclopedia of Commerce,” a work that hes | tht hairoivitzed population to es been just published by the Harpers, we make thefoliow- | There is abundant room for American ing oxiracts in relation to the preseat organization of the | &% (22'Parido, and isis highly desirable, thai two Hiuoon's Bay Company, and to the terrtorien over which | experimecte in colosafion should be tried ite Juriadiotion extenda:— ee i Seer Se enn affairs of the Hudson’s than American attempt PR mart beled mt bef Man Ay —— esto. Hoare ive septing @ ve "ar unoitoe, Oe TESt proprietors 06 rn ent Ages Sed ee Ter have more than two votes. £000 of stock must be held | the island any protection which may be req for six mouths by each voter previous to voting, except | bé strange if bow relations of friendship or ‘such stook be aq by or marriage, and each after arise between Kussia and England from the member of the committee hold not less than £1,800 | % their possessions on the opposite side of the stock. ‘The mode of election, oaths to be admicistered, | . however, to speculate on the overnment, &c., are prescribed by the charter of Charles which must become practically i referred to, Accordingly, the company has | 9002 it acquires wealth and ae Sa ‘ke. tor they : govers. ~~ pomcey rae ow a dln political condition Tisat'of the hairs. of the Absinibola or Rod River Terri. | of the Pacific cossts, as long as Lon ory, aod for the careful and administration of jus- on ee thos tredahoes apes tend. pot by recommendation of the receat committee with re- the charter off 1670, trial by jury was introduced by Sir to the re-sssumption of Vencou' ra oe ee reasnlee Tho imc sont ‘The Budson’s Bay y have now about 140 estab- | tives out of their old possessions as the Itebmenta, besides end shipping, | ly required for the ‘uses of civilization; but employing 26 chief factors, 28 traders, 162 clerks, | py, influence of an oppesite interest, protec ed eo faguar servant, Vndes emploring ix erent! | ceiivas fr dhsame regen which indoea fea veesel and five sailing “vesuols, of from 100 to $00 | Neceusey ant the, game ‘ann goldfields, however, have ceased to be avaiable as g: preserves, and the tenrre of the Hudson’s Bay Company ‘cannet too soon be determined. Their possession of the Grey’s colonial administra. island only dates from Lord tlon, and territory was ferred to their officers oply as trustees. The Americans, who reapect few forms agers reside at New York. princi Mmackinac, to which are brought all the peltries collected at the other ports of the Missusippi, Missouri and Yellow- stone rivers, and all over the vast raoge of couutry tending thence tothe Rocky Mountains, This compt is admirabiy organized and managed: it employs seam ‘boats for ascending the rivers, which alec penetrate with ease to regions which could formerly be explored only through the moet painful efforts im barges keel boats, or by small parties on foot or on horseback. A great many packages of furs are now brought from that sec- ticn of the cocatry, and from what is called the Red River of the North, by way of St. Paul, in Minnesota, and thence by way of river to St. Louis and other cities. It bas been proposed to build a railroad from St. Paul up the valley of the St. Oroix to the valley of the Red River, and for this purpose large grante of lanc bavs been aside sufficient to build this railrcad. A road oace built to this region would make a woodertal and complete re7o- Jution in the fur trade. * . « . * Im @ geographical view the Hudson’s Bay territories may be divided into four great oatural regious:—1l. The overnment, and it is not impossible taat within tea yeorsa (brivipg and peaceavle community may have grown up in the remote Northwestern wilderness. Pn THE ILLINOIS CAMPAIGN. Speech of Hon. Abraham Lincoln, in Reply to Semator Douglas, at Chicago, Satur- day Evening, July 10, 1858. My Fa.vow Ornzesa—On yesterday evening, upoa the cocaatva of the reception given io Sevator Douglas, [ was furpiebed with a seat very convenient for bearing him, ‘and was otherw se very courteously treated by him and his friends, and for which I thank him and them. During the course of bis remarks my uname was mentioned in such @ way, as | puppoee renders it at least not improper Columbia or Orogon Territory, a county of varied tes | that should make some sort of reply to him. 1 sbali cot tures, extending from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific. | attempt to follow bim in the precise order in which be ad- 2. The wooded region, occupying the country from Jave- | dressed the assembied multitude upon that occasion, da northward alorg the shores of Hudson’ ,antex- | though I shall perbaps do so in the main. tending along the valley of the McKenz'e and Pesce ‘A QUESTION OF VERACITY—THE ALLIANOR rivers neerly to the Arctic Ocean. 2. The prairie region, situated between the forementioned divisions aad occupy ag the valley of Seskatchewan and Red rivers, aoa tue upper waters of the Missour: and Mississippi. 4. fac atzip of stertle country along the Lo ome dee shores of Hud- ‘These was one question to which be asked the avteation of the crowd, which I deem of somewhat leds importance— at least of Propriety for me to dwel! upon—itan others which be brovgbt in near the close of bis apeech, aad which I think it would not be ertirely proper for me to son's Bay and the coast of the Polar Sea, ly knows | om:t attending to , and yet if | were not to give 0g the Barren Grounds. Of these divisions the wooded | gome attention to it now, I suid probably forget it alto. region. {s the moet extensive and the most valuable for | gether. (Applacse ) While Iam this subject, allow the of the fur trase—al! the finer skins which me to say that I do not intend to indulge in that inconve- nient mode sometimes adopted in public speaking, of reading trom documents; but I sbail depart from taat role go far as read a jistie sorap from bis speech, which notices this tirat topic of which I shal! speak—that is, pro videdI caa find itim the paper. (Examines ine Press ant 77:bume of this morning ) fine maior o- to appeal to the zo pai at a pie egal: the combination tbat hts been made equinet me~ tae ropa Hinace. with a portion of unsertipulogs fe jeral office Liptend to fib daat allied army wherever [ meet 1m I know they deny the alliance, but yat thes» mea who are irying to divide the demooratic party, for the pure we of gienting ibe Purposes find their way to the London market being obtained from roughly worked by the trading posls ad ageacies of the roughly w ts an cies company The indiana tnbabi it are in a pay ne id race. A familiarity vas whites an a trade bave produced 8 friendly feeting 9, and their cairo to among them toward 7 supply them with the commodities of trade ren- cer (hem by far the most valuable and industrious class of the populatica of the Hudsou’s Bay territories. The relation Of the company toward them is an extre! simple ove: the [odians hunt and trap for the furs whi the company receive, giving in excbange such articies as are suited to the simple wants and tastes of the natives, Trade ‘s carried on by mears of a standard valuation, based on the market price of a beaver skin, and hence denom ‘nated a made beaver. This is to obviate the ne- cessity of circulating money, which is quite ucknown any part of the Indian country, A beaver skin is coa- sidered in the Indian trade equivalent wo, three or are “cas be Obisined yuser the complete mouopely ex: skins can ol under the cn. joyed by the company render the fur trade probably ono cen lescers or aad yet acting in concert whh Well now, , is pot that very alarming’ (Kecator)” Seat to think of tt right at the outset of his ibem. ‘of the most lucrative species of traffic in the world. Canvass, I, a , kind, amiable, futelligent (laughter) It's aifioa:t to form an eatinate. approaching to acou- | geatleman-(leuguter and renewed cheers)—T am to be racy of the — of the Hudson's territories. Mt mets not only, From forty to fifty different tribes. distinct dia- | as dead vor evea a living one—bo jects, have beex enumerated, but testimates | is the rugged Ruseian bear! (Roars of laugbter and loud ever of ihe oldest and most expeRenced residents in the ye) But if they will bave it—for he says that we In¢iac country forbid all idea of arrivicg at apy accurate y {t—that there 's any such alliance as be saya there pro do not axcsed | is—and i don’t esticate of the:r numbers. ~~ 160,°00, Thetr numbers are, by the most trustw propose banging very much upon this ques- orthy Dut if he wil ba ‘ accovcts, rapidly diminish'ng. ugh the benevolent ton of verecity— ve it-thet there issuch au Aliiance—that the administration men and we aro allied and exertions of the Church Musicnary and other societies, | while we etand in the attitude of Eoglish, Frencn and Turk, missions and sthoo!s hare deer established tc various | be occupies the ion of the Ressian, in that case, I beg parts of the country east of the Rocky Moustains. These | that ho will indulge us while we barely sugges(to him, thet maou supported entirely from the funds of benevolent | these aliies took Se! |. (Loug anc tremendous ap- bodies in Fogiand anc Canada, afford the only means of | piause.) Gentiemen, only a few more words as to this education hitherto available to the inhabitaits of those | alliance. For my part, I have to eay that, whether there remote regions. be such an alliance, depends, so far as I Bro: ‘The elimate and soll of the Hudson's Bay territories, | may be a right definition of the term alliance except ‘n the extreme northern districts, d' tittle from | republican party to see the other great party to which thoee of Canada, and are equally adapted for colonization. | they are divided among themselves, aod not try On the banks of the Red River, flowing into Laxe Winai- | to stop the ene, Gana ES Ee Oe ee ne eg, amail settiement hae been formed, consisiing | alliance, 1 confess [am tm; but if it meant to be said that e 4 of retired servants of the company, with their | the republicans hed formed an alliance going beyond ve ‘The colony now numbers a population of about | that, by which there would be contribution of money or 10,900 souls; but from its isoiated position the bulky | sacrifice of principle on the ote side or the other, so far nature of such exports as could be furnished aad the ‘as the repubiican party is concerned, if there be any such and rous navigation to Badson's , there thing, I protest that I neither know anything of it, nor do Mtals ity of its rising to commercia! impor! I bel ft. Twill, however, say—as I think this branch fe eee in—I would, before I leave it, state, for the benefit of concernet, that one of those did once teil me of an argument tha: to Judge Dougias Dougiaa bad beon talking to bim, other thinge sald to him, “Why, you don't tas?” © You," sald he, * {do want to i 7 OPINIONS OF THE ENGLISH PRESS. From the London times of June 27.) a i z is ES f a — ca : & 3 i s ve ef - & i Hy every where a With the ¢/f nities the very barcest point to ta and 1 am for putting him more.” (Applause. argument—that {s ‘Deen stating to you the argum: You will jadge if there ie any force in it. (Appinuse.) WRAT 18 POPULAR eoreneaanes? Popular sovercignty ! everiasting popular sovereignty | ‘Laughter and continued cheers.) Tet us for a moment quire {ato this vast matter of popularsovereigaty. What is popular eovere'gnty? We recollect that at an early pe- riod in the bistory of this struggle, there was ancther name for the same thing—squatwr sovereignty. it was not exactly popular scveretgnty but squatter sovereignty What do terme mean?'—what do those terms mean when teed tekea Dy our friend a 5 & i z H local goverment My ~ eacription on goods, whic we probabiy, in abeeuce returns, Dot besa copiousiy imported And = rast Judge, now? the whole, it seems that for those | support «f when be declares ereaeh seats toa custome appliances of crvili- | bave beer all the future years of fe aball be, vation Vascouver Island is, wit exception, the most | Ceveted to thie matter of popular sover What is cerirade portion of the surface of the earth. Experience | 't’ Why , 't i# tue sovereignty of tl What was shoes, however, that this happy combination of wealth | fquatier sovercignty’ I suppose t gnificasce 84 all |t was the right of the peo to govern hemse! ves, eign of thelr own affairs while they wore 2 ® country not their own, while can only inst fora very short period. isoovery of their reapes- ai * dower thts Toedon or New Yor! on & territory that did not be Luo the eame causes produce Acaree a rimi- euae that a State belongs to the peo ler revult. Miners whoasre a require of al! kinds, the country anda roads and railways aad forts, and the necessaries of life are with diMeulty obtained when all agricultural labor te diver'ed to the engrosring search for gold. Tha climate, eiver was called ‘“nquatter sore you to mark, What hes become atier sovereignty’ What bas become of it? anybody 10 teil you ow that the people of @ the fertility of the soil, and the yg we position thority t© govern theaselves, in will romain, apd it mays be hopec that the regular question of slavery, betore the; ecmin'stration which hes su for a fow for Mate constitntiion? No auch ‘thing at all, alt there wa gowersi running fire, and altboug’ there has been 8 burrah made im every speech op tnat side, as \e of & Territory the settlers will be developed into the government of a > lous aad oréerly community Vancov Telaed will the first instance by the experience which bes been earned in the eariler discovered goidteids, and It is pro- bable thet « large proportion of the fest emigrants will be farn{linr both with the most eficct ve move of working and with the social diffoulties which Lave been expe- rienced wn similar diatrics. The firet Californian acventerers were vaturaily sot re. leclod {rom tba ateadiest and mort reapectabie portious of society, ané, although the proceedings of the Vigilance Com miitees indicate the presence of an (atermittens public Conecienoe at San Francisco, a loug ime must elapse before the city of the State can hope to emerge from & condition im which life aud property are exception ally (ssecure. [he American character is sot con *plouevaly moderate or conciiiatory, and the native Mexi- cane, Ind'ang, and bail breec are found themesives suring tbat policy bad givea the ght to govern them: point ie é i. 7 toan a yearego!) was deciiod by the Sapremo Court of the United States, anc is insisted upon to day, that the peopie of & Territory baye no right to exolude slavery Troms Territory—thet ({ any one man chooses to take einves into ® Territory, ali the rest of the people have no decision right to keep them out. This being a0, this being mave one of the points that the J and be approval of which he put me dowa—put me dowe [ ® never been up. Be says i nd sticks to it, apd expects to win his battle em that ceelvion, which says that there ie no ench thivg as equatter sovercignty; but that any one man krente’ either as enomies 0 may tako sinves into Territory, and all the rece, while ihe ruling olaas, t other men in the Territory may be opposed to it, vets’ 16 attend to politics, bave generally allowed the | and yet by reason of the constitution they can into the bands of | not prohibit 't. When that is so, how much is left of this erent of public alfaire to { There oan he ite doubt itwel! clear, for the vast matter of squatter sovereiguty I should like to know? A Vorck— It bas all gone ‘When we get back, we get to the point of the right of the people to make a covstitusion, Keasaa was settled, for example, ia 1864. Ib wasa Torritory yet, without having formed a constitution, ina very reguiar way, for three years. Ail this time negro slavery could be taken to by few tndividwaln, and by that descision of the Sipteme Court, whieh the Judge approves, ail the reet of the people cantot keep it cut; bat when they come t maken constitution they may say they will not have slavery. But It's there; they are obliged to tolerate it im some Way—ardail experience shows it will be so—for ther take the negro sieves and absolutely deprive the owners of thom, Ali experience shows this ate ruMfaus aad cheats, wil in time lore, ‘oat the mixture o, it is not hould introduce Itself loto an English settlement, ould seem that for the present Vancouver Ininnd elikely toeufler by the social anarchy which prevails in Caiffernin. The account of she gold discoveries, wil probably revive in different the Union the tabi twat jealousy of English influence, which easily com dines itself with the national love of annexation, and in- Gigvant journalists will have oof hesitation o declaring thet tbe Ashburton treaty and the Oregon bovndary are unjustifiable and {nvalld attempta to interfero with mani- fortapately, however, no reason | All that epace of time that runs from the bagti ny a fg BR) the fore ofencroachment | fett’ement of the Territory until there on wo t on other irontiers of the States mao Oe peop te oo Cyne Gn pee route dangerous though tbe porscesion - ime popular Rovercignty is given up. icons goed prod colonlons ta comparatively anim. | lutely put down upon It b; see court decision, and Judge portant to Kugiand, fie not desirable that the national | louglar pots hik own upon the top of that, yet > ave honor sbola be engaged in any territorial dispute, and | pealing to the people to give him ‘vast oredit for his devo- 1 ta a matter ef congratulation thet the majority of the | tion to popular sovereignty | (A\ when ppiause.) Again seation of the right of the people to form ‘te thoy pleage, to form it with slavery ery—if that in anything now, I confess %. Bae tere ever been a time Oret body of adventurers consists of crown, wot the tess loyal for their temporary expert cee Of Ameriedn inevitulions, It is said that @ large | ¢ boty of Ourpish miners, the most valuable class oy / | i 8, ef 3 i : i g E PEER i € i i | iH I it E 4 | rf if Xoo) ‘The Lecompton ett connects itself with this queation, for it is im this matier of the Lecompton consti- tution that our friend he bap gy Claims such vast ore- om pton eo fer as I can perceive, he was right. “good.’") I do not deny thet at all; and, gent \) you wil ily see why I could not deny it, even if | wanted to. But I do not wish to; for all the im the nivhed twenty. (Applause. feat i. Tn the Base of furnished somo Lay: nisned ninety odd. (Loud that did the work? A Voick--Dougias. Mr. Lixcouw—Why yes, Douglas did it! To be sure he dic. Let va, however, put that ition another way. ‘The repubiicaus could aot have done it without Ju: Dovgias. Could he baye done it without them? Panze.) Which could bave come the nearest to doing it ‘without the other? (Renewed applause. ‘“ That's it,’ “ that’s it." “ good,’” * good.”” 4 Voica— Who killed the bill? Avornen Voicx—Dougias. Mr. Linconn—Gi wes takea it by the re- pudicans | before Douglas did it. The proportion of opposition to that measure is about five to one. ‘A Voicx—Why don't they come cut on it? Mr. Lixcorn—You dov't know what you are talking about, my friend. Iam quite willing to answer asy geu- tlemaa in the crowd whe asks an Intell (Great appianse.) Now, who iu all this country hes ever found any of oor frieuce of Jucge Dougias’ way of think ing, ane Lo baveacied upon this main question, that bas ever thought of utiering a word in bebaif of Judge ‘Trumbui ’ AVewr—We have “ Mr. Lixcos—I defy you to shew a reso- Intion parsed im m@ democratic mecting—I take upon myself to defy any man to show a priated ro. Solution of @ democratic meeting, large or small, in favor iudge Trumbull, or any of the five to one repubiicens who beat that bill. Everytoing must be for the deme- crete. They did everything, aud the five to one that really did the thing they enub over, and they do not seem to reweimbe: that they have an calsteace upon face of the earth (App ause) TINCOLN AND DOUGLAS. I fear tbat I shal! become tedious. oT take up that part of Judge Douglas . o up part ’ speech in which bs respectful (laughter) Ja¢ge Douglas points language in a speech which I delivered at Sprive , Which I believe I cam quote correctly from memory. I said there that ‘we now far intothe fifth year since a policy was instituted for the avowed object ani with the confident promue of putting an end to elavery agitation: under the operation of ‘that podey, thata,ttalon bad cvly got ceased, but bas —e av; paced n ‘oron—That’s the very language. Mr. Lovoorn—T believe it wil Det cease until a oriste sbali have been reached and passed. A house divided against itself cannot stand. I belir this government canpot endure ently half slave free.” ne ee ed tobe Coy sig lo am ee. not ex; house to fall, but I do expect it wil cease to be dines, Te wilt Decome a) one thing or the other. Either the of slavery wi) arrest the spread of it, and place it whers the public mind shall rest in the belief that itis ia the courte of ultimate extinction, or ts a¢vocaies will push it ferward unt! it shall become altke lawful in all tho Sates, North as well aa South.” (‘‘Good,"’ ¢ 2 ‘What is the ? In this paragraph, which I have quoted (x your €, and to which [ ask the attention of ali, Jadge Dougias thinks he discovers great politica heresy. I waat our attention to what be bas tnferred from it. leeays Iam in favor of making all the States of Union uniform tn ali their internal regulations; that io all thelr domestic concerns I am in favor of them entirely uniform. He draws this laferouce from the language I have quoted to you. He says that Iam in fa. vor of making war by the North upon the South for the extinction of slavery; that! am also in favor of inviting Pf heh a the — p) war ui the North, the purpose of nationalizing slavery. Now, itis singu- Jar evough, if you wili carefully read that ¥ over, that I did not say that I was in favor of any’ nit t only seid what (expected would take piace. 1 made ‘diction onty—itmey have deen a foolish one le did mot even say that! desired tbat slavery Id ytd Cre ee a poe ae say sonow, ver— (nppiause)—eo there p no @iMeuty about that It may be vrhes dome’ ta ee = speech. (Applause aod lsughter.) Gentlemen, judge Doug'as tpformed you that this sj of mine was probably carefully prepared [admit that itwas. Lam ‘not # master of language; ! have not a flee education; | am pot capable of entering into a dirquisition upon dialectics, as I believe you call it; but I Jo not beileve the Innguage lewployed ‘any such construction as Judge aa put upon it. Bat I doo’tcare about quibble ia re wo words. Lknow what Imeant, and I will not leave this crowd in doubt, if Ioac exp‘ain it to them, what I ree iy meant in the use of that paragraph. Iam not, in the first ace, unaware that thie government has endured eighty. wo years, half slave and half free. I know thet. T am tolerabt country, and I kpow that tt bas eadured half save and balf free ‘well acquainted with the history of the eighty two yous T believe—and that is what [ what gave us the rest thet we bad oars; at loast. go T believe. Bow ere of the intro: Lalways believed the 1 wes in course of w ) WhO Rtoor twas of the votom have rested im Why did thove old men, about the time the coortitution, decree that slavery should net go into the new territory whore it had not Aiready gone? Why declare that within twenty yogra the rican sieve trade, by which slaves are suppliot, might be ext of by Why were all there acts? Tm! enumerate mors of these acts. But enon were they bet « clear indication that the ors of the cyetitution intend ed and expected th ailimate extinction of that institution? eri Ani now, when Lsay,an I enld in ar geet Judge Douglas has quoted from—when I say IT think the opponents of slavery qill resist the further epread of it Jace \t where the public mind shal! rest with the belief that (t's in course of ultimate oxtinslion, Ton!y monn to tay that they will piace It where the foun- dors of thie government placed ft. T have sald a bundred times—and i ba back—that f believe there ie no right, apd ongdt tn be 20 inclination, in the people of the tates to eoter into the riave States and interfere with the question of slavery at all. [have raid that always. Judge Dougine bas heard me eny it— aite abundred timer, at loasten fa hundred times, and when it te anid that Tam in favor of totartering with slavery whore ft extets, I know it ig nn warranties by anything I have ever intended, and, as T believe, by anything I have ever said. Tf, by any means, Thave éver ured Ianguege which could ey be 80 con 4 (4g, however, we T never have) I now cor srr‘ fliore the shouts of the Seventh ward deiegaton ; term appiieg property. thing iteelf, I ¢eny thatany man has ever gone ahead me in his ‘devotion to the principle, whatever be mej have Gone in eflcioney in advorating it I think thet T have said it ia your hearing—4uat I beueve egeh individual