The New York Herald Newspaper, May 12, 1856, Page 4

a FO NEW "YORK HERALD. |” eccmn ona 60 ce=-ratewten of Be SaRARAAADSORITE tating Pelicieel Feetier _ o> agony ieee JABEBO GURDON SENEETT, Geper Gent Peopie'’s 7 PROPRIZTUR a¥D ROITOR, Niggeri*m, North gna io Bath, hae demora- conan D muLron ized oat existing political parties to mere oon ¥ ao hap ) 8% | craving OFg®e\s ,tione on sectional prejudices, igvorance, ‘anaticiem, demsgoguism, and epon the ty.tred and the enmitics which nigger agitaticy has engendered between the people of the *wo great divisions of the Union. A}l questions of progressive and expansive Gomestic legislation; all suggestions of a lotty, dignified and positive foreign policy; all these practical iesues natarally resulting from a plain and honest fulfilment of the spirit and intent of the federal constitution, have all been ewallowed up ia this politica! niggeriom, Cuffee is the evil thadow that follows us ty, Gay, and Coffee is the iacubue that shakes ‘us in our nightly dreams. There is but one living political question in the land—it is Gu.ffee; bat one living political hope for ue~-it is Cuffee; and bat one great political damger to ‘every living eoul of us—it is Cuffee. Cuiffee, in fect, is peramount-—“the higher law” North and South, overriding in importance 4 even the constitutioa and the Union. North or South, we must bow down to Cuffee, or be driven without the pale of any “healthy polit cal organization.” Where is the once great Jacksonian demo- cratie party, devoted in its glorious day to the crushing of bank monsters, to the prostration of governmental excesses in internal improve- ments; te the important existence of a wise and beneficent disposition of the public lands; to the promotion of the great doctrine of free trade the wide-world over, and of the power and influence of our republican system among the other nations and peoples of the earth; to the eaving domestic duties of order, system, re- trenchment and reform? Where, we repeat, is this great party at tbis crisis? Gone, used up, deteriorated into an organization of one-idea- AMOSEMENTS THIS VARIG AAD @MY OF MUSIC —Fourieeutawreer Triusn 0 ppm Kame — emt ADWAY THEATAB Brostew —kxm we Org Be Bon Gastue Beview, on Wass’, Wirwon, sino “@sRDRN, ey Ma. Bevew Phone Rore—Mazoi—! es, et offhone BL. yuearne Sy’ sery—Love AND” gorary—Tee SURICN’S JREAGT A Oe Obambers mre! LL inavip COPPER: pTAeacky SHMATER, Brosdrey- ey Yuncweace— Ra ERENE'S 7 4Als<128 sues or Heanrs- sy Wirn's Mine ger VaRIeviEs 472 oP Fee me to -—PABLZAUS BY THE CELE- 70008 MINSTAKLS, 44 Br yentisy—1n5 Muscutzvocs Mone e- -irmorus Min ore BMPIRE HALL, 596 Broad smatep Kiss Shere cbeeee Sew York, Mond my, Muy #, 1856. Notice to Bvertisers. ‘We are compelled to c8 | abe attentiva of sdvertiem 40 Me aroteaity of vending jp chetr favors at an early Nous. Wine o'elock P.M. loth jwerect momsrt we wan zecere Maus, uniens they resis’ pvo deaths ts something equally as argent, If cent! >» satter tnat*hour, advertisements Mast wie beirchan eit gprearing under taeir proper bends, if bey appre grail, We-would clso urge wrevity fa all advertisement, faeee-dam, oR “wne News. The steamship geiaiitic ivnow in her twelfth day eat from Livers 933. Her.arrival may, therefore, be Rooked for at any moment. She brings -wdvices to the 30th ult, We publis! , wicewhere'the letters of our corres: pondents in} jeridon, Madrid and Rone, together- with extract g/from our‘ Suropean files, brought by the Ameri’ , which will be found interesting. The non-c gpymittal policy of the Pope in refusing Wo attend’ Paris, in’ order to baptize the imperial Prince, a8 , well as the seleetion by his holiness of a | niggeriem. It is entirely under the influence of cardinal ¢3 his representative, who bad never ex- | overexcited slave awners and political nigger- pressed 4 political opinion in his life, was, it is drivers, fire-eating demegogues, whose stock waid, Vv pry displeasing to the Eatweror Napoleon. From hese facts it <vas inferred that his Majesty would soon be convinced of the necessity of aiding ; i the work of popular reform in Italy. Our ” correspondent ion Rome explains fully the manner in which the interests of the great Pow ers would be afected by such @ movement. A gt@ ad military review was about to come off in Ma did. The Black Warrior affuir was etill can- va ged'by the localpress. We continue our transla" © mof the-work of Don Buenaventura Vivo, which Ww ea nothing of its marked importance. A very © rapbic description of the great English naval ® sview at Spithead is given, with notices of all the J womiment scenes and incidents which ovcurred du- in trade is the atee] of the secesaionist and the flint of abolitionism. With these instruments they keep up:the fire in the tinder box, fright ening thousands of poor souls inte the belief that it is the constitasion and the rights of tae States that are in process of combustion, and that it is to these smouldering materials of an impending explosion that we must attribute this all-pervadiog smell of burning rage and brimstone. The socalled republican party, under the management of our Northere nigger-wor- shippers, is also exclusively devoted to nig- 1 img the fete, Ten thousand British troops were | gerism. It ia the moet hypocritical, the most bout to sail for Canada, but it was left | disgusting, and yct the most mischievous of aptional with the regiments to volunteer it | 445 political organization that has yet crys- Me service, which is a course contrary to all the Cfermer ordere and precedents in the War Office in YLenden. Lord Palmerston had denied in Parlia- Scment'that the reinforcement or exchange of rezi- > ments in that colony was at all a threatening de” monstration against theUnited States. His lord. ship also asserted that Great Britain had not pro- mised military aid to. the Costa Ricans. During the @ebate Gencral Walker's military title was fully re- cognieed. Dar advices from -Rio Janeiro are to the 20th of April. The ‘healih -of the city was reported satis- factory; and throughout the country it was impro- ving. -The stock of ceffee on hand was reported as 300,080 ‘begs. “The quotations for superiors were wom 5)/400 to 5)\600. In flour there was nothing doing, on account of the hotidays. Freights to the United States were reported dull at 80 cents. We have received advices from Honduras to the ‘Vth vit. It was stated that the good ‘eeling formerly entertained for Gen. Walker in that country had. undergone a marked change, in consequence of the prejudicial reports circulated in regard to the treat- ment ofhis men in Nicaragua, and the contributions he had-levied on that country. The question whether Honderas will join Costa Rica against Walker was not settled. It wasrumored in Henduras that Guate ‘Bala was arming against Walker, and would bring @ large force in the field. The Americans attracted to theprovince of “Olapche bad not found gold ia saffcient quantities to satisfy them, and a numver ‘were on-their way back. The Panama Railroad Comyany have been at is sue with the government for some time, in relation tothe carrying of the United States mails across the isthmus of Panama, from Aspinwall to Panama. The President has made the matter a subject for a special message to Congress; but we do not eee what com:rol the President or the Postmaster-Gene- yal have over the company. The British govern- ment psy the full rates without grumbling. The fact is, the government of the United States are continualiy quarielling with railroad and steamboat companies about the compensation for carrying the mails. Ifa little more economy was exercised in other depamments, anda little more liberality prac- ticed in this, we should Lave fewer complaints o failures and better service from contracto.s, The subject is reviewed at length in an article which we pudlich elsewhere. The value of foreign goods imported atthe port of Boston during the week ending th inst. amount- ed to $),752,737. The total for the corresponding Period last year was $337,898. The cotton matket was firm on Saturday, at about Tle. for middling uplands. The sales embraced abopt 2,000 a 2,500:bales. Flour was heavy, espe cially for common and medium brands, and the turn of the market diosed in tavor of buyers. Sales ef common Canadian! white wheat were made at $1 45, and a carge of damaged Sonthern do., sup- posed to have been made at about $1 20. Prime was scarce. Corn was dui! for inferior lots, while de- maged Southern white sold at S4c., and considera- Ble lots of Jersey sound yellow sold at 60c. Prime ahipping lote of yellow and white were scarce and firm. Mess pork was higher. It opened a $18 a $18 25,and closed firm et $13 37}. Sugars were im good deman4, and the turn of the mazket was in flavor of sellers. The sales embraced about 600 a 800 bhde. Cuba mescovado, and 150 boxes at prices given in another column. ¥rejghts to Liverpool were better, with mocerate engagemcnia. Tun Domes or Clononess—A Very Suan Buow.—The letter of our Washiogtoa corres pendent, which we pu blish to day, recapitu- lating the business trang wtions of this present discreditable Congress «toe the firat Moaday in December last, is wall worth reading Some half dozen paltry Kt: '¢ bills constitute the report of the work done ia the course of the five months ond a half of this long session thus far expended. There fs, we dare say, notbing to compare with this exvess of gas, clep trap, corraption and Juzinese, and this poverty of business, in the bistery of the legix latere of any government upon the face of the cearth eipee that “iong Parliament,” so unce- remoniousiy kicked oat by Oliver Cromwell: Let Secretary Guthrie, however, be of good ebeer. Be is still encumbered’ with a surplus” of some twenty odd millions of the poople’s money; but he will surely be relieved of every dollar of it before the seseion closes. The ne- corsitics of the Presidential campaign will ab- sorb the last coin of the deposits in the sud- treaturies, if human ingenuity can reach it. Some comfort jn that, Father Guthrie, ch! talized from the pernicious and revola- tionary floeting elements of the North. Be- tween these two parties there is a third, which, setting out upon the eublime ideas of the os- traciam of al) born atiens, and the exoxtriation of a)] Roman Catholics, has been substantially pulverised, a8 between the upper and the nether millstone of niggeriem. The democratic bigger-drivers’ party and the black. ~oupli- can nigger-worshippers’ party are prea. ~ai- nant, Between these violent extremes the only result of @ conflict among the people is to the slienation of the two sections of the eoufederacy from each other, secession, dis- union, the horrid ecenes of a St. Domingo reiga of terror, a succession of military despots, and the clashing among our hostile States of the ferocious musket oud bayouet repuDlican- ism of the “popular” governments of Mexico, Central aud South America. A Presidential aggregate of about four mil- lichs ot electors is divided, organized, con- trolled and bamboozled by levs, perhaps, than two hundred thousand trading snd pipe-laying politicians on either side, as between the two pripcipel pertics in the ficld—politicians whose busipessis politics, aad woos profits are the public phuuder—gsogs of reckless, schem- ing politicisne, made up of brieflees lawyers, ntcken merchants, bankrapt stock jobvera, gemblers, blecklege, and seedy adventurers of every description. There are still, however, remaining some three millions eight hundred thonsard voters, eil bouest, industrious men, poseessed of honest and visible means of sup port, end wholly independent of plapder-divid- ing and treasury-despoiling party caucuses, conventions, organs, pipe-layera and kitchen cabinets. This vast body of the hovest Ame- rican masses is perfectly irresistible if it can only be sroused into a sense of duty, and to the common purpose of saving the country. The question, however, here recurs, how is thir popular concert of action to be compassed? Easily enough. Let the necessity fora new independent people’s party be adopted by the independent musses as a conviction, Acting upon this necessity, let a free people proceed to organize the new party, free from the mana- gers of the nigger-driving modern democrasy; free from the destructive principles of the Seward nigger worshippers, aud free of the contracted anti-American tomfooleries of Know Notbingism—free of all those narrow, mischievous and demoralizing elements, but standing forward in favor of ell the material and intellectual agencies of progress which signaiize this pro- gressive age—in favor of a common sense ap- Plication of the constitution im all things—in favor of the freedom of religion, of speech, of the press, and of commerce; and con‘ending thet this republic is strong enough <9 rise to the proclamation ¢o the werld of her poition as @ fret clacs Power--let an independent peo- ple’s party be formed upon euch a platform, and the firet campaign under it will be 2s de- cisive, but far grander in its rezulte than the revolution of 1840, or the lamentable failure of 1852. Nothing else can eave the country from the abyes of disunion on the one hand, or the pesti- sential swamp of general corruptiom on the other—as betwoon the existing parties of the day, nothing can save us except the interven tion of a new and honest party, such as we have indicated, fresh from the mint—frosh from the masses of our honest and uncorrupted people. itmust come to this, or we muat harry on to the calamitous catastrophe of a eectional cigeolution. This calamity has no terrors for your hungry politician in pursuit of the spoila, Davin, nothing to lose, he has nothing to fear, but romething of hope, in any contingency of revolution, Camp followers are alwaye in favor of stowming the city, for whether the attack be euco,#efal or not, they gain from the havoc among thet friends and enemies, We believe that Yere isan urgent necessity for the new party we hove indicated; we be- lieve that it may yet b'* organized in time to NEW YORE mew «0, MGADAY. MAY 12, i856. Tmpérient Decument from England—The Bay Islands, We pablieh in another colnmn a copy of the Queen's ‘warrant coustitating the Ielends of Roataz, Bonaccs, &c., s colony of the British crowa. This document was commanicated to Parliament on the 5th of April, in anawer to & motion made for ite production, by Mr. Milner Gibson, on the 12th of March. Although long and technical, it contains poicts of great sigai- ficamce, especially when taken in coamection with the line of defence adopted by Great Britain against the charge of having violated the “Cleyton and Bulwer convention.” That convention, it will be remembered, was negotiated in Apri}, 1850, and ratified aad tt rebuke and crucd oat the dev, agite- tore and spoilsmen, abd * is luathsome nai- rance of party niggerier, in oar general No- vember elections 571 dhat is required ie that independent, > one st men, of all the old abd exietipg pr.rtier, disgueted with their mummeries a>, hy pocricies, should cut loose from them, and teke the initiative in the new Movement, in mace meetings in every State, cY y and town im the Union, Let the indepe’saent people cf every State thus act for *pemeclves; and im every State pat up 8D uppledged ticket of Presidential Electore— Wat is, the constitation—and try it. Those conventions of Baltimore aad Cincinnati spoilsmen, gamblere and jugglers are ancon- stitutional, They make a farce ef popular rovereignity, and bring nething but disgrace upon the freedom of the elective tranchise. Perbeps efter the adjournment of these gamblers’ and jugglers’ coaventions of Juue, there may be an inviting opening for im- mediate action, in the people’s movement which we have been discussing. We think there are abundant symptoms and material about us for the disappointment of beth nig- ger worehippers and nigger drivers in No- vember. We shall see. proclaimed in July of the same year. Its lead- ing stipulation was, that neither party “ehould occupy or colonize apy portion of Central America.” This warrant bears the date of March 20, 1852, and was carried into effect Jaly 17, of the same yeor—two years after the convention above quoted had been promulgated. Now, as there is no ambiguity in the words “occupy or colonize,” jt follows that the ast of Great Britain was a prima facie violation of the con vention. The only question which could be raised was this:—“Do these islands come pro- perly within the denomination ef Central America ?” But Great Britain dees not attempt to dispute the fact that from their geogra- phical and political relations they are naturally and historically part of Hondu- ras, first a Province and afterward a State of Central America. She does, however, allege that they were dependencies of her es- tablishment ot Belize, and as such exempted from the operations of the convention of 1850, by the terms of a sort of private memorandum made between Mr. Bulwer on one hand and Mr. Clayton on the other, to the effect that the treaty should “not be construed to apply to Belize and its dependencies.” Without discus- sing the points whether such an expost facto and altogether personal understanding, (which was not communicated to the Senate until years after the treaty was ratified) can be regarded as inapy way binding upon the United States, it is sufficient for our present purpose to know thatthe warrant of the Queen affords conclusive proof that at the time it was issued, viz: March, 1852, the British government did not regard these islands as in any way de- pendent on Belize. It follows, therefore, that the position which it has aseamed is altogether an afterthought. The warrant says that it has been repre- eented to the Queen that certain islands in the Bay of Honduras are inhabited by British anb- jecte, and that she has therefore undertaken to farnich them with a government and erect them into a colony. Had they been under the government of Belize, then the necessity of a government for them would not have existed; they would already have been a colony. Had the British governmentin 1852 regarded these islands asa part, or as a dependency of Be- lize, then the warrant would have said that the government of the islands, as 9 part of an existing establishment, was inadequate, end that some necessity had arisen for separating them and constituting them a distinct colony. In such case there would naturally and of necessity have been some reference to an ex- isting or pre-existing order of things, and to the circumstances which had brought about the necessity of the change. As we have said, but one conclusion can be reached, in view of this document, viz.: that the whole pretence now set up inregard to these islands is an afterthought, and that neither at the time of the negotiation of the Clayton and Bulwer treaty in 1850, nor even 80 late as the issue of this warrant in 1852, did Great Britain regard these islands as depen- dent on Belize. But even if she had regarded them as mch, the question of fact still remains pen; aud it has been proved a hundred tim:s that they always and undisputably belonged to the pro- vince and State of Honduras, until forcibiy, in time of peace, and without shadow of right, or even & decent pretext, occupied and co} >- nized by the British crown. Great Britain has no right in Belize, except the permissive one of cutting logwood and gathering the natural fruits of the soil, being expressly debarred by the treaty under the authority of which she enjoys this narrow pri. vilege, from aay exercise of sovereigaty. She certainly could have no wider privileges in the “dependencies” of Belize thau in Belize iteelf; and being bound not to exercise sove- reignty in one, could certainly not sesume or exercise it in the other. Thus, under every view of the case, and upon her own showing, she has colonized the Bay Islands in violation of solemn treaty stipulations, and in contempt of the rights of the Central American States. There is no evading the indictment, and but one course remains open—the restitution of the islands to Honduras, or the abrogation of the unprece- dented and, in our opinion, unconstitutioni treaty, on the value of which the organization of the colony of the Bay Islands is 9 significant commentary. ‘The Troabiesen the Isthmus—Administrative aid Legisiative Blunders. Administrative blunders, negligence and follies are widely differe.t from those com- mitted by the Legislature. Under the influ. ence ot the Jatter the whole people are inju- riously affected, which is sure to excite public reprebension, and that by the power which has the means of correction; while in the case of the former, there effecte are rarely seen and find their way with difficulty to the remedial autho- rity. Never more than now, in the history of this country, has it been so important that this distinction should be kept in view. Laws affect the intetests of the people; the public adminis- tration of the laws gives tone to our character as a nation and largely controls the destiny of the republic. Let us look at a single feature of our affaire at the present moment, We have seen the navy increased from year to year—we have seen its expenditures doubled and quadrupled—we have seen the proving hook and blade freely applied to its personnel ; but in the Navy Department itself—at the point of needed reform—amongst the vital or- gans of the system—there is nothing but para- lyses, imbecility and stubbora folly. Look at the present coadition of the Ameri- can government. Its territories have been ex- tended to the Pacific—-States have risen and are rising ap on the borders of that ocean; our commerce is animating ita waters—our capital is building up great maritime cities— we sre moving rapidly towards China and Japan; and the evidence is already too power- ful to be longer resisted, that this great repub- lic is goon to acquire commercial ascendency over the world. That this result is to be hastened by events transpiring in the Pacific no rationel man can question. Calitornia is to be the keystone of the commercial arch; but the work of conetruction remains to be completed by the thorough identification and commupion of the Pacific and Atlantic States. At present the enterprise of this country has raised up @ substitute for railroad commu- nication by opening the Isthmus passages— one at Panama and the other at Nica- ragua. Without these links to bind Cali- fornia to the federal Union, that State constitutes an independent republic; and unless theycan be kept open, anecessity, su- perior to all national pride and patriotism, will arise for the secession of that sovereignty from the confederation, In this state of things what do we find to be the conduct of the Executive and its Navy De- partment? The President becomes a party to the overthrow of the only possible power ia Nicaragua which is capable of giving security to the inter-oceanic communication between the Pacific and Atlantic States. He refuses to recognise a de facto government; alleging as au excuse and justification for that refusal that its establishment contained too grert an intu- sion of his own countrymen; that Ani-‘can citizens bad exercised their right of expatria- tion and their democratic impulses to give a republican administration to Nicaragua, which waa of the last importance to our Union--a pocitive security to the transit communication at that point. Again: although we maintain thrée squad- Tous in American waters—two on this side and ope on t”3 other side of the contiaent—not — ship-of. war is to be found either in the porta ot Nice” sgua or in those ot New Granada. In the hir sory of imbecility--within the whole range of edministrative negligence and tolly—no other example can be found which will at all con- pare with this, either on account of its stupi- dity or its fatal effects upon the character of the nation. Quarrelling with Great Britain about Central America, uttering strong na- tional sentiments and avowing resolute pur- poses to maintain the rights and the dignity of the nation in that direction, voting mil- lions for war steamers, increasing the nevy, trapping Sts officers in an executive net, apd dirgracing them for inefficiency, without testimony and by a star-chamber conspiracy, and yet not detailing even a couple of sloops of war to guard thore Central American points, where the whole interests and strength of the republic most demanded their presence. Pa- ema end San Juan de Nicaragua had become places almort exclusively American. The capi- tal of our people had been invested there ; the wisdom, influence and powor of the navy were required there. That #~.2 oi the nation was needed to give cscuienance to our men and our property, and we had the right to be heard and the right of intervention to quiet disturb- ances, and to protect the lives of our people. The Isthmus of Panama was made our territo- ry, for all transit purposes; and precisely so it was at Nicaragua, But what are our righte with a semi-barbarous people with- out the means of their enforcement? Were we engaged in a maritime war, that a few national ships could not be spared? Who A Tract For THE Trmps.—The Times is exer- cieed on the “tract controversy,” and being exercised has spoken right out! This event has doubtless astonished its readers; for it Is well known that if our youthful neighbor is celebrated for anything, it is not for plain speaking. On the other hand, that journal has ® most remarkable passion for squatting on the fence. It is characteristic of that journal to skip at random all round the lot, to talk jo- cosely and harmlessly, eteering clear of affir- matives and negatives with such dexterity as to remind us constantly of the old refrain, “Tm sitting on the stile, Mary!” But the Times has jumped off from the fence, and is now down in the ditch with the Tribune andthe Independent, trying hard to drag the American Tract Society into their company, We judge from the tenor of its remarks on Batardsy--semijocose and semt-profane— was feasting at Havana, at Rio de Janeiro | that it considers that the American and a¢ San Francisco, while Ameticansat Ps | Tract Society does. very little good. nama wore being buichered and robbed? Has | It is true that it does not appear the goyersment no man within its councils | to have dote much good in that capable ef «ring and comprehending the no- ceseity, the ixoportance of Central American inter- oceanic communications? Without these communications we have no Pacific States, They are lost to us woder euch p policy, by ia- evitable destiny. We have more interest ia them than they have in ms; and yet our government frowns upon the poi!oy that would upite us gud make us one forever. neighborhood. But yet no one acquaintel with its manifold and far-rvaching onterprises can hesitate to pronounce it one of the most beneficial institations of our a". We regard it not merely as a reltgions esta Olishmeat—it has @ national character. It ec‘ucates the maecses of our population. Its he,Wwen-born influences, stealing over the land th.*ougha thousend devious channels teach the p.*ople good morals and sound sentiments, and fit, them to think and act for themselves. The Times has concluded that this nati gna) institution ought to be abolitionized; that, because it bas publiehed tracteon the Sin of Dancing,” “Sin of Toracco,” &2., “ought to publish tracts on antislavery. {ndeed, oar astute cotemporary suppos:d th at the society had actually been publisbinr, abolition tracte, until aroused by that meeting in the Brick Charch last weck, where it learned, to its astonishment, that the Christian admonitions of the society were “determined by degrees of latitude.” The Times ought to know that, constitution- ally, itis not lawful for the American Tract Society to convert itself into that abolition propaganda which euodry clerical Theapians apd Fourierite philosophers are now clamorous for. And if it were lawfal, it is evidently not expedient. Slavery, as it happens to exist at the South, is approved to the sentiments of a large body of “evangelical Christians,” who are the constituents of thesociety. For the society to wage war upon slavery is to wage war upon these evangelical Christians--mem- bers of its own family—and to cut off ali in- tercourse with them in any shape. Let this be done, and there will be no more colportage at the South, no more revivals and conversions through the egencies of this institution; and, more than this, there will pe no longer an American Tract Society. Buarr’s DerEcTIoN AND ExPULSION FROM THE Democratic Parry.—It is unfortunate that Mr. F. P. Blair, General Jackson’s editor of the Globe, was turned out of the councils of the democracy. Mr. Blair in his day was a vigor- ous partisan. He ruled the democratic party on the maxim that his party was a divine in- stitution, especially organized to root out all its enemice, who were considered as enemies of the country. Mr. Blair was called to the or- gan at the moment of the thorough adoption of the national convention system by his party. He came to Washington under the auspices of Gen. Jackson, and to carry out that systen with distinct reference to the men of that period of our history. Mr. Van Buren was the central power behind the throne, aided and assisted by Wm. L. Marcy. It was the latter gentleman that introduced into the party the spoils maxim, that suggested the idea of pat ting the press into subserviency and depen- dence through the power of public patronage. It was Mr. Marcy that enforced the policy of making rulers feared, and who scouted the idea of binding men to party by love. That was the soul of the spoils system. Power was made to mean just-what it expresses; and it was to be perpetuated by rewards and punish- ments, Mr. Blair was the hangman of the régime; and never was @ man more faithful and remorseless in his work. Now it is something in Mr. Blair’s favor that he was followed by Mr. Van Buren, B. F. Bat- ler, Mr. Benton and others, even into the ranks of the nigger worshippers. His story in de- fence of his defection, that Mr. Calhoun was the head and front of the league whioh drove him out of the Globe bya coalition with Mr. Polk and others, is unfortunate in this: that Mr. Polk on the organization of his administration never for once consulted Mr. Calhoun. Mr. C. was Secretary of State under Mr. Tyler, and felt extremely well dispoeed to Mr. Pols; but the new President came to Washington, select- ed bis cabinet and made his inaugural without s0 much as intimating a wish to see Mr. Cal- houn. Again: Mr. Polk approved the Oregon bill with the Wilmot Proviso, against the remon- strance of two native Pennsylvanians, then members of his cabinct- James Buchanan and Robert J. Walker. The Wilmot Proviso was @ shoot from the old trunk—the Missouri com- promise--and was believed to be uaconstitu- tional by Northern men. Mr. Marcy was also in the Cabinet at the time, and advocated the Provieo, jast as Mr. Blair does now. How it is, then, that Mr. Blair’s proscription was the result of Mr. Calhonn’s management, under such a state of facts, it is certainly not eaty to conjecture. The truth isthat Mr Blair had, in tury, whipped in or out of the traces nesrly all the public men in the Union. Mr. Polk came to Washington and was overwhelmed. with protests against his further continaance inthe Globe. Mr. Blair had fairly connected his fortuue with the Van Buren dynasty ; and when that dynasty was driven into exile by the vote ot the Convention of 1844, politicians all over the country felt that they had an op- portunity to avenge past injuries and contu- melies emanating from the Globe establish- ment, It is natural enough that Gen. Jackson, whore personal feelings were always strong, should sympathize with Blair ; and it is equal- ly natural that the old Globe editor should deem bis expulsion as only a species of party homicide. Old doctors often express surprise that patients survive the ministrations of young practitioners. The greater the quack, the more sovereign his cure. No monarch was ever deposed without convincing one man at lonst, that his eubjects were the greatest suffer- ers, The democracy under Mr. Blair were powerless without his lead. Without him they were without political virtue—at least this is Mr, Blair’s opinion. There is one lesson to be learned from this eignificant chapter of our history, and thero is no better time than now to receive such in- struction. It is the folly of concentrating too much authority in more leaders. It is that which destroys the representative character of our institutions, It makes man power a po- litical hierarchy. The instant that you give undue weight to persons tn authority they as- sume to act upon the confidence thus bestowed as an original estate of their owa; they make their own sirifes a basis of action, and deduce from these, rules for the government of the People. It is easy thus to glide away from principles to maintain and perpetuate the for- tunes of men. What eare we for the sacrifices of mon, one with another?—-sacrifices produced by personal collisions and often in the pursuit of ambitious preferments. Whatcare we for other than great public interests? SnckBasr or SaLartes—Crry Exvenxsrs,~ A messure has lately passed the Board of Councilmen to increase the salarics of the Mayor, Comptroller and Street Commissioner from fifty to one hundred per cent. It hag not passed the Aldermen, and therefore may yat be stopped. By all means let this bedone. The present salaries are quite sufficient. If any incumbent of municipal office considers hi mseif uppaid, he need not serve. Labor is in sufi- cient demand here for no man to need to tlorve for want of employment, Let the peo- ple who cannot live on their present ear RR ESS resign office, and take to other trades, Neither the city vor they need spprehend any serious inconvenience from such 3 step. It is bat fale to the Mayor to state that the movement for an increase of salary did not originate with him, aod bas not received, nor is likely to re- ceive his sanction. This city spende, one year with another, over six millions of dollars, which are raised by tax on the people. Of late years the budget has incf€ared at the rate of half a million @ year; notwithstanding the clamor of the: friends of the present Comptroller, the in- crease was never so steady or so alarming as it has been since he took office, Year after year when the Comptroller’s report ie sent in, @ noise is made about it; rate payers grumble, and the press roars; but after a few weeks all a forgotten, men prosper and pay the tax, and s0 we go on. It is, however, quite certain that if any intelligent person would take the ‘rouble to analyse the income and expenditure: of the city, and suggest a scheme of retrench- ment, a vast som might aanually be saved. People say, when this is proposed: Oh! you must expect the taxes to increase, the. city ie growing £0 fast, aud so on, Have these eon- servatives any idea of the cost of the govern- ment in other ities ?~ in London, for inatance? A movement bas just been started in Lon- don to reduce the cot of administering the affairs of the city. Itisnotso easy there as here to ascertain what it costs to manage the city business, or what the city actually spends;. but it would appear thas the following esti- mate may be relied ou:— INCOME, Rents and quit rent e' Potise rax Total.... sees. . coer oF aD: General sa'aries to cflicer: £38,672 Legal salaries 14,700 ‘Legal expen: + 4,600 Peuslon to paces ot of — Pestamenas expense: 1,467 fitees for Cn 2}900 1,100 3,8 ager Balheoper a ty expenditur Sandilees <2 14688 Chamberlsin’s clerks. Artidicers’ accounts, with mamen, Artificers’ accounts, without name: Total.... 116,100. Thus the city of London, W with @ population four times as great as New York, spends only $1,800,000 per anoum, or about one- fourth the amount speut here. This fact neede nocomment. It may, however, be noticed as a singular contrast that the Londoners are about. reducing their expenditure—the idea is that ome $300,000 a year may be saved by better mapagement, reducing the total expenditure © $1,500,000 or thereaboute—jast at the very. time when our people here want to increase our expenditure by addiog fifty per cemt or more to the ealaries of the principal officers. THB LarTes Nwaws. BY MAGNETIC AND. PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Non-Arrivel of the Atlantic. Sanpy Hook, May 11—10 P, ht, There are as yet no sigas of the Atlantie, now in her twelfth day out from Liverpool, It 1a very fine night, with a light south wind. Frem Washington. BRITISH INTERFERENCE WITH AMERICAN VESSELS AT” BAN JUAN DEL NORTE—PROTHAT OF CAPT. TINKLE- PAUGH, OF THE ORIZABA--WHAT WILL THE GOV: ERNMENT DO IN Td MATTER?—THE PANAMA COMMIESIONER—GEORGE LAW’S MUSKETS--THE BERBEKT CASE, ETC., BTC. WasnincTon, May 14, 1856, The following protest was presented tothe Secretary of State last week, and wat considered in Oabinet counaill the same day, aud received serious consideration; and de- finite action, I am iriormed; was determined on. Our government will speedily ins'i!ute an inquiry ints the actkn of the English eommanderof the British man-of- wer, and unlosa sgitstaction, aw ple and sufficient, is had, our government will hold the English goveroment ree spousible, Tois ia not tbe first instance that has come to the knowledge of our governmont—not the’ fizst time- that the Anerioan flag hay Deen insulted, and the wrong allowed to pias with impunity; and if the cld Premier does not wake up from his drowsiness, the people will take the matier in their owa han’s. But to the protest, which I received from the Siaie Department :— BOWAED L. TINKLEPAUGH’S PROTEST. That he is avd has been meter cf the seamer Orizaba, ‘& Steamer reginterec at tie Custom House of por: of New York, ot the ourcen of about 1,4¢0 tons, owned by Chas. A. Whituey, of New York; that she calsha fens tots port ot New York en the 8th ¢ay of April, 1866, for the port ef Sn Juan Gel Norte, Nicaragua, baving on board about, 480 passengers, of wiem vaboat 420 bad Worets for Sam ¥reucieoo in California, andthe remeinder had tickets for tan Juan Cel Norte; ti 6 Orizabs arrived at Sam Juan del Norte on the 16) xy of April, 1856, at adout 11 c’elock P, M ; that soon afier the ship came to anchor, ‘the Wheeler, a mal) stoamer bound ‘up the river m4 Juan, came aloxrgsice, and ibiv deponent eommenced traueferi:’ag to her the passengers from the Orizaba; Cer’ after all the passengers, exespt some thirty or for'y, had Bot Boont tho snail steamer, aad had deiivered up their Ucketes for transit on joseph N. Scott, the agent of river boat, ponent that ‘tein Tari the commander of the British sloop-of-war Eurydice,(3¢n lying at anchor at the distance of about one. fourth of'a mile frem the conn hac given orders that the parrergers should ve 7eken back on to the Orimsba: that re would not allew them to goon board the cma steamer, or to proceed on the r way, and that the siver beat must be hauled off from izabe; that this Cepo. Pol therevpon gave orders to stop the ‘farther transter Prarees to ihe river boat until he couid ascertalm if the saic Captain Tarleton intended to enforce his said Orcer; ‘hat ceponept took a emali boat and pan ashore, ond tound Captain Tarleton about leavin, Logie Aten ae ea) Wey poled tone given an crder to stop his psesengers, and fhem ering up the river; he reyiked that Birdoa'l bed ine formeo bim that (he O:feaba had 600 men for Walker om- board; deporent answered ‘bot his information waa not. correct; it they bad over 400 for California; that the others bad only paid te Hen Joan del Norte, and that there ware nore who hed tickets for the interior; thet Coponent then yat he was to do witl ‘passene gore; Por plete acl x ed them hed depo. nent said that he could n can he: 4 visions for them; Cept. ee Baal Det Colon (renee aa ‘As bill of the per Gaponent e board the Onanbes replied io pactecaers had; Capa Tarleton then said, “i wilt 0 abcard the Orisuba, + ber way bill, and riher irquirtes porure T decide what to do? requested this ceponent io get into hie, boat, ae go ite teens with him; aecordirg'y go! and went with shovraid. Captain Tarletin and Soh ga te a menticned; the said Cap‘ain Tarleton, Capain Ssott and thin ciponvas then went to the office of the on hoard the Urizabs, end deponent inquizel of the pure ser for the way bill, which fe poduen, that Captain Tarleton took the ship's way of d and examined then remarked that tt did not give the cestinaiion of the Rue es, that deponent iepiied that the passengers for Calitarsia bad tickets for San Fransisco by the Pacific sleamer; that ® passenger who wes stazding noar stepped np and said, « going to Nicsragua;”? Cap- tein Tarieven neked him be was gying thore for; the man repiied tbat he was going there with his wife nd two children to settle; that savther man thee seid he also was foing Vhere with “his wile to sevile; thet sofa Capiain aria on then said be would silow the passengera to proceed on their way, aud would not interiere; that the transier of the passengers aad treight of this deponert’s ship was delayed for space of about two hours by the aforeraid acts ot the said Ceptain Terleton ; that the Oriza ye lnid at San Juan afore- said ontil tre afternoon of the 21st of April, 1866; that Op that day the river steamer came @lor Orinaba