The New York Herald Newspaper, July 26, 1857, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. eee SAMES GURDON BENNETT, DITOR 42ND PROPRIETOR © $24 26, and 1,00 10 were sold, de iverable and paya ble in: even at $24 12. Bogars closed with an easier tone than they noalfested in the early part ef the week, ‘wih a fair amount of sales. Coffee was frm, and sales confined to about 760 bags of Rio at lijge Freight on DPPION H.W. CORES OF FULTON AND HABSAD OFS. Begemenls were light, while rates were wachanged. sae mee a pe Ng ig he pr. oy Brg mere te Cony part he Gontinan, both “ VD EN Ry Te ‘Teaser ro Bea amo P, ‘0 NOTICE taken of anonymous correspondence, We do not Pehern Chowe reverted. JOB PRINTING executed @@)-neatness, cheapness and dee (4D VERTISEM ENTS renewed every day. Wolume EED......0........... vessseseseel¥@, 905 | resistance to its further encroachments. AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. FIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway—Fortr amp Firrr—La Bovquersas—Livine Too Fast, ATER, Bowery—Ls Tous ps Nesig- 4 Boatwan’s Lira, BURTON'S NEW THEATRE. Broatway, opposite Guanp Mosioat Fasviva: arp Puomamape Concasr. BOWERY THE. ‘Twenty Yeas or Bond— WALLAOK'R THEATRE, Hroadwav—Geisr ro Tir Mis —BarLoos, O8 THE Mewouarr ov Vrvice l'ReSERY ED. THEATRE, 65 Brosdway—O.reruns NEW OLYMPIO Bier Van Wisxus. BARNUNS AMERIOAN MUSEUM, Broadway—Braiortix opened on this city, the same class of legislators GEO, OHRISTY & WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway Tux Magioiux—Necxo Minstraisr, &c. MECHANIO“’’ HALL, 472 &0.—Bawpost Ackosats -Br THIS EVENING. BURTON'S TERATRE—Griwn Ficavm Concent oy THe Moverer CRCHEOTRA AND Cxomus Comranr, Kew York, Sunday, July 26, 1857. ‘The News. Nothing of genera! interest happened yesterday with reference to the Street Commissioner quarrel}. Argament was made for Mr. Conover in the con- tempt case, and the matter was adjourned ti! Tues- day next, owing to counsel for the plaintiffs being engaged in other courts in the meantime. The question as to the final disposition of the books and papers of the Street Commissioner's office came up before Judge Peabody, but no proceedings tock place, the Judge preferring to await the result of ‘the proceedings in the Court of Common Pleas. See” our reports elsewhere for details. The Police Commissioners met at ten o'clock yes" terday morning; but as Mr. Choiwell was absent by reason of sickness, and Mayors Wood and Powell by reason of the necessity of attending to their official duties, ‘here was no quorum, and no business was tranaacted. Severs! suits have been brought in the Marine Court and will be tried before Judge McCarthy ina few days, to recover pay for the old Police up to the present time, the claimants insisting that they have not been dismissed from the force as required by | the act organizing the Metropolitan Police. There | are about twelve hundred of the old police interested in this question, and if the suits should be decided | in favor the claimants it will form a considerable | tep: of disbursement for Comptroller Flagg. | In the Court of Special Sessions yesterday Tho- mas Ryan, convicted of rioting in tbe Sixth ward, | waa sentenced to pay a fine of twenty-five dollars. | Seven respectable looking Germans, 12th inst., were arraigned, but they demanded jury | trials. They will be tried in the Court of General Sessions at the ensuingterm. The persons convict- i ed of violeting the Quarantine laws will be sentenced on Tuesday next. | The steamship Arago, which sailed from this port yesterday for Southampton and Havre, took out one hundred and twenty passengers. In the List of names we notice those of Hon. Hamilton Fish and family and Mr. J. A. Thomas, late Assis- tant Secretary of State. E On the second page of today’s HeraLp may be found a very interesting report of the proceedings at s banquet given to the officers of the steam fri- gute Nisgara, by the American residents of Liver | pool, on the last anniversary of our vational inde pendence. Elsewhere we publish interesting letters from Pa- ris, Liebon and St. Petersburg. Our correspondent at the last named capital announces the promulga tion of the new tariff, and shows how tha! impor- | tant measure will affect trade between the United States and the Russian empire. It appears that the | protectionist party made a strenuous effort to pre- | vent the royal signature being affixed to the docu- ment. The imperial family will, it is said, re-unite, after their present European tour, in St. Petersburg in Beptember, to witness the marriage of the Grand Duke Michael to the Princess Cecilia of Baden. Prince Cherniskeff, a veteran soldier and diplomat, | and one of the last relics of the great war of 1812, | had died in Naples. ‘The City Inspector reports 471 deaths during tho pest week—an increase of 07 a8 compared with the mortality of the week previous. Nearly all this in- crease is attributable to diseases of the stomach, boweis, &c. The public health is, however, unusual- ly good, aa will be seen by a table given below, in which the mortality of the past week is compared nthe corresponding weeks of the two 3 The following tabie exhibits the number of deaths during the past two weeks among adults and children, distinguishing the sexes:— charged with these encroachments on their rights, resolved, participating in the Seventeenth ward riot on the | however, to use all constitutional means to over- Important Political Sovement. The outrageous and scandalous course of the last State Legislature iu distranchisiog the peo- ple of this metropolis, aud usurpisg our munici- pal government, has had ut least one good and salutary effect. It bas disgusted tlle hoaest and conservative men of a/] parties with the thing called black republicanism, and has aroused them to the necessity of ® vigorous and united The avarchy and disorganization that have been pro duced in this city as the uataral fruits of Albany legislation, have opened the eyes of the people, Rot only pf this metropolis, bat throughout the en- tire State, to the danger of allowing power to remain in the hands of a party so ready to use it to destroy their liberties avd imperil their lives and property, What has been done in New York to-day might be repeated to-morrow in Buffalo, Syracuse, Troy and Albany. And there is no doubt that, flushed with the success of the attack would be encouraged, next session, to repeat the attack on every other city, village, county and town in the State, and to reduce them to the con- dition of mere eatrapies, dependent on the cen- tralized power at Albany. It is the conviction of the imminency of that danger that is now producing a highly beneficial effect on the minds of the intelligent masses throughout the State. Few communities would desire to be told—ae the highly intelligent peo- ple of this city hawe been insultingly told—that they are unfit to be trusted with the right of lo- cal self-government. Few communities would desire to see their sanicipal government de- prived of every vestige of authority—to see the powers of their chief magistrate etripped from him and couferred upon a set of political adven- turers in whose appointment or selection they had no voice—to see all control over matters purely and essentially local in their character taken out of their hands and exercised by an oligarchy, in violation of every constitutional principle. Few communities are so degraded as with com- placency to see themselves deprived of all share and concern in the laying oat of their parks, the building of city halls, the regu- lation of their pert and harbor concerns, and everything else that necessarily and eonstitution- ally comes properly under their own immediate jurisdiction. And yet the people of this great metropolis have beea subjected to all these indig- nities, and have seen besides the peace and good name of the city sacrificed to the incompetency and recklessness of those into whose hends the maintenance of order was committed. With their respect for all that has even a shadow of | law to give it sanctity, they have submitted to throw the usurpation, and render a recurrence of such things forever after impossible in thie State. With this determination a movement has been set on foot to bring together and harmonize the various democratic factions in this city, so as to render the party a united and all powerful one. | NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, JULY 26, 1857. The Labor Problem of the World—Tnae Post- Gen of the United States and Braztl. While the Cabinets of Spain, France and Eng- lapd are engagrd in an abortive attempt to create an immerse emigration from the barba- rous tribes of Africa to toe tropical countries of America, and to reeetablish under a slightly different form the almost extinguished African slave tzade, they forget, or ignore completely, the great fact that characrizes the material developement of the communities on this con- tinent. The institution of megro slavery in America sprung from the wants of the age in which it bad its origia, and received its life and growth from the continued demands of European civili- zation. The products of its industry bave never fousd their market in the wants of its own 60- ciety; but cotton and sugar have been tie re- quirements, first ase luxury and now as a ne- cessity, of countries that differed widely in soil, climate and social conditions from those where slavery had been planted. Under the stimulus of the European demand for its fruits, African slavery grew and prospered, and became not only an important part of the social organization where it existed, but a power- ful element of the civilization and elevation of the human race everywhere. Cotton and sugar have produced a beneficial revolution in the hygienic condition of man; one by improving his clothing, and the other by entering largely into the comporition of his food and medicine. Receiving thus its life and the stimulus of its growth from the necessities of the constantly developing civilization of Europe, the institution grew to be a living part of the social texture of America. Two races, not only unlike in their external attributes, but dissonant in those inter- nal inspirations and aims that fornr the life of the inner man and guide and direct the physical ap- plication of his powers, could not exist in social and political equality. From the recognition of this truth came toe continued subjection of the inferior to the superior race. This subjection was not only the great element of material progress, but it was the bond ef intellectual developement, and the conservative law of social and potitical life im the community. Wherever a mistaken and impractical humanity has abrogated it, the seme results are witnessed. Hayti, Mexico, Central America, New Granada, Peru and Jamaica exhibit the same material decay, intellectual’ retrocession and political and social disintegration. They have ceased to an- swer to the cails ef European cividzation for the great neceesities of its material life—cotton, sa- gar, coffee, rite and tobacco. In contrast’ with this disastrous result, two great nations whielr Nave refused’ to disturb the social constitution under which they have pros. pered, have now become, throug the products of their Industry, essentiat elements to the life and progress of Eurcpean society. These two are the United States, withits three and a half millions, | do not include Cuda, with ite half milion of slaves, becauge its natural gravitation must eventuelly bring it into a pelitical union with the great northern centre of that social organization of which it is a part. The rapid growth which these two great eentres of American progress has ex- | those who are sent to represent thie great city, | From the absolute necessity that exists for euch | pipited does not arise from any innate edvantage ca, She feels the first symptoms of # deficient supply; but everywhore in the Old Counti!es men are asking each other, where shall we get cottds, sugar, coffee, rice and tobacco if America ‘ails us? But Amerion is not going to fail in her supplies to Europe. The United Scates and Broail are living and advancing communities Slavery is a part of their social organization that cannot be suddenly destroyed, either by the im- portations of vast numbers of African appren- tices to countries where slavery does not exist, or by the adoption of impracticable theories of humanity. The gense of self-protection that exists in every community is against the latter theory, and Hayti, Mexico, Central America, New Granada, Venezuela, andthe European colo- nies in the West Indies, are wanting in that in- telligence, skilled labor, capital aud social life necessary to lead hordes of ignorant apprentices from Africa into profitable and productive occu- pation. Hurope is now undergoing the process of conviction of this fact, and rhe must soon re- cognize the great truth which lies palpable be- fore her in the living organizations of the United States and Brazil, and the decaying communities where her social tinkers have tampered with the laws of political and material existence. The Case of Madeleine Smith—Unpunished @urders. The English papers are full of the trial of Miss Madeleine Smith, a late belle of Glasgow, and the daughter of an architect in geod practice there- She was tried for poisoning her lover, a French- man named L’Angelier, whose mistress she had become; and whom, apparently, she had reason todesire to be rid of, in order to marry a mer- chant who offered her marriage. It was proved that she had fallen in love with, and become the mistress of the deceased: it was shown that when the merchant began to pay his sddresses to her, she iried to break off with L’Angelier, but found him reluetant to do so; that she then, after writ- ing several cold and repulsive letters to him, suddenly changed her tone, became as endearing as ever, appointed a rendezvous, met bim. and spent an evening with him; that previous to this interview she had bought arsenic on two different occasions; that five days after the interview L’Angelier died in sufferings: similar to those which arsenic would produce; that arsenic was in fact found im his stomach. On this evidenee, wiiieh was very voluminous, and comprehended various other matters of minor import, but all tending to fasten the crime on the culprit, the Scoich jury found a verdict of “ Not proven.” » We must observe en passant that the Scotch law permits the jury to render one of three verdicts— “Guilty ’—“Not guilty”—and “No? proven.” The latter is a sort of compromise between the tozmer : it means that the jury believe or suspect the prisoner to be guilty of the offence charged, but do not find the offence se fully proven as to warrant 9 verdict of guilty. A prisoner who has been set at large on a verdict of “Not and Brazil, with its three millions of slaves. We | proven” may be tried again, if new facts are discovered. Thay Madeleine Smith wae a murderese there seems to be very little reason for doubting. The | circumetantial evidence, ond the evidence of motive sre positively overwhelming: one can only aceount for her eecap? on the ground that the well known sorupulous conscientiousness:‘of harmony, there is little reason to entertain any | which their social elements possess, but from the doubt as to the final success of the movement. | fact that the institution of slavery withia them iz The members of the American organization, too, | ine great conservative suppert of political sta- are as much impressed as are those of the demo- | jjJity, and is in complete { consonance with cratic party with a sense of the imperiousneces- | the material necessities of the world. rity that exists for a vigorous and concerted | Thies social organization hae not required course of political action. Toe liberal-minded, | any peculiar form of politica? constitution to sensible, conservative men of the black republi- enable it to prosper. Its advance is the same | { | | | can organization are also as much disgusted as | under our free institutions, or the constitctional | are the democrats and Americans with the anti- | empire of Brazil, or the absolute despotism of republican measuree of their legislative repre- | Guba. In all of these it exhibits the sam> ma- sentatives at Albany, and present appearances | terial progress—the superior aad the inferior indicate that they too will range themselves with | race increasing in numbers and in the produc. | their quondam political opponents at the next | tion of wealth ina greater degree than is seen election. The issue then will be between cen- | in any of the Earopean communities. tralization and despotism on the one hand, and The United States and Brazil thus forr»the local celf-government and republicanism on the | twogreat centres of American civilization, and other. With such a combination of elements on | are the true exponents of its progress. the side of free manicipal government there | things there isan identity between them. Our need not be much apprehension asto the result of | division into separate States is pertially repro- the contest ‘duced in Brazil by its division into nineteen We learn besides that ® is the in- separate provinces, cach with its own Governor tention of the democratic. party of this city | and Legislature; each has the same mighty field to nominate as members of Assembly men who for population westward from its settled portio will do credit to the position, and to the highly | which will for a long series of ycars prevent intelligent community which they ave to reore- sent at Albany. There has been hitherto far too little regard paid to the character or abilities of ns, ue accumulation of a dense society like that which exists in Europe; each has its States or provinces where slavery does not exist, or is dying out; each has en antagonistic social organization be- yond its coldest beandary, where, in obedience to the isothermal law, the negro race does not thrive; each has the same mighty rivers for in- cither at the State or national capital. The same rule applies also to the rural constituencies. It has been remarked that of the thirty-five mem e Rae -— ar ae e eal. | ber which the State of New York sendsto thena- ternal communication, the same varieties of Work cote: “er fe Tot 164 act | tional Congress, usually not more than two or | mountain and valley, soil omd product ; Among the principal cauees of death were the | three of them are, in point of character and at-| each has the same rapid increase of following mae | tainments, creditable representatives, Ia regard population and exuberaat wealth and pros- Fuly 18 July 2b. to the sixteen members of Aerembly which the | perity; each has the same concentra- Se ss see @ 45 | city eends to Albany, about the same proportion, | tion of policy upon its own domestic do- Znflammauon of the lungs ae | 11 | we presume, will be found to hold good. The | yelopement and non-intcrvention abroad; and Boarict —y VES babes. 2 4 18 | consequence is that instead of the representatives | eacty hws beyond its warmest boundary the same Dropay in the bead. 3 20 | of this city exercising a predorainant influence in | disorganized and decaying communities over i 4 bees : 8 — | the State Legislature by their talents and bigh | which it is called by ite manifest destiny to ox- ‘Group... . 5 | character, they are esteemed of no account what- | tend, in due time, the healthful influence of ite Caolera ia‘antem os ted “é 2 iafantom .. s There were also 21 deaths of diarrhaa, 10 of ¢ysentery, 12 of inflammation of the bowels, 5 of | disease of the kidneys, 11 of congestion of the | braia, 5 of bilious fever, :0 of inflammation of the brain, © of teething, 7 premature births, 26 cases ever because of their want of both. They there- | own social, material and intellectual progress fore exert no sort of influence over legislation, | Besides these resemblances these two great except by the mere casting of their respective | nations have exhibited a like obedience to the votes, | silent law of their growth. From reasons ope- To many | | Wehope that the promise on the part of the | rating within themselves, and not from any ex the Scote’y jury discovered some’ weak link in the chain of cvidence against her. But im the eye of the Britis public, she standc-es fully convicted of murder as if she were under sentence of death. And we are not surprised to hear that she in- tends to seek in this country a refinge from the , scorn and indignation which ave leveiled at her in her own. It is impossible to dwell on her case without | reealling to mind that other cauve cé/é4ve, which, | a few weeks ago, directed the eyes of the world | to this city. In that case as in this, the victim wes a ma>- who had maintvine? criminal | | relations with the woman who was sus- | peeted of the crime; in thet case as in | this, the pricomer escaped, and the crime went | wnpanished. From the reports of the trial | which are belsre us, it would appear however | that the two cases were differently viewed by | the public; when Madeleine Smith wes.oquitted, the applause was long aad vociferous: when Mro, Cunningham was aeguitted, a general sen- timent of diseppointmont may be said to have pervaded the public mind—not co-much, per- hapa, from a belief in her guilt, as from a feeling: | that there had been a vory ead failure of justice. | Whether the contrast may be accounted for by i the superior attractions of Miss Smith, who is | young and beantiful, or must be regarded as a test of public sentiment in Glasgow and New York, it is a cvrious phenomenon. | There never was so false and foclish an adage | as that commonly given in the words—‘ Mardar | will out.” Murder will not out ; in at least half | the cases, it remains concealed and unpunished | for years. Buta just God has wisely ordained | that the punishment of the haltcy and the axe | sboll be slight and trivial in comparison with the tortures of remorse and dread of discovery. | We do not envy the murderers of Dr. Burdell | and M. L’Angelier; they have saved their necks | it is true; whether they are bes) saved, a few | years will encdle thera to decide. ; Marenat Proeress o@ Karsas.—We have compiled from some papers published in the va- rious half year old towns and villages of Kansas | proofs of the material progress of that Territory, of stillborn, and 20 deaths trom violent causes, in- ciuding © by sunstroke, 3 murders, 3 drowned, and | members of Assembly men of character and | democratic party of this city to nominate as | ternal pressure of the torrent of European idea, | and of the extraordinary precocioumess of its | each has abolished the African slave trade, as | settlements, which illustrate in a strang point of 1i casualties. Of the whole number 328 were under | talents will not prove illusory. It isto the party, | unnecessary to their fature progress, and perhaps ten years of age, and 51 inmates ot the various pub- lic institutions. ° ‘The following is © classification of the diseases and the number of deaths ineach class of disease during the week Says July « ‘ ¥ | Swe 2 2 aw SSS To! . The num! ponding weeks in 1855 and 1556, was as follows:— ‘Week ending Joly 28, 1865...... 000 Wook oniting July 26, 1866. oat Week ending July 25, 1867.. eee . a ‘The nativity table gives 362 natives of the United States, 68 of Ireland, 23 of Germany, 8 of England, Sof Wales, 2of Holland, and 1 each of Seotiand: Poland. Prange and British America. ‘The alee of cotton yesterday embraced about 700 8 500 bales, tbe market clomng firm and at fall prices. Flour was unchanged, while there were moderate sales both to the local and Eastern trade. with some purchases for ex. port, oapecially to the West Indies, Wheat was quiet, and prices | & genera’ way unchanged, while sales wore lim- tod to new Southern \n email low, and $1 86 for new red, $! 00 for amber colored, and $1 96 for white. Indian corp was some Ormer, with moderate gales at Sic. & 8c. yp Weaters mixed, with one jot of prime quoted at 80. wat vhon’y, WILD anion of rmall lote of mess at 694 15 as well as to the city, a matter af vital import- | ance justnow. Let the right sort of men be | put in nomination-- men of high standing and re pute in the community—and they will receive | the suffrages not only of all democrata, but of | Americens and conservative republicans too. This is not a time for advancing the interests of | hackneyed politicians and Tammany Hall spaut- ers at the expense of the whole community. The | work that has to be done cannot be done by such as they. the work of recovering our char- tered rig! raunicipal liberties ‘Be"entrusted to proper is, and the régime of black repub- Nicanism in this city will be as brief as it is an- welcome, All the signs of the times portend that the Seward dynasty established here is des- tined to a speedy annihilation, There will be few to mourn its fate. THe Iravtans ty New Yors._We very much regret to hear that the Italian citizens of New York have been subject to insult and outrage ince the affair of Cancemi. This js all wrong. As a general rule, the Italian residents have been good and useful citizens, and have de- served kindly and respectful treatment from all of us. The occurrence of one villain among them should not injure the others; for where js the nationality that has not produced a villain? We hope we shall hear no more of ineults to Italians. It is unreasonable and cowardly inimical to their true developement. We precede Brazil in point of time, and, per- haps, in point of time only; for it exhibits in every feature the same living progress thet has marked our career asa nation. Like our own, | its social vitality is drawing crowds of emigrants from the crowded communities of Europe, drawn thither not only by the material prosperity which doth nations exhibit, but driven from Europe by the constant ebullitions of the public mind and thore voleanic rumblings that sem to threaten the political and social fabric there. It is in the United States and Brazil that to the reflective mind society appears most stable: | view our national character for go-ahead ‘tiveness, Towns that had not even a germ of existence twelve moaths ago have sprung up in the wilder- ness, as if at the bidding of the enchenter, and now present to the eyes of tho astonished beholder temples of worship, and well laid out streete and avenues, with newspapers, institutes of learning, hotels, oxpress companies, fashionable restaurants, and all the other requisites and attendants of old and fall grown communities. And all this, too, in epite of the curse of border ruffians on the one hand and laay eocialists on the other. Tar Case or Jonn Eurtn, Tem Portwavesa— An effort is being made to save the life of the France is a voleano; Germany is convalsal with | sailor John Smith, who has been condemned to the throes of political thought; Spain lvam tg re- | death as a principal in the marder of the cook of gular period of intestine strife; Italy is on | the General Pierce. It is remembered by mos the eve of an outbreak; England preserves her | of our readers that the eook and captain were re- public order by constant homeopathic doses of | sisting the crew, who had mutinied; that the revolution in the shape of reform,on Habnemann’s | former assailed this Portuguese with a knife, principle of similia simitibus curantur, while from | wounded him, and was by him struck to the deck the farthermost confines of Austria to the western | He and the captain wore afterward thrown over- shores of Ireland society can only be preserved by | board by others of the crew—-who have been the presence of immense standing armies. And | tried for murder and found guilty only of man- this eame European society is dependent upon | elaughter—the jury holding that the cook was America for an immense proportion of its cloth- | dead at the time be was thrown overboard. ing and food. The fears about cotton and sugar There is somo doubt on this point. It is not at that now agitate England are more visible there | all certain that the cook was dead when the men only because England is the wholesale merchant | threw him overboard, and if he was not, then that supplies Europe with the produgts of Ameri-' Smith is no marderor. Even supposing he did —- kill him, it is bs afeans hs eek g neeailed him first. Fartbermore it seems that this mutiny aad loss oflife were originally caused by the oaptain’s propesal to his c'ew, separately, to join him in making # slave voyage te Africa. Now it seems that the Portuguese prisoner had been, when a lad, cn @ slaving voyage; and bad witnessed so many horrors on that occasion that the ‘bare men- tion of ihe eubject filled him with terror and agovy. In mutinying he was only obeying this sentiment, and the captain and cook, it must be remembered, were really no better than pirates in the eyefof the law. Altogether we think there is a good deal to be gaid in excuse of John Smith; and we hope the President will consider it carefully and humanely, THE LATEST NEWS. Non-Arrival of the North Amertcan, Quansc, Jaly 26, 1867. ‘The steamsbip North American is now about due at this Port, with Liverpool advices to Jaly 16—four days later— bus has not yet been heard of. The line to the eastward is ‘epparently interrupted within twenty miles of this city, #0 that we have po communication wiih River du Loup, and cannot ascertain if the North American has been heard ef ‘at that point. : Qurnsc, July 258 P. M. There are as yet no signs of the steamer North Amo- rican, News from Washington. MOVEMENTS OF THE UTAH MILITARY EXPEDITION— WHAT OUR NEW MINISTER TO BERLIN INTENDS TO DO—OPERATIONS AT THE PATENT OFFICR— PROCEEDINGS AT THE NAVAL COURTS, ETO., ETC. Wasaieron, July 25, 1867. The President and Cabinet have comed to have any ap- Pprehensiors of bloodshed in Kansas. General Harney and stat will leave in a few days for Utau. Tae troops gene- rally are in fine health and spirits, and amply supplied for an active campaign. Colonel Thomu Assistant Quarter- master Genoral, is ready to return to headqvarters. Governor Cummings says it is uncertain when he wil!) leave for Utah. He may be detained yet some timo. Among other advices the following was this morning received by the War Department:— CENERAT. ORDERS NO. 1. Heapqvarryrs Anwy ror Uror, Fort Leavenworts, July 15, 1857. 1 —The Genera) Commanding announces to the troops of bis command the following aevignme ute of staf! officers to the for Utah A}] orders avd instructions given iz the name of the Genera) Commanding by any of tne oilicors designated in this order will be prom ptiy obeyed :— 1. Captain Alfred teasontow, acting Assistant Adjutant General, and Chief of Staff. 2 Captain 8. N. Hanosck, Assistant Quartermaster Com- missary’s Department. 2, Captain Harry F. Clarke, Commissary of Subsistance. 4 Surgeon Madison, Medical Director. 5. Mejor Franklin E. Hust, Pay Department. 6. Brevet Captain Jesse L. Reno, Ordiance D:partment. TL.—The following as: ars also made, viz. :— 1, Hospital Been dimen 6 Banks, To roport to “storekeeper, S. W. Me Surgeon Mills. 2. Military . To report to the senior Quartermaster sevving with the 5 By order of GENFRAL BARNEY. A. Pizasontoy, Captain Secord Drageons, Acting Assis- tant Adjutant General. In a letter dated July 18, Cart: Pleagonton states that second Lieut. Lucius L. Rich, of the Fifth Regiment of In- fantry, bas been appointed Gen. Khrney’s nid-de-camp, Governor Wright & now receiving inetrustions as Minis- ter to Prussia, He will carry with him to Berlin a large bumber of United States Patent Office reporte for dirtriba- tion \n Evrope. He proposes opeming an extentive corre- spondence with foreign agricultaral sceieties, with a view to the improvement of our planting interests. The Patent Cttice has received three thousand applica_ tions and issued fifteen Rundred patects withia the lost six months. The income of the oifice fcr the same time has bee> over one hundred and sixteen :housand dollars; and the cxpenses of the oflce, including some iraprove- ments im the building, ono hundred an‘ eight thousand dollars, ‘The Regonts of ths Smithssmian Institute propose sur- rendering their present bu!!\ing te the federsi government for a National Museun, as the institute, under its prosent plan of operations, reyuires orty an office fo> the trancac- tion of its business. ~ Governor MeMallen wil! sail cm the steamecvf the levof August for Washington Territory, In Naval Court No. 1 to-day, ae Captain Eng’ was not adie to reach the city th.s morning, Commander Thorbum Gozsented to clere his cave, and the defence woe read by Mr. Phillips. Im this vindiontion of the applicent’s pro- fessional ability—for no charges wore brought by govern- meat against Ccmmander Thorburn’e mora! oharacter— Mr. Phillips showed the loosences of the act pnesed by Congress to “promote the efficiency of the navy.” He coptended that the words ‘professional’ and ‘‘rental,”’ ae applied to an o‘fieer’s capacity, arc tautological; and thot if a man be professionaily fit for the navy he is also mentally competont for that service. Ho thought that tho distinetion which the Judge Advoeete made between the words was injur'ous to the propor examination of the ap- plionat’s Case and bypercritical, Mr. D. F. Dulany’s case wae resumed, ard Captain McDiatr was examined om the part of the goverzment. Thin is ihe last witness fur the government. Coart No. 2 was n9t in session to-day. Tn Court No, 3, ‘x Commander I.ong's one, Lieut, Haxter ‘and Parser Cutter testified on the part of the applicant. Depositions were vead from Commodore Gregory, Froie- rick Watts and Dr, Mayhew, A largo number of coal boate havo passed canal dam No. 5, and are now hourly expected at the head of the Georgetown ‘Tre Minnesota Constitutional Conventior. Sr. Pact, (via Chicago), July 25, 1867. The double beaded Constitutional Convention is still in sossion, The repudiicans are in convention in the hall of the Capitol, with A. D Balcomb, President; and the dome- crate tn the Council! Chamber, with H. M. Sibley, Prest- dont, The republicans number 50, all of whom have pre- sentoa their credentials, which have been accepted and a number qualified. The demosrats to<iay numbered 22, several haying become disa‘\ected aad returned home. ‘The credentials cf the mombers of the Democratic Cov ‘vention bave not as yet been reported upem, and no per Tepont organization has been eTected. ‘The Republican Convention hes permanently organized and appointed standing committees, also a committee to prepare a preambie aed bill of rights to be submitted. ‘The democrats previous to thid beld © caucas advising with Hon. H. M. Pice and Govorsor Modary. Yostorday aftorz0on the course resolved upon was not apparent. It seems provable that both bodies will continue to ta. ‘Giet at it is the Constitational Convention: and that both ‘will form a consttuion to be sv »mitted to the people. Nows from she South. Wasmvorow, July 25, 1887, ‘The Savanna’: Republican learns that rain has fa'on lately in nearly vvery part of Georgin, and that the hope® of the planters had greatly rovivea. Grain certainly was very abundant, but cotéon unis year will fall short of whe average crop. Hon. Alexander H. Stoptens has accepted the democratic nomination for Congress. At Charlestaa there were slight hopes of saving the ship Moultrio, and part of her cargo of iron had been thrown overboard. From Newfoundtand—Pne Fishery Commis- ston Bostos, Jaly 26, 1867, Late New Brunawisk papere report « large catch of cod- fish at the Banks this season. The Joint Fishery Commission under the rociprocity reaty had met at Rastport, aud made the choice of Hon. Jobn H. Gray, of St. John, as umpire, to sottle certain dif. ferences apout rivers in New Brunswick and /rince Rd- ward Island, Melancholy Casualty. Atiantio Orry, Jaly 25, 1857. Charies 8. Dyer, formerly of Boston, was drowned hore at noon to day. Ho had ventured too far out in the water, and the surf being very high he was washedaway, Ho was ecalesman in Philadelphia, and was thirty yoars of age. Markets. PHILADELPHIA #TOCE BOARD. Pum.aneurma, July 26, 1857, Sooke steady. Pennaylvania 6's, %5; Roading Railroad, 8744; Long Island Railroad, 12°, Morris Gamal, 52%; Venneylvania Railroad, 47 Bovraro, Jay 2—1 P.M. Flour is unchanged. Ssios to day, 600 bbls, at #6 508 $6 165 for extra Witconsin aod Ohio, ' Wheat is dull, Corn is unchanged, Sales today, 32,000 bushels at 750. Oate nicvat bo, Whiskey, 00. Freighte dull; corn to New fork Ile, wheat 40. Imports ore bbls. flour, 99,000 bushels corn and 12,000 bushols oats. Ex- ports yesteriay—27,000 bushels wheat, 46,000 bushels @orn and 8,000 bushels ont. he struck him in get | Wreshet at Albany, dic. Auaunr, July 25, 1897. +4 Ultdle before noon one of the most terrific rain, haf, theader 904 lightning storms ever experienced hore visit. ous, Man* Stsbet ead all the parallel strocts leading te the river were W00ded. State street looked like the rapids ‘of Niagara. ‘The Jorrent tore up the paving stenes and carried away boxes a4 barrels, whi ling them towarde © the Hudson like so many “traws. ‘The storm lasted three- quarters of an bour, emtinsly suspending business and travel. The stores and cellars on Beaver and Stato streets, Maiden lane, Broadway, &c.,@7@ flooded, and an immense amount of damage has been det’. Treadwell’s iron foan- dry, om Beaver street, suffered Osmat-terably. ‘The damage in the city by the stornt reaches several thousand dollars. While it was prevailiug @ house oo Hawk street was struck by lightning, aed one man knocked dowr and severely burned, but it tp expected that he will recover. ‘The storm has occasioned no interruption ¢o the travel ovar the Central Railroad; all their trains are ruming on me as usual. There bas beon @ great flood in the neighboriieed of Cuba. There ate two bad breaks on the Geneses Valley Canal, Excitement in Boek Island City. Cacao, July 26, 186%. Ata meeting of the citizens of Rosk Island, yesterday, resolutions were passed condemning the Rook Island Rail- road Company for neglecting to erect granaries, freight houses and a brick passenger depot on the grounds granted by the city four years ago for ttimt purpose. Oom- siderable excitement prevails, and the railroad company fesring their present wooden building would be destroyed, armed the guard in attendance. Sentence of the McKeesport Murderers, Prerasvra, Pa., July 26, 1867. Charlotte Jones, Henry Fife and Monroe Stewart, re- cently comvieted of murder at McKeesport, were to-day sentenced to be hung. The Distillery Kxplosion at Boston, Boston, July 26, 1867. Anna Barkins, the little girl who was burnt at tho dis- tillery explosion yesterday, died to-cay. THE INDIAN EMPIRE. its History and People—The Mogul Dynasty —The Portuguese—East India Company; tts Rise and Progress; Commercial, Military and Political Power—The Indo-@rittsh Army, its Constitation—Causes of Revolt— The “Ryots”—Land and Salt Tax—Mode of Governing—Bishop Heber’s Remarks, ésc. Lying between the eighth degree and thirty-fith degree north latiiude, covering an aren of 1,280,000 square miles, and jutting out in a triangular shaped peninsular into the Indian Ocean, lies Hindostan, Indie, or the East Indies, Hore rises ia all their majestic proportions, 25,000 feed above the level of the sea, the snow-capped Himalaya: maountains; and here too roll the waters of the “Sacred Ganges,” inte which many a fair victim has plunged to rigs BO more, amid the applause of a superstitions mulitude: One bundred and fifty-five millions of people imhabit this diversfied and extensive tract of country, as mixed im manners, language and physiognomy ae cen be found in ‘apy equal portion of the werkt. Tze Hindoos, whose history stretches into the realms of fatie, were the original inhabitants. They seem to have beem a simplo, industrious and ‘sgenuous peeple, screpulously adhering to their system of castes, and besides morning and evening purification in the Ganges ( practice worthy Of imitation by Christian people in less sacred rivers), appeasing Sse, the destroyer of al!, and lookiag after 330,000,000 of im- ferior goda and goddesses, they appear to havo cared bes. little who ruled, provided thoy were left in pease to pray. The Hinésos fell an easy prey to the Mabommedan Aff- ghans, 4 warlike tribe on the norihwest of india; and they in their turn to the Moguls or Tartars, who, in 1626, established their seat of authority at Delhi. This once magnificent sity covered n space of tvremty equaro miles, and the rains of its aacien> splendor excite the wonder of the modern traveller. The Mogul dynasty was almost subverted by the Persians, and numerous dependend Nabobs, takiag advantage of the distracted state of the country, set up for themselves, to be in turn subdued by more crafty und powerful aiventurers. In 1496 the Portuguese, under Vasco De Gama, who was the first to discever the route to India around the Cape of Good Hope, established themesives on the coast of Mala- bar, and for a century mainiained the exclusive trade of the whole commerce of the Eest. Trying to reconcile God. and Mammon, they were supplanted by the Dutch, who devoted themsc!ves entirely to the service of tho latter; and these were rapidly acquiring riches, power and terri- lory when, in the year 1600, the Hast India Company was formed in Exglaad. From that time to the presont this | great and wealtly corpora'ion bas swayed the destinics of India; and as late events bave called public attention to this part of the giobe, a brief bistory of ite rise and pro- gress will not be vainteresting. . The only object this Company had in view at first was to seoure & share in ‘h » commerce of the country, and by their craftiness and pocseverance they obtained the “‘lica’s sharo’’—having, step by step, become masters of the ea- tire resources ef Bindostan. They iirst asked permission to tuy the products of India, and to soll those of Earope; then to build factories, which they soon convorted into armed garrisons, and in order to carry the blessings of otviligation among this benighted people, they fostered nattve jonlousy, set Vabob against Nabob, and im the end took advantage of both. They disguised their ultorior views 8o weil that 13 2716 we find them granted liberty to pureluase in Bengal thirty seveo townships, in addition to what they held in Cxulcutia, besides importaat commercial privileges which they possessed sad had gredually been extended, Thirty-three years etter, seeing their position #0 rm, and finding through the native jealousy, carefally fomented, favorable opportunity to still fartherstrengthen and extend their Comigion, they assumod military and polieal power. In this : trogglo for ascendancy they had & competitor in France; and then commenced on the part of both these civilised aod Christian nations a series of aggressions, oxactions and butcberies that have no paral- Jel im history. It was then for the first time that the se- poys were instructed in furopean tactic, and as country i had 30 bold om their ailvctions they fought for whoever paid them best. Finally the Saglish conqvered, and by the «word, bribery, treachery and oonfiscadon ruled ou- preme, acoused by their own countrymen “‘of having sold every monarch, priuoe and “late in India, | roken every contract, and ruined every State that trasted them.’” | Ta 1749 the Nadob,of Tanjore was, on a filmay pretert, driven out for the purpore of gotting somo of bis terriory, and restored on making still far- ther concessions. They “eposed in 1°57 the Nabob of Dengal, and stripped him of large and@ rich provinces, and from that period down to the presea- tation of the koh i n00r to the Queen of Sogiand, in 1860, the government of the | ast ledia Company has been a coa- tinuows scene of spoliation, deception and oppression, equeesing out of ono hundred and thirty millions of the unfortunate pativos the enormous annval revenue of over $100,000,000, and whose enslavement they perpetaate by an army of 902,000 men. They have reduced the valk of the population to the condition of Pariahs; the bottor clase And Indo British they have crostly oraged by ther bra- tal and bullying domeanor (see Bishop Heber's oorrespon- dence); and those of the natives, who compose the ‘‘bone and sinew’? of their immense army, they have treated so despotically, # is no wonder we seo. “the right arm of Eng” land,’ from timo to time, paralysed,