The New York Herald Newspaper, January 23, 1857, Page 4

‘ “NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES CORDON BRNNETT, EONTOR AND PROPRIETOR, ‘BP CE S. W. CORNER OF RaesaU AND POLTOR 9°35 PERNME, <9 in ectoanee. Daly HERALD, 2 conte per comm, $1 per anven. FRE WREKLT HEKALD. accng Baterday, nt 6% om per wepy. oF BS per Qnwen, ce European 5 ~~ meld part of Great Briain, of 8% any part af Oe Continent, fo twermide pore. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, BROADWAY THRATRE, Broséwey--Macrers—Minnieo ‘Bane y8 GAKDER, Broe¢way—Mncuen Ormas—Tus ‘Mourray Syire. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery-Cwanry’s Love—Poo ROR PAS— HLURB JACKETS. NEW YORK SERALD, FRIDAY, JANUARY 23, 1857. _ $d Western rea whet was sok at about $1 682. Corn, chief of the socialist party—a man of remarka- | run the risk of being confounded with the for future Velivery from the docks, (on the Brooklyn side), way, held at about 722. 73:.,an@ 740. from store, "’ thout epy sales having transpired. The ice bercicy.de at the Atlantic docks not only t-ommels the storers of grain, but the holders of other gowds in store there also, When the harbor is free of ‘ive it only costs 341 jc. per bhd. to deliver sugar by Naghters, from the docks. It is new being carted Yrom them and across the ferries at $2 50 per bhd., and cartage for other goods is about in the same ratio. It is manifest thas these docks, for the winter trade, ozcupy au unfortunate pomtion, and occasion a great lose to merchants. Vast quantities of corm are locked up in them which could be largely sold at full prices cou'd it be delivered, but woich is almost 48 inaccessible as though it were stored in Aloany. The holders should, during the embargo, refase pay- BURTON'S NEW /AEATRE, Brondway, opposite Bond st. ment for storage unless the Dock Company use Besous fair -) copLEs. SALLACK'R THEATRE, Broadway —Camuie—Caeany BOUNCE BAUKA EKENE'S THEATERS, 624 Breadway-—fne Sroors ye ConctEn—Foune Baccsus. AGADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth e.—Inav1an Ormrs— Is Trovarone. BARNTMS AXKERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway—After- > Rowaxor Unpga Durr.curtime—Pihasast NEIGEBOR, SreningOnruan oF Guneva-Taluon oF Tanwoura, @BO. CHRISTY AND WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broad- way-Erstoriaw Puxronwavces—New Yess Calas. BUCKLEY'S SERERADERS, 665 Broadway—Ermori.* Mawes risy--Don-E Juay. HOPE CHAPEL, Brosdwey—Deamanio axp Pernc Assrires ny J. B. Brown anv Pertss. Mew York, Friday, January 23, 1857. The News. Neither of the steamers due et this port from Europe, nor the James Adger, from Nicaragua, nor the Black Warrior, from Havana, had been tele- graphed op to a late honr last night. Up to 12 o'clock last night neither the Eastern, Western nor Sonthern mails, due respestively at eix acd ten o'clock, bad reached this city. Corcress did well yesterday. The bill granting aid to the Atlantic submarine telegraph passed the Senate by a vote of twenty-nine to eighteen. The large negative vote will perhaps surprise some sensi- ble people who are not fully aware of the idiosyn- exasies that afflict siany of the Solons of the upper house. The dill has veen amended since it left tae hands of the committee, bus the terms of the con- ‘Wact authorized to be made with the telegraph com- pany are substantially the same as those agreed upon by the British government. Tue bill will un- @oubted!y pass the Hovse without unnecessary de- lay. In the Honse the bill compelling the attend- ence and testimony of witnesses before committees of Congress wos further discussed and finally passed ty avote of 103 to 12. Itwas then sent to the Senate, wheie it was referred, and immediately ; and it would have passed but for the interposition of Mr. Wilson, who ebjected. The matter wili come up to-day. Tre House refused to reconsider the resolu- Aicn ordering Mr. Simocton, the contuma:ious wit- wése, in‘o custody, and that gentleman, therefore, continues to be subjected to the horrors inspired by a respectable voarding house, and the unrestricted Visits of his friends. The fact that government foots ‘the bill wid doutiess somewhat mitigate bis suffer- ‘mgs. Mr. Simonton has eyployed able counsel, and to-day his case will come before the Cifait Court op a w)i! of habeas corpus, totest the rights of a ei'izen and the press, under the action of the Houser as affecting the personal liberty of which he his wecn deprived. We refer to our telegraphic despatches for yeeterday’s proceedings of the Legislature. The effice seekers are full of hope and expe>tancy awaiting the action of the Senate on the nomina tions now before that body. The Senate has passed ‘the bill allowing the corporation of New York to borrow half a million dollars for a new reservoir. ‘The General Tax Extension bil passed to a third yeading in the Assembly. We publish today copious details of the news received by the America relative to the bombard- went of Canton by the British and Americans, to. gether with other matters concerning our country: men and the progress of events in the Central Piewery Kingdom. By way of Charleston we have news from Jack- sonv ile, Florida, to the 16th inst. Gen Harney bad withdrawn his flags of ruce, and recommenced @ffensive operations against the savage Billy Bowlexs and his braves will now be summarily dealt with. There was nothing done in the Boord of Super. Viecrs last evening, except the adoption of a report wm favor of paying Saml. BE. Holmes $2,500 for sar- veyipg and making maps of the Nineteenth ward. ‘The Mayor made an announcement of the Commit- tere for the year, but in consequence of Supervisor Jackson declining to seive ou the Committee on An nual Taxee, the Mayor withdrew the list aad intorm- ed the Board that he wou'd revise the Com uittees, avd ennownce them at 2 future meeting. The Board then adjourned to Thursday next, at 4 o'clock. ‘The Board of Aldermen met yesterday. The tax levy for 1857, which Las already passed the Board of Connciimen, was made the special order for Monday wext. A resolution was adopted directing the Har- Jem Railroad Company to place a flagman at the corner of Broome street and the Bowery, to protect pedest: ians from eevident. A select committee was appointed to consider the expediency of openiag an avenue on the westerly side of Broadway, from Fourteenth rtreet, near Union square, to Battery place. The proposed avenue is to be one hundred feet wide, and will pass through Greene and Church streetsand Trinity place. The committee were di- rected to report without delay. A report, non-con- curring with the Councilmen in extending the time for the payment of assessments on the Ceatral Park property was adopted. The parties aggrieved are recommended to apply to the Legislatare for relief. A mav named Francia Quinn was arrested on Wednesday night, charged with wilfully setting fire to the apartments of Robert Sling, in the tenement house No. 242 Mott street. The Fire Marshal's in- vestigation is now pending before Justice Wood Ap account of the affair will be found elsewhere, By way of England we have news from South America dated at Babia on the 25th of November. The edvices from Rio Janeiro and Pernarabuco are not so late as those already published in our pape From Bahia we learn that the arsivals of sugar had been it significant, and there were no lists of impor tance “n the market. The favorable accounts re ceived from Europe had caused a brisk demand at higher prices, sales having been effected at 2,000 reis per arroba for browns, and 3,500 reis for whites. Saperior qualities for the southern markets were likewise mach inquired after at considerably higher Prices. In coflee aud cocoa supplies had come in very sparingly, and quotations remained unaltered. Stocks of cotton were nearly exhausted, and the price was firm. In hides dealers could but with difficulty complete their contracts for delivery made some time ago; prices remained firm. Rum was without alteration. Exchange—London, at 60 days’ sight, 274 to 27§. A vessel had been chartered for Liverpool at 326. 6d. per ton freight. There was nothing new in politics. Our correspondent at Nassau, N. P., writing on the 20th ult., states that the Christmas festivities were very gloomy, owing to mercantile failures and public defsications. He also gives a lively sketch of the appearance of the island group, the local go government, legislative hody, and people. The cotton market war excited yesterday and quite active. The sales embraced about 7,000 bales, besed upon middling uplands at 1c, and Or Jeans do., at 13)c. The supplies of the latter grade were scarce, and holders very firm. Flour continued firm, with moderate sales at full prices. The embargo imposed upon the Atlantic docks by greater exertions than they have done, or manifest @ disposition to keep the communication open by ihe employment of proper ice boats and other appa- ratus. Such jocks should have been built at some more accessivie point, on the New York side of the river. Provisions were firm yeste:day and in fair aouy ty. Sugars were firm, and holders manifested more confidence on account of toe news tron Ma nila, which represents that the crop had eastained great injury by a storm which had prevailed there. There were only known to be about 300 tons on the way from Manila, when it was supposed the amount was much larger. The sales comprised about 150 bhds., in small lots, and 500 boxes, made the evening before, on terms stated elsewhere. Coffee was quiet, but steady; freights were steady, with moderate engagements. Grain freights were suspended by the difficulty from the ive of making deliveries on board ship. Cotton, to Liverpool, was firmer, aud engagements were made at 5-16d.a jd., closing fim, with a tendency to higher rates. athe Congressional Lobby Committee and the New York MMimes—“a Moral Convic- on.” The investigations of the lobby committee at Washington are beginning to be very interesting, The switt accusers of the New York Times have proved very unwilling witnesses when brought to a crossexamination; and, persisting in their plea of confidence, one of the firm, Mr. Simonton, has been placed under the custody of the Ser- geant-at-Arms of the House. We apprebend, however, that he has already confessed enough to criminate himself as a lobby broker, go-be- tween, or stool pigeon, noiwithstanding hig self- complacent notions of security under this shabby excuse of confidence. The case is simply this:— The committee of investigation, in making their complaint to the House on Wednesday, report- ed— That during the progress of the'r tnveetigation they had summor ed a5 & Witness Jame? WV. Simonton, correspon fe tb othe folidwing that certa 1 Bavo di sire to know if tbey could ict throvgh you, pros: money ‘or their votes upon certain bilis—wili you who ibese mm mbera were?”’ and that ibe seid 3 moais0 mace thei eto the followirg respouse:—"'I cannot without violation of confidence, hau which I woald rather anffor snytbicg.”’ Ip responte to otber questions of etmiler im- port, he eaid:— “Two members have mate them direct, end oibers bave indicated a desire to talk with ms npon (beso subjecty, wad} have warde: it off at giviag tem an ess io mak explicit proposiiios.’’ Tu the qnestion, - W ie. Bi monton rep sed:—"'] mean that after hariug obialaed my pr regerd to thom, they have said to ure® penoing Defore Congress o1g0' rested ip them hsd the means to that pari pay; thet hey indr ally needed moucy, ant thi Mi they centred me ty specifica ly arrange matiers ju suc! way ‘hat {( the measures passed they should receive pecualary compenration '' ‘This is what these men have said to Simonton: and yet he would ‘rather suffer anything” than betray them. It is remarkable, however, that Master Raymond, anotber member of the Times firm, cannot exactly endorse the honor, honesty or morality of this confidence game of his copartner; for an editorial of yester- day's Times declares that “we do not ad- mit the right of any person to make us his con- fidant in a diehonorable and criminal enterprise; hor can we recognize any obligation resting upon ap boporable man to receive a proposition of this kiud as confidential.” Pretty good moral phi- losopby, that: and yet the witness Simonton is let up by his copartver upon the presumption that “he has other and more satisfactory grounds” than this plea of “confidence” for is refusal to apewer the questions of the Committee. We adopt this presumption of the Times editor against the Zines correspoudent. We susp ct that thie plea of “contidenee” is but a dodye, and that the true reason for thie refusal to testify on the part of the witness is. that he does pot with directly to criminate himself ae a lobuy member. Adopting his own nice distinctiva, however, of a “ moral convietion,’”’ we leave it to y teader if the testimony which Simonton bas thought proper to give does not involve the “ mo- ral conviction” that he has up to this time been & cousiderable dabbler in tae corruptions of the lobby. He says that after obtaining his promise of secresy, two members of Congress said to bim that “certain measures pending before Congress ough! to pay; that parties interested in them hid the means to pay; that these two members “ u2- doubtedly needed mouey,”’ ond that they de sired this witness Simonton « to specifically airange matters in such a way that if the measures passed they should receive a pecu- niary compensation.” Witness further states that “other members have indicaied a desire to talk with me upon these subjects, and I have warded ii off, not giving them an oppor- iunity to make an explicit proposition.’ Now what is the natural, nay, the inevitabie inference from all this? It is the “ moral con. viction”’ that this witoess, Simonton, has had at least a pretty extensive notoriety among mem bere of Congrese as a lobby broker, or stonl- pigeon, between the lobby financiers and those members of the House looking out, upon bills that ought to pay,” for “a pecuniary compen- sation.” A man who stands perfectly innocent of fingering the movey, checks, stocks, lands or scrip of the lobby, could hardly be in such d « mand among members of Congress desirous of a share of this lobby plunder, as Mr. Simonton rep- resents himself to be. Why should members of Congress “individually needing money,’ come to him in twos and threes, “ to arrange matters specificaily”’ for share of the rich pickings of the lobby, except with the direst knowledge or the “moral conviction” that he was the broker for their business? Thiee golden balls hang up over a door could hardly be etronger “ moral” evidence of an usurious Israelite inside, than these calls upon Simonton of members “ needing money,” are of a broker of the lobby. He must have had his lobby sign of the three golden balls out somewhere. “Like master, like man.” If Mr. Simonton in his sudden indignation against the corruptions of the lobby has only betrayed himself as a lobby stool-pigeon, why thould his copartner, Mr. Ray- | mond, turn preacher upon the limits of “conti dence?’ Whatis he but a political stockjobber, at Albany and at Washington’—and what is this pa- per— the 7imer—but the organ of Wall street ope- rators in etocke, Post Office sites, financial corner- ing and country svinplasters? Has not Mr. Wesley whe we checked wales of grain, A ivt of prime | of Wail sucet—the principal owner of the Jimea— made a good thing of it, in using his mewspaper and gulling the public, in the “confidence” game in favor of thie or ageinst that particular stock, from time to time? Can Mr. Raymond plead “not guilty” in reference to these transactions ? and were or were not Wesley, Raymond and Simonton, of the Times, among the most out-and- out lobby operators in New York and at Wash- ington, among various individuals “needing mo- ney, in that Brick Church speculation ?” We don’t know, but we have many rea- sons to fear that the Times is nothing else than the organ of Wall street financiere, lame ducks and kite flyers, Albany and Washington spoils men, and country banks; but we hope that its country bank arrangements will not end like the fomous shinplaster Plainfield, Jacksonville and Elkten operations of the illustrious New York pioneer of newspaper stockjobbera. When the New York Heratp-entered into thie campaign against the corruptions of the lobby at Washington, we stood like Col. Benton with his expunging resolutions, “ solitary amd alone.” As we prosecuted the war, an ally joined us here and there, till at length the fussy little fellows of the Zimes have burnt their fingers with the dis- closures of their “moral convictions” and the re- servation ct their agreements of “confidence.” They appear both to know more than they have told and to have told more than they know. At all events, taking all the late tinancial develope- ments and confessions of the Zimes concern in the Jump, the result is a ‘moral conviction” that nei- ther the paper por the copartners, as editors or as correspondents, are entitled to the public “con- fidence.” Let the Committee proceed. TuratricaL ApveERTIsING.-—The recent reform attempted by Mr. Strakosch in the management of the Opera, by advertising for cash down, in the three or four papers having the largest cir- culation, and omitting the small fry, without any circulation worth mentioning, has been found to work very well. The geason at the Academy commenced brilliantly on Monday night. Parodi made a great furore—everybody knew all about it, and everybody is prepared to go to-night and hear her in the “ Trovatore.” So that the grand result aimed at by Mr. Strakosch is obtained. His success in this experiment is only what we foresaw and predicted. ‘There are in this city three classes of newspa- pers, distinct from the three or four largely circu- lated and universally read dailies. There are the Wall street papers, the evening and the Sunday papers, The Wall street papers are chiefly shi, § ping lists, and their highest flight is a lament when covsols fall one-eighth per cent, or when the schooner Polly Ann drags her anchor and goes ashore on Coney Island. They occasionally publish a few copartnership notices and a state- ment of the affairs of some insurance company, which exhibit is of profound interest to the stockholders only. The evening papers may have a puff for some hotel or barber's shop, a no- tice of Miss Snob’s matinée musicale, or an article advising the immediate annihilation of all the Jesuits in the United States. The Sunday papers are récheuffés of the dailies, with a little slang and obscene personality to make them popular in the grog shops. None of these journals, how- ever, have any news, or impartial criticisms upon public events, The public looks to two or three of the largely circulated morning papers to ascertain what is going on in the world. Thus tbe newly admitted partaer in an importing house may scan the Wall street paper to see that his name is properly spelled in the advertise- ment which informs the thousand subscri- bers of the journal that he, jointly with his copartners, is prepared to sell cod- fish and train oil at the lowest market rates; the insurance stockholder may desire to know how much his July Cividend will amount to, and so subscribes for a down town paper; the pro- prietor of the Spread Eagle House may like to see nice things printed about him, even if they are confined to an evening paper of five headred cireulation; Mise Soob will give in her sabserip- tion because her cedence is stated to be the fiaest in the world; persons who have a shadowy idea that Jesuits are the cobra cupellos of the Western world may expend two cents occasionally to read an ungrammatical attack upon the terrible fel- Jows who are undermining the foundations of the Union, blasting the peace of families, and various other things; afew topers may go to tleep over their grog and the Sunday papers; but all these people take regularly one or two of the inde- pendent dailies having the largest circulation. ‘The others stagger on, eking out a miserable ex. istence. Once in a while they flicker out, but no- body knows or cares anything about it. The three or four great morning papers, then, wield the influence of the press in New York. Everybody reads them, or as many of them as he can afford. They penetrate into every class 0. the reading community; they are universal, while the others appeal only to factions or cliques. Th new manager of the Opera has had the sense to know this. Te bas bad all the advantage of thy fullest publicity, and saved at least two-thirds o: ihe expense incurred by his predeceesors. His example will not only open the eyes of the other managers, but it will teach the whole busines: community a useful lesson. All who advertise will say, let us invest our money where we shall be sure of a good return. They will follow the example of some of the proprietors of th: literary journals, who have run up their circula- tions to unprecedented figures by advertising lavisbly in the leading journals, and ignoring the «mall fry altogether. There are secrets in ad- vertising 9s well as in everything else, and the man who first finds out these mysteries wains in- formation which is more valuable than the gold of California. Liberal advertising confined to the journals of acknowledged circulation is the true philoropher’s stone, as many of our mer chante can testify. Mrs. McManen axp tHe Press.--The city press, wilh one or two exceptions, assailed the lady who recently made her débuw! at the Acade- my with unprecedented severity. Such a howl- ing has never been heard since the time when the bears dined off the forty and two wicked youths that mocked the Prophet Elijah. The Buffaloes couldn't compare with it. The reviewers have evidently been astonished by their own rashnesa, and somewhat frightened withal. The lady con- tinues her performances, earnestly struggling to become “America’s brightest daughter; bat the newspapers say nothing more about her. Per- haps they have exhausted their supply of invec tive, or perhaps they begin to be afraid that they may be brought up to the ringbolt and compell- ed to pay six or ten thousand dollars damages each for killing off an incipient tragédienne. She is not quite killed yet, as it appears, and bears up with astonishing heroism under the circum: stances. No one doubte that che hae energy and pereeverance, and they will overcome great ob- ttaeles, in the meantime we trust that the pre- tent opportunity to test the capacity of the law of libel will not be thrown away. It is a eplen- @id chance—altogether too good to be missed, ‘and we presume that Mre. McMabon’s legal ad- viser will immediately commence actions against the half dozen or more papers that have maligned his fair client. The case is already made to his hands; the plaintiff is a lady, the defendants are journalists; juries are proverbially tender to pet- ticoats and tough to newspapers, and we have no doubt that Mrs. McMahon might recover from each of her assailants ewinging damages, say at Jeast twice as mueh as we were ever condemned to pay Fry. Her case is certainly a great deal stronger than that of the ez-empressario. The Naval Operations Against China—Thcir Prebable Results. We publish to-day, from the America’s mile, fall details of the important operations now being carried on against the Chinese by the British and United States squadrons, Although there is a acoincidence in point of time in these move- ments, there are no grounds for supposing that they are the result of any premeditated plan of combination. Their simultaneity is accidental, and is attributable simply to the fact that the hatred of the Chinese to foreigners had reached the climax of insolence and necessitated decisive measures on the part of the nations holding inter- course with them, The anticipations based on these demonstra tions on the part of the European and American governments are, we think, somewhat exagge- rated. There is n0 doubt that they will have the effect of improving the relations of the Western nations with this prejudiced and obstinate peo- ple, and possibly of ameliorating ina degree their own internal condition. But that they will carry out either of their objects to any great ex- tent, or that they will revelationize China within any proximate period, we do not regard as events to becalculated upon. An anecdote which has lately come toour knowledge in connection with these movements will best illustrate the probabilities of the present position of affairs, Immediately previous to the breaking out of the first British war against China Lord Palmerston, who wac then at the head of the Department of Fores. Affairs in England, sent for a gentleman con- nected with the Chinese trade and who happens to be now in this city. He told him that his go- vernment had got into difficulties with the Chinese, and asked what course he would recommend to pursue to bring about a prompt settlement of them. The advice of this gentleman was that, in addition to an effective blockade of the principal trading ports, the British should attack and take possession of Nankin, the old capital of China. The capture of this place, which was associated with £0 much of the religious and traditional reverence of the Chinese, would, he thought, have more effect in bringing them to terms than any other mili‘ary or naval operation that might be attempted. Lord Palmerston communicated this recommendation to the Duke of Welling- ton, who at once opposed a decided negative to it. The occupation of a large and populous city by o small army was, in the Duke’s opinion, a dangerous experiment, and he farthermore re- garded any attempt to carry hostilities into the interior of such an empire as wild and impracti- cable. Nothing has since occurred to alter the cha- racter of these views. The concurrence of several Powers in enforcing civil treatment at the hands of the Chinese does not render military operatioas against their interior cities more feasible now than it was at the period to which we allude. All that they can do is to blockade the Chinese ports and lay embargoes on Chinese commerce. This will not, however, revolutionize the empire or lead to any decisive change in their feelings towards foreigners. The unity of character aud feeling which is erroneously ascribed to the Chi- nese by European writers, exists only oa 012 point, and that is in their contempt of other n \- tions. The present hostile operations will, thers- fore, ouly have the effect of suspending for tre moment the divisions that exist between them on other subjects, and of combining all classes against their invaders. In such a state of things, then, the friends of human progress are not justified in expecting much from the events now transpiring in China. The truth is that all movements for the improve- ment of the moral and political condition of its people, to be effective, must come from thom- telves. And notwithstanding the repugnance to change commonly attributed to them, there are grounds for the belief that they ore gradually approaching a hopefel crisis in their condition— @ crisis brought about by natural causes, and not to be altered or precipitated by auy influences that other nations can bripg to bear against them. The real character and condition of the Chinese are but little understood amongst us. They are not quite so stationary aud immutable & people as we suppose them to be. In political and religious revolutions they have been just as prolific as even the most fickle of the European nations. From the year 420 down to the year 1644 they passed through no less than fifooa changes of dynasty—all accompanied by blondy civil wars, and in nearly every instance by th: total cxtermination of the dethroned familie Nor have their religious divisions been marked by less tragic results or shown less inconstancy, During the lifetime of Confucius, China was divided by two principal religious sects and five or six systems of philosophy, all teaching opporing doctrines. Since then Bhudd- ism bas been introduced, and has become the pre- vailing creed of the people, whilst the educate? clasees still profess to adhere to the principles of Confucius. Although most of these sectarian changes have received their baptism of blood, the religious condition of the Chinese at the pre- sent moment may be best described as that of total indifference. They are therefore in the state best fitted for the introduction of those great truths which have reformed and humanized the nations of the West. And thus it is also with their political status, Like the populations of Europe they hava passed through almost every variety of political expori- ment, eave that great and final one which can alone conduct a people to happiness, Slaves of the priesthood at first, then of the fendal system, they have again passed from the dominion of the sword to that of the pen, and are now groaning under the worst of all despotiams--that of choliasts and pedents Like the French, they have bad their political innovators and reformers, who, whilst setting themselves up as the defenders of popular rights, have only contributed, by their ill jadged efforts, to render stil] more severe the sufferings of the masses. In the eleventh century the Chinese, under the dy- nasty of Song, were as much divided by ques. tione of political and social economy, and flung themselves ss ardently into the discussion of systems involving vast social changes, as the red republicans of late years, Wang-nguan-che, the ble abilitice, but of impracticable views—suc- | leeches who fatten upon the national spoils, It ceeded in throwing the empire into confusion by | would be far better for us'to be stuggering under his theories during several successive reigns, and , the burdens of some of the European monarchies the result of hisefforts at reform was only to tban to be holding out this perpetual premium ta render still worse the condition of those whom venality in our public men, Tf, therefore, weseek he desired to benefit. It is curious how in difte- | to give expansion to our industrial and cOmmer- rent states of eociety, at two different epochs of | cial interests—if we are desirous of maintaining the world’s history, and amongst nations so en- | a name for political integrity and independen lence tirely distinct in their characteristics as the French | we will do away with this erying -evil by intro- and Chinese, the same causes should have worked ducing into our tariff such modifications as com- out such identical results. Politically speaking, | mon sense and our obvious interests demand. at the present moment the condition of the one paisa eh: mnt peopleis but little better than that of the other, | 7° Matlroed and Hinanctal Condition of the The reason is that the political experiments of both have all been carried out on wrong princi- ents lonalta natant claomeean : ples, and that the Encyclopcedists were guilty of probably, as neither this = ‘any other aes ead Mlunders as were the early Chinese re- = occupied before. The general expausion of S P @ country may be set down in round figures at Fr bptee Se a ae two thousand tive undred milion, of which one- amongst the Chinese originate with themselves, punt, ag sg ng ed Pirie: ae “a ing but that they have arrived at a phase of their twelfths to banks, insurance companies, Idan and condition which must bring about some extensive trust ti a ~ and proximate disturbance in their present politi- | An) of ne pe eee companies and the like, cal system. The movement headed by ‘Thac- oe i HN SR sigthe 2 atmend ping-Wang to which a religious character was | imagine, not awe wring: far lows than the public sought to be imparted, is in fact only an up- | grand fictitious capital ig ala aipeeas we heaving of the discontented masees against the | pay, good year Pie ea oer we despotism under which they are groaning, and annually in the shape of bebe noe which is not the less oppressive because it is the foreign holders, The bal two th d tyranny of @ pedant aristocracy. It is to grea‘ | mitions—is held at home; chiefly by theald of internal convulsions like these, and not to the op- | the banks ond_Thegh wrhBoonay erations of a few ships of war, that we must look by far the greater portion of the paper securities for the prospects of an extended intercourse with | —tajlrond bonds and stocks—are permaiently China and the opening up of her internal com- pledged. Thus, in one way.or other, ether as merce to the reat of the world. Four hundred actual holders, or as holders for advances, ll the millions of people animated by a common senti- | members of the financial community are jpintly ment of contempt for Western manners and civi- | ang severally bound together for cach othe, and lization are not to be terrified by means so inade- | for the several classes of sccurities which repre- quate into the abandonment of measures which sent money and trade. they deem necessary to their security. Curiosity to investigate the actual condition of £0 largely indebted and singularly entangld a The Proposed MeatHeations in the Taxt#— | community may well be felt. But ft cannot be Amongst the various amendments now before | Well gratified. The reports of the Secretary of the House of Representatives on the new tariff | ‘be Treasury do indeed show that the country is bill, there is one by Mr. Mace, of Indiana, which | ‘2 ® Precarious position, and that without sme proposes that all importations, except coin and | Conservative measure, such as a suepension of the ballion, shall pay a duty of fifteen per cent ad | “mall note system, disaster must be expected. valorem. The arguments in favor of this measure And the reports on the finances of ‘fuch Stales ae far outweigh all considerations that may be | '¥e mingled inthe general money manufacture urged against it, In the first place, its simplicity | Confirm the same view; urge the necessity of eau- is in itself a powerful recommmemiation ina coun- | 0m, and confess, in the frankest manner, that try in which economy of time is one of the main | ‘¢ enterprises in which they have engaged—rail- elements of commercial success; and in the next, | 'Sd®, canals, and other works—bave uniformly We are satisfied that it would be attended with a | {#llen short of the expectation. But when we at- considerable economy of expenditure in the col- | te™Pt to go to the core of the system, and to try lection of the duties themselves. If we add to | 10 find out what is really doing in that great these advantages the certainty which it would | *#ilroad world which creates one-half our aggre- impart to commercial speculations, and the saving | 8% indebtedness, we are stopped at the vey of trouble and annoyance which it would occa- | *hreshold by statements, fizures and reports which sion to the mercantile community in general, it | 2° #0 living can understand. We repeat, there will, we think, be difficult to convince unpre- | 4¢8 ot live the man who can translate into judiced minds that an experiment ought not to | Plain English the reports of the great railways of be made of a principle which promises such | the United States. They are incomprebensble. es Terenas weveraes, Tale We might cite numerous illustrations in | ®7¢ Deyond the _ uman mi it evidence rn the necessity of establishing the | ‘mpts to decipher them only complicate the revenue of the country on some fixed | ™Y*ery and complete the bewilderment of the basis, which would enable the Treasm reader. And all this we understand the more to deal with ascertained results, and to effectsach | Fead'ly when we are warned that they are not reductions on taxation as our present prosperous | intended to be understood. condition calls for. It will be sufficient for our | To the State Engineer of New York we are purpose to take the item of bounties granted to indebted for the first official light that has been vessels engaged in the cod fisheries—a system thrown on our railroad system. We have a pe- which it would be difficult to justify on any culiar satisfaction in remembering that the arga- grounds of necessity or expediency. These boun- ments which that functionary brings to bea: with ties have been bestowed during a period of about | uch force have been every one reiterated at va- sixty years, and amount to about $300,000 per rious times in the columns of the Herato; now, annum, divided amongst the 1,288 vessels em- | Perhaps, that they appear in an official shape, ployed in this business. Supposing these fignres with the seal of a public office on them, acd with to have undergone no substantial variation dug. | *!! the authority which the high character and ing that time, the country has paid for prove fll “rntation of the State Engineer can bestow, the to the fishing trade a sum amonnting to ab evant them some attention and will $18,000,000. Now, the question is whether if ft sclf against swindlers. trade had been left to itself it would not have | The Si. sangineer shows most unans erably been equally, if not more, prosperous. The expe- that the general principle on which the railroads rience of other nations in the bounty system | Of this State—with few cxceptions—are managed would go to prove that such would have been the | i# to borrow money to make up the deficiencies result; and we cannot see the policy or benefit of | i their cash box, charge the same to construction continuing a principle which establishes an inju- | *Ccouat, and pay dividends which have not been rious precedent, fastens a heavy annual charge | ed. He shows further that, from the slip- upon the industry of the country, and causes | *#od way in which most of our roads have unnecessary trouble to the public departments, | been built, the actual necessary expense to keep We see that an effort is being made in the Senate | the track, bridges and so forth in xepair from by Mr. Clay, of Alabama, to repeal these bounties, | Y°®r to year will exceed the sum which many Similar attempts have been repeatedly made | have paid every spring in the shape of sdivi- within the last few years; but the resistance ef | 4end: and that hitherto this expense has beem the protectionists has hitherto succeeded in de- | ™@¥sgled out of sight in one way or other. feating them. The public mind is, however, be- When one alludes, in this State, to railroad coming #0 enlightened on the fallactousness of | Mistanagement and fraud, the public at once the theories by which class interests have hitherto | Points the finger at the New York Central, succeeded in mystifying it, that bounties, like | Minor rogues may well hang their heals in every other form of commercial protection. must | Presence of the mammoth operators of that soon go by the board. Fish, as well ae sugar and monstrous concern. But all follow the same other natural and artificial productions which | Petten track. When the Brie Railroad closed its are now eurcharged with the expense of a facti- | Cmstruction account and ceased to borrow money tious and unhealthy eystem of encouragement, | ! Pay dividends, especially when it had the Will be subjected to the laws of free competition, | frankness to come before the public and admit and not only the consumer bat the industry itself | that during two years of this policy of abnega- will be largely benefitted by it, There is nothing | 0m, it had earned no money, there was a mo- £0 difficult to drive into people's hoads as the | ™eMtary idea in certain quarters that we were absurdity of the protective system ; for‘it holds | 89108 to have an honest railroad company, and out the certainty of small proximate results, | ‘2¢ surprise was enormous, But that delusion whilst the large benefits derivable from an unre- | B88 been dispelled by the application made by stricted trade have yet to be realized. It is only | he Erie company to tho Legislature for leave to the more general diffusion of information on the | '*s¥e more stock. Because they cannot pay in- principles of political economy which can open | ‘test on what they have, therefore they want to & nation’s eyes to its true interests, and happily | increase it. Wwe are fast emerging from the dense ignorance All are in fact the same, more followers in the which existed amongst us on these points, wake of the Central. And if it be certain that a Besides the economical views which may be | 4M cannot go on forever borrowing money and urged against the imposition of unnecessary da- | ®t repaying ; printing fwlsehoods to hoodwink ties, there is another argument which with us js | the public, and declaring that out of ten dollars, even still stronger. Under the present rovenue | ON may pay twenty ; setting a shocking « xample system a larger amount ‘of money is collected | Of fraud, delusion, aud roguery in the very high- than the necessities of the government demand. | ¢*t financial circles, then, most assuredly a A surplus of thirty-five millions in our treasury | tremendous crash is abead, and all who have to may to woreflecting minds appear a very satis. | do with the railroad world will be in it, factory and gratifying fact; but it would beeasy | Tuearnicats, &0.—Want of space compels us to omit to show that a nation which keeps its capital idle peerage gy Sr tn various places 0; amuse- is in pretty nearly the same condition as an indi. | ™¢™* For ¢ of tho entertainments tendered vidual who hoards hie wealth trom the apprehen- eee the bulletin at the head of the wdivoria sion that it may be pilfered from him, It is pro- ——_— _ _—— ductive neither to the owner nor to the commu- iibnesy 02 eg “atin nity amongst which it was intended to circulate, | img, with the performance of * frowatore’'-Pars, wea ‘and for all purposes might as well lie embedded | Terni in the Briacipal rile. No doudt there wi! be a in its native earth, What right, we ask, has Con- | fall house. Next week Madame de Withorst motes hor gress to take from the national industry so mach | “™!'m opera, ae tuoi, of the wealth by which alone it can be vivified ion dat eee tee Scnoo1 Cau nxey— We ined? Si . Thalberg, comp’ om sustained? Such a course ot policy is not tous, wih taerty Porinsbh-nuy Mgreryre : ly unconstitutional, but it is suicidal; and on Addit on to hie sual Goncsrte, ne will give ove 1asee this ground alone the country would be justified | taitousiy to the obildron of the pute echeets, ene ee in demanding that it shall be revised. have received the following letter on the subject iro There is on moral grounds another objectionto | Thalberg’s agent — the present tariff eystem, which has scarcely 1689 | tn anewer tn TOR OF THE HARA, 5 jumerous applic tions trom ih force than those we have already mentioned. We admitiod . whore children could not be hold that the standing surplus created by it is | Statenae whee siege be one of the most fertile sources of corruption and | hoe of the obitdren connected with demoralization which ever existed amongst a free FA) your sty eer People, It is an irresistible temptation to worth- | Shin the pevie col ee lese men to struggle for office, whilst those who ee by x pabliehing fare pare must retire from public cmploymont or | ““Bongn, aes, 1raetrt” ) |