The New York Herald Newspaper, April 20, 1857, Page 1

THE NEW. YORK HERALD THE GREAT W WORK OF TH OF THE A AGE. Telegraphic Union of the Old and New Worlds. ; ‘SIE FIRST CABLE EVER CONSTRUCTED. Arrangements for Laying the Last Cable. PROGRESS OF SUBMARINE TELEGRAPHING. nny SPECIMENS OF THE CABLES OF THE WORLD. Fhe Telegraph Plateaw of the Atlantic, OOOO OOOO naeS ‘WHE INFUSORIA OF THE PLATEAU. MRoresceplc Specimens from the Bed of Zhe Difects of the Success of the Submarine Telegraph. ‘Me Daily Morning and Evening Publication of tn amsesbiaieboabentis:Scitascaescata | moe United States war steamer Niagara is appointed to Jewvo the yort of New York this morning for England, pre parstory to performing her part in laying the great subma- Whee telegraph cable which is to connect the epposite shores @f Buropo anti Amorica. In this important work she will be @atited by two English naval steamships and the United ietes vieam frigate Susqnebanna, which haa been do- ‘washed from her service on the Mediterranean for the Parpose. It is calculated that the expedition on which hese vessels are to be employed will be accompliched tn ‘Qwo montis from the present time, and that direct and ‘Tastant communication will be established between the Now ami the Oid World, ‘his gigantic enterprise was first conceived in this country, ‘aad we commenced about four years ago, by a small ecmwpany of American capitalists residing in our city. In face of a!) the objections that were urged against it, they persevered with # determinauon that was proof against all esouragement. It was supposed by some that the laying @f acable across the bed of the AUantic was an utter im- pescibitty, and that any attempt must end in discomfiture fend disastrous pecuniary loss 4 those who should engage the attempt. But the New York, Newfoundland and Leadon Telagraph Company was composed of men who were int to bo deterred by such fears;and being once oon- swineed of the practicability of the undertaking, they en- ered upon it with a will and an earnestness that po obsta- hep could overcom>. They comtended that if it were pessibic w kay a» submarine telegraph between England and aad France, that, with proper means and facilities, fe rane could be dove between America and Rurope, and Unee means and facilities they amert- The task which they Rave ublertaken fs, it must bo confessed, « rtupen- em on; but b> many things have conspired to favor eve who have undertaken it, that there t# lide reason mew to condi of ite wtimate success. The company con- tate of the following gentlemen, all of whom have been 4 were at teir disposal, @emmecid with it since its ucorporation:— PRURIDENT. DIRECTORS, Peter Cooper. Peer ne, Mowe hor. eu apace ee Robuts, Bem geuilemen, about three years “ago, obtained a @arier from the colonial government of Newfoundland, granting them ibe exclusive privilege for fifty years of Fanning a telegraph acroes that island and through any of Bre mijpwent waters. They also obtained an appropriation ef twenty tive thousand dollars for the construction of a Bridle path over the eouthern portion of the country, which was considered indispensable for the regniation ud repair of the telegraph, In addition to this they were @rcured the interest om two hundred and fifty Qeowand dollars for twenty years and a prevent of Sify square miles of land, which the company were ellowed the liberty of selecting im any part of the island. Mheve, with other eubetantial marks of the favor with which the Newfoundland government regarded the enter- pric, wore willingly bestowed wpou the company, with @e beet wiebes for their success. A charter having been previously granted by the governments of Prince Edward Irland ani New Brunswick, the tolographic connecton—or wather the route of the propesed telegraphic connection— Between the United States and St Johns, on the extreme western point of Newfoundland, was established, In the Aattor part of lat year a complete communication was es- tabiiabod Detwoen thowe points, by the eucceseful laying of mbmarive cable across tho Gulf of 8. Lawrence, from Gape Ray & Cape North, the land Unes baying been com- spitted two or three years previously. ‘Thas far the company bad been succesfal; but ull the ald be completed between Europe and work for which they had organteod eounection 6b Amervea, the om not be mid & have Through we agency of Mr. whole amount of capitad, (£500,000, which is equal to $1,- been accomplished. 200,000,) has boon subecribed—the shares amounting to 96,000 euch. The proportions in which these shares have been taken are one hundred and one in Loudon, eixbty- ight in America, eighty <ix in Liverpool, thirtyeven in Glaegow, (wrnty eight in Manchester, and the remaivder in @er jars of England, The British government have dao vixnitied their willingness to pay four per cent on the eaptal for the privilege of transmitting messages ‘‘out- ward and bomeward’ through the line, with the ‘anderrtunding, however, Uhat if they should “in any year, 8 be us! riff rate aanonnt fa larger eum, euch addi tonal poy ment rhall be made as ie equivalent thereto.”” The government f We United Bates will enter into a etmi- far contract wih the company, and each govern. ment bes deuched two steamers to co-operate in the bying of tie cable eoross the Atlantic and be. fween the pointe slready tated. An agreement has heen made with the Allantc Telegraph Company, ender whoee direction it ie at present being manufactured, By which they have bound themselves to lay it down and ever it into the poseestion of the New York, Newfound. tnd and London Telegraph Company in perfect working > car countryman, Prof. & F, B. Morse, belongs the @odit of having been the firet, not only to prove the prac- _—aeattity of trancmitting mensages between distant point © qq hand dy means of electricity, but of using the sane en ge 0 ins eae os Gf tho water, As carly a6 the 10th of August, 1843, we Gnd him sddressing « letter to the Secretary of the Treasu- | Wy af the United Blates, ta whieh be makes tse of the fol inference from this law ie @hat a telegraptuc gom- emamiostion on my plan may with certainty be etablishe ‘the Ptaftling as this may now mam, tbe Ve witcome when wie project will be realised. fn the Hixnain of October 18, 1642, the following sete Oyres W. Field, the . riment— j 400 —Showing practical These years cons iered prov enenipt Pug! The the twetfth of an inch im diameter, a8 may be ton tas the annexed engraving of the lateral and end tevtians — WEES ‘The copper wire which. is represented by the white space im the end #evlion was insulated by means of a hempen strand which was protected frou the action of the water by @ coating of tar, pitch and india rubber. About two miles of this wound on @ reel was placed in @ small Tow boat, and with ope man at the oars and Professor Moree at the etern the work of paying out the cable was commenced. Tt was # beautiful moonlight night, and those who had probonged their evening rambles on the Battery: wondered a8 they gazed at the proccedings in the boa what kind of fishing the two men could be engaged in tha required £0 long & line. In somewhat joss than two hours * on that eventful evouing of the 18th of October, 1842, “the cable” was laid. Proties#or Morse returned to his bome and wailed with rome anxiety the time when he should de wble to test the experiment fully and fairly. Fhe following morning at daybreak he was on the Buttery, end had just established its success by the transmission o three or four characters between the termini of the line, when the communication was stildenty interrupted, and t ‘wus found impossible to send any messages through the conductor. ‘The cause of this was explained by his ob- serving Ho loss than seven vessels lying along the line of the submerged cable, ove of which, in getting under way, had raised it on her anchor. The sailors unable to divine its meaning, hduled in about two hundred feet of it on deck, and finding no end, cut off that portion, and carried itawsy with them, Thus ended the first auempt at sub. marino wiegraphing. Then a small boat was employed in the operation, but such has been the progress in fifteen years that the prediction of Professor Morse is on the eve of being fulfilled. Now we behold Your magnificent nava) vessels employed in the great work of uniting two worlds by aitelogfaph lind stretched across the bed of the Atlantic ovean, and connecting points which are betwoen sixtecn apd seventeen huodred miles distant from each other, In 1844 he wrote another letter to the Secretary of the Treasury in which he refers to his experiment at Caste Garden, and speaks of @ new mode of telegraphing acroas rivers or other bodies of water without wires. The follow- ing extract from his leer is peculiarly Interesting at this time:— Ta the avtamn of 1842, atthe request ef the American Tostitute, I undertook to give to the people in New York a demonstration of the practicabiity of my telegraph by connecting Governor's Island with Castle Garden, a dis- tance of « mile; and for this purpose I laid my wires pro- perly insulated’ beneath the water. Thad searcely begun to operate, and had received but two or three characters when my intentions were frustrated by the accidental de- struction of a part of my conductors by a vessel which drew them up on her anchor and cut them of. In the mo- ments of mertification I immediately devised a plan for arising such an accident in future by so arranging my wires along the bunks of the river as to causo the water fteelf to conduct the electricity across. The ex- riment, however, was deferred till I arrived in ‘ashingten, and op December 16, 1842, I tested my arrangement across the canal and with success. The sim. ple fact was ascertained that electricity could be made to Eroes a river without other conductors than the water it- self, but it Was not tit! the last autumn that] had the Jei- fure to make a series of experiments to ascertain the law of its parsage. The following diagram will serve w ex- plain the experiment — V0— » 3 z Ti ai ta aypaet awa ABCD, are the banks of the river; PN, the battery; FE the electromagnet; © w the wires the banks contiect tng with the copper plates f 9 ke, which are place dit: the secant & the beticry pamses throug! on pats <A ° “WEY yo ae = i rou ‘the coil of the Ew Pinto apd across ie Oe TF thence to the iher polo of the batiory N. The numbers 123 4 indicate distances along the thy ameured by tines of the distance acrow the river. the canal is eighty feet, ‘On August 24 the following were the results of the expo- the pumber of distance across that electricity crosses the river andin quan- ty in proportion to the Five of the plates in the water, Thie distance of the plates on the same side of the river from each other also affects the result. Having ascertain. ec the general adfect, I was desirous of discovering the best | MifARoS at which to place my copper plates, amd nm having he leisure myself, I requated ey my fricud Pro. fessor Gale to make the experiments, experiments were made, and with the most satis- factory results. While engaged in testing this mole of communicating by electricity, a gentleman who was inte- rested in the eubject asked Professor Moree if he could apply it to such a vast body of water as the At luntic, and thus etablish a connection between Europe ‘and ourjown continent. “ Yes,’’ said the Professor, “but in theory only, as Tehould require at least nine miles of coast on ether side to bring it Into practical operation.” ‘Wo have described the first attempt at manufacturing a eubmarine cable, ard tho clreumstances which attended its submersion between Governor's Ieland and Castle Garden, ffveen the year 1849 no fucerasful attempt was made to attain thin important object. In Qhat year twas proposed to lay telegraph between Dover and Calais, but so many ditt “go. ¥rom that time up to about ties were presented in the way of such an undertaking that ft was Gimost impossible, The wire, it wae ‘ed by frequent attempts, could not be wholly insulated, and the electric fluid, as it passed ge Jy exposed por- tone, was #0 di Dy contact with the water us to lowe {u efficieury. Hemp, faturated with tar, was employed; but in course of tine it was found that the water penetrated through that covering, and the project was about being ehandoned as hopeless when a new material was discovered, which was found to answer the par- Pine en everything else had failed. Yortunately, ean at pha iatt neoded, Be tolwatie yh ®- ts entire edapdataiy made known. it wee Go mid geal Seccten—-found net only to resist the action of the water, but that it was a perfect pon-contuctor. This fact once establiched, the to conetruct a sub-marine telegraph between Franer and Kngland was made, and with the moet gratify. mf the manufacture of “the sub- ‘as it was loalled, was erected iv “ very Wine, marine te) legraptt land in 1860, and by September of dint year iota down four miles of it were made and ready to be laid bore, it was ing which we ove in this connection Prewut the und end sections of Uhis cable it had given, pin |. Under these wi * NN . UHR Ais ceed to @ point in the Atlantic aa nearly equi-dis- fant 4s possible from the termini of the line in Ireland and Newfoundland. Joining the separate ends of the line by an ingeniously contrived connector, eanomere| 7 four feet. There was only one wire in this cable, with the fp enna coating aga peroha, which was ‘protected ¢ iron wire covering the out- wa hee laid at ‘the rate of four miles per hour, and fell go eventy that only three miles more than the actual distance traversed was required, Seotland and Ireland were connected by a cable of six Wires in May, 1863. ‘The distanes «is about thirty imiles, and Was traversed by the steamer in not more than ten hours. The following Juné a cable was laid from Orford- bess. {n England, to the Hague, in Holland, a distance of ove hundred and tifjeen miles. ‘Thin task was aceom- plished in thirty-four bours, and only four and a half aoiles of cable were required in the paying out over the actual length from point to point, making hardly oue hun- dred and twenty wiles aiagether, ‘Another cable oon- neets Dover with Ostend, making the third between Eng- land and the continent, In the summer of 1854 a telegraphic union was Cfiected between Corsica and Sardinia, in Italy, the Sar- ; dinian government baying granted three vessels of war to ussist In the undertaking. ‘This work was attend ed with much difficulty in consequence of the break ing of a part of the wire. Tho submerging of a cable between. Corsica and the Island of Sardinia was successfully accomplished. shortly after; but the at- tempt whieh was subsequently made taconnect the island o° Sardinia and Algeria anc thus establish immediate communi: cation between the continents of Europe and Africa, was unsuccessft}, and Has not since been attempted, That it will be effected, and at no distant day, there is no reason to doubt, as the obstacles are not of ap insurmonntable character. The New York, Newfoundland and London Pel Company made an attempt in August of 1855, to unite islands of Newfoundland ond Cape Breton, but tha ple employed in the work were caught in a’ gale, the cable was obliged to be cut, and the undertaking abandoned for that time. The cable, as may be seen from the accompa. nying engravings, which how the cxactaize, had throe con- Gictors, and wen protected in tho same manner, by iron wire, as those. already described THE FIRST GULF CABLE. ta i “ fii) i bi Last year the company sueceeded in making the desired telegraphic connection between the opposite shores of New- foundland and Cape Breton. This time they rejected the three wire cable and procured a much lighter one, with a single wire, consisting of seven strands. The object of this ari ment, iuste ness, of a single wire of the same thick- to provide against the possibility of any break of continuity taking place in the metal. This strand will stretch twenty per cent of its own length, and is covered with threo layers of the purest gutta percha, separately ap- plied. In the subjoied engraving our readers have a correct representation of this cable and of its exact eize. The cable weighs somewhat less than a ton to the mile, and is one of the lightest and strongest of its thickness yet manufactured, THY SROOND GULF CABLE, A fow weeks after the allied army entered the Crimea @ siglo wire cable was lild across Uio Black Sea, a dis- tance of three hundred and seventy-four miles, be- tween Varna and klava, and it was through this that te English and French governments were apprised every day of the movements of the bellige- rent ferces on either gi:le. This is the longest submarine cable which has yet been laid, and the operation of sub- morging it have been regarded ten or twelve years ago as an utler impossibility, Surprising, however, as this and all the other enterprises which we have no- ticed may appar, they dwindie into insignificance with inw »’ New York, Newfoundland and London elegraph, y are now ‘eng: ‘This work will probably voconpied, ax we have already stated, within, two months, and will be performed by two American and two Fuglish war steamers. Tho Niagara will take one half the cable, or ove thousand two hundred ‘and tifty miles of it, on board at London, while one of the Rnglich steamers will receive the other halfat Birkenhead, near Viyerpool. ‘The four versela will then pro: SE ee 0 their way to their separate p of destination, paying out the cable as the: go, and J awed up the telegraphic communication with each other ax they progress by the transmission of des- ‘hes from ship to ship. Each of the vessels having the ine will be accompanied by one of the other two as an escort to assist in any Way that may be required. On the arrival of the Niagara Newfonndland with her end of the line, she will bave it conveyed on shore, and this ac- Poy wy will go back to Eng! before ‘her return "4 Mnited Rtates. The distance between Valentia Ray, the southwest of Ireland, and #t. John, Newfoundisod— the two points of counéction—is sixteen hundred and tify mi From the accompanying engravings {t will be seen that the transatlantic snbmarine cable is somewhat differently frasbolba:.or.plecee of tbe, ‘They will he ly x ised in the engravings, from the fact of their growing in a clusters. foraminifera is so called from Hs having large number of holes or little and is of different shapes and tizes. It may be gener toknow that the foraminifer is elassed by ani- male, but at the very lowest point of the soale of exist- ence. HIGHLY MAGNIFIED INVUSORIA TAKEN FROM THE TELRORAPH PLATEAU. ‘These engravings ropresent the infusoria magnified three hundre d times their natural size, infinitessi mal as to be th of a microscopic glass. and are 80 Notwit they are #0 per- fectfin form, #o delicate in construction, and so minute in size, tho bed of the platean is so quiet and undisturbed from the action of the ocean, that scarcely any of them, comparatively speaking, are injured or broken by abra sion or attrition. They will, indeed, form a sort of bed of down for the cable to rest upon, Incredible as this may appear, itis nevertheles true in every particular. THE TELEGRAPH PLA PLATEAU OF THE ATLANTIC, VALENTIA RAY, TRELAND, We have spoken of the euc- cess which has jthus far at- tended” this great enterprise, Dut there is ono’ remarkable fact connected with it which is deserving of particular atten: Uon.} When the "subject was first proposed it*was feared that the inequalities which were supposed to exiet in the bed of the ocean, between Ireland and Newfoundland, would present #0 {uvurmountable barrier to the successfal completion uf the (project; but it has been proved by Jieut. Maury that there are no such inequalities im thinfpart of the Adanuc, In tho feummer of 1853, and in the full of 1856, Lieut, Berry man was employed jn making deep sea soundings along the proposed route, ‘Thes@ sound- inga proved the existence of this plateau, which appears to have been placed there ex pecially for the purpose of holding asubmarine telegraph. From the subjoined engraving it will be seen that the greatort depth does not exceed two thousand and eighty fathoms. A cable laid across from Now- made,from aby previously manufactured — THER GREAT ATLANTIC CABLE. The core, or condnetor, Is composed like that of the gulf cable, of even Soper Wires wound together In the maine to make np 4 of the ooea abl the variations that may be caused by the winds and currenys. The protecting wires are made into strands, each composed of seven of the beet charcoal iron wires. ‘The aggregate length of the en tres required in the manufacture of one mile of the cable is one hundred and twenty-#ix miles, aud the whole enble will rayuiry three hun dred Le yenrsamul miles of (his wire The flexibility of this cable ix bo pre that te ae manageable ax tied around the ar fs welght is punds to the mile, and i strength such that it will water over elx miles of its own length if uspended Some doubts being entertained as to ite sink- | tna to the betoun, 1t. enough 10 know that i h m the bed. | # ans coma by Commander Berryman, engaged im rounding along the line of the telegraph platean been newerted, ton, Ut the etrands of slender ir ire by which it is protected, will suffer enrrosion or decomposi- tion in @ abort time after their eubmersion, bat in doing the material of which they consiet will enter into chemic union with the soft mud in whieh the cal and will thus form a concrete coous eubstance, aflurding the very best possible protec ton. As the Gime selected for the laying of the cable will be at that period when the days are longest, there will be comparatively litte night to cane interruption to the work The whole operation it i« calculated will not take more than eight days in ite completion. On approaching the land ateach end amnch thicker cable will be used, and of sufficient Strength to render it less lable to accident from the fouling of anchors or th- of current. As & proof of the durability of euch a cable we may here state that we saw & specinen of that which conne and which alter «submersion of fix as when first pot dewn. Accidents {rom the grounding of icebergs at the Newtoundiand terminus will be reudered. impossible by the laying and landing of the cable in har- Dor perfectly land locked, into which po icebergs ean enter and where the water varies in depth from two bundred to two hundred apd tiftyfathome. TOTAL LENGTH OF BUB-MARINE CABLES ALREADY LAID DOWN. ‘The following table gives the length of each of the eub ; marine cables which have beew laid to different parts of the world since the first attempt to etablish sub-aqueous — Detwerm Castle Garden and Governor's te Dover and Calais, rs wae ws perfect ' Min. «Zl to Calais , in Bow to Holyhead... Between Ireland and Seoflaud From Pngland to Holland. From Dover to Ortend... oevecvesee From Ralaklava to Varna, Hack Bea’. . Between Sardinia, on the main land, and Corska Retween.Corsice and 7 om of Rardinia Newfoundland! Acrows the Strait! of Noritininberiand’ betwaen ‘ia * Tormentine and Prinke bdward’s Island. . : ‘Total miles now laid. ve, BO NG When the Atlantic caib ctuil haye heen laid this total to fear will be increased to twenty-five bundred miles, INFUBORIA OF THE TELEGRAPH PLATEAU. ‘The epecimens to which we have alluded as having been Obtained from the bed of the ocean hy the soundings of Com- mander Berryman, and of which we present engravings aa they appeared through a bighly magnifying microscope, ja NE peculiar interest in themectves. Atong them of various kinds are abundant, and there are some good epecimens of dlatomaces in the collection The diatomacem is regarded by meet sotorgiiw as belonging So See eee See ase eee. The pint consete of He eell, is indestructible by tire, and from its varied and vd Consent markings ia highly prised by microscopiste, Some of the apecien form the best texts of the quality of » Tn some caane, when growing, they are with & gelatinous stalk, whicd supports eevere! . 0y foundland to Ireland would poss to the north of the Grand Banks, and rest on the plateau, and ‘st a depth where the waters of the sea, judging from the nature of the bowom whea Drought to the surface, are as quiet and as completely at rest as the bottom of a mill- pond, There seems to be no perceptible currents and no abrading agents at work on the surface of the plateau, Lent. Berryman brought up with the sounding apparatus speciuens: of the bottom, whieh, when ex amined with the microscope, were found to consist of shells ko minute a8 not to be percep. Uble w the eye, These lithe fhells at once suggested the fact that there areno currents at the b m of the eea from whieh they are taken; that the myet where they were found wan their burial place, and thas after baving lived and died om the eurfaco they had sunk gradually to the bottom, where hey had lain undisturbed by eurrents; for if the plateas wore ewept by currents they would, doubtless, have beee abraded and mingled with the \b we *S¥EO (AIIOS) OLLAVIY gRz go Tut other microscople remains which lic at the bottom of the coran, uch a8 fabd, gravel paw | and otber matter; but not « particle of sand oF gravel wus found ameng them. In the profile of the sound. ings taken along the plateas every apparent depth if exag- geraied ten fold, in order tw enable the eyo to the effect. The the plateau, the different depale being muatked by Sithowe, whxh are represented by the frures between the level of the Auantic Fed the bed of the plateav. The soundings, Lieut. rrytnan says fo bis report to ox Secretary Dobbin, ware made at intervals 'y, forty, sixty and one hundred miler, ded with complet ruc” frequently involy ing pours, Doth night and , Of Beat SURpARIE And hard work, hosing sometimes A 7 three thousand fathome \ sounding apparatus and | t_# bere Were ho Guffente near the bottom, to we An fenndings, avd 9 sisi at ee ro aoe showing plain! vched the | boesote “4 towintance of the 4ectniuing the important fact Uist a cable oF wire of the lightest kind would pegeh ¢he tes! of Ue vera, “NVRAWEM HO “LIV ‘OLLORY UINTIIs *S° SHE A@ CIGNIOS SV ‘EXVIGNIOI SSN ‘ENHOL “SE OXY ‘GNVITUL ‘AVE VILATTVS SEIAIIE OLINVILY SHL 20 ROLLOG SHE 40 H1I4034 fF. sen, é SeEWROUNDLANTL « —_ EFFECTS THE SUB Wain TRCBORAPE. The first fact that presenta {tself, in considering the ef. fects which must resultfrom the euoress of this enterprise, te the annihilation of both space and time between tho Old avd we New Worlds. One of the principal objections arged egainst ft practicability waa Oe difficulty in precuring a battery sufficiently #trong to transm!t a pulsa- on acrors the Atlantic through @ simple conductor. Tt was, however, SaMemctTily proved by Profeme Moree | nerest mites on the surface that A not onty could be done, trut that a strong electric cur- rent could transmit a dot or character a distance of NEWS FROM HAVANA. two thousand miles in two seconds. Other electricidms | Arrival of the Black Warrtor—Health of the said it coud not be done in jess than from four to 6x seconds, but the fact that it could be accomplished was fully established. ‘The statement of a few facts will ebow the wonderful effect which will be produced by the successful laying of this cable. The London Exchange Island—The Sugar Crop=#hort Yield and Exeltement in the Market—Rates of Ex- change—United States Ship Saratoga tu Port—Ralilroad Men for Honduras, The United States ane) sloamehip Black Warrior, J. W. closes at sree o'clock, and aa the difference in (ime betwen | Smith, commander, sulled from New Orleans at aM AM. thas city and New York is four hours and forty fine minutes, we will receive the report of the price of Cimsols at deven o'clock in the morning, én time for owr operators in Wall | port ut 24 A. M. yeate street. The movements in Vie London and New York money markets will therefore appear inthe evening editions of the New York Humain, and on (he same doy on which they may take place. The British Parliament snacines sits as late as one o'clock, and their wasions are occasionally pro Tonged till two in the morning, but the remult of their de Tiberations will reach wa about ten o'dock of the preced ing evening, tine enough to be published in the Varo Of the newt day, tinulancously with the report in the Lon don Pines. Then, agnin, our great mercantile firms can send their orders through it to different parts of Karopo and countermand them with the same rapidity should they: find it their interest to do so. Tis hardly pos!bky wo eal- and arrived at Havana at 1h; P.M. on 14th in tant; aailed from there at ix I ad arrived at this morning, making the entire run from New Orleans to New York in six days eighteen ours. From Havana we have to report the tsland healthy. Tiewvy rains have injured the sugar erop. Sugars havo advanced, owing to the anticipated short ness of the erop as compared with lat year, Stock @ Havana 160,000 boxes, against 290,000 at the same time lust year, Museoyados are quoted at from 10 to 33 rials per arobe, The market very much exeited. Money plentiful, exchange improving. Freights were very dull, ‘The United States ship Saratoga was in port. April 18, latitude 27:34 north, Jon, 74:24 west, spoke culate the effect of this stupendous undertakwg, and when { brig Favorita Klecring sonth, her decks were Kned with accomplished there eamnot be a doubt of its success in @ pecuniary point of view. When itis considered that it will be connected with the various land lines on both sides of the Atlantic, now eatending thirty-three thousand Ceremonial of Holy Wecdk—Dublic Prayers and Reo inthe in Europe and forty (wo thowand in the United ‘Slates, and that it will be the onky means of commu- nication between them, it would seem to be inadequate to the demands that will be made upon it, Such ts the opin- ton of some who hay» had long experience in wiegraphing, and who predict that before tive years elapse two sub- marine cables will be required instead of one. MORE SUBMARINE CABLES PROPOSED. An association was quite recently organised in England under the title of the European and American Telegraph Company, which proposes to establish a direct independent Jine of telegraph between Korope and America, It is thelr intention, if practicable, to lay down @ cable from the south of Fnglond, amd another from or near the port of Bordeaux, in the south of France, to Cape Finisterre, on. the coast of Spain. Thence the cable will extend to Oporto, or some more convenient apot on the Portu- guese coast, whence it will be laid to Flores, ona the Azores, and from that point it will proceed | 4. direct to Cape Cod, or if possible still nearer to Boston. We have not heard anything, however, of the discovery ofa plateau along this route; but the bed of the ocean near the Azores is known to be of a voleanie nature, and has, we believe, somo great and sudden declivities, which might materially interfere with the laying of « cable. “The following are the approximate distances between the several points proposed W be connected: — Nautical Miles. 450 1. Lizard to Cape Finletorre 2. Bordeaux to Cape Finisterre 5. Cape Finisterre to Cape Rooca 4. Gape Rocea to San Miguel...... 5. San Miguel to Flores... 6, Phores wy Cape Gad (United Date 20 cable from the Island of Sardinia to Algeria shall have been successfully laid, a land line will be ran to the Isthinus of Suez, from which point it will be extended in as direct & course as possible over the intervening portion of Asia to the most Southern extremity of te British Kast India possessions, From this point it will be carried across the Isdands of the Eastern Archipelago to Australia, a re anen. The captain reported her bound to Honduras, OU HAVANA CORRPSPONDENCE, HIAvANa, April M4, 1807, sings Spanish Navel Gunnery—A Ball Driven ino a British Cruiser—Horrid Murder and Outrage by Negros—Spain about to Aid Costa Rica Analysis of the Guano of Cuba... 1 rained on the afternoons of Thursday and Friday, and also on Saturday morning of last week, and we bad begun to fear the rainy season had thus carly commenced, and which, bad it been the case, would have terminated the crop two or three weeks earlier than most of oor pkanters: had anticipated. However, thanks to Provideree, the rain ceased on Saturday afternoon, and having been Diess- ed with fair weather singe then our fears have been re~ moved. Between the houra of 10 A. Moon Thursday and the same hour of Saturday laet week, the most Sabbath like stillness reigned in this city. Not a single store was open- ‘ed, nor was the sound of horses’ hoofs to be heard im our All the churches were opened and thronged doubt devout worshippers. At the Cathedral and a} other churches all the ceremonies of the crocitixion, , of the Saviour of mankind were represented with @ key painful faithfninese, AN the churches were, on the ‘Thursday evening, magnificently illuminated and decorate with a richness and elegance that done credit to the generosity and taste of the Catholics of this city, It is customary bere for every one to visit as many churches as is possible on the Thursday evening of Puction woek, the churebes being all Langit! lighted up and decorated for the occasion. Albeit last Thursday evening was a wet and comfortless cue, 1, yielding. to the general custom, then visited no lees than eightehurehes. They were all illuminated and decorated with exquisite taste, but the church of i 340 | Teresa being much more so, ik my poor judgrment any of the others I visited: I shall content myself wan ng a description of its interior that evening. ho upper end of the church there was erected @ rich wl wo pl of sk velvet, white within and crimson without, the graceful drapings of the lutter around the sides produ: cing @ 1nost pleasing effect. Prom its centre waa suspended @ magnilicent golden crown, Whilst the entire interior was Deautitully decorated with mre and choice Hower. The “aptependiym " wae 2 haseive plate of eolid silver exqui- bitely chaeed, and the entire church wat flooded with the ght of at least a thousasd wax candles held in’ beautifal crystal chamleliers, whose diamond shaped pense ss re- flected the light to such @ degree that after gazing at & few seconds the eye wha pained. 4m the furmeene ‘of God Friday the enstamaty eermon on the Descent from the Cros was proached by a Francis- bringing this—-one of the most distant British colonies—into | Gay Friar at the church of St. Juan de Dios, to a0 fmimense almost immediate comusunication with the seat of govern. | cougregation, during which the entire arama of the ment at Londen, The groalest extent of water which will pana hehy wel Retuerm Che tolanads dn this ocean will not miles. It mnay be twenty, Pap mig tet He AE, ‘bat, WAS aire ing poo fay pee progress which has. been made in seienco during the last half century, will say that the pro- | fhowne descended, ject is a visionary one, or that the great globe may not even- Seally be girdled by an electric belt along which thought will tly with the speed of the Ughuung, or, mderd, with te rapidity of Hhought steel? Police Fatar Amus—Jnatorsy Ti: Cavey. —Frederick Francis, & colored man, was taken into castodyfye terday ulternoun, ut the instance of Coroner Gamble, ona charge of haying committed a lata) assault upon John Peters, a German pod ‘er, ( appears, 80 far as we have deon able to ascertun, shat the above parties lived at No. 62 Centre «treet; that Yesterday morning: ~y 9 was assailed by the accused and. severely injured, decexsed Was 4 Very intem- perate Inan, and Wolsnicstod when tho Tow took place, it i Bot at Jo that death was eansed by congestion of the braid from intemperance rather than from the injuries received ot the bands of Franc. The accused, it is stated, became jealons of the conduct of Peters towards bis wife, aud in an altercation which eprung up in comequence the deceased received « fatal dlow at the hands of the prisoner. The Grower decited to postpone the inquest watil today. Meanwhile tae Prisoner remwins '@ Curody at Uh Tombs THR CASK OF THOMAS DENINY. a with being hia charge aT dety the instigator apd ringleader of the conspirators In all its paris Tymonoubee my calumanlaters to off T am pow fully prepared w « roarhing tral, whieh inti reanlt in my hoporable woqulu Indeed the theory of Spree eulion, on the Last trusl, wer = I, ts he of the fire wt beast in my sure, uninsured aud all eA ee and tht Hives of the other occupants of the viter improbability of wneb an act on my well au wt i part was ably demonsieaved in the charge of drat_upr tubshed iat, Ju at tay lal The pre: beea ined: tf in the city as the ip conspiracy to turds as the ring le vilest criminals. Again’ 1 repeat my avert of this charge and of dehance of any promt uy eustaln an act of mere 9 ye oa aging J of thie earn Toanination iu the eolutnite ot your Jon have beard of this elamierns ohare n Tw Seo T Personal Int We regret to have {0 sbnounce, says the Philedolphis Buliccin A the 18d inet, that there ic no longer any hope of the recovery of Thorkas Crawford, the American fealty: tor, A letter from Paris, dated March 29, says. — Mr, Crawford (: hopelessly beyand haman aid.’ Ttaleo states that the physicians have discontinued their visite, and all that can be éane now is to alleviate his eufferings ae mich ae peseible, nad await the fatal result. This Inteltygence will be received with grief throughout the country, and the low will be severely felt in every part of the world where genius is appreciated. Mr. Crawfurd is a native of New York, ad wa born in March, 1814. He dies, there: fore, still a yeune man, with his mission as an artist only half accomplished ; for though he has done enongh to immortalize his name, it is impowible to ae tauch more he might do if his life contd be Undoubtedly our erenuet sealytor: for thengh 7 have equalled him in the execution of single figures, there are nove that have appronched bita in the groups and monumental works which have oreupted, +4 of ne care He dies leaying many of these work Ave bat che models are generally odynpleted, 1 8. hr. hat aU wall be garried ont ateording oki dongs iy will be the enduring monn ways be honored by ay oC ebe where peme will ai- ol of Aterioan geniua General Goicuria, of Oa revotitibuary fama, Washington, A, Lieutenant Robert Staart, United, Sate Navy, hal he rigned, ARRIVALS. os sqyenition Hekate | ater mug, an Wrliaan Larson, P whet wind Salaaar, Prom Rew Orleans Warrior —Suanebory W Mise Mu he in Lowon, Miss MeL fami, 1 Metin Neuders, rnd s Mot ae. Hun Rebon € Vala Gemer and wife, y hammps, wife and ‘uid, Randoval, py no M Stroey, st " Rwunders, Mre Alvar Pe ™ wile, clner. Para oy Recaro 433 Mathows and pen nang Ws ‘Adams, Ww 8i ‘fai titan a aly att tay: PS AOA Pi Pecem theo Tl, Mia 8 a Hishsteo, a Beicz, 4 ‘A Hera, and =) Mi (BS Cae AD Carrleab rs From Sat % Duguing and rie gan, Mr nod Mra BR Me er, Estar: ¢ Geo Bivehair, lene Volk and ba i Prencb, aad 73 in ste Poe Rich a, fee Rennie, WA Wiliams ; mw vAtiaersen, @ We ‘Craw fort Avia Sea u AY “er Wil feu i, HW Ryerson, Henty WC Plagn,. Mise Curran, 4 ‘ Warren fai indy Teeter Pe ria 1 a Lame, (are Osten and lady; Mra wel) Cart ota: Perro Poll, Mien soa hse’ Raye a We, For (Partoatem 2 #iramer Naahville—W ALa .e8 Wo ie Ha firphen River od lady: Mise PM ate das J MeDoweil We Fore, A Hordep. 4 a, rir, Bence ine 3 dad wo chikdren, J banat OR fim WA Pov Mina 4 Peterson, A ‘Eien eae Marnier, HT camphen, and va Jiescens from the cross Was represented by taking down the fignre from the Cre ry placing it ‘a arich open shrine of silver, coveting with & white sik gaan shroud. iM was borne ip procession to the ‘cathedral, aid and Weve placed in the sanctuary, while the sacred “otBee" was chiunled by the cangne, at which moment & bewy: Bao cstomary Ph OGe so thie city was thus Ou Sunday morning last there was @ magniticems proces rion representing the repurrection, As & inode of testifying their joy at the “glorions remur- rection” "tho Sponiars diecharge guns, &e. Vrom a fn this harbor wnat deadet with toorning, tome of which balls ith cruiser Mariner, pow here, he crew engaged at their duty ow the deck. ih Captain of the Mariner immediately cent aa officer (0 the Spanish Adruital complaining of bis ship Deing made a target of. The firing was instantly discon. Unned and an inquiry iatituted dreadful murder took place last week in the Plage ded Vapor, a market place ontede the walls, A French razor griuder employed « negro to turn his wheel. The be wming lis duly properly, the Ireschmaae negro returned the blow, and the ok ty punioh the negro more ae ae ote Seen oe ‘at hand, rushed upon the Freuchman, aud literally ripped bim ap, od man fell, the negro threw himself A eut it wimost in pieces. Me waa onty with ditteulty tuo negro was removed from the corps oF Lis vietan Nalomino was wencwinated near Ue Dios let Wednesday evening. The aped. ‘The varivas tribes of negroes had eeveral free fights, Ath ager and poniards during the ho day. | Ae he w ¢ walked, 1 nay’, te papel ridigel-—whioh be freely Qranetatent tes, wWrnde edunce be ~ aD i Mates ehip Sarat Captain Titon, pon A tSunlay, On morbing she fred the ate, which were duly retu ring with @ tailitary ofieer ‘yeaterday he rtated troupe Ccperted from Spain would pot be sent to , Wut ey Cowts Rea to wid the allies; that it liad be- there—the Anglo Sexon he nat Spain was bound to help de halvele made iu New Orleane of « wn fond on the keys off the south Vhorpborie weld... Carbonic acid matter — Havana, April M4, 2867. Orwase of the Crrital States Slop of- Wor Sarctoga—Sele of O« Heri Nevumhe —A Bailroad Accident—Sugar Stook, The United States slop Saratoga, Tilton, rommander, ar rived he the 12th inet, from San Jaan, Aspiewall, and Grend Caymmntall well—to goto Key West on the 16ub, kod thenee north, orders and waather permitting The bark Nacoothes wae sold this morning, om the wharf, a che lies upon the rocks twelve miles east of Ha- vana, for about #650, ‘The weather has been bad, whieb fered the sabe af the aig had hee sald wo daye tee che woukt have Wronght 82,000 oF $3,000, Prices of eugar as but advived We have news of @ raiirond accklent at Guines, which ie Of rare eceurrenen. Weather guod Walang arrivals of tbe mo war expedition for Meytea, An Aaetes Teeet 0} Ram Albert Pullebury, Feq., United States Consal at in a letter dated April 4, statew that the L bly of {hat provinee reeeutly paged the fi WY TT YNACTRD BY HK CUVERYOR, COUNCIL AS FOLLOWS = fagh as ened Cr eeen aae © )') Re Rinended by chapter two of the also av amende:| by chapter nine arended two shillings opr 5% h ee er » muc lot 12 Ptatutes as ituposes a duty of rik attr otter per eat and a quarter ad valorum om goods, wane and Me oot fourteen shillings parewt on refioed #1 two ehillings and cigpence per gallon on sherry wines, of which the fret cost is £20 per pipe and Upwards is repealed This art seceived the mseut of the Léwtanant Governay On the Bkst of March lat. or tee nvereeen he ceim » growing out of ndian ware having Yule an appropriation to < P| le ia Wachington the Governor Will also toa alwer the interest of the State as Connected ult the “swamp Land” grant, and perhaps will be able to the demagi apon the federal trensury fur Fed! for lanes gold riace the pacsago Of the ect of 1830, great object rh # visit, however, is to money upon the eeven per cent Sate ‘ the late act of the General Asser, which he oxpoam 60 h either ia Charieeton or Now York pow tertan not starors Die to the finatial intorcets of creda of tha Bate —Tuiwhaewe Journal, Apri si, Thee akan of