The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1857, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. eA ee cate comet Ral vite Atri, Set Se avin or 85 © any part of the Bontinons, bath DN FAVOR OF THE ACT. Residence, Names Hiram Denlo, Chicf Justice. . & Jobnson F Brown... ‘The opinion of the Court, which was delivered by the Chief Justice, examines the pointa as to the oreation of the Metropolitan Police district, and the method of the appointments provided for in the bill, and declares that there is nothing adverse to ‘the letter of the constitution in either. There is nothing in the constitation prohibiting the abolition of the local police arrangements of the city by the Legislature, nor the remodelling of the force in any manner that the Legislature sees fit. Jodge Shank- Iand delivered an opinion on the affirmative side of the question in which the merits of the case were fully discussed, to show the necessity of some reform in the police arrangements of the city, thus justifying the ‘passage of the bill by the Legislature. Judges Brown and Comstock dissent from the declaration recognizing the alteration or modification of the divisions of cities and counties, as in the instance of the formation of the Metropoli- tan district. On the whole, the Metropolitan Police act appears to be @ very successful evasion of the | terms of the constitution. The people will now adept the suggestion of Judge Denio, viz.:—“The tue remedy for unwise legislation is provided for in tke constitution by the frequent renewal of Le- @islatures.” The ballot box is the court of last resort. The decision of the Court was altogether unexpected yesterday when the news was telegraphed to town. the Bank of America was drawn apon for abeut $200,- 000, but received back on deposit nearly an equiva- lent amount from the Sub-Treasury. The whole sam paid into the Sub-Treasary for duties was between three and four hundred thousand dollars, muoh less than had been anticipated. Yesterday it was be- Neved the demand for specte to pay duties would probably be less than the day before. There will be & brisk demand for money today to meet maturieg paper in the banks, aa bills falling due on the 4th and 5th have to be paid before three o'clock this af- ternoon. Next week, however, we may expect some relaxation in the demard, as a large amount of divi- dends are in the course of being paid out by various corporations and institutions. ‘The firmness of holders yesterday chocked sales of cot ton, which were confined to a few hundred bales at fall prices, Flour was dull, and rather easter for ordinary graces, while the market generally was without change of moment in prices, yot closing with rather a better fouling. ‘Tho sales wer> tom Mair oxtent, Wheat was firm, with sales of prime Milwauicie at $1 67, Chicago apring at $1 60, end prime Canadian white at $1 95. Corn was firm and active, at B4c, @ Bbe. for Weetern mixed and at 880. for Soutbern yollow. Pork was more active and Agmer, with sales of 1,400 a 1,600 bbls. of moss at $22 25 0 $2287 a $22 60, part cheok. om the day. Among the eales were wome lots for Boston, The market closed at the outside figure, with rolall lots at $22 62 0 $2287. Primeeold at $19 10a$1912 There was rather more doing in sugars. ‘The sales embraced 400 bhds. Cubs muscovado, 400 do, moiado, and 707 boxes in bond, for export, on term: given tm another column. Coffee was firm, with moderate sales. In freighte for Liverpool there was more doiug, ad with a rather better feeling, while engagements to tbo Continent were Ighi, snd rates unobanged. The Great Municipal Question ef the Day= ‘The Rights of Minorities. The decision of the Court of Appeals, which is given elsewhere, affirming the judgment of the Supreme Couct on the constitutionality of the Metropolitan Police law, revives in a striking form the interesting topic on which we touched the other day—namely, the contrast between the Britich constitution and the constitution of our States in reference to the treatment of mino- ities. ‘That singular patchwork of great truths, great errors, liberal principles, and feudal nonsense which is known to historians as the British con- stitution draws with come distinctness the lines between the sovereign and the subject, but does not attempt any restrictions upon the rights of a majority of subjects over a minority. Nothing in the statute book of England can be ased by an unfortapate minority asa shield against the aggressions of an arbitrary majority. The mi- nority may complain and protest, while the mea- ture of oppression is in progress; but the act once passed, it isinviolable. No court of justice can review it; no power In the country can ren- der it invalid. Minorities, in fact, in England, have norights at all. There is nothing to pre- vent the passage of acts of the most crying in- justice to them; nor is any means known by which the effect of euch acts When pessed can he mitigated. They are handed over to the majo- ‘It was understood that the Judges had fixed upon | this morning as the time for its delivery, but owing | to some suggestions in regard to the Fourth of July, | aad ita here on that day, it was | thonght expedient by the Court to deliver it yesterday. Its effect at White s:reet | was quite electrifying, and Metropolitan police | warrsots went up considerably above par be- | fore night. A variety of displays of flags with some | laminations were made by the different Metropoli- tan s'ation houses. The Commissoners were sere- | naded ut midnight by a full band, attended by large | delegations of the Metropolitan police, who were treated with due hospitality, champagne and fire- | ‘works, at the residences of the different Commis- sions. ‘The steamer Cyclops, detailed by the British go- | vernment to make soundings along the route of the | proposed submarine cable across the Atlantic, ar- rived at St. Johns, Newfoundland, on Wednesday. Lieat. Daymaa, her commander, confirms in every | material particular the aundings made by Lieut. Berryman, thus placing this important matter be- yond farther cavil from any quaiter. ‘We publish elsewhere a very interesting communi- cation from the Superintendent of Castle Garden to the Commissioners of Emigration, giving a very comprehensive and useful table of the number of vessels ond emigrants arriving at this port for each month since the lat of January, 1856. From this communication it appears that the United States are far behind England in the number of her stean veseels engaged in the emigrant trade, for while Engiand has had thirty-five steamers at this port during that time with emigrants, the United States have hed but two. The arrivals at Castle Garden on Wednesday and Thursday were very large, ‘am: utting to over 2,500 each day. Our readers are not perhaps aware that until re- cently the difficulties attending the recovery of pro- perty left by deceased Americans in Cuba were so great asin many instances to amount to ite virtual confiscation by the government. This state of things caused great discontent amongst the foreign residents; bot it was not until Dr. Edward Worrell, late United States Consul at Matanzas, took the matter in hand that steps were taken to remedy it. ‘That gentleman succeeded in drawing General Con- oha’s attention to the subject, and s law has been re- cently passed which has effectually settled the rights of tbe legitimate heirs, and removed the obstacles which had existed to the establishment of their claims In another column will be found a letter addressed to Dr. Worrell by Mr. Hewett, of Havana, acknowledging the services rendered by him im ob- taining the passage of the new law. We willingly give it ineertion as a just tribute to the merits of a gentieman who has always distinguished himself by hin readiness to promote the interests of his coun- | trymen in Cuda. We publish elsewhere an official despatch of Com- modore Paulding, of the Wabash, to the Navy De- partment, in reference to the Nicaragua filibusters recently ianded on our shores. Many of the facts mentioned by the Commodore have already been taade pablic. He says—‘ It became necessary, not only to give protection to our misguided country. men, but to reconcile the interests of cont parties belonging to the United States and Costa Rica not always to be comprehended nor disposed ‘Of by an ordinary standard.” A train on the Marietta and Cincinnati railroad was on Wednesday precipitated down an embank- ment o distance of fifty-three feet, amashing the cars to fragments, Three persons were killed, eight injured probably beyond recovery, and a dozen others more or leas mangled. We give a list of the mames of the sufferers, as far as ascertained, under the telegraph head. ‘We give elsewhere a full account of the present Condition of the hospital buildings in process of erection at Seguine’s Point. The recent visit to the new Criarantine by the committee of the Emigration Comm iastoners, and the'r dennnciation of the nature rity, bound hand aad foot, to be dealt with acoord- ing to the discretion of their masters. Hence the several disgraceful acts which have from time to time encumbered the British statute book— the Catholic Disabilities act, the Ecclesiastical Titles act, various Test acts, and # number of otber upjust, oppressive and foolish acts, which were designed by intolerant majorities to crush out helpless minorities, and which, ia many in- stances, very nearly accomplished their purpose. Some of these were penal acts; aad it illustrates their character, the spirit of the age, and the le- gislative system of the country, to know that so flagrantly unjust were they, that it was impossi- | Ble to obtain a conviction under them from a jury, no matter what the evidence. The law, in | this instance, was practically nullified by the perjury of twelve, men all good and true; what a state for a country, where the protection of mi- rorities was reduced to such a strait ! With us, on the other hand, the due protection of mizoritica against the oppression of majorities was on early topic of study. The very earliest constitutions framed—some of the acts and charters prior to the Revolution—evince a thoughtful solicitade for the rights of minorities. When our State constitutions were passed, this was perbaps the most important of all the const- derations that were present to the mind of the framers. How to delegate legislative authority to an elective body in euch a way that such in- stances of despotism and oppression as had ori- nally led to the settlement of New England, and | some of the Southern States, might be Impossi- ble here--this was the problem our lawgivers had before them. They eolved it; by reserving all matters not otherwise disposed of—thus in- cluding #1] new and doubtful cases—to the arbi- trament of the people; by specifically designating (*0 far as wae possible) the subjects on which the legislative bodies should legislate; by laying down a few clear axioms of common rights, which the | Legislatare could not violate; and lastly—the | most important point of all—-by constituting the highest court of justice in the State a final court of review, and intrusting it with the duty of comparing all laws with the constitution aad pronouncing the nullity of such laws aa did not | tally with that instrument. Such were the precautions taken by tho earliest State legislators for the protection of minorities in the States. We believe these provisions to be, in gencral words, common to all the State constitu- tions; those which are of recent date have en- larged and elaborated them, so as to extend and confirm the object intended—the protection of minorities. The design of every constitution- maker in this country from before the Revolation to the present day has been to prevent, by every means, the enactment of laws on the European model, by which a chance majority could oppress and unjustly injure a body of its fellow-citizens numerically inferior to itself. ‘The object sought has been several times at- tained—to the fervent gratitude of the people. ‘The best remembered instance in this State is that of the Prohibitory Liquor law. That was & measure passed by a chance majority in the Legislature, and caloulated to oppress and se- verely injure a minority of the people of this State—namely, the liquor dealers, whe protested vainly against it while # was before the Legis- lature. What happened? ‘The protest was dis- regarded; the bill passed; attempts were made to enforce it; an appeal was taken to the courts; ‘aad extent of the hoapital and other accommodations Propo-'d to he furnished, have had the effoct to wake Up the \uarantine Commiteioners to increased ac- The Chamber of Commerce held » qnarterly Jog ot Clinton lat lat evening. The Commitee on Observatory reported that they had prepared @ Memorial to the Common Connoil, asking for the grant of an appropriate site on the Battery. A de. ‘bate took place on the long-standing subject of a permanent location for the Chamber, when and the Court of Appeals, interpreting this to be one of the cases where the rights of a minority were intended to be shielded by the constitution, disallowed the law. Of the wisdom of this de cision it ie unnecessary to ray anything beyond the remark that no Legislature since has been willing to pass another prohibitory law. The unexpected judgment of the Court of Ap- peals demonstrates the fact that that tribunal can. not always be relied upon to defend the rights of minorities. That judgment—in the words of ©. Wetmore, Eoq., rather waked up tue members by . Chief Justice Denio—devolves upon the people NEW. YORK HERALD, FRIDAY,’ JULY 3, 4867. 1 the duty of rectifying the errors of thelr legisla ‘tors The appeal must now be made not to aay other court, but to the people et the polls; the city eustorities must Isy thelr case before the people of tae State at large, and demand redress in the name o” municipal Uberty and local free- dom. Mr. Senator Doug. *4—Kansas—The South and the Administr\tien—The issue Made Up. We epread before our reacts this morning— the firt favorable oppertanity—the late Spring- field (Illinois) epeech of Mr. Senater Douglas in full, As appropriate to the occasion, we append to it several editorial commentaries from our South- ern exchanges upon the Kansas policy of Gov. Walker; and trom the text thos afforded we propose briefly to discuss the great overshadowing danger of the present crisis, and the eafe and simple policy of the admluistra- tion. This speech of Mr. Douglas has naturally creat- ed an extensive sensation, from his conspicuous geogrephical position as a candidate for the Pre- tidency, and from his official position in reference to the Territorial legislation of the next Con- gresa, It is evident, however, that this epeech is very much the bidof a candidmte for the Presi- dency, and very little the argument of an en- lightened and dispassionate legislator. Some of our far-sighted ultra cotemporaries have affected to admire it very mach, as worthy the statesman- ebip of the “Little Giant,” butin our opinion itis 4 jumble of double shufflings, equivocations and etultifications, worthy only the LittieDodger. We say Little Dodger; for this Springfield manifesto is the concentration of artful dodging and pal'ry trickery. For example, upon the Dred Scott case, follow- ing in the safe and beaten path of the Supreme Cowt, Mr. Douglas is fluent, lucid and enthusi- astic, So, too, in reference to the Mormon nui- sance of Utah—repulsive to all parties and all s«ctions—Mr. Douglas is emphatic and decisive, and propoees the bold remedy of the abolition of the Territorial government of the Saints. He feels that it is perfectly safe to take the strongest ground of hostility to the atrocities of Mormon- ism, and he therefore out-Herod’s Herod in his remedy, without regard to consistency or the ex- tent of the doctrine he advances, But upon the great, vital and paramount issue of the day—the Kansas question—how gingerly this Little Giant treads! He slurs it over, he smothers it up, he slips by it, and dodges it. He adberes to the doctrine of popular sovereigaty— be leaves the issue to the people of Kansas; but he fails to tell us what all of us, just now, of all things imost desire to know—what is popu- lar sovereignty, and who, as things now stand—who are the people of Kansas. The Southern ultras accept the remarks of Mr. Doug- Jas as eignifying that the people of Kansas are those designated in the contracted schedule of the late pro-slavery Legislatare, and as also sig- nifying that the State constitution of the ap- proeching pro slavery Kansas convention should be final and conclusive, without running the usual hazerds of submitting it, bona fide, to a vote ofall the people. This is the accepted interpretation of the Southern secession press, and, satisfied that they know the drift of Mr. Douglas, we also accept it. Van Burenish and befogged, too, as are these Kansas remarks of the Little Dodger, they are not admissible of any other than this extreme South- ern construction. And here we pin him, as ven- turing to the extent of his tether in a bid for the support of the Southern nigger drivers for the succession. Here the remarks of the Richmond Enquirer, the Richmond South and the Charleston Mercury, in reference to the Kansas policy of Go- vernor Walker, come into play. Here, we may ask, what means this savage ferocity of the South and the Mercury against Governor Walker, and this shilly-ehally trumpery and backing and fill- ing of the Enguirer and Washington Union? Here we enter into the real merits of the case, We take this ground: There is a Southern ultra conspiracy afoot against the Kansas policy of Gov. Walker and againet Mr. Bachanan’s ad- ministration ; and the sympathics and schemes of Mr, Douglas are identified with this Southern conspiracy. Gov. Walker eays that whon this forthcoming Kansas Convention shall have adopted a State constitution it must be submit- | ted, bona fide, to a vote of the people of Kansas | for ratification, or that he will do all he can to | have this aforesaid constitation rejected by Con- | grees, This is falr—this is honest—this is in ac- | cordance with the uniform usage in this country | in reference to a new State constitution. It is | always submitted to the people for ratification: | Now, if Mr. Douglas were in favor of this course: I how very easy it would have been to say in this Springfield epeech, “I approve the course pur- sued by Gov. Walker in Kansas as the policy of | Mr, Buchanan ard his Cabinet!” But Mr Douglas ignores the administration on this issue. We set him down, therefore, as the chosen cham- pion of the Southern ultras against the Kansas policy of Gov. Walker and Mr. Buchanan. From the extracts given in this connection from the Southern nigger driving and Southern conservative press, it will be seen that while the ultras are bold, savage and defiant, such conservatives as the Washington Union ond Richmond Enquirer are down upon their knees and blinking and begging the ques- tion. Call you this backing the administration? — or, is it backing out? Have we no democratic backbone in the South except among the seces- sion faction? Is Mr. Ritchie so very feeble in the back or weak in the knees as to be frighten- ed into apologies and explanations by such emp- ty blustering and bravado as that of the young man, Mr. Pryor? It becomes, in this exigency at allevents, the duty of the administration to draw the line between its friends and its enemies, and to teach the wavering and the trembling among the well disposed the path of loyalty and honor, We hear from our Southern cotemporaries that Walker has transcended his instructions, and that he is to be recalled. We do not believe it, We know better. We are satisfied that Gov, Walker has faithfully followed his instructions, and has met the desires of the administration, in the liberal, conciliating and honest course which he pursued. But there should be no longor any room for doubt upon these points. The sad ex- perience of poor Pierce indicates the way of safety to Mr. Buchanan. Poor Pierce truckled and knuckled to these Southern disorganizers in everything, and Gov. Reeder, Gov. Shannon and Gov. Geary were successively appointed and turn- ed ‘hdrift to appease such insatiable spirits of discord as Atchison, Jeff. Davis and Dr. String- fellow. The ignominious consequences to poor Pierce, and to Kaneas, and the democratic party, are a sufficient warning against any repetition of hie miserable tricks. Better still, Mr. Buchanan is above all the elements ami cliques of scheming factionists, North or South, He has nothing to ask of them, nothin ¢0 fear; but with the solid masses of the a his back he can boldly gropple with all publid Aisturbers and factious conspirators, and bind theet over to keep the peace, To this end, it has now become the Gaty of Mr. Buchanan to reiterate his wishes in reference to Kansas in « manner not to be misunderstood. He ehould give the Washington Union and the Bic. mond Enquirer, and all such well disposed orgams of the democratic party to understand that Gov. Walker is the faithful represeatative in Kansas of the President and his Cabinet, and must be eustained. The people—the great body of the people—of all parts of republic are well pleased with the course of Gov. Walker; they expect it to be carried out; and the sooner the law and the gospel are laid down to this Southern clique of disunion conspirators the better. Tho fate of the administration and the destiny of this Union depend upon the nerve and pluck of our honest President, If he shrinks, lke poor Pierce, he is lost; and if the country is precipitated into the horrors of sectional strife, if he stands fast, like Old Hiok- ory—as we know he will—the country is saved, treason and faction are conquered, and the ad- ministration is exalted in history and trans- mitted as a precious legacy to posterity. Mr. Buchanan's policy in regard to Kansas, aa developed through Governor Walker, ia the ho- neet, just and true policy. It will stand fre—it will stand water—it wil overcome Southern treachery and Northern fanaticism—it will be abundantly sustained by the solid Union masses of the country, of all parties. In pursuance of this policy, should another border war be insti- gated in Kansas through the mischievous agents of abolitionism and secessionism, and should this war require twenty thousand soldiers to suppress it, they could be raised as volunteers within twenty days in the single State of Pennsylvacia. As for the hue and cry of these Southern nullifers and secessionists, it is an old story. They were silenced in 1833 by the stamp of Old Hickory’s foot—they tried the teat of a popular vote in 1851 in Georgia and Missiasippi, and they were whipped Into submission to the Union and the laws. Tosum up: There isa Northern nigger wor- shippers’ party in existence, of which Mr. Seward aspires to be the Presidential ehampion in 1860; and there isa Southern nigger-drivers’ party in process of formation, of which Mr. Douglas desires to be the Presidential candidate; and both these parties and their principles are inimical to the administration and dangerous to the Union. Tne Kansas policy of Mr. Buchanan cutsin between them; and it is only through this policy of honesty and good faith that the administration and the country can be saved. Artists AND Crirics.—The oyster house critic has had hisdsy. That day is past. To all in- tents and purposes his occupation is gone. No more will he enjoy his midnight treat of and champsgne in subterranean cellars. No more will his “ stand and deliver,” addressed to trembling artists, avail to replenish his exhausted treasury. His spell has lost its Influence, and henceforth, if he would avoid starvation, he must betake himself to some honester calling. Years ago the oyster houee critic was a most important personage, at least in his own estima- tion and in that of deluded artista. He presided, or fancied he presided, over the destinies of every prima donna, tragedienne or ballet dancer that came to present herself before a New York audience: His fanctions were to have published in such of the minor journals of the city as would admit his rigmarole, highly colored biographies of the new artist. He generally dealt in fancy sketches, and laid on his colors with a lavish brush. Know- ing little of the details of true art or true criti- cism, he only dealt in wholesale phrases. If the new candidate for popular applause had recog. nized the necessity of first securing his favor there were no bounds to the fuleome praises he lavished on him or her. Ifnot, he was equally unscrupulous in describing the artist's début as a failure, In this way some baker's dozen of these classes managed to scrape out a precarious existence at the expense of ignorant foreign artists and cor- rupt agents, to the detriment of art and criticism in this city. The exposures which we have from time to time made of theee oyster house critics have had at length the desired effect. For the Inet few years their influence bas been on the wane, and we think we may safely assume that it is now ut- terly extinct. At all events, it is no longer deemed indispensable or necessary, as it used to be, for artists to conciliate the favor of the gang in advance. They may now safely come before the public without any preliminary flourish in the minor newepapere, relying alone for success on their talents in their reapective walks of art. We have just had three notable examples of the truth of the fact just stated. We have Madame La Grange at the Academy of Maric, Made- moiselle Rolla at Niblo’s, and Mies Logan at Wallack’s, all attaining brillfant suo- cesses without having resorted to any of the usual claptrap and humbugging that were once deemed indispensable. Madame La Grange, to be eure, had alrendy established o reputation for herself. She was known throughout the United States as an artist of the first merit, and when she had determined to open the for @ season, she had simply to announce that fact in the columns of the Hexaxp to insure overflow- ing audiences, So, too, with that beautiful danseuse, Mad’lle Rolla, at Niblo’s, She came here without a sin- gle preliminary flourish, relying solely on her own talent and the good taste and appreciativeness of this enlightened community. The result shows that ehe was not mistaken. Last of all: there is Miss Eliza Logan at Wal- lack’s theatre, She made her débu here with no other announcement than her own sensible, natural letter to the editor of the Herarp, She had, to be eure, a certain Western reputation; but it is doubtful whether with a New York audience that reputation was not calculated to do her more injury than benefit. She relied on her own great abflity and on the educated perceptions of her audience; and now she has a metropolitan fame. There is not a city, town or village in the United States where her name is not now a fa- miliar one. The cotemporancous triumphs of these three artiste, independent of, and even in epite of, the once formidable gang of oyster house critica, ehow conclusively that theee poor devils are in a most forlorn and destitute condition, There never will be any more occasion for their pro- fessional services. Artista will henceforth dis- pense with preliminary puffing—simply have their détnts announced in a newspaper of great cirou- lation, and leave the public to judge for itself. We have some compassion for the ex-critica, and hope they will take to some more honest and less precarious pursuit. The End of Generel Walker tn Mia \Tegue After landing at New Orleans and vitting most of the prominent cities of the coum"? General Welker has agein turned his stops’ southward. During this journeying repeated occasion bas been given him to make some pab- ie exposition of his policy and of the cause be claims to represent, and the public has it of him. But he has given voice to none of those ringing utterances with which those who are I earrababer core furans ay misreprecentation ae in clear avd unmistakeable terms. We know ‘little now of the views that animated him and &"¢ circumstences that shaped his ects in Nicaragm’ %° We did when, surrounded by denger, his ‘ene, ties were reviling him, and those who elaimed to be his friends were injuring him with thefr mistaken 7% With the exoeption of come few commonpiags Sentences about Amer! can progress, he has tof , "8 nothing as to how he »ress; and beyond a proposes to arsist that sie of Ni he bare claim to the Presidete spine se 7 has told us nothing of the pot ” © & Presiden! who ateerts a purpose to regenerite peer In this omission Gen. Walker hae de. “Us his want of capacity as a civil leader, ae. ™U% 98 his career in Nacaragua has exhibited litt‘ a. °* ba of military genias and enterprise, TXe put, had to play there did not call only for thot stil” born and dogged power of resistance which he displayed in an eminent degree—it called fot ® rapidity of conception and execution that shou’ | have seemed to confer upon him ubiquity. Tho } men that composed his forces were vastly su- perior in activity, enduraace, courage and skill in the use of their weapons, to the antagonists they had to contend with; and had Gen Walker kept them in active service in the open field, doubtless they would have achieved a very different result, When he determined to concen- trate them on Granada, and afterwards on Rivas, and abide the results of a siege, the very charac- ter of his men was against him. Requiring excitement, they sought in liquor that which he failed to supply them in the open field. With the means of locomotion that he pos- sessed and the limited extent of country he bad to guard, he should have ex- hibited greater pbysical activity himself. His personal presence in the North, with @ emall body of men, would have combined and strengthened the native partisans he claims to have bad there, so that the allies could never have concentrated there. A flying examination of the defences end garrisons of the San Juan river, which was the key to his position, would have saved that artery to him. A strategic me- nace of Costa Rica, from San Juan del Sur or the eouthern shore of Lake Nicaragua, might have prevented that invasion; and the mere fact of his giving his personal attention everywhere would have made his name a tower of strength, more respected in his absence than in his presence. In all this he failed; and we are teld that he failed because those who backed him here were urgent that he should keep his forces near the Transit route and protect that. In this our New York Commodores have displayed as much in- capacity as they have in thcir dissensions and plottings against cach other. Among them all— Vanderbilt, Morgan, Law, Garrison, and the whole lot—there-eceems not to have been one comprehensive mind capable of grasping all the great issues at take and moulding them to success, After out- ting each other’s throats, as they have done, they are now engaged in a miserable strag- gle over the broken remnants of the Nicaragua Transit route; now imploring our own govern- ment to protect their claims; now endeavoring to cajole the petty governments of Central America, and now again trying to cheat each other into some bargain and compromise. The last batch of filibusters and the New York Commodores have displayed their incapacity and want of com- prehension of their true mission, and we have atill to wait for the true representative filibuster. Passing events in Central America make it not unlikely that it may again become the scene of intestine disorder and invited enterprize. ‘Tae Sprrrvaist Controversy at Bostox.— The spirits have been badly beaten at Boston. ‘The editor of the Boston Courier offered $500 to ‘any mediums or spiritual performers who would perform feate that could not be explained by well known agencies; the challenge was accepted by some of the most prominent rpiritualiste; a jury was appointed consisting of the following gentle- men : Prof. Agaaslz, Prof. B. Peirce, Prof. Gould of the Observatory, and Prof. Horsford. The day of trial came off; the spiritualists mustered in great force; Prof. Agassiz was as jolly as usual, Prof. Peirce looked terribly severe, the other two jurymen were uncommonly sharp; and, as might have been expected, the experiment was an utter failure; the spiritualists could neither read thoughts, nor communicate with the dead, nor move inert matter. So the jury met, and set to work to demolish spiritualism and spiritual- ista, which they did in a report in the iconoclas- tio style. We notice that the New York Zribune is dissa- tisfed with the award, and compares the four professors to that scientific body in France which reported against mesmerisma century ago or thereabouts, Still, notwithstanding the Tribune's censures, we incline to the belief that Profesor Agassiz and Profeseor Peirce are honest men, and that they would not saya table had not moved, if it had. Experiments of table turning and spirit rapping have been very common for several years now; almost every one has at some time or other seen ‘an experiment which was considered successful. We exhort the public to believe that in at least three-fourths of these cases—inclading all the public exhibitions—the marvellous results wit- nessed were produced by fraud and imposture; and that in three-fourths of the remainder the epectator was deluded by his own senses, Thero never was a delusion #0 groes, 80 ridiculous, so absurd that it did not find willing and carncst dupes among honest and intelligent persons; the world would bave ceased to be itself if there were no men—enjoying public respect— to testify that they had witnemed the turning of tables, the writing by unseen hands, and the violent rapping on floors and tables by the spirits of the dead. For our part we believe that such phenomena are delusive, and that the persona who perform them are equally divided into rognes and luna- tics. Some make a living by pretending to hold converse with the dead, and eucceed, in conse- quence of the unbounded credulity of mankind; others go into epiritualiam from mental weakness, and go mad on it. These are the most respecta- ble professors of epiritualiem. For further infor- mation vide Judge Edmonds. THE LATEST. NEWS. @.casing the trestlowork twelve miles west of Mariate youts."day morning, one car was thrown off the track and foll « din."8D00 Of fifty three feet and was emashed to pleoss. W. a Be = Di fee KM. Plumer, of May And come others whose names bave ast been asver- Int from Wi THE PORTUGUESE MINISTER AND TRE SLAVE TRADERS —TBE NSTHERLANDS a M/> Defiganiore, the Portuguese Minister, arri red here Jastevoulm. Hobad an interview to-day with the Sorcery of State relative $0 our affairs with his governmint, and niso’ rei thre to diffiowlues which some Portuguese vessels gh into a being implicated in the slave trado, ant whit har recant 7 been under tavestigation before the courts in ee as ‘phy, our now Ministor to the Notlerianda, left here to-any %° Now York, having been eeat for by the President, A + Mr. Belmont is shortly expecied te re- rere ape fhenitansl ‘3 would not allow him to Lave be- of ver, Mr. Belmont will, therefore, sone Bees ta With reference to Now Ve. °* difficulties, the Presiiemt te watching them closely, Ia oBversatiom to-day ya a « ‘a the subject, he famkty distinguished New Yorkor sp paid that he would not allow Sts. Wersto bedivide, Be was detormined they should bea. ‘Tit—be would ave am undivided party in New York if wy "Or? Oot morethan a thousand etrong. David Hogg was to day appointed oe “er Cauiker a the Brooklyn Navy Yard. . Tho Interior Departaent of the gov wenmn, * louse tas the ranche Rio de lod Americanos, in (‘Wifornia, confirmed to Joveph I. Fotzom, This tra: Voumiaim, SW five thousand and thirty-six acres, and war pers WOR ‘under the old Spanish rule fer some one thousmad eff nuns ° dred dollars. It is now sald to Bs worth over Cre sities doliare. The Fornandez rancho, confirmed (oD. | Fas nandez and others, contains sevinteen Cd cighty acres. Two San Francisco town lols, ¢@Mg more than three acres in extent, have been cafrm’ ed to Jacob P. Loose and others. These lois apaite- ated im the very beart of fan Francisco, and sew tht the tle is sound and secure, will perhaps be the most whus- ble piece of real estate in that city. ‘The General Land Office bas transmitted to the Steet Florida a patent to one hundred and fifty-seven thammd acres of swamp lands. These lands embrace some ¢ (he finest agricultaral lands in the State. Mejor Deas, Assistant Adjotant-General United ater army, arrived this morning from Kansas, and report@e- vernor Walker's complete success in quieting alfais im that Territory. All the citizens are now in (avor of pid. ing obedience to the laws. No further difloulty is apre- bended. ‘The recent changes of the clerical force in the Paton Office, it is believed, has not increased its e ficiency, Naval Court No. 1 has been sitting to-day with ose@ doors. The second Court ie progressing with the caer Licuteaant Rolando. Licutenast Lowrie’s examimion ‘was continued from yesterday. He had heard Licuiaas Rolando’s character as an officer discussed as much ed@aat of apy ether ia the navy, and considered him to pass the higbest qualifications in every respect. Commaier Jobn R. Tucker was present at an inspection of the stener Powhatan, in 1866, at Norfolk; he considered Licuess K's conduct as an executive officer on that eccasion praw. ‘When witaeas passed Lieutenant R.’s d! vision It was that cor’s duty to have been forward, and he thinks he was the, although bis own attention was more particularly emd to the batteries of the veesel. Ia the third Court, the am of Commander Mason being up, Dr. A. Y. P. Garnett us called for the government. He sailed in the Cyane ah Lieutenant Mason ; saw bim under influesce of lige, Dut not sufficientiy{to prevent attendance to duty; waem board during the absence of Captain Stribling at Los Am- les; about dark on one cocasion the ship was got unr ‘weigh by command of Licutenant Mason; the master ad she was standing in the direction of the islands of coart; Lieutenants Shattack and Burry being informed 7 myself of tho fact, the former, after consulting with Léq- tenant Mason, put the ebip about and anchored her ta @ tamo place, Lieut, M. was undor tho influence of liga, bat gave the orders with distinctness, The ship did anchor at exactly the same place. Thinks the captain com potent to perform his dutics as the average of navi officers. Commander Isaac 8. Sterrett served with appl cant in 1827 $ im the Meditteranean on the Ontario; alse 4 1842 om the United States,the fiag ship of Coment dore Jones, and thinks applicant s good ofiem ‘The Tonawanda band of Seneca Indians, from Wester New York, are here trying to effect « compromise with Ogden Land Company. ‘The general examination nto (he election riots wil D commenced by the Grand Jury next week. At least om hundred witnesses have been summoned. One hundred and eight thousand dollars of Treaser, notes, issued in 1846 and 1847, are outstanding. A large two story brick buliding in the avenue oppestt: the National Hotel was Gred by an incendiary ana bums down last night. It was owned by Messrs. Middictom @ Beall, and occupied by Reese, gas fitter; De Unger Reese aro insured, bat the loss of De Unger is not less tham $3,000. ‘The weather is remarkably cold and damp. CAPT, BRSKINE, OF THE BRITIOH NAVY. Wasmisctom, Jaly 2, 1857. ‘The arrival of the Wabash at New York with General Walker's men is a subject of interesting comment over the sued oa the subject — Sarr Wa Qui New Youn, June 28, 5 &m—I bave the honcr to inform you that I arrived to-day in the Wabash, ina <n on eee Pay FH huodred and twenty men, ~q men five children, who, under the orders of the P= ~ h-§ ult, wore from fan June on the oveaing of the, i6th iat’ an oomauaioatad in By - fattr by te Tiinols, : The United States Mail Steamship agent re firecer's atest Seat Ne Tom et 0 for a‘pasnage lo Now Orionna 940 for adcihs and E I i : i When placed oar gun the effiuvia from wounds and alarmed me for the of the ship, but this, as well as the condition of the sufferers, has beon improving by the unre- Cae Uy thotr protecslonal skill and devotion to the "Total ret that al who are wel enough ‘be ianded at t g if sf