The New York Herald Newspaper, January 18, 1858, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 7808. NEWS FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF TRE AMERICA AT HALIFAX. | Faverable Condition of Fiman- vial Affairs. Probable Capture of Canton by the English and French. A New Belgian Minkter to the United Mates, &e, de. deo, ‘The steamship America, Captain Lott, from Liverpoo & half-past ten o’clock, on the morning of the 24 inst. erived at Halifax at ten o’clock om Saturday morning ‘he America bas had strong gales of westerly winis @uring the voyage. She reporta that die passed, Jan. 5, ‘at 7.45 P.M., off Tuskar, the steamship Europa; alho passed, Bn. 16, ot 7.25 P.M., steamship Niagara. \ The advices are three duys later than those received by the Notth American at Portland. ‘The America did not throw overboard, off Cape Race, a @bepatch for the Associated Press. ‘The America brings $0,615 in specie for Boston. Among the passengers by the America are Madame ‘ots Montez, Countess of Landsfelit, (who was recently ‘wmrried to the Prince Shalesixy in Paris) and sufte; Col. Charles Burgthal, of Philadelphia, bearer of despatches for fe Unked States government from Paris, md Mr. All!- ‘Done and family, af Phiadelphia. ‘The Amorica brought 142 soldiers and 2 officers of the Sixty second Fégiment, for Halifax. ‘The political news by this arrival is not of an important @escription. Financially, it is quite favorable. There ‘was a continued growing ease in the English money market, ‘Wut no reduction of the rate of interest by the bank had taken place. ‘The holidays had checked all kinds of business. Little ‘or nothing had been doze fogiseveral days. ee ee oe ‘om the marriage of the Pri ral, appears in the @vurt Ciroular. The wedding is definitely fixed for the ‘26th of January. The London inees reviews the report of the United ‘States Commissioner for Indian Affairs, and endorses the policy which looks to she civilization of the Indians in America. ‘The process of working down towards the water will be formally commenced, for the sixth time, to-day or Mon- day. No less than eleven presses are fixed against the ft cradle and ten against the forward one. One of the former is of enormous strength and dimensions. ‘The Arieci left Southampton on the 31st December, having been detained a day behind her usual time, on account of fe dense fog at Havre. ‘The Amerioe sailed from Halifax for Boston at two @closk on Sayurday afternoon, where she will be due at- twe o'clock A. M. to-day. Thick snow, which would poon turn to rein, was falling; and a strong south-east galo Diowing. FINANCIAL AFFAIRS. On the 30th ult. there was a slightly increased demand for money tomeet the requirements at the end of the year; and also a more extensive inquiry sprung up fer eitver to export to India, which gave rise to an impression that a reduction of discount would renew the drain to the Fast. ‘The terms of a loan proposed to be raised by the Nor- wegian government are understood to havo been ar- vanged with Baring & Co. The loan will be small, but the precise amount is not fixed. On the 3iet ult. some little disappointment was felt that further reduction in the rates of discount was not made By the Bank of England; bat it was enppoaed that the ‘measure was postponed until after the payment of the January dividends, and there was only a slight demand for movey at the bank. No new failures had occurred, and the ycar closed more favorably than was anticipated. ‘The West India mail steamer had arrived, with over 81,000,000 in specie. ‘The joint stock banks have reduced their rate of allow- fence on deposits to four per cent. ‘The British revenue returns for the yoar show a de- crease in the receipts for the last quarter of about eight hundred thousand pounds sterling, and a decrease on the year of about one million eight hundred thousand pounds merling. This decrease principally arises from reduced ‘taxation, altnough the commercial depression hada mate- rial influence towards the close of the year. ‘The Times City Article, of the 2d inst. says;—The year has commenced favorably in al! stock markets, and console havo experienced a further improvement of nearly abalfper cent, the last price to-day being exactly the game as that on the Ist of January, 1867. At the bank, notwithstanding the approach of the 4th the demand for discount isvery light, In the open market the rate for the best dills ranges betwoen 63g aT percent, This being New Yoar’s day vo business has been transacted on ‘any of the Continental bourses. At Hamburg the rate of discount bas declined to 4\4 per cont. Only about £10,000 in gold was taken at the bank to-day. ‘The £450,000 from Australia by the Suffolk has arrived in London, and is expected to be sold to the bank. The Royal Mail Steamship Company have received telegraphic advices of the arrival at Suez, on the 27th ult., of the City of Sydney, with aturther supply of £195,000 from Aus. trae ‘ INDIA. ‘The Calcutta mail, as late as duc, had reached Londen. ‘The details of news add little additional information of fmportance. The accounts of the relief of Lucknow are meagre. The lose of the rebele between the 13th and Ith of November, is estimated in one account at 7,000. OPERATIONS AGAINST CANTON. ‘The United States frigate Minnesota reached Hong Kong om the 5th of November. Mr. Reed, United States Minis ter, was landed on the 7th, under « salute from the fort and aguard of honor. The United States steamer San Jacinto, and the sloops evant and Portamouth were also at Hong Kong on the 15th November. ‘The London Times says—By the present time, proba- Diy, Canton has been attacked and captared. Tt hae ‘been determined to make the dispute entirely local. Should the Emperor answer the capture of Canton by the ‘expulsion of the English traders from Shanghae, then, in deed, matters will grow serious; but should he determine fhat the Canton Governor and mob have been justly punished, it is posrible that hostilities may be confined to the operations which were te be commenced in the South. ‘The British force seems to be rufficient for the purpose of retribution at Canton. “In a few days,’ says our corres- pondent, ‘we may reasonably expect to have 700 gume end 7,000 men in these waters. Of the latter wo shall be able probably to land 4,000." The “blue jackets’ ‘wore Doing drilled for service on land. We learn that the French have also determinod to resort to hostilities against the Chinese. It should be understood before- hand thet such a union is by no means analogous to tho combined operations in the Crimea. There is no military convention. Baron Gros has with him a naval force from which be ean land 660 seamen, He has therefore resolved to join fn the oporations against Canton, Thus we shall have the @ingular spectacle of two uations simultaneously prose- Cuting hostijitios against the same people on differen grounde, and without any formal convention or alliance. In fact, the two expeditions may be looked upon as en- tirely separste. It is well understood that the Americans are to retain their position of looking on. According to the advices in tho French papers, the ne- @odtiations ontered into by the English representative with the Chinese government have failed. Persecutions by the Chinese against the Christians were increasing. Sevo- al of the latter had fallen victims. All wae quist ot Hong Kong, and but little business war doing. Exctrange on England 49. 10% 4. to da. Lid. There wan ample tomnage in the port. At Shanghae prices of Lens were without material change, although holders were ce Storing exchange 6s. 7d. to Go. O. NAPLES. ‘The letters from Nay ‘ee give graphie dotaiis of the late earthquake, Official aco.wnte leave no doubt that several thoneands perished, and eowWe estimates go as high ag Jon to twenty thousand, MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, JANUARY 18, 1858. FRANCE, ‘The Paris Constitutionnel boldly defends the system which the French government have adopted, of purchas- ‘mg negroes on the coast of Africa and carrying them to compulsory service in the French Antilles, and argues ‘that in no other manner can prosperity be restored to them, add ridicules the opposition of English philanthro- Piste. However, a despatch from Paris says there is no doubt that the Emperor will not renew the contract for supplying the French colonies with negroes. Mr, Spence, United States Minister at Constantinople, arrived in Paris on the 28th. ‘The French government has recognized the “nargo @ Affaires of Buenos Ayres, thereby disposing of the re- ports current of hostile feelings on the part of France to- wards Buenos Ayres. ‘The Emperor had been unwell, but had recovered. BELGIUM. ‘The Moniteur announces that M. Blondel, who was re- cently expelled by the Turkish government from his posi- tion as Belgian Charge de’Affaires at Constantinople, bas Deen appointed Belgian Minister Resident to the United States, in the place of M. Bosch, who goes to Constan- ‘tnople. SARDINIA. 2 ‘The Sardinian Parliament is about to deal with tho c)eri- cal interference in the Jate elections, and will malo moral Pressure ay well as physical Yiolence invalidating defects in candidates, SPAIN. A lettog from Spain says that % appears certain that the Spanieh government will consider the mediagon of Eng- Jand and France in the Mexican affair as broken off if Mexico does not accept its conditions. In consequeuce of this resolution preparations are being actively made, both in the Spanish ports and Qube, for an expedition against Mexico. PRUBSIA. A Berlin jetter says that the American cris's caused such eerious effects on the commerce of Thuringen that the government of Weimar thought it necessary to con- voke an extraordinary session of the Diet to reguiate commercial affairs. Arokia, which is the principal town of the Grand Duchy, contains a great number of stocking weaving establishments, the productions of which are ex- ported to the United States via Hamburg. AUSTRIA. ‘The Emperor of Austria has authoraied the Chamber of Commerce and Trade, of Trieste, to forma Joint Stock Bank with a capital of one million pounds sterling. :TURKEY. It ia said that the Porte before consenting to the cutting of the Suez Canal, demande the evacuation of Perim. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MONBY MARKET, The London money market was slightly easier, dis- counts being very freely effected at 7. 8 per cent. Con- sols for account closed at 944; a 9494. bullion in the Bank of England had mcreased £701,600. Messrs. Baring Bros. quote bar silver at 5s. 124d., and dollars, no- minal, at bs. 05d. Eagles 768. 25d. AMERICAN SECURITIES. Megsrs. Baring Brothers report business limited at pre- vious rates. Messrs. Bell & Co. report an improved de- mand, and all descriptions slightly advanced. The follow- ing quotations are given:— U. 8. 6’s of 1867-8 and U. 8. 6’ bonds of 1868...101 2103 Maryland 5’s, bonds... 88 a 90 Massachusetts 6" 96 a 98 Pennsylvania 5’8........ 71a 73 Pennsylvania 5's, bonds, 1877 80 a 82 Mg mae 6's, 1806., 78 a 80 5 78 a 80 Tdis. 9 84 a 86 55 a 60 70a 74 80 a 82 90 a 92 a18 dis. 40 a 42 4a 45 Tjnows Central RR. shares New York Central RR. shar LIVERPOOL COTTON MARXET. ee ee sn a which, however, only comprised ye, owing to jidays) rere 40,000 ales, including § $0 on speculation | 2,000 for export. advance one quarter of s penny on the week had a The sales of Thureday were 10,000 bales, of which 2,000 were on speculation and 1,060 for export, the market closing buoyant and with » upward tendency. The follow- — Pair, Middling. 6% 6% 67-16 6% be my 6 6-16 6 official account of the stock in port at the end of the year shows 400,000 baies, of which 199,000 wore Ameri. ean, The actual stock was steadily in exeess of the esti- ing are the qi Orieans, LIVERPOOL BREADSTUFFS MARKET. wince the departure of the North American. Flour dull: Western canal, 23. a 2is. 6d.; Philadelphia and Baltimoro, 248. a 268.’ 64.; Ohio, 268. @ 27s. Wheat quiet but firm: Red, 68. 3d. a 7s. 3d., and Ta. €d. for choice; white, 8s. 10d. a Sa. yellow, 834, 6d. ; white, 37s. a 388, LIVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET. Corn dull: mixed and Tho circulars rej deef quiet, but with more enquiry, however. Pork jl. Bacon quiet, but with a better feeling. Lard dull and nominal, Tallow in more de- mand—sales at 53s. a 63a, 3d, LIVERPOOL PRODUCE MARKET. Regarding produce, the information ie meagre, the markets having been mostly closed. The Brokers’ Cir- cular ie to ite cotton statement. Ronin was dull at de. $d. a 8. 10d. for common. Sugar firm. Coffee Poy Ashes dull and prices unaltered. Spirits tarpen- tine firm at slightly higher rates—salen at S36. Linseed oil dull at 208. Philadelphia bark §@. 6d., and Baltimore dull at 7s, No other articles are reported. LONDON MARKETS. Mesers. Baring Brothers report iron firm, with a bettor demand, at £6 for rails and bars. Breadetuffe quiet but steady; white wheat 460. a 4%. ; red do. 428. a 46.. Flour ‘24s. ad6s. Sugar at an advance of Is. 6d. a 2a. Coffee firm and 1s. . Fish oils—Sales unimportant. Linseed oil slightly better; sales at 208. Rice firm. Sait- petre firmer. Tallow firte at 65s. Tea very firm and slightly bigher—Congou Is. 3d. Spirits turpentine steady STATE OF TRADE IN MANCHESTER. The advices from Manchester are favorable, a slight improvement in prices having taken place, HAVRE MARKETS. for the week ending Dec. 30, says: —Cotton anu tendency. Sales of the week, 6.600 . + 77,000 do. New Orleans tres ordina: O4f. Breadstuffs quiet. Ashes firm. Coffee steady. Pro. visions very dull, and all descriptions considerably lower. Rico dull abd slightly lower. oils dull. Whalebone neglected. Sugar frm. Lard dull. Tallow firmer, During the absence of the Lie it Governor, Hon. — B. Halsted, preeides over the deliberations of the nate, Lieut. Carroll, 10th United States Infantry, arrived in St. Louis on the 1oth inst., by the Pacific , direct from the army at Fort Bridger: He left Col. Johnston's command on the ist of December, and is bearer of des- patches to Washington, from Col. Johnston. Hon. D. Fish, of Rensselaer, of the Assembly, proceeded home as usual, Wednesday » In from the cars his foot sli and” in fall, bis back was severely strained. Nothing serious is expected to result from the accident; but he will probably be kept from his feat in the Assembly for several days, Hearing of he accident, Mr. Engs, of New York—in imitation of the courtesy which haa thna far memorably distinguished the intercourse of members—kindly consented to pair off with Mr [Fish until Wednesday next, unless he is sooner able to return. P rap tny 4 ——, i failed La arent hang | In the United States Senate, has engaged in the practice the daw at St. Paul, 4 ARRIVALS. From Mobile and‘Havana, in the steamship Phi ladelphia— Trot J Molina, Mr Dusny, & a a Dally, W i Rimmona, Mra Louies Hall, James Coadoll, Alfred Drinkwater, John Henry. F. telope, ‘Mra Alexander, Mr and wife, H P Hermany, C Hilaton, J Kuhner, M Baimas, J Ace, L. Roab. itta, in ship Wm J Morrie—Mr Graham and wife, From Calcutta, {1 1, olny Paras etd Maat to Pr Be — aan in brig T M Mayhow—Mosers F L Gode From Maranbam, in schr Maria—Joaquin J Mender DRATH OF CAPT. BUM A letter from Fort Seah informe us bie ‘States army. . Ho ie bealth faite _——— Depary Onservarory—Mr. Terri1’s Cowmr.— ‘The comet discovered at the ; "0 and follows:— 1858, Jan. 14, 2h. 67m. Albany sidereal time. Right ascension Oh. 27m. 2a. 4: Declination North 30° 7’ 2” by 9 com with delta Andromede, The comet nearly globular, bpt faint, IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO. ‘Bacubaya. Vera Cruz, San Luis, Guanajuato, Hieboacan and Oaxaca Threatened by the Pronanciades, DEFEAT OF THE REACTIONISTS AT PUEBLA. Address of Dictator Comonfort to the People, — &e. OUR VERA CRUZ CORRESPONDENCE. ‘Vera Snvz, Jan. 3, 1858. Oomonfort Accepiathe Plan of Tecubaya—New Views of this Plan—Recantation and Rejection—Don Ignacio de la Llave— Ohurch Movements—Comonfort Offers to Re sign—Don Benito Juares—Astounding Proposals of a Church Jourtial—IUness of Mr. Forsyth— Vessels in port, de., de, ‘You will have recetved full accounte of the late pronun- ciamiento at this place, at the capital, and at other points, tm support of the plan prodlaimed at Tacubaya on the 17th December by General Zuloaga and his brigade. The next thing in order is the manifesto of President Comonfort on the momentous oocasion, dated 19th Decem- ber, atransiation of which, done in tolerable English, I send you herewith. t make no comments upon this docu- ment. It speaks for itself. Besides, lam a mere histuri- ographer of events, and by no means a commentator. I would suggest, however, that you republish the “Plan” of Ayutla cheek by jow! with this remarkable State paper. The Plan of Tacubaya carried everything before it for @ few days; but presently people began to reflect, and in less than a week’s time saw through the dodge. In short, that which many proclaimed at first to be a medida salvadora, or sort of pacification bill, now stands revealed in its true colors as a deep laid plan of the conservadores by which again to grasp the reins of power, re-establish religion y fueros, and, perhaps, recall General Santa Anna. The Puros, “smelling a mice,” or rather seeing an over- grown rat, have risen in their majesty, and we are now in & precious hubbub. Here in Vera Cruz the adhesion to the Plan of Tacubaya has been recanted, and war to the knife proclaimed against the enemies of constitutional government. As I am nei- ther a commentator nor a critic, I will say nothing of that happy facility with which this people can swear to sup- port a constitution one day, abjure it the next, and on the third return to it again. A residence of some years con- yinces mo that foreigners can never understand this people, and that they understand themselves the writer very much doubts, Let us, therefore, rather pity and sympathiac with them, instead of ridiculing their misfor- 1e8. In many States the Plan was immediately rejected with scorn. Among those States we find already San Luis Po- tosi, Nuevo leon and Coahuila (Vidaurri’s jurisdiction), Tamaulipas, Guadalajara, Michoacan, Guanajuato, Quere- taro, Zacatecas, Durango, Chihuahua, Oaxaca, and it is pro sumed Guerrero—or rather old Juan Alvarez, who is in himeelf Guerrero, of course. We have not yet heard from the Southeast, but the same result is expected. Thus you see the famous Plan is left with rather a forlorn hope, and Comonafort may be regarded as politically dead, unless, imdeed, he turns about, too, and pronounces against him- selt—by no means a novel expedient in this country. In fact, what elee can be expected of the great vindicator of constitutional goverament, after having falsified all his pledges and throwing himself bodily into the arms of the conservadores? es ‘The result bas been ba-yon n about in this State mainly through the example and influence of Ignacio de la Liave, of Orizaba. This is the gentleman who rendered such signal service some two and a half years ago in the revo- ution against Santa Anns. Hoe was, in fact, very instra- mental in aiding to drive that chief out of the country. He was for a brief period last year a member of the Cabitiet, and was also clucted a Judge of the Supreme Court of Jus- tice. I give this brief note of him because he is destined to make a figure in the impending struggle. Versoually— i. ¢., physisaNy—he is as little like a Mexican as possible —reminding one very much of a Pike county Missourian. Party lines being now strictly drawn, I would say, were itin any other country, thata desperate civil war is at hand; but in Mexico we cannot reason by comparison or from analogy. The cosas de Mexico are sui generis, and the writer would not be surprised to see the whole alfair end in amoke, by another compromise and a pretended frater- nization. But how can that be? The Chursh and conser- vadores have been a little two precipitate—the Archbishop having already shown the cloven foot, by taking stepe for the reclamation of all tho property sold under the Ley Lerdo—the law, you will recollect, for the seculgrization of the church property. Cortainly the most illustrious prelate has been rather brash in this matter. A very reliable correspondent at the capital writes me, under date of December 31, that Comonfort had offered to resign Ere. {to the bands of Juarez— a wd among puros—but that the latter declined the proffered honor. Re it remembered that this is the identical Senor Juarez whom the same Comonfort imprisoned ten days ago for refusing to give his adhesion to the now famous Plan which has oocasioned all the row. Cosa de Mericv again. Don Benito Juarez (pronounced Wharres, or Hoo-ar-res,) is not unknown to the readers of the Hexaup, He js nearly, if not quto afull blooded In dian, and ig said to be entirely self-oducated—having much improved his mind during & protracted exile somo years ago—the greater part of which he spent at New Orleans. The writer, wandering last year among the mountains in the southern part of the State of Oaxaca, &o. ke being on a tour in search of things pictu ue by either nature or art, chanced to pass some days at the quaint old Indian town of San Juan Guichicovi. is the capital of & petty tribe called the Mije (pronounced Meeh)—said to be the most degraded civilized (7) natives in the repub lie. With a laadable thiret for information he extrasted all that was curions to know from the venerable Cure, or parish 4. Sufllee it to say that he learned, among other things which will not be writ here, that Don Benito Juarez was a native of that village; that he ran away at the tender age of fourteen, a balf naked, untutored little savage. Turning up at the city of Oaxaca, he became ia the course of time a General, Governor of the State, Presi- dent of the Supreme Court of Justice, Minister of State, and has refused the Presidency. But pardon this digres- sion. Pending all these troubles, various plans have been suggested by which to harmonize matters and ‘save the country.” Among the most notable of these is that pro- poms y The Cross, a paper published at the Holy City of Puebla of the Angels, as follows :— 1. To expe! all foreigners, for it is these and those alone who have vitiated our customa and corrupted our people by propagating immoral and impiour maxims. 2 To all porta, with the single exception of that of Vera Cruz, in the enine manner as was practised in the time of the Spanish government. 3. To prohibit absolutely the importation of all species Of cotton goods, of cotton and wool mixed, and of cotton and thread do. To probibit all books printed abroad, hardware, giase, porcelain, and generally everything that cap be manufactured, howsoever imperfectly in the coun try. ‘4. To re-establich the monopolies and magazines of eup- ples = the same basis upon which they existed in the year 1810. ‘ 5. To reduce the number of newspapers, and to os. tablish a preventive censorship—confiding this care to™ commission to be composed of members taken frum the venerable clerical corps. 6. To prohibit the instruction of youth by the laity, and to confide that exclusively to the religious orders—re.es- tablishing firrt the admirable Corapany of Jeans. 7. To double or triple the export duty upon eilver— whether coined or ip as to prevent the extrac tion (from the country, no doubt) of this precious metal. 8. To restore to force the laws that existed in 1800 with rogard to eyed ) ane eee majorities, (meaning pris |, I presume, successions (to property, bo deus %: To abrogate immediately all laws, resolut'ons and decrees which have been given sinor the yoar 1821 to thie day, and which attack, directly or indirectly, the sove- reigmty, My sy, fueros, or immunities of our mother the Holy Church. 10. a the Acordada for the pursuit and chastisement of criminais. ‘Those are ail the articies in the beantiful me, and I refer you to the remarks of the Trai d' Union news- paper therenpon. , Of minor matters, you will glean from the that robberies and murders on. the highway are on the increase. ‘The attempt that waa made some days ago to aasanainate the British Minister is still a sutyect of conversation. By Amoricans appear to have & mania for ra netances. yr the Amer Mr. Forsyth, American Plenipotentiary, has been very ill for near a fortnight, but is now improving American vessels in port-—Bark Rapid, for New York; echooner James J. Day, for New Orleans. Sailed let inst., schooner Narraganset, for New Orleans. TRANSLATIONS FOR THE HERALD. [From La Prensa of Havana, Jan. 9. By the steamer Clyde, arrived this morning, we are in ieoats tne Dalene mtoreotng ae asa tami news »— Letters trom Vers Oran state that the Spanish steamer Mexico did not touch at Sisal on account of that port being blockaded by five vessels belonging to the inaurrectioniat forces of Campeachy. tho death of the valiant patriot Ta Pos i the wile ela nevupaper to be published, ie of a fo0n pa whore I Bart will be directed by the colebratad ae Pe. ) Forilla. from Cordoba etates that that city, Orizaba, Huatusco and Coscomatepec have protested against the Plan of Tacuyabs, snd that 3,000 men have beew put under There are some arms and are in possession of five pie ves of artillery. The meceasary fortifications ara being made. Tt {6 asserted that his Fxcellency Gen. Parrodi issued a deeree by which he grants a reduction of twenty-five per cent fu the duty on all merchandise im} by the ports of the Pacifie, and prohibits the pone ore focal vg the ports of Vera Cruz, Tampico and f uy the authority faatares tatire dispolving, has issued, of Mth ult., a decree containing the following pen 1, The State of Guanajuato does not obey the govern- mane created, in ste athe raceme of ¢ brigade Zuloaga. other confede- ration are called upon to form a league to re-establish con- stitutional order. 3. Don Anastasio Parrodi is nominated General-in-Chief e forces of the and vested as may judge General are 5 ver rn the Plan of General Zuloaga is declared guiky of THE AYUNTAMIENTO OF THE CAPITAL OF THE PRESB AND SOVERBIGN STATE OF SAN LUIS POTOSI TO ITS CITIZENS. Sun Lav Porost, Dec. 23, 1887. You are already acquainted with the execrable defec- tien ‘ited inf Tacubaya by the rebel General Zuloaga bimeo¥ at the bead of his brigade; you knaw that, forfe hishonor, and by means of the most detestable perjury, he prevends to evslave and to deliver us up to the rage of the eternal cnemtes of our Ifbexty; you are al- ready ‘Acquainted with what are the sentiments of the ho- le lature and government of the State with re- abominable events; you know that they are So ERE Loam to-cabenit to the galling tyrao- proc) é ‘Therefore. , citizens, your representatives in the fy thecapita) nourish the same sentiments a and in this solemn hour declare their resol to resist by all means at their disposal those traitors until they obtain a complete triumph of liberal principles; they have faith in God and the futnre and know that God will protect so just a cause. Monterey and Tamaulipas, Guadalajara and Michoacan, Guanajnato and Queretaro, San Luis and Zacatecas, Du: raogo and Chihuahua, all are preparing with the greatest activity 40 destroy the tyrants, and fo re in the face of the worlé that the Mexicans have dignity and honor; that if for a long time they have been involved in civil war, it waa because they wished to conquer in it their. liberty, and when God at last rewards their efforts they will not loose ene such a precious good. Fellow.citivens, unite round your government and we shall triumph. Let our watchword be “the Constitution of 1857 or death,” and the traitors will be annihilated, covered with ignominy. Prefect Francisco L. de Nava as President; Franciseo Facalante, second; Francisco Cofrea, third; Antonlo Her- nandez, fourth aloalde. Regidores—Diego Montante, Luis Loyano, Rito Flores, Francisco Cosio, Hilario Tena, Ramon Calvilla, Jesus Rodriguez, Hilario PrietoAnge) Sanchez, C. Beltran, I. Montoya, ”” Procuradores—M. Oviedo, Silverio Lopez.. Secretary— F. M. Garcia. OTHER NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. [From the Mexican Extraordinary, Dec. 23.) PRESIDENT COMONFORT’S ACCKPTANCE OF THE PLAN OF TACUBAYA. ‘Tue Cex Taxacto Comonrort, PROVISIONAL PRESIDENT or THe RePURIIC, TO Bs CoMPATRIOTS— Mexicans—The general will is the supreme law of the nation, the only legitimate criterion of its fundamental in- stitutions, and the sole guarantee of stability of every con- stitution, As the chief of the army, restorer of liberty, prociaimed at Ayutla, on the Ist of March, 1854, I do not believe that I did more than to follow the impulse of a Rationa) revolution, than to have co operated for the exe- cution of a pian which was the vote of the whole republic, and for the realization of a programme’which was that of liberty of the people. Faithful to my compromises as @ soldier and a citizen, and zealous, as the chief, of the strict observance of the prescriptions of that same plan, I did not propose myself any other course of conduct, any , any other guide in the direction of public jther in the ministry, which was unter my charge, or in the Presidency confided to me a very few after the installation of the new government, than the exact fulfilment of the basis which had been adopted by uniform opinion throughout the republic, ren- dered by the triumph of the revolution the frst and gole fundamental jaw for the re-organization of the powers and the establishment of the constitution. The meeting of the representatives elected by the people to form the consti- tution, must have occupied exclusively the attention of go- vernment, and it succeeded in seeing the result of its most active measures in the opportuae iustalla'ion of the con- stituent Congress. Its seesions might havo been held with security and calm, without avy fear of the least incident attacking its free deliberations during the whole period of ite duration, and this because the representatives dedi- cated themselves to their interesting object depending on the guarantee of the supreme authority, and reposing con- fidence on the nationa) opiwion. Government desired nothing more *han to observe in the wuigation of the new cl yr tite bappy c.mplement ef the revolution, and the hopes of the people centred in the ability and tact of their representatives encharged with the task of forma. lizing the nationa) ideas ip the new institations. Dar those days of crisis for our society, the attention of all political parties, of all honest men whe discharge a duty in taking @ part in the great events of their country, bad been riveted uj Congress. It was neither the form of government or tbe organization of the supreme powers, the aystem of the future administration, nor any of these questions, of a preliminary character undoubtedly, but somo expressly resolved and others safficiently indicated im the Plan of Ayutla, that excited doubtfulness, a general anxiety while the labors of the Chamber were beit tinted in the bosom of the commission : no, it was that fear, that mistrust inseparable from the interest of all societies, and which is is just and proper they ehould have in those moments when they are to adopt for the future those con- stitationa} principles which are to [oe — creed, iberty, ir per. possessions. their customs, their habits, their sonal security and the ownership of their The Plan ef Ayutla contained the solemn promise of guar antees, and the Mexicans were in hopes of seeing them consigned ‘D @ true and faithful declaration which should be the expression of their will. Tt was not ao: hardly had the first perusal of the project presented by the commission commenced to give publi city w the domincering ideas in the Constituent Congress, when symptoms of diggust and disapprobation of the most prominent character appeared. Notwitnstanding, govern: ment, fearing to contewe the expression of the national wishes with what might have possibly been tho ogpoai- tion of a party, an enemy to reforms, very far from at. tending to those insinuating manifestations, it took the greatest pains to co-operate, preserving at any cost public tranquillity, a very difficult object unter © circum. stances, to the termination of labora which, aa it bas just been stated, ought to have been the complement of the revolution. The project was diecussed in the House in the midst of public disgust and agitation, which, if not sutficiently de- ‘monstrated, it was from fear of the reprevsive powers with which government was invested, and which |t oppor. tupely used to remove all the obstacles which might have resented themselves to the free functions of . us was the debate terminated, and without any diminu: tion of thore unfavorable symptoms to the adoption of the fundamental law the decisive moment arrived when it had to be sanctioned. Goverament net only swore to ita obeervance, but was oMiged to separate from their places: those employés who, affrigbted by public opinion or ad- vised by their own conscience, refuse! to swear it. Notwithstanding these obstacles, whith appeared insu. perabie, the functionaries emanating from the new cote organized themselver, for the last hope of the executive must be that ail the functionaries, reduced to the preciso circle of their duties, they ebould establish order in their respective localities, which la the necessary consequence of 4 constitutional rystem. ‘This last hope, not only of the gevernment but also of the people, was net less vain and deiusive. Some of the State Legislatures were the first to disregard and infringe tbe code which had just been ganctiored. Some of them inened laws revoking the general ones or upou matters wholly reserved to the general Congress of the Union, and others attacked the securities of private y by va rious dispositions, and even that which guaranties life; in ome places denying obedience to the orders which the executive dictated in the orbit of hie attribntes: finally, under the shade and shield of legality, a silent and deep anarchy was establiehed in fact, which deprived the gene- ral government in a few weeks, from making use of those physical and moral resources apd tacyjties to combat the revolution and preserve public order. Congress itself waa convinced of the necessity to act in a wider sphere, and it showed it by suspending some of the individual guaranties as well as by delegating the legisiative power to the Eeasestve, in what concerned the departments of War and inance. After a two yeare of obstinate strife, raising armies, ex- pending large eums, and struggling in all directions, go- vernment could v0 longer doubt the character of ‘that opposition, whose vigor could not be vanquished either by fortune or force of arma. The moment at last arrived in which the constitution was only sustained by the compulsion of the authorities; and being persuaded that T could not advance any further to render it effective, without visibly sacrificing the de- sires of the republic, I resolved to piace it in other hands, which might save it’ from so critical ® situation: but { was prevented by grave considerations that came stonce to my mind. withdrawing from the scene at thore moments and jeaving the functionary who was to succeed me evidently exposed to be disregarded, the reason why, perhaps he was ob)! Not to accept 1 e charge when { decided to resign it in his person, ali authority would be wating at once, since the States, by the same organization of system, are entirely alike in political im; 0, which is to say that none of ‘them bad a right of preference to re-aseume the obligations and incumbencies of the govern- ment of the Union; and there being not among the reac- tionary chiefs one that could make himmeit obeyed by the others, I could not resolve to take this step, which aj a A PRICE TWO CENTS. Perhaps this bas been sn antimely step. The voice of the who have initiated this ig not the echo of @ faction, nor does it proclaim the exclusive triumph of any ‘ty. The nation repudiated the new 1@ troops have done nothing but to gub- mit to the national will. i t i e i i Hy country. peace and welfare; and the end, ‘tions, is to corr d, to the best of ae jence Ww on various a po one iM pes tn ft my power. ie advice of a Council, composaed of those persons who may offer the best guarantee to socioty, by their Knowledge, probity and patriotixm, shall moderate tho ex- ercige of the discretional facultles which may be absolutely nation ay yremain witout conmting nl mi, whiok period wit wethe Ono siabpnp ty ‘This body wil! occupy itself in its first sessions in form- ing the provisional law which is to be observed, until the constitution be promulgated and the el ‘al law given. Tt is far frm my intentions to Judge men who are to 00+ cupy the new posts of the administration by the political shace of the banner under which they tmve formed their opinions; capacity, hohesty, knowl and for the public good, are to be found im ail parties and g all classes, and it is a foe on my part to call upon those who may be called by public opinion for some public service, to answer tothe summons when their co-operation may be required for the formation of a good government. Tad the political spirit in these circumstances any othar object, it would not only be difficult but impossible to arrive at the end proposed by the forces who have iuitiated the movement and the States which have seconded the Since I commenced to take a part and have connection with public affairs, 1 sincerely believed that by the docile character and simple manners of our people, it. was neces- sary that it should be guided by liberal principles, and fol- low, as far as possible, the path through which other nations have reached to prosperity and aggrandizement; therefore, it cannot be presumed, that this change, at the head of which I find myself by circumstances almost inde- pendent of my wishes, shor career of wise and prudent ; but at the same time I must consign in this document % an explicit mann¢r, that dyging the period I may exercise any authoriiy,.no mea- sure shall I dictate which may attack either the conscience or the belief of citizens, for I judge that true liberty and the respect due to the custome and traditions of the people can be easily conciliated. Liberty and religion are the two principles which form the happiness of nations. Many of the grave religious questions having been ter- minated by the Plan of ubaya, which does not ac- knowledge the constitution of 1857, and which arose from some of its articles, there still exist the difficulties reia- tive to the law of the 25th of June upon mortmajning the property,of corporations. On this head, government will endeavor to tranquillise the conscience of the citizens, con- ciliating the object of the reform with the legitimate ‘inte- rests of the corporations and those of private individuals. If Providence, who rulos the destinies of pro- tects the good intentions of which I am possessed, 1 trust that the acts of the provisional administration shal) jus- tify more than my words, the conduct which the urgency of circumstances has obliged me to adopt to save re- public from ruin and society from dissolution. Mexico, Dec. 19, 1857. 1. COMONFORT. MOVEMENTS OF THE OLD SCHOOL PRONUNCIADOS. From our correspondents in Puebla, Acatlan and Oaxaca, we learn that the old echool pronunciados have beat their couree towards Oaxaca, Cabos, Moreno, Vicario, Truje- que, Cuellar and the rest are ‘working ‘their reapective columns of veterans towards Oaxaea. They had robbed. plundered, and re robbed and re-plundered the small towns of Southern Puebla, until their chances of getting Any more were very small. ‘Trujeque was at the tail of the migration to the southward. At last advices he had been forced to fly from Huahaupag, a place that had been previously visited by all the other leaders. ‘Acatlan, at last advices, was quiet. That place has been Most unmercifully scoured. Cobos and his like forced Joans from ae had money, not paying the slightest respect for those who claimed to belong to their professed political creed. The most enormous sams were exacted from the commerce, and where the money was not at once paid they seized goods to a still greater value, For further particulars of the movements of these de- stroyers, we refer our readers to the following letters. Every circumstance stated in therm has been corroborated by other letters, and we, therefore, can rely upon their truthfulness :—* OAXACA THREATENED BY THE PRONUNCIADOS. (Corespondence of the Extraordinary. } ‘Oaxaca, December 15, 1857. Since the morning of the 10th instant the inbabitants of this city bave been in a state of alarm at the proximity of the pronunciados, who, under the command of Moreno, entered the town of Nochistlan (only 20 leagues from here) on the %th. Their number is said to be sixteen bun- dred Our cit, state of elege, and under martial £20,000 has been imposed upon ‘“ Comerciantes and Pro- prietarios.’’ ernment Ce are all in the convents of Santo Domingo and El Carmen, the approaches to which are by jes. The oe is now increased tothe number of 1,600 men, by the arrivals of small detachments of National Guards from the neigh. boring towns. Those who, by the payment of the forced joan, have provided the means of maintaining a largo garrison, pe that a part of the money should not be spent in’ defending that part of the city in which they reside, The fact is that the convents of Santo Domingo and FE) Carmen are made capable of sustaining a siege, whilet the mereantilo quarter of the city appears to be left to ite fate, Taball communicate, by next post, anything of interest that may occur, A correspondent informe us that on the Ist of this month there were four slave trading vessels in the port of Cam- peachy, tbat were refitting after having euccessfully land- ed cary of slaves on the Island of Cuba Our corres. pondent says:—It is now a common practice in Cuba to order the slave vessels to fit out at Campeachy, as no Faglich cruisers go there to keep a lookout for them, and tbe authorities there seldom or never inquire who or what is the character of the ship so long as she pays port foes and brings a trade to the port.” ‘The people of Laguna are to the connection of that territory with Yucatan, y wish to be agaim aot apart under a Territorial government. Since the annexa- ton of Laguna with Yucatan the commerce of that place has suffered much from the continued levies made upon it by the different revolutionary parties of the old State, who are never long sa peace, x Areward of is offered for the person who fired upgn Mr. Letteom on Wednesday evening lust, and $100 for each one of the others of the party or for the recovery of the articles robbed. It ts stated that the reprerentatives im on ae count of the late occurrence will bo set at lberty, with the exception of the President of the Chamber, Mr. Olvera, and Mr. Juarez. Mr. Banfet is already free. ‘On the 20th inst. the Plan was ign Age in this city, together with the note addr by General Zuloaga to the Governor of the district accompanying the Pian ‘On the 17th inet., at 8 o'clock, the Plan of Tacubaya was seconded at Cuautia by the section of troops commanded by General Langberg The lan of Tacubaya was seconded in Toluca by Gen. Tapia’s force. [From the Mexican Extraordinary, Dec. 28.) The reactioniets have again met with a moet complete discomfiture that should tell home with a power upon the monde of the breeders of disorder in the land. The cloud that hung over the position of the — at Puebla, when our last issue went to press, been driven away like miet before a hurricane, General Echeagaray, after driving the reactionists from Puebla, lost no time in fol. lowing them up, and from the particulars before us awept down them with Assyrian impetoosity, and has broken up their entire force, routed them with great jose, and taken about 10 The reporte of the engagement give the los of the roac- tioniate as 85 killed and 100 prisoners, with the captare of all their principal munitions and arms. The defeat hae been complete and overwhelming, and thas we see that no matter how much the government is threatened, ite arme bd grand cause drive everything before them and the clouds of to-day pass away to morrow. e me recede from a bas been declared by Government to be in a ww, and a forced loan of —_———— Lorre From 4 Scicin&.—The following letter waa writ- ton just before death bp Mr. Clowes, the young man who lately committed suicide at Richmond. It was written to an eminent member of the ‘manifest destiny’ party in this city, and seems to give a good view of the Southern filibustering temper:— Ricnwosn, Va., Jan. 1, 1958. Dan Geverat—You will doubtless be surprised at re gerne ¢ letter from a ‘filibuster’ here in Virginia, Nev less, #0 it is. Since my return to the ‘States in May last, { have been leading a quiet, civil life, AFFAIRS IN WASHINGTON, The Gossip, News, Corruptions, Fashion and Humbug of the National Capkal, &e. ac. ae. OUR WASHINGTON CORRESPONDENCE. Wasuinaron, Jan. 9, 1858, What the President Thinks of Nisaragua—The Productive- ness of the Country Why Has it not been Appreciated by Peaceful Emigranis—Ihe Weakness of the Government— Row is it tobe Remedied—British versus American En- lerprise—Antipathy of the Government towards Ameri- cans— Policy towards ther own Citizens—The Protection o the Transit Route not a sufficient Remedy—Peacefu Colonization and the Restoration of Slavery the only Means of Regenerating the Country, bc. Our worthy President thinks that if one half of the American citizens who #0 disastrously perished in Nics- Tagua had gone there as peaceable citizens, what we alt #0 much desire would have been accomplished. It may bo interesting to inquire why they did not do #0? Why is it that ope of the finest countries in the world, once highly cultivated, and tying along one of the great high- ways to our extensive possessions on the Pacific, and through which thousands Of O8@ gperprisin: countrymen have for years Deen accustomed & puss, has been sufféred to grow ap in weeds and bushes, when its products are just what these possessions moat neod? WMy is it that our keen-eyed, enterprising countrymen have not .pgs- sessed themselves of the thoumands of old vstates, aod tho rich mines of goM, silver, copper and iron—once, when slavery existed thers, profitably cultiva@l and worked, but now partially or entirely abandoned to nature, and which could ttave been purchased on @me for lees than the cost of opening new plantations and mines? Many of these mines are proverbial for their richness and natara) facilities for working. Any of these estates will produce from eight to twelve crops of sugar from a single planting. They will also produce—and same of them do prodace— cocoa, coffee, rice and tobacoo, all of superior quality, be- sides cotton and tropical fruits and vegembles in abundance. Many of these products bear better prices in Nicaragua than 4 do in New York or any of our At- lantic cities. Why is it that these estates and mines, or aé Jeast a number of them, were not already, at the date of thore unlawful expeditions that are said to retard our pro- grees in that quarter, in the hands of our enterprising and progressive countrymen? Any one practically acquainted -with Central America and Central Americans would an- swer, because the causes that have produced the decay of these once flourishing estates and profitable mines still exist, and continue to act alike upon the native and the foreigner; that before either native or foreign ul turists or miners can thrive there mist bea radical cl in the government and policy of the country: that thero must first be established a firm and just government that can and will execute its laws, and afford protection for life and property, which none of the govern- mente that they have had for the last twenty years bas been able, if willing, to do. This inabil- ty, in some instances unwillingness, to oxecute tho laws is universally complained of both by natives and foreigners. Civil law is always slow, sometimes impos- sible, of execution when the case is between natives of the country; when against a native, and in favor of an American, it is seldom if e executed. The criminal laws are still more difficult to enforce, aud never enforced ‘against natives when an American is’ the injured party. All Americans who bave resided in the country are aware of this—some of them painfully so. How shail such @ government a8 is desirable be established? All who are apryny A acquainted with the country know that there i not in the country the material with which to form a stable and just government. The history of the coun! for the last thirty years also proves this. Whence the necessary material come, and how sball it be intro- duced? From the United States say our people, for that is in conformity with manifest destiny and the Monroe doctrine, and by peaceable emigration. British di ‘ may say that does not interfere with British policy or interests, for there is not over half a dozen Yankee net- tlers in all Central America, and the present rulers there are, from motives of interest, as well as trom and religious principles, opposed to them, and will be apt to take very good care that the number does not material- ly increase, whilst we have already several thousands of Britieh subjects there, and noth: to prevent their in- definite increase. We have already several flourish! fettlements upon the coast, principally , it is true, compeastl of Went India negroes and’ mulattoes, but then they are aa much superior to the same races of the interior as the English is superior to the Spanish race in all the elomeats of progress and science of government. Then there is our boy George of Moequitia and bis Indians—thanks to tho efficiency of Britwh agents—rapidly progressing in the arta of civilized life, and ere long will be superior to the de- generate Indians of the interior. Whilst the whole race of the interior is becoming gradually absorbed by tho Indian and negro races there, aud the mixed races Med eae Ga cae = coast, and whilst the racer e interior are gradually retrograding, ours on the coast, under the fostering care of our wise aad good government, are gradually progressing and inet in pumbers, power and influence, and if in any way the warlike propensities of the Yankees and filibusters can be kept down, British policy i# bound to tritm The Yankees will be kept out of Central America, and that is all we ask in that quarter. Who are the Americans that are to peaceably settle in Nicaragua’? Past experience has demonstrated that far- mers and miners cannot make a living there under tho existing order of things. Of merchants and mechanics there are already as many as the agriculture of the coun- try can sustain. How sball the Americanizers make # living there? Shall aid societies be formed, as in the case of Kansas? To effect the abolition of slavery in the State of Alabama by the introduction of em! Ty wit, ‘if not an impossibility, would be a ait slow pro- cere; yet the peaceable Atmericanization of Nicaragua is quite as impracticable as impossible, As the entire South Would oppose sfich a measure if attempted in Alabama, £0 the whole of Central America, and indirectly the whole of Spanish America, will oppose the Amorianization of Ni- caragua in what ever way attempted. As a few thousand abolitionists could, if allowed th ag 6 10 act, induce ‘an insurrection among the slaves of Alabama, soa few hundred Americans settled in Nicaragua and identified with the interesta of the country could and would, by uniting with the democrats there, ready and willing—as the present rulers very well know—to affilliate and share the government with t » Bot only overthrow that go- vernment, but eventually overturn all the other Central American governments: not, however, through the me- jum of the ballot box—for the strength of these govern- mente does not lie there—Dut a la modo Centro Americano, wi et armes. The slavebolder is not more cautious that the loyaity of his slaves be not tampered with by the abo- titonist are the government and clergy of Central America that their people be not politically and religious- la apoetatized by intercourse with the liberal minded apd easive Yankee. As in Alabama, he who is found tampering with #laves is considered a dangerous person in the community and is expelled the State, so in Central America, he who who dares criticise the acta or policy of the government is considered , and expel from the country. In both communities the power of master over bie slave, or of priest and ruler over their vassals and subjects, their pecuniry as well as every other interest, is complete. All is staked upon the lau of their being kept uncontaminated, and as nearly as pos- sible, morally, intellectually and progressively in we Suppose, with whose interests in Nicaragua aro confined to the em By of Nicaragua Transit stock, and who are #0 sure that the protection of this route oor government will restore order and insure are |, by some i] known tnd foreseen only by teee epeculators, thie proven. |, Com yet hecomes necessary. © cerry laborers to cultivate sot! and work the mines, American and miners can do much there, for white men cannot, with safety to themmelves, do this to any considerable extent. The descendants of the former slaves will not cultivate the soil beyond their own immediate and pressing on their own account, nor wfil they do it for others. sides, they have for the last thirty b Ube batties of political and Beh, #s peeeeea, © wes Nh the demand of the small , » enough to 8 indiderent native plantations” Where of laborers be found? Will the protection of the’ supply Lf, p- bas, thas far, been a van Ling mining interests Sey emai “ another, with labor, not only rendered laborers but hae caused the laboring leny. They now require dou! ‘than formerly, and do leee come more demoralized, for they have expended in feasts, Pm end (native rom. nsit route, guarantied b come the panacea, as some Nicaragua bs incurred in years ago, liberated ber #lay: half civilized Indians voters the coustry—for this is reall; +e all intelligent Ni » loee to perce! estore peonage would, in Nicaragvans come much nearer a de done so long aa these races are country was unquestionably: when slavery existed there, come ', Tetrogressive and the and silver mines, then ‘toover a of dollars annum, has since dwindled cipher. agriculture of lees than one tweifth of what Yr ita civilization, has become almost extinet, and HI a § | | i ; H A his i § E BE : i i E i i i i 4 f sh Exg8 i tj i F iiss ia a z i t f t 3 # H } i 3 a it “ Ht fee 4a 5 super! The high lands of Conta Rica, w rece minant, might, if not overrun by forays from the ober