The New York Herald Newspaper, May 20, 1856, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. | eee JAMES GORDUN SENNETT, PROPSIGCOR 4ND eD<TOR. QPFICE H.W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND POULTON ETS. Fae bale ¥ ron 2 87 per anmum. THE WEEKLY HERALD vocry Saturday at 6% conte per morn, or BS yor annum: the Buropern edition $4 pet ‘aamum. io ‘part of Crest Briksin or 85 10 amy part 07 the Continent COR PRINTING executed with meainese, chaapucee and dee A PEDVERTISEMENTS rene canis por py, ook every day. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, Way TH Breadwer-Laxy Me Five eres outy Tueves, oR Painr ‘BE, x L. rr Muses rEKs—DaiBy WIBLO'G GARDEN, Broslwer—Youne Baneiek on tae TIGHT HOPE —SRAPSICHOKR a ALOLM, BOWRRY THEATRE sowery—Paci Pax—Tow Devi's Buxer~JEw 2Nv LocroR BURTON'S THEATRE Ceamders street—Axv¥ Brace— Wsep Ur—Tae Foose actsnss. WALLAOK’S THZATAS, Sroadway—Tar Scpeian—Tae Bast Day. MAGA KREKES Viniasibs, Broadwey--Lioy or Lyoxs—mu Wire's Minnon BROADWAY VARIevies, <2 Sroadway—Fus Mata (qoues, oy THe Woon 4 dansu /ovesia Sounpiaxs WOOD'S MINSTEELS, 444 Broedway—Srmicrum Mour- pmmmisy—Twe MescuIEvoUs MONKEY. BMPIRW HALL. 96 Breed ray—Tascrsve wy tHe CrLE- peasep Kuzies Pioure—doncs, "Y Mam, LOVARYY, AC, PA HALL, 5 sedway -Dionama or qe Bar- sown—Vewtimoqnism —Fatky Lax, &, RF GALLERY, 47 Broadway—Vacanie PABEINGs any StarcanT—MaaTYupow oF Hose, do, ABERNACT®, Broadway —Gnixp Cowoenr, ey THE KLYN ATEENAUM, Brook! oun LaGkaNce, L. M. Gorirceank, dc. Last Concert, New York, ©uesd2y, May 2U, 1856. Mails for Europe. WEWYORK HEZALD—EDITION FOR EUROPE. @onard mail steamship America, Capt. Wickman, Jeave Boston, on Wednenday, st noon, fer Liverpool. \ Phe Buropean mails will clore ia thie sity at a quarter tee two e’clock this afternoon. ‘he Hans (printed in English and French) will be padlished st ten o’clock in the morning. Single copies, sxpence. Gebaiies pee advertisements for any edition of the ‘Maw Youk Hens will be received at the following places im Earope:— Lemos— 5 Co,, 17 and 18 Cornhill. Cee ca viace de la Bouree, Lavmoc:— do. do. 7 Rumford street. Lavearco:—John Bunter, 12 Exchange street, East. The contenta of the European edition of the BxnaLp will embrace the news received by mail and telegraph at the office during the previous week, and to the hour of patliestion Malls fer the Pacific. ‘HE NEW YORK HERALD—CALIFOENIA EDITION. ‘The United States mail steamship George Law, Captain Berndon, will leave this port this afternoon, at two @cleck, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific {WA lose at one o'clock. ‘The New York WEEKLY HERatp—California edition— sontaning the latest intelligence from all parts of the wor'd, will be published at eleven o’elock in the morning. Single copier, in wrappers, ready for mauling, sizpence. Agente will please send im their orders as early as pos- sible. ‘whe Hews. The news from Mexico is important, and we com- mend the letter of our correspondent to our readers ‘eoth in bank parlors and Bible societies. Amongst the personal incidents mentioned in our advices there are a few deserving of note. Capt. Hansen, ef the Mexican navy, well known in this city from his guano speculations, was killed by two sailors on board his man-of-war schooner Suerte, recently, & few leagues off the port of Acapulco. General Almonte is making preparations to leave for England, to which country he has been named as Minister. Manuel Payno, Minister of Fi mance, will accompany him to Europe, on a mission to the Court of Berlin. Mr. Schleiden, Minister to the United States from the Hanseatic cities, who is now in Mexico, will soon return to his post in Wash- ington. He has been unsuccessful in negotiating a commercial treaty, in consequence of the illness of De Ja Rosa, the Mexican Minister of Foreign Affairs. General La Vega has been sent prisoner to (the eastic of Perote for publishing his opiniens about the order of government reducing the rebel officers at Puebla to the rank of common soldiers. He cen- sured the order as a breach of confidence, as unwise, and unjust. Inthe sugar district of Cuautia, south of Mexico, the peons have refused to work uatil higher wages are paid. It is supposed this move- ment will prove disastrous to the crop. There is much conversation in Mexico about the bark Sirene, with a genera] impression that she was not lost by accident. An American paper called the Extraordinary will soon be published in the capital, in the English lan- guage. Mr, William Moran isto be the editor and proprietor. Admiral Zerman, who was captured at La Paz, in Lower California, with abont a hundred Americans, has gone down to Guerrero to see Gen. Alvarez, but he has not been received. The /! i cans are said to be only a few leagues distan: m Mexico, on their tramp to visit President Comon- fort. Gen. Gadsden, the American Minister in Mexico, hes returned to the United States on leave. He is said to be very ill, and especially sick of the administration at Washington. Being a millionaire, and of much influence in the Palmetto State, he returns to defeat a re- nomination at the Cincinnati Convention, and is fully prepared to pitch into Caleb Cushing particn- larly, into Governor Marcy generally, into the Brigadier extensively, aod into the Cabinet pro- miscuously. He will “a tale unfold” much larger than a cotton plantation handkerchief with new pictures on it of the Mesilla Valley treaty, and of the three million drafts recently paid. From data acquired in Mexico he thinks some of thie money may yet be found about Washington. By the bye, what has become of Senator's Hale's call for the correspondence? President Comonfort is now in fall communion with the puro, or demo- eratic party, with whom he is universally popular. His sentiments have recently undergone a great change in their favor. Outside pressure, including his American friends, may have had some weig!:: with him in adopting this line of policy. All the papers extol the liberal measures of the Mexican government. By the arrival of the Cahawba yesterday we have letters from Havana to the 14th inst. They contain but few items of interest. Mr. Blythe, of Mississippi, who has accepted the appointment of Consul at Havana, was shortly expected ont. The French sloop of war Penelope waa to leave at the end of the week for Nicaragua. The accounts from the inte- rior in regard to the crops were more faverable, but it is thought that they will fail far short of an average yield. The theatrical season has just closed, the weather being too warm even for musical en thusiasm. Paul Jullien was about to sail for France We have dates from Neuvitas (Cuba) to the 3d inst. The port was healthy and business active The sugar crop promised well. An agent of a wealthy company in Spain had arrived, and was negotiating for a tract of twenty thousand acres of crown lande, southwest of the city, intending to plant an extensive vineyard and grow tobacco. Our correspondent at Georgetown, Barbadoes, writing on the 1st inst., says:—The weather is very fine, with copious showers of rain, which are of in- finite service not only to native produce but in filling the tanks and cisterns to overflowing. The manufacture of sugar is in fall operation, and the yield will be over an average one, but the quality will be inferior to that of last year. Anad valorem <oty of three perecent is levied on all importations «xcept the following:—Fruit and vegetables, fresh wrate apd fish, liye pod dead stock (except horses, mules dnd cattle), sheep, manure, machinery for agricultural purposes, printed manuscripts, books and papers,and specimens illustrative of nataral history, with seeds, roots, &c. of flowering plants. Our accounts from Kansas are quite exciting, if true. One thousand men had responded to the call of the United States M: ,and had encamped near Lawrence and Lecompton, for the avowed pur- pose of enforcing the territorial laws. In Lawrence fifteen hundred men, armed to the teeth, were pre- pared to resist all attempts at arrest. Gov. Shannon had sevt a posse to Missoari to arrest Robinson. Reeder had fed, but the officers were im hot pursuit of him. Mr. Brown, editorof the Herald of F eedom, had been arrested while attempting to escape, Sherif Jones was expected soon to be about. His successor—Judge Fane, of Geergia—had been shot at twice while in the discharge of his duties, A despatch from Washington states that our gov- ernment has taken efficient measures to prevent the traffic in coolies, Americans in China are warned to desist, as they by continuing the trade forfeit the protection of their government and incur heavy penalties. In the United States Senate yesterday messages were received from the President vetoing the bills for the improvement of the mouth of the Mississippi and the flats of the St. Clair rivers. Mr. Cass an- neunced his intention of speaking upon the Cramp. ton imbrogiio at an early day. Mr. Samner com- menced an elaborate address on the Kansas ques- tion, and had not concluded at the adjournment. In the Honse Mr. Wheeler’s resolution authorizing the dispatch of a national vessel with whatever contri- butions may be made forthe relief of the Cape de Verde sufferers was adopted. A bill making an appropriation for the survey of Harlem river was presented, and reterred to the Committee on Com- merce. The Board of Supervisors met yesterday. Neither the Mayor nor the Recorder being present, Mr- Clancy submitted the question that the Board could not legally transact business in their absence. The Chair decided that the Board was properly consti- tuted, and on an appeal being taken this decision was sustained by @ vote of twelve to four. The Assessors’ and some other bills were referred to the appropriate committees. In the Board of Aldermen last evening a propo- sition was made to re-letter and number the strects, but it was rejected as an effort to provide fat jobs for the friends of the Street Commissioner. T.ie Central Park matter was again called up, and the report of the Councilmen making the Mayor and Street Commiasioner a Board of Commissioners for the laying out and management of the Park, and the employment of all persons necessary for its completion, was adopted, after some opposition from a few members, who designited it as a ras cally job, a swindle, &c., &c. The Mayor sent in a communication, nominating A. V. Stout, President of the Shoe and Leather Bank, to the office of City Chamberlain, in the room of the late Robert Kelly; but this was laid on the table. The Board of Councilmen last evening passed a resolution tendering the hospitalities ef the city to Mr. Fillmore on his return from abroad, and ap- propriating $1,000 to defray the expense. The Legislative committee on the inspection of tenement houses in New York and Brooklyn will meet at the office of the City Inspector, No. 6 Centre street, on Thursday next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. Full reports of yesterday's proceedings of the Old and New School Presbyterian General Assemblies are given in today’s paper. In the first named, majority and minority reports from the committee on the slavery question were presented and read. They are interesting documents. There was rather more buoyancy in the cotton market yesterday, with sales of from 2,000 a 2,500 bales, a good part of which was in transitu. Mid- Gling uplands cloged at about 10jc. Flour was duil for common grades, and firm for medium and upper qualities, with more activity in the market. Wheat was in more animated request, with sales of about 30,000 bushels, at prices given in another column, Corn was in fair request, and closed at about last week's prices. Pork was inactive, wiih salesof mozs at $19, and in retail lots at $19 25. Sugars were in fair request, and sales of all kinds footed up about 700 hhds., at prices stated in another place. Coffee was quiet, owing to the public sale to come off to day. Freights were offering to a fair extent, and about 50,000 bushels grain and 3,000 barrels flour were engaged for Liverpool, at prices given else- where. ‘Te Cinecinnat) Convention—Ciasalfication of the Delegates—Kztimates of tne Juggiers, From a careful examination of the best ao- ceesible authorities, we have made up for the information of our readers the following classi- fication of the delegates to the Cincinnati Democratic National Convention. It will ve recollected fhat at the last Convention at Baltimore, in 1852, it was decreed that each State at the next Convention should be en- titled to a number of delegates equal to twice the number of its votes in the Electoral Col- lege, and no more ; but of course the dele- gates, whether twice or ten times the number of the electors, will only cast the electoral vote of the State; and in cases where there may be but one delegate from some distant State, we presume that he will be considerei as good as fifty, according to the precedents of Gen, Rucker, from Tennessee, and Gen. Commander, from South Carolina. CLASSIFICATION, Kerthern mejority.. SOUTHEEN STATES. Buchanan, Pierce.” Douglas, Hunter. 4 pal a 3 ‘ile 3s R ~ sz 6 - wae 7 om per 10 = oa 8 a - 7a = = 3 1 6 06 7 5 STATES. Prerce. Douglas. Dick’n 7 a 18 = me 8 4 so 1 7 =- = fi 12 ~ 1 6 ea - — = 5 — -_- 7 a pe = 6 3 = 4 = pia 1 4 is _- 2 -_ a a a ° 6 62 tes—adminsion doi ve the two States, 44, ore ee RECAPITULATION. ju » Pierce. Douglas, H. & D. Soutbern vote. 6 "7 . 5 Northern vote. 4 47 1 These estimates are based upon a rigid divi- sion as between Buchanan, Pierce and Doug- las, and upon the presumption that both seta of delegates from New York and Missouri will be rejected. What else can be expected in rv- ference to New York but the rejeetion of the hards on account of their Know Nothingism and hostility to Mr. Pierce’s administration, and the expulsion of the softe because of their NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, MAY 20, 1856. tree soil affiliations? The seme rule reversed applies exactly to the softe and hards of Mis- souri. But in order to give the best possible thowing for Buchanan, let us assume that both sete (as in 1848) from New York are admitted, and the same with Missouri. Let us‘further assume that the vote ot New York will be given for Buchanan, which woald increase his strength to 126 votes, and that the vote of Miecouri will be thrown for Pierce, ewelling his vote to 116, there will still remain, com- bining the vote of Pierce, Douglas and the scattering, a mejority of forty against Bu- chanan, Now for the estimates of the jugglers. Pierce’s strength in the Convention is not tona side, but fictitious and moveable; but though not adapted for hia nomination, it may be used by him to defeat his adversaries, eape- cially Busbanan. The strength of Douglas is in the Northwest; but he may perhaps pick up bandsomely in the East and South by first strangling Buchanep, and secondly by chok- ing off Pierce. Thus we see that with both Pierce and Douglas the first ohject is the bow- string toBuchanap. Pierce torms the horizon- tal line, Dougiss the perpendicular, and Hua- ter the bypothenuee to the triangle, thus clos- ing up a perfect mathematical figare. Next come in the little side iesues and contingent calculations. For instance, the Pierce or Douglas men whisper to Howell Cobb, “Go for us, and Georgia will be very apt to get the Vice President;” and they may work upou old Virginia or Tennessee by the same tempting bait of a prospect, by a little playing off and on, of the Pre- sidential nomination itself. In this con- nection, Messrs. Hunter and Mason, of Vir ginia, would doubtless consent to the execu- tion of “Old Buck” without remorse; aud per- haps even Aaron V. Brown and Andrew Joha- son, of Tennersee, to say nothing of General Pillow, would submit to the repudiation of “Pennsylvania’s favorite son” without shed- Ging a tear. In the outset the opposition to Buchanan have a decided majority in the Convention, al- lowing for all possible mistakes in our esti- mates, A majority adopt the rules. It is the interest of this majority and its various parts first to get Buchanan out of the way. They will do this, we apprehend, after the old fasbion—first, by the adoption of the two-thirds rule; and secondly, by @ prolonged bombard- ment against Buchanan, which will ultimately result in bringing over some of his fishy sup- porters, at a high price, to some new and mar- vellously proper man. The two-thirds rule has never been used by these democratic conven- tione to elevate anybody—but always as a bludgeon with which to knock some trouble- some fellow in the head. In 1832 it was adopt- ed, not for the purpose of securing the re-no- mination of Jackson, but to kill off Calhoun as Vice President; in 1836 it was adopted as the only expedient for getting Col. Dick Johnson and his wife and family out of the house, but it failed; in 1840, im order to make sure work of Col. Johnson, the cunning democracy declined making any nomination for Vice Pra- eident; but here the people would have saved them any trouble on account of Col. Johnson, as was illustrated in the whirlwind election of Oid Tippecanoe and Tyler too. In 1844, the Van Burenites, after working this two-thirds rule for twelve years, con- cluded to dispense with it; but at the Baltimore Convention of that year the enemies of “the Little Magician” applied his guillotine to the inventor, and took off his head. In 1848 it was adopted again to keep up appearances; and yet the result in the elec- tion was that the Van Barenites straightened out the two-third nominee stiff and cold, with about one-fourth of the popular vote of New York. In 1852, all the old hold-over White House aspirants, and all the new ones, rallied upon the two-thirds rule. Each as the best possible method for killing off his rivals and clearing the way for himeelf; and all of them were sent adrift. It was not until thirty-five ballots had been cast, and one man had positively refased the nomination, that the real man for the crisis was discovered to be nobody else than Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire. Daniel S. Dickin. son made Franklin Pierce President in that re fusal of the democratic nomination; and now, if a Dickinson delegate gets into the Cincin- nati Convention it will be because he will have dodged the vigilance of Mr. Pierce ‘against all such heretics and outlaws. So much for the two-third rale. It will be applied again, When we consider that with a handsome mejority in his support at the Con- ‘vention of ’44, Van Buren was subjected to the two-third rule by @ majority voting against him for its adoption, what else can be antici- pated in 1856 but the same rule against Bucha- nan, with a decided majority combined against him, in addition to all the plunder of the ad- ministration? , Finally, when we look at the disgraceful trickery of the jugglers at Balt more in 1852, at the labors of the mountain and at the nibbling of the mouse of which it was delivered, what else can we expect at Cincin- nati but the rejection of Buchanan and all other candidates standing in the way of each other, and the proclamation of another discovery of another great man in some obscure and inof- fensive backwood’s county court lawyer? Our prediction then, is, that the enemies of Bucha- nan will first combine to destroy him; that hay- ing done that work, they will next, piece-meal, destroy themselves; and that, finally, for the sake of the “ public plunder,” they will unite upon some unoffending outsider whom they all moet heartily despise. A Nor ror tHe Kyow Norutnos.—We have before us a list of the members and officers of the last Assembly of this State, with their places of birth, &c. There are 149 in all; alarge portion of whom it will be remembered were elected as Know Nothings. Their constituents will be amazed to learn that the only man eut of the whole party who was of American parentage was Francis B. Spinola, whose fa- ther was an Irishman, and mother an Ameri- can. Not one of the others was sprung from natives, either on the father’s or mother’s side. The fathers of the 149 were as follows: — 1 The mothers were of foreign birth (with the exception of Mr: Spinola) in about the same proportion. After this, we think the natives had best turn their attention to new pursuits and prin- ciples, The Treaty—Russia Before and Since—fer Limits, In order to comprehend the resulte of the treaty of Paris, and to show what hae been effect- ed by the war, we must look back at the steps taken by Russia within the last fifcy or sixty yeare to aggrandise herselt at the expense of her neighbors. In 1800, Sweden was still a dis tinguiehed Power, and with the memories of her Vasasand her Charleses, kept all her enemies at bay, The frontier lime of Russia on the north was then sbout fifty miles in advance of the White Sea, including Olonetz, a territory lying between Petersburg and Archangel, and ap- proaching within twenty miles of the Lake of Ladoga, which empties into the Galf of Fin- land by means of the Neva, It wasin that day that Sweden had command of two-thirds of the gulf, and possession of the ports of Abo and Sveaberg, the latter being her great naval depot, and lately become so celeprated. Iu 1808, when Russia was acting upoa the princi- ple of an armed neutrality, and was in fact io that attitude assisting Napoleon, she declared war against Sweden for not excluding tne English from her ports in the Baltic. This pretext ‘was followed by the invasion and con- quect of Finland. Gustavus the Fourth, thea on the'throne, an eccentric Prince, instead of defending his own territories, would hear of nothiag but invading Norway; and when the celebrated Sir John Moore arrived with 12,000 men at Gottenburg to assist him, he was treated 20 badly, and was in so much personal danger from the King, who had ordered his arrest, that he had to escape to the fleet in disguiee. He took his army back without having landea aman. In addition to thie, the King actually disbanded four thousand of his own guards, on the plea that they were not suflicieatiy zealous against the Rusaiane. The end ot this was his deposition from the throne; the Dake of Sudermania became King, as Charles the Thirteenth, peace was made with Russia, and the English were prohibited from entering the Swedish ports. This arrangement favored the views of Russia, and Finland became hers. Her policy of gaining new outiets to the North- ern Ocean was successful, and Sweden sank into a second rate Power, stripped of her bea ports and her most valuable territory. In 1817 Russia had pushed her northern lim- ita much farther. They reached the river Tor. nea, on the Gulf of Bothnia, and she now also poseeseed the isles of Aland, ceded in 1809. In this way Sweden, no longer independent, lived at the mercy of Russia. What has she gained by the treaty of peace? One thing is certain—a once powerful Protestant nation has been abandoned by England, and one of the greatest political, religious and physical barriers against the progress of Ruesia west- ward, has been left in its ruins, to moulder away and be absorbed at no distant period by that empire. At the beginning of the war we were distinctly told by the British press that Finland was to be restored to Sweden. The prediction has utterly and miserably failed. What else was promised the world, or what else was to be demanded as a preliminary to & peace with the Czar? The restoration of Bessarabia to the Porte, by which the Russian power on the Dneister might be held in check. This territory lies be- tween the northern mouth of the Danube and the Dneister, and is bounded west by Molda- vis. By the treaty of Bucharest in 1812, Rus sia gained Bessarabia, and extended her fron- tier from the Dneister tothe Pruth, descending with it to its confluence with the Danube, and also the fortress of Choczin, Bender, (where Charles the Twelfth took refuge among the Turks,) Kilia and Ismail, stormed and pillaged by Suwarrow. By this treaty Russia agreed to surrender several fortified places on the Black Sea to the Sultan, but never did so. Oa the contrary, ahe secured this territory by the treaty of Adrianople. By article 20 the Bessarabian frontier is rec- tified, but only in part—a large slice being still left the Russians—and Russia, as one of the contracting Powers, retainsa full participation in the commerce of the Danube, its mouths and ite tributaries. The rectification does not in the least prevent the Czar from at any time connecting himself with Austria and Prussia by his frontier bounding on those coun- tries, reaching downwards to the Prath. So, too, it was proclaimed that the frontiers of Russia and Persia were to be contracted to the limits of 1800. Then Russia ran her line along the river Cuban, or Kouban, commencing at the narrow strait separating the Orimea from the Asiatic continent, and uniting the Sea ot Azoff with the Black Sea. Then it continued along that river to its source, passing in front of Georgiesk, then to the north of the moun- tains of the Caucasus, and following the river Terek to the sea. Since then Russia has claimed the whole country between the Black and Cas- pian Seas, outflanked the Caucasians, controls the Caspian, and has mastered some of the finest provinces of Persia. The treaty of Ghoolistan, in 1815, gave to Russia Georgia, Immeritia, Mingrelia, Derbead, Badkoo, Daghestan, and other important pro- vinces and localities. It also prohibited the employment of Persian war ships on the Cas- pian. What was not gained by this treaty has been attempted by force, and for years past the resistance of the Circassian chiet, Schamyl, has been marked by prodigies of valor. By these operations Russia was gaining ground towards British India; and, indeed, since 1772, has come 1,000 miles nearer Calcutta than before. She was, also, in fact, taking Constantinople in the rear, from which she was distant only 500 milee, and the attack on Sinope was but an ex- tension of her aggressions, and if unchecked, would have placed Constantinople between two lines of attack. By article 30, Russia and Tar- key retain their possessions in Asia as they were before the present war, and their frontiers are to be marked out. But the “ wi posseditis” is yet to be determined. Russia will claim that before the war she had such and such posses sions, just as Lord Clarendon now taiks about Central America, and the advantages already gained by her will not be given up. England has put in no plea for Persia, none for the pro- vinces of the Caucasus, and so far, has gained nothing by the peace. But what shall we say as to Poland, utterly forgotten at this memorable juncture? Even Lord Castlereagh, at the Congress of Vienna, declared it was the wish of England to see some independent Power, whether more or less, established in Poland. In these views Austria and Prussia then participated. But now it is too late. There is no hope for Poland, as there is none for Hungary. The treaty of Paris has therefore established but little. There are loop-holes enough in it to drive armies through, Th¢ Black Sea is neutralized, but it can become in a year’s time active enough for all political disturbances. Freedom of religion and commerce is guarnateed, but the contract- ing Powere—Greek, Papist and Protestant— bave yet a joint interest, and much tosay as to the details. The Principalities, about half liberated, are to have governments and a mo- dified independence, but their constitations are to be framed at Paris. In ehort, we do not wonder that the leading British newspapers are not in a very happy state of mind et present. England has ex- pended blood and treasure, and gained nothing: We really do net perceive one material advan- tage she has won by all her exertions. The status quo ante bellum is but a poor conso- lation for the extraordinary sacrifices made ia the Crimes, while Russia, like a patient who has been bled for tallnees of habit, is in as good health as ever—better than even the “sick man” whose case the Allies took in hand, and which they now consider cured. We have vot time today to discuss the Tenth article of the treaty, closing the Dardanelles and Bosphorus by a reaffirming of the con- vention of July 15, 1841, It has its history, and a ourious one it is, Curese SerrveMent iN Catirornta.—Our last letter from San Francisco, published else . where, describes the opening of the temple of Buddha, in that city, by the Chinese residents. They imported a statue and other paraphernalia from China, and inaugurated thelr worship with the orthodox ceremonies. The policy of this country requires liberty of conscience to be a cardinal point in the le- gislation of every member of the confedera- tion. The constitution secures to every citi- zen the right to worship his God in his own way. Therefore it would be idle and impolitic to talk of interfering openly and legally to suppress the practice of the Buddhist faith in California, At the same time it is not to be disguised that the establishment of this new religion in the rising city of San Francisco is a phenomenon grave in all and alarming in some sepects. No man,except a professional teacher of Christianity, will waste time, at the present day, in discussing the respective merits of rival systems of religion. It suffices the secular press to know that each system has its adhe- rents, who cling to it from generation to gene. ration; who rarely—not once in three or four centuries, and then under very peculiar cir- cumstances—renounce it; and whose attach- ment to their sectarian principles is pretty certain to increase in intensity in proportion to the violence of efforts to combat them. It is also within the knowledge of lay observers that, independently of the abstract merits of rival creeds, their professors are likely to entertain a bitterness of feeling toward each other which grows in proportion to their prox- imity, and which is liable to epgender chronic hatreds often inconsistent with public progress or social order. For an illustration of these principles, we may point to Ireland, where the Scotch Protestants of the North and the Celts of the South have done nothing but cut each other’s throats for a couple of centu- ries, and made their country proverbial for dis- order, bloodshed, anarchy and backwardness, The inference from history, as written thus far, is that tolerance ought to be the rule of law; but that every rational and legitimate effort ought to be made by States to prevent rival creeds growing up beside one another. Not perhaps that the principle should be car- ried as far as it was in the old Bay State, where non-conformity to the Puritan church involved exile or still harsher penalties; but merely that no encouragement should be held out to men of one creed to settle side by side with men of another, but rather that persuasion aud moderate inducements should be held out to each sect to plant iteelf where it should not at each step in its career be forced into conflict and collision with its rivals. Where the pro- fessors of the rival creeds are men of different race, the principle becomes doubly imperative. Prejudice of race combined with religious ani- mosity will keep nations divided for centuries. If these principles be applied to the case of the Chinese in California, the establishment of the Buddhist faith at San Francisco will at once be seen to be a matter of regret. It is not likely that the Chinese will ever prefer Christianity to Buddhism. It is certain that any attempt to crush out Buddhism by force would strengthen it. And it is equally certain that in that vale of time which is opening be- ‘fore us, Christianity: and Buddhism cannot walk hand in hand; at all eventa without aa improvement in the human mind which it seems utopian to expect. Collisions, strifes, jealousies, quarrels dnd civil war appear to be the natural consequence of the domiciliation of the Chinese race and the Chinese faith in California. The discovery of a remedy devolves upon the Legislature of California. Theirs it is to find out some middle path between intolerance and neglect of the public safety—whether by taxing foreign emigrants generally, a plan worth consideration, or by loading the passen- ger trade with China with encumbrances, or by come other plan. The task is difficult; but the prizg is worthy; the fate of California most certainly hangs in the balance. CauRcH For THE Dear AnD DumB—BENEMT ConceRT.—A concert will be givem on Thursday evening next, 224 inst., under the direction of Madame Valentini, to assist in raising fund to build « church for the deaf and dumb, of whom there is quite large number in this city. It is not so generally known as it should be that & congregation of deaf mutes is already organized here, and that servises are regularly performed every Sabbath in a lecture room im University place, under the mints. tration of the Rev. T. N. Gaillandet. This gentleman, whose name is honorably connected with the cause of deaf mute education, conducts the service in the Episco- pal form, and addresses, in sign language, as intelligent, devout and attentive a congregation as oan be found in any choreh in the city. ‘Vestvau 1x THE Concest Room.=—Mr. Allan Irving gives his annual corcert on daturday next, a! Niblo’s Saloon. WM’ lle Vestvali will assist, making her first appearance io the concert reem since her retura from Mexioo. ‘Tre MOUNTAINFER SINGERS, assisted by Miss Brainerd, give a concert at the Tabernacle this evening. Tneir concerts are becoming exceedingly popular. ‘Tue Pyxg axp Harnison Concert.—The first concert of the Pyne and Harrison troupe will take place at Niblo’s Saloon on Monday, the 26th inst.; the second and last on Wednesday, the 28th, being their only appearance in New York the present sessom, Cangises CORRESPONDENTS.—Letters addressed to the followirg New York houses are advertMed in the Phiin- delpbia Public Ledger, of May 19, 1866, aa remaining ia the Pbiladelphia Post office:— ‘Wm. H. Cary & Co. Alexander E. Honack. Stokes & Brother. les A. Hecksher & Uo, & Co, Tue Iowa Lanp Brii.—We hear incidentally that the President has signed this bill, and stave the fact 8 a matter of public interest just now.— Washingion tar, May 17. PEE LATEST BIS. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Important from Washington. ANGTEER TKEATY WITH MEXICO—NEW PHASE OF THE ORAMPTUON DIF/ICULTY—NOMINATION OF AP- PRAISER AT LARGR—THE PRESIDENT’S VETORS— THE PAPERS OF THR KANSAS COMMISSION—SUS- PENSION OF THE COOLIE TRAFVIC, ETC. Wasninatox, May 19, 1856. General Gadsden has arrived at New Orleans frou Mexico, He brings with bim an important postal treaty, . one of the provisions of which is that Mexico and the~ United States shall psy $75,000 each per annum towards defraying the expense of steam communication be- tween the two countries along the Gulf Mexico, He aloo endeavored to negotiate a commercial treaty, but T am cot informed as to its results. I learn that Gadsden bas had « tart correspondence with Marcy on matters and thingy in general. It will forme curious chapter in diplomatic letter writing. ‘The Cabinet were in cenrion a long time to-day. Cis- rendon’s reply to Marcy was one of the subjects before them. Iam informed they came to no determination in Crampton’s case. There are various matters in Cla- rendon’s rep'y which are entirely new to our govern-- ment, and places the difficulty in another shepe altoge- ther. It will be some deys before the matter is dis- posed of, A distinguished South Carolina politician told Mr, Pieree plainly that a war would ruin the cotton inter- ests, while xt would benefit the West; but as Douglas would carry the West, he had better be careful. Verbunv sap. The case lays over. 1 learn this eventog that a correspondence bas passed between Clayton and Crampton, and the dise-epancies ‘and misunderstandings which existed have beon amicably settled eatistactorily to both. The President sent to the Senate to-day the nomination of Stephen D. Dillaye, of New York, as appraiser at large, vice Pomroy, cecensed. Great indignation is manifested by some memoers of Congress at the veto of the St. Cair flate and Mississippi’ bis, They will pass them over his head by a two-thi:ds vote. ‘The Kansan Investigating Committee seat by Governor Robinson the ‘arge quantity of testimony tazen by them, enclosed in a sealed packet, addressed to the Speaker cf the House. On Governor Robinson’s detention in Lexington, Mise souri, hin wife, at his request, continued her journey, At Columbia, Ohio, she handed the package to the Hon. C. K. Watson, who to-day deilvered it to the Speaker privately. The Congressional Commissioners request that the package remain with the seal unbroken until their re- turn. This is the testimony which the Missourians threatened to destroy. It sppears by cfiicial documents communicated to the House to-day that our government has taken efficient mea- sures to prevent the traffic in cooiies, considering it re- plete with immoralities and revolting and inhuman atrosi- ties, strongly resembling those of the African slave trade, It in not permittad by ary treaty, and is therefore ille- gal, and Americans in China are warned to desist, other- wise they will not only forfeit the protection of this go- vernment, but render themse'ves liab'e to heavy penal- ties. Among the papers is a letter from Mr. Crampton, dated last April, informing Mr. Marcy of the systematic manner in which the flag and vessels of the United States are abused by persons engaged in the African slave trade to Cuba. Mr. Marcy replies that he will use the information for the prosectition of the Americans concerned therein. Startling Rumors from Kan-as, ONE THOUSAND MEN ENCAMPED NEAR LAWRENCE— THE TOWN FORTIFIED—SHERIFF JONES RECOVER- ING—REQUISITION FOR ROBINSON—ARREST OF EDITOR BROWN—FLIGHT OB GOY. REEDER, BIC. Sr. Louis, May 19, 1866. Advices from Kansas, to the 14th instant, sta‘e that about one thousand men have responded to the preciama- tion of the United State: Marshal, an‘ are encampedin the vicinity of Lawrence and Lesompton, tuetr avowed purpose being to compel the people of Lawreace to acknowledge the Territorial Jaws. It is said that there are about fif- teen hundred men in Lawrence, thoroughly armed with rifles, and having two pieces of artillery in their posses- sion. They have erected breastworks, and given notice that they will resiat all sitempta at arrest. Judge Fane, of Georgia, has been appolated Sheriff until Jones is able to resume the duties of the office Jones is reported as convalescent, and is expected soon to be ont. Fane, it is rumored, has been shot at twice, while in the discharge of his official duties, The requisition of Governor Shannon upon the autho- rities of Missouri for the return of Kobinson was placed in the hands of United States Marshal Donalison and deputies Preston and Wallace. They left Kansas for Lex- ington on Wecnesday last. ‘ Mr. Brown, editor of the Herald of Freelom, was ar- rested while endeavoring to escape from the Territory. Ex.Governor Reeder has fied, but his eapture is con- sidered certain. @HIRTY-FUURTH COONGRESS, VIRST SESSION. Benate. WASHINGTON, May 19, 1856, VETOES OF THE PRESIDENT’ ‘Two messages were received from the President, vetoing the bills for the improvement of the mouth of the Mis- sissippi and the Flate of the St. Clair rivers. Tne Presi- dent returns them because he regards them as parts of the general system of internal improvement, and refers to iB message of 1854, vetoing the River and Harbor bill. In relation to the St. Clair Fiat bill, the Presiient. says:—‘‘In considering it under the constitution, the power of Cor gress to construct a work of internal im- pore is Hmited te caser in which the work is mani- jeatly neecful and proper for the execution of some one or more of the powers expressly delegated to tne general government. I have not been able to find in the expenditure igo relative, unless it be to the power to provide for common detences, and maintain the army snd navy; but s careful examination of the sub- ject, with the ald of the information officially received since my Jast messege was communicated to Congress, has convinced me that the expenditure wou'd serve- no valuable purpore, as eontribut to the common deiences, because ail which could effected by it would be to afford a cham twelve deep, and of so emporary & character, ‘the work was done immediately, De- fore the necessity tor its use should arise, it cou!d not be relied on for vessels of even the small draft the passage of whrgh it would permit, Relative to the beter 4 improvement, the President repeats bis constitutional objections to internal improve- ments a6 applicavle tothe whole system, whether they eonsist of works on land or in »: ble waters, either of seacoast or interior lakes or rivers. The consideration of the subject was postponed till next Wednesday. GES. CASS AND MR. CRAMPTON. Mr. Cass, (dem.) of Mich., stated that he should ask leave, when & convenient opportunity presented Itself, to show that he had been misunderstood in certain corres- pondence by Mr. Crampton with the British government. Ms, Scam, (nigger wortipoer) of Mas . ger ipver) By com- no! % dinded when the Eenate adjouraei.” s ™™ "oF OO House of Representatives, Wasninaton, May 19, 1656. ‘THE CAPE D& VERDE SUFFERERS, The House then took up Mr. Wheeler’s joint resolu- tion authorizing the Secretary of the Navy to despatch « vessel with provisions privately contributed for the Cape de Verde sufferers, Mr. Kxtzy, (dem.) of New York, referred to the Itbe- rality of New York in aiding the » appeal- img to the (ener pmpetay of tae esr eat resolution wi asked for no appropriation of money. Mr. Swim, (K.N. dem.) of Virginia, while deeply fecling or their distressed condition, was not williog, even in this trifling to usury} A os not gueraateed. by theconstitution. He con: the sending of s ship. equivalent to the appropriation of money for that purpose, ‘Adopted by 123 against 24, uw. @. "(nleger, a Aina ot Obi . GauLowaY (nigger worshipper io, asked Jeaye to introduce ® resolution eicstiog the President to inform the House whether he has information concern- tng the murder of three American citizens, named Dow, Barber and Brown, late residents of Kansas, and whether legal measures have been taken for the prosecution of vhe murderers; also, whether he has information regard- ing the forcible abduction of William Phillips, and ot his being there feat caitied acrors to Missouri, and tarred and thered; Hkewise, with regard to the outrage on Rev. Pardee Butler, who was tarred and feathere! at Atchison; also, with regard to the shooting of Mr. Mace, whom an attempt was made to kill, after he had given testimony betore the House Investigating Committee; and whether legal steps have been wsken for the prosecutton of the persons engaged in these outrages. Also, thet the, Presdent inform the House whether ne has spe- ctal instructions for the protection of American citizens in Aaneas from violence and murder, Mr. Sarr of Va., suggested, and Mr. Galloway agreed to add, a clause calling for information relative to the murder ot Sheriff Jones. Mr, Giopincs—Better wait till he is dead. Mr. Rurrin (dem ), of Va., was opposed tosuch a string of nonvense, and objected to its reception. Mr, GALLOWAY moved a suspension of the rules, in or- éer that he migh: introduce the resolution. The motion to suspend was lost—102 in favor, to 55 against—not two-thirds, MOWILE RIVER Mr. Waiker, (K, N.) of Ala., moved IMPROVEMENT. to discharge the