The New York Herald Newspaper, May 5, 1856, Page 2

2 —— eel | when presching or offleis:ing at FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. Laces and Embroideries—How they are Made — —By Whom tuey are Made—Where they @©ome From—Why they are not Manufac- tured In this Country—Prices of the Differ- ent Kinds of Laces—Emtect of the Treaty of Peace on the Trade, &e , Kc. As laces and embroideries form a very considerable ‘tem in our import trade, and as they are every year in- | ereasing in importance, we propose to devote ® portion | of our space to them, in order to enlighten our reade:s | ‘pon their relative value ané order of precedence. Very few of them are aware of the amount of money invested am this delicate fabric in New York alone, or the ease with which the costliest specimens are disposed of. Lace at twenty dollars » yard—and that but one-tenth of a yard wide finds ready purchasers; so do capes at two hundred doars » piece, and jets at one hundred. In fact, nothing can be too expensive for the New York market; for, aa @ general rule, our fashionable ladies, acting, we doudt not, from an enlightened spirit of economy, object to imi- tations, and are only satisfied with the genuine article. Every year the demand for this increasas; and as there 1s not a corresponding Increase in the supply, it follows, as @ matter of course, that there is no thuctuation, or, ra- ther, no downward tendeney in the prices, Indoed, these ave so high that all save the inferior kinds, are beyond the resch of the middle classes, and therefore a profuse display of the exquisite fabrics of France and Peigium ix a pretty correct index of the position and woalth of tre wearer. But high as the price of laces have been and are, they have not yet attained ther meximum ; forit is eontidently expected that this year they will reach a fabalous height, and the signing of the ‘treaty of peace at Paria is to be the signal for their r.se. Ynis information we received from a member of the trade, who is thorough!y conversant with all its details. “How |s tha’’’ we exclaimed iu astonishment. “What effect can peace have upon the price of laces, except to Jowe: them “Iv afiects ‘bem in this wa: the last eighteen aloved aga‘ust En eluded laces, N sion for th: was the reply. ‘For mths the Russian market has been pean goods, and these, of course, in- the Raesian ladies have a perfect pas- ihe Stas, Bapmel with of this costly maverial. It ita way into this eountsy ehledy through the medium of American | travellers. #b> esgecty seize upou every opportunity to | become porsessors of these re ics of past times and an-, One la+y retururd lately with a cape 9 43 sbicrs Serthe of V for which sbe paid the b ay" derthe of Venetian point some sam of $600. Next in value is point d’Alencon, which caw’, promi. nentiy kefre the public lately in coanecti 19 with the ycutbfal sovereign cf Algeria. Agropo# “¢ that tofant petentaie: @ gentleman versed in sul Tuatvera made an estima’e cf che expense of his ou fit, aud caleulates thatit could vot be procure’ in New Yor for less than fifteen thousand dollars. We fear we shall shock a great wavy sensitive minds by ssying that the tirst idea connec‘ed with pint d’Alencon, tained by many nns)- phisticated indiviauals is, that it wants washing; and yet itisso, and itis only by degrees, andin ope- dienee to the arb'trary comman’'s of fashion, that we got over this idea, and become reconciled to i's dingy bue. The gauz-like delicaey of this lace !s made more apoa- rent by athick oord that runs through the pattern, breaking up the uniformi y ef the surface, and im; to ita uew beauy. Thedesigns which frequently take the medallion form, are exquisite, but too limited in number. There is not sufticient varisty—aot earugn to choore from: and this paucity of pattern is the feuls, not of point ¢’Alencon alone, but of all laces. However, there are some cesig’s beautiful enough to justity eadlers re- petitions—tiowers that look ss natural as if they ware growing, and buds that you half exprct to see unclose, A set of this loce—that is, collar and rleevee—sells for $120, and bridal veils goas high as $150. Petnt de gaze iully deserves ita name, for a more flay substance it would de imporstb.e to voncetre. It is as fioe thistle down, and looks swept seroas Tt close y point d’Alencon, but wants the cord, the distinguishing peculiari'y of Aiencon Ise. Brussels point ’appliqua rauks very high in the esti- maticn cf the fashionable world—mueb higuer taan any otker application laces, Apptication laces are of curse inferior to those from which tkey derive their name. Brussels point d’appliquets infe: ior to Brussels point, and Honiton point d’applique is not to be compared wo tne Teal Honiton. Applique is formed by sewing ap igs of the real point upon wlusion or ary other kind of plain laco that may be selected foragroumi work. Of course its value ia in proportion to the value of the spric: ; thera- fore the grade of this derivaiive lece, as we mey cai it, can be eaaily ascertained by referring to tue renk of its great original, Tuere are great quantities of application laces mace—evary point bas its oor: | responding potnt c’applique, which is lighter, ani bet- | ter acapted for particalar pnrposes thaa the richer article, Brnssela point d’app ig very rauch used for ources; for thia purpose comes tive eigiths | ofa yara wide, is wort from thirty-five to forty lats & yord lace is refcesnivg to lok at, trom jve! elegaucies of dress, and they are not yy eSpense The more costly and rech to be dete ‘Yhe art more certain i! is to fad a pz cig BM. Petersbarg, Bat, as 1 esi’ before the market has Deen elcsen fer the inet eighteen rao bs, and as the us sians do not unverstend tae manufacture of lace, tha laies of 3. Pe'ersyucg have nov Leex able toobdtain a supply 0 the coveled wciicie, or to keep pace with their Earvpesn +i a purity ofits and in thie resoact terms ap'earing 9 tho dark hued F y is only apparent, tor it h great end clear or Spanish whi.e, wit continues io re ain. of washing. aud as the § lace Hable to shri jac! ni ad manes 1 reason of ita use is » eagerly they wi'l ake sdvantage F forded by the peace to indemalty themseives fur th vohantary @9 Romy, 2nd every yard of lace sold in tersburg rais @ in the remotest market, ‘I see Ub he surplus will se diverted from a legitimate puzpise, and instead of serving to mode- wate anc steady price., will mersly inerense the Rassiaa wapply.” “ Bat ‘here never is 2 su’ plus; such a thing is nnknown fm the lace trace; we canjscarcely get time, anc thaiefore tue Russian drain will the market, fr while it diminishes the supply, it will ‘opment the prize ” “Then way rot manu‘acture lsee in this country?” we exclaimed; ‘‘ that is the only way we can become in G@wpendect of these European fluctuations.” “ Beeauee labor is too dear here; American girls woald not work f r five dollars a menth, and until they do, we ean never hope to compete with Europesns in this manu_ fectore, They could undersell usin our own market, and I hope,” aided our informant earnestly, ‘that it will be long before we dispute the mon p ly with them.” In this hope we heaiti'y concurred. Bat though lacs $e pct manv/ac.ured in she Uni'ed States, a great deal is made up here—thet is, tos Jeavesend sprigs ae import ed finishet, but separate, and then j ined together #9 a8 to ferm the design. Iuis is principally the case with Henivon, Be'gium supplies us with more laces than all the other Sourtrize of Europe together, and laces cf tae rarest Rind, the finest quality, and the wos: artistic de ign. Brusses point, point de Venice, antijue, piiat @#Alercon, point de gaze, Brussels point d’applique, gutpure, Valenciernes, ard macy others, are the producty ef Beigian indus ry aud ingenuity. in tact, lace is in @igecous in Belgium and has been so for generations. ‘While other arts have ceserted the land that gave them birth, and, like transplanted flower, flourished better on a foreign soil, lacemaking remained the national art, the Gistinguishing charsoteristic, the industrial speciality of Belgium. Kobi, the Prussian traveller, accounts for % by the fact that lasem.kiog was a feminine oc eupa'ion, and as women were less inclined to travei than men, the arts in which they exzelled were more likely tc remain stationary. In eome parts of Bal givm the flowers are made separately, and then worked ato the gr und, while others carry on the pattern and the cesign together. There is no arbitrary rule in thie respect. Inceed, every lace district has some peculiarity of its own, which distinguishes the laze made there from every other. The division of Jabor is carried on to such &n extent that it is almost impossible to form a corset ides of the time required for soy given quantity; but there is no doubt that this system expedites the work and renders it mere perfect. Indeed, it must, If there Is any tru ch in the old proverb; for tue same person, being aways exgaged on the same thing cannot fail to be-ome Proficient. The dvoieleuse continues to work a the ground, and the at the Sowers, and when they Dave finished, the striqueve works one into the c-uer and the tark is compiete. Yhe ground corjoiniy, and others form th: piercing heles, cr cnt ing out pieces of the ground, later are called fansuss, and the former faisens point a Vaiguit. The tbread required for Isce making ie Wanu accurea in Belgicra, and the finest kiod i: made in cellars, end kept there, lest {ta exposure to the atmos. phere would make it liable to break. This thread sells Sor 1,800 fiance & pound, and it has been known in some fmastances to reach as high as 10,000 francs. What woa- der is :t, then, that Jace resses cost $1,200, or the lace trimmings for one $600 In connection with laces, dependent on them we may be opportuatty af. Some work the figure and patterns by Toe say for iis existence, is a branch of female industry which | jt would be unpardomable to ‘orget—that is, wa:oing. Washing laces is a work of no ordinary troubie and difi- eu ty, end lags cifferent trom common washing as the work of the artist is from that of the house painter. Tha highest lavat rial talent only is engaged in it, and ty almost aspires to the dignity of an art. After washing the lace it la spread cut to dry on a cushioned table, and Ince pins —a peculiar kind, acapted for the purpose—are ran through each of the holes. By thix reans the lase fa kept streichee to its fullest extent, and all possibility of shrinking avoided. When the ince is very fine, or the pattern very intricate, an entire dy will be spenton one yard, and in view of this, two dollars or two dollars and a ha fs yard—the usual pricecannot be deemed exordi tant. Time was when Mechlin was ‘ Queen of lace,” but that time is past. Point de Venise antique now oceupics the first place. It is a rare old lace, Jignt and open, rai +d ia wome parts hike embossed work, and fully worthy ot its fame. We bave seen one #jecinen of it in wa establisn- ment in Broadway, worth $260, the only specimen, we beheye, in the United States. 1t looms like antigaity, end tanrports cone pack in imagination to the pic, Puresque Flemish cities in the olden times, when the wives and canghte's of the sturdy burghers vied with qasen® fm the magnificence of their appomtments. One could dream hours away beside these old laces, and build faa taste castion in toe air, and people them with floating forms, half bideen in their soft, wavy folds, and assign ty each a lot as sappy as the demyos upon waich we gursi Waile the rpell iasts we cam hear the sigh of reliet with which the pearant girt {lings selde her finished tase, anc wee the complacent +mile wita waich the high bors beanty takes it op, and notes iv ¢flect in tne polished mirror. And the specimen changes the venir benges. ‘this moment our brows are finsed b he odorous breezes of the Alviacio, and ths mext we hrick and shiver in the demp, unhesithy at- mosphere of an Boglith celar. Now the gloriog4 cath Grain of Fianders loom above ws; the Siw eoctay the [rise convent ech ike tae ao in a panorama, an aris 4 the ear an. cixpet the ilinsion Weare in New Y more, sented by a¢ unter in Broadway, aud gazing up» the rarert apectin-pa from every lace eountry in har ip» But to return to point de veniss wotique., [oe manufac ture is, we believe, to'ally abansoued woon'y found now a heirlooms ia faa mpecimen tuske Hight ot ali « rian trace,’’ who eagerly Happy ho succeecs in obtaiaing it. is more besutafal than ot 5 'y 8. to the great ée is of the “anit ny. for ite possession Not that i? laces, finer or more de-iente ip texture, or tha! its araberqas petteray can comosre with the elaberate beauty ana artistic derigns ot cther styles, but then it appeale to feeling acd sentiment and its very discoloration, like ivy on = castle ws), inciestive of antiqni'y and prophetic of decay, adda new charm. do not envy that indi- vidusl who can lock with indiffererce on a tars that bad s name and fame before Columbus waa chris. tenes, Jcint de Venise antique is seen more treqnes'ly jn Italy than in any other country, for the high aigetta- ries of the Cathelie church bave the robes they wear j fashion in 1842, and t Victoria, Commiser: dle cordisioa of the lace workers ut Devon. ized to assist them oriigirg ther manu‘acture into fashion, and in “arther- snce cf this Jaudable parpose hat her wedding droca made o Honitor #t once bacams the raze, and 79 & eacious was probation, so wite spread in effec!, th: was feit across the Atlantic, aad i | enced te ser republicans of ou: W hat aurpickus moment Honiton aud jace tbat in New York was thrown aside as worthless, and could with didiculty {lad « purchaser, became at oxce popular and expansive, and has #0 con- tinued ever since. A set of Hortton sells fo Tae workers of Honiton lace generally hve ia camp cellars, and this suite at once their business and the means; for it is necessary to keep the th-ead damp to prevent it breaking, acd the miserable pittance they are aole to earn renders iv tmp ssioie for them to pay for healthier tains. And thus, in these squallid underground bodes live thoie who minis‘er to the vanity of the wealthy, There from day to day, and tarough the li ‘org day anc many honrs of tne slient night, they wor a world. From %, spin not, may be more elegantly atdied. And so they live from year to year, now ahiveriog in tne winter's coid, now broiting in tue summer's heat, but wor! fg vhrengh every coange o! seaeon, forming flowers and j ral leaves and sprays aud teadris, which may be n for sueht.they know, and may be not—‘hey nerer raw them. How ‘tar apart, and yer how eer, are the worser and the wearer—so ‘ar apart that they will not meet ina lifetime, and yet so near thet the ois‘ance can be panned by tast sarrcw wed, Guipure is mate both black and white, and closely re semables the finer bind of Honiton. Bvack gnipure is vory much used for trimming, particularly outside garmen‘a, Darjues, mantiline and cloaks. }verch guipure is 8 closer mesh and thicker pattern, and has altogether bea pure. Fringe Guipuve, as ite name importa, is an amalgams tion cf two farortte Mfads of trimming, com‘faing tue ligutress of lace end tow wavy set. turmirg o very ek gant trimmicg. two to tive dollars e yard, uscording to tne wiath. Valenciennes is s wide, open wasn, and the adaence 0° any close or eiayzrave pa tern piv sok, poen Marly acuptec for trimming stavy k tWul than Valenciennes, bat none cen of fringe, snd Tn the ves ; there are no ce I} wre cmoeeted—ail are parts of one whole, Bridal veils ot this materi 5 irish point is a rich, beary looking Isca, with an air of iguily about it, remindling one of point ce Veni Bionve is too weil known to require any des every cne is fa ‘ sppesran kind of i. ig patterns ate iption open, suRy, Biucish-white lonce ix about the cheapest vas difficult ic was the work of misce ing ha: the reap eDgagsd in sow fresh from the plough for the Yiench pessaut when a feed or gs bering the harvest, aseisis bis fam’ | tacturing b once. We deiteve this is the case priacip ; BNormandy, aod in Caen, we have been told, ther not twenty jatmivies «ho are not so exgeged for tar. €r portion cf the year Chantilly 1ace & alwaye black, exzeedingly fine, an 1 re- | sembles point ¢'Alencon. It ie much nsed 4 flounces. Vor the latter purpose it comes five-eiy a yard wice ard cells ior $19 auc $10 4 yard. was dearer than ceusl, and ‘bis was occasiyne) war in the Crimea. so macy tumilies were th-os mi arning by the deaths in that fetai peninsuls cemano for chantilly became enorinous, and consequ a ly the prices went up. Strange the connestiom be* rs 9 of batcde and a rise im the, +5 Lyexs eban jy is a new article ia the marke’ che ntill uctejual to it, taough very preity, FMBROIDERIES. Our supply of emoroidenes 18 derived chiefly f-om ; witzerland and Scotland; tue tvo former, bo applying ali the dner and more elabora e ‘goac ever, mens, Asibe French emoroi-ecies are in highest favor, 1h Swiss have to come under that ca‘egury, and ars sold uch. .\ beantifel illustration of the power and foliy fashion ! ang a stnikiog commen-ary on the Shakspe- au query. * What's ia » nan it seems tous, how. ever, Iba: apy ove biewsea with the organ of signt and gifted with the facnity of comparison, would at oace @ palo Of excelieoce to the ~wies emb -olderies, app ting thar person to b ‘Tis tine the Fr a fon, but ‘takebly : the groanawork t sight cf, and “be patterns are throwa up on vhe surfa e, while the sft tine mus'ia rests unde ceath, Ia the more fcisned Swiss spectmens, on wie ¢mt-ary, the groundwork di-appesrs—not a trace of ths original material remains, and so arifally have the blauk spaces between ‘he paterns been treasiucmed by the msgic of the needie, that the ches of jeaves and flowers seem to be connected by lace almost as jine e¢ point d’Ajenson. te would be almcrt impossibie to euumerate te various ures now made of em oro Colwre and sleeves tora 9 ewall i em ip the amou underssirta, night dresses, mourmpg ¥rappers are profusely embzoidered. a sbort, nothing seema complete or finisned withuut it. We ave seen one robe, waicn for eiegaues of da-'gn could not be surpasses.” Ic wae a lily petwern, usving uo variety to recominend it, but depecding solely on ics simple elegance; ciusteriug Dunebes of ilag like leeves, springing froma common centre bo! u9, some tall and straign? a» @ lance, others Venomg graciously duwowarde, and softening he sta e.y rigi-ity oc the reat, while t5 erivg far adove the taliest was the crowning glory, the peerievs lily; its petals as frean ae if the gentiest summer sbower had lightly failenen them. This as we aid, wae simple; but to euit different taxter, thera othe: profusely trimmed wich Valencienses lace, ant oraa- mented with quire a perplexing numoer of ii:tie tucks, #0 mulitudinous that they would have be- vilderea the arithmetical gezer, had they nov been by & Dbappy forethongat divided at regu lar intervale by rows of inserion whica hepad greatly to facilitate the process of calculation. * not the only maserial that is emoroidered now: flaanel, linen, and cimity have their value enhanced py ths sane process. This iast names material makes @ very pret: cummer dress for amsli children, being cool-looking a: ng. Speabiog of cuildren remincs us of the tn- e amount of sabroidery used in the'r thing from the intani’s baptiemal robe to the boy's fancy jacket, Dresse#, pantaletter, spencers, capes. aprome— everything in rhor, which gives as oop rtaaity fur tae display of tasiefui ingeauiry, i+ \ake2 aavaniege of and paeres firs: of ail uncer the delicate fi.gere of the em- broiderese. It cannot be denied that there is #9 uetking fascinating about laces and om .roideries—somethi ag that Spveals to woman’s instinctive love of the beantifal: a. while she retains her taste for toe elegant aud refined, and possesses the means of grati'ving it, ¢9 long will the trade in isees and emoroderics go on prospering anil to prosper. REGISTRATION OF LLerreRs IN Cantrornra, ¢ | For Great trrvain.— We ere anthorizen to atate tha’ airuetions on thit ¢nbjest will be vent to the Postmas | of San Frauciseo by the next mall, in order that | wens in the Pacific States who desire to do | once aveil themvelves of toe opportnaity o Feo Cadfornia, Oregon, gle ra eof postage, incluting the five canta | regintratt , wil be thirty four (34) cents, prepay. | ment required, Hitherto all letters transmitted botweon California and Great Britain, in doth d been sent ta a Colowed mall,”? all the pos which requires ty be paid in Great Bri This arrange wills ntinue, at least for the prenent, rogiaterac jot excepte¢, the late arrangement requiriag tals cl, Jetiers to be prepaid. Jo Great Britaia tne regi ma, have fee is uv od to be trelve cent, 40 that on | in Great Britain for Californi the «ingle rata of | Pestege wil be forty-one canta—Washingon Union, May 3, was sought after, 7 in order. that the but erfties cf eocie'y, who t 11 not and | look, Ivis rather dearer than the Brassels gui- j Ita priee varies from | " | dererved 2%, unces and | NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, MAY 5, 1856. Tn trem Mcxieo. OU MEXICO CITY CORRESPONDENCE, Mexcoo, April 18, 1656. The Church Froperty Contest at Pucbla—Argumenis of ‘t+ | Bihep and Government—The Main Question Overiecked— What the Saini and Fashers Say on whe Suljiead—Autri- | ty of the Counciis and ta Value. | You hava no doubt received the dearee of the govere ment confiscating the ceciesiastieal praper:y in the dio cers of Puebla for the assistaroe given by the clergy to the revolution of Hsro y Tamaziz, You have by this tir also read the response given by the Bishop of Puebla to this pohtics! messure, in which he posttively refases to obey that deczea, To ihe unsophisticated, the reasone of the government upon which the act is predicated, and the reasons in answer by the bishop upon whicnjhe este his refusal, would appear clesr, plain and straight‘r- ward. Put, im iact, both the government and the bishop are fighting sby of the main question, and their reasons, to far, are put forward as feelers only, and not as the real grcurce on which the dispute betwean them will Sally be contested. Why shouid the gov-rawent seize the prcperty of mans, and tre fees belonging to souls in purgatory, in order to punish the Sghting priests {n Pve- bia? And why should the bishop iovoke the wiadom o the fathers and the bely counails of the church, well knowing that it Is not app'icab’e to the question? The explanation is, thst the government waats the church property for State parpores, and the church wante the tame for the private conventence of the clergy, One p27 ty wishes the question to be discussed as poliicul; the other is equally anxious to ciseure ft as relig! far the gov-roment has the best of it, for the property has been taken, snd a paper cailed the Pairia haw beea stopped for publishing vac letter of the bi It is euite refreshing to see once more in priat qnota- tions made frum the eld train's aad the couselie of the Roman Church as authority through which ro tr titles toe property. The gooa bishop piles them oa ind! imi » well krowirg 1 tame tins fret humbug. He kaowa ke on to the sainisif he hae hopes of buiding on to biv in fac, he buy ao other auth upon, Bat the govermmest is werk, snd the cl knows it, The church alco is weak, eithuvgh it Las 4 cst ali tho wealth of ths country, N 5 property The atte 7 by rome kiad of @ivine warn a past age, and been effectnal'y expo is held thas to hold pr depowit, hes been covsiantiy ot. ancien retuted, Upon this subject Saint Augusting ex- presses himyelf thus:— je: wast zight do you to defend the possessiow of the chures—by Dirine o> aman? Divine rgb! wo Lave in ine in the laws of the kings, From whonce comers which thices ave held, if not em hac) cau be seid this farm ‘8 mine, this house iv lave iy rains, Sappors (hat ue rightes theem 15 od, and then bow could you say (hls “arm i Do mot cay, what bave] {9 do with ¥icga, what have! in common with emperors? deca’ yon what have yoo in common your porseesions? Do not, ther, esti these things your own; you, W120 renornce all human tight, by virtue of waieti yor hold tem” op does not quote St. Augustine, but 5 brosto is equally sevece im fllowingrapon the same «id therefore, citing himia unfortunate tm the letter. Tae Emperor Justinian ocdered St. Ambrosio to give up & whioh used todo, bessusa sre; bur if i: had been otuer prop-riy he would bays obeyed. ‘Do no: beiisve, fmperial authority extends over the things of perors bave the palaces; bichops have the churches. he treats of my goods, ay pa { belonging to me, 1 will gire i | acted oy the Enneror, we not refuse to pay it, | fields that belong to the church pay it. | Fraperor # shee rhsve fields he can take chem. 3 | us will oppose, The aims eollested in tne viliage will 1 suffice for the poor. As the miaisters of | us hateful to him fem there Uaprtes, | taken, fagreeacie io hia, {do not give #! ! not retuse them.’ la savther place he says } tiches ef the chuich is the , Mad it porsesees no other 1 { | ! ' “ The thing.’ The hw pero- Constant! take iegacies, and in tue ew od) 1 sickbeda of widows and othe: med ‘“‘iegacy hunt reduced the decree of the Pu peror revvEing tue Law of Constan- tine, and Corbiading the ive legacies, | Jercme di speas o: thin 29 follow Trebames me ¢ | say that the priests at ie pagea idols Lnfoons, te eters, ard gelsy slates wie permicted | | while the gy and morks are ‘ory iden, ) tated not by cae «£1 | the mos: Christian p | bet f had allows? shop unfortunately ¢ measure; lu comment- 1, Bt, Jerome ae church has ‘cenea as lost In vite ent that tho birbop could ant Ly .cvoning tie 21d om tha due rower avd ms these cnotations | goin nothing in the way 0° 2 | of the sein cnish hin with oo buter Nor hss the usiop atte apted this fact respecting way ove oi the canocs w jers to. From the earliest times. 2 con¥ waged between nopes ed prices, as to the binding et ) Which at Jast hae terainat q | salmon’ ungsimous opimica that the canons have va throvgbout the men Gatboiic treaung of things spiritesl—o? beli-f, aod ot mora of rites snd ceremouiss. Wa deh upon temo ral matters, every not adept the same, a3 in rev‘atton to preperty. things, o> temporal! no valicity excep: in cmmiries Where they are expre:s'y recognised. £ ia reason measures aprcov counsi and even bulls o7 the Popes on wa'tera pertain ing to externa’ diesiplic erly, have very otten been repudizied in i ic os loaa. ‘Vhe proceedings ot the Hely Coanert cf Trent were recognised ia ano the greater part or is sicds in matters of di-cipline were never a tanwledga a4 Yaild in the Spanish domnions, nor ia fact ia the purely Catholis kicgdome. Tae bull or the C: generally been cepuciwied by Catholic goveram= which, moreover lave refused submtseion t» evecy re sompt of minstion and silowing the proper in sme instances, ia eoncoreate Cathonc sovereigns, respecting bulls, have recogr'se2 their tight to suppre rT retaia taem. refore, I may 5B; uh sa‘ety, tbat this time no one atserta ibe supre mary of the popes ic tamparal matters of the church, «x cept tbe Bishop 6° Pue la and ina Kaow Nothings in fli “pited “istes. Bishoo Hughes elaimet no Divine right in corwer lots whea the Atate of New York divee’ed mum of the legal! title. But if he bed reasoned like the Bishop of Puevia and \(>. Brooks, he woud have had to oney the built of the Popes, the canons of the councils, and nd 20 3, me, until erpressiy consented to, after ex- ws The popes, ered into with on. | _It is well mown that ne papal bull, mo canon of a eoun- | efl,no Poman rescript, nor even | Mexico without the express permit ancil of the Indias, The Spsnian «overeigue, moreover, positively prohivived ecs'ecian it: frem mequiting property ia this | country. Tha King of Spein et one time took away ali | the property of the Onpachins. Im 1767 he expe lea the Jesuics, aco appropriated wb ut £7,000 000 belooging to them to bis own state pu: ip 1804 ano:ner reizure of eburch prope-ty, to the amount of #tx millon: was wade by the royal orde: in Mexico. opposition war made. but no prelate qu thority sf the Stats, «l hough many of them, in lenctay memorials, enteayored io demonstrate their imp lisy. The ~pantsh and Sardiniaa governments have recentiy suppressed the monasteries ‘a those countries, acd ap propriated their revenuss. J'rom taese fecis it seems evi- at rights To uncerr'and the public affairs. o you perceive, search the Scriptures and read ail the canons. Bat rant wih politics you would. on the comtrary, read the resolutions of 98, ani driak mint juhps, 4 ener dent that the church bar neither Divine nor leg to its vael weslth. OUR VERA ©: Z CORRESPONDENCE. Vira Crvz, April 22. 1856, Tamaris 1 Refugeo—Hse Shelter in the French Prigue— The Laie Emperor't Som en voue for the Cated Sater — General Arista’s Rertains—Vidaurri Pronmned-=Gen Glalardi Wounded—The United States Ship Cyane— Another Gadsden Treaty. Haro y Tamariz and Qsodo are on the Prench frigave Penelope, as refugees. It is thought that they wil leave on the Texas to-day for the ['mited States, Aagustine C. Tturbide, the youngest son of the Inte Emperor, ale> leaves on the steamer today. He has been granted lears for several months. He is gallant officer and nos'e gentleman. He was born ia New Orleans, and adacated im Pbilacetpbia, where his mother now resides, at the a - vanced sge of seventy-three years, She has never re- Visited this country siuce the death of the Gmperor. men ory ‘s s\ili worshi pod by the people. An oflicer has Seen sent dy the government to Europes to bring back the remains of Geu. Aris'a, ex Presidest Of Mexico. Hewes & great mau, cud the people have found it out atlas. there ie a rumor her? that Vidan-ri end that tre govern:nent heve sent fo under Villareal agains: Lim Garza ix said to 00 ia favor of Videurri. Garza in the orave, intelligeat aad yoathfal Governor of Tamawiprs. Gen. \itiardi is bacly wounded, and will be « eripp'e for life, He in ove of the best generals in the coan He was ove of ‘he leaders fa the Itaiian revolution + 1818. He bes resizned, bat the gowe-nment cep: bis resignation. The Cyane, United States sloop of war, hore; ano cficers ail well. Her cap'aia is Commanaer R yb), of Virginia, She leaves to-morrow on « cruise up tne Mexican eoost. On yes eréay the confirmation of I": was celebraced with great )omp. Gen. GadeCen is expected this eveniag, and ff he ac: river will sa onthe Texas Gadséen Trea y. Quien sabe, OTHER NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. [Correspondence of the New Orieans Rae ) Mexioo, April 10, 1858 ‘There te iftile poliMeal news sticring. ' Tae revolution which was crushed at Paebla, altempted to rear ite head hia pronounse, thousand mea ideat Comfort There ism rumor of anothsr near Tolcea and Morells, but the movement proved utter- ly abortive. At Costa Cnics, in the State of Guerrero, trere hrs deen am insurrection, but thie is Alvare:’s affair, and Guertere is 20 comp! ay una hie contro} that it is regarced se formieg part of the Mexi:an repu- lie only by name. Alvarez is sovereign ruler of that State, and «oes exac'ly as he pleases. I will cite oua example as ev dence of the despotiam ot bis will, The Mexican govevnment had muds a contract for the purchase Of cortaia sieazoera for the Paciilc service, and for a eup- ly of coal at Sav Bins. A larga quantity hed aecumu- fied at that place, when Alvarez in order to pay the expenses of the Cos's Chisa campsign, quietly eld the ecal to the Panama ard fan Frarciseo Steamship Com- pany. and rece!red part of the osyment in advance. Im the Trait @ Union 0” the 19tb, jus’ published, there is @ sort cf protest »riffem by ‘ica. Romalo Diaz dele icat tue interpretation given by O-monfort to cle of the sapi alation of Pacble. His let- ter ie written freely avd boldiy—aimost {asclently, one would say st Vega’s object is seems somewhat doubt’) to se, Perbape he wishes to fixtter the friends and old comrades of Haro, sud place himself in of Presidential aspirants, in the eveat of a new revelation. Usege 1s not dead. He wan delivered in safety to Alva- rez, by whom, it is ssid, be will be vanisied to the | 4 of Caballos. This is emell. barren, sandy spot in the Pecfic, exposed to the vertices: beams of a torrid sun, without vegetetion, dw-llingy or inhapttants, The waters which surround It swarm wi hsligators. Once » day on Indian Jeaves the main lan‘, and takes to the captives their pittanee of food; sometimes he forgets it. Death would bea thouta d times preferable to a sojourn on this dreary and ¢esolate spot. Jf Uragais to be sent to Caballos I'pity bim from the bottom of my heart. Admiral Zerman sbout three days ego tor Aewpulso, Sinse then wo have hestd nothivg of him, and his ene- mies declare that bis departure was only a pretext for running amsy. Some of your pavers speak of a difficulty between Meters. Barron acc Ferbes, <be Uaglish «ad American Con- kols @r Tepic, and Gea. Deg Mado who expelled them ar dangerous and suspicious charse‘ers, promoters of revo- intion and cemnivers st smugalipg. 1 cannot pretend to enter into the merits of this affair, but will merely say en passant, (bat Mr. Gataden ie bat lissle disposed to sus- tain Mr. Forbes, the American Consul, News from Brazil. OTE RIO DE JANEIRO CORNUSPFONDENCE. Rio pe Janutao, March 16, 1856, Cholera Progress Rate of Mortality Law Triais—Sate of American Books ~. ‘The cholera con‘inies to rage 1 uw 4 parte of the y empire, butte 2 more Uviled degree. The deaths hii! een in th 7 as many aselghty por day, and gra Ny decreased to seven per day, om the av. smooth, it iuereased + lay, and ince the lst of care It ia private'y reported th few cares of yellow ‘ever have eppesred, but | credit ig those reports. fi uly healthy. The chs 2, intormed me they enjoyed most pe hes ith oa beard o: thai The prevailing direase in mos'l7 co slaves, who go but coor'y clad, without shees and fro- quently without bate, and carry large and heary var dens on their heats in hot weather, Brazil hos truly bad a heavy blow from the hend of Providence, but we nop? the day is tot far disiant when we shall havea more healthy population, end #68 @itty With tee or biden to tease the plags of the poor Aticans to freight, Ons last notices fom s neighboring city, Campos, state that it hss deen visied by a snock oi am esrinuahe, not severely ielt, how ree On the 29/h of Inet month an arrest was made ia tho Custom House of s box of clothing, which came from I is: bon, in which a {s)se ocitom waa discovered, cn opening which over 1,000 talse bank novgs were dircoverci. One person has been arres'ed. Tue affair is involved in great soystery. The Viscondega trial is efit exelting great attention. Teamvolves the round acm of threes muiions, iastead of two wiliivns, If tke Viseondes shall lose this suit, their estate will fal to throe brothers in Lisbon, brothers o he repcrted huspana of ths Viscondegi Thie case is to go thoough the h’gher courts, Tae crimmal case of the Peoyle sgsinst Nathaniel Sands, an Amorisan, is 20¢ yet decided. 1: is a charge of having Bade false despatches in the export office in despatching goods to Buenve Ayres. ° There is to be acid 2 consignment of 2,000 volumes of asgoried American Looks at auction, at the house of Max- well, Wright & Oo, There are but few who read English ip thta city. The total numter of desths from cholera at Rio de Jsre'ro, commencing at its appearance on the 25th ot Avgast, 1955, to March 2, 1855, was as follows :— bas tome eno Sa ved to the Afries Women. Pree, ‘ Bit Stave 040 Condition net certain, Tetal. OTR BOSON VORRESPONDENOE Borrox, April 26, 1856. tthe Presilency—a Uf Register of Deeds— An Appropr iation—New Spiritual Paper. tuaiis!# are about to have am organ here, to ba of Light. Jt will be w large quarto weekly, and will be published by Bigelow, Coiby & Co., gentiemen svery way :ualified to do jusdce to the world of reality snd the world of shadows. They In‘end to make it one of the Luest specimens of typegzaphy eve: seea in Amerize, !t willecntaiz plays by Shasspere, and novels by Scott and other “eminent bands,” if spirits bave hands, and dicta‘ed solely for the newspaper. A friend, who kas just bean conversing with Shakspere, says that thet great ¢ sscured him thet he superintended the getting up of ‘Miseummer Night’s Dream” at the Bostoa theatre, and that the persons who built that establieh- ment were moved to do so by Shakapeze himself, tor tha parporeof heving his dreams brought out in » prope: manner, The new pley ia which he is engaged is supe rior to ary that hs wrcteon earth, which is but reason able, as be has got rid of the groseness of the flesh, which weighed on bim ag well as on common men. I am happy to hare it in my power to state that Sbakspere expres ly endorses the excelience of Mrs. Barrow’s acting, whiva isan act cf juetice to & beautiful, ao amiable, and an able woresa. ‘There is # strong desire among our whigs to support the dexcoeraric nomines for the Presidency, provided he sbail be sueh a man se they can honorably vote far, and the democrate cannot reason expect aid from them exeep* oa honorable conditions. Two weeks sinse a dis- tinguished deznocre*, a member elect of tue C noinaat: Conveniion, met Mr. * * * 3 © %, now oar leading walz, ani the ccpversation turned upon the Presidendal eles tion. The whig sid that his party in Massachasects weuld vote for Mr. Bachsnan, but scouted the ides that, unser soy circumstances, they wou'd go for Gen. Pierce. I think be expressed the sentimert ¢f his party. They despise the President. and think that, even were hea better.men then be iv, he bas bat his ‘ull share of the good things of po ic je Presidential term is quite enough fir ® man of bis ca.ibre, wh» never ought to have had tbat, aod whose thinging of a second term is an uct of superlative impucence The whige, under certsin conditions, are yet a power in Massachusetis, though considerably trimmed oway from whet they were. I should say that they are 20,000 trong. and couid rally that number of votes at & Presidentw! election. They threw upwards of 13,00¢ votes icr Govervor inst year, ano it fs known that some six ce seven thourand wiuga voted for Governor Gardner, to prevent the election of wr. Rockwell. Unite this force with the 35.000 men thet voted for Mr. Beach, and you have & total ot 56,600 voters, or 4,000 more than yuted for Governor (ardner in ’55, and e'ected him. But some decuction would heve to be made from this number, and It would no: de wise to reekon tne force such = coalitt:n could bring mto the field at more than 60,000; but «o> ever shal! have 50,000 vo'ers will carry this State for Pre- sident io November, unless the opposition should »- well united, and that cannot be looked to unless Mr. I a0re should volunterily retire from the fied. Should ton »p portion unite, there would he no talk even of a univ bo tween the whigs and democratr, as auch a proc- Jing would be useless; nor evald one be made in suppo:t ot Sty euch Cemoorete as Pierce or Dougiae. Some of the whg papers tak as if they would, under n: con- ditions, have anything to do wich either of the other rties. but the cemoorata lily im sinuate that they are only striving to forces up toe value of what they have for sate. Yhis may be an uncharitabie view of the matier, and it pret y sa’e thing to count onthe superiative pig-heaccduess of whiggery. |, is supposed thst the unionde:ween the gants jaunce and the blouses would be almest too fatal to the furmer in the item of ont to make their contast with the latter at ali jurable. A proposition to appropriate $80,000 to enlarge ou~ City Hal! was rejected in the Corman Counc.) last ‘Thurrdsy evening. cy & vote of 24 to 21. The majort'y probably thought that the cost would bs got up toa quar- ter of a million, in accordance with ancient prece wn an? #0 would not appropriate the tio. We are to bave an eieciion on Monday for Register of Deeds. The Americans have nominated James Kise. A stringent bili has been introduced into our Legisla ture, providing for the esfety of ratlrond passenge-a, It rejulres that evory passenger cat shall have ® goo brake, and that one brakeman shall be employed to eve. ry two cars, undera penal’y of from $100 to $500 —ne bal{ the penalty togo the complainant. No benkeman shall be required to do any otuer duty while the train is in motion that stall cow pe! his absence from his proper t, under @ pecalty of $600; and any brabeman abseat- brmeelt from bis post, under any pretext, shall bo tiable to a fiae of $50, and held accountable for aay inju- ty to persons that shall result fron ble megtigoncs. [vis proposed that the law shall go into effect three monihs alver ite passage. Sport on Lake Surgrior.—They contrive to get some amusement cut of iheic isolated position, up in the hyperborean reyiour o! the Saverior country. Under dete of March GOtn, a letter written to the Datrotc frre Preas gives an account of & ten mle fot race on the ice, in vbich Indians, balf-preeds, Irishmen, Germans, and Yankees contested for the pwim or the whiskey, woich- ever it was, Mr, Nergalea, aa Indian sporting gentle mar, won the race, shoviog great bottom, in one bour and ten seconds, Mr. Vinnigan fell out, Mr. Trov- ter could not ran. Mr, wpegae fizzled, and Binja- min, whos paren's were too poor to give him another name, was distanced. Such is the report of this laves* sporting sffair, which crea*ed great excitement, and ou the event of which several barrels of whive fish changed hande, Affairs tn South America. OUR LIM4 CORRESPONDPNCE- Lima. March 25, 1856, The Late Massacre of Americans at Tembutinga— History of the Case~-How They were Kilied—Bravery of the Des ol— Their Places of Birth, Tbave to return the HERALD my very sinvere thanks forthe prompt aitention it wax kind enough to bestow, for the sabe of hamantty, noon the ese of the unfortu- pate Americans murdered at Tambatings some moaths since. In the absence of any but official information pertain: ing to the masrsecre, i: is not very clear as to who w: to blame in the «flair; it seems to me, however, that when the party bad taken out their passports at Loreto they were fully entiiled to a free and unmolested passage down the river, and that the Governor of Tambatings ought to have adop'ed another course than that of send- ing an armed boat to inte:cep: the progress of the cite zens of a frien‘ly Power. Ninety-nine men out of « hun- dred, if met with by an armed party of men, either on a oad or a river, would have recourse to the same means to protect their persons and property. Ido not think that the authorities at Tambatinga, under those circumstances, had any right whatever to send a party cf soldiers after thore men, and at the firat sight of their Doat give intimation of their inten:ion to kill them all, How much more prudeat and consistent with common usage would it have been to endeavor first to arrest, and afterwards, if found guilty, to give them some netu- ral punishment | Another question ari: as to whether the Govsrnor of Tambetirga had any right to carry the porvere of his au- thority to tuch a length, for aciimo al’eged, by verbal information, to have een committed in the territory of a forage g- ve te The fat that uo> one of the pursuers was wounded looks to me os if tae Americans were uot, in reality, tue vggreseors; borides tre gieata part of them were men well acqueinied with 1be use cf tirearms, and oum provant President. Genera: Castilla, coald certify to their being the best shots, as weil a) the oraves: men, tu be fund in bis army when at var with Eshinique. it ¢oes nov, therefore, appear Lely that a dozea of such soldiers ad are usually stationed fa he Braz ian torcat fambacinga could contend so succe-sfully sga'nst nine sush men, who were (be terror of iuiqae’s whole arwy in tae lace campa gn. The srazilizn report ways that five men were kil'ed and that one getaway, [5 ould be more orulent for them to have ackrowle igo ©, for vine lett Lima in Juno, 1855, acd a Jovem: issaed passports to nite f Loe object of cin bing the suat 0 plain. My ova private opinion is th by some anacesuutadle mcane, go’ ‘@plice taat ary coud without difioutty newselies, mace ware of Do vps of the et deast WoundiLg LVery meu; and that wltee diog ao, and while tao poor deing ovad. veiw 1a sach a heiviots sivastion, land themssives. tuey were probadla thar, even vsfory ds: ne river t> eave the wrerenas Lue t diag of cay kind must hove ocsucred, {ping men Ov'ng kiued by musket pails ‘Who evor bes when contending aga'ast ona thua thelr an aber, aud that not one cf the parry of ten over recsived a wourd? Another assertiou in tho raport is worth ni pamely, that no rupey was found upon tse bol sons) of the party, and inst all the tl in their 5 had baew thrown p to the “engrgemes’.”” If those mex bad ms'¢ eelves rich ty “rob what did they a “neu every Hibtie towa upon the river,”? $22 mony? Could tney have hid it unknown ty the pursuers, wao “never lost sight of them?? Ad lastiy, woult they have thrown their last cent overboard? I\ does noi seem lo me to be 80; andl believe that if the truch was known, the world woud be made aware that i: was for wha’ little funds they posena- ed that they were margered, I¢ cea uot sesm to me at all uniikely’ that Corpors! Lima and the wretches unier bie charge bave wade a nice little sum out of No doubt it hax proved a profitable apesu'ation, as T have it frem good authority that mos’ of the party loft hoe well provi Cini mover, pe ea wat th ofa in the party who bai not sutticient funds to pay his way from bere to Pa'o, ond thence to New York, vg “4 In concludivg my remarks upon this subject, 1 would the you to undersiaad that I would be abeut the last person to upbold or sanction any party of marauders who wou'd wantonly and wi'tout cause or provocation force the last cent rom a de‘enceless and half civilized. people, whe f-iendsh!p, certain'y, will at no distant day be worth a geoo deal t> our country, What I could I would dv. bosause I balieve most Of these upforiunste meu to have besn above the Gisgrace thrown upon toem; because I wish to sae the Life ofan American citizen protected and respected, as well by his own government as that of a foreign country; becauiel think the conduct of Corpora) Lim and his subordinates, in this case, was moat disgrace ul: becaxse I think a lesson ongh’ te de taaght to such authonty, for the protection of such «four citizeus as may ata falare time have oxcseion to pass the fort of fama inga. Tuese, Sr, are wy only reasons for appealing to justice ia favor of the poor untertauare ‘ea, who cannot now vil their own taie in the ears of other than their Maker and pray: ing Ubat some cflieiai inquiry may be made into tne sud- Aa seqvaintance of mine, who fs now unfortunately out of town, was weil sequam‘ed wita every individual ymthe party. He knows their names, birtaplaces, &:s. He told me the ot ver cae thas the pav'y consisted of six Bative Dorn Amezisens, one Lriahmen neturs.ized in Cin suother lrishren no uralized in Baton, and the otber a German, who wok out some of his papers im the city of Sacramento. Important Amertecan invention. FRANCIS’ COMBINED ARAY WAGON AND FERRYBOAT. {From the Moniteur, Fe», 2, 1853. The Emperor, atvenced by the Minister of War, an aice-e-carmp apd an oflicer of ord.ance, repaired, ou the 2d of Feb-uary, to the bauks of the Seiue esr the Ecole Mititoire, to witness the expcriments made to demovarrate the quaiities of 4 nee army wagon of wixed metal, which Mr. Francis, of New York, had cunstructed to present to bis Majesry. Mr, Franels bezen cy giviog some information on the mode of its constractiun ano the process emp oyad to ive great st h tos very thin and light meta!, and be furnished a proof by siriting with al bis might the frame, aud always on the same point, using a o'g ham- mer fcr the purpose. He afterwards bad the wagon, with all its train, Isunched in the water, where it fleated hkea boat. The men cn board, to he number of sixeen weat on the rides, without Being abie, iu spite of al thei: efforts, to make the gunwale touch the surface cf the water. The wacon, afver that, was directed into the curreat of tho river, to show tba‘ a hesvy joad ¢.uld be by that mesos transported from one bank to another without its being necersary to take off the whiels, so that a train of these ‘wagons could continue to fo'low their route withcut the feast hincrance. Afterwars, the train belog detache), they mano-uvred the tumbril separately, like a row boat. The experment bac the approrstion of his Msjes:y, who had tue binaness to speak twice to Mr. Francia, avd co7- gtatu/a.cd hm on hia sucsess, Tne Emperor caused Mr. Frencis to give bim a dutatied account of thee metalic boats which have acquired 10 great a celebrity, tue models of which were on the spot. After a minute examination, which Issted more than an hour, his Majesty exbidite’ the inveres: he took in these’ inven- tions, ar being an important improvement fur the ser- vice of the army and navy At the same time Mr. Francis toformed his Majesty of despatoher be bad received f.om the army of the United Staves, giving an acccuut of an expe ition of 1 00 milen on very bai roads, during which these wagous bad crossed rivers, floa'ing. wi h their cargoes from one bank to the other, but fr whicn any stream of water could have stopped their march Navy Reform—The Attorney General's Opt- lon. [From the Wasnington Union, May 2.] It will be seen by reference to the official letter of the 'y of the Navy, in repiy to « commuuication from irman of the Na Committee of the Senate, that the Attcrney Gereral’s opinion was taken as to the true interpre‘ation of the ‘‘Act to promote the efficiency of the navy,” and tne proper mode of carrying the same into execution. We find, on reading the report of tne Naval Committee, that they coneur in the opinion of the Attorney Gerera] that the law did not contemplate a public trial apd examination of witnesses. The com- mittee 18 compored of Senators Mallory Thomson, of New Jersey; Fish, Sifdei’. Jaunes and Beil’ of Tennessee:— Navy Derarruest, April, 26, 1856. Sin—Your communication of the u6th inst, requests me to inform you whether, in the execution of the ‘Ac to promote the efliciency of the navy,’ the opinion of the Attorney General was taken as to ifs construction and effect. and if so to tranemica copy of sueh opinion. Ihave the honor to «tate, in reply, that his opinion Wes called for on thres successive occasions in re: to questions aris‘ng In ths exsention of that act. Un the 16th of June. 1866, his opinion was requested and rendered in writing. as to th effec: of the proviso at the clore of the lat section of the act which provider that no officers upon the board te be baht to make examinations into the effictency of officers of the navy “shalt examine into or repor’ on, the eflicteacy of officers of agrade above them’? He aavised thar the effeet of this proviso was to exclude officers of euch ia- ferjor grade from partiupation dy their presence in the deliberation on the subject of the officers of @ superior grace. Subsequently to this. the Atto: General was @on- sulted by me orally on the sudject of the regulations for he government of the board, which the act required vhe Necretary of the Navy to prescribe. and more espe- eisily upen the point whether. according to the teaor and true inteut of the act, the proposed examination was to be conducted as @ court, with arraignment of parties, examination of witnesses, and a report of the Tevsons of their finding in each le advised that such was not, in bis opinion, the requirement or con- templation of the law. Finally, on the 14th ef FeSraary last, the opinion of the Attorney General was gtveu in writing upon certain questiong regarding the psy of the officers of the navy, ae affected by the provisions of the 24 section of the uct, which questions, and the answers to them, appear in full in his written opinion. lhbave the honor to be your obedient servant, J, DOBBIN, Hon. S. R. Maniory, Chairman Commit! United States Senare, Sap Scicrpe—AN Item For THE Liga Fra- TerNiry —The Chenango Telegraph savounws toe d-ath of Benjamta Witbur, aged 60 by his own hand, in tho jail of that county. It seema that he was top ismned tor conts Ina suit which he had commenced agains! a man ho bad charged him with perjury, He abandoned the suit because o1 ita frequent portponeme: inebility to pay the exprn-en of his witnesses, ecourre. threw the evsts upon him, and oeing unable to pay, he war placed in prison about a month since, hie ao preyed upon his mind tnat oa the nignt of the 0th of April, he gashed his left arm wich a razor, aud was fund bare'y alive next morning, When efforts were made to reatore him, he expressed a with to die, aad, refusing to take apy medicine, be soon expired, = ened Our 86. Thomas Correspondence, St. Thoxtas, April 8, 1856, Oppressive Hospital Taa—New Post Ojjice und Postal Ar Tangements—Venezuclan Mails in Linvho—An Attempt to Water-— Pinner at the PresiJenv’s—Smallpor »—Ausiness and Health of the Island, St. Thomas bas been the seeae of excitement for the past month, hospitals, post offices, and water monopolies have been Ciseus<ed im privete cire'es, and at: public meetings, with % zeal equalled only by the impor tapce to the trade of the establishment of the first, the abolitien of the second, aud the refural to grant the» third. Notwitbetanding the commerc’a! importance of this place, there is bnt one hospital to which a sick seaman can grin a¢wittance, and then not until the unprece- dented fee of five doliars per duy is secared to the es tablisbiment, which is invariably followed by an extra for mecicize of at least ona doliar par day additional, This siate of things became so burthensome to com- merce, and its copsequences £0 destructive to human life; that our Consul fe:t it his du y to represent the matter: ‘to this governmen’, which he did in a communication, which I sce was copied into your paper of the 25th ult. from the St fhomes ?ims. Oa the 1th ultimo, tho. Consuls resident at this Island met, ani adopted resolu. Mons fully approving the plan proposed by Major Helm ora “Free Murine Hospttel,” and on the 13th the ship- mastors in port, o/ all natione, held a large meeting, wh’ch the iol} x preacble and resolut'ons were uow pimously adoptea:— Whereas, in our opinion, buvantty demande of all commer: merela) commur stles the oa and suppo"tot suitable hor pitala. by means of ap equi ale ‘xx apon_ saipping, for the re- cepton of all stek or divas.od seamen; ant heréas. there i6 no hospits. in the talas| of Bt. Thomas, be- ing one of the first polpte in commercial! | mportance ia the West Indies, to which inva idiseamen ean obtain acce+a without pay- ing ‘be ruinous acd exorbitant comtge of $5 porday each, exc U- arve of pills ‘or medicine; and there charges have become burdensome and op- the eh'pping of mil natine vietting this istaud, od, wi Tresult in grew lojit'y 0 (ne commerce of the by driving veasele away that would ocharwise seek busi- ne Rese here; aid read with much ploarnre che letter Whereas, #6 bave Chas. J. lela Keq the United sates Couonl, wo 9 ot Pros\- dent ot lend, dat o inst, po slished e St Thoma Tidende, propreirg © pian tor & teeu ho»pltu by mean of sy. tounue duty; therefore, be it eso ved, Thut we fully wrd entirely appsova of the schema as prop’sed oy Unat.1, Hal Feq. Oniled states Comauil, fom oo a Marine ros, {hal to be fea, and, the eraciion ahd env, an traders to the i Abat we regard Win as an Ro oro; fopru’ Helm for his forts tn the ew butasnity. end (o ase fo it bende de bier and te Pre {n his teply to Major Heim, favirs bis plan, snd admtts te nesessity of w ehanze in ‘be ey: heme governniee nm, and bas relerred tae master to the alever may be the result, our poop'e will ur od such & TX 199M commerce, which |g onlizitely more burtbeosome than the Sound dues at the Baltic, for few vessels tha’ have disenarges or takon in a curgo at this por! wituin the past four months have e-caped wisbont p4ytog exch from one to five hon Grd dollars hospite! fees, and there are ssveral instances: where vesreis bave been cowpe'lel to pay over a thou- rand duliora in these v fees whilo undergoing repatse here, This is apply ng ive shes to dcaw out tne life blood with a vergearce Until the !s ins), ail levters ar.iving at this idlandesme immediately to the consignee of ihe vessel briaging them, abd ware »y bim distributed, Thie p'an worked admirably for bail a century aud was in keeping with @ free port: but on the let inst. & new postal or letter gathering or- Targement war made, ard now al lett arriving et the a, except thove coming by the Royal Mail Packet ny, sre teiz+d by the harbor master, taken to the new Port Oflice, where tvs or three hours sre consumed in assortirg end weigning the mu‘l of each sailing vessel, and a postage charged corresponding to the weight of exch lever, As this government has no mail routes es- tablished, letiers a.¢ not 1ereived to be forwarded, and the ten theusend jevters sent here tor other points are kept until the postage is paid by come charitable person. to whom they are delivered, to be pnt in the proper channel to reach their destinsti in. he result will be that not ore is ten will ever leave this’ siver collecting letter trap. On Sunday, thé 13th in-t.,- the Venezuelan mail packe! ariived; the mail bags wecvlocked and sd- dressed to the Venezuelan Consul, bat were taken by the boarding cflicer to the leea! Post Office. The postmaster sent to request the Consul to come to the Post Office and open the bags or send the keys, which ho’ dnc'ined to do, claiming the mail, whic the Postmaster refused to givo- up. Tne Consul then protested agaicst the proceeding. and claiined the maila, on the groand tha: his govern- ment, by treaty, t# placed on the footing of the most favored nations. aud ceciaced tie mai! bugs should not de opened, unless Celivered 'o him, or toe British Maid Packet Pos! Oftice was ciored up. Inthe meantime, the merchants were clamorous for their let.ers, which were raid to contain a large auount of rexittances. Thus matters st-o1 for forty-eight hours, when the interested merchan:a cal'ed en masse upon the President and de- manded tbeir corresponence. ‘Tee mail oaga were then rent to the Consul and cis'ributed: pat with the uoder- +tandieg thas the right 0” the Postmas'er to the mails in future was not to be prejuciced by doiag so. Nearly ailthe water used in this city and harbor falls the hes;eu*, yet cf the two or three thousand ves- sels arnusliy arriving bere, ona.fourth comes expressly for, and sil iaust be supplied with water; hence the busi- nese of supplyivg rhivs with wacer has become very i> portant. The government having given monopolies and protecticns to varioua branches <f tra’e, @ man Of the mania, and not being sa:isfied with a fair competi - ‘ion. which bopt prices wi a reasonadie rate, petitioned the governwent for a * water ehip sugplyioe monopoly,” whish creaie: a ‘ tercpest ia a teapot.’ Tne mer shants met cn masse, passec resoiutions denouncing monopo ies: im general. ane water monopolies expect sliy, and appoint eda cowmitice to remonstrate against the postal iano vation. On the 14 h instant our treaty with Denmark expired, on which d+y ibe President of this island gave w dinner to the American Consu! sud tay, to which most of the American merchants and families were invited, This was intendec an an evidence of the perannel friendship of the I'resident for our people, and a3 exbibidag his de- sire for ® continuatin of friendly re'a ions with the Uniled Sates, The smallpex is said to be ragicg at Porto Rico: Untortunete i leod! The cholera. which has consigned thousancs to their long homes, bas scarcely c mapletad its work of ceath, when it is succeeded by a seourge almost ag ternble, ‘There re mary caves of yellow fevor amongst the shipping hers; otberwise, the island is healthy, and business continues yery good. My last letter was ‘‘curtaiied of its fair pro porticns,” to which I took serio objection uptil my fell upon ticle headed “Mr, Speaker Banks not a Blick Man,’’ and found that the ecitor of the Paris La Patric had fallen into the same error 64 the hero of my story; it wes, nowaver, literally. true that some of the Brilisn naval oflicers, then here, rejoiced over the electi-n of the black reou»)1:an. I have consoled myselt for the lo-s ot my wit with the belief that you adopted the maxim—‘Tvo mush of a good thing is keod fer nothing.” The steamer Tennés’ee will sail to-day, crowded with passengers and full ot freight; the good accommodations of this vessel and the gentiemaul: deportment of her offi- cers will insure the succees ot this eaterprise, The Growing Crops. NEW YORE. The Rochester Democrat of the 3d tnst., saye:—In this region the crop looks well, but is thin iu some places, on scrount of the sowing of the grown waeat last fale Farmers put on one-quarter more #eo3 per acre, in order to make up for what was detective; but they say that, after all, some fields show that the germinasing prineiole was affected more extenrively than they supposed. We hope strongly tor a gocd, sound crop of Genesee wheat this year, tha: the reputation of our flour may be re- stored, and the farming community again be able to speak of Genesee wheat as the finest grain grown under e Fun. OHIO. The new crop of wheat in Ohio looks exseedingly pro- misiog. From Lake Erle to the Ohio, the fields are | covered with ‘he beautiful green plant, now some six or eight inches high, and witoon' is the conviction of the farmers and oihers, that unless some unforescen disaster checks the growth or destroys the wheat before maturity, one of the largest crops that have been gathered wil rejoiee the farmer next autumn. The Toledo Daily Blade has information that the wheat crop looks finely, and is growing with antenishteg rapi- ey a the southern and southwestern portions of the tate. Speaking of the prospects for good crops this year, the Urbana Democrat says:—As usual, the Paceany ih iene nections of the country are ning already to predict hort crop. There is not the siightest indication of such an oxeurrence. our coan'ry friends assure us that the prospect of excellent crops wan never better. —— ‘The roft, le nbowern of ihe fow past a 0 noft, seasonel owers of fow lays, #2) the Detruit Advertiser of the 24 inst.. "are making the most for the wheat, and are doing for it ali whieh can be done; but in many places, and especialy where the snow ws blown quite away. it has been winter-killed Where it has been protected by sheltering woods from prevailing blasts, and where the snow lay undisturbed upon it, the crop hardly ever looked better, oh earners unless in very sheltered situations, are generally cut off, not for this year alone, but the trees are killed outright. In conversing with ‘armers of obser vation in Oak.and, Livingston, Genesee and Kalamaz3o, we Jeurn that such is the cage, atmost uvitormly, Ia the county of Wayne, the same thi g is true, and even upon: the Detroit river, @ choice and fav rite exposure for peaches, they are mostly killed. In speaking of this mub- ject the Lansing Republican cays: “ We notice that many f our neighvors bave cut cown their peach trees, the ae: rere winter baving ailled them tothe ground, No more peaches in thia vicinity tor years.” Nee Cotes eh TULINOTS. e Chica, ress says: From all parts of the count: wh winter wheat tas been town, We ays our exchanges an} from traveliers, that’ the fields give pro- mieotanabun ant crop This is generally true of our State, thouph the plants may perhaps be winter-killed Upon some of the more exposed ridges, aad there has been bardly rain enough to bring them forward rapidly. The DeSoto Farmer, published in Jackson county, sayathe prospects of farmers ta Southern Illinois, for ‘ge crepe, were wever Letter than they are this season. bare spot in sight. It very field of whest looks well, Grass bey afford pesturege, Half ot tie peach crop is injared; ng promise (inely. In the timbcr districts there is little in- jury to the trees. MARYLAND. The Elkton papers nove @ great improvement ia the ap- pearance of the wheat crops since the late rains. WISCONSIN. ‘The Wissensin papers ray that the wheat is growing with astonishing rapicity im the southern and south Western portions ofthat State,