The New York Herald Newspaper, July 20, 1856, Page 4

+ NEW YORK + JAMES GORDON BENNE?®, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OPFACE N. W. CORNER OF NAS6AU AND FULTON 878. ie uty wees ib DAILY 4LD, 2 [per annum. THE WEEKLY 04 6% conta por = vk Conmnent, . or $8 per annum the rng Great Briain, or $6 to any ‘ posse, VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing impers- say pot or, age COM Fontes oan ane mi . CORRESPONDENTS McGccini REQOKSTED 10 BRAL ALL LEWTERS AND PAGE- OES SENT DS. NU NOTICE taken of anonymous communication, We de at reurn those JOB PRINTING executed with noainess, cheapness and des ‘ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every day. Wedunse XXT........ 200+ see sreocesecesers NOs 200 AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING, BIBLO’'S GARDEN, Broadway—Youno HanGuus on tae ‘@eeer Rora— ors sv Lernyk—Conscnirr. BOWERY THEATRE. Bowery—PEarrcrion—PinatEs or pew Moesissirri—Manniep Raxs. BROADWAY VARIETIES, 472 Broadway—Tue Forty ‘Smayes—5x rex Woop & Maxsm JUvesiues. WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Ersioruun Mus- femmar—Korrnr Macaine. td BEES, &C. DUSSELDORF GALLERY, 497 Broadwey—Vaivasia auras asp Statusny—Magtr on Hoss, &c. BROOKLYN MUSEUM, Brooklyn—Race’s Procress— Finest Nigey—WaAnvExinG MINSTREL. Hew York, Sunday, July 20, 1856. Mails for the Pacific. THE NEW YORK HERALD—CALIFORNGA EDITION. ‘The United-Ststes steamsbip Ariel, Captain Hunter, will deave wis port to-morrow afternoon, at two o’clock, for _Aapinwail. ‘The mails for California and other parts ef the Pacific, sen with greater particuiarity:— Men. Women. Boys. Girls. Totel. Week ending July 12... 64 41 147 130-382 Week ending July 19... 72 79 «6202 «(178 SBS —an inerease of 54 adults and 103 children. The following are the principal causes of death during the past two weeks:— Wark nding Week July 12. July 19. oT ° a2 43, 93 _ 1 1 5 22 65 u 30 8 13 6 7 ‘7 nu Wee 3 2 The falowing table gives the classification of @iseases apd the total number of deaths caused by each disease, during’ the two weeks ending Judy 12. July 19. 4 4 Sew ond $8858 Urinary org Violent causes 1 Smo Bis e ry DU asiee eooveeee nob istew nll The nativity table for the past week gives 414 natives of the United States, 67 of Ireland, 26 of Germany, 10 of England, 1 of France, 3 of British America, 4 of Scotland, | of Switzerland, 1 of fol land, and 1 unknown. Nothing of public interest transpired in the House yesterday. The session was occupied in considering privace bills. The Senate was not in session. Our telegraphic despatch from Washington con- tains a summary of the provisions of the bill af thorizing the construction of three railroads to the Pacific, which has been agreed to nearly unani- monaly by the special committee of the House of Representatives having the subject in charge. The mystery surrounding the late murder in Broadway still cemains unveiled. The inquest upon the bedy of the unfortunate man—Bartholomew Burke—was continued yesterday by Coroner Con- nery, but no evidence going to point out who the of the cold bleodea murder was could be elicited. For a report of the proceedings before the Coroner, we would refer our readers to another column. A disastrous fire occurred in Brooklyn on Sater day morning, involving the destruction of a quantity of naval stores and twelve dwelling houses. The particulars are given elsewhere. We publish to-day another instalment of letters from our correspondent ‘‘ Young America, contain- ing highly iteresting information concerning the East Indies, with an account of his trip from Cal- cutta to Suez. The United States steamer Arctic left this port on Friday night, at twelve o'clock, for the parpose of taking soundings between the coas's of New- foundiand and Ireland, preparatory to the laying down of the telegraphic cable. The sloop Julia, seven days from Bermuda, cam> into Barnegat Inlet on Wednesday last, with three soldiers of the Twenty-sixth regiment of the British army on board. The vessel was seized by the Cas tom House officers at Barnegat. It is supposed the soldiers are deserters, and have stolen the sloop. ‘They had no compass, and started on their voyage with no other provisions than four loaves of bread ‘and about ten gallons of water, which wae all con sumed before they reached port. We publish elsewhere in our columns some inte resting additional items take from our tiles of Mex fcan papers, together with » letter of the Archbieh op of Mexico on the bill providing for the sale of the charch property, and a well written article on the new constitution recently submitted to the Congress of the republic. The following i# a sommary of the provisions of this instrument :—" The President is to hold his office for four years. The Legislative Assembly to consist of one house. No law i to be passed prohibiting or hindering the exercise of any religious worship, though the Catholic religion is to be protected when that prote:tion does not prejudice the interests of the people nor the national sovereign rights. No titles of nobility, prerogatives, or here ditary honors. No person tobe molested, nor his house searched, nor any property or pa pers seized, except by competent jndicial an thority. The right to possess and carry arms for defence is guaranteed. No soldier to be quartered in time of peace on any private person without his consent. The military to be at all times subject to the civil law. No violation of correspondence in the Post Office. Slavery is prohibited, and slaves escaping into the republic are to he free. Notreaty to be ever made for the delivery of slaves #0 escaping. The press to be free. No letters of seonrity nor paseporte are to be required; education to be free the right of petition to he inviolable. There is to he no national monopolies of any kind. There are to be trial by jury: no imprisonment for deb. Condem pation to service in the chain gang i prohibited Charies P. Duane, alias “ Duteh Charley,” who was expelled from California by the Vigilance Commit see, We ip Aceprloo ‘The Men We Have—The fe Want. We have now five candidates befere us for the Presidency. Two of these—Messre. Smith and Stockton—do not enter inte the calculations of either'the politicians or the people. Two of the remaining three—Mesers. Fillmore and Buchanan —are graduates of the s¢hool of ld fogyism. Both have made their way apward by the mere force of party arrangements. To cliques and par- tisans they owe everything, and they will not be discharged from the obligationif either should be elected. It isreally ludicrous to thik how euch pro- minent,political leaders are manufactured. On a close examination, very few are found to be men.of genius, few are men of talent—they do not possess original minds—they have no re- sources of education, no creative power—they are lay figures, clothed by the good nature of the public with official robes, which do not fit them and.are very soon in tatters. Let us see how the thing is done. We begin, then, by observing that some young man has early abandoned an unprefitable employ- ment, given up some mechanical pursuit, or, hav- ing put his hand to the plough, bas looked back. He wishes to get his living some ether way. He enters the office of some pettifogger, perhaps, and takes small cases in the Justices’ Court. Although admitted to practice, he finds that he is likely to “live without causes and die withent effects.” He then mingles with the primary meetings, gets placed upon a committee, and seeke to become e+ village Hampden. After a few yeare of strug- gling, after having been a delegate to half a dozen conventions, after agreeing to go for some one elke’s nomination, upon the condition that bis own is to fallow, he is sent to the Assembly, ex- tends his acquaintance, and learns what is the | value of being with the ins, and the disadvantage of being with the outs. He sends documents home to the leading farmers, or pushes through some little bill for a new turnpike road, or proposes an alteration in a town line, aud soon finds himself ready to run for Congress. Here the tactics of the aspirant are met with the ascendant power of committees. Any lawyer may get to the Assem- bly; but @ seat in Congress leads to general fame, and is the gift of those who will not part with it for a trifle. Once there, he makes a bold push for position, either by ready declamation, or usu- ally by close attention to the business of the House. From this, he returns to his own home, to become the centre of a elique and the favo- rite of committees, who, finding they have at last obtained the right material, begin to work it up in proper shape, and look ferward to the day, when, this accomplished, they may “enjoy the triumph and partake the gale.” After this the steps are easy. Prominent offiees are secured, high.offiees are run for; possibly 2 translation to Washington comes next, or a post of honor abroad. Or, finally, when the partizan spirit is hot enaagh and the inducements held out are strong enough, there is a general uprising of committees, an uproar of county newspapers, a close packing of delegates, and the cliques pre- sent the astonished nation with a regular caudi- date fer the Presidency! Ve have had enough of candidates manufactured in this way. Once in power, such men reflect back what they can spare oo those who have elevated them. The committee men, the editors, the delegates who have pushed them along during this long pe- ried, call for their reward, and the proud and rich and pompous old fellows who have condescended to join in this last move, give their sage advice, are ready to enter the Cabinet, or go abroad, or fill the custom houses and post offices. We thus perceive how the abuses of our gov- ernment are perpetuated by this routine of cliques, of nominations, and of elections, We see plainly enough that there is not the slightest hope of our return to a more republican, a more virtuous and a more prosperous state of things, unless we break up, root and branch, the whole system by which this country is managed and betrayed. And the whole of this machinery is worked by a very few persons, and millions of intelligent freemen become their tools, With whatever motives either Mr. Buchanan ov Mr. Fillmore might enter upon the duties of the office. they could not escape their liabilities, Nothing would be much changed. Old fogyiem would still rule in the Navy and War Depart- ments; the same old drowsy clerks would sleep at their desks; the same old fossils would be placed in the Cabinet; the same oid clothes men sent abroad; the same illegal contracts granted to favor the same grants of lands made to rail- way politicians. It is time the republic was freed from the Wighting influences of political management and the shackles of cliques. No public man, be his merit what it may, is usually considered as before the public, unless be has gone through a system of training, and passed through the va- rious processes of sweating, bleeding and weigh- ing at the pleasure of those who take him in hand. American political life seems to be de- pendent on a mere system of routine, and nothing short of an uprising of the people can reverse its absurdity. When a great man comes unexpectedly into the field, the old operators are alarmed at the distarbance of their wires, they double their precautions, and recharge their bat- rr by increasing the quantity of acid. Il the people of the United States sanction this any longer? Is it not time that an infusion of fresh and healthy blood was imparted to the body politic? Will the young men of the cown- try—the new generation—eubmit to thie per- petuation of the reign of committees and the ascendency of antiquated folly? Are they, to} to grow gray before they can hope to rise, or wi 1 they not now. when so fortunate and #0 memore. rable an opportunity offers to overthrow this old and corrupt «yetem, rise in their might and do it’ ‘The supporters of Col. Fremont adopt this view of the case, and will act upon its necessity. In him they offer the opposite of the trained, the selfieh and the worn out politician, It § not in county conventions nor at town meet- ings that he has achieved his greatness, Such as be do not crawl up the column of fame: they soar to it—it is their natural resting place. History—our own in particnlar—is full of si lar examples. In innumerable instances found that the men grown old in public life not those best qualified to serve their country. Onr greatest of men, our Washington, was fn bis areer, alike in pursuits and « tered by the shackles of political lative intrigues. Our greatest naval and mil heroes have made their best and most em efforts before they were overshadowed by burea and disabled by official paralysis. are early And there ie another remarkable coincidence, not to be overlooked, assimilating the career of Fremont with that of another great man—Jeffer son—the idol of the democracy. The reputat ntitig | | of the latter was as mach owing to hie sc: NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, JULY 20, 1856. attainments as to his political elevation. It washe who set on foot the exploration of the rivers and coasts of the Pacific, and made himself famous by the expedition of Lewis and Clarke. Col. Fremont has followed in the footsteps of Jeffer- son, and has gained never dying hener by his scientific researches and his valuable disceveries Other nations, who have become great by the sudden elevation of extraordiaary men—with their Cwears or their Napoleous—bear witness to the truth that such are not made great by servile training or long subservieney to ancient and corrupt combinations. The admirers and supporters of Col. Fremont, equally convinced, offer a fresh, vigorous, uncor- corrupt maa. He is made for the times—the times demand his services—the yoang heart of the na- tion recognizes him as of its own blood, and beats in sympathy with his own. We have in him the assurance of a thorough refonm, and a renewal of the strength and youth of the nation. Ranroap Burcwery.—We have recorded another instance of railroad butchery. Fifty liver have been taken, and one hundred persons are seriously injured, uncertain whether they too will not shortly follow the slain. This eceurrence on the North Pennsylvania Railroad may be styled the massacre of the innocents, for most of the sufferers were in the bloom ef youth and in | the morning of their days, A whole school has been decimated in the most shocking manner— crushed, torn limb from limb, aad burned alive. ‘Humanity shudders at the thought. How long are these scenes to take place upon our railways, and who should be held up to execration as the authors of this tragedy? Who else but the di- rectors and officers of the company? Let them ‘be held to the extreme of their responsibility. The causes of these accidents are obvious. In the first place, the conductors are not first class men. A conductor of a railway should be as skilful as the commander of a ship, with as much prudence, courage and ability. He should have even more of these qualifications, for he is every moment in danger, and exposed to the most terri- ble of calamities. But, unhappily, from motives of economy, thay are not so selected, and in every instance almost, these accidents are occa- sioned ‘by ignorance, inettention and foolhardi- ness, In the next place, no railway with a single track should be considered complete or ready for the transportation of.passengers. No grants should be made to companies emept with the proviso that double tracks shouid be constructed before they are opened for business. Again, on every line signal men should ‘ke stationed at points near and visible to them and to the passengers. Telegraphic wires should begnaintained, and con- stant notice be given of the progress of the trains. The most stringent rules should be enforced in those cases where @ train is behind time, and the movement of each train should be regulated accordingly. Signal poles, of sufficient height, should be erected, on which flags should be dis- played, to indicate the approach ef danger at a distance, and breaks of greater power than are now used should be attached to the cara. The heavy buffers, which are foand on all the best European roads, have been almost abandoned in this country, and should be iusisted upon. And above all, none but the best and most experienced men should have charge of the trains. But rail- way corporations have no souls to feel, no bodies to be kicked, and they will continue to trifle with humen life, without feeling and without punish- ment. The present system is as disgraceful as it isinbuman. It is to be hoped that in this case the most exemplary damages will be given to all who survive the calamity and seek redress. Romance or Porrrics.—The Presidential elee- tion is taking the shape of a politicat revolution, with a most vemantic character, and resembling remarkably the stirring revolutions which, in 1830 and 1848, ebanged the destiny of France. As excitable as dhe Parisians, we are as ready to turn aside for novelty at the most critical mo- ments ; and in the present campaign, when high and important questions are at stake, when we should vigorously and steadily assail the corrap- tioa and misrule of the government, we find the love of gossip intermingled with love of coun- try, and every day some romantic incident, either astory of the heart, or a seene of adventure, or a novelty in religion, sueceeding each other, and as entertaining as a chapter ina novel. Every week bas the developement of some new plot, some exposure of the tricks of politicians, some discovery of some wonderful secret, which, pro perly put together, would take rank in the litera- ture of whity brown covers, and be admirably adapted to railroad or steamboat reading. A Presidential clection is always the match which fires off these magazines, A little noise, a little dust, a few scratches ; and during four years the explosion is nearly forgotten. Just now the contest is conducted by a class of politicians very much on the romantic pian. ‘The love affairs of Col. Fremont are quite a godsend to these excavators. The story has pro- ceeded as far as the running away with his fair wife, and his being married privately by a kind hearted old padre. The scene in the baleony promised as much effect as the one in Romeo and Juliet, only that the Colonel had his immediately repaired, and nobody was injured. Foot notes however, are beginning to be plentiful. The dig- gers have found some ancient tombs where his progenitors repose, and these are probably to be disinterred to add to the horrors of some coming scene, They have found one box marked “search No. 1,” and will probably attempt search No, 2, and with as much success as the diggers in the Antiquary. Sir Walter Scott never exhumed the romantic adventures of the Cavaliers and Puritans with more care than those excavators who are now busy. One of the Brooke of the F rprees—not the bully, but the booby—has been publishing a memoir of the birth, life and death of the wife of one of the Presidential candidates, and the education of his daughter, by way of giving his hero some hold on the «ympathies of the public—some advantages of a domestic character—in thie struggle to get into the White House. It may be almost con- sidered as a bid for the support of that class of interesting females who, arrived at acortain period », are ready to give heart and hand to a well todo widower, and a rising man. There could be no other object, one would the publication of thie precious piece of Wography. The youthfal loves, heart aches and distresses of Mr. Buchanan have not yet been attended to; but we do not know what a day may bring forth. No doubt but that some skilfal miner will shortly be fownd arcwnd the old mansion in Wheatland. 1 in hand, digging ont all We shall of es We informed what gontle belle it was who would not have a Buck, and | justice. Civilization hasnot much to boast of in owhy, though he did not think he should die a bachelor, he has ever lived unmarried, unhappy enough in his long life perhaps, if ithad not been diversified with Forney and political robbery. ‘Thus it will be perceived that the monotony of \politics is relieved by the incidents of romanee, amd if the anecdote makers, sentimentalista, weepers and diggers do their duty, we shall have-a funny campaign. ‘Spaech or a Vineoua Exite—Inteexsting ‘Nicer Sraristics—Gov. Wisx’s Estimates Sustamep.—We publish this morning the speech of Mr. J.C. Underwood, (the exile from Virginia, on aceount of his participation as a delegate in the proceedings of the late Philadelphia Repub- lican Convention.) This speech was delivered at the ‘Eleventh ward Fremont ratification meeting on Thursday last; and we apprehend that it is destined to make a sensation. ‘The allusions of Mr. Underwood to the princi- ples of Jefferson and Madison show that he was indoctrinated with his present opinions some time before the:rise of the free soil abolition societies of the North, of the Birney, Buffalo and Garrison schools; but his reminiscences of George Wash- ington are particularly interesting. Perhaps, were Washington at this time a Virginia slave- holder ‘his views of Southern slavery would be somewhat modified; but we are sure that even under the existing virulent sectional agitation, North and South, he would never give his con- sent to the expulsion of a fellow citizen from the State on aceount of any opinions upon slavery which the individual might entertain, however obnoxious to the general sense of the community around him. The violent party excitement upon slavery, which caused the expulsion of Mr. Underwood from Virginia, is, in fact, a feature of Vir- ginia polities peculiar to these latter days. It is the result of that morbid sensitiveneas on the slavery question which has grown up into an overshadowing power in the South, under the careful culture of Northern fanatics and un- scrupulous Southern fire-eaters of the modern de- mocratic school. They have played into each other’s hands until nothing butacomplete revolu- tion in parties and in the government can save us. Perhaps the election of Fremont, slavery or no slavery in Kansas, and the honest restoration of the government to the conservative and compro- mise principles of Washington, Jefferson and Madison, may do mueh to soften down this por- tentous sectional strife into conciliation and har- mony. Certainly, from all existing indications, we have neither security nor any positive step to sectional concord to expect from the election of Mr. Buchanan. Peace requires concessions from all sides; Mr. Buchanan’s position exacts them only from one—concessions, too, of the most ultra character and in the most offensive shape. The lamentable state of things set forth in Mr. Under- wood’s speech cannot be reached by the Cincin- nati platform, nor by the Ostend manifesto, nor by the continuance of this Pierce administration. There is, however, one branch of this speech of Mr. Underwood which renders Mr. Buchanan pe- culiarly the candidate for the Virginia slavehold- ing democracy. It is that branch which refers to the price of niggers. Here we find the views set forth in the great ratification speech of Governor Wise most strikingly illustrated in the slavetrade statistics of Virginia. Mr. Underwood in- forms us that the law of 1808, suppress ing the African slave trade, made Vir- ginia an important market of supply in the article of niggers, to the extreme South- em States, and the extension of the cotton culture. How many millions the Old Dominion bas thus contributed to the developement of the South and the wealth of the Union, including Northern manufactures and commerce, can never be ascertained. In reference to Mr. Buchanan's availability in Virginia, it is enough to know that, according to Mr. Underwood's statistics, the number of slaves now annually sold in that State is between 20,000 and 25,000, and that the price which they bring is from $20,000,000 to $25,- 000,000. Say twenty thousand head, at an ag- gregate of twenty-millions, and upon the lowest figure of increase in the value of the article, ac- cording to Gov. Wise’s estimates—that is to say, one hundred per cent—the election of Mr. Bu- chanan, in a financial view, will be to the State of Virginia a clear gain of twenty millions of dollars a year upon niggers alone. These figures throw a flood of light upon the popularity of Mr. Buchanan in Virginia, and upon the true interpretation of the Cincinnati platform. Mantix Van Benen Riowt Asour Face.— We publish to-day, side by side, the letter of Mar- tin Van Buren of 1848, accepting the Buffalo free soil nomination, and the letter of 1856, adopting the Cincinnati democratic nominee and platform. Right about face! The one reads like a produc- tion of Wm. H. Seward, and the other might very well pass for an electioneering Northern apology of Mr. Toombs, of Georgia. In the play of “Cinderella,” the kitchen girl, with her old old woollen gown, is, by the touch of the good fairy’s wand, instantly transformed into a princess, radiant in silks, feathers and diamonds. ‘The tranemogrification of the “Little Magician” is equally wonderful. The good fairy in this case was, we suspect, the Prinee John, the politi- cal heir apparent of the house of Lindenwold: The ex-President, since 1848, had been a dead weight to the democratic aspirations of the Prince; bat now it is removed, and, light and elastic and good as new, and full of enthusiasm, the Prince is in the field for the regular demo- cratic nominations. Perhaps, however, had the ex-President waited a week or two, the develope- ment of the popular current which threatens to sweep the democratic nominee, the democratic platform and the democratic party into oblivion— perhaps “the sober second thought” would have been a flaming letter for Fremont. Cautious and calculating a* Mr. Martin Van Buren has always been in his political cireamgyrations, he has, per- haps, been a little too fast in his last magnificent summerset. At all events, we place the letter of 1848 and the letter of 1856 in juxtaposition, to chow the inflexibility of democratic principles. Wheel about, and torn aboat, and do juet eo, And every time they wheel about they jump Jim Crow. Ovr or THR Pate or Crviization.—There are four spots in this immense republic which may be considered out of the pale of civilization. There is California, which is at present in a state of insurrection, the local government set aside and a self-constituted Committee of Vigilance ex- ercising the supreme authority, in order to ob- tain comparative security for life and property. If we may believe what Mr. Duer, of San Fran- cisco, said recently in a public speech in that city, five hundred murders have been committed in California within a few months, and only four or five of the criminals have beeg brought to ‘that quarter. There is the Territory of Utah, also without the pale, peopled by an ignorant and bigoted emigration from all parts of the world, held to- gether by the practice of polygamy in its worst ferms. Humanity shudders at the degradation, disgrace and suffering which those unhappy fe- males are compelled to submit to who have be- come the dupes of Mermonism. The hard labor, the crael treatment, the personal neglect they endure, is absolutely shoeking. The manner in which the local government is conducted, the vulgarity of the public documents, and the occa- sional proclamations of the Governor of this be- nighted Territory, afford the most complete evi- dence of bigotry, misrule and tyranny. Ciyiliza- tion cannot boast of much in Utah. There is still another spot which mars the body politic, and is the scene of a semi-barbarism, It is Kansas—distinguished for its border fighie, its double legislation, the burning of houses, the shooting of prisoner, the employment of regular troops to enforce the laws, and the utmost vio- lence of party spirit. A pleasant picture of civilized life is this, too, in this model republic! And there is still another of these spote, with a locality the last we should expect to find. The city of Washington, the seat of the national gov- ernment, the centre of our national legislation, under the very shadow of the Constitution, is getting without the pale. Murders in hotels, riots on the floor of Congress, gambling in the ave- nues, and corruption prevailing everywhere! These are the four ulcers of this happy Union. THE LATEST NEWS. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Interesting from Washington. SUMMARY OF THE RROVISIONS OF THE PACIFIC RAIL- LOAD BILL AGREED UPON—THE TREASURY DE- PARTMENT CORRUPTION CASE, ETC. Wasuinctox, July 19, 1856. The special Pacific Railroad Committee have agreed upon a bill, eleven members concurring, and Gen. Den ver, the chairman, will report it on Monday, if he gets the floor. Three roads are provided for—one to be built north of the forty-fourth degree of north latitude, by the Northern Atlantic and Pacific railroad company, of which Alexander Ramsay is president ; one between the thirty. eighth and forty:fourth parrallels, to be constructed by ‘an association of all the roads now chartered and run- ning westward through Iowa and Missouri, the junction to be formed near Fort Kearney, and the single trunk to run to the navigable waters of the Pacific, in California ; and the Southern road is awarded to the Southern Atlan- tic and Pacific railroad, of which T. Butler King is presi- dent—a new Company, associated with the Atlantic and Pacific railroad company, of California, the Texas Western Railroad Company, and the Vicksburg and Shbrevesport Company. ‘This line runs from the Mississippi, at some point south of the thirty-eighth degree, and runs to San Francisco, with a branch to San Diego, and with a grant of forty sections of land to the mile west of Texas to the California line, and then ten sections per mile to San Francisco. No grant is made for that portion of the road east of the western boundary of Texas. The Northern road receives forty sections from point to point, seventeen hundred miles. The mid- die road receives thirty sections until it reaches Califor- nia, then ten sections to its western terminus. The pro- visions for mail payfare liberal. Telegraph lines are pro- vided for on each road. The report of the committee will not be long, butclear and satisfactory. The bill will be put through without delay. Mr. Brooks appeared before the Criminal Court this moruing, and paid the fine and costs in the Sumner case, amounting to $385. ‘ Capt. Bowman, chief of the Bureau of Construction of the Treasury Department, has been three days before the Investigating Committee, and thus far they have been upable to implicate any ope. The contested election case from Nebraska was made the special order for Monday. Quite a number of the Regents of the Smithsonian Insti- tution have called on Mr. Edwards, to dissuade him from offering the resolution inquiring into the workings of that imetitution. He is, however, determined to offer it on Monday. It is said that Edward C, Stiles, of Pennsylvania, has been appointed Consul to Vienna. ‘The reports of the majority and minority of the Kansas commission make nearly twelve bundred octavo pages. The design is to call up the Kansas contested election case next week. THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION. House of Representatives. Wasirxeroy, July 19, 1856. Many private bills were reported from standing com- mittees, The House poseed one private bill, and debated another Ul) the hour of adjournment, Adjourned. Senator Wilson and the Presidential Question. Pirtewona, July 19, 1856. ‘The report that General Wilson, of Maseachusetts, ex- pressed his preference for Mr. Johnston for Vice President over Imyton, originated with Nath. P. Sawyer, a promi- nent political friend of Johnstwwn. Letter of Goveroor Gardner of Massachusetts, to Governor Winston of Alabama. Bostow, Jaly 19, 1856, The Br of this morning, contains Governor Gardner's reply to the late communication of Governor Winston of Alabama, returning the Kansas resolves of the Massa- chusetts Legislature. ‘The letter makes over a column, and severely handles in detail the charges of the Executive of Alabama. On tbe charge that the resolves were in conflict with the truth of history, Governor Gardner says: — Your Excellency may rest assured, notwithstanding qe denial, the exact accuracy of every historical fact ere spoken of is known toand recognized by every reat er of those resolves, whether be lives North or South. ‘The truth of history is too stern and inexorable to warp iteeif vo sult your Pxceliency's wishes. These shamefo! ocourrences are written as with a pen of fire, on the bread skies, for the whole world to read, and they will exist until bistory itself shall be no more—a damnit to ovr country, our age, our humanity, to those Gre dared to do tam, and to there whe wih equal hardinood dare deny or defend them. If you mean that the whole trath of history i# not expressed in these resolves, then I agree with you. They do not give the half nor the worst of these inhuman out a 4 = Sg “cae to the rifling mails, the organize! irrup tion of the citizens of another State to control the elections, of arrests without juricial authority, of the mockery of legislation and ishoman laws, of the destrac tion of printing presses, of theft, of arsoa, and last, that tt and Goal crime, beyond which human depravity aa no power to go, cold blooded and deliberate murder. Should your Excellency invoke the whole truth of history, it must bring to your view the vision of murdered men, of wives driven to madness, and to your ear the i ed ery of the orphan; and all for crime that their busbands and fathers by their vote or voice the introduction of human servitude into a region that your father and my father dedicated a third of a century ago, by agolemn national compact, to freedom forever. We give two more extracts from the letter, as fol lowe = Your Fxeellency next asserte—‘‘The obligations of the constitution, end the laws of the United bye dw in conformity thereto, being disregarded and nullit »v; Maseachusetts, we desire no further intercourse wit ‘our State.”’ ‘May I be permitted to remind your Excel y that “nullified” is nota word of Massachusetts rowth, but that it is indigenous to the South; and if you five opprobriam to bestow upon it you can freely do eo mach more appropriately nearer home than here. ‘The loyalty of Massachusetts to the constitution of the United States has been too often and too signaliy evinced in critical periods of the country’s history to require a further answer from me to this ungracious suggestion; but were it otherwise, your Excellency is not the tribunal to decide for ber a question involving her fidelity to that instrument, Iam notaware that the Executive of Ala bama has yet been made co-ordinate in judicial authority with the Sapreme Court of the United States, and until it je, and not till then, will its opinion upon such a question be with any propriety, or be entitled to the @ightest consideration. Your Excellency concludes your letter—the whole of which I have quoted—in the following worde:—‘‘And wo wish to be free in future, free from insult from a State whose citizens do not recognise accountability for inal and Ifbellous imputations upon the character of Southern Ftates and the citizens thereof.” Your allusion | cannot fail to understand. You advance as your chief and closing reason for desiring no further intercourse with ‘our State, that one of her Senators has declined a sum mons to a combat, and the other, it is well known, would do so in obedience, not only to the laws and sentiments of Massachnsctts, but also of the rules and order of Congress, and even @& the statutes of the Stay of Alabama itsel’ I find the following pro: in the code of State, published in pursuance of an act of your Astembly:—‘‘Every person who gives, accepts or 4 lenge’in writing or otherwise, to/fight ingly carries ac in single combat with any deadly weapon, eit! in or out of this State, on comvietion, must be imprisoved/in the: penitentiary two years.”? Because a Senator ot chusetts refuses to do what the laws of Alabaas make a. penitentiary offepee, your Excellency wishes ne turther: intercourse with our State. Gov. Gardner coneludes by informing Gov. Winston. that be shall continue to send resolves to Alabama, waen: directed to do so by the Legislature, so long as he fills the: executive cha'r, News from the Plains—Sangainary Battle: among the Indians, Sr. Louis, July 19, 1856. Intelligence from the Plains has beem received here, stating that a sanguinary battle had occurred at the» crossing of the Arkansas river on the Samta Fe road, be- tween the confederate Sacs and Foxes and the Camanche» Indians, resulting in the complete rout of the tattor with the logs of twenty-one killed. The Sacs and \oxes had two killed. It is note! as a curious coincidence that at the same time two years ago a hostile meeting occurred at the same place, between the same parties, with pre- cisely the same results. Osweao, July 1—6 P.M. ‘Wheat dull; sales 5,700 bushels 5) ted, white Michi- gan, at $1 15. Corn quiet. Ry: ; sales 7,100 Durbele Capadian, at 70c., from store, Canal freight. steady. Flour, 40c.; wheat, 1234, amd"oocn 10c., 10+ New York. Lake imporis —NO grain. Canal ex- wis—3,489 bbis. flour; 21, bush wheat; 11,250. ushels corn, Shipped to Montreal—10,000 bushels wheat, Burra, July 19—6 P. M. Flour closes with a better demand; sales 1.500 bis., at $6 for good Illinois and common Ohio; $6 25 a $6 44 for choice do. and Indiana, and $6 50 a $6 62 for extra do. Wheat quiet. Corn steady; sales 45,000 bushels, at 41e. fos hot afloat, and 47c. for sound, Oats firmer; sales, 17,000 bushels, at 363;c. Rye quiet. Canal treghts dul, at l4c. for corn, and 18c. for w! , to New York. Re- ceipts for the twenty-four hours, up to noon to-day— 2,000 bbls. flour; 5 bushels corn, Canal exports— 9,750 bushels why 46,103 bushels corn. Our Washington Correspondence. Wasurxctoy, July 18, 1856. Trouble at the South—Rebellion against Bucha.xtn—Money fer the Blection—Forney's Movements—Walker’s Povi- tion at Washington—Smart Case of Swindling—Dinner’ to Brooks, of South Carolina, dc., de. The alarm has been sounded, and the States of Ken- tucky, Nerth Carolina, Missouri, Maryland an! Delaware are declared in open rebellion against Buchanan, The digcovery was made in caucus last night, whea money and organizations were voted as essential in toose States: to the security of the democrati> ticket. Thus we have’ it that the amount of means necessary to keep the South straight for Buchanan, with her one hundred and twenty” yotes, has been found to have been greatly under-esii- mated by the Douglas class of politicians, when recom- mending that the South alone required looking after. ‘The gentlemen who have taken the matter in hand to im- prove the condition of things in the above named States: have commenced too late their work, as they will find, out. Missouri is the only State of the five tha: may be saved to Buchanan, but of the remainder they are hope- lessly lost to him and his cause. It was deciied upon to immediately organize these States, after the a:journmen’ of Congress, on the district system, to ho! meetings! weekly, and, as far as practicable, to get an accurate canvass of each district and State. The caucus adjourned over to Saturday evening, when reports are expected from the committee on the distribution of documents, organization for State and district speakers and finance! committees. The Central Committee for the Union, which is to bold) its meetings in this city, will be announced officially, tn w document to the Buchanasites, now preparing by Sena- tor Douglas, who has taken upon himself the responsi- bility of leading and conducting the present campaign. ‘This National Central Committee is.to have unlimited powers entrusted to it, abundant means, and will be to) constant correspondence with every part of tie Union. A naturalized citizen, holding an important 4.piomatic situation abroad, when baeniy 3 of Buchanan's nomina- tion, sent on to his agent in New York instructions hand over to certain parties the emall sum 0! $20,000, aid in his (Buchanan’s) election. A wealthy contractor, residing in your city, who bad government contracts 1 near @ million of dollars, dur . Buchanan + term Secretary of State, has subscribed an umount far below the sum above named, 1 can mention) these two instances of liberality, but of course there thourands of whose names are not ioiended to b made public. Sofar as moaey goes, Buchanan is i: wbead of Fremont, whose reliance on success seems baved) upon the unpurchasable choice of afree people. The con. tested election cases will be settled, it ts eapposed, thy week, when an effort will be made to take uy the Sei Navy bill, and attach to it certain amendment», which wilt not pase the House. The fact is settied beyond « doubt) that Forney kept Buchanan advised, by every steamer tw London, of the movements of Marcy, which he allege were intended to entrap him, and furnished him with cor rect information of the public feeling upon the subject that were entrusted to him for settlement. This w have it that while Forney was President bere bo Minister in Engiand, and upon the latter tact claims to an influence over the mind and « chanan, which is everywhere Known aod rly esta, blished. Forney boasts of his success in Kogland wit Bochanan under him, as he did daily to Seasior Doug! and ethers of bu control cver Vierce and is Caciaet, Marcy and Campbell ¢xcepted. ‘The intelligence ot Gen. Walker's new diiticulties Ni is received here with quiet indiflerence. government takes vo interest in the matter, and South seemingly don’t care what turn things take. General bas received nearly all the aid which he ¢ count upon from the United States, in men, money sympathy, unless he presents himsolf in some new cha- Tacter, as the victor of Costa Rica or the executioner Rivas and party, No ove. at present, cares fur Walker, and no one will think of him antl alter the election, which is now the only subject of consideration ‘Mr. Ball's resolution of investigation is producing tte ef” fects already, in the resignation of clerks and their flight, from the city. Four of those gentlemen whe bau! reach the depot this morning. on their way North, were politely, informed by an officer of the government that \t was neces. sary they should returo, as their evidence in ce traneactions of frand would be required. The same gentile. men were required to give bail for their my when called upon, before they were released. pom ber of contract swindies, it is ascertained, is greater far than was anticipaed. The mode by which many these swindles bave been made have a rich novelty] about them. A case has been related to me, & party put iu, at ruinous rates, to furoish a cer! tain ainount of brick, for public ‘buildings, involv: the payment of several hundreds of thousands of do!lars, ore his sureties, but after haviag mad bimeelf acquainted with the names of the several vidder wod their rates, be declined taking the contract, wi the next lowest was called upon, and so on wnti! all hb refaxed to be bound by their offers except the whore bid was the highest, and nearly one hundred cent over the price of the bidder to whom the contrac] had been first awarded. This man obtained the o arranged b pd ey wl who got out of the way the other bidders bay! toro off. Tunderstand that nothing can be 4 with parties, who laugh over the success of tl swindle, from which they have realized enormous profit. The friends of Mr. Brooks are talking of a dinner that gentleman—to be given on a scale—before be leaves the city. Mr. Brooks does not favor this tion, but will probably be overruled by his friends, Commissioners of Health. The Commissioners of Health met yesterday, at o'clock, at the City Hall, Isaac O. Barker, Msq., dent, in the chair, and Walter F. Concklio, I ‘The following vessels, upon the report of the Health cer at Quarantine, were directed to be permitted to oom to the city alter being cleansed and ventilated — Brige—Wm. B. Nash, from la Gran le, Ceylon from Guaynilla; Pauline, from Cabeilo, Crit from Caraenas, Colon, from Cardenas. Schooners—Fawn, from Monrovia, Africa, Sarah, Biack River. Bark Kate Lincoln, from Demerara. ‘The brige Thomas Watson, trom Port au Prince, 1 Susan, from Ponce, Porto Rico, were ordered to diwwharg thelr cargoes at Quarantine, on lighters, aad then to sllowed i come to the city. ‘The brig Thomas B. Watson, from Porto Cabello, wal directed tw be permitted to come to the city after bei ventilated, the hides which it had on board to be pré viously landed at the U. #. wharf, ye. ‘Adjourned to Monday, at 12 0°elock. _—— Personal Intelligence. The ON dale is at Fauquier, White Sif Pir. peaket Daipe, of Massachusette, arrived here 4 Saturday, op his way to Albany. fle has been spon! a few days at Washington since his tour in the West, a Will return to Beston about the first of Joly. ARRIVALS. At the Clarendon—Mr and Mrs Lees and servant, Virgin? Georer Southampton, Sami Teham, Wm bodiam, Biydenburg, GW lew York: Hon I R Swan, Ohi Chas F Swan, Pennsylvania; F Rutledge, South Carolina; Peck, D Iright, Connectieut; Dr. Steele, U SN, ¥ Stoeckle, Washington From Cabello, in the schr Veapasian—Mr Mareo, Rojas. , DEPARTURES. | For Liv . in steamship Baltio—J W Cuil, Rowtigns sd'Mes SR Marshall, three’ children and servant 8 Fo and Mrs Thos Nevins, Mr and Mra Perkina, , Mise Lizzie H P Baldwin, « Bennett, dersom, New Orleans: } ines, Mrand Mra G Ralston, Louisiana: GF Sand," son servant, Mr and Mrs Seales ond infant, R Hughes, FAG «| waite London: Mr and Mrs Jno Cann and child, Ti; M klyn: JW Adama, Alex Brown, Henry Jaye yrowntile, WB Hons Jas MeCormick, G Jos ¥ Gallager, Blizabeth Be Af Mra Burst 0 an, J Borger, Mr Waldron, Mexico; i Frederick’ Butta, Ohjo: Mr Sullebart, Ha Wr Hann ty, berg: Mr and Mrs Cyrus W Field, four ebildren, infant and nut Mre Stone, child and nurse) Mr and Mra. Benjamin Tatha,, three children and servant; Mr and Mrs ugh, Mr & Mrs Whiting, Misses Crocker and Ick bigots ar aug pls okay Mr Rauow, Dr Jor: