The New York Herald Newspaper, December 1, 1856, Page 1

THE NEW YOR k WHOLE NO. 7398. - HERALD. MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1856. IMPORTANT FROM CENTRAL AMERICA, G@ateresting Letter from Don Fermin Ferrer, the New Mcaraguan Minister te the United States. Anti-Filibustering Treaty Between Hon- duras and Guatemala. Anti-Filibustering Meeting at San Jose, Costa Rica. NEWS FROM NEW GRANADA AND PERU, @ur Panama, Carthagena and Lima Cor- respondence, &o. &o., ko. INTERESTING LETTER FROM THE NICARA- GUAN MINISTER. ORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN GENERAL CAZNEAU AND DOX FERMIN FERRER, WALKER’S MINISTER TO ‘THE UNITED STATES. Naw York, Nov. 20, 1856. Mr Duar Sin—Permit me to call your attention to the anonymous statements which the enemies of Nicaragua Gre circulating to prejudice our citizens against its policy ‘and government, and to discourage emigrants from seck- Ing homes on its beautiful and productive domain. I iknow {rom personal observation that the leading state- ments of these irresponsible writers are unjust perver- fiovs of the true history and condition of Nicaragu ‘Those who are at all conversant with its affairs aro satis- Ged the policy of the actual government is eminently pro- gressive aud broadly American, but under such efforts to mislead publ:c sentiment these "points may not be fully ‘understood by some of our people. From the = and Bonorabie part you have taken in the public affurs of your country, no person here can be so competent as to course of N! a in ite true lig! and certainly no gentleman is ¢1 to higher consi ration as reiiable authority. 1 have the honor to be very Giveerely yours, WILLIAM L. CAZNEAU. ‘His Exctiienoy Dow Famuix Feeuxe. DON FERMIN FERRER’S REPLY. Nuw York, Nov. 29, 1866. My Duan Guyanit—I fully respond to the ideas ex- pressed in your note of this morning respecting cortain aponymous inviduals whose crimes and misconduct in Nicaragua bad rendered it impossible for them to remain fm that country, and who are vindictively usiog the freo- com of ibe American press to present the tp ol an ry whan Neate eiledeich weer Basie 1821, to fe Nicaragua from ia a, form: ‘an integral portion of the Central American coniederation, abe, with per sister States, had the misforiune to fall into @ continvous chain of civil wars. For nt beped years lee were incessantly maintained by domestic vate interests and ambition made tuem there was no limit to f Poses: the whole country with the single jom of the city of Granada and tts precincts. This city, ever, was aa Important exception from {ts floe position on lake Nica- agua, and its power to act upon the inter-oceanic transit, as woll as the pavigable communications with the inte- For. While Chamorro and his army were confined to Grana- da, Castillon occupied Leon, as the seat of the provisional government; but the bleeding couatry remained ay before in a melancho y state of snflering and disorganization. At thir crisis the democrats resolved to invite the —_ reluctantly adm who are ignorant of the ruinons confusion if pertod of civil dissensions, evory eal patriot will contess it lind become necessary to & ded measures to arrest the rapid decadence of 7 4 by the advice co-operation of ', General Jerez {General Jose Guerre- ro, and otoers of his old frienis aud counsellors, made Proporitious to General William Walker to adopt Nicara- bo = bis couutry, and come to her at the bead of a rave phriavx to assist in reducing to order the factions disturbers of her peace. A hacdsome premium of laad, tm addition to the stated pay, wae to those vol- unteers who, on the conclusion of peace, should desire to remain as cultivators of tho soil. The democrats accepted th as brothers, as the children of a common moth epublican America—and ‘were ready to share with the rich their unocoupied territory if, in the same loyal spirit, they would bring the enterprite, the cap!tal,tthe inveutive genius aud the practical expericvce of the North to de- velope the jatent resources of Nicaragua. ‘Don Trinidad Cabanas, then President of Hondaras, and the friend of Nicaragua, falty participated in these viows although be bas since his policy. gugement, Goneral Walker, at encountered at Rivas, on force trom Grapaca of three times ea in whion the enemy suffered « ral Walker marched to Leon, there to Castilion thetr fatere hi ope ons, At this critical moment Don Mariano Salazar abdendone:! hts country and her cause, and retired to Costa Rica with his whole family. The other democratic leaders manifested more cond Gence in the fature of Nicaragua, and General Jose Maria Volle, with his command, accom panied General Walker on his retarn to the Department of Rivas, in August. General HBantos Guardiola, anexile from Honduras, aod the eaemy of the democrats, bad taken powession of Rivas aad toreaten’d the freedom of the inter oceanic transit. Gen. ‘Walker threw himself upon the important post of La Vir- gin, where he had an engagement with Guardiola, woich, Dotwithstsnding the superior force of the latter, ended in bis votal rout, with the loss of (wo hundred men, After this victory General Walker crosso’ to San Juan del Sur, where the eoemy vever ee ee wo a A bold movement Jol the m8 wad- denly to ia \irgin, Gon, Walker ombarked his forces on One of the Transit steamers on the 12th of Ostober, at daybreak on the 12th, he bad carried the plaza of Grana da Dy aseavit. Gen, Corral ‘cll beck on Magsaya, and at the instance of the citizens of Granade the chiefs of the two parties coo- clnded a treaty of peace oa the 24d of the same month The opposing lead ihamorro and Castelioa, had both died during this protracted struggle, and this facilitated the formation of a new government, com] of men taken from all partion, with the moderate Pa:riclo ‘Rivas at its head Gen, Walker was unavimow ly confirmed Commander. fm-Obiet of the entire military force of Nicaragua, with vontingent executive powers in the evont of ‘any interruption in the provisional government. fe ad excepted rank and responsibility as the adopted gon of Nicaragua, and fully identified himself with her interests. He at 04 bimaet! brave, disoreet, and capable of Command, ‘The cont Jonce Nicaragua bas re im bim should not surprise Americans with tne names of their own Mont , Steaben, and a hot of other adopted rons of the Union, standing so frean ‘4n their recotiection by the side of tho !liustrious tilibuster, General Corral wee named Minister of War under the mew government, a few Onys after be was convictel of the crime of bich treason on his own correspondoncs and confession, and wnat excouted acoording to military law. Don Mariano Saiavar beard, in his retreat at Ponte he State of Costas Mica, of the triamph of And repaired, without delay, to sicara- ‘an well rece! vo appointed Governor Salavar then presente! bis claine for goods and money advanced to the Castelion government six- vefore General Waiker came to the country the additions of bis exorbitant ol trom the impoverished ments of her grestest ‘There transactions my capacity of of Hacienda, Don “Ysriano Salazar's pecumary sacrifi distrors. ed ander my Own observation, and the table of ices in favor of the was restored to Nicaragua; but the other ments of Cen raion unr th rae and ‘that the new ‘and vigorous elements which oe it would re- wain to coneclidate and sustain . Tated tne Soeuery aa YS were o Oda pave beer: tmoony, feared this oxampie would spread tothe other this they leagued together in a savage war ou Nicaragua and ber adopted citizens. The troops of Costa Rica under President Mora were every enormity of murder, ra- pine and Kew ged on the defenceless inhabitants, not even sparipg persons and property of neutral for- cigners, ‘Bistory wil deciare bow bravely the Costa Ricans were repulsed by Gereral Walker, and how ly Presi- dent Mora re reated from Rivas, leaving bis dead unbu- ried and hia wounded to the meroy of our soldiers. It is alec{s matterfof history he wantonly sacrificed at La Virgio the property and lives of unodondlng amin can ciizers, altoough they were under the pi ot the flug of the United States. ‘When San Maivador and Guatemala conspired to assail the independence of Nicaragua, Salazar had the mili- tary commad of L and then, for the second time, he deserted the cause of bis country at the hour of her greniest danger. Don Patricio Rivas™became invoivet io this treason by an unworthy sentiment of disappointed ambition. He had observed the growin: dieposition of the inte!ligent cliizens of Ni ‘to cali General Walker to the euyreme executive Power as th> mar most competent to direct tbe ship of State throug: je stormy or sis of ration; and to prevent this be united with Salazar and ovher factionists in placiog the capital city of Leon io the power of the hostile army which they bad invited within their limits to devour the me of the country and diotate laws to the people of icaragua By @ most singular interposition of Providence, Salazar ‘was arrested in the Bay of Fouseca while on the way to ‘San Salvador to obtain reinforcements for the invadi amy, Docvments that fullv proved bis treason we captured with bim, and he suffered in Granada the just peralty of bis crime, _Let those who condemn the present government of Nicaragua decide which have the bet claims 0a pabiic confidence—thore who have faithfully lavored to sesure her domestic tranquillity and developement, and who bave valiantly defended ber roi! ano sovereignty from foreign invaders, or those who havo insti her ene mies to attack those precious rights with fire and sword. Nicaraguse bes triumpbantly resisted the tyrannical pretensions of the other Isthmus Siates, and is prepared to sustaia the most friendly relations with all othor pal Particularly with thoso great commercial Powers who are #0 deeply interested in the security and independence of the invaluable’ interoceanic highway. Already @ treaty bas been celebrated witn the United States which, in assuring to ycur citizens the most abso- lute freecom and security of “. and property, fresly cpens to their evterprise all the msgvificent nataral re- Jet to bo Coveioped for ibe advantage of bots ropubs., yet to be devi vantage republics. The of Ni wearied with the losses and xhaustion of a third of a century of civil wars, accept with satisfaction the of the government which their suflrages bave in They perceive in it the elements of stability advancement which they so much desire and for which most of their neighbors sigh in vain. The industrial classes begin to breathe fresiy under a system which relievee them from ih. service, and ekill, capital and will new life aud impulse to the productive power of the country. Ni has established her policy on the great prin- cipies of American and those are her ene- mnies who elther cannot cor ~e distinguished marks of consideration and respect, T remain, sir, your most obedient servant. F. FERRER. To the Hon. Wittiam L. Cazyxac. THE BIVAS GOVERNMENT AT LEON. We bave at length received copies of the Bolelin Oficial Pablisbed at Leon, Nicaragua, where President Rivas holds his government. The numbers bear date respeo- lively, the 4th apd 10th of September. It will be re- enllected that while Walker piays President at Granada, Rivas plays President at Leon. By a decree signed by Rivas, General Don Ramon Bello- #0 is named General-in chief of the army ot the republic, Don Maximo Jerez is Minister at War. It will be re collected that Jerez was the General.in-chief of the re- volutiouary army under Castillon, and after the treaty of peace at Granada, was appointed Minister of Foreign Af- fairs under the Rivas Walker government. A decree dated 27th of August, declares all male inhabitants of the republic betwoen the ages of 15 and 60 years, eoldiers, and liable to be called into service. The following communication, complaining of Minister Wheeler's recognition of Walker, was addressed, under date of August 12, by Rivas’ Minister of Foreign Aff.irs— Senor Salinas—to the Secretary of State at Washington:— Your Exc NCY— Ni i ecole and minatere of other nations, not awalt aay other — that the governments from which they come be reputed as sovereign in the countries were they role, This maxim is sanctioned Pe governments, be- cause «contrary course would be to imtervene in instil tions which do not belong to th: thus opening a wide pen gl pera gedin te a «Ee , the understand ought to exist amo: Fela nations; ut they should ‘be prudent, in view of the importance which even ® usurper or pirate might assume, tm supporing in his favor titles of pd aad y OF acts con- fsummated in the country where only misiortune could bring bim. Nicaragua bas institations which repel any oreigper from bewmg Present, or from cocupying any otber of the chief posts of the repubdiic. If she adwits any naturalized persons to occupy seconda- TY positions, it is even under the condition amor g obers, of residence for a spesitied time. it is not very Mr, Wiliam Walker, knowing, or beiag sup posed to know all this, has assamed the title of l’residont in Niearagua, haa pretended an election; has made bis roldi o.e, and bas committed other scandalous acts, bee: deems tho ttle of President nevest to it, am Central America, usurper does not take half measures: but it in strange thats Minister of the great North American nation, Mr. J Wheeler, in whose sight all these thio, ing; Who knows that oo a single day bas the Rivas tailed to perform its fanctions; who is not ignorart vbat it bas been recognized by thy nation which he reprerenis—should be willing to be the accomplice of Mr, Walker, thereby exposing bimseli to the oy = which bis government should inilict on him. ‘e think that be merits punishment, because, either de- iberately or inconsiderately, he bas recognised Mr. Walker as President of the republic—a iact which bas been announced in No. 40 0f the Nivaraguente, Walker's off ciel journal. Therefore it is that President Rivas, the only President whom the people recognise and obey, afler hay- ing evepended all communication with Mr. Wheeler, and baving ordered came to be renewed in consequence of the by the Cabinet cf Washington of Senor Vijil a hie Minister Pienipotentiary, bas ordered me to request the government of your | xcellency to b* pleased to wih. | draw from the said Mr. Wheeler his powers, and to inilict ou htm the purtshment which be merits 8. SALINAS, ‘The Holctin Oficial publishes a communcation from Captain Demaro Rivera to General Martiner, dated ob of Avgust, giving an account of « fight which his command had with a party of Slibusteros outside of Cupagues. He mye—“ At this moment | ordered my braves to charge them the bayonet, which they did ‘with great effect, and within a quarter of an honr the Hilibusters were complote'y destroyed, leaving on the field twenty men killed, one prisoner, all the rifles and Pistols that they carried, tions of war, and every thing which they baa scandalously and violently taken by robbery, On our side we bad only two seriously and three slightly wounded, The filibuster is powerless in Presence of the soldier of the country. Attacks Nicara- gens: bravery has iittle to fear froma mercenary faith.” We sunpect that Capt, Rivera's baitie story is manufac. tured ont of the whole cloth. ‘We also find in the Holetin the following decrees issued by the Rivas government — THR PROVIDONAL PRESENT OF THE REPUNLIO OF NICARAGTA 70 198 INMAIITARTS — Tho in tependence of the country and the true faith being menaced by waltor or and by: Cilivuateros, pacdepereeatlle ay Tb pee of the govern ment toguard such sacred Precious objects taking into aera me rae Of the public rents being annib! it in th absolutely neces sary to recur to all posalble mensures #0 as to create ths resources necessary for the maintainance of the army o° the repnblic—the Bouee President bas deomed it right to decree and does decree ‘Arr. 1. Of all property not intended for division into one-tenth par: the next three years, the = of the republic being bypothecated for ite pay- men’ The other articles refer to the mode of collection, &e. Another decree ordains that henceforth no one shall ob- tain the grade of Bachelor in any faculty without having first undergone examination, privately, before three doc- tors of licentiates, to be designated by the Reotor of the University. It seems that the old difficnity of party animosity is State has been divided? To this question some answers bave been given, in the belief that the acceptance of the measures 6 would be ewfiicieat to ensure the im- portant object desired. In the first place, there bas been proposed the organi. zation of in istry composed of the most prominent per Bons Of the parties, because, with that union formed im good faith and tothe masses, who , loyalty, it is certain that i¢ would extend always (ollow their favorites. Tho second idea tends to the same end, and is proposed as av ad- ditional guarantee nares or ane Wy a eneeee power. ‘That is, the nominauon of a il of State, ia which, without Ga ae bya Rotabilities of both parties, some restriction might be placed upon the Executive, and the Council bt be . The third idea has sam: object, and also em the proj Project of the copatitution of 1864, most im; id expire, Assembly, convoked for this city, or for Confidence will be inspired, stability aud progress eatab- Nabed, ard thus shal! the questions which Bave agitated us remain settied. ‘The fourth proposition is tbat the President should de- Peete comeners the bands of some one in whom Parties can trust. This may conduce to the cordia’ union wbich is desired, and in manifesting the idea of ab. negation and unselfishness, it makes the act a laudable one, while at the same time it gives a of es. teem to the person eolected, disregarding the spirit of party. All these ideas have been objects of serious discus and each nas been met with obstacles to tts adoption. Il bas not been desired to enter into the question of lew, be- cause that would be a great sea of diflicuities. It it were entered on, some would ask ‘What had tho Consti- tuent Assembiy to,name a President?’ ‘What Would the President have to pame his successor? Aud what right would that successor have to name another successor?’ These would not be the only questious, for they would even ask e@ to the authenticity of the nominatiors—an idea which bas not tailed to be ‘msinvaied. ‘Can the appearance of a President clect- ed by the arms of two parties be logal?’’ others would ray. i style one and another would dis- cuss, while uestions would still remain unsettled for want of a supreme autbority to decide them, ‘and evon in case that they would recognize the authurity se Of @ decision, tt would not succeed in appeasing p: in an pocolatianet events, (= Gop ey re- Partice, extinguishing the germ of new Tevolutions, which would to-day or to morrow re the questiopg which have been held up to the present time. In imforming tne public of the result of the con- ferences we may perhaps have an Coc gpigny: bt Pub- Mebing the analysis which has been made as to mode of treating the foregoing propositions. THE TREATY BETWEEN HONDURAS AND GWATAMALA. ‘The following is the text of the treaty of alilnce against Walker, made between the republics of Honduras and Guatemala:— Don Santos GuaRpiots, General of Divition, Constitutional President of the State of Honduras, etc., ete : Inasmuch as we have established, concluded and oon. firmed, in Guatemala, on the 18th July, 1866, by our pleni, itiaries, fully authorized to that effect, a treaty of alliance, consisting of a preamble and eight ariicies, as foilows, word for word:— His Mency the President of the Republic of Hondu- rea, his Excetleacy the President of the republic of Gaa- temala and his Exceilency the President of the ibtic of Salvador, being animated severally with the liveliest de- sire to maintain apd unharmed the independence ve States, and to provide His Excollency the President of the republic of ondu- Don Pedro N. Arriago, Oblef Judge of contr: = bg Fy, - OH ee een the said Rivas da, previous to” the of » @xercise authority d+ facto in bize bim (Rivas) as the actual Provisional ‘Presi. dent of en ae see fectual aid im order to wer that State from forega usorpers. Art. 4. The States mutually engage to in- their mediation im order to pat au end to ail in- ternal divisions in Ni and to that the public forces be boy F to drive out the foreign vsurpers. They at same time to continue their mediation and offices #0 an to enable the people of Nicaragua, when the proper time arri ‘to cetablish, by their own yoluptary act, a just a government, and such as ee ee tee oe pore ot the prevert alliance hereby established. Art. 6. In order to promote this united action, the con- tracting governments will severally nominate commis- sioner haf empowered to repretent each one of them ree) vel ¢ government ot Costa Rica not having been oble, on account of Its distance, to waite in the mag! up of thin treaty, but which hae been the first to fight for the security of Central America, shati be invited to adhere to this treaty, while i» the meaatime it shail be understood that the said government & a party thereto with the others, Art, & The present treaty ehall be ratified by the re- spective goveruments, and ratifications e: a thts Fry be aly 4 an, or eartior if oo “ In faith ot which the sai Plenipoteatiaries vo nig and sealed the above articles, at Guatemala, this 18h day of July, 1856, PEDRO N. ARRIAGA. P. ME AVOINENA EUGESIO AGUILAR. Now, whoreer we have scen aad cxamiaed the cight articles of which \be above treaty of alliance consists, and whereas we find them couformabie w the inet: uc- tions given, therefore, in virtue of the powers conferred upon us by the 46th article, section 9, of the constitution of the State, we bave and ratided all that is contained in the above treaty, and do hereby F< peat] and ratily the saune, engaging that on oar part sad treaty shall be faithfully and fully kept and observed. Sigved and sealed by our band with the great seal of Saunt Comayagua, - & of Augtst, A, D. 1856, the 36th year open “ SANTOS GUARDIOLA. Fraxcisco Menowa, Sco, of State and Minister of Foreign AMairs. ANTI-FILIBUSTER MEETING LN COSTA RICA. We transiate from a supplement to the Album of Sam Jone (Costa Rica) of October 7, 1956, the following ac- count of a re union of the principal dignitartes of that re public in reference to Niceragua adaira — On Sunday ( {th inst.) took place the general re uslon of ihe governors of provinees, political heads of cantons, clergy, and other authorities of Stave, witha large number of tho principal residents of the towns of the republic, wio bad been convoked by ‘with the object of bear- (pg their particular opinions in reference to the conclusion of the war againat dlibusterism ia Nicaragua, and to de- cide upon meane of obtaining the resources necerary ‘or that purpore, #0 as to have them placed at the dis- poral of the government. The session opened at 11 o’clock im the morning, at which the three ministers, the Diabop, and many strangers |assisted. The Viec President of Congreas, Don Miguel Mora, oo. cupted the chair, vacant by the sickness of the Vice I're sidept of the repubite, Don Vicente Aguilar (since resign ed ante emeh = Eg read a speech ata ’ of the Congress, Don Navario Teiedo, of the ministry on the presen: position presented by the bi ang described ‘oe urgencies vitea the meeting to res; to the erpment for ite on The ibree ministers afterwards spoke tothe same stating that the war still existed, revolved to continue it soeks extraordinary resources. ed the meeting, and exhorted the people in quent discourse to contribute, each as he cou! war, himeeif and tho atthe disposal of the cause was a oommon Prosperity at 9% P. Congress subsejuentiy adopted a contribut! at 2 per cent per month. THR TRANSIT COMPANY, ment aad the representalives of Commodore Vandormllt, Garrison, Charies Morgan, George Law, Randolph amd all other rich and enterprising men who desire to have & finger in the pie, The baves of the setiement he suggests as tollows:— General amsesty for ali the persons concerned. The property on the Isthiaus of the late Nicaragua ‘Transit Company, being cox ilseated for debt due to Nica- Tegie, to bo kegs by her in payment. gcverpment of Nicaragua to declare the transit open for competition, The lakes and rivers to be free to all steamers and other eee Sees owners to pay a small wharfage, Ce tage owners toil, 80 as to di the e: wharf and road. rm, pare Gare passenger to pay a dollar a head to the govern- ment. Then, rays our correspondent, we would soe in opera. tion the Atlantic and Pacitlc Company's line, the Vanderbit it Hine, the Morgan and Garrison I'no, the George Law Live Oak and Musket line, &o , kc, &o. Thea the $20,000,000 represented by these several lines will be by Megan Nahi ieee for the country — for the ‘aveliing pubiic, and in bringing money into their poci ets. Then we will bave reductions of tare, increase of travel, no more revivals of revolution, and mo more try- ing to upset governments Some people, not wel! versed in the transit business, suppose tbat it would not pay to bave opposition linea on that route. Bat that is a mis- take; it will psy. When as there an opposition business that did not pay? Experience has shown that it will pay in Nicaragua. Statietics show the following traffic:— When the Nicaragua and Panawa lines were combined, rs per month; whon the Nicara- gua line competed with the Panama one, there were 2,000 per mem sad when it competed with tne Panama ‘and le) nes, there were 3.000 per mont! But the California traffic, continaes our corresp mdent, Geptral America inthe products ofthe oouatry, is indigo, ica in the products in , cochineal, coffoe, drugs, and the importation’ fies te United States ard Europe to the Pacific coast, will form ba os ad Profit of the line. The saving of a six months’ voyage, the delivery of goods in proper condi- tion, through steamers on the Atiantic and Pacific, must eventually, without fail, bring all this business across the Tethrous of Nicars; But this can never be effected while a iy ton for froignt monopoly ex from $150 to $200 per between the two coeans, and which might charge $500 per ton, if it ploased. “AID AND COMFORT” FROM CHILE. ‘The Bolein Oficial of San José, Costa Rica, has the fol- lowing :— ON THE INFERVENTION OF CHILE WITH THE WAR IN NICARAGUA. Our brethren of the Sou -h have broken the silence they observea. poviee: to Chile! kee teh leputaes Errazusiz, Irizzari, Prado, re, a riga, Hurtado, Garcia ‘Moran, Barros, and Ortuzar’ have presented an eloquent address to the Cong: i American repub! their indifferent position as spectators, have resolution to intervene, both by political means and by "hall ‘Mow the Grst : Generous and decisive interven republics cannot but follow this honor. AFFAIRS IN PERU, Our Lima Correspondence. Lima, Oot. 25, 1856, The New Constitution Solemnly Accepted by Presiden: Castil- la—Mimister to Central America—Defensive Treaty— Treaty with the United States, dc. Contrary to the expectations of all, on the 18th inst. General Castilia swore to uphold and maintain the new covatitution, without any disturbance being created. Nevertheless, things passed off in tho most cool and quiet manner, and save the fact that a sione was throwa at the Presitent, not an incident of any moment occurred. Such of the troops as were not thought necessary to protect the different quarters and governmeat offices were paraded through the streets, and fvally formed im the playa, where a platform was creoted for the reading of the constitution. At 2 o'clock the President, acoompanied by Mr. Melgar, Miais- ter of Foreign Affairs; Mr. Mar, Minister of Wor, and Mr. Castaneda, the newly appointed Mir.ister of Hacienda, got into the “gingerbroad’’ carrisgs aod sallied torth trom the palace to the congrese noure. While passing through the plaza a stone was thrown at the vehicle, probably with the design of injuring the Frec‘4ent; save breaking the hindermost pane of giass no harm was -one. ‘The offender was immediately arrested, aud has s'ace been recognised as one of the officers diiuarg72 in the late reduction of the army. The President and Ministers were received in the saloon Of the house, and introduced to the Convention by the President and Vice President of that body. The jormer Administered to General Castilia the usual oath, and con- cluded by saying:— b “Senor, your ce has been requested in this sanc- twary of the law to execate @ holy act. You are about to tuke an oath as solemn as the ove pronounced upon the ina of our coantry. A republican in heart, you are about to bow to republicaa laws, tor which bis- tory will know how to ao you justice as ® pubiic man." Castilia then bowed to the assembly and made the oath, sat down, rubbed his head (a signiiicant sign with bim of extreme annoyance), stood up, and said — “Honorable Nepresentatives:—Tho greatest proof, the most clear and classic that | can give to the l'eravian people, of my bigh and sincere respects for her \ustitu- tiona—of my patriotic desire for her prosparity and ag- grandisement, is formed in this solemn act ‘a your presence, wherein | nave sworn to sustain our new constitution, Knowing |\ to oe for our commen good, and that by ite means we will become more clevated towards the ptunacle of democracy, I thank you for having ro lieved me of the Immense weight | possessed. hy honerabie representatives, are my {rank and sincere ex. preesions made manifest in the political principie which we profess, and by which we are krown.” He then withdrew, and the members continued to des- patch basiness, as if nothing bad caused an interruption. The army was marched to their barracks, and the evo- bing passed without the slightest noveity having occurred in the emy. Co the 19th the ministers and judges took the oath, and the constitution was publicly read in the rence of the military and people. Some five Vor medals wore distributed, commemorating the event. An immense serambiing | in pre- mong the negroes and Indiana Place to get thom—the bands played, the belle tock tolled, the ea and #0 ended tne graad cere- mony—po. a yor fact the alair passed of im (be most cool aad inditierent manner of saything of the kind | ever saw. ‘This i# the fourth constitution that has been given to the couvtry since ite independence, and !t must certainly be clasmed among the most liberal yet known in Soutn America. Peruvians, however, have good reason to doubt the fuldiiment of ite articles; or ite being oven by the very who made and swore to it. Miti- lary despotism has herto—and po dowbt will until the country falls into other bands—rule the » Jenclose you & copy of the constitution, & fas simile of the signatures attached; you will notice that that of the President is the most attractive among thom, it is a ape- cimen of hie first and last lesson in penmanship ‘The conventioniste, 1n continuation of their labore, are now employed tm completing tho necessary regoiations to govern the coming genera! election. J mentioned to you in one of my late letters the fact that & project was on foot to send & minuter to Central America, with the view ot furmin, between that country and Pera. Pedro Galvaz ae Minister was confirm w days since by the convention. services expected to be performed by him will be one to induce the governments there to comply with & private continental trea\y, aiready. entered into in Santiago de Chile by the representatives Of the governments of Chile, Peru and Eovador. The oles of this private t not exactly known, but sofficient has leaked out concerning |t to know that cach of these governments, by it, bind themseivos reporately poy Ry Ld gh Og of any forego hoe. tile body in any of these territories; or, in other w: Yr Glibusters irom gaining poorer, ¢ ia W. merica. ‘ them Engi pertormod Tnose, upon de! phoid | } PRICE TWO CENTS. errived in that city, caused an immediate and strictsearch to be made ter discharged, as proof could not be forward to substantime the charge. ne Of those who were arrested for boing concerned attempt at naurrection have been discharg+ though some considerable number are stil! suffering the steamer I have received a letter from a corres- Pendent im Arequipa, in whieh he says that preparations on @ large scale are being made there by the priesu to get wp anether weurrection-~thet they are openly working upon tbe mipas if the and endeavor'ng to per- svade the Indians to believe ‘the new constitution has been made expressly to undermine their interests, The iv ‘iuenge of the clergy in Peru is great, and pedoubt they will exercise it tothe utmost to create a disturbauce. In this they will be supported by the Archbishop cf Lima, who is the head of the church in'Peru, and who bas re- fused to swear to the constitution unless authorized by the Pope te dogo. Upom tha whole, we think it Rey ranging tay some — Lape will take Place there in the coming month, aa niblic reports in this city confirms that opinion. ly AFFAIRS IN NEW GRANADA. Our Carthagena Correspondence. Cauraacana, N. G , Nov. 20, 1856. ‘The New York Dike Company—W hat they Have not Done— Evection of Don Marriano Orpino to the Presidency—Ge- neral Sania Anna awd Cock Fighting—The Trouble with Bnglani—The Iethmas Troubles, dc. ‘The readers of your valuable journal, which is about the only New York papor received or asked for here, ‘were somewhat amused as well as quite surprised to see that somebody pretending to be your correspondent in this city had in a communication published in your issue for Galiiornia of September 20, among other things oqual- ly absurd, represented the dike or canal to connect th: Day of Carthagena with the river Magdalena, as being in © great tate of progress, and that the dredging machine was nearly finished, and would soon be at the diggings, also that the peopie bere were very anxious for the arri- val 09 the Presiden; of the company from New York. Now, it 8a notorious {act that the very reverse of this ig the true state of the affairs of this dike, which pro- mised co much for this city, and whion there is no doubt, if under‘aken and carried out by a responsible company, ‘would prove very profitable for themselves, and also be the means of reviving Carthagena from its present apathy and ruin, The fact is, no work bas been done on this caval for several months past, and the superintendent and one or two others who were sent out by the company bave returned home as best they could—no means hav ing been sent out to carry on the work, and the drafts of the agents sold to merchants here having been protested. The only means these merchants and other victims in this place have ot satisfying their claims is the sald dredg- 40g machine, which, although finished soma time before the date of your correspondent’s letter, hes never icit for the diggings, and will not unti! these ciaims are settled. Neither dol think that anybody here is very anxious for the arrival of the President of the company, from ali that bas been published of his doings as regards this matter, except tbat he should come in charge of a considerable amount of money, which is an article that Covers a multitude of sins, in this part of the worid. Enough bas been ascertained here of the result of the elections throughout the country_ for President, to prove that Don Marriano Ospino has recoived a larger vole than either of the other two candidates—although this is pro- bably the result of fraudulent revarns. For instance, in one town in this province it is well known that no eiec- tion was held; notwithstanding this, the Legislature ro cotved and approved of returns that were sent in from that town giving Ospinoa majority. Ospino is the can- didate ef the conservative. Jesaist snd church party I thik the natives of the coast would proier to be annexed, together with the Isthmus by the Yan- ees, rather than eubmit to bis administration, Bat as the result of the election is to be decided by Congrons. it is probable that the long knives ef the revolutionary na- tives of Bogota may determine tbe question. ‘The articie which you published some time since re- the cooupation of the [etamus by the United troops, Created quite ap excttement nmong the am- bitious writers of political articles here. It wae quite s godsend to let off some of their Bier & 5 8 z $ sé it This government bas, from making {air promises in regard to the settle- ment, whicn have not, to the miuister’s state- ment. been fulfilied. The consequence ts that the Britian ment 3 refused to negotiate with them any farther, and has sent for a fleet to blockade the whole of the coast ; jwentiy within two weeks we shall have an vessel keeping guard over us, as | think one will be sufficient. The government at bas sent orders the governors of the provinces om the coast not to show any resistance to any force that might be sent, which is the most ridiculous ‘thing ita gipadie, as it is aot ip their power to make any resistance at ail. This clly, although surrounded by for- Ufications which cost the Spanish government $60,00¢ 000, is entirely defenceless, as they bave net a gun to mount them I think, bowever, that when the case is fairly government, they ack powledge representative Das acted rather hastily. Probably, however, as they were aware that tne United States were about to enforce their claime against this conntry, they have song bt (bis occasion to station if vessels on the coast for ‘ear thet Jonathan might take ai! (he meat anda leave them the bone. If the blockade is to be strictly enforce’ | fear that we shall soon de reduced to Narving condition, as provi sions are already so bigh here tha: the greater part of the inbabitant upon the commonest kind of food. The making of U & iree port appears to have done more berm tb Tm ‘one thing that can improve the ‘canal communication with ( htfa! climate, one of the best barbore im the world, substantial houses and stores aad a peaceable popu ‘ation Our Panama Correspondence. Pasama, Nov. 20, 1858. The Iethmos as if it— Income and Expenditure United States Verses of War—The Brivith Blockade— Arrival of British Ships f War—Tonnage Taz—Panama a Whaling Sta- teon— Steamer Colmbut— Nev Avetralan Line— Pana- ma Gres fer Premont—Buchanan's Biography, de, de. Now that your ‘bloodless revolution’ i# over, and your political ealety valve bas blown off in the Presiden- tal election th Fplue patriotiem that threatened to “buet!’ your gr national “biler,’’ the constitution, it is possible that, being reduced to « working bead of steam, the peopi¢ may turn their attention to onteide af fairs, and wish to know what is going on among ‘the reat of mankind.’? As thie Isthmus if likely to attract considerable atten- tion ere long, and “the wo W neck of land’ connecting the two oceans will soon claim the attention of the world, it is Of course desirable that the Herain and the readere @ the Ransin should be kep! posted on things In general and the affairs of tho isthmus of Panama in perticular, 1 propose, therefore, to furniah you with « regular cor- respondence, and supply you with ® faitital record of | corrent events, Your readers are generally awaro how matters stand | in regard to this Isthmus since the celebrated 15th of April, when the memorable attack was made on the rail- road passengers, and in which some eighteen or twenty American citixens, who came out in the [ili- nels on the Sth of April, lost their lives. Since that time Mr. Commissioner Oorwine’s report bas beon made public, and the press, both 1m America and England, have commented upon it. Tt has ‘deen made political capital of in both countries; with you 1 has been made an extension of slavery question, aad tn Boy'end thas boon mixed op with the Comirnd Ameriona, Procsséipgs—and allow me to any it bas just as litte com- ‘Bection with the one as wih the other. Too whoie tuing simply resolver \teetf into ts: Are American citizens te be protested abroad - Is Amerisam property te be re- epecied, and are tresty stipulations amd soiemn contracts to be set at maugbt by Now Granada, aad submiticd to by the United -tates + it remaing to be seem what the sue et the affair will be—it remains to be preved wieteez Mr. Pierce will throw one ray et sunshine round his evening hours of New Grapada or the biustertag of England, er whether this act of justice will be resesved for the opening scene Of the sew administration. It is scarcely possivle to imagine augthing more de plorabie than the prospects of this State ef the present time. The estimates for the ensuing year, lately publish- ed, show the expenses to be $274,812, whilst the income for the same period is only $188,619, and of this ot least $50,000 cam never be collected ; $16,000 is assumed as the revenue from the tonnage tax, and $80,000 for the prtvi- Jege of tramsporting the interoceanic malls across the ter- rilory. (Both of these are in direct violation of om \ pop, We nee See) The ofieim ane ! ‘nO protection for life or property, and general disorgem- zation and demoralization ensues. From this state of ives. ae tne Drooght ito, Celiivation, te" rou 10 cul nm, e DO large gaioe from the passeuger trate. poverty, and having abundant wealib, now et ff 3 f if i z a See Pato ate Sominetooe aotemnen tee toc cantulaney stores, coal, &c., thas used to come round Cape Horn. = and gives employment io ‘The United States ships Independence, bericht di war St. Marys, Captain Bailey, aro port, their DO doubt, ohecks to interfere with American or other foreign crew of the i i i is i 4 j | i it i and his gen with whom a six monthe stay in mately acquainied. The | i i i HJ i i z il i i the 17th ; she will probabiy continue to and Ceptrai American coast, and prove of opering up the trade of thoee countries. An agent was bere owLer day from an Eaglish com @ line to Austraha, but this i i i ; but Fremont they den: pa FA sd, ov $40,000 WORTH OF SILK G00D8, AND CAPTURE OF FIVE OF TRE THIRVES. About 12 o'clock on Saturday night Sergeant Chorry and officers R. Murphy and Byrnes of the First ward pe- lee, received information from two women residing e the corner of Beaver and New streets, that there were thieves upon the root of the adjoining building, in New ftreet. The informants told the officers that they heard footsteps on the stairs of the above store, and siso the low hum of voices aa {f proceeding from the adjoining Premises. The officers immediately suspected that some Durgiars were at work, and broke ito the store from whence the noire proceeded, for the purpose of arresting (be rascals. Ax they entered the door six large secke filled to overtiowing with valuable silk goods were ex- pored to the vision of the police. The oflcers hoping te catch the burgiars sent word to the station house for ad- citiopal aid. Liectenant Dalton, on receiving the infor ma- tion, bastened to the spot with « platoon of men, whe surrounded the entire blocks’ bounded by Beaver, New sud Broad streete (and Exchange place, fo sf to leave no loop bole for the of the burglars, who it was believed were im some of the stores situated im that square, search waa (ben commenced, which reeulted ing of atx other bags of silk goods the tore of Mesers. Schultem & Hard, No, 34 The Dui was then when finally, ae 1] vatter searched from to officers were about ving chase for the thieves, the laiter were Z a k i i H f Fi i fli i i H i H j t iit egitti i | a rig attracted the attention of the women fa the house na the intention of the 0 carry Sates dics ‘aetinboona cause selves v the timely discovery of the he is ‘a considerable: much more task than be vary in age 2 to 4 The Fremont Party in Norfolk. ANOTHER LETTER MR. STABNARD. fam Nov, 29, 1856, Poy ~~ yy bape mye tn the Norfolk Bony or of our Boy taformation of Mr. the to the sare, wherein me of being concerned tn ‘the other in an article written by which | om charged with being an ohal- dh ‘ never Ition sentiment, either or was shou ve above ‘igo.