The New York Herald Newspaper, August 28, 1857, Page 4

a NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR asp PROPRIETOR, Orricn ¥. w. omnis: or FULTON AND NASSAU 56. ME, iB te eaten BP Raia paary feels ae ed BBRA are ‘partes er wan gay sito Bag om ANTE? TRRALD, mery Wednesday, at four conte per * or 82 poor at vam Paid TNE executed wlth mcatnem, cheapness and det =n ay NTS THIS EVENING WIM. GANDER, nromoway—Jouy Miuens—Peoue wraps Cowcent— isn 14, La PaQvenetre BOWERY SERSeRe. Bowery— Jawast—Post or Honon —Britors Bays BURTON'S THEATRE, Brosdway, opposiie Bod #— Brats 6: ema Banani. NEW OLYMPIO THEATRE, Brosdway—Jexax Lixo— —Brinir oF tHe Fountaiuw—serrouns is Ts dia. BARYUMS AMERICAN MUSEUM. Brosdway—Boavs Bowrnis Baar ~Dissorvimc Vrews, Paave o7 MaGio, £0. MECHANICS’ f41 ay—Nuceo Maicvres, Be—Dows in 4 Wisornm. There was a idence of the monetary panic in Wall street yesterday. Mr. Jacob Little resumed his place st the stock board. No mire failures of brokers were reported, but several commercial houses ccllapsed. The failure of a private banker of Detroit, of twenty years standing, is also reported by telegrapd, None of the banks have given way, though there are reports in circulation respecting them that canre no little anncyan.s to shopkespers. ‘The allidavits in the case of Mr. John Thompson, against whom the Metropolitan Bank has applied for anorder of srrest, are given in to-day’s Hseraup. These documents prosent a curious picture of the macner of conducting financial operations in Wall strect. The case stands adjourned, in order to allow Mr. Thompson an opportunity of making further expiavations of the state of his affairs and his Method of doing business. We also publish several columns of extracts from ofir ¢achange papers, | showing the effect of the Wall street crisis and the condi of things in various parts of the country. "The list of failnres is unuenally large this week. ‘Gravel on the Michizan Goutbern Rallroad route. was stopped yesterday by the eeizure of the boats at Buffaio , by the Sherif, to answer attachments, The steamship Amoiica arrived at Boston yester- day afternoon, and our European files reached this city by the New Haven train at an early hour this Morning. Wedo not flud ary news of importance that was pot embraced in our telegraphic summary received from Hulifux and published in yesterday's paper. Tho Arsenal property, situated within the boan- diaries of the Centrai Perk, waa parchased yesterday | by the city for $275,000, the price fixed by the Le. | mittee of Arrangements of the First Regi. men! New York Volunteers met last evenicg to pre- pare for the visit of the Scott Legion of Pennsyira. mia, on acconrtof the presentation of the Jackson gold box end the anniversary of the taking of the | city of Mexico. The Volunteer Association will parade separately, thongh it is expested the cele” bration will be very spirieed, and will be partici. | pated ir by a number of our city companies, It was | stated Jast night that the colors of the regiment are | Bow in the hands of the Sheriff to satisfy the Low, | ber judgment. Under the hend of Quarantine matters, in another | column, will be found a detailed and interesting | Gescription of the different localities in the harbor | that have been under consideration as suitabie sites fora permanent Quarantine, with a recapitulation of the advantages and disadvantages of the respec: | five localities for the purpose named. The Quaran- | tine Commirsioners, as will be seen in another part of the report, ull assert a decided preference for Sandy Hock; but taking the benefit of a doubt of the possibility of securing this locetion, they show } ‘@ leaning inclination to make Seguine’s Point a por- tion of the intended permanent Quarantine. The | balance of the establiskment—to comprive the in. fected department—they propose to locate at Old Orchard Shosi,a «snd bar four miles southwest from Seguine's Point Allen Monroe, of Syracuse, has been appointed ! Engincerin-Chief of the military forces of the State of New York, vice Gen. Lucius Pitkin, resigned. A meeting of citizens in favor of the repeal of the odious lews passed by the Legislature last winter | was held in the Fightcenth ward last evening. See | oot report in another column, ‘The Democratic General Committee, of which Mr. Cooper is chairman, held a meeting at Tammany | | Hall last evening, and appointed a committee to confer with the other organizations, with the view of perfecting seme plan for harmonizing the party Prior to the election of delegates to the nominating convention. The Wilson Smal! committee advertise @ meeting at Tammany Mall this evening, when doubtlers some action will be taken in the same di- rection The Young Meu's Republican General Committee met lest evening and adopted a report in favor of the admission of Messrs. Smith, Corwin and Morgan an delegates from the Eighth ward, there being no evidence of illegality in their election. The General Soperintendent of the Metropolttan Police has ‘sued an order for the enforcement of the Sunday liquor law in Brooklyn. In another co Tumn wil! be found a few items of interest concern- fag the present state of the police force. Tt is the intention of the District Attorney to try | ll violators of the Sunday liquor law during the | first weck of the September term of the Court of | General Beerirns ¢ those parties wo elect to De tried at the Special Sessions. | The funeral ceremorics of the late Mortimer Liv Angston took piace at St. Tomas’ church yesterday. | ‘The remains will be taken to Hyde Park this morn- ing for interment. We bave news from Port-au-Prince, Hayti, to the ‘10th inst. Our correspondent states that trade was | more active, and that business in general was re- covering from the depressing ef cts of the late dis- satrous fire. The money market, however, was very stringent, and provisions ruled high. It was thought | thst there would soon be a renewal of the quarrel with the Dominicans. The appcintment of Beverly Turker, of Virginia Consul at Liverpool, Henry W. Spencer, as Con- | pal at Paris; John Endlich, of Pennaylvania, as Cons) at Balee, Switzeriand; Ernest Volger, of Virginia, a4 Consul at Barcelona; and Charles J. Fox, of Michigan, ss Consul at Aspinwall, is an. moanced unéer the telegraphic head, We publish eleewhere au account of an excorsion to Bandy Hook yesterday to test the practicability of Capt. Caventy's invention for ascertaining tati finde and longitude in foggy weather. The party consisted of a large number of shipowners, ship masters, underwriters and others interested in navi gation. At the concinsion of the experiment ase ries of resolations was adopted, heartily approving of the invention. ‘The pales of cotton yestorfay wore Confined to abon\ 490 8 660 bales, at foll prices. Fiour was in some betier re fquest, with more doing, while prices did not diver mate Wially from those current the day before. Toe sale of ‘wheal were rathor larger, and included new red Southern nad Tonneesos at $1 35 0 81 48, and white al $1 6909105 8 81 06, witiie prime to choice do. was held at $ aot Prime red a! $1 46. Oorn was without change of moment, fome smal) sales of Western mized were mate at 850. 0 BE )Ke , and one lot was reported (dollvered) at 860. Penn aylvania rye sold at O60, Pork was steady, with sa'er of ‘mene al 26 76. Sales of sugars embraced about 450 8 600 Bbda Oude mosoovado, at prices given in another colame Ootioe wre wendy, with salon of Rio a: 10Ke a L1KO Grain to Liverpool wae engaged in abip’s bags at 8i¢4., ‘Which wars slight improvement, A vessel to load with 25,000 bushels wheat at Chartesion, for Barcelona, Was (eee 0826 0 shippers age | from Lynn, one from Portemouth, one from ; Boston are making very great efforts to have NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, AUGUST 28, 1857. @ne Southern Nigger Driving agitators and thetr Schemes for the Succession. in cur Washington telegraphic advices of this morning our readers qiil find some interesting information touching the limited organehip of the leading fire-eating secession journals of the South, und the practical caiculations and pur- poses of the Sonthern ultras in reference to the next Presidency. We have no doubt that the programme indi- cated ‘s the true one, for the grand climax of a Southern confederacy is too remote and proble- matical tocommand the spare cash capital of even our most visionary Southern ultra poli- ticlans. Hf we reduce them to the common Jevel of plotting spoiismen, on the other hand, we have them within the reach of reason and the the “co- hesive power of the public plunder.” In this view the project of an independent Southern sectional candidate for the next Presidency assumes a practical shapa, ard the primary expedient of tearing the democratic party into fragments be comes an eminently practical operation, These Southern ultras first came into the direct control of the democratic party with the rejection of Van Buren at Baltimore, and the nomisation of James K. Polk in 1844, The nomination of Gea. Cuss, in 1848, was a sort of compromise with the democracy of the North; but as it failed in New York, another compromise was tried upon Ge, Pierce in 1852, and with such success that the Sonthern ultra wing of the party speedily as | suincd the exclusive right to control bis adminis- tration, and to name the candidate and the pria- ciples of the party for 1856 ; but by the year of grace 1856 the Southern ultra abominations of | poor Pierce in Kansas bad so dismantled the Northern democracy, that their most available Northern mou—end a man whose hands, toe, were cleanest in reference to the Kansas Nebraska bili—became an indispensable necessity to save the universal democratic party from abso- lute acnihilation, Thus the Southern extremists | caved in, and not only gracefully consented to the nomination of Mr. Buchanan, but made his election the issne of the continuance or im- mediate dissolution of the Union. With this Southern ultra wing of the ee however, Mr. Buchanan was not accepted as a full equivalent for the surrender cf poor Pierce and Douglas, but as the only alternative considering the imperious necessity for the recovery of a Northern State or two. His election, also, was considered in the South, not as a decisive success, but as an armis- tice between the two sections. The next thing, therefore, to be accomplished was to reduce Mr, Buchanan and his adaiinistration under the same Southern influences that were e#o succesafully brought to bear upon poor Pierce. To manage the President was to manage the patronage and the measures of his administration, and to dictate the principles of the party, and its candidate for the succession, But all caiculations of this sort were knocked in the head with the proclamation of Mr. Buchanan's Cabinet and his inaugural address. Forthwith the whole gamte of the Southern nigger driving and secession faction was changed Thcy must coerce the President into submistion, or break down his administration and break up the democratic party. Hence this terrible up- roar of the fire-eaters’ orgaus, from Richmond to New Orleans. It is a preconcerted chorus of execratione, curres, howlings, groaniogs and thriekings over Kansas, with the most dismal “weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth.” “ Soutbern rights, “ Northern aggressions, “ ad- ministration treachery,” “disunion,” and all such outcrics, however, are now reducible toa very sim- ple interpretation. Failing to control the federal government within the democratic party, these Southern disorgauizere have at length been driven to the desperate extremity of reaching the foun- tain of spoils and power through an independent sectional party; and while their present plan of | operations is very plausible, it is not without | some chances of at icast u partial success in the campeign of 1860, Here itis: The Kaneas agitation is to be kept up aguinst Walker and the admisistration, and | | should Kansas come in asa free State, the sig- nal is to be eounded for a Southern Convention | for the defence of the South. At this convention a purely cectioual party will be organized and eet into active operation; not for the diseolution | of the Union, but for ths next Presidency. Against this Southern sectional party there will be a Northern sectional party, and between these | two parties there will arise a third, in the shape of a national conservative party. Thos organ- ized, theee three parties may each carry up their | candidate {o the House, and, once there. the Southern candidate will undoubtedly hold the balance of power. This, we take it, is the programme, and these are the calculations of our Southern fireeaters, With the meeting of Congress, or shortly there- after, we thall have some interesting develope | ments in this matter, Ia the meantime, as the | administration is right, it has only to go forward | in the path it has chosen, in order to command | the coufidence and support of the country, what- ever may be the fate of Kansas or the democra- cy, or the division of parties in 1860. In any event, a fair, honest and just administration will be sustained. | ——— Tar New Steam S100 Wan Covtricr,—On | Tuesday morning last the Secretary of the Navy authorized the exhibition of the models for the new tteam tloop-of-war, and the appointment of & Board to examine them was made on Wednes- day. Thirteen models in all were exhibited. Five were from thie city, three from Bostou, one Philadelphia, and two other. Our neighbors in this steam sloop built at that place; and urge as ® reason, that ae New York lately obtained the contract for the construction of the new «team revenue cutler, Boston mechanics should have the building of the steam sloop. There is | every probability that strong political inflnencce will be brought to bear in order to secure the coa- tract for the building of thie vereel to particular parties, but we hope they may have no weight with the Board in giving its decision, but that they will decide on the merits of the models and epecifications alone, and will award the contract to whomeoever may be fairly entitled to it, re- gardlers of any sectional or party feelings. If the contract slaall be given to this city, we huve the materials and the workmen to fulfil it. They may poeress them also in Boston; but we have yet to eee the first steamship turned out from the Boston yards, and so cannot assert it positively: The specifications ised by the government form a problem to be solved by private ship builders; and a fair field, with no favor, is sll we ask on the part of the marine architects of New York. The new steam sloop to be built Will be about the size of the steam frigate Mis- souri, which was burned at Gibraltar sevoral ‘ears since, and of the Mississi tay to China. The former cost , paths $566,860 90, and the latiey £019, 03 6 68. | from O to 4. | preserve. he Accident to the Atlantic Cabie—The Came As no evert of modem times was watched with more cernest suxiety throaghont the whole civil- ized world than the Ieying of the telegraph cable in the bed of the Atlantic, the temporary lure to accomplish ithas produced regret as deep as it ie universal. It wns, perhaps, too much to expect that the first essay to perform so rerious ond wonderful ® feat ehould bs attended with success; yet there is no Goubt that the high- est anticipations were entertaiced, both here and in Burope, that at this time the connection be- tween the two contiaesis would have bea ee curely established, The precautions adopted against danger on bowd the vessels employed, the presence of sqeans of the most distingwished character, and of engineers of great skill and ex; ce, FCM ed to warraut the bighest hops taut nothing would militate against the safe performance of the tack. In fact, the experiments which pre- ceded the sailing of the sq oa of themselves gave promise that no danger was lurking in the future which could not be amply guarded against. It will be remembered that the only accident which cecurred during these experiments, as stated by the HeRann’s epecial correspondent, was the breaking of the cabie by the sudden ap- plication of the brakes. So obvious was the danger résulting from the use of there brakes, that it was resolved not to apply them during the voyage, except in a case of great emer- gency. Yet strange to eay, we fiad that vpon the first apparent difficulty arising from the sluckening of the Niagara's speed in a heavy swell, some-over anxious or nervous engineer puts on the brakes; when at once the stune thing eecurred whieh had twice previous!y happencd during the experiments in the Channel —the cable snapz—leaving three hundred and thirty-five miles of it at the bottom of the ocean; a hundred miles of which is in two thousand fathoms water. This, though disastrous and discouraging a the outset of the expedition, furnishes no cause for despair of the ultimate success of the undert ing. It only shows a want of providence, and an extraordixary disregard of the monitions of pre- vious experience. If the speed of the vessel had | been increased, instead of the escent of the cable being suddenly srresied, there is every proba- bility that the fleet would be at this hourin New- foundland, and the greatest feat ever attempted would have been triumphantly accomplished. As far back as the 13:h of May last we pub- lished in the Heranp a statement derived trom Lieutenant Brooke, of the United States Navy, the inventor of the apparatus for deep sea sound- ings, which fully éxplains the “cause of the late unfortunate accident, and in which suggestions were thrown out how such a contingency as has just occurred could have been provided for. And we think by referring to the facts there assumed we will see at a glance the reason why the at 8 { ara’s cable broke, It was shown that the character of the curve which the cable would take on its way to the bot- tom would depend on the velocity of its descent and on the speed of the ship; and the importance of the nature of that curve, and the influence it had in producing the late disaster, will appear, as we proceed, by reference to the annexed diagram. If the cable, when extended horizontally upon the water, sank fasier than the ship ran, the con- venity of its curve would be towards the bottom; the upper portion, nearly vertical, would descend more directiy, and therefore more rapidly, to- wards the bottom—the lower portion would, con- sequently, be deposited in waves or in wave lines | upon the bottom. But if the cable sank slower than the vessel advanced, its curves would, of course, be wholly different. Now, looking at the diegram, we will perceive that if the cable is suspended vertically from the stera of the steamer at point 1, with its lower portion lying on the bottom at O, and the vessel then mores offat an ordinary rate of speed, the resistance of the water will cause the cable to assume the curve marked from O to 2, with the concavity towards the | bottom. Then, as the vessel proceeds, regulating the paying out of the cable by the machinery pro- vided for that purpose, the direction of the cable will gradually sasume the shape nearly of a dia- gonal line, the curve growing lees, av at points But the weight of the cable will soon catry the lower portion of it towards the bottom, with its couvestty in that direction; while the upper portion, meeting more resistance from the water from the speed of the steamer, will descend at a lesser velocity than that of the ship, and will present ite concavity towards the bot- tom, as seen at points from O to 5. ‘This seems to be the natural wave line of the cable, and would bave been the proper one to itis apparent that, in order to insure safety, the specd of the vessel should be always slightly greater than that of the descent of the cable. In the case of the Niagara the engineer thought that the cable wae descending too rapidly for the speed of the ship, and he attempted to arrest it. But it is clear that he should have increased the vesecl's speed, and not checked the deseent of the cable, This would in all likelihood have reme- Gied the difficulty; for, according to Lieutenant Brooke's theory, when the speed of the ship was reduced below the velocity of the descent of the cable, the wave line of the latter must have tra- yelled towards the ship, and soon assumed the position marked at points O 6 in the diagram. Here it is evident that there must have been ‘an enormous preerure on the centre of the curve in a cable weighing nearly « ton to the mile; and no doubt the sudden effort to check ils descent by the powerful application of the brakes caused it to enap. We can readily understand this when we remember that the cable was then de- ecending in water two miles deep, and that there must therefore have been many tous weight of it suspended in the water, as it had previously beea running ont at too great a velocity. Lieutenant Brooke, anticipating euch a cortin- gency, intimated what the engineer should do In an emergency of this nature. “Is would then,” he cays, “be'necessary to increase the speed of the veerel, without attempting to arrest the cable, until a considerable portion bad been laid more horizontally upon the water, and the wave line thus re-established.” Now, we know that the en- gincer did the very reverse of this, which we think fairly encugh accounts for the accident. Let us hope that the experience learned in this attempt will be wisely used in future, and all such dangers avoided. The public mind is now fixed upon this project, Few believe that it will ultimately fatl, theugh misfortune has attended its corly movement, In fact it must not fait. The praotionbility of laying a cable between the two worlds is now established, and human inge- buity, perseverance and skill will be combined with more force than ever, until success crowns the en‘erprize. : _—_——. Trovptes or THE New York Dewocracy.— The Democratic State Convention is to assemble in Syracuse ou the 10th of September. It is full time that the dclegat:s thereto from this city were elected; but owing to the squabbics among rival committccs avd rival leaders, uo detivite action has yet been taken for thas purpose. Ne- gotiations are, however, on foot with the object of splicing up a truce, and bringing shout ench a siate ofamalgumation betweea the varions sec- tions of the party as will admit of the democracy of this city being represeated at Syracaee by ouly ane set of delegates. At present it is very doubt ful whether the effort at fasion will prove suc- ccesful, Pretent appearances do not place the chances in s favorable aspect, We understand that the reported conference in ihe Custom Houre, on Wednesday afternoon, had no foundation in reality, so far, at least, as Messra, Weed, Smail and Fowler were concerned. There were, however, come grounds for the report, inas- much as Meters, Hart and Sweeney, the one rep- regenting the Wilson Small Committee and the other the Edeard Cooper Cotmuniitee, had called on Mr. Schcll—who, as the unor~trolled distributor of place and patronage in the « ustom Houre, has the whole game in bis own band— and had tried to palaver him into makiag bach a use of his power az would promote the coutem plated fusion, The informal conference, how ever, ended in nothing, Mr. Sebeli recognizes and sets upon the rule which we have been all along inculcating, that the Custom Honse is not an institution for the benefit of broken down po- liticians, rowdies and shoulder hitters, but for the collection of the general revenue and for the pro- motion of the interests of commerce. His ap- pointments and removals will be therefore made not 0 much in reference to the wants of politi- cians as in reference to the proper management of the Custom House. And in thie view of that part of his daties he is fully endorsed by Mr. Buchanen. Therefore we think it hardly proba- ble that the Custom House appointments will be made the lever whereby the difficult task is to be accomplished of fusing the hostile elements of the cemocratic party into one solid and united mass, ‘There are various rumors afloat as to the result of the recent conferences in Washington and New | York, Mr. Schell had removed from the Cas- tom House some officeholders whose antece- dents or whose qualifications for their respec- tive offices were noue of the beet. Mr. Sickles, whose constituents those individuals | happened to be, called upon the Collector to as- certain the reagone ior theirremeval. Mr. Schclide- clined to assignany reason. Sickles applied to the Treasury Department at Washington. The Trea- sury Department invited Me. Sickles to go up and have a confab ever the matter—the iavitation was accepted. Then Mr. Schell was sent for. He also aticnded, and the result of all this was that Mr. Schell was allowed to have hisown way, although it is said that some provision was made in another department for the first victims of hiv impartial discrimination. Mr. Schell was at the same time invested with fuil discretionary power over all the Custom House offices, coupled only with the recommendation that the federal patronage in his hands suould not be made use of to give increased influence to cither of the sec- tions of the democratic party in this city. Mr. Schell is the very person to avail himself of the hint thus given, and to administer his office with ss age possible regard to factionist consid- Collector holds @ middie course between the two principal factions of the party in this city. He is not identified with either, andis con- sequently courted by beth. The Tammany in- tiders—or those who support the Edward Cooper Cominittee—are solicitous to have the weight of | bis influence thrown into their scale. Tho Tam- many outsiders—or those who marehal under the Wilson Small Committee—are equally solicitous to have that advantage on their side. And the joke is, that each of these sections flatters itself with the assurance that Mr, Scbell is on its side. We cannot say which of them, or whether either of them, is justified in this conclusion, We understand, however, that at a déjefiner, or love feast of some rort, given the other day by Mr. Sickies to the Secretary of the Interior ard his lady, Mr. Schell was one of the guests. This would look as if the Cooperites were likely to have the Collector cn their side. Bat still the circumstance éors not, of course, afford ground for any thing more than speculation, Sheuld there be a fasion of factions in New York, it is confidently believed by some that Mr- Wood will be the regular nomince for Mayor, while it is asserted by others with equal conti- dence that Judge Ingraham will be the candi- date, The latter is regarded as being almost as closely identified with the struggle for municipal liberties as the former. The contest for the nomination will probably be a sharp one be- | tween there two, If the fusion do not take many Hall candidate. Robert J. Dillon and Godfrey Gunther are also epoken of as available candidates on that side; but Moyor Wood will, in that event, be run by the democracy, rallying under the Wileon Small Committee, and will take his stand as the candidate most prominently identified with the defence of municipal rights. If all this miserable cliquiem could only be | exorcised from the party in this city, and if the democracy could be got to join unanimously in the effort to shake off the incubus of black repub- licaniem which now weighs upon us, there would be little doubt of the result of the next election throughout the State. The intelligent lovers of freedom of all partics would be eure to join in any movement designed to restore and seonre the privileges of local self-government; but these miserable squabbles and cabals in this city are calculated not only to disgust people generally, but to weaken the opposition to the Albany regency of Seward, Weed, Matteron and fellows. A fow days, however, will clear away much of the uncertainty that now hangs over the matter, Tar Stock Gametens anv Tux New York He- RALp.—We publish in another colnmn, from the St. Louie Inielligencer, a dolefal complaint against the destructive work which the New York Hx- nAvp is making among the stock gamblers, But we are accustomed to such lamentations and de- nunciations from the whole stock gambling fra- ternity. They began their war upon us in 1837, and from that day to this their assault, from all quarters, have contributed not a little to our snocess and froxperity. Keep it up, Mesare Stock Gamblers, The Michigan Southern is bat a small dose. Keo? it up, fee wo eball most ae- euredly keep up the fire, | place, Judge Ingrabam may still be the Tam- | * Enrcatton mv Vinarta—Tun Wa” Waren tx Sovrmery Poor an Canxp For~ 1 the report of the proceedings of the Educatioual v.92 vention of Virginia, which appears in another column, will be found some curious facts concern- ing the manuer in which education is conducted in the Old Dominion. They will servo to explain why ourSouthern friends ia general make such bad busincss men, and lag so tur bebiad the Northerners in commercial shrewdaces and ae- tivity. ‘There is in Virginia a distinctive fand devoted to the purposes of general education, which is known as the Literary Fund. This is made up from two cources—oue of them being the fiues, penalues, escheuts, or other property compuleori- ly devolving to the State, and the other the capi- tation tax of forty cents on each male white, which was epecially appropriated to this chject in March, 1853. The revenue from these heads for the last year was:— Cepliation tax . Total... The statement of expenditure was as fol. lows: — Primary and froe schools fo vo, for poor children. ‘To the Usiver of Virgint tary ineti $120,000 322,744 To the Virginia TOL, .ocvesscercsesvesseaee “ ‘The committee appointed by the Convention to examine whether this distribution was as useful as it might be made, report strongly against any epecial allocation to what they call “the aristo- eracy of rags.” As but few counties in Virginia have adopted the free school system, they con- tend that the apprepriation to poor schools ex cludes from the benefits of the fond a large pro- portion of the children of the commouenith who Go uot properly come under the classification of poor children, But to show that the disbarse- ment for the poor is not in itself productive of satisfactory results, the committce state that from 1840 to 1850, notwithstanding the increase in the population, the diminution in the number of petrons over twenty who were unable to read or write was only forty-seven hundredihs of one per cent, thereby proving the total failure of the pauper system. An unexpected light was thrown upon the cause of this failure by Governor Wise, who, on being called upon for further explanations as to the school disbursements, stated that he was un- ubie on that occasion to go into details, in coise- quence of important errors which he had that morning detected in the statistics of the education fund; Lut one important discovery he had made, atu! that was thai a very large amount of the capi- tation tax had remained without interest in the bands of the Commissioners aud Superintendests, and instead of being applied to the purposes of education had been doing no other good than that of aiding the retail trade of the country. As a general rale, the Governor stated it az his conviction that the poor did not go to school at all, and that those who derived most benefit from the education fund were those entrusted with ils disbursement, Considering the long period during which these abuses have been in existeuce, we think it proves but little in favor of the utility of Virginian educational conventions, or of the business habits of the Virginia men generally, that facts having sueh an important bearing upon the in- terests of the commonwealth should only now be dragged to light. The State authorities, as well ag those who possess an interest in the cause of public education, are all equally culpable for the indiderence which they have manifested to the proper administration of this fund. Let us hope that the Convention which has stumbled acci- dentally on these facts will turn them to account, and prese upon the Legislatare of Virginia the reforms embodied in the report of their commit- tee. This will at least be one practical result rom the labors of a Southern Convention, Kansas Arrams——Movemests or Tae Faree Sratm Parry.—The following are reported as among the prapcsitions entertained by the free State party of Kansas, with reference to the ap- prosching October legislative election: — 1. Refuse to vote at the bony oe a tae Talia bt the Bate government ry frnomny diste operation. a i nara how; got posession of the 1.0. gislature; repeal tho old codes; pase a now set of statutes, ‘The first of these expedients was tricd last year, and the results were “the bogus Legisla- ture,” the “bogus laws," and the odious clection and apportionment laws of which the free State men are now so bitterly complaining. We are not, therefore, eurprieed to leara that the majority of the party are ibis time revolved to abandon the poor policy of “masterly inactivity,” and to bring up all hands to the polls, carry the Logis- lature, repeal the bogus laws, and “‘put the State government in immediate operation.” Very good. If they oan do all this, and shail do is, ali the outside fuse and uproar about the horrible atrocities of Walker, “the bogus authorities,” and the “border ruffians,” will be cndcd. But if this free State party, having the popular strength roqnired to accomplish that complete revolution in the local affairs of Kansas which they desire, and fail to ure their power, they will richly deserve ano- ther year of “bogus legislator,” ard “bogus laws.” With nine-tenths, or even four-fifths, of | the scttlers of the Territory on their side, the free State men at the polis, one would suppose, would be strong enough to overcome all sorts of appor- tionments, requisitions, taxes, judges, Missouri in- vasions and United States dragoons, though Waiker himself should head the troops and Atchison the border ruffians, But whatever may be the issue of this Kanras October election, the question with the people of New York for our November election is simply this: Shall we continue the corrupt Seward oli- garchy of last winter in power at Albany, or shall they be superseded? This at present is the only practical legitimate election issue with us—“simply this, and nothing more.” Rarroap Coxvention.-The following was handed to us last evening, with a request to no tice it:— Rarsoan Convmrniow.—A rn of of fog +-J me. locomotive Rogers and muperintende ate be holden Tuesday, A B61 B: Bee pre acs og a oe oe Fete of railroads an: ‘ad ‘the improvement moe We would suggest that this Convention aban- don the consideration of the practical manage. ment of the roads and improvements in the ma chinery, and devote its whole time to the im- provement in the financial concerns of the sere- ral companies. _—_—_—__ Goon News.—We are glad to hear from the St. Lonis Republican that while the people of Western Missouri will sot their faces against another border ruffian invasion of Kansas, Gen. Alchison bimeelf will not lend bis gountenanes to i any euch project. The late election in Missoust indicates as much; and go let all other outsiders attend to their own business, and leave the pee ple of Kausas to attend to theirs, Srocx Gampuina as a Trane.—Late opoar- revees would Jead one to suspect that a great many of our people actually follow stock gumbling 23 8 We believe that in the | late fall in stocks two Seading clergymen, and several merchants and profesional rhen wore swamped, besides at least one editor, Gxnerally speaking, the greatest stock gamblers are the merchants. With very few exceptions, they are ail operators on ‘Change; when they are success- ful, the profits of their businces bear 9 very emalt proportion to those of their speculations. Whem the tide turns, as it must do sooner or later, they fail; mary a person who is supposed to have been ruined by injudicious ventures in dry goods or groceries, really broke dows on stocks, ‘That this isa bad feature of our society is of course very plain; and the question is how to remedy it, The organs of the baukrupt railways whiok have lately made the fortunes of their directors and ruined their stockholders, suggest that a law be passed to remedy the evil, and to suppress steck gambling as a nuisance. Suggestions of this force should be left to the Hon, Myron H. Clark, ex Governor of the State, who proposed something of the kind in one of his mestages, and couldn’t tell why people laughed at hin for it, Stock gambling is iilegal now, and caunot be made more so by any ameunt of legis Jntion, It is not lawful to collect a@ debt éuc for a stock transaction, Time operations are all contrary to law. Yot they abound; hundreds of men are busy the whole time buying and selling on time: fortunes are made and lost every few months, And the same thing would be the case were a dozen lawa passed to prevent the practice, ‘The instinct of gambling is innate and irresis- tible; you can uo more prevent its finding » vent on the Stock Exchange than you cam suppress faro tables or houses of prostitution, And a wise legistator, ceasiag to try to crush ont that which will resist all his efforts, will direct his attention to the regulation and moderation of the insurmountable evil. A law legalizing time operations on the Stock Exchange would have the advantage of excluding from its precincts that class of “shysters’’ who operate seriously so long as the wind is in their favor, but tura round and repudiate their con- tracts when it turns against them. It would put an end to such dodges as that practised during the late contest on Michigan Southern by a house which pocketed no end of money while the stock was rising, but the moment it began to fali, turn- ed round and stopped, no doubt clearing a very handsome thing. Were ench operations legal, 80 that differences could be collected by law, such frands could not take place; and the gam bling would at all events be fair, No other law that we can think of would be of the slightest use. THE LATEST | NEWS. Arrival of the Steamship Amerton at Rostoa, Bostow, August 27, 1867. ‘The steamship America arrived here this afternoon, ana the foreign mai! bags,which were lo readiness to go South, were despatched by the land mal! ain via New Haven, and will be due at New York ebortly afier midnight. The balance of the America’s mai! matter will go forward by tho Stonington route this evening. Belzureef the Lake Boats of the Michigan Southern Ratiroed, Berraro, August 27, 1867. The affairs of the Michigan Southorn Railroad line of pas- senger boats are muck embarrassed. Two of the boats ‘wore attached this afternoon and bonded, The ono to ar- rive im the morning will aleo be aliached. The two boate ‘etzed aro tp the bands of the Sheri{f to answer to attagh- meets tothe amonat of $160,000. The Western Metropoiia did not leave for Toledo at nine o'clock (hia evening, her ‘usual boar. —_—. News from Wasnintgon, THE SOUTHERN FIRE-KATING OnGA: WHAT THEY REYRESENT—TEE POL POSES OF THE SOUTHERN DEMOCRATIC ULTRAS. Wasmincton, Angast 27, 1867, The Northern political press, of all parties, attaches too mach impcrtance to the cant and rani of such Souther Bre cating organs asthe Richmond S../i, the Chartestom Mercury, and the New Orleans Delia. Thowe papers do not speak the public opinion, nor even ibe prevatling opiaion of the comocracy, of any Southern Stale. The Richmond South a Whe orgen of a violent but numorically amall fae. tion of tho Virginia democracy, The back bone of thin Parer is notin Virginia, but among the managing loaders of tho slavery witras living 19 Siates farther South. The Charleston M-rcury la Bot the leading organ of public sen- (ment in South Carolina, nor anything like {t. It 1s etmpiy the orgsu and the property of RK, Barnwell Rhett, and the Iittle squad of disuniosists which he carricsintow. The New Orleans D.Uc te but the trumpeter of Jefferson Davia, and the manager of bis cave for the next Presidency. Nor ia the programme of those Southorn ultras the re- dvction of ali polliioa! parties into two groat sectional par- tes, and @ violeat collision between them, which shall blow up the Union and clear the ground for a Southers confederacy. Their pian is, first, either to contro! the ad- ministration or to break up the democracy in the South. | Secondly, after broaking up the Southern demoorsey, they | costomplate the orgusization of aa inepondent Southern section?! party, and to bave one among the throe candl- dates which they calculate will be carried up in 1800 ta tho Touro of Representatives at Washington: and that once in ti House, they may command (he President or the terms of his election. BLOOOY BATTLE WITH INDIANS — aPraemmm=D TROUBLE IN KANSAS — THE NEW GRANADA QURS- TION, ETC. Wasmvotow, August 21, 1867, ‘The Secreiary of War to-day received intolligence that & desperate engygement recently took place between the United States troop commanded by Colonol Sumner and large band of Cheyenne Indians, in which two officers end one or two privates were Killol The slaughter emong the Indians was terrible. Fol! particulars are ex- pected in a few days, Colonel Sumner was tent ont om (bia expediiion to chastise these Indians for depredations committed last year. Deapatches were recetved to-day from Governor Walker tn Kansas, Ele reports everything quiet in the Territory. He 'e, however, apprehensive that difcriics may artes ‘Mt the October election, and that {i will be nocesmry to ‘have ® full military force stationed in some locaiiticn im ‘Case any riot or outbreak should occur, ‘The New{(Granadian negotiations are drawing te @ close. ‘The treaty will doubtless be concluded in afew days, The accident to the telegraph cable and ite probable failure for this geagon are seriously regrette: by the Prest- dent and Cabinet, The President was yory sanguine of te acces, THE GUVERAL WEWEPAPER DENPAICH. CONSULAR APPOINTMENTS—IMPORTANT DROISTONS OF THE SPONFTARY OF THE TREASURY, ETO. ‘Wasmpctox, August 71, 1867, ‘The President hae made the following apprintments— sal Rein, ee Consal at Liverpool, vice Consul at Paris, vico McRae, re ore! oe ee Fa Oonsal at Aspinwall, vise Ona he ime tmneienet the deotaton of tho Collector of Now York, charging a duty of 24 por comtnm onan article deveribed ae ‘an embroidered cut ‘volvet slipper upper,’ It being colton velvet: ard over. ruling the Collector's assesemont of 24 per cenivu on gars bearoin, and 16 om leeches, He doolded that te former shall be charced 8 per cent and the latter be only fro. ‘The Secretary of the Treasury has alirmed (as decision