The New York Herald Newspaper, July 4, 1857, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JaMESB GORDOE EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. (OPFION B. W. CORNER OF FULTON 4XD MASSAU GTS. srseneseesees B®. 184 BOWERY THBATRE. Bowery—Afernoon, Grey Figure — Toor wiessss. Evening, Incomas, tan i ‘Bane Bian -Bat- our Bansx. BRBTON'? AEW THEATRE, Broadway, opposite Boud— ‘Tus Naiad Quran, Afernone and Brening. WALLAOK'® THEATER, Sroadway—Tus [rauian Baws Mansetiss Brun, Ac. EAR KEENP THEATRE ‘Topp.s- gine -Wounr's rue Pouce ~A Romantic Loxs. ‘MPIC THEATRE, 596 Prestuny— Atermece, vy—Prorix's Law yee —Siawage TWINS, yen wList—THe ‘Morus x. BARNUM’S AMERIOAN MUSKUM, Broadway—l) A.M. Two Garey Raves. 2PM, Wires avo Beowss —Ro QuERIEs OF Tomas. 4P.M.,"Wiirns AND Browss—Dav Aree rne Fam 62. M., Inish Betness—Diy areen tue Fue. 6 ?.M., Inwu Hetkess -Rocusnizs or Taomas. GRO. CHRISTY & NO Ss NINBTRELS, 444 Broadway— Paw Mactolan—NecRO Munstartsey, dc. MBOBANICS HA 472 Rrosdway—Nueeo Maomier (O0.—SHAK*PEREA fieabisce—Br ‘Buvanv’s Mrwerenia, Af fernoon and fveuire New Vork, Saturday, July 4, 1857. ‘The News. In view of the abrogation of the Municipal police force of this city by the operation of the aecision of the Court of Appeals, the entire body was, to a man, formally disbanded yes terday by order of the Mayor. The proceedings will be found elsewhere. Al! the station houses and other police propeity still remaia in charge of the police captains, who employ one officer and two doorkeepers to guard the premises. This condition of things places the city in the exclusive charge of the Metropolitan officers, who alone have the authority to make arrests for breach of the peace- Asthe number of these is quite inadequate to the demand to-day, the Commissioners at White street resort to swearing in ‘‘epecials,’’ who will do duty for this one day. Mr. Tallmadge called upon the Mayor, and received a formal refusal to convene with the Commissioners, as they had uni formiy in their responses to every attempt at intercourse on hia part only refused them with public contempt and studied insulting zeplies. The Commissioners appointed some eighty toa hundred regular policemen yesterday. The old force coutinue in the station houses, with their beds, &c., as usual, “the guests of the city,” until future orders and the action of the City Council, which will be had on Mondsy. The organization of a day and night watch the Mayor reserves for farther conside- ration. ‘The Excise Commissioners yesterday granted eigh- teen inkeepers’ lisenses and seventeen storekeepers’ licenses, making in all, thirty-five. Two of these were granted at $40 each and the remainder at $30 each. The Clerk of the Board madea report, in which he stated that he has filed with the County Clerk the bonds of fifty-four applicants for innkeep- era’ licenses, and the bonds of seventy-five appli- cants for storokeepers’ licenses, making in all, 129. ‘The repor! was ‘The Board meets again on Monday next, at 3 o'clock, P. M. Captain Walling, it in stated, yesterday took to Seguine’s Point an eight pound brass cannon, two howitzers and a number of rifles, to be in readiness to guard egainst an attack by the oystermen upon the new hospital buildings to-night, it being rumored that an assault was intended. Meantime, the day isto ‘be celebrated at the Point with most patriotic éc/at, firing salutes, reading the Declaration of Indepen- dence, &c. Unusual preparations have also been made to celebrate Independence Day at the old Qua- raatine. ‘The schooner Sarah Hill, arrived from Mayaguez, has been sent to the Quarantine anchorage off Se guine’s Point, and several of her crew who were si2k will doubtless soon be consigued to the Marine Hos pital at the old Quarantine. There are two vessels now at the lower anchorage—the Lucy Heywood and the Sarah Hill. It was alleged yesterday out- side the old Quarantine walla that one of the crew of the Lucy Heywoo) had been taken sick with the yellow fever and placed in the Hospital. The state- ment is dectared by the Health Officer as aitrue, and it is also asserted that there are no cases of yellow fever in the Hospital. The furniture factory of Johason, Meader & Co, and the a4} ining buildings, and the stone factory of Boar & Co., of Cincinnati, were destroyed by fire on Thursday night. The aggregate loss by there confiagrations is cstimated at a quarter of a million dollars, Some four hundred persons are thrown cut of employment by these disasters. Yesterday being the eve of the Fourth of Juty, with tho | Prevalence of very inclement weather for the season had ‘e tendency to restrict transactions in nearly al! articles of produce. The cotton market continued firm, while sales | ‘were confined to a few hundred bales st full prices. Th sales of four were limited, while quotations were without change of moment. Wheat was quiet, and sales confluod +0 @ lot Of poor Chicago epring at $1 45. The sales of cora were chi iy confined to Western mited at Sic. a 86 Southern yellow was quiet, at 8T¢ © 88¢ Pork sold mo. Gorately, at $22 60 for mess. Sugars were steaty, with sales of aboot 500 bhde. Cuba musoovado at rates given elsewbere. Coffee was firm, with sales of 1,200 bage La quayre at $4 .60,an4 30 Costa Rica at prices given in ‘nother colomn. Freight room was rather scarcer for Laverpool, while engage ments in all directions were light. Te AxtrStavery Press on Jepicat Dect tons—It is quite edifying to read the dis snrses which are appearing in the anti-slavery “ap»pers on the daty of obaying the law. , law acd order and patient submission to sity never bad such eloquent, earnest advo- * efore. tbe trne that these are the same journals o ric a0 lately advocated and encouraged resist. | anceto the laws in the case of fugitive slaves, aad contempt for the jadiciary which pronounced the Dred Scott decision? sion from the lawlese tencr of their ways? We fear rot. The oxticlavery press of this city, aud indeed the bulk of the anti-slavery | press throughout the country, love law and or der no better now than they ever ala They still | aercrt that right of prive bles them to scleet which | igment which ena- they shal obey, aad what judgments they shell pect. The Fugitive Siave law is not to their taste; they therefore disobey, violate and scout it. The Me tropolitan Police law was enginecred by them telves for their party purposes; therefore they call every man « ruffian who opposes ite const! tationality. The Dred Scott decision was in op position to their prejudices; therefore they hoot the court that pronounced ft, sco at the bare dea of paying it respect. and get up meetings aid invite Legislatuccs to proclaim disobedience of 1¢ to be av absolute duty. But the decision of the Court of Appeals in the Police case gives them the spoils of our police, our City Hall and our Central Park, besides the patronege of som 1,500 police vacatcics: therefore they invoke the melediction of heaven and the execration of | mavkvod on whousoever shall dare to dispute o- | even fo murmur at eo sacred # thing asa jadi cial decision The fact ia, their reapeet for law and she courts Ve ae great 6 bamiuy ae their love for the negro woth are ehams; to fied out their position whetber ae law-brea) law abiders--on only accede to in * ad Is it possible that they | bave been blessed with so remarkable a conver. | Federal and Local Poelitics—4 Manicipal and a National Lesue. Almost invariably after a Presidential eleotion the great national issues which bave formed the lines of party demarcation in the general etrag- gle are suepended here and there, and local and personal igsues in State, city and town elections come into play. Thus, in this State. for example, after the Presidential election of 1852 the equab- ble between hards and softs over the spoils of the Custom House divided the democracy; and ia this city, and in various other cities of this and other States, the local question of native Ameri- caniam was brought up again into the active po- lit'cal agitation of the day. But as these local issues generally spring up after the eettlement of the greater issues of 8 Presidential battle, so they melt away and dieap- pear again with the return of the Presidential election. The hard shells of this State straggied moet desperately and persevering!y to make their Custom House quarrel a national affair with the democracy; but they signally failed. The Know Nothings, after cumerous astonishing but dela- sive eucccsses in various citics and States, tumbled to pieces, and were scattered to the four winds in the attempt to make their con- tracted, bigoted aud impracticable stuff and nons+nee the material for a Presidential cam- paign. It isonly a loeal issue in which there is em- bodied a great practical constitutional principle or doctrine of popular eovereignty, (such am is- sue, for instaxce, as that of slavery in Kansas,) that can be made a prominent feature of a con- test for the Presidency. The temperance ques tion embraces the most vitel interests to indi- viduals, families, communities and States; but all attempts to carry it from our local elections into rational politics have fallen to the ground We apprehend, however, that from the despotic aggressions upon municipal and popular rights and usages by our late Seward Legislature, a question of local jurisdiction and popular liber- ty has been brought to the surface which may eventually—affirmative or negative—become one of the leading issues of a reorganization of cur political parties in every State in the Union. ‘This question, in view of the late spoils and plunder measures of our Seward black repub- lican lawmakers, and in view of the affirma- tive decision upon one of those mea- sures by the court of last resort, is this: Dees it not now devolve upon the people of this State to interpose their sovereign | authority in the establishment of some defi- nite limitations to the State Legislature in its supervision over the local concerns of our coun- ties, cities and villages? The election of a Legis- lature oppored to sach acts as the Metro- politan Police bill may afford a temporary relief; but nothing short of a revision of our State con- stitution will give us any permanent security. ‘The Court of Appeals consoles us with the doo- trine that if the provisions of this police bill “had been limited territortally to the city of New York it would have been in conflict with the sec- tion of the constitution so often referred to; but insemuch as the bill embraces several cities and | counties, it is cleatly constitutional The ex- | tremes to which this nice distinction may be car- | ried are scarcely definable. If by putting two | or three, or balf a dozen counties, cities or villa- ges together the Legislature may appoint the police organization of the same, what is to pre- vent the Legislature, through similar dodgee, | from choosing the Mayor, Councilmen, Aldermen, &eo., of every city, town and village in the State‘ | Does it, for example, make the case of an ab:o- lute despotism over New York city in any degree easier from being associated in the eame bondage | with Brooklyn and Williamsburg!—or will the | old adage that “misery loves company” afford | us any relief? This Mctrepolitan Police act was one of a series | of measures passed by the Seward majority of our late Legislature for party purposes. The object of this act, and the others of the eame batch, was | the reduction of this city to submission to the | Seward oligarchy. Should it be successful as a | stroke of party policy, it will undoubtedly be fol- | lowed up with similer experiments in other quar- | ters; and, followieg our example, the desperate | necessities of this or that party in other States may drive them to the same proceedings. Thue | this controversy between local rights and usages and legislative usurpstions may eventaally enter | iuto the reorganization of parties in every State in the Union. At all eveuts, henceforward the isene between the lecal powers of juriediction of this city and the extraordinary powers exetcited | by our Seward lawmakers at Albany will con- tinue 8 question before the prople until cur Metropolitan bondage is established or our an- | cient liberties are restored. | Mx. Senator Doveras ow Uran, versus Kay- ugies proposes to abolish the Territocial | govcrumentof Utah, and to substitute Congres- tional covercignty, full and absolute rovereignty. The Richmond Lrami “thinks this & moet excellent recommenda and speaks of , it in the following straia of comprehensive philo- sopby:— Nothing good can come one remedy for the trou’ ctof this chaos. Thore is but 1d that begins at the bogin . dodge Dougias bas osed to aboltch the Cerri i goveroment of Utah, put that coontey agein 7 the guardianship of Oongrees. The propositina te But confine it uot ol tab Let it be general, acd embrace s!! the Territories, te the extent of proh'biting s Was Conoco! Frre, every sort of popular election, and every art of po government, in a forritory, wntt! 1 if contain a ia ion equal to the coustiwency of a ember of the House of epreseu@u ves ubder tue fedora. | apportionment. irtas revert to the early Territorial po. Ney of the country, and no longer paroe the vain eff yt to | erect popalar goverpmont tp the Territories before yet tho ily takes root, roctety is formed, @ comamallty is ee tabliched, and @ whoierome public opinion has asserted ite supremacy over the people. Until we do thie thing, re je from this worst of a’! innovations ina»gurated by the ¢ mpromires Of 1850, and relieve the squatters in the Ter ritor'ce from the oneroun tae of governing themeelres | while thelr new commonwesiths are growing up to the prcport! as of maturity, we may deprad upon it that the principle of popular rorere'gaty wil! be prostituted erery where, revulting ip al! the Territori As arrante bum beg and farce as it bes done in Kansas and Utah. Sure enough. Why confice this sovereign re- meéy of Congreseloral supremacy to Utah? Why not ebolich in toto this demoralizing bordor raf- fian acd polygamy breeding doctrive of squatter sovereignty’ Bat, unfortunately, we cannot; for, in regard to Kansas Mr. Douglas sticks to the KaneasNebracka bill, and this law expresly eays thatthe true intent and meaning of the compromise acts of 1850," (including the Utah Territorial act,) ie “not to legislate slavery Into any Territory or State, nor to exclude it there- rom, but to Icave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic Institu- tions in their own way, subject only to the con stitution of the United States,’ How, then, are we to get at Utah without abo | lishing the Kaneas-Nebraska bill? whe. } How can wo esiablish Congremlonal e»vereignty over one Tor ritory with volish'ng popular sovercignty ir all the Territorics? And if popular sovereignty f fc 0 constitutional right, how oan Congress take it away? We eee, therefore, that instead of throw ing any light, or dieclos'o any remedy for Utah aii incite ak NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, JULY 4, 1867. Mr. Douglss in his receipt for the Mormons etroys the squatters of Kancas. With euch fllu- minationsfrom our democratic eaders, what lovely time we stall have among éhe small of the coming Congress! Is it not thas dactly manifest that during the next winter chall have at Washington euch party discords, sectional factions and fierce excitements as re-open the weole slavery agitation in ite his if LE terrible shape? Who can doubt itt Taw Fourts or Jocy,—Time, with less tread, has brought to us the eighty-first anni- vereary of the day of the Declaration of* Ameri- can Indeperdence. It is our great national boliday. The cid nations of Europe have their reapective holidays, observed in commemora- tion of the birth or death of an imaginary patron saint, or of a great king, or of the establishment ofa djrasty, or of come battle in which’ the des- tinies of the nation were decided. Our national holiday bas a nobler origin than any observed elsewhere on the earth’ssarface. It commemo- rates the dey when the great principle of the sovereign'y of the people was proclaimed in the face of the world. That declaration, boldly made, wes bravely sustained. Kingeraft was gver- thrown, and the popular will enthroned in its uj century bave the people of the United States been confirming the graud truth enunciated on the 4th of July 1776—that governments derive their juat powers orly from the will of the governed. Under this principle of popular sovereignty the United States have, within a comparative- Jy brief period, grown into a mighty and powerful nation. The grain of mustard seed sown cighty one years ago has sprung up into a majestic tree, under whoee brauches men of all the families of the earth find shelter and protec- tion. Repoblicanism has here found its grandest developement. The uoexampled growth and prosperity of the country, its freedom from inter- nal breils ard revolutions, its career in the walks of science, art, literature and commerce, not only justify the principle on which cur government was formed, but prove it to have been immea- surably in edrance of its opposite, despotism. But it is not our design to intrude on the pro- vince of the cratora of the dar. In every city, town and village from Maise to Texas, and from the Atlantic to the most distant pioneer settlements of the far West, the day will be celebrated as our grest national holiday, and orators will recounf in glowing words the great changes that have taken place in our ceuntry eince the day when the Declaration was firet read from the steps of Independence Hall. It would be well if, amid the rejoicings ap- propriate to the day, our citizens would imbibe some of the epirit which animated their fathers in the days of the Revolution. It would be well ifthey could revert back to the chaste simplicity and bigh-toned public sentiment of those days. Republicanism—it has been often said—is only compatible with a high state of morality. When the people become demoralized, such a system of government is neither porsible nor desirable. 1: is said that we are fast tending to that condition; ard the frequent and startling instances of cor- ruption in public officers that are revealed day by dey, would seem to give color to the assertion. If we desire to eee the centennial anniversury of the day of the Declaration of Independence, and see it as 8 united and prosperous nation, we must takecare that this contagion of corruption be checked in time. Let us hope that to-day’s cele- bration of “the glorious Fourth” will be attend- ed with salutary coneequerces in that direction. pass ae aac Americas Istgrests ts Cura.—The depar- ture of Mr. Reed, our new Commissioner to China, is an event that is regarded with uomixed satiz- faction by all who have any connection with the trade of that empire. American ioterests in that part of the world have for some time past been in so unsettled a state that this effort to place them on 8 more satisfactory footing, although it may not succeed to the full extent of our expectations, must stil lead to s great improvement in tle pre- sent pesition of affairs, If it had no othereffect than to impart unity of sentiment and action to the general body of our countrymen rediding there, it would slill be an important etep gtined. From the correspondence which we lately pab- lished between Commodore Armstrong aad the American merchants of Canton and othe Uni nese ports, it is evident that no very cordial state of fecling exists between the Ameri- can mercactile community and th: United States officers out there. The former think, | ané justly, that the chief object of our keeping a tquadron in these waters is to protect our } ard like a.l parties who regard ouly their own ey do not stop to measate the conditions under which that protectioe shodd be afford:d. Tie Commodore on the station crip | pled by the sroalluees of his squadron, acd re- | straized probab'y by instructions from thy de- (ment, take a closer viow of his respon@bili- ice than he might otherwise bo dieposed to do bad he more vesrcls at hiscommand. Tho an fortunate precedent of the case of Commander Ringgold no doubt has also its share in indacing him to observe a “ masterly inactivity.” That officer, whilet in command of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, rendered the most critical | services to American trade at Canton and Wham poa during the summer of 1854, and the result is that be now figures on the retired list of the late Naval Board. We do not say that his prompt sod energetic action on that occasion wasone of the causes of bis retirement. We merely ven- ture to suggest that those services should have weighed something in the decision of Lis case by the Naval Retiring Board. Whilst on the subject we cannot avoid refer. ring to a similar remarkable forgetfulness of this gallant officer's conduct, which is observible in the protest of the Ameiicaa merchants addressed to Commissioner Parker, in March last.* They state in that document thal the oaly exceptinas to the general system of dependence oa British pro- tection that they can recall are the expelition against the pirates at Kolun by the United states steamer Powhatan, and the late operations at the Barrier Forts. This is the more strange wien it is remembered that among the names that were signed to the requisition calling upoa Commander Ringgold to send vesselsto Whampoa and Oan- ton, aud who publicly thanked him for the im- portant service which he reudered by #0 doing to American trade, were the very firms who sgned the protest against Commotore Armstrong's con- éuct. We publish in another column the oNoial correspoidence which took place on the occasion. As we bave before enid, however, the mission of Mr. Reed will reconcile all these differences and diserepancics, and impart, if cot a batter as- pect to our relations with the Chinese, at least a more vigor: us ad bomorcneous character to oar own policy h that part of the world, The new Commisioncr’s instructions are no doubt of each a nature as to define clearly the course which oar navel commanders ougrt to pureve in reference etead. Ard now, for over three-quarters of a- to the eppeals for protection addressed to them by American commerce, In the state of confu- sion into which has been thrown by the British war, it is probable that these requtsl- tions will frequently exceed the ability to com- ply with them. It is well that we shull have a Minister on the spot who wilf be able to discrimi- nate between the unreasonable exactions of indi- vidual firms oa the one hand, sad an exaggerated sense of pereonal responsibility om the part of our naval officers on the other. The real remedy, however, for the grievances complained of would be to render cur naval force on those waters ade- quate to all the demands that may be made on it. Taz Convict Betwesx Tux ComMERctaL INTERESTS AND PuMLANTHROPISTS IN Ev@LAND.— ‘The hankering of the politico-religious societies of England to meddle with society and govern- ment everywhere, and to cut them down orstretch them out to a certain moral standard which they have aéopted, has £0 long ruled Eugland that the rest of the world has almost come to the con- clusion that that country is at open war with everything net cauctioned at Exeter Hall. But evidences are springing up in many quar- ters that the material-interests of Eogtand have become alarmed at the deetructive tendencies of these reformers.of other people’s institutions, and are prepsring to reeist them. We have already alluded to the new scheme that evidently occupies the atteatioa of the cabinets of London, Paris, and Macrid, through which a more obnoxious form of A‘rican slavery is sought to be established in the West Indies than that which has been for so many years the object of unmiti- gated war on the part of the self-righteous Bri- tons, In view of the fact that tropical Hayti, with a population of three-quartera of a million ot free blacks, has become a eugar importing country; that Jamaica, with more than a quarter of » midion of emancipated slaves, is still sinking in the scale of production; that the experiment of importing coolics from India has completely failed, and that of bringing Chinese cau only succeed by working them in gangs under the lash, eugar loving Engiand has become alarmed. In the importation of negroes from Africa she sees the only remedy for the rise in the price of sugar ard cotton, and is showing an evidence of her readiness to compound with conscience by making the black a slave for ten years, and not for life. What be- comes of him after ten years service, need not be taken into consideration, for there is no chance of bis living that long. Such is the plan of the Earl of Shaftesbury and a committee of respecta- blo gentlemen connected with the West India interest. The Earl of Ellenborougb, who was Governor General cf India a few years since, has lately taken a stand in the House of Lords against the same philanthropic dangers to British rule in the East. We publish eleewhere an extract from his speech, and a letter from an ex-resident in India. They re characteristic of the new and the old state of public opinion in Engiand. The plan of the ex-rea'dent to abolish caste indcdia by a free use of the stirrup leather, is perfectly aiter the style of John Bull. While the Earl comes out boldly against this inter- ference with other people’s institutions and pre- judices, the ex-resident never dreams that the geeple of India must not be made to conform to English notions through a free uze of the oil of stirrup. Bot England scems to be awakening to a knowledge of the fact that, as the different climes and eolis of the earth are best fitted to bring forth different products, so the several fami- lies and races of men are best adapted to con- tribute to the welfare of themselves and of all through different eocial institutions and political forms, High prices acd short supplies of sugar ard cotton are evidently producing a revolution in England adverse to the continued sway of Exeter Hall. Movers Portents—A New Disrensarion.— We see it announced that the Appletons are pre- paring an encyclopedia which is to distance every thing of the sort ever before attempted in this country. That it will be unique of its kiad we are disposed te believe from the character of the men who have charge of it. It is, we are told, under the direction of Chas, A. Dana, of the 7'i- dune, and the other philosophers of that eclectic sheet, and is to be made the grand vehicle of all the peculiar religious, social and political doc- trincs of which they have co long been the expo- nents. The idea of the work is borrowed from the succees of the combined effort by which the French encyclopedists, each as Voltaire, Diderot and others up-et, all the established systems—re- ligions as well as political—-which prevailed in France previous to the firat revolution. The bane- ficlal results which flowed from the labors of those men-—the infidelity in all thiags worthy of belief— the rationalism which was only another name for gros brutality—the desecration ofa +4 purest and holiest ties—and the shedding of occans of human blood in the effort to perpetuate their insane theories, have so fied the imaginations of our American philosophers that they hope by using the same instruments to rival the fame of their atheistical prototypes. But as the circum- stances of the times and of the two countries are somewhat different, it is to be presumed that they will ecdeayor to adapt their programme to the religious and political necessitics of our own community. Thus, instead of the total denial of a godhead, we shall probably have spiritaalism sabstituted as the saving creed of mankind, with » male and fe- male duality of the Meesiah in the persons of Horace Greeley and Mother Hatch. The .old eocialist ard communist theorles being ex- ploded by the fl _succem of the various Phalan- sterian, Icarian and Fourricrite experiments alrea- dy made in this country, we shall no doubt have some other plan started by which mankind will be enabled to live comfortably on the smallest possible amount of self denial, In the way of a political revolution the work is ready cut and dry to the hands of our new encyclopedists, Governor King and his fellow conspirators hav- ing satisfactorily demonstrated how ill euited the principle of eelf-government is to a republic, and how conducive that of centralization is to the hap- pinese and well being of the citizens it will only remain for our philosophers to prove that all power should centre in themeclyes. The conoln- sion is a natural one, A remarkable book will be this new Talmud. Tt will constitute, we are told, the fountain from whence the new Idens, new doctrines, new pre- cepts of action and new rules of life, which are to mark the Millesiam, are to be drawn. In view of that wonderfully clove mies of the comet, wo ate rothor diepored to regard its advent as one of the portente by which the end of the world is predicated. Nothing short of » disturbance of the laws of the universe could have produced auch a book. Let sinners, therefore, and municipal policemen prepare for a general smash up, ‘ This is therefore a good time to remember the arguments which were used before the Legisla. ture—amd repeated in presenceof the Court of Appeals—as the ground for the enactment of the new Jaw. It was argued that the present police force, being a mere political tool in the hands of the Mayor, had ceased to be a protection to the citizens. It was urged that owing to the limited sphere of authority assigned to each policeman, malefactors frequently escaped by merely crosting from one county to another, as from New York to Brooklyn. It wassaid that, from various rea- sons, our municipal police were grossly ineffi- cient, and that crime was vastly on the increase in the city. It was insinuated that the police were not as active as they might be im suppress- ing crime, for the simple reazon that they were eelected from the worst classes of the populace, and it was argued that if they were eo constitut- ed asto be beyond the reach of local party squab- bles, and appointed by men of tried character and experience, they would answer a great deal better, in every point of view. Theee arguments will do very welt to remem- ber just now. As tothe political part ef the business, it hardly appears just yet that we have been great gainers by tho exchange; the uew Commissioners are as decided partisans as ever the Mayor was; and they have the peculiar ad- vantage of being opposed to the city in politics, while we are always certain, at the least, of having a Mayor of our own party. But the other points remain to be examined. For instance, we must prepare to see the new Metropolitan force afford- ing citizens a general and really useful protec- tion. We must expect to hear of no more as- soults in the streets, no more murders, no more brutal outrages on women—cecaping unpun- ished. We must look out to see the city ordinan- ces faithfully carried out, and the obstructions which now block even Broadway and drive p- destrians into the mud, removed. We must pre- pare for a time when there shall be no more street walkers shutting our wives and daughters out of the streets after dark, no more rowdy fights in Broadway, no more gambling houses, no more shops for the sale of lottery tickets, no more Peter Funk stores. The existence of these wrongs was the main argument for the dissolution of the old force; the rew will doubtless inaugurate its career with the destructionof them. We under- stand that arrangements are already made to carry out these reforms; we are sure that every one will be glad to hear it. THE LATEST NEWS. Affairs in Washington. MINNELOTA INDIAN ANNUITIBG—THE NATIONAL FI- NANCES—PROOREDINGS OF THE NAVAL OOURTS, ETC. Wasinsorox, Jaly 3, 1857. Governor Medary leaves this afternoon for Minnesota. His business here was to secure the payment of certain snpuities which had been withheld from the Indians in bis Territory. ‘The United States Treasurer reports the amount im the Treasery on Monday last, 20th ult., as follows:— 8ul $18,492,097 65 1,656,318 56 Drafts {raued. 1,928,574 00 Drafts paid, 1,478,700 87 Receipts for the week, ‘258,702 18 ‘This is the lowest sum received into the treasury in any one week for the last twenty years. To-day the continued absense of Mr. Dulany, whose case Js before them, prevented a session of Naval Court No. 1. If Mr. D. is kept away from Washington on Monday by the continued illness of his daughter from the injaries she received a day or two since by being thrown from a horse, the case of Liout Maffit will be taken up. In this case the Judge Advecate proposed going to trial on the record, ‘without summoning witnesses. Before Court No. 2 various documents bearing on Lieut. Rolando’s late service in the Chincee Seas were read and submitted. Much of the time of this court wasthis morn ing devoted to the consideration of questions requiring pri vate consultation among themselves, Before Court No. 3, tm the case of Commander Murray Mason, Hon John & Pendleton, Commander Charles C. Turner and William M. Armstrong were examined on his part. To day the financial officer of the Post Office Dopart- ment forwarded to London a bill of exchange to liqai/ate the balance of postages inthe quarter ending on the 0th of September, 185€—£11,060 185. Td. Mr. Andrews, our Consul General in Canada, arrived here this morning, He came, I understand, to av certain the facte !n reference to his removal. He had been led to bellove by certain parties that he would not be re moved, and numberiess letters have been written tothe State Department urging bis retention; but he ascertained to-day that he would be superseded, and I understand he has determined to resign. Mr. Mooro, of Maino, as I stated tome daye ago, is to have the place. All the Departments, by order of (ho Secretaries, will be closed to morrow, and business goneraliy will be suspend ed in the city. A desperate struggle ia pow being made br the rerpec tive parties Interested in the Tehuantepec Grant. The Stoo men and Hargous men are both on the ground. It isa pretty Oght as it stands. I em authorized to state that there ts no truth (n the re port ‘hat Mr, Fames, our Minister at Veneruela, demandet bie paesports, owing to tho refusal of that govornment to recognize certain claims of part'es Interested la the Bird guano Isianda. ‘TUR GRNWRAL NEWEPAPER DEWATOR. IMPORTANT TO THE FINANCIAL AGENTS OF THE GOT- ERNMENT, ETC. Wasaunorom, Jaly 2, 1867. To obviate the embarrassmenta and Inconvenierces vader the treasury Iaw and supplemental ect of March la:t, the Seoretary of the Treasury bas issued circulars to the depositaries and disbarsers of public moneys, making Practical the provision that disbursing oficers shall draw for the amount deposited only in favor of the person to ‘whom payment 's to be made, in pursuance of law and in structions, except when payments are to be made in sume under twenty dollars. The department discountenances the ure of disbursing officers’ checks as a means of remit- tance from one section of country to another, and instructs in all oases where disbursing officers shall receive money for the Treasurer's drafis, remitted upon specific estl- mates for immediate expenditure, they will at once d's- burse the money for the purposes and objects estimated without the dolay and inoonvenionce of placing it ina Public depository, unices it be mear at band, in which cage such deposit may be made. ‘The Tonawands Indians bad an interview with the Secretary of the Interior this morning, and retired with his assurance that no immodiate steps will be taken for thetr removal from the reservation (hey now occupy. ‘Mark L. Means has been appointed Register of the Land Office at Warsaw, Missouri. Watal Accident, Baxpr Hoox, Jaly 3, 1867, Aman was killed this morning, at this place, by the failing of & piece of timber which was being raised upon A derrick. Tho timber struck him upon the head, killing him instantly, His name is supposed to be Peter Toole, and his age about forty years. His family live in Brock. lyn, Le 1. Departure of the Europa: Hausrax, Joly 8, 1967. Tho roya! mat) stoamship Kuro oa arrived here ‘rom Bos- ton, at baif past one o'clock, and galled again for Liverpool st (bree o'clock this morning, The weather I clew aud calm. ‘The Late a-cident on the Martetta Raflrond. Premeuna, July 8, 1867. Corcuman, July 3, 186%. ‘The most destructtve and diastrous fire sin. the orgaat- antion of the Steam Fire Department, occarred ist night 1 broke out in the engine room of Messrs. Joh.wes, Mea- dew & Co.’s extensive furnitare manufactory, ou the our. Ber of Smafth and Columbia strrete. Ine short tumater it rele out the entire building wer envoloped la flames, and the fre was commuatoated to the adjoining eight sry brick building and the two franse stractares owned ty the same firm. Ali three buildings were destroyoa, together with @ large quandty of lumber and the cate stock. The loen is estimated at $100,000, and the insuraneo amounts to 930,000. Alto, last night, the stove and bollow ware manufactory Of Messrs. William Robr & Co., the largest in the West, was destroyed by fire, Loss $150,000, Insurance $30,000. Several buildings and a large amount of bumber im the vicinity were much injured, particularly Holstein & Hamn- mer’s moulding factory, J. K. Cool!dge’s furniture estab- ishment and the Mechantos Hotel. By these disasters one hundred and seventy-five menem- * ployed. by. Johnson, Meader & Co., and one hundred and twenty-five employed by Rohr & Co., are thrown eat of employ ment. ‘Beveral persons were injured by the fhiling walls. Arrival at Philadelphin of Five Hundreil Mormons. Parapmersis, July 8, 1867. ‘The ship Tuscarora, from Liverpool, arrived here to-day with five hundred and thirty Mormon passengers bound for Salt Lake, Exccution of a Murderer, Roox Istaxp, Ili, July 8, 185%. Andrew Ingram was executed bere to-day for the mar der of his wife last winter. Whe Firm of £. R. Hinckly & Co. Cusco, July 3, 186%. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD, PuapEvrata, July 8, 1867. ag hicks sendy. Penney ivaais 6's, 83; Reading tawene, aH rere road, 11; Morris Canal, 60; New Osieass, July 2, 1867. Cotton—Sales to-day 2.600 bales; prices ad’ on widdiing qualities; middling, I4%xc. m 143¢6. corn 75¢ a bbc. Lard, in kegs, 153¢0. Fr . Bterling exchange, 97,c. New Flour active. 7. Corn firm. Oats Shipments to Buffalo—1,300 dbls flour, 24,000 bushelp wheat, 13,00 bushels corn. Shipments to Oswego—Ne flour or wheat, 12000 bushels corn. Receipts to-day — 1,100 bbls. flour, 26,000 bushels wheat, 68,000 , Joly $6 P.M. Bales 600 bbis. at $6 common: Oswxoo, 50 a8? 60 for —Sales of 9 THE OLD QUABANTINE--A CAPNON, TWO HOWIT- ZBRS AND SOMB RIFLES TAKEN TO SEGUINE’S POINT FOR DEFENCE AGAINST THE OYSTSQMEK— advance, an abundant supply of fre crackers anda few poands of extra powder for amusements during the day, ‘and a good stock of roman candies, rockets and miscella- ‘neous pyrotechnic articles for evening oatertainment. They and it is to be hoped thelr calculations will prove correct. Some $300 has besa expended alto gether for the extra powder needed, and fireworks, which surely is quite s sum for a squad of police men to expend on a single Fourth of July. The ex- Fenditure, bowever, is said to have been approved by the ruling powers of White street, on the ground of the excel- lent opportnnity it afforded to give the valiant band e pooner ae wiler, The American flag will be moun! in the morning uj headquarters," end guns fired at Intervals all day. wi An cight a cannon, two howitzors, and a namber of rifles were down to the Point yesterday, to be on band for additional defence in case rumored assaalt npon the new buildings should be made, Captain Walling bad some difficulty pe) the war armaments at the ‘Staten Island ferry in time te caich a boat,on account of the cart upon which they were placed breaking down. Accurtomed to sirmount ditt jultigs, the Captain, however, succeeded {v effectiag b's purpose, aad despite the seem: identlal bit joe the war slaews ia bis bende by the Metvvopolitan Police C mumissioners were tafely got on their way, and convaveito thelr destination. Their presence dovbliessinduced to sounder tae evening at the headquarters than otherwite would boen the care, owlig toa rumor having fot im clreulastoe that the proposed attack would be made last evening. Ie consrquence of this rumor, it was stated that ao unuseel pumber of men would be on night guard. yruterday aftertcov, that althougt he pelieved no attecs ‘would be made be shovld keep bimel! (x reacinens to be on hand with minute men at his command to asia ef & moment's notice to defend the property, A* yot ne had received no notice that av asrauit war to bo made. communication annovzcing an intended agent to night le yo = > sald to Lave ber a made to Supertotendeat fallmad, terday afternoon. The new and old board had faction in tbe mat’er last evening At the oid Quarantine the Natona! In tependence ts to be ‘com: i & manner worthy of the day—cassen are to be fired st daylight, at 9A Mat noonand at ¢ P.M, In the evenings largo number of rockets will be thrown up, with a cisplay ¢{ come nnique Greworks. The schooner Sarah Hili, arrved from Mayaguen, P. R, bas been sent down te the lower Quaram tine avoborage. Sevewal of the crow of the were found to be afected with a dowbifc!l fevor, end to wm. eure the public boalth againet the possibility of deuger, Dr. Thompaon, the Health Officer, ordercd the vemel to be sent to tho Seguine Point anchorags. Those of the crew who were rick were consigned to the Marino Hoxpttal, et the old Quarantine. It was stated a: outside of the Quarantine walis, that another c! the crow of the Loey i The rumor wae declared unfounded inside the Quarantine. The Lucy Heywood aad the Sarab Hill are tho only vessols now lying a4 he lower Qoaian,ine anchorage. American Gibie Society. ‘The stated mecting of the managers was held at the Bible Bouse, Astor place, on Thursday, the 2d inst., at half past 4 P. M—Dr. Thomas Cook 'n the ohair, assisted by Hon. Luther Bradieb, Wm. B. Crosby, and Francis GL vet eextt of which three are jx Pew auxiliaries were recognized, of wi tn Tennessee, and op ‘pb cnet ‘the Slates of Kentocky. Missouri and Miasisuippt. were presented from Rey L. 8. Jacoby, Bre mon, with encouraging recounts of the work in Germany. fod asking an additional grant of fends; Webster, Wesleyan Mi », San Spanwh Robles for distribution Doty, ‘aak BS eloty of Methodist clrowlating (b> ceriptares: