The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1856, Page 4

4 NEW; YORK HERALD. J/.me8 GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, ‘Orr: x. We ggien OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS. | annum; the Buropean edit a ome OF ICE viaken of anonymous comnvunications, We do executed with neatnens, cheapness and dee- gB HERALD. 2 $7 per annum. LY HERALD. ooory Satara enka per or 3 ion, Britain, or $ @ any part of RTISEMENT S vcnewed every day. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, WEBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway—Youxe HENGuen oN THR rant Horm tes Ansiins—A Soupian TOR LOVE. BOWERY THRATRE, Bowery—Rosnen’s Wire—Inisn Maon—Makniep Kaxe. BROADWAY VARIETIES, 472 Rroadway—Biice Eve = Fanonine, Minera. Dy rue Woop & Massa, WOOD'S MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Ermorux Mor (wenmsT—MaseurR ape 1411. Se ee HALL, 596 Broadway—Paraioric ae TauuBaux—Mace anv Musi. DUBRELDORF GALLERY, 497 Broadway—VALUAsis Pamenres arp Statuany—MAnrynpos or Huss, dc. @HINESE FALL, 539 Broadway—Gicantic Moving Tuues- emarvox oF THE Russian Wan. BROOKLYN MUSEUM, Brookiyn—Perrection—A Sou weme’s Courtsnir—A Dav Arrek ras Weppixc. New York, Thursday, July 3, 1856. ‘The News. ‘Whe proceedings of the Senate yesterday are ex. ‘evadingly interesting. The bill providing for the wémizeion of Kansas was taken up early in the day, and an intensely bitter discussion ensued, in which personalities were freely indulged in. See our waport on the first page. ‘Nothing of importance transpired in the House, An ineffectual attempt was made to fix a day for the fanel adjournment. The majority Kansas report was weferred to the Committee on Elections. The mi- ‘mority (Mr. Oliver), was allowed ten days to com- @lete and present his side of the subject. Both re- ports are to be printed together. have received some additional European news ‘brought by the Canada. The unsettled state of Maly bas induced the Austrian government to place weimforcements, to the number of thirty thousand ‘men, at the disposal of Marshal Radetzky. Three sdays after the expiration of the treaty of commerce ‘between the United States and Denmark—which ‘@ecurred on the 14th ult.--an American ship, bound ‘trom Cronstadt for New York, passed through the Bound. She paid the customary dues, but under pretest. The Russian government is actively en- gaged in colonization schemes in Russian America. Late accounts from Beaver Island state that faint opes are entertained that King Strang, the Mor men leader, may recover. Recentiy several of the ‘Mormens were arrested by the Sheriff of Mackinac and his posse. Some of the desperadoes snapped pistols at the officer, but no damage was done. The people of the vicinity are determined to puta stop fe the robberies and arsous perpetrated by these people. To do so, 150 men have armed for an in- vasion of the island. Strang expects his followers ‘te resist any attempt to interfere with them. ‘Mr. Herbert, member of Congress from California, bas heen committed to prison to await his trial for the murder of Thomas Keating, the hotel waiter. ‘The Board of Health met yesterday in open ses. @ton, having voted down the rule of secresy govern- Ig their meetings hitherto. A special committee @f inquiry into the sanatory condition of the streets ef the city made their report, upon which resolu- ‘tions were adopted directing the Commissioner of Streets 2nd Lamps to report herealter every week to the Common Council what has been done, and the amount of moneys expended upon cleansing the streets; and further, that the captains of police make weekly retarns to the Mayor of the streets aequiring more immediate attention in their wespective wards. A long and exciting dis eussion arcre wpon a resolution offered to close up Cestie Garden as anemigrant depot till the first ef October, on the ground of its being detrimental to public health. The resolution was voted down, and a euistitute prevailed directing the Health Offi- er of tle port to tranship the emigrants from Quarantine to Caste Garden, and see to the proper eleansing and fumigation, at Quarantice, of the weesels bringing them. A f.ll report of the pro eeedings will be found in another column. The Commissioners of Emigration visited t!+ Quarantine yesterday and inspected their (nati tions a thet place. The hospitala were goue through, and their condition pronounced satisfac- ‘ory. The following table shows the emigration for ‘Whe first six months of the last four years:— 19,008 19,900 Germans. Eaglick. 3854.. 57,706 5516 sgl 1s, 182 $54 Mae 13.285 §,126 The twenty-fourth annual commencement of the New York Universt'y took place yesterday, and was scoompanied by the usual exercises. The senior else» gradvaied in the Scoteh Presbyterian church ia Fourteenth street, in the morsing, and in the evening the Aiumni met at the Astor House to trans act their yearly bosiness and partake of their an. gual festivity. There isa strong effort to be made to establieh a Law Department in the University. ‘There is nothing of the kind now in the city, and it is supposed a law schoo! would soon have a thousand etudents. Commissioner Morton yesterday directed Joseph Pedro de Ccnba to give bail in six thonsand dollars to anewer in the cace of the alleged slave brig Bra- man. A pational convention of segar makers com menced yesterday at 163 Broadway. There were delegates present from several States. Nothing wae effected the firet day beyond organization. The ob- ject of the convention is to equalize the price of segare, ard effect a change in the present tariff rates upon imported tobacco. There was a large supply of cattle on market yes terday, with a moderate demand, and prices de clined fully one cent per pound, the average rates being cight to ten cents. There was also a large in- crease in the supply of sheep and lambs, but pre vious prices were fully sustained, notwithstanding the demand wos not by any means active. Our correspondent at Antigua, writing on the 18th ‘ultimo, states that the sugar making season was drawing to a close, and the yield was a most prolific one. There had been sent to England and Beigiam this season, 39,000 bhds. sugar and 1,400 hhda. mo lapses, and about the same quantity had beem ship- ped to the United States. The health of the island wae good. The weather had been quite showery, filling ali the tanks and wells of the inland, Full perticulars 0° the disaster in Philadelphia on Tuesday evening, are given in our columns this morning. It is believed between ten and fifteen lives have been lost by the casualty. ‘The sales of cotton yesterday were to about 500 a 600 bales. The market con! fer. A private telegraphic despatch, received a re spectable house in this city yesterday, dated at New Orleans, Jane 30, stated that the crop was suffering serious injory in Missiesippi; while a newspaper ac- count states that destractive insects, with rast, were inflicting considera le injury to the plants about Con- cordia, in the upper part of Louisiana. The news per Canada had a favorable effect upon the four mar- ket, and prices advanced from lo. @ 15>. per barrel. Wheat woe firm and active, at full prices for good \¢ prime ow, whl» all grades were stiff; gales of New Georgia and Carolina were made at $1 70 for red, and $1 80 for white. Corn was firm, with mo- derate transactions. The pork market wes excited, with a speculative feeling; the sales emlstaced about 1,000 barrels of mess at $20 60, whicla was an ad- vance of 25 cents per barrel. Sugare were sold ta the extent of 800 hogheads Cuba, at steady prices. Coffee was more active, with wales of abont 3,600 bags Rio, and 400 mats Java at rates given else where. Freights were active and firm for British ports; to Liverpool, abors 100,600 bushels wheat were engaged, in bulk a.nd bags, at 9d.a 93d, and 5,000 a 6,000 barrels fiour, at 2s. 6d. a 28. 73d; to London, flour was t?ken at 2s. 9d., and wheat at 9d.; to Havre, flour was engaged at 75c , rice at $9, and wheat was at lic. Ruffian Sovereignty in Kansas—The New Bl ef Mr. Douglas. The report of the Congressional committee de. tailed to Kansas to inquire into and collect the facts concerning the political disturbances in tha Territory, was laid before our readers yesterday They have, doubtless, without a solitary excep- tion, risen from the perusal of this astounding report, this historical document, with the most painful emotions and convictions, The names, dates, figures, facts, and specifications of this re- port, however, silence all doubts and all prevari- cations as to the doings of the “border ruffians.” Explanations, apologies and denials may be piled mountains high upon each other, but here are the acts, facts, dates, names and places, all the mate- rials of legal testimony as before a court of jus- tice, and they cannot be displaced. Upon such evidence the President of the United States be- fore an honest jury could hardly escape imprison- ment for life. What a picture! We have read with incredu- lity the atrocities of English civil wars, Irish re- bellions and French revolutions, from a shrinking disinclination to believe in the possibility of such examples of human depravity ; but we are incre- dulous no longer. When any portion of a peo- ple belonging to the most civilized, enlightened, and law and order loving race under the sun, can descend to such scenes of systematic ruffianism as those which are set forth in this Congressional report, we are reduced to the conclusion that the general repugnance of mankind to pirates and highway robbers, to burglars and midnight assassins, is but a mockery and a delus‘on—that the securities which the laws of the land and the usages of civilized society throw around us and over us, like a strong shield, are subject like Kansas to the law of ruffianism and the chances of the hour—that man, after all, is but a savage cannibal, and that his social, political, moral and religious elevation is but a humbug and a cheat. Upon one point there can be no mistake—the unanswerable facts of this Kansas report establish it beyond the possibility of dispute—and the point is this; that squatter sovercignty is ruffian sovereignty— that the Kansas-Nebraska law, “leaving the people of the Territory free to regulate their own domestic affairs in their own way,” under the auspices of Mersrs. Douglas and Pierce, means organized ruffianism, whiskey, spoliation, robbery, murder, fire and sword. Such are the fearful and bloody fruits of an imbecile, indecisive, but reckless and unscrapu- lous administration, representing a demoralized, unprincipied, corrupt and thoroughly rotten po- litical party. The seeds of this prolific crop of poironous fruits which have so rapidly matured and ripened in Kansas, were planted by Mr. Douglas and his confederates in the Kangas-Ne- braska bill; but they need not have sprouted had they not been ro carefully watered and cultivated by this Pierce administration. At the outset, uoder the management of Mr. Forney and Governor Reeder, the plan of Mr. Pierce was to recover his lost ground in the North, and the plaa of For- ney, Reeder & Co, was to make the most money that could be made of their Kansas land specala- tions, In this view, it was natural enough that they should prefer a non-slaveholding to a slave- hok body of settlers. A slaveholding com- wunity is agricultural, and does not build up sanufacturing towns and villages; but a colony of free soil squatters is developed, as it increases, into villages, towns and cities, including ali sorts of manufacturing enterprises, Heuce, to the ori- ginal owners of city sites, town plots aod.mili seats, « free soil community is just the thing; and thus the original Kitehen Cabinet land speou- le‘ore in Kanens dirceted their movements, by and with the advice and consent of the adminis tration, to the great financial ultimatum of making Kaneas a free State. But the South took the alarm, and soon mut- tering thunders began to be heard in that diree- tion. The administration was frightened, Reeder was dirmiseed, and as it had become too late iv carry water on both shoulders, Mr. Pierce re rolved to cut the North entirely; and by frater- nizing heartily and actively with the “border ruffians,” he hoped at least to secure the neces- Southern support in the Cincinnati Conven- tion to bring the Northern democracy to a sur- render. Mr. Douglas boldly played the same game or the same stakes, They lost—they both lost; but they must goon. “In for a penny, in for a pound.”’ It ie too late for the back track. Though as generals they are repudiated by the nigger driv- ing leaders of the democracy of the South, they must be content to serve in the ranks. With Mr. Picree, it is but the show of consistency, for he can have no hope of the future; but with Mr Douglas it is the campaign of 1860 and the voice of the South, which he failed to secure in 1856. It is not surprising, therefore, after introduc- ing one scheme, requiring the federal ratio of 93,000 population in Kansas before calling a Convention to form a State constitution, that Mr. Douglas, a month later, should consent to drop the question of population and propose the ne- cessary stepe for the immediate admission of Kansas, The South have pointed out the way. The new bill of Mr. Douglas is nothing more than the discovery of Mr. Toombs, It is simple and to the purpose. Under the auspices of Mr. Pierce the “border ruffians,” by fire, sword and terror- iem have expelled the bulk of the abolition and free soil squatters from the Territory? They are ecattered all over the North; and even if invited back, it would take them some weaks or months to complete their preparations and return. The pro-tlavery party are thus left ina majority in Kaneas; and a law of Congress providing P Convention onthe day of the Presidential elee- tion-—and providing, further, that none shall be voters in electing the members of that Conven- tion, but such persons as shal) have been resi- dents in Kansas during all the monthe of August, September and October, will fix the business, This is the new bill of Mr. Douglas. and its mean. ing ix simply thie: to take advantage of the « x- pulsion of the free scilers, and secure the admis sion of Kansas as a slave State before they retarn. VW .h thi plain statement of the cae, Mr. Dong te en ee eee ee ee TIT ae Se See een NEW “fORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JULY 3, 1856. las ake Se 1a8 My be surprised, perhaps, to read our de- clar'stion that: we go for this bill. But so it is, 80d we go for it because we may go further and are worse. We have always contended—as we how contend—that the South are entitled to at ‘east an equilibrium of power in the Se They are-—for the sake of a self-sustaining bul- wark of de‘ence ; and for the sake of peace, they are. This equilibrium of power was lost in the admission of California as a free State; but Kan- sas will restore it—sixteen slave States to six- teen ‘ree States. Let the golden opportunity, therefore, be appropriated. The Senate is sure for the new bill, and with the aid of the Fillmore men, it may be passed in the House. The late vote on the Topeka free State bill is, perhaps, good for this bill. Push it through, and let Kan- sas come in as a slave State. The South are en- titled to it as a measure of self-defence, and the “ border-ruffians” have cleared the track. Push the bill through. What if it does give a new impulse to the Fremont movement in the North, which shall sweep this section from stem to stern, overwhelming Douglas, Buchanan, Forney and the rotten democracy like an inundation? It is coming to that any how, and the sooner the better. It is among the mysterious but benefi- cent dispensations of Providenee to bring good out of evil; and what care we, though Pierce, Douglas, the democracy, and all concerned, are crushed to powder, in this Kansas movement, if it shall result in a general purification of our party politics, and in an equilibrium between the North and the South, and in settling upon this constitutiona] basis a solid peace between the two sections? Now is the time. The coast is clear. Push the bill through. “ Let the dead bury their dead.’ We must provide for the future. Tar Proriy PLuyperep—Pusiic Lanps Given Away To SrecuLarors—An Hoyesr Man iN Coxoress.—The Heraxp has from time to time called the attention of its readers to the gigantic schemes of plunder which are now concocting at Washington. It has exposed the method by which laws are pressed through Congress, giving away millions of acres of the public lands to private corporations; how they originate, how they are managed in committee, and smuggled through the House. At last we have a response from the right quarter. Virginia is aroused. Mr. Letcher, a member of Congress from that State, has come to the rescue, and his speech is worthy of the closest attention and the highest praise. The public lands are the property of the pee- ple; they form a vast domain, out of which, as the country progresses, was to be carved the cheap and fertile possessions of the industrious poor, the homes of the emigrant and the asy- lums of the exile. But speculative cupidity is at work to defeat this noble policy, so worthy of the republic aud +o favorable to humanity. Corporations for the construction of railways are rising up in every quarter where these lands lie, and, by an adroit manipulation, the most nefa- rious projects are carrried on under the sanction of Congress, It appears, from the speech of Mr. Letcher, that the system is so well contrived that it is hardly possible to resist it, Pills reported by committees, giving away mil- Nions of acres, rarely, if ever, printed, are read hastily from the Clerk's derek, and passed by the force of the previous question, almost without notice. It is urged that the lands thus given away to railway companies benefit the alternate sections which are reserved, and that the treasury is argely a gainer by the process, So far from this, it is found in practice that the land offices, upon » rise taking place, are frequently closed, or, if not, the speculators, who have obtained the grants, rush in and secure what is left. For this they immediately demand the largest prices, and the emigrant finds himself unable to purchase. In some of these Congressional grants, it is true, a price is fixed for those government lands which remain; but it is an advance of one hundred per cent at the existing valuation. Very strangely, too, the very men who have always been guard- ing the public lands as a public treasure, are now mysteriously in favor of parting with them to build up monopolies a thousand times woree than the United States Bank ever was, and who at the same time approve every which destroys an appropriation for the re- moval of obstractions in public rivers navigated with equal freedom by all the States. Mr. Letcher exposes the effects of these grants with eornest truth, and points to the disastrous consequences which will resnit and are already resulting from the enriching of these unserupu- lous and powerful corporations. Already the Mlinois Central is beginning to show its hand. In the carrying of the mails it begins to consult the interests of the towns it ix luilding up at the expense of all others. It is complained that Dubuque is beginning seriously to feel its influence exercised in favor of a rival town—Dunleith; and with its immenere resources, ite numerous dependents, and ite political power, it already menaces the independence of the State government itself. We have scen something, here at home, of the power of there companies, We, too, know what is the strength of a Central Railroad power, at Albany, and in the halls of legislation. We have feen our great eyetem of canals endangered by railroad interests, and a system of spoliation fa- vored throngh the medium of contracts and en- lorgements, whenever rattroad influence chose to widen its own track or benefit its favorites. ‘The speech of Mr. Letcher exposes the reckless and corrupt schemes which are now sweeping away the public lands; and we hope he will find himeelf supported and sustained in his opposition hy a Spartan band, who, though not numerous, will, in a good cause, be triumphant, as they de- rerve to be. Forsxey’s Letrexs ox Powrrres ano Marnino- ny.—We think that the interesting letters written by John W. Forney and addressed to George Ro- berte should be brought before the public at this important crisis. Not one half of this correspon- dence has ever been published. Part of it ap- peared several years ago, during the trial which resnited ina divorce between Forrest and his wife. That portion of Forney’ lated to the morality of getting some poor actor intoxicated, in order to procure evidence to be ueed for the advantage of one of the parties in the suit. The polit would be very curious in the present crisie we understand, Forney compl cheated by the Southern politicians. and pitches into them with unetion and vigor. We have no doubt that the whole of this Forney correspon- dence will be laid before the public at a proper } part of the correspondence In it, bitterly of being time, and will he found full of bighly interesting | dev lepemente, Mrreoro.oaicaL Humsve.—From time totime the city press has published long, stupid tirades about the weather, emanating from E. Meriam, frooklyn Heights. These articles have been the most melancholy twaddle in the world, and the only apology for giving them publicity must be ‘ound in the proverbial good nature of journalists, which sometimes leads them to bore half a million of readers rather than injure the amour propre of one correspondent who has mistaken his vocation. Mr. Meriam, who imitates a great philosopher, seems to have also the heroism of a stoic, He goes on, summer and winter, day after day, boring people with his weatherwise opi- nions, and setting up stupid theories which never even by accident happen to be verified by the facts in the case. He hasbeen burlesqued, laugh- ed at, snubbed and ridiculed for months; and yet he does not seem to know that nobody pays the slightest attention to his nonsense. We are gravely told by this philosopher, when we shiver under two overcoat, that it isa cold day. Again, when the spring rains come on—when some one has carried off our umbrellas and feloniously ap- propriated our overshoes—when we are wet to the skin and our streets are positively un- fordable—that there are indications of severe rain storms, and that Jupiter Pluvius will saturate us until he sees fitto dry up. Summer comee—the sun broils us, bakes us, and we per- spire by the hogshead. The next day the Sage of Brooklyn gratifies the world by informing it that the weather has been hot; and he will perhaps hazard the wise remark that there may possibly have been a thunder storm in some remote section of the country. If he should, by a tremendous exercise of his perceptive powers, ascertain and proclaim at the same time that the weather is good for corn, and that some of the more tender plants may have been blighted by the scorching rays of the sun, he immediately retires to the contemplation of his barometer, and is satisfied that he has eclipsed the reputation of all the savans in Christendom. Meriam always comes a day after the fair with his information, and it is bad enough to be prostrated by the heat without being told of it next day. We think it is quite time to put a stop to this humbug and get rid of this philocopher. He will be good enough, therefore, not to send any more of his trash to this office. We will not publish another line of it. Mayor Woop axD THE GovVERNORSHIP or New Yorx.—The Mayor has published a curious and characteristic letter under the caption, “Mayor Wood declines the nomination for Governor.” We do not see the document in that light, precisely, The interpretation that we give it is that Mr. Wood merely places himself on tile as one of the candidates for that high office. 'To our mind the meaning of the letter simply is, “ I will take the office if 1 can get it.” And we have no objection to his taking the office, if he can get it. It he cannot get it, how would he like to be Col- lector? One thing is certain from Mayor Wood's letter and other democratic documents recently published—there is a serious difference of opinion between the leading cliques of the democracy in thie State, and yet they conceal the real causes of the quarrel, They attempt to make it appear that the present quarrel between the hards and the softs is on account of the omission of some party formalities and technicalities. This is not the real reason. There is a Forney clique in this city and State. Already all the officeshave been par- celled off for the friends of this clique, to come in as eoon as Buchanan is elected, and the conse- quence is that the other clique take no interest in restoring union and harmony. This is thereal difficulty. And this is the same difficulty that ruined Van Buren in 1840, that ruined Cass in 1848, and that will ruin Buchanan in 1856. I they want to heal the differences in the democra- tie party in this State Forney is not the doctor to be called in to attend the sick patient. Movements or Cot. Founny.—Desirous of keeping the democracy apprized of the move- ments of Mr, Forney, we republish his latest ficial proclamation, which is as follows :— Coxvexnox Ry Aseunten.—The Hon. hy Ives, having withdrawn his name as a candidate fer Surveyor General, in a communication addressed to the Demecratie State Central Committee, at its last meet tr g in Hartieberg, a resolution was adepted by that com _ calling pen the officers and delegates of the last Catic State Convention to assemble at Chambers Wednesday, the 6h day of Angust next, at 10 k ALM. to eo & candidate for Surveyor e), to Mh the wi ereatod by the declination of ted to meet at the time and place aboy for the purpose stated JOHN W. FORNEY, Chairman. 6. ¢, Wrens, Tore G, MeKaxuse, J Peeretaries. In ihe meantime we are informed that Mr. Forey is laying lis pipe in every direction for the cholee of proper democratic candidates for the next Congress, picking out the right men and Llckbelling all unsatisfactory aspirants, whether in New York, Pennsylvania, or Wicconsin. The coffee and the pickings and the perquisites of the Hov-e clerk and the kitehen at Washington are worth having; and under Mr. Buchauan, Mr. Forney could, perhaps, make his profits double the rich harvest he has reaped under Mr. Pierce. Nor is this all. The Washington Union is doomed. A new organ, under the especial auspices of Mr. Torney, is to be started there, just as the old Gicle was started when Gen. Jackson got tired of Gen. Dutt Green's Telegraph. Accordingly, we learn that a large subscription is on foot for this new Buebanan and Forney organ at Washington. Let all the faithful who would keep on the weak side of Mr. Buchanan apply to Mr. Forney. Tne Harmoxtots Democracy ov Missovnt ayn New York.—The Miseouri democracy, in order to make eure work for Mr. Buchanan, have pat up two Buchanan electoral tickets —one Beaton, one anti-Benton—the first of the Van Buren free coil type, the second of the regular aigyer driving border ruffian school. Between these two stool: Mr. Buchanan will probably come to the ground in Missouri. In New York the brotherly affvc- tion so Jong subsisting between the hard: aad softs ecems by no means to have been extinguish d by the Cincinnati Convention, The hards at firet proposed a State Convention, for the pur- pore of choosing a Buchanan electoral ticket, &c., on the 6th of August, refusing the soft per- evasion of a combined convention. The softs thereupon appointed the 50th of July for a State Convention of their faction, which would leave the brethren ae harmonious as at fee Iasi fall election, But, with “ the cober ceoemd thought,” the bards have re-considered their motion, and called their State Convention to met at the same time and place ae the softs, with a view to a re: conciliation. The rofts have thus gained an i portant point, and may command their owa terme; and if they do not require rome for their ccurvy treatment at ( witi, then we must cay that Mr. Cochrane is not the man of pluck be has been taken for. One fy must be macter, They can't both rule. aa verve two masters.” We shal! reparation tion ev thy other Ne hen se, Grorce Law Again ww THE Freip.—We un- derstand that Live Oak George Law will again make his appearance in the political world pre- vious to retiring to the Dry Dock and being tho- roughly overhauled for the campaign of 1860. He will come out, we hear, in a prodigiously strong letter, full of vigor, and cutting up Fill- more and the old fogy politicians in tremendous sledge hammer style. Good, Live Oak George! Don’t give us too much of it, Live Oak George! Board of Health—The Streets of the City. THE QUESTION OF SOAP AND MOROCCO FACTORIES AND DOG KENNELS—CLOSING CASTLE GARDEN AS AN EMIGRANT DEPOT AGITATED. ‘The Board of Health met yesterday at half past two o’cleck P, M., in the chamber of the Board of Councilmen, City Halt, Councilman Swan was called to the chair. Apreliminary discussion took place as to making the meeting ap open meeting. Alderman Ery stated that on acconnt of the meetings of the Board being held with closed doors, a rumor had gotcurrent that an epidemic prevailed in the city. This report had gone to other cities, and in Philadeiphia and Boston advantage bad been taken of it to lead thither merchants to buy their goods, which had ope- rated injuriously to the city. As the public bealth ‘was at present, he saw no reason to hold their meetings privately. It induced to unnecessary alarm the citizens, and kept people from coming to the city, The subject was talked over at further ength, when a motion to have the session open to the yublic prevailed. In a short time the chamber of the Boara was crowded, Aldetman Barker, from the ‘ial commitiee ap- pointed atfthe last meeting to report upon the conditign of the streets of the city, and the best mode to insur: ‘ir healthful condition, made a verbal report, He stated that the committee had had the Commissioner of Streets and Lamps before them, and received explanations from ‘him as to what he was doing to put the streets in a ir and cleanly condition, The Commissioner told them that the appropriation for cleani streets was exhausted within about $40,000; but, with this amount at his dispo- sal he was doing all he could to make the strects chan and healthy, As to the First ward, of which there bad been the loudest complaint, he excused himself from neglect in the apparent want of attention to the streets of this ward from having hala negligent Street Inspector in the ward. This Ins; he bad diemieved, and everything was done that could be to restore the streets in this ward toa proper condition, a8 to the condition of the streets generally throughout the city, the Com nisgioner as=ured them that they were in a better conditi'n how than they had been for years. In couclusion, Alderman Harker stated that the committee had no reason to apprehend any detriment to the public health from the condition of the streets, with proper vi- xilance on the part of the Commissioner of Streets and amor. They recommendee that the Commissioner go on and do bis duty as best he could with the means at Lis command, and report weckly to the Com- mon Council what be had done each week and the expenditures; and, further, with a@ view to call his attention to’ specific’ localities requiring ciate attention, to require the police captaing rent Wards to report weekly to tue Mayor the condition of the streets in their respective wards, with power to enlorce ordivances as to the removal of gar. Lage, oflal, kc. The report was accepted, and the re- commendations passed upon as Fesolutions and adopted. ‘The special committee (Councilman Barnes, chairman) appointed to inquire into the condition of several soap fretories, leather factories and other manufactories a - ic Humances, prevented a lengtiy written y stated that they had visited and heard the evidence of a large ) umber of citizens touching a soap candle factory, situated at No, 318 West Seven- th rtrect, @ mocrocea ey located at 102 Fast histy-third etreet, between Loxington and Third aviLuer, aud s place where birds and dogs were kept, at the commer of Murray and Greenwich streets. As to the soap factory, they could not pronounce it injusjous to the public health, Dut its odor was very disa- giecable. To prevent this, they recommended that the prop ti ilers, to Co gway with any otfensive gases. As to the m0 co factory, they pronounced this not as being un- 1 in ite «Hfeets, Dut badly managed. They recom- “i that the owner be directed to keep the same cleanly, wrcer the direction of the City Inspector. ‘They prenour ced similarly upon the bird and dog depot. ‘This report was adopted, and their recoum au Aborized to be carried out, ‘A cumunicebon Was received from the Oty I calling ention of the Board to the heads and horns bones. and other substances, lying on the leged as re} ort, north side of Fortwth street, between Tenth and Eleventh avenues, and to lai heaps of mavure laying iu Thiryy- sixth ani Toitieth streets, respectively. between th vente and the Kast river. It was finted tLat the prevent condition of these refuse of ani- mals end manure heaps, under a hot and broiling son, end ext sed to the raib, wae endangering the health those resident in thetr vicinity The communieation and action © ¢ matters therein referred to, were referred to the Committee on Nuisances just having reported. Couns ilmon © srr, of the First ward, sow called from the tal the follow ag preamble aud resolution, preseat- last meeting:-— the «migrant depot established at Castle Garden sek ners of Eusgration is a grievous nuisance Tving and doing business in the immediate vict is Uhely, fom the number of emigranis constantly frem ¥ « kurepean and other ports, to breed agious, or pestilential disense, which ckly disseminated throughout the city, motthe year, said depot being under hereby ouch a calamity might be therefore Inspector be, and he is hereby, mmUicsioners of on to re Garden, and in case of thelr nd legal measures inthe pre said depot, endangering the wile Garden be closed untill the bof this city, and said frei coy cf October next. The revolution being read, Councilman Sarma stated that he lus! several aflidayite of leading and influential citizens inthe First ing Castle Garden, as at pre sent Ne vs of Emigration, as an emigrant nd dangerous to the public beulth, it was read by the Clerk:— ty of New ¥ duly sworn, the eity of New atway and Natery pl c has re. « during the five years Insl past; that he is weil he premises known as Caste Garden, tn said part of the public ground ealied the Vavtery; that aid Castle Garden is mow used by the ot Einigration, the York and By nd the New York F, Conklin and others, as a landing of and for all grant passengers arriving at the port ot New York, as and tore in the oy elt ‘character; thal dally and engers are ‘upon sent and the ¢ ‘cemmaniiiing the mont ding gration, bulsaners, Ga.ly stich emigrant passengers are turned from said Garden dieetly upou said! Battery, acrows which, with their luggage, evel in ere or lot about therein, to the prevention of the tse of the by our own citizens ae an atiactive and healthy promenade, that carts loaded with the peree nd luggage OF ranta are daily eat Bat er Amick and diseased emigrants are fequonty rhe Castie Garden, and that such in the danger fre passengers, U none in Rent's krowledge have been seriously and dangeromsly ill of ship fever contracted from contact with such emigranta, that another nuinarce srising from this canse mber of emigrant runners about and cometines the co thon of bo ue reg at ta disgreertul im foot ‘Two other affidavits were read, setting forth substan- tially the . ame facts. Covneiiman Pivckxey moved to refer the resolution ard ailitavity to the Committee on Nuisances. Counel an SS1TH aged immediate action upon the re He said that thirteen bundred citizens of the 1 were in imminent danger daily of contagious from Covtle Garden being sllowed to be used as t depot i man Moous moved, a9 the -quckest way to setue the cittculty avd save the public from pretaature death, that (aetle Garden be moved to Governor's Island. Aceiman brows loeisted that the present was a matter not to be talket dghtly of. ht was 4 calling for immediate action, had iy for weeks urgel by his coustinents the removal of this depot ‘pon the Heed ith, end it Was for the security of the pultic hewith He was opposed to a reference of the committee, as the Board might not meet hr a month. nan Curtun said he could pot vote intelligently vpon the whet then. He had never been tw Castle Gorden, but be had heen tolt that everything was kept tu the be t order. and every precaution tiken vt to pre: Jucwe the pobue health. Alderman TeCRR® © he hod been there, aud contd te tity toeversthing being kept end cleaa, and the om ipTent® apparently well prow Avietmun Ramamn urged that wer of sickpene fret Cimgrents Inuding at Castle Garden was more to the vewels they came in not being properly cleansed end mimigeted. Re offered aso substitute the following resol Rusotved, That the Health Oficer of this port be, and he is Lereby mirceed to franehip, on suitable Iigh'ers, all eraigrant iving nt this’ port, and to Tumigate, vent TWise ‘leunee the Fesnels in which they shall have wr: whenever the eundition of sold passengers oF voewebs nite the maine (0 be dowe for the protection of (he pub: Alder nan Brows said this would not afford the protec tion exdied for. He ai'eged that the returns of mortality intreduet of the etatgrant on Savion © yl for the ev tthe mower or the resolation w trommert, and that it wae net ans Public heath, but beet 9 the Commisete Eration, that t u 1 fever, te & oppased Councilinen PRILTeR protested egalust the action of the Ponce Cor pei’man Wareme pronounced it as the worst of gag rem some romorks which We baat owe towhing 4 2 in tbe he p hom when be or tm What ip © ibe Mayor. ctor Le instructed to construct condensers over the” Our Chine Correspondence, Oy Boaxp SieaMsuir FreRy ge From Singaroxe To Carcurta, Feb. 24, 1 } The Philosophy of Chinese History—The Lewons whtch ib Teaches—Secret Political Societies in the Celestial Empire— Their Objects and Influence—The War of Great Britain with China—Iis Benefits to the Commerce of the Wortt—Origin of Present RebeltionIte True Causes Explained—Chris” ty Nut ile Mainspring, as is Erroncously Spposed—Com- parison between the Rowmish and Protestant MissivutrierRe- semblance between the Romish and Buddhist Forms of Worship— * Extraordinary Spread of Education among»! the Chinese Popit~ £ lation—National Characteristics, Ge., Ge. Four hundred millions of human beings, whose ancea- tra) history shows civilization before the Western world— whose wonderful country reaches some three thousand miles from north to south, and two thousand miles from east to west, covering the broad expanse of some five of six millions of square miles, of mountains, ranges, an@ fertile valleys, lakes and rivers—the immensity of whicky isa source of astonishment to all who make the inquiry; whose religion is older than the Pope or the Protestants Bible, coming down from ages before Buddha, the tradi- tionary prince whe knew every language; whose virgin wife possessed thirty-two virtues, and lived a thousand years before our Saviour’s time, though Confacius, that wonderful scholar, moralist and divine, whose light com~ menced to shine some six centuries before the Christian. ¢ra, and whose doctrines have found their way into more temples, households and hearts than any other sage or impostor that ever wrote a composition, not forgetting: Mahomet, (whose strange birth, life and death, our bril- liant author of the Hudson has invested with additionay interest,) and Mencino, a young man when Confucius was getting gray, also had received his share of posthumous fame—whose strange habits and manners are taught the rising generation of the West, in their earliest session at school—whose enormous produetions of teas and silks,, of porcelain and of ivory, of cotton, of rice, and of articlees of ornament and luxury, more than sufficient for their own wants, have done so much of late years—the former two particularly—for Anglo-Saxon and European com- merec—I say that such a wonderful race, equal to nearly one-half the population of the world, governed by omer bead, and governed far better than some modern nations, scattered over a country whose magnificent public worke: startle the beholder into admiration for their very magni~ tude, creates surprise. Such a people and such a country: may well prove the subject of the deepest contemplation. ‘The fact of one’s having been even at the outer gate of such an immense Empire—termed, in the fiowery lan- guage of the people, that of the “Ten Thousand Kingdoms, and @ the Four Seas under the Heayens’’—of having, lived and moved, even for a shorttime, with them and. among them, and visited some of their chief sea coast cities, is food for much reflection. The geographical pic- ture bovk of the primary school makes one familiar with the mammoth border wall, now twenty centuries old— which, however, was no more credit to the Chinese con- queror of the border races than the grand canal—that ce- lebrated work made by milhons of men, and costing: millions of dollare—the great national highway of the Middle Kingdom, was creditable to its originator and the- Mongol monarch who completed it. Each astonish, both captivate the mind, for their greatoess. A thou- sand years ago our own ancestors, before Alfred, coule not boast such civilization as the natives of Asiatic China. Even in the thirteenth century feudal England and en- lightened Eu Jaughed at the glaring statements of the great merchant and navigator, Marco Polo, when be returned from his long residence in the imperial domi- nions; and even later the same wise men would no® give credence to the wild stories of the sailor eon of tha: great Venetian discoverer. ‘This was an imj ut time in the history of the nation, for it was about commencement of the Ming dynasty, which for three centuries—from 1368 to 1044—snriched the Fmpire with those great tea walls, #0 massive and so strong; and canals, whore utility is still acknowledged ; ‘and bridges of solid masonry, and other extensive public works, which have been so instrumental in developing: the prolific resources of the kingdom. Vagodas on the hill side, towering over forest trees, and more often on. the mountain’s summit; temples of rich and elaborate workinanship, and Budchist nionasteries, thet tell of long: years of patient toil—all were constructed during this Teign. Bot it is a mistake to imagine that, poi sally, this prosperous reign, ali was quiet; sor han ae frst, bas sigpally been conyulsed with internal revolu ~ tion. Between the years 1420 (saya Hue, in, his in- teresting accountof his war through the heart of the Run- pire), when Gaul was entered by the Franks, and 1644, ibe year of the quest, the age of the Fourteenth. twelve hundred years, tatesmen tbe reigning, Gybasty fifteen separate times; but France all the while bad only changed but twice, says the French writer. Before the war western nations knew but little and cared: less what took place trom day today, and hence few thought of the fearful political storm, during the og above mentioned, that occasionally swept through the country; but in 1644 the boldness and skill of the no- madic’ trives—although the odds were so muck agaiu<d them—gave the Tartars China, for they crossed the walls, vonquered the celestial ermy, with the heip, movt likely, of some of ite own officers, Wok the couutry, and made Pekin one of the chief cities of the place—afier Nankiny yure, This was an age of chipelago; the Portuguese were getting a foothold im Macao; the Spanish were introducing ther tron rule to» the islanders on the Phillippines; and the Pilgeims, fur- ther, were slowty driving the aboriginal American fur- ther injand, while Tartary was conquering Chua. Chey succeeded, aud the long tail and shaven heat, which ther mowern Chinaman fe «0 fond of, is only a bodge of servi~ tud+—the emblem of the Mantchow monarch to chow & conquered race. In 1¢44, the Tartars overthrew the existing monarch, and in epite of all opporition, Emperors have died, and their successors have filled their places; cabinets bave faded away and been replaced again; re Hons have been nuule, and rebel leaders executed, and yet the Mant ch ull hold the reins of guvernment. Even the Inte. king, Tacu-Kwanz, in 1¢69, was laid in bis omega grave, and the present bey emperor was placed in the umperi palace without the least pohtieal movement. |, never the cetet Socictics jucreage in magnitnds, aud the to overthrow, wh: a the op- dynasty; and the ory of the uppermost in bis mind, bus id death to the Tartar, The Drng party societies are ever ac tive for their respective loaders, Even at Singapore, they: had to fgbt it out some eighteen months ago—a politica’ squabble that ended in great lors of [feared bad not thee Enropeane interfered, helwne in the ing bietory of the pa- itted the period of the with irs half million of men and women, Low voonpies| the very city where Sir Henry Pottinger eo at tisfactorily comeluded th aty of 1842, whi pective governny ft» Abe opiem question—the treatment of the Briteh mer- chants by Lin, and the exclusive measures of the Chix erpment, occasioned remonstrances first, and] of the assault was onl one foothold after another eurrendered, 1de imperial mo poe began to grow pele, avd yg personal safe Ohirg-hae in March, Chapon, Wooeung, i. ane Chin Kiangfeo, shortiy after in 1842—all ili vetore thal British forces, etartliog the whole Chinese nat'oa from ite opiate slonbers, eod weekeving at every victory the! 4 ‘Ss power—ne wonder the Mantchow ta bas ty inetreetions to 1 to top the tian, and make a treaty no matter what the terms Jnvgrage widely the he Which the same monareh few years only before. No wonder that he x his power and trembled for hie throne—ne wonder be bad made arrangs ments fo flee into bie trigotary de ferte in Sanchowsia, for to all appearances the wat +tife of the Deitel would shortly knock down all the cities in the king¢om. I believe at thiy time so frightened went that the kaglish pation could beve mw Mivistors at Pekin, made for getting whipped — tial cach box—the fell waaion pay 400,000 from opening of the ci was sntistied ; ant y thank ber stars thet she has had the chance of ene the rame Cage oo withont do. a kin relieved edverd the respect with whic hetd Lim. in every jeestbie ‘ae keta from the he! of the people heoten. Such a thing as reform i+ hardly Keown ia «ee history—unless Tmay mention the movemunt that Lightly aecemplished Indy who sore ifieon oF twer farne brongit enares acoaged by lect broke her heart, and pation mourned her great toes. Many eappose: that the ceath of the Inte Emperor would oc wien rev Jution ond bheocehed regarding the gnocesion—bat seems that the Mantchon child Wf the Tartar coneabin) of @ the Cabinet wi Emperor ts vp dermini tiander nud feet the jate rebellions ley * the urticlee in the Ge. iead the ramen reads i holds the Tamper ial ary bas yet boon < with military disci ptin n be emok 1 vis