The New York Herald Newspaper, August 16, 1857, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON i Gelume {tH ....... srevereescecesess MGs O26 AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. BIB: O8 GABDEN, Broadway - Tica: Rors—Baits, La Paquarenan—Iratias Bric ens P - taineaed THRATRE, Bowery —ilaucer— Hoe Live awp PURTON’S THEATRE, Rroadway, opposite Bond st.— Beakias Ormma —Locesria BoRc ia. /ALLACK’ A TRE. Bros¢way—Nox Oxeae ve S4- een a ses Mrnow any or VENICE Pamexuy en. LaUBa KEBNB'S fHbatas, Broadway—Basvtr .mD tus Beart—saies O' Lise ACADENY OF BUSIC.- Guawy Cnonat Ormga sy Oxe Sosvaxp axp Twexrr-rive Pauronmzss, BakNUWS aMEKIOAN MUSEUM Broadway—Brmeris Moseraessy—Cuaioarrias. &r MGOFANTOS GALL, 673 Broadway—Nazeo Macovirs, &o.—Dows us Aissama- By Ruvast's Minoramis. THIS EVENING. ACADEMY OF MUSIU, Fou rteonin Cor ora ey Owe FoxoRen Rew York, sunday, August 16, 1857. ‘The News. ‘The ste mship Baltic, Captain Comstock, for Liverpool, baving been detained yesterday by the tides, will leave port about two o'clock this after- noon. A supplementary foreign mail will be open Bt the Poat Office until one o'clock. Our columns this morning con‘ain the fall and thrilling particulars of a collision and loss of life on the Long Island Sound, about 2 o'clock on Saturday morning, between the Fall R.ver steamer Metropolis and the New London and Norwich propeller J. W. Harris, which resulted in the almost instanta. neers sinking of the Marr's, carrying down with her fifteen human beings, and a cargo of assorted mer- chandise valned at between $50,000 and $60,000 From the statements given it ‘is quite evident that the steamer will have to bear a large burthen of the blame attributable to the collision. The J. W. Harris was valued at about $22,500. No marine insur- ance. After the collision the passengers of the Metro- polis, some 200 in number, formed themselves into @ committee, and proceeded to relieve the im- mediate euffering of such of the wrecked passengers and crew as had been saved, and raised $495, which was distrbuted among them. An invalid gentle man on the Metrepolix, narigd George Tappen, from New Bedford, Mass., on his way with his wife South for his health, became so nervous and éxcited in consequence of the accident, that he went into a pa- Falytic fit and ummodiately expired. Our correspondents at Washington inform us that Abe govern tent yesterday received advices from the United States commercial agent at Aspinwall, dated on the Sd inst., giving some of the details of the tzenty entered into |ctween Costa Rica and Nicara- | gus. Nothing has been received from Wm. Carey | Jones at the State Department. Commander Ber- rian hes been ordered to relieve Commander Picker- ing st the Portsmouth Navy Yard. A number of | engineers have been orlered to the steamer Saranac, | now fitting for the Pacific squadron. Lord Napier \ is suid to be urging upon our government the ne- | cessity of sending more vessels to the coast of Afnes to sesist in suppressing the slavetrade. The number of guns we now maintain on the African coast is cixty-three, while by the Ashburton treaty the number should be eighty. Col. Nobles has been H heard from. He started on the Sth inst. from the Fiowx egency with the intention of pushing to the | Missouri river. Accounts from the Upper Platte | ndian agency state that a war had broken out be | ween the Crow and Sioux Indians, and that the | atter were fying ia groat consternation. ‘The pesition of Creat Britain in India is repre | sented by our Consu! at Calcutta, Mr. Huffaagle, | who has just arrived at Washington from his post, | as being most critical. The number of insurgents at Debi he states to be 48,000, and that they are weil scpplied with the sinews of war. His impres- sion is that if the English are defeated before Delhi | the native armies of the Bombay and Madras presi: | Gencies will revolt at once. In another column wi'l be found in ful a letter low, (not the Doctor,) of Kam to charges recently made against | him. He says it is lie that he ever lay down with Gen, Lane, or thet he was ever “hail fellow wel met” with lim: thet he ever stole the money sent from Miseouri or elsewhcre to make Kansas a slave Btate; that he is growing fat from eating tarkies and drinking champagne procured by the aforesaid money,or that he irs speculating in town lots in connection with Lape. . We give, in another part of today’s paper, our fan Francisco correspondence, and the report of the “Convention of California (marty Miners, beld at Sa- } cramento on the 1sth of June last, for the organiza- | tion of a permanent association of the members of | that body. The objects ofthe new society may be thas briefly etated:— Te facilitam the interchange of inions on the subject of quartz mining thoragh whica many usefal improvements in mechanism and chemistry way be sugrested—the appointment of a Corresponding Secretary, through whom the entire body may be addressed, and the securing the atten- tion of scientific men to quartz mining ly offering Liberal rewards for practical improvements cither in mechanism or chemistry Governor Purdy has been elected President. and W. B. Hwen, Esq., Correspond- ing Becrotury of the society. The anniversary exercises consequent on the cele- bration of the fifty first commencement of Bowdoin Cove ce, O4@ instant, and following days, closing on 6th of Aagust. Whes the State of Massachusetts had ju- risdiction over the colony which now forms the State cf Maise, the old commonwealth made e mu- nificent conation of land te the district for college Purposes. Bowdoin College was incorporated in the year 1704, and its first claes graduated in the year 1806. It bas been presided over by men of great intellectual ability, list of whose names and ser- vices we publish with ovr special report of the late exercises. The class which graduated this season was the largest whieh was ever sont from the halis of Bowdoin. No honorary degrees were conferred: Hon. Edward Everett repeated his address on “Washington,” aod the orations, Presidential levee, inner, ball and general festivities were of the nsual pleasing character. In the Court of Common Ploas yesterday Jndge Ingraham delivered his decisions on the two cases before him relsting to the Ptreet Commissioner's office. In the contempt case he adjadged Mr. Cono- ve Sty of the contempt, but reserved eentence in order to enable Conover make restitut on of the books and vacate his office, promising that if he did no the penalties duc to is oflence would be remitted, He decided t© con e the injunction retraining Conover and his acents from taking posseasion of the documents pertainiog to the Street Commis * office as regarde ail the parties, except Mr m the injunction te dis tunent is to te made to sione Field, with reapect t eoived. The order for pr Morrow at 10 o clock. ‘The ce er in the Apecial Sessions yesterday ‘Was very large, but few of the cases possessed the wo phtest interest A notorions woman named Bowers wae sent to the penitentiary for six months, for hating committ violent assault upon cfticer | dead and done for. ine, were duly observed on Monday, the | NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST 16, 1857. the Fifth ward. Abraham Piats was fined & like offence om officer Reynolis, of the “Becond ward. ‘The City Inspector reports 636 deaths during the past week—an increase of 65 as compsred with the Mortality of the week previous. The increase is mainly due to diseases of the stomach and bowels, end especially to the prevalence of cholera infantam, No leas than 134 deaths having occurred from that direase alone. There has also been a large increase in marasmus among infants, the deaths numoering 64 The following table exhibits the number of deaths during the past tvo weeks among adults and children, distinguishing the sexes: — Men, Women Boys. Girls, Total. Week ending Aug 8..,..72 7 89600 «(1b4 ST Werk ending Avg 16 ee 1 Among the principal causes of death were the following: lera morbus, 39 of diarrhoea, 13 of dysentery, 6 of inflammation of the bowels, 13 ef congestion of tne brain, 6 of congestion of the lungs, 17 of teething, 3 of delirinm tremens, 1 of sunstroke, 11 premature births, 27 stillborn, and 24 deaths from violent causes including 10 drowned. Of the total number 490 were under 10 years of age. The following is a classification of the diseases and the number of deaths in each cinss of disease during the week:— 8. Aug. 1b. 3 Totl.....s00e 581 036 ‘The number of deaths, compared with the corres" ponding weeks in 1555 and 1856, was as follows:— ‘Week ending Aug. 15, 1866. ‘Week ending Avy. 16, 1856 Week ending Avg. 8, 158 Week ending Aug. 15, 1857. The nativity table gives 522 natives of the United Btates, 71 of Ireland, 28 of Germany, and the balance of various foreign countries. The sales of cotton were confined to aboxt 400 a 500 bales, at very full prices, and closed withont willing sel- ler under 165 153{c, for middling uplands, and at 1c, for middling New Orleans. The flour market was dull and sales modorate, closing with a tendency to lower rates, especially for common quall'ies. Wheat was less buoy- ant, while sa'es were chie‘ly confined to new Southern red at $1 70a $172, and white do. at $1 60 a $1 82, and alot of Milwaukio club was reported at $1 42. Corn c'osed heavy. Bales of Western mixed were made to a moderate extent ‘at 86c. a 860. Pork was firm, with sales of mons at $24 76; while prime was beld at $21. Sugars were sold toa fair extent, without further change in prices. Coflve was frm ‘with fair pales at full prices. The pubitc sale held on tho ‘1sth inst. was @ very good one, and pretty well ap to the full current prices of the trade. Freights were without po ie ia momont In rates, while es,agements were mo- aie. Know Rothingism Defunct— Reconstruction of Parties for 1560. Our reeders will find a very interesting and tuggestive article in these columns, from the Rich- mond Whig, on the collapse and dissolution of the ysterious, boisterous and universal, but moet nt and useless American party. Our Richmond cotemporary confesses that Know Nothingism has been used up, and is defanct, and that the only chance of suecess against the cun- ning and scheming democracy in 1860 is the fusion of all the opposition elements, North and | South, into a now and homogencous national | organization. Our Richmond philosopher also | expresses the opinion that such a party will be the cnly party in the field for the next Presidency against the re-organized battalions of the admin- istration democracy upon the platform of the public plunder. Now here arc several polnts worthy a moment's serious consideration. We entirely agree with the Richmond Whig that Know Nothingiem is Its death-blow was adminis- tered last Novernber, and all its signs of life since that day bave been nothing more than the par- | oxysms of a painful dissolution. But from this point we are Ied into a train of conclu- sions widely different from those of our Vir- ginia “old line whig” editor. We do not believe that the slavery agitation will be silenced with the admission of Kansas into the Union, whether as a free State or at arlave State. Wedo not believe that the opposition elements of all rec. tions and parties will be or can be moulded into # general party combination against the demo- cratic purty aad its principles, as represented by Mr. Buchanan's administration. In 1840 we had « splendid exemplification of the policy and popularity of @ general union of the opposition masses agaiust the party in power —an opposition combination resting ite cause against the meacures of an extravagant, reckless | Sion of 1857, and its terrible consequences, had prodoced an effect upon the popular mind which would be eatiefied with nothing less than a eweeping revolution. Gen. Harrison's clection, therefore, wae a victory, clearly uud sharply de- fined, and overwhelming in ite results against Van Baren’s administration. But every Preei- dential clection since that day, except that of 1552, was more or less the result of accident or side ieeues. Thus fifteen thousand opposition votes in the State cf New York in 1844, cast for Birney instesd of Clay, made Jdmes K. Polk President, by plurality in the State | vote of some five thourand. Thus by the Van | Buren eplit in 1848 New York and the Presidency were lost to Gen. Casa. The election of 1852 was the reeult of a grand movement of the conserva- tive masses of the country against the agitation of the slavery question, and in favor of peace upen the basis of the compromise measures of 1550. This was a popular revolution against the slavery agitators. But what next’ Through the bad faith, the treachory, the weak- noss and wickedness of poor Pierce, the tremen- dous popular vote which called him to power was speedily frittered away, and by the year 1856 the democratic party stood before the country with a popular majority ugainst it of upwards of three bundred thousand votes. In view of thix etate of things, the New York Herato urged again and again the fusion of all the opposition elements in the Union into a compact party against the corruptions and excesses of a weak aod wicked administration, according to the brilliant example of 1840. But no; our Know Notbiog friends were too barge for their breeches, and they elected Mr. an by a proceeding similar to that of 1844, or of Martin Van Buren in 1848, therefore, somewhat remarkable that a leading organ of the very faction which caused the ¢ hundred thourand opposition majority in 1656 to be thrown away in a side movement, should be the very first to propos» the anion of the opposition clemente for 1860. Still, we should have no objection to this, but for the fact that the olden opportunity has passed by. Tae and corrupt administration. The financial revul. | | effected in the couree of the last oentary. edministration of Mr. Buchanan has repudiated the corrupt policy. apd consequently it does not euffer the popular odium which blasted the ed- mivietration of his incompetent predecessor. Oa the contrary, the ‘air and conciliatory course adopted and pursved by Mr. Buchacan oa Kan- eas affuirs bas attracted the confidence of the country, eo that the prospect of orgeuizing a powerful national party against his edminist-a- tion is by no means flattering. We rather think that the party of conservatiem and of sucess will be ® new national party in 1860, resting vp™ the conciliatory and fair dealing national polcy of Mr Boohanan It Kansas is admitted as a slave State, right or wron, the Nortoern d-mocracy will disappcar frcm ‘he earth like @ vapor; if she is ad- mitted as a free State, justly or unjustly, the re. enlt wiil be aeplit of the Southera demoxracy and the organization of the sccession wiog as the nocleue of a rsbid Southern sectional party. We teke it for granted that Kansas will come in as a free State, and that the Satbern sectional party indicated wil be the fist conseqnence. ‘Thus prhape, as carly as next summer we shall bave a Souvhern sectional on the platform of the secessionist, yrought ont upon the course, while our Nortbern anti-davery forces itl ao- questionsb!y eather confidence and bol {pers from the free State solution of the Kansas tost question What then? Between these sectional extremes is it not apparent that the only alternative to the conservative business classes of the whole Union will be a third party, standing cordially by the conciliatory policy of Mr. Buchanan, bim- telf removed from the political arenaY These are our views of the drift of the political iesuca, sections ard factions of the day. At all events, we apprehend that our cotemporary of the Rich- mond Wiig is entirely too fast with his pro- position of a general fusion of the opposition forces, North ard South, against the admivistra- tion. The couvtry is with the administration, | and dispoeed to give it a generous and cordial fupport upon the genera! principles of Mr. Bu cbapan’s inaugural Let us await the develope- ments of the first mouth of the new Congress. It was the last Congress that shaped ont the parties and issues of the Presidential clection of | 1856, and this next Congrese will initiate tae re- construction of parties for 1860. A Northern sectional party is already in the field—a Southern sectional party is in process of formation. The party supporting the administration must be pre- pared to risk the Southern sectional rebellion, or for the greater eacrifice of the absolute anuihila- tion of the remains of the Northern democracy. The administration will hold its course. Against it two eectional parties will be arrayed ; and in support of its policy of harmoniziog the North and the South, by a strict adhesion to the consti- tution, we sball have a third party in 1860; apd whetber the candidate of that party is Fro- mont or any other good man, he will be clected— for the Union sentiment of the country will still be triumphant. The Ocean Telegraph—Triumphs of Science over Space. The announcement which we recently published of the junction of the two coils of telegraph cable which are toconnect the Old World and the New, and of the successful transmission of a mes- sage through their entire lerg'h sets at rest one of the chief obstacles anticioated to the accom- plishment of this great enterprise. It will be re- collected that it was contended by mavy who were supposed to have experience in such mat- ters, that it would be impossible to send a per- fect meseage through such an immense extent of wire. The first experiment made on the Atlantic cable, since its junction, shows that out of the water and unchecked by avy of the counteract- ing influences which at such great depths it may be liable to, there is no difficulty whatever in its transmission. The only two points which now remain to be decided are—first, the possibility of laying the cable securely, and secondly, of transmitting messages through it along the bed of the ocean. ‘The veescls entrusted with the task of paying out the wire were to commence their work on the Sd or 4th of this month, and are probably by this time half way across the Atlantic, We shall, therefore, probably know in less than ten days whether a succersfal solution to those questions has been obtained. For our own part we do not eptertain the slightest doubt on the subject, and we believe that at this moment the current of communication between the Agamem- Possersions which bavecost suck @ large exyendi- tare of blood and treasure. ‘The political feature of this extract, interest. ing oa it is, is, however, not toat whicn most attracts our attention in this connection It isthe comparison of the time occupied in the transmission of Indian news at that day aad in our own, which proves to us that however toe power apd influence of nations may retrograde, the goneral progress of the wo'ld and of bamani- ty cannot be arrested by euch vicissitadce, By the extract above quoted it will be seen that the advices from Bombay, which are dated the 16th and 19th of January, were no’ received in London until the 29th of Juae following— just five movths and ten days. The date of the New York Gazette, towhich they are transterred, is the Sth of October, so thatit took three months to convey the intelligence to our own shores. Now let us examine the improvement which has been made on this enail’s pace within the last few years, Until Lieut. Waghorn’s time but little had been done to faeilitate tne transmission of intelligence between Great Britain and the fo- dian ¢mpire Since the period, however, when that cpergetic and illased man forced uvon the attention of @ seiuctant government the im- provements which his active mind sag gested, rapid strides have been made towards the abridgement of the time occupied in the communication between them. To him, and to him alone, do the English owe the fact—a vi- tally importont one in their present critical cir- cumstancee—that the transmission of news from the two Presidencies to London does not take more than six weeks. What chances would tuey bave had of saving their Indian territories, un- der a new and inexperienced Viceroy and incom- petent generale, if five montos were to be con- eumed before they could despatch cfficient men and competent instructions to the scene of action ? How much we ourselves have benefitted by the discovery and improvement of steam navigation it is urnecessary to poiot out. The fact that we can reecive from London the news of the [odian and China mails in little more than nine days is in itself a sufficiently striking evidence of pro- gress since the period when it took three months to place us in possession of their contents. But warvellous as have been these triumphs of patience and enterprise over space, they are about to dwindle into insignificance before the fresh changes which the ocean telegraph is destined io bring about. Another fortnight, and the first link in the great chain will be completed which is to bind continent to continent. and to place witbin the reach of countries widely separated the means of almost daily communication with each other. Let us hope that no unforeseen ac- cident will occur to postpone temporarily the consummation of this great work. Of its ulti- mate accomplisbment, no intelligent mind can entertain the slightest doubt. The Steam Marine of Great Britain. We gave a day or two since the names, ton- nege, horse power, lincs of traffic and all other interesting particulars of the steam marine of Great Britain engaged as contract packets in the foreign and ocean mail service. Any one whoeupposes that the list includes the entire steam mercantile marine ot the British em- pire will have to revise his opinion. Many of the largest ocean steamers, like the Himalaya, were never surveyed for the mail eervice, and conse- quently do not figure in the list of mail steamers. The Himalaya is a screw steamer of about 5,000 tons burden, cort £152,000, was built for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Com- pany, and during the Crimean war transported from Malta to Varna 3,000 men and 800 horses ata single trip. The Great Eadtern, not yet finished, will soon add near 20,000 tons to the present steam fleet. By a late official report we learn that there are owned in the United Kingdom 1,669 steam vessels, being an aggregate of about 600,000 tons Of these are owned, or at least registered, in Lon- don 514 steamers, with a tonnage of 256,102, representing a power of 60,27%horses. Liverpool comes next in the list, owning 144 vessels, of 87,- 615 tons; Glasgow 142, of $6,842 tons; Hall 61, of 20.715 tons; Newcastle of 12,106 tons; Leith 44, of 11,495 tons; Dublin 45, of 10,789 tons; and Shields 105—principally small river craft-—of 6,839 tons, Poor Bristol, that set the carliest example to all Europe of the first suc- cersful trip acroes the Atlantic of a Luropean steamer, owni steam vessels, of an aggregate capacity of 6,146 tons—a tonnage but little more non in mid ocean and tbe Irish coast is as unin- terrupted and satisfactory as the most ardent well-wishers of the enterprise can desire. By the lst of September, at farthest, we confidently expect to have it in our power to communicate daily with our agents in Liverpool and London, and to publish in our morning editions brief ab- stracts of what bas occurred in London the night before. Whilst committing to paper this hopeful antici- pation, we have unconsciously cast our eycs on an object which suggests a striking commentary on the conquests over space which science has Ina frame on the wall of the apartment in which we write is a copy of the New York Gazetie, or Wekly Post Boy, of October 5, 1747. By a curious enough coincidence it contains, under date of London, July 7, an extract from the Kast India Company's advices from the Governor and Council of Bombay, dated the 16th and 19th ot January, 1747, and received in London on the 29th of June, At this time the Fast Iodia Com- pany were contending against the French for the preservation of some of their newly acquired con- questa The following account is given of the first abortive attempt on Fort St. Davids. It is contained in a letter from the Deputy Governor of Bombay, dated 13th December, 1746:— On the 18th inst. we bad notice by our: enemios’ whole garrison, consisting of about trope. 200 peont and ey others, eet oat Pomdicher-y that day Cannon, mo tare, &o. That ening they arrived within a mile of oar Round hedge, ae font irons 33 i place wo detached 1,6000f oor black orders to attack them {imme iately and to harass a8 much as poesibie all night, which they did, and at break begen ® regular encammmont. The enemy ‘more pieces of cannon forcet ubeir way quite to Moors’ camp advancing upon & party of which was all sally out, they wore afraid of boing eur- and begrn to retreat with great prosipitstion, ere puraned by the whole force aa above, and SS Se cetaceans adel ty eset ve and veveded, and took ei) the! tonte, ‘ammunition, tt camels, two moriare with tholr #holla, three or foar drams, two cheats of epare arme, thelr provisions, palant'us, aad, in short, everything they broaght with ther but their can. non, Which wo were apprehensive thoy hat buried, and aro looking for. Among tho slain are three oF four oflieera of diainetion, apd netwithetanding this defeat thoy talk of viaiting un again. One hundred and ten years after the event above narrated, in which the Company's forons were able to hold their own, the Indian mails bring us accounts of a general revolt and muti- py amongst their troops, of their inability to re take the ancient capital of Dethi from which they have been disistrousy expelled, and of the general consternation and fear prevailing amongst the European population in both Presi- dencics that they will not be able to retain the a ti g than that of a single steamer like the Vanderbilt or Adriatic. The modest port of Dandce has 7 steamers, of 2,460 tons. We do not find that Plymouth, Dartmouth or Southampton figure in the list at all, or Cork, Belfaet, Aberdeen or Surderland. They seem to be too insignificant to chronicle. But wherever the steamers may be owned or registered, we bave scen that South- ampton has the bulk of the business of sending off and receiving the large fleet of steamships that convey her Mejesty’s mails to foreign coun- tries. Sixty six vessels, of an aggregate ton- nage of 91,699 tons, make nine departares and nine arrivals monthly at Southampton. The annual subsidies paid for the mail ser. vice of these steamers is bat one thousand dollars short of three millions and a half. But the palmy days of large contracts for con- veying the foreign mails of the kingdom are gone by. Their steam flect is so large, the competition 80 great, and the improvements in screw vessels #0 palpable, that after the present contracts are out there is no chance that many of them will be renewed on anything like as favorable terms as the present, The present contracts are all terminable at six or twelve month’s notice, ex- cept the Australian, the India and China, the West Africa and South Africa, the North Ame- rican and the West Indian and Brazilian, and these terminate in 1862, The postal deficit, or difference between the postal receipts nnd the contract price, for the service amounts to some £325,000 per annum, or @ million and a half of our money. The report of the Committee on Contract Packets, after announcing this result of the mail servic, says: —“Although this cireum- stance shows the necessity for a carcful revision of the service, and although we believe that much may be done to make that servico self- supporting, we do not consider that the money thus expended is to be regarded, even from a fis- cal point of view, as a national loss.” That report was made in 18533, Since that time great changes have taken place. The Russian war has begun and ended, and the mercantile eteam fleet of the kingdom has increased tome forty per cent. Nearly one-balf of the ocean sieamers that touch at Southampton are foreign vessels. Collins tends half as many stoamers to Liverpool asenter there of the Cunard line. The subsidy granted to thie, the pioneer line of American steamships, has been cut down more than one half. The Canadian government bas made a contract for $120,000 a year to rua a line from Liverpool te the St. Lawrence in summer and to Portland in § 68 of onvev anne at requisite Co iti we are eati-fod eee lation of + hip + there should be free trade ia com letters, ap ip ail things lee mene Such is the Janguage of the British govern-. know the condition of the British steam mail service, avd we see the mercantile stam marioe of our etrongest competitor for the world’s com- merce. Sivce the close of the war in the Crimes an immenee number of steamers have been seek- ‘ing employment in various parts of the world. We can judge eomething of the vast increase of this traffic by eeeing the steam trade between England and the’ Baltic. In 1853 the British steamers from England and Scotland to the Bal- tic po ts nombered 26, and these made 79 voyages. Tn 1856 there were 156 different steamers in the Baltic trade, and these made 334 voyages, Steam is now entering the ficld of competition in certain descriptions of traffic in Great Britain that as yet have scarcely excited a thought among Aoericean shipowners. The domestic and foreign coal trade is now transacted largely in steam col- liers, and with manifest advantages and profit, witbout any increase of rates of freight. A new steamer was Inunched but a few weeks aince, one of the principal proprictors being the Chairman of the London Coal Exchange— and this is to ply in the coal trade between the Tyne and London. It will carry 1,500 tons of coal, besides fucl for the round trip; and from the past performances of other steam colliers, this vessel—the William Cory—is expected to do the work of twenty ailing vessels of 300 tons each, and without half the outlay of capital, or one-fourth the expense for the victaalling and wages of men. It is no longer an experiment, Screw colliers have been in operation ever two years, and they are largely on the increase, both in number and size. By a new method a vessel of the size of the William Cory can be uploaded and take in ballast for a return voyage in one day. The ballast used is water, pumped into tanks by the steamer’s en. gines. Last year a screw steamer was launched for deep sca fishing off the coast of Scot- land, and a few months since a steam whaler was despatched to the Arctic sea. With fleet steamers to chase the whale among the icebergs, with harpoon guns to strike the mon. sters, and electric batteries to kill, the old Ame- rican lugger, floundering about for two or three years to get half fall of oil and bone, may as well lay up, for there can be no competition in such arace. The last news from England brings the intelligence that the screw steamer Golden Fleece, 2,700 tors, and five other steamers of nearly equal size, the Lady Jocelyn, the Austra- lian, the Sydney, the Victoria, and the Scotland bad just been chartered by the East India Company to convey troops to India round the Cape. ‘The number of ocean steamers, indepen- dent of these, in the mail service in Great Bri- tain is not less than six hundred. With a naval force of 271 war steamers, a mercantile marine of 1,669 steamboats and ships, and 121 steam ves- sels in the ocean mail service, and with steam transports for war purposes, steam collicrs, steam fishing versels and steam whalers, we cannot wonder at the supremacy of Groat Britain on the ocean, We cannot wonder that the ex- ports and imports of the United Kingdom mount to ¢ixteen hundred million dollars (#1,600,000,000) in a year, while our foreign commerce is less than six hundred millions. The French government has made a contract giv- ing an annual subsidy of fourteen million francs for no less than twenty-six ocean mail steamers of the largest size, to run to the United States, South America, West Indies and the African coast. The Russian Commercial Steam Company in the Black Sea have already, by their competi- tion, driven away the 'urkieh steamers, and the next great project of the Czar is to unite the Black, Caspian and Aral seas by a ship canal. Holland, the free city of Hamburg, and the little States of Belgium, Portagal and Sardinia have either in operation or now bailding, ocean steam- cers to compete for the trade of North and South America. Such isa faint picture of the Euro- | pean mercantile steam fleet in the year of grace 1857. THE LATEST NEWS. Interesting from Washington. NICARAGUA 4ND (O8TA RICA AD PAlRe-—-NAVAL SER VICR—COLONRL NOPIRS—MORE INDIAN DI8TC! ANCES—THE AVRICAN SLAVE TRADS—TAR MU, IN INDIA—TREASULAR’S WRORLY STATEMENT, Wasmsotox, August 16, 1867, The Navy Department yesterday received advicts dated Aspinwall, Angust S, from Commander Chatard, commanding the United States ship Saratoga. Hi closes & very interesting letter from R. Squire Court, United States Commercial Agent, who says that quiet {s once more resiored. A boundary line has been agreed upon between the Stas of Costa Rica and Nicaragus. Fort San Carlos, ot the head of the river San Jusn, and Fort El Castillo Viejo, thirty miles below, are to be given bask to Nicaragas. A straight line is to be run from Castillo to Salinas Day, on the Pacific, which line is to separate the States. Costa Rica is t) havo the north bank Of the river Ban Jaan fro" Castillo to this harbor. ‘The goverament of Nicaragua, as at prosont constituted, has two chie’s. General Jerez is at the head of the Io. onese, and Gencral Martine? at the head of the Granadians, Both those 'eadors are on the most cordial terms of amity with each other, The Secrotary of State te Senor Don Gregorio Anares. Sonor Don Hosalio Cortes is M niste” of War, and Senor jon Macario Alvarez Minister of Ha clenda. General Caas a much surprsed at not having recetyed despatches from our special ogemt in Central Ameria, | William Carey Jones, Not @ word has been received from him. ‘Tho administration is decided !y opposed to, and will no recognise, any right of Corte Rica to Interfere with tho ‘Transit, any private arrancement to the contrary notwith- standing. The new Granadian treaty wae: discussed in Lord Napier \ urging upon the governmeh: the sond- (Og of more vessols of war to the coast of Africa to aasiet in suppreseing the slave trade. My the Ashburton treaty We agree to maintain eighty gone there, whily ad p esent ‘wo bave but sixty three. This ie caured by the fact that several of tho voosols have beon obliged to come home from the expiration of the term of onlistment of their crows, ond the Becretary of tho Navy has mot hed any versola with which he conld replace them. Indeed, he finds bim-olf !m no email degree Porple: od by the constant Fequiremeata pon bim for yessole to eupply the necessary ‘Work of the navy, Ovr Ipresent force te, im fret, far be low the wante of a poace establishment, and would bo Very Insiqnifoant in the event of a war. Mr. Hof. ayel, our Covmnl at Calcatta, called ab the State Departmest thie morning He has come straight from bis post, and representa the position of Brien Indian aa men ané two years of time, beside the expexditure of al ‘moet fabulous amounts of money to re establi-h her rule | tere. ‘The Interlor Department has received Intelligence to the effcot that Cul. Nobles left the Sioux agency, Minnesom, on the 6th instant, to rejoin bis party at the bead of ine Cotton ood river, and intends to push forward to the our river at al) hazards. y » Advices from tbe Upper Platte Indien Agency, dated Raw Bide Butte, July 6, say that a report hae reached there within the last week that the Crow tribe had com- enced bostllites against the Sioux and had made a forny with a var party on the Platte, forty miles above Rew Hide Butte, and had stolen a large number of horees—ony- woven as staied—Dbelonging to whites and Indians, They threaten further outrages. No facts or particalars ona be Got at save only the Bioux version of the story. Ne whites havo come in nor ont ip any account of the affadr. It teal mystery, for tn May last the Crow acd Soux (wines were friendly end well disposed towards eachother, and no tue can be gotto this.sudden outbresk. One hing {a corta'n and pretty evidemt—the Sioux‘are alarmed and ere all running away from the Upper Platte. Some two bundred lodges of them have pa-sed down below eince the fret report, and are now on the Piattefand L'eau qai Ceart. The following Engineers have been ordered to the United States steam frigate Sarauac, now at Philadelphia, pre- paring for ven for the Pacific squadron:—Chief Eogines, Theodore Zeller; First Avsistant, R. 0. Potts; Second Assis- tants, H A. Ramsay and Wm. H Hunt; Third Assistanta, N. B Litig, E A.C, Duplaine and W. R. dchley. Commander Joba M. Berrian bas been ordered to Ports- moath, N. H., Navy Yard, to relieve Commander Picker- tog. ‘The following is the Treasurer's weekly statement, @howing the amount to bis credit, according to returns re- ceived up to Monday, August 10, 1857 at the treecary, with assistant treasurers, and in designated depnaitorics + ‘also the amount of drafts outstanding and unpaid and the amount now subject to drali :— Amt on tut Not Paid. "wo TLD Ss o atane 2.977.108 63 172044 AS 2.84 648 98 TTULRIG 15 GIN ISE 1 6 Bes. 084 OF SoTt tM. 93° Seg OF ‘7.0m 7a) 68 RG IT LaeeNe fe Hits WF 1,uun.rs2 © 130,028 63 85S.386 48 = 30s as 2205 sees mele sia ‘121.86 96) -HS'3 OF 981838 AB 1028279 “1,360 00 101622 79 pret 3 306 a6 Wore ees OSS 1eim og 1844 @ Sle YR 26 19 56806 6D 127.000 9907 4S OL UT 6 6.487 3S ‘BaGS “GIS 29 6 meme 840k an we MO6NT 665178 OLAS 1s pune 380 kOe To AS G1 TLS Ae Soy yaat are se T8161 66 Gli OD 1S 1A os 2344 500 00 = 231400 OF 2,200 on 16 LS Tp 2 00 00 ‘82,0n@ 0b 1,603 a Lane 00 000 00 & 929,637,968 87 9,604,964 47 30; ‘YHE GENERAL WEWHPAPER DESPATCR. THE NEW RUGPIAN TARIPP. ‘Wasucros, August 16, 1867. Official devpatches recetved at the State Department speak in favorable terms of the ameliorating influcaces af the new Russian tariff, saying the commencement of tts Operation affords evidence that the prosen| Emperor enter- tains viows difforent from his predocossor, and affords ope that other important reforms may follow. Books in all languages aro duty free, subject only to the usual cea- sorehip. Russian subjects living in foreign countries cam sow tavel for five years, wiih s reduction in the passport fess. More Indian Sr, Loo, August 16, 1867. Advices from Fort Kearney atete thaia party of nineteen rdvers, charged with upwards of 800 head of cattle, des. tined for the bencfit of the Utah expedition, were attacked twenty-one miles above the fort on the Ist inst. by a party of 150 Cheyennea. All the cattle and twenty-one mules were rua of, aad one man wns killed, and another severely wounded. Three Of the Indians were slain. Col. Sudor had started in par- eult of the Indians. Fatal Explosion of a Powder Magazine. Hattrax, August 14, 1867. ‘The Merchants’ Powder Magazine, containing the whole @ock of powder in Halifax, exploded with terri‘ic com- oussion shortly after midnight last night. One mas was killed and fifteen others were seriously injured. Five houses were demolished and several damaged. The go- ‘Vornment magezine and the new barracks were mock ehattored, and nearly all the windows in the northern part. of the city were broken, The damagetare ostimated at $100,000, The magazine is supp sed to hare boon fred by anincondiary, For hours the oxclomont was intonse, Many persons had been thrown from their beds, an! others dow!idered rashod {nto the streets for cafety, believing am eartjuake bad oocurred. allroad Disaster. Eastom, Augas\ 15, 1887. railroad te was piscod upon the 4rack of the Betyt. acd Delaware Railroad, = short distance below |, lant night, throwin. ihe cxpress traia off the track, doing considerable damage to the engine and the Fortepately the train was going slow, and ae ‘was injared. very ofort is being mado to discover the perpetrators of the outra; 9. Anant, Avguat 15, 1867. efi Fire at Point Levi, Opposite Quebec. Qramac, August 16, 1867, An {ncendiary leet pight fired some wooden buildings tm Point Levi, opposite this city, and twenty of them were deatroy ed. ‘The Southern Mail, Wasmsctos, August 16, 1967, No mail was received today from New Ts ewspapers received eontain nothing of Markets, PUTLADELPHIA #TOCK BOARD. Me; Toe, inna cane 11M; Morrie Canal, 6296 _—_ Censurable Negligence of the PeMk Slip Ferry Company—Ferry Boats without Life Boats, The Niagara—one of the Williameburg ferry boata, . i i # i BE uy F i E ‘i Ie FH iH 2 a3 idl i in Fi 5 3 z Es z = : 3 235.