The New York Herald Newspaper, January 6, 1858, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. |** JAMES GORDON WN BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIKTOR. OFFICE NK. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND massav sts. -No. 5 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. moneys vaias THRATRE, Broad eS ab Hirropeama' NIBLO’S GARDEN, “Brosdway—Poxao—Trawt Rorr BOWERY THEATRE! Esu—Jocko. Evening NS THEATRE, Broadway, opposiio streot— por Grated Gur ‘Tacx Ooveuses, mL Fateversno Too geglanone THEATRE, Brow Broadway—Tax Poor 1s Naw LAURA KEERNE’S THEATRE, Broadway—An Unequal Marou a cea ta saa Brag. y—Reusrriax. Lovo en hococuinaawes sattersecn oad m, Afternoon —KQuestar an + BS IN THE ARENA—POTHAM. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Pourwenth street. —Itauian Ormea ® Baneiees vi Sevicuis BARNUM’S AMBRICAN MUSEUM, Broadway —Aftern’ end Brening: Vacanruns anv Onson. ‘WOOD'S BUILDINGS, 561 and 563 Broadway—Guensn Ounurs & Woon's Minsremis—Naw Year Cars, MECHANIC'S a Ally a2 “ena Minsregis —Brmorux soncs—Gorpex Ki New York, ‘Wednesday, January 6, 1898, MAILS FOR EUROPE. The New York Herald—Edition for Ei ‘The Cunard mail steamship Persia, Capt. Judkins, will leave this port to-day for Liverpool. ‘The European mails will close in this city at a quarter Past nine o'clock this morning. ‘The Buropean edition of the Hxralp, printed in French ‘aad English, will be published at half-past eight o'clock in the morning. Single copics, in wrappers, six cents. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the Gisw Yorx Hana will be received at tho following 9 street, East. -Enropean Express Co., 21 Rue Corneille, The contents of the European edition of the Hxnatp wil ®Sombine the news received by mail and telegraph at the fice during the previous week amd up to the hour of pub- cation. Average Dally Circulation of the New York Herald for Each Month tn the Years 1855, 1856 and 1857, with the Highest Day’s Issue 55,283 September 28 . 54,809 +October 3... ...61,2 .55,672 November 7... .71.760 55,411 December 1 October 18... November 5. December 6 2 November 4. sees December 2, Yearly average per day 1855. 18 Yearly average... .53,628 56,358 Increase of 1856 over 185 1857 over 185 1857 over 1855..... The above is exclusive of the Sunday Herald, California Herald, Weekly Herald, and Enropean Herald, Family Herald. ‘The News. The steamship Atlantic, with Liverpool dates to NEW a xicnded reference fs made in the editorial columns, is an unusually important document as re- gards the elaborate exposition it makes of the affairs of the city, but especially with reference to its sug- gestions and treatment of the various questions Growing out of the obnoxious acts passed by the last Legislature. ‘The Central Park Commissioners met yesterday, but nothing transpired of general interest. The Board of Ten Governors met yesterday, and spent some two hours in balloting for a President of the Board for the ensuing year, without any result. Benjamin F. Pinckney, (Know Nothing,) and Washington Smith, (republican,) are the candi- dates. There are now 8,028 persons in the institu- tion; @ greater number than was ever known before — circumstance due to the hard times. The Grand Jury was organized in the Court of General Sessions yesterday, when Judge Russell de- livered a voluminous and able charge, in which he reviewed the acts of his past official career, and de- fended himself against the malicious and unjust at- tacks of certain city journals, He expressed his de- termination to prosecute the editors of those papers if they pefist in misrepresenting the proceedings of the General Sessions. Catharine Connolly was convicted of grand larceny in stealing nineteen watches, val- ued@t $600, the property of Marcus Jacobs. In con- sequence of her previous gBod character she was only sent to the penitentiary fortwo years. Bartholomew Fox was convicted of stealing nine live hogs, worth #120, owned by Jacob Dolby, and sent to the State prison for two years. An interesting letter from Commander Foote to Commodore Armstrong, containing a narrative of his visit in the sloop of war Portsmouth to Japan, may be found in another column. The annual meeting of the Historical Society was held iast evening. The old board of officers was re- elected. A report on the finances of the society shows a balance of several hundred dallars in the hands of the Treasurer. Mr. Benson J. Lossing read avery interesting paper on the organization and personnel of Washington's Life Guard, which was listened to with great attention. There continued to be a considerable want of con- fidence manifiested in foreign bills yesterday for remittance by the Persia, and the market for ster- ling bills was very dull, and closed for good to first class bankers’ names at 8} a 9. At those rates gold coin can only be shipped at a loss, ‘as the quotations are slightly under the par value of exchange, yet a considerable amount of specie was expected to go by the Persia to-day. The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 1,000 bales, chiefly for export, cloging at about 8%c. for mid- diing uplarfis, with some purchases of good do. at about 9c. Flour continued firm, and the sales fully maintained the advance noticed in yesterday’s summary, the market closing with an upwari tendency. The stock in this mar- ket is variougly estimated at from 550,000 to 600,000 bh@ rels. Wheat was steady, with sales of red Southern at $1 12, and of red Tennessee at $1 14, and white Southern at $1 25. The stock of wheat in this market is estimated at about 300,000 bushels. Corn was better and in good demand, with sales of new yellow and white at 59c. a 60s, a Gic., the Iatter figure for new white in ship- ping order, The stock of corn is comparatively light, and there is litte or mo old left in the mar- ket, Pork was heavy, and closed at @ smalt decline. New mess sold at $1485 to $15. Sugars were steady at the recent slight relaxation im prices; and the sales em- braced about 600 hogsheads, chiefly New Orleans, at rates given in another place, and 1,500 boxes for refining on Private terms. A fair business was done in froights. To Liverpool fcorn in bulk was taken at 5d., flour at 2s., cotton at 5-32d,, and rosin at 1s. 94. To London flour was taken at 28. 6d.,and bales of bark at 20s. per ton measurement. Cotton was taken for Hamburg at 7c. a 8c., and a Hamburg bark was taken. up t load with rosin for Hull at 38, The ship Telegraph was chartered in Bos- ton to load with flour at Richmond for Australia, at $2 per barrel. ‘The Impending Political Convulsion on the Slavery Question. We perceive that the comprehensive basis which we have suggested as the true ground of compromise upon which to settle the Kansas dif- ficulty, meets with a cordial respou.e from ra- rious conservative democratic journals, North and South. And why not? From the adoption | of the federal constitution, including the slavery | compromises of that mayna charta, down to this day, as we have shown, every adjustment of the slavery question has been upon this basis of sectional equivalents, or mutual concessions as between the North and the South. And, talk as we may of “popular sovereignty,” the “peo- ple’s rights,” and all such things, the para- mount difficulty in the case before us lies between these two questions: First, what will the North lose by consenting to the admission of Kansas as a slave State; and, secondly, what reparation can be expected by the South for the refusal to admit Kansas withyher pro-slavery constitution? It is well known that even the 25d ult., four days later than preyious advices, is now due at this port. The proceedings of Congress yesterday are im- portant. In the Senate a select committee was or- dered on the claims for indemnity for spoliations by the French. A strong effort will be made during the present session to pass a bill for the payment of these claims, which have so frequently, and at times fmapessfully, been pressed upon the attention of Con- gress. A proposition providing for the appointment of an ambassador extraordinary to Japan was intro- Guced. In executive session the Danish Sound dues treaty was ratified. The House referred the sugges- tions contained in the President's Message to the ap- propriate committees. Upon a motion of Gen. Quit- man for a select committee on that part of Zhe Mes- Rage relative to the neutrality laws, an anfmated de- bate took place, in which the capture of Gen. Walk- ers men, Com. Paulding’s conduct, filibusterism, and Central American affairs generally, were freely Giscussed. ‘The Cabinet held a meeting yesterday. It is un- eretood that Com. Paulding will be sustained in his action against the filibasters, Gen. Walker has written a letter to the President, in which he de- clares his determination to proceed again to Nicara- gua,and the President has caused peremptory or- Gere to be issued to the federal officers at the South to stop all filibustering expeditions if possible. Gen. Walker's men have been discharged from the Paratoga, and tarned adrift to wander about, home less and pennyless. The Legislatore assembled yesterday. All the members of both houses were present. The Senate organized without any delay, Mr. Horatio J. Stowe, of the Twenty-first district, heretofore of undefined political partialities, promptly voting with the republicans, thus enabling them to elect their candidates for Clerk and other subordinate offices. Mr. Mather gave notice of a bill to repeal the Metropolitan Police law. The Honse made but little progress towards organizing, and after three unsucceasfal ballotings for Speaker adjourned. ‘The members of the House are divided into three parties, nainely :- Sixty one republicans, fifty-eight Gemocrats and nine Americans. The Americans hold the balance of power, and up to the hour of adjournment steadily adhered to their candidate. Active negotiations, however, were going on last night by the republicans and democrats to win over Lo their reapective parties a sufficient number of tthe Americans to form a majority. The Governor's Message will of course not becommunicated to the Legisiatare anti] both houses organise. The docu- Ment, however, is given in full in this morning's paper, and our readers will thas be enabled to digest fits contents in advance of its appearance before the I egistatore. Both branches of the Common Conncil met yes terday, when the first message of Mayor Tiemann pon the affairs of the metropolis was sent in and read. The report of the Croton Aquednct Board was also communicated. The message of Mayor * Tiemann, which is published in today's paper, and should be admitted under her Lecompton con- stitution, without modification, restriction, or amendment, she cannot continue longer than a year or so as a flave State, with nine- tenths of her population opposed to sla- very. On the other hand, the repudiation of the Lecompton constitution by Congress will be taftamount to a decree from the North that the institution of Southern slavery shall go no farther—that the old compromise plan of a slave State and a free State is abolished; that there shall be no more slave States; but that the South, henceforth, must depend entirely upon the protecting power and abounding grace of her Northern masters. It is only in this view of the case that we can discover the tremendous contingencies that are involved in this Kansas difficulty. The Le- compton constitution, through a regularly au- thorized election, has been adopted with the slavery clause. By default of the free State party, Kansas has thus been officially organized asa slave State, and as such she now awaits her admission into the Union. Her rejection, therefore, will be a Congressional edict against the South of the moet decisive character; for, from that moment the organic law of the South will be the law of submission—absolute sabmission— to the will ofan overwhelming Northern majori- ty. The prestige of Southers rights and the time- honored principle of Northern concessions will be trampled under foot with the rejection of the Lecompton constitution, and the law of the strong arm will supersede those fraternal obli- gations upon which the Northern and the South- ern States entered into this confederacy. Will the men of the Southern States submit to thie? We may be mistaken, but we appre. hend that they will not submit to the rejection of Kansas a# a slave State; but that they will resist all attempts to set aside this Lecompton constitution with the desperate resolution of men defending the last rampart which lies be- tween them anda fierce and implacable ene- my. We apprehend that the Southern men in Congress have the will and tho courage neces- sary tomake this Lecompton constitution the test question between the Union as it etands and a separate Southern confederacy; but, on the other ride, we are well aware that it will be difficult to secure the Northern men that will be needed as voluntary martyrs to the great cause of sectional conciliation and peace Look, for example, at Mr. Senator Pugp, of Obio. He desires to support the administra- tion; but he desires, also, to keep on the right side of hie constituents. Hence he tries the oft- if Kansas | Vour wn apy re 2UDR ODMNAwL, repeated, but always foolish, experiment of car- rying water om both shoulders, He provides, therefore, in bis bill both for the adoption and the rejection of the Lecompton constitution. But we can tell Mr. Pugh, and all other Northern members of Congress, that they must either support or oppose the Lecompton con- stitution, If they prefer the chances of a re- election to the peace of the Union, so be it ; but if they are ready, like Curtius, to leap into the gulf for the safety of Rome, let them come forward. Every great cause, every great movement, every great principle, every great revolution, in behalf ef kings, nations and peo- ple, has had, and must have, its list of martyrs, voluntary and involuntary. Thus, without going further back, a host of martyrs were re- quired to make good the Missouri compromise of 1820. A respectable catalogue suffered in behalf of the great adjustment of 1850. And who can tell the number—great and small— that perished in behalf of the Kansas-Nebraska bill? Nor should we complain of this; for is not the crown of martyrdom preferable to the robes of office? Henry Clay said, “I would sooner be right than be President ;’? and he had his wish. The election, therefore, with our Northern members of Congress is between the crown of martyrdom and the hope of glory on the one side, and the paltry alternative of a possible re-election to Congress. Can they hesitate which to choose, when the destinies of this great country, and the hopes of its millions of people, may be depending in the balance: We hope not. If the South recede from this Lecompton con- stitution, they will be entitled to no further pity from the anti-slavery fanaticism of the North, and they know it. They cannot recede; they must now maintain their ground, or be forever hereafter humiliated and disgraced. In the pointed and decisive shape which this Kansas question has assumed there is no alter- native but yea or nay. It is now a question which rises above all administrations, all party considerations or party estimates for the Presi- dency. It is an issue between the North and the South, and the simple question involved is, whether slevery shall be anyfurther extended, or shall be permanently restricted within its present limits. Let the North enforce the ad- mission of Kansas as a free State, in addition to the twg other new free States of Minnesota and Oregon, and there will be a Northern balance of power secured in Congress sufficient to pre- vent the admission of any new State asa slave State, come from what quarter she may. We have passed through many convulsions and reyulsions, political and financial, during the last half century; but the sharp and salient point to which this Kansas squabble has been reduced threatens the most perilous of all our sectional agitations. The only ground of a comprehensive treaty of peace is the admission of Kansas as a slave State, as a@ concession to the South, in view of the two new free States of Minnesota and Ore- gon. From the peculiar circumstances of the case, it will be difficult to bring the North to the mark; but from the momentous consequences to the South, which are dependent upon thig set- tlement, the men of the South must stand their ground. The independent and conservative press of the country has pointed out the way to & satisfactory compromise, and we hope that among the wise men of the present Congress the hints thus thrown out will be turned tosome practical account. True, we gave as yet dis- covered no symptoms of practical statesman- ship in this Congress; bat we still have a hope that here and there, in the nick of time a man will be found equal te the demands of the crisis, Mayor Tiemann with us Hanns Fou.—We begin to pity the new Mayor. His post is not a post of ease and comfort. To say nothing of the rush of office beggars, we understand that half the hungry banks of Wall street are pull- ing his coat tails, holding on to the knees of his breeches, and lashing themselves to his shoe strings, in order to attract his attention and se- cure the Corporation deposits, The bank ac- count of the city ranges from half a million to a million and a half. This is a pretty plum for any of the banks to hold, and of course there is a prodigious competition amongst the poorest, meanest and smallest of them to get it. We advise Mayor Tiemann in this dilemma to do what we ourselves have done, and that is, to select the strongest aud least fusey bank of the whole, and to kick all the rest of the hungry dogs into the street. Let him take, for exam- ple, the Bank of Commerce, or some such es- tablishment, and avoid all small concerns, A Revivat or Cernency, Commerce axp Cxixoine.—Strong symptoms of revival in every line are daily manifesting themselves, The bullion in the vaults of the banks is steadily inareasing, and now reaches an aggregate of $30,000,000. Trade and commerce bid fair to start earlier than usual, and one of the strong- est evidences of their revival is always to be noticed in the expansion of crinoline. In this point of view it may be a satisfaction for our readers to learn that the Metropolitan Hotel opens its famous winter hops this evening, by one of the grandest expansions of crinoline that has ever taken place in ite palmiest days. Two thousand invitations have been issued for this |; hop, and the saloons and drawing rooms of the Metropolitan will, we understand, make a great- er display of beauty, flounces and crinoline, in all their various shapes and forms, than has been witnessed in this city on any occasion dur- ing the last six months, Tur Kiva or Prvssta to tux Ry .—Mr. Moran, President of the New York and Erie Railroad, goes out today in the Persia, to en- deavor to raise money in Prussia to save the Erie Railroad from insolvency. It is under- stood that the King of Prussia is a holder of the 1862 bonds to the extent of a million of dollars; Mr. Moran expects that, when his Majesty finds that he got no interest on the Ist of January, and is likely to get no more, and may even lose his principal of his claim, he may fee) inclined to put some more money into the concern, and eubggribe freely to the new oan. If he @oes so, of course his court, who hold the bulk of the balance of the old bonds, would follow his — and the road would be saved. We do not know how this calculation will etrike the old King of Prussia. If rumor speake truth they have embarrassments enough in Berlin without sharing ours. But there is no accounting for royal phantasies, A Lrrenany Excrrement.—The new life of Alexander Hamilton, by his son, John ©, Hamilton—the first volume of which has jyst been iseued by the Appletong—has thrown the WEDNSEDAY, JANUARY 6, 1858, rast This work is literary world Inv ., unigue and original, and » few or 2 leading characteristics L8ve already been devorloyy our columns, The author endeavors to show that the intellect of Hamilton had more influ- ence and control over the Bevolafion than that of any other individual. The historical critics are beginning to wake up all over the fountry, and to pounce down on this view of the revolu- tionary period, which they assail with all sorts of contradjctory theories, refutations, sarcasms and denunciations. Evidently, the life of Alex- ander Hamilton, by John C. Hamilton, is des- tined to make a few ripples in the literary ocean. Mayor Tiemann’s Message—Black Republican Legislation Condemned. The first Message of our new Mayor—pre- sented to the Common Council yesterday, and published in full in our columns to-day—is, in many respects, a remarkable document, and will create some surprise, if it does not strike a ittle consternation into many of the supporters of Mr. Tiemann. Although a reputed democrat, and selected as a candidate mainly for that reason—his changes of defeating Mr. Wood being considered greater on that account—Mr. Tiemann was elected by a combination of the republican and American parties, certain disaffected democrats aiding and abetting in the struggle. Héyasthe nomi- nee of the republicans more than of any other‘ party, and as such might have been expected to uphold the Metropolitan Police bill, and the Central Park and City Hall Commissions, by which sundry hungry office seekers of that party were provided with profitable places. Yet, in apis very first official document, Mayor Tiemann comes out with a wholesale condemnation of these enactments, and recommends to the Com- mon Council, as a paramount duty, a speedy ap- plication to the Legislature for their repeal. Mr. Tiemann views these iniquitous laws from the democratic stand point. He objects to them on precisely the same grounds that the democ- racy denounced them. While suggesting that the work on the new pCity Hall and Central Park should be pushed forward as rapidly as possible for the public good, the Mayor recommends the Common Coun- cil to apply to the Legislature at Albany to take the direction and control of them out of the hands of the Commissioners appointed by the last black republican Legislature, and place them where they ought to be—with officers ap- pointed by the Mayor and approved by the Board of Aldermen. Both works he declares to be strictly municipal, and oontends that the Commissioners who execute them should there- fore owe their appointment to the people. The principle of taxing the city for the salaries of officers in whose appointment they have no voice receives the decided disapprobation of his Honor. In this he maintains the democratic principle that taxation without representation is a tyranny, the original cause of our colonial revolution and disenthralment from English tule. The Metropolitan Police act receives at the hands of the Mayor an equally decided con- demnation on the same grounds; and his Honor touches a sore point when he says that “the in- terposition of State authority to change, with- out the concurrence of our immediate repre- sentatives, the administrative system of thecity, can only be justified by clear evidence that it is called for by the voice of our people. It in- volves the danger of rash and unwise legisla- tion, and is exposed to the temptation of abol- ishing or creating public offices to accommo- date partisan necessities.” The Mayor ex- presses himself in favor of preserving that por- tion of the Metropolitan Police act which extends protection to such portions of the neighboring counties as may be fairly considered the suburbs of the city; but he enters his un- qualified disapproval of a Board of Police Com- missioners not deriving their appointment from the local authorities of the city, yet controlling a most important branch of the municipal ad- ministration. The Mayor, he contends, should not only be the head of the police, and as such wholly responsible to the people, but that he should also have the appointment of all the heads of departments, that these officers should mect him frequently in council, and be remova- ble at his pleasure. In fulfilment of the duty devolving on him, according to a provision of the charter, the Mayor devotes a large portion of his Message to a statement of the condition of the city in re- lation to ite finances and improvements, The financial branch of the subject will be found very full and complete, and we refer our read- ers to it as an interesting record of the city finances. The Sinking Fund is represented in & very prosperous condition, while the manage- ment of the Croton Aqueduct Department re- ceives large commendation for efficiency and eco- nomy. With regard to the Finance Department Mr. Tiemann advocates a system precisely similar to that of-the Treasury Department of the United States, as introduced by Alexander Hamilton; and, indeed, he desires to see our city government conducted as nearly as possi- ble on the plan of the general government. Many suggestions relative to the city rail- roads, the piers and wharves, obstructions in the harbor, and the city sewerage, are embodied in the Message. In relation to the Street Com- missioner controversy his Honor is rather non- committal. Avoiding the expression of any opinion as to the rights of the respective claim- ants, he confines himself to the assurance that he will refuse his signature to all warrants for the salaries of the officers appointed by each, On the whole, the Mayor’s Message is preg- nant with reforms, some of them quite possible of accomplishment, but some of a character for which the times are not, perhaps, quite ripe. With our Legislature as at present constituted, a return to the old police system, and the abo- lition of Police, City Hall and Central Park Commissions—those fungi, the growth of black republican rottenness—may be calculated on; but when the Mayor suggeste that all the minor offices of the city government—euch as police justices, civil justices, and school officers—sshall be filed by appointment, and not by popular election, he proposes a reform which the cor- rupt politicians are not ready to accept, even if the public mind is prepared to avail itself of it In most of the views of the perfection of city government’ Mr. Tiemann entirely coincides with the opinions for which we have all along contended, especially for those relative to the executive of the cy. If we have read the Mes rage aright, and Mr. Tiemann is able to stand upon the platform he has set down, he will be a popular chief magistrate; and we congratulate him on adopting the precise opinions, with re- gard to what municipal government onght to be, that we have 60 often Pat forth and ad- vocated, . ‘The Financtal Revulsion in Europe, The article from the London Times, which we publiched yesterday, exceeds in severity even { the severest comments which we have ever felt * s«nd to make on the character of the specula- aa omen fone of the speculations of tors and uw. ‘2 96 oiversal a condem- the day. So sweeping, mmunity of nation of the entire merc. atile & > ame England, may well attract the Drea! of merchants throughout the wo"ld. If “the Times is right (and it knows the truth, nd has no motive for speaking untruthfully), the Wer- chants of England, as a body, are dishonest, corrupt, and in many cases insolvent. Far more numerous than the scandalous frauds which are brought to public notice—and they are numerous enough, heaven knows—are those which “are palliated or hushed up by a com- dination of merchants.” Traders and aristo- cracy, it seems, combine to cheat the public and prevent exposures of the wicked and the cor- rupt. So general is the depravity, so uniform the departure from the old laws of integrity, that “ young men are brought up to the belief that there is no such thing as honest trade, and that he is greatest who most excels in the adul- teration of goods, the manufacture of accommo- dation bills, and the management of fraudulent suspensions.” Such is the deliberate verdict of the leading journal of Europe on the state of British commerce at the present time. As- suredly nothing more severe has ever been ut- tered regarding our speculators here, though, perhaps, it was none the less deserved. It is to be noticed that British trade has not always been in the wretched state described by the Zimes. Till within the past few years, Bri- tish merchants, as a rule, were honest men, kept their word, paid their debts, and cheated noone. This halcyon era seems to have come to an end with the outgrowth of the railway mania in England. The first notable disclosure of wide spread profligacy among the moneyed class was the railway explosion of 1847. It then appeared that men of rank, character, station and high repute were habitually addicted to practices which, ona smaller scale, and on a different stage, would have sent their perpetra- tors to houses of correction. These men were not adequately punished for their misdeeds. Hudson was reduced to beggary on $25,000 a year and a box in the country; and the other sin- ners got off as well. The consequence—the sight of their ill gotten gains, and slight pun- ishment—stimulated merchants throughout the country. to follow their example; and hence flowed the general laxity of principle and al- most universal moral looseness and profligacy among the mercantile classes of which the Times now indignantly complains. It was with them as with us; the source and cause of all the mer- cantile swindles and financial rascality were the railways; which, themselves hopelessly sunk in corruption, communicated the taint to every person who touched them. There is one point, in connection with this case of the commerce of Europe, on which the Times does not touch. That is the interference of the government to preserve certain merchants and bankers from the natural consequences of their illegitimate trading and financial opera- tions. Just as the government of England per- mitted or directed the bank to carry Peabody through as the representative of the American houses, Overend, Gurney & Co, and others, so the government of France, less openly, it is true, but more directly, has paid out money to manufactuers to enable them to keep their men at work at a loss, and the government of Prus- sia has made loans to achieve the same end. In Hamburg, alone, where, as here, the govern- ment cannot take matters into its own hands, the entire mercantile and banking community seems to have gone by the board; but every- where else the governments have stepped for- ward, and, to avert revolutions and save them- selves, have undertaken to postpone the crash by bridging over the next few months for the bankrupt and embarrassed houses. This policy on the part of the governments is open to quite as severe objection as that of the merchants; it is dishonest; it is shortsighted; it is grossly un- fair to the mass of the public, The news which each mail brings us from Europe, showing a steady accumulation of specie in London and an increase in the price of consols, is the best illustration of the depressed and m@ancholy condition of trade. Just as here the increase of specie in the banks and the improvement in speculative railway stocks tell a sad tale of checked commerce and general stagnation in the gregt staple trades of the country, so the same symptoms indicate similar phenomena in Europe, and teach usa great lesson of caution and pru- dence. Our young houses, at all events, may hope that for them the worst has passed, and that they may derive benefit from the depressed condition of affairs when they start; but we see nothing in the foreign horizon to warrant aconfident conviction that their prospects in Europe are as satisfactory. ‘Tum Orana.—The “Barber of Seville” is announced for this evening, with the fourth act of “Il Trovatore.”’ In these operas all the principal artiste—Mmo. De La Grange, Mme. D’Angri, Herr Formes, Signors Bignardi, Gassier, Ardavanj, Labocetta and Rocco—will sing. @p Thursday “Martha” will be given in German, with the admission at fifty conta to all parts. On Friday, first time of “L’Taliana in Alger,” for Mme. D’Angri, who will sing Isabolia, tho best contralto part ever written by Rossini. ‘Tre Deami oy Ex-Peuicaman Sixenax.—Wo are ro- quested to state by Dr. Joseph A. Mnoell, the physician who attended ex-policeman Sheehan previous to his death, that the statements published in relation to the occurrence do him great injustice. He says that be treated deceased for delirium tremens; that there were no marks of yio- lence on the body until after death, and that those marks ‘were produced by decomposition, Further, that in a con- versation with Dr. Finpell the latter declared that ho told the Coroner the case was evidently one of delirium tre- mens, but that on the Coroner's saying ho was intimately acquainted wie me deceased, an knew him to be perate man, be was pon sach representations, w give his ovidence as he did. A.statomont having appeared | vei mn. yor relative to the death of Michael et Rca, an foemkn of the First ward, ecting on us, we request thal you will state in your next ieee 'w ‘been preven before the Coroner's inquest, Which are facts, ‘vit.We had nothing to do with Ue sated Affecting bia deiige, but on the contrary. we have been for years on the moat friendly terms, and which friendship hax enly ecnsed with hin deaih. The verdiet of the Coroner's — are JOUN TAGAN, EDWARD MURRAY, Svrrocaten ix Ben.—Coroner Perry held an inquest yes- torday upon the body of a child named Joshua Syms, who ‘was suffocated in bed at the residence of his parents, No. 95 Porry street, ¥ & pillow falling across bis face while be was asleep. | Verdict, “Accidental death.” Williamsburg City News, ary Cent Peeniace.—The ferriage for foot passengers Seenetat PaaMaaes Gee nos can tie, teed hall a cent. Pom paying one cont, receive ® return ticket. iste rival ries are making & tre- mendous effort to demolish each other. Naval I The sloop-of war Falmouth, Commander ©. Farrand, from Portamouth, N. II., arrived at Rio Janeiro on the 19h of November. ‘The United States frigute § ad ‘yes Commander J. B. Hall, was at Rio Janeiro Ni Letters for the Rast sah senna will he received at the Lyceum, Uhartestown Navy Yard, to be forwardedyby tho store ship Roloase, now taking in’ stores, and to wail about the 15th inst. tor the East Inctia stavion THE LATEST NEWS. Debate in the House on the Neutrality Laws and Filibusterism, Position of the Administration with Regard te Commodore Paulding, Gen, Walker's Determination to Return to Nicaragna, Fresh Orders to Federal Officers to Stop Fillbuster Expeditions, &., &o., Interesting from Washington. PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS—FRENCH SPOLI£TIONS— ‘THR REPEAL OF THE WEUTRALITY LAWS—CABDONE CONSULTATION ON CBNTKAL AMERICAN AFPAIES— GENERAL WALKER’S LETTER TO THS PRESIDEWR— ORDERS TO STOP FILIBUSTER ENTERPRISES, ETO. Wasanoros, Jan. 6, 1968. In the Senate to-day quite a number of petitions and re solutions were submitted. Mr. Fessenden, pursuant te notice, introduced @ bi to appoint a select committee te ‘whom should be referred the French spoliation claims, which was adopted, and the President announced the com- mittee. A strong effort will be made to pass these claima during the present session. Mr. Slidell introduced a bit amendatory of the coinage act in relation to half and quarter dollars, dimes and half dimes. Mr. Brown waa too unwell to proceed with his,remarks on Kansas, and the subject was postponed until Monday next. After disposing of some unimportant business, the Se- nate went into executive session, whenfthe Danish Sound Dues treaty was taken up, and after some little debate ratified. In the House various bills having reference to private claims were referred to proper committecs. General Quitman endeavored to introduce his resolution to repeal ‘the noutrality laws. The House then resolved itself inte Committee of the Whole, when the various subjects em- braced in the President’s Message were referred to proper committees. General Quitman then offered his resolution to refer the whole subject of our neutrality laws to a select com_ mittee, and upon this proposition he made quite a lengthy speech. He denounced Com. Paulding’s act in seizing General Walker, and went in for flibusterinf? generally: Ho was replied to by J. Glancy Jones. Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, thought the reference of thay portion of the Message should be to the Committee om the Judiciary, and not to a select committee. He made a very viglent speech against Paulding’s course, and said it was a national dia_ grace, and that restoration and restitution must and shoald be made, and that Walker and his men ought immediately to be sent back to Nicaragua. A running debate was kept up upon the subject, pro and con, until the House adjourned. ko. ‘The Cabinet had a prolonged sitting to-day on affairs re- lating to General Walker, Nicaragua, and the conduct of Commodore Paulding in the arrest of the filibusters. The Cabinet is firm in the position it has already taken with regard to these matters. While it will not sustain any ef its agents in any irregularity or mistakes they may have made in the execution of a paramount duty, it 13 disposed to forgive those for the sake of the principle involved, and ‘on account of the policy it has laid down with regard te Central America. General Walker has written a letter to the President, im whioh he claims that he has never violated the laws of the United States, and that officers of this government have in various ways illegally and unconstitutioually in- terfered with the rights of himself and associates. He clearly expresses his determination to mace use of all lawful means for effecting his return to Nicaragua, de- clares that he will keep within the law hereafter as here- tofore, and intimates that if he is interfered with it mast be by @ constant and continual succession of illegal and unjust acts. Instructions of a peremptory character were despatched South to-day to Collectors, District Attorneys, Marshals, &c., against the departure of filibustering expeditions, and to rigidly enforce our neutrality laws. ‘ThoMas Stephenson, of Kentucky, has been appointed Associate Justice for New Mexico, to succeed Judge Bracchus, resigned. ‘THR GENERAL NEWSPAPER DRSPATCH. Wasunwatow, Jan. 6, 1868. ‘The President's Message and accompanying documents, relative to recent events in America, will, proba- bly, be communicated to Congress to-morrow. His inti- mate friends say that he will more emphatically condema filibustering than ho did in bis annual moasage. According to present indications Commodore Paulding will not be recalled. General Walker's Men Sent Adrift. Norvoux, Jan. 5, 1868. General Walker's men were discharged from the Saratoga today, by orders from Washington. Many of them are wandering about the city destitute, poorly olad, and moneyless. ‘THIRTY-FIFTH CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION. Senate. Wasmvyoron, Jan. 6, 1868, ‘TUE CARR OV MR, MAILLARD, THR AMRAIGAN LANDOWNER IN IRELAND. On motion of Mr. Swann, (opp.) of New York, a reso- lution was adopted that the petition of Mr. Maillard, which was presented yesterday, be transmitted to the Secretary of State for the consideration of the President. The petition sets forth various grievances inflicted upom Mr. Maillard, an American citizen, by British civil officers and others, in Ireland, by which he claims to have had @ large number of valuable cattle taken from him by « mob. FRENCH SPOLLATIONS, Mr. Fresexpen, (opp.) of Me., introduced the Fronch Spoliation bill, and moved its reference to a select com- mittee of seven. After debate the motion boy prem reaper oom, Hann Manton Duvis and King were appointed said Mr. surom, (atm. of a ed «vit emeate relative to the half doliar and DIPLOMATIC MISMION TO JAPAN. Mr. Gwin (hm) oC abated + reanation, whch tinged sete clgedionny of proving tote Ger eae Sppolstment ofe Malever Plaipsiostary w'iepeae” ar. Bag (adi, of Mes Seine lo io rewame hi bis speach the Senate, afer trangaoting ~4 on Daninea ft pubic importance, adj House of Representatives. Wasurwotow, Jan. 5, 1868. ‘THR PRERIDENT’S MRARAGE. ‘The House went into Committee of the Whole on the ‘State of the Crion on the President's annual mossage. Mr. J. Gtaxct Jowm, (adm.) of Pa., in the House, submis" ted a series of resolutions referring the various branches of the message to the appropriate standing committees, He expressed the» hope that they would be adopted forth- With, a8 the message had been before the country neasiy @ month. DRBATY ON THS PROPOSED REPEAL OF THE NEUTRALITY Laws. Gen. Quran, (adm.) of Miss., moved an amendment, referring that part of the message relative to the enforce- ment of the noutrality laws to a select committes of five members, He said the country demanded that some- thing be done. Gentlemen might attornpt to got rid of these questions, Kut they were now forced on the consideration of Congress. He had come to the conclusion that the greater part of the neutrality laws ought to be ewopt from the statute book, and belived if the larger portion of the House would investigate the subject they would arrive at Abe same conclusion: Mr. Quirmay continued, saying that these were q which smight it as well be met now. If an intelligent nation nation Vike this sbould think to retain its neutrality proper or carry out the recommendations of the President now, he believed for the first time, made from the Executive chair—that is, 0 make them more stringent—he must be content. But he would not be content till he could bring Congress to # vote on this important subject. He omphati- cally denied that the law of nations Fequires independent States to restrain Ly figs from py ‘oasions Om rved to citizens by waded by the y the jovernment, the p nstenk Ay nod Seams epauee on |. The 80-called eutrality laws attempt to rimes acta which are unknown to the law of nations. He hoped the sym. = now manifested in behalf of Central American af- irs wouk! not be restrained by force. Were not our ome good judges of their own morals as Congreaa for Mr. J. Guancy Jones raid if he understood the moat die. tinguishing characteristic of our governmoot, it was a vernment of » constitutional and common ta Hence in framing bis resotutions, he proposed, , to refer this aubjeot’ to Toe omntten on tp uaisiary” As to the President's position, he understood hw be sy you wish ine to carry out these Inws miugt give me mare powar.., But it was not to be inferred ae anon m eogeter that th® President would mareeey ob. jection to repeal or medidoation of (hese laws, Mr. Kaurt (adm.) of 5, ¢., touk for granted that a epe