The New York Herald Newspaper, April 6, 1856, Page 2

‘te the presence chamber of the nouveau né, when each Raving ‘upon the baby Emperor, deposited her beau- tifa fragrant bouyuet. Cortes, no man better knows his business then Napo- leon. Of all the responses he has mace to the numerous Wellwishers who have gone to offer their homage, su:él, Boos la mm better teste than that 12 the Logtslarive “I have been touched,” he said, ‘py the mani tations of your sentiments on’ the birth of son it bas pleased Providence to geant me. bave naied io him which the You the hope «f that pe petuity shall guarantee every interes: in the coantry. But the unanimous acciamations which surround hie eadle do not prevent me from reflecting upoa the destiny of those who were torn in the same place snd under the same circums'ances. If I hope that his fate will bea happier one, it is that before all, ian trusting ia God, whose Protection {cannot doubt, seeing that he has already by s coneurrence of such extra rdinary circamstances raised thet which for forty years he had veen pleased to ,as ithe liked to render venerable ty wartyrdom misfortune a new dynesty sprang trom the = of the people. Yes, history has its lessons which I will ret torget. It tells me on the one hand mever to ‘abuse the favors of fortune; on the other, that a dynasty Bas no chance of stavility it it does not remain faithful Ye its origin by occupying itself solely with those popular iumterests for which it was created. This child whica is ecnsecrated in {ts cradle by the peace of the world, sow ech by the benediction of the Holy Father— ht by electric.ty an hour after its birth—in a word, the acolamations of that French people who the Em ey much loved—'* que V Bmpereur a tant armi—thie @hild, Tsay, will be wortay, | hope, of the destinies which a The Emperor wisely by every ac: keaps befure tae peo- ple that he :emembers the rial of bis power. There isa rgeous room ix the Pavilion ce Ficor ints which the han- wat workman is admitted with as much empressement ‘ana Fieid Marsnal of the Empire, when bis inquiries art apncunced by a chamberlsin in full court costums, who bands him a book wherein he inscribes his name. He mounts a stair-case covered with a carpet of cut velve’, his a @ fy apmounced by a valet ce pied, in moe. rial very, a gigan ic memer of the Court Guard, with steel helm and cuirsss, presenta arms a3 he passes, as hs enters or makes nis egress. All sesures him thst if he treads the vestioule of the sovereign, he, himself, is ons ot oe sovereign peopke. On th fetous cecasion the Emperor has granted Bumercus pardons 0 wilita Ta the esta Mehmen’s where the purishment of nard labor and the Doulet sre inflicted, 69 soldiers bave reseived tots! re- missions of the punishwert and 86 pactial remissions. Ail pecuniary fines and imprisonments, sceused for 0” against the customts, reguintiogs, indires’ ta: &e., are remitted Lit ewise, 803 parions for trivial mis dexeanors. 500 000 francs are tanem trom the revenue of the Mutual Benetit Societies, ag a ¢308 ion ia favor of Esmediately ares tely after the Empress’ delivery, 1. t#llizenee was despatched by en ayer ‘4 the Gare of Bu,”8t4, the King of Saicivia, the Queen of Swain ani to"? Sate Sree Hak pate, you are aware, at « little ‘eluek, an o’elook the Sere Saleh: andy he weune morning (he congratniatiens of these it ree tie! Personsges. Count O-lotf was one of the ord bo wei 7 et bas alcesdy veceived the title of Rua du Prince a re child been boro ten yéars azo, where woull heave been ali these b'ushing honors? Panrs, Msreb 20, 1856. The Secrets of Napevoni: Policy—Napoleon /1I. \ Defines His Position” — Discourses at the Tuileries om Occasion Of the Birth of the Prince Imperial—Recowry of Prince Jerome—New Grand Crosses and New Marshals of France. Whe Menifeur gives a fell acevuat of the c»remontes and Ciscourses at the Tuileries on occasion of the birth eof the imperia! heir. You will 20% fail toremark in the repies of the Emperor to the felicitations of the members of the Congres’, of the Senate, the Legisiative boay, the Gouneil o! Siste and the different deputations, many sig- rificant paseages which ‘define his position.” They are, im fact, a suremary of Napoleonic ideas, In bis reply to the President of the “~,i, you reorg wise ah once or nephew of bis uncle,” the falth'ul fol- dower in the ‘fooisteps of his ilastrious predecessor.” Napoleon the | iret has been justly pronounced the mature] organ and head of what may be simost called, from its extent, the modern party. He was the Zou.) ofthe nineteenth esntury. But while emphatically the man for the times he was too shrewd not to borrow from the past whatever might lend prestige to the present. Be revived mary of the old forms and titles, which, i! evta tor fools, are but counters for wise mea, and on some of (bem he stamped s new snd real value. Now, Na. poleon the Third has inherfied a name which appealed with untailing eloquence to the instinct of the masses, for it represented in their eyes no faction or party, but it signified victory—vietory of equality over privilege, mastory of demceracy over kings and nodies, victory of the French revolution over European dynssties, Tae people, by mil ions of votes, (however many you may subtract as due to inordinate pressure) chose him as tne delegate of national sovereignty, He holds the power efatterney which ris uncle held as mandataire of the yevolution. At the same time that he remembers the trigin ot bis fores, be would {ain avai! himself, like his prececesecr, of such reminissenses of the ancieat mo- Rarely as the title whicd he bas bestowed on tue new —the Brfant de France bert hace the Bf intentionally,’ says the Rape ia effect, the Emperor Napoleon, my wacle, wis hat to the new &ys em created by t.e revolution 10F. the ancient regime possessed of grandeur and e’e vation, hed revivea the ol! éensra! ion of Eafans d+ France, The fact is, gentiemen, that when an heir is born Ges.ined to perpetuate a national sysieq, this child is not merely the offspriog cf # single faraily, ont he ia really also the son of the entire country, this neme indicates t> him his duties. If this were tue under the ‘anciest monarchy, which represented more exclusively the privileged classes, how much more #0, now that the sovereign is the elect ot the nation, the ‘irs: citizen of the ccuntry and tae representatice of the taterests ofa'l.” ‘Agate, in bis reply to the Presddent of the Legidlativs body, you will obeerve the same fidelity to oie mite ideas.” He thanks M. de Morny for saiutingin the new born beir the fon hops of “the perpetuity of a system which is regarded as ihe surest guarantee of "he general interests of the eountry.”” He resp nds to th» allusions of the President to the cestinies of the King 0: Rome, the Count de Chambuid, and the Couat de Waris, which are eonficently contrasted with those that await, it is nope J, She Impe: is! Psince, by saying tant if be expactel » hep: pler lot for the larter, it is becaaze he relies on the pro- Yeeron of Providence and does not forget the lessous of history. History ‘‘waches me on the one hand, that the favors of fortune must not be aduasd; on the other, tnat dynasty has no other chanoe of swoility than in re path fro faichtul te i's origin while cecupied solely with the popular interests for which it was created. 1 ehild convecrated in i 6 peace now in pre retion, by the beneci Holy Father, brought by electrisity witbia an hour after its birth, aud finaliy, by the acciamations c this ‘peoo fe whom the Emperor a> @early leved, this chill, I say, will be worthy, I trust the destinies tbat a In reply to the Pre Emperor compresse be Hey. fn carrying it o ‘the Council of Stat at of the Council of State, ta» a ‘ew brief words the sum ot he counta largely upon tae I this in"imate counsellor of the Seerees and of his government, initiated imt> ali his ideas, and sharmng in all bis acts.” “Strong in tha trai 5 lof the first Empire, you elabo consecraling the g.eat prin pacity the country, ccms0l a pare the pesceabis reiga of ciples of the revolu'fon, ontrol parties, and p:e| resive that the Emperor seizes thie oczston to the word “liberty,” waich hehas more tuan avowing of the trust reiterate once pronounced his firm intention to make ion to power, the erowatng « social and polttical editice poring to osc Nor can a careful siudent ct the bistery of Napole. from 1836 to the present hour, doabt but that hs serious- Jy supposes what Le eails ‘rational Nberty” may one.day erown the ay stem of government wich bis uncle estabiisn- e@ and which he has restored. Now we, repabli2ans of the United States, regard Liberty as the keysione of the arch, not as the mere ornamental capital of a colunn, not evea ‘as the crowning of the edifice. Our ideas of political ar- chitectore differ considerably from those of the Freach Ours are not ‘Napo eonic idees,”” We would set the by Yamid on its base and mot on its apex. h 4, they ¢o these things otherwise, if not batte ‘The genius of Napoleon the First and that ‘Thirc—for the latter also has proved his possession genius—consists {n having taken things as they are ‘and made the mort of them. [t is a practical which masters circumstances by making tuem ea just as they are, as elements in its most complex Dupations. a The resalts are certainly such aa ty hini-r us from denying, whatever our] preconceptions, our «ympa. thies or Gur antipathies may be, that boto these remark able men were right in claiming’ to know well the Freach people, “Croye: que je connaus bien la Franct’’—Besiewe tet I know Franoe well—aid Louis Napoleon Bonaparts to Col. Vandrey, in July, 1834. We must admit tuat he was not more mistaken than his uncle, who was fond satire d the ame thing. thus particularly on the passages in which of the French has just ‘defined his posi th because the ascret of it is impsrtectiy and aot ‘im our coustty, and because the his:orical iaip tance of the moment in which hia words ware ut ered Jends additional interest te them. In his reply to the Count de Walewski, Minister of Foreign Affairs, aad Pre aah the Congress of Paris, the Emperor derigaates the actual moment as ‘one in which an ers of general reeonciliation announces itself to Kuropt.”” This i+ al- most @ repetition of the fsmous Bordeaux phrase, “\! £m see ¢ ced la paiz'’—the iimpire is peace! It may rove as oracularly ambiguous as that was. But {t nas n welcomed as indicating not only the certain but the immediate peaceful isene of the conferences. Tae Pari journals of yesterday evening reproduce the news 40 pori- rel ven in the London and Brussela journals, t in order to avoid the necessity of a ren Secrmistcr the Congress will make all possible ¢! ‘to conclude its Inbors during the present month, nud will conclude them, leaving the drawing up of ths the treaty to s sub-committee, compose), a+ to one list, of Lord Cowley, M. de Bourqnsney aol, M. de Branow, the Udant de Cavour. and Pras fait Paabe’ Another list replaces M. de Buaol by M Hubner, and gives no representative to Sardinia sia is represented on neither list. Passive as the part allotted to Prustia i the Congress eeems to be, the arrival of her envoy, the Baron de Men- teufel, was the first decisive indication to my mind that ls Vkely to result from the Covferenses at i'n It in rate to presume, that it Prussia ix invited avt to ce- Mberate, but simply to stgn, mest of the work of tue Cos Mxens hax already been accomplished, and art'cies of 108 wri yerdy, or nearly ready, to be signed. How peace \| endure after i: shall have been concloded ment wtill reMain » roblem. BY the approashiog mar- Hoge of Prince rederic Wililam, ron of the heir to the Prustign crowe | moni firmly estad i hed the Princess Royal of England, eld. | erashed by the counter revolution In. Awe will net be forgotten in ‘ . — revol whenever that =y come. But, the next revolution,” look at Austria and her poly Concordat, it you would see breakers ahead. The monta of April vil serhaps decide whether the Nuxeio of the Pope, as presideat of a synod which he has convoked at Vienna, on the 6th proxims, or the Prinee Archbishop of Vienna, as president of # meeting conycked by the Austrian ernment for tl yplicar tion and tolerpretation of t! id thelr respreiive pretensions, or whether the oontlic' claims of Church and State will be reconciled by some ing»ious compromise. Tne whole of Catholic Europe—the whole Obris.ian world, in fas'—is more deeply concerned in this question cf the Concordat than most of us are aware, To return to Paris and the Tailenes. The health o° ia encou- the Emprese, as well as of the imperial baby, regirg. So is that (in & parenthesis au “che Palin Royal of the ex King Jerome, who is his t inflamma:ion of the lungs, Bverybo een Prince Jerome would not survive this stack, and the birth of an imperial heir; and as he 1s considered as only @ sort of fif.h wheel to the car of empire, no one reeized disposed to shed many tears over hia opening rave. By the bye, (in another parenthesis), the old ex: ing, it is seid. some time ago, morally cif nded his grandson from Baltimore, whom the Empecor deigas to call ‘my cousin,” and decorated with the cross et the Legion of Honor for his seryises io the Crimes. Prince Jerome persisted, in spite of rem nstranca, in calling his grandson ‘Monsisur Patterson fis,” Tne young man was very reasorahly provoked aud neither he nor his father fias since visited the Palsis Royal, unless it be that a reccnci‘lation has been effected during the recent ill- ness of thia brotner of the first Napoleon, I perceive thst my parentbesis bas become a paragraph, and I will therefore end it with four lices which may never have been printed in the United Ststes, and which were a1. drested long, long ago by the Chevalier de Bouillers, son of King Stanislaus aca the celebrated Marquise de Bouitiers, to Jercme Napolecn, returned from a crutse ia tne Medi- terraneaz, and whom tke author met at tae Princess Eliza's “Sur le front couronné ¢e ce jaune vain queur, Vadmire ce qu’ort frit deux 0a trois aas da guerre; Je ’avais vu parir resemblent & sa rear, Je le vois reverir resemblant i son feire.”” I must put ina new ard final paragraph. The mili tary weca! end the granc cross of the Leztoa of Houor, were sulemnly Jnid by the Grand Chancellor on the oreale of his Highcess the Prince Imperial, Napoleon Eugene Louls Jean Josep, before bis Highsess had faitly opened nis eyes last Sanday morning; the grand crostes of Ministers Fould and Hamelin; and the new hatone of Marstals of France, con‘erred on tae 18th on Gotta! Raxdon, Goveraor General of Algisrs, and Goae- rala Gs. DFobert and Bosjnet, for “eminent servic 1 Lave nearc®’Y torn to add, the 2,660 Freach baste: — rerie Sacphe °F Louise Josephines—torn on the sime Fy (ihe Gea) 9% tho imperial P. in: for whom the Emperor and finpr’® Will be god/ather an} goimother, Our Itwiag Correspondence, Rome, March 4, 1858, Motives of the Anciety of the German Powers to Secure Prace= Reasons why Russia and Austria Desire to Con- soligate the present Imperial Dy“ of France—The Ap prehensions of a War btween the United States and Grex Britain at an End—Me White and Black Races—Inte- resting Ethnological Controversy amongst the German Sa- vans, de., fe. Ap armistice has been conciu7ed for a month het veer the belligerent powers, and ths probability is that a psace ies will be made before the Ist of April. It wil not dea lasting peace, but merely prepare the stage for a larg: and more meguilicent drama. I know well that the Hag- Heh, Ministry do not wish for peace, I know that the corsmercial interests of Eogiand are equally oppos«d to such a peace as may be concinded now; but the attitude whish the German States, now including Prussia, hava assumed, commands pesce for s number of years. I ses that little eonfidence in an eventual peace is repored in States, avd tbat the press especially thro 76 the honesty end fide ity of the belligerent powers, as wells on the sincerity of Austris; but ali these gloomy foreb2dings will amount to nothing. Long before our Corgress adjourns will the newsef peace, final though not lastirg have reached our shores. The moving cause to péaee in Framev, Austria and Prussia is the iwpostidt ity of continuing the war with- cut affording aduitioval e2ope to the democ-atis elements of acelety, and thereby increasing the chances of the re- publieans throughout Europe. England has lese to fear from tbat element than apy other country or government of Earcpe, beeause, tu the first place, loyal.y ead flan- keyiem Doth are ineeparable from an Eogliahman’s con- stitution: and, secondly, because politieal revolutions in Great Britaia are effected so slowly, that politizal changes of great moment may be maze without mate ially deran, the organization of society. This is impossi- ble on the Coutinent, where the year 1793 ia yet felt and dreaded, with ail its fearful consequeaces. In 1848 Russia cou’d look ou with self-compiaceacy and see one govarn- ment after the other trailed in the dust. Waoatever ‘weakened Germany, Frsnce, Italy, Austria, Brusle, wae a potitive aceersion of power to hes, who alere stood ua- moved by the etorm, capable of giving new lawa to FE. rope after the abrogation or forcible avclition of the o ores, Russia, therefore, cid net interfere untfl the Hua- gsriac innurrection threatened to spresd into her own provinces, Her intervention in Hungary, therefore, was merely a meneure of self preservation. So far and no further cid she aid Austia, and so fer and no farther is Austria indebted to her. The case, however, would be very afferent if the democratic element were a:ain to obtain sway in Earope, In such # case the alliance be. tween Frevee, Germany, ly, Poland and Suugery would be made snd concluded, and the revolutionary | spirit would remain in _the ascoaganoy, by turning iis arms sgeinet Russia, Such a national war of Woestero Europe sgainst the Asioesa of Ramla wot be a very élfferent thing than the war whish Fraroe, for dyuantic interests, and England, from commereial prevision, has waged agaiust the Czar. In sack @ war the heart of Rursia might be successfally invadel, or Russia berself revolntionized. With these prospects before them, it is very natara} for Russia to desire peace, and to wait for a differeat condition in Eeropyan aifsirs, wefore she again at temp's the dismemberment or annexation of Turkey. Pruesia has the same interest as Russia to desiring pesce Though the royal family of Prussia may be exceedingly well cisposed towards the family of tue Czar, the reia- tiovabip and consanguisity of the twe ruling houses has in no way ated similar rentimeats between the Muc- covites and Germaus, and both the King of Prussia as wells Baron Masteutfel know bat too well that it woaid be dacwerous, at this moment, to make an appeal in fa vor of Russia, ea to the army, The officers of the Guarde might exhibit some enthusiasm at auch a call but the ravk aad file of the arm: 4 especially that democratic institutt _fandw hr not be trusted tocarry sveh a more on the part much aifec which bay of th As to Austr and eeonomy ia’ ber house hol manization of her Hungarian, Sclavonian and Pol vinces, and to allay the spirit of insurrection i Venice. She could not now resist another pol ] # spark throwa iato any of ret the whole Italian penia least the wise and pradeot y wanta pe i Heo. i Louis Napoleon hae not failed ty { excellent as troops might be to suppress & mob or factions bee! require to be fed, woico can only be done witn money, and that thece- fore, for the very object of maintaining his army, be must not drain the coffers of Frauce. A mill 1 of troops cannot kesp up the quotations of State securities, and Franee caznot continue thy war wishous paving reoouree ty anvther loan. The French Eapire has ive for & year or two past on credit; the peave wid enable 1o support Iteelf by {t¥ ordinary means, and this, to gether with the secret societies and rapublican cl eonmtitute a very lent reason why Lou shouid sincere y the re-establishment ¢ Europe. Bat there is also a re: rt should both desire to consolidate t ofFrance. They fear taat Loui senwes the strength, {n wih the French peop'+ try, the army and clergy) to ieep the lican elements in chek, aud that thing that might befal him would to their own seourity and power, St. Petersburg evull not now check scelalism im Germany; bat socialism i4 hopeless aa iopg as Louie Napoleon hoida the reias of power in Paris, A trip from Paris to the hiay re atn nut twelve houre; it would take mouths for a Russian army to appear in force before Berlin or Vienna. {yui4 Napolecn, at ‘his moment, is got only, as some affect to believe, & necommity to England, but nels equally necmmary to the well belog ot every Geriaem Fringe, imei ting i the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia, aod t every man who has anything to lore in Europe.’ Tala it in shat makos him mt this crisis the arbiter of Racope, He is the last check upon a general revolution: while, at | the same time, he 4, like hit great uncle, ita imperial terminus. Tho extremes not oaly moet, put they mye: in one apd the same pernoa. All these things, taken together, ceriaialy {ntrease the probability of pease, thovgh by no means ingure ica dura. tion after It shall bave been ooncluded. Lae poscs w ll not forever crush the republicaa sentimen’ of Europe. it will not destroy the desire of the differen: nations of £ rope for liberty; it will not secure the triumph of le; macy, nor cana few years suffice to permane: tablish a ¢ynasty onthe throne of France, seventeen Lord id not enffice to eateblish the dynasty of | Philippe, though Louis Philippe was a man of wiadom discretion, and the Napoleon of Pence, f basty were crushed just when the world ¢ Wile the liberal union, after they were total iy are now ire Reassia aad Aastria present goverament Napoleon alons p Nbsolate popularity with the pow .an- mosratic repo nsequeatly, wu qually destracsive many and the hope ‘ | prerentatives , mean ge i gig ge TO i OUT RS i YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, APRIL 6, 1856. revived by that same orthodox The elements Tevolution exist in the social eonditien of apa ia crease with the efforts that are making to consolidate the present system. As to aby war between the United States and England, Blah poe already oh are completely at an end. ‘The already chuckle over the subdued tone of jan in Washington, Lord Palmerston Coy it = ait, for hay mile the enlistments Mr. Coan, while » little more oan and manly consisten: rt ‘would either have settled the Central Ame: ae aeeation or driven his lordship into hieatir ps I know no other governmest in Europe by which the course of American politics is more clorely watched and ‘understood than by the Papal govern- Nothing that regards our Maternal or eats ive oo Cres without oagion,| m “hae » aaa other government in atoms “Th of Mr. Seward, Gen. Cass and Mr. cuyton aa aot yer enit, nor does it suppose that Know Nothingism will be ® permanent feature of our domestic politics, Om the contrary, they expect, ard with some hata too, that the perrecution of the Catholics will inerease the number of the faithful, and thereby their aggregate power. In the midst of the general breaking down of all sautho- rity in the United States, there oannot, it srgues, be an up- hoiding of any fixed principle of morat or church govern- ment 1s so mu¢h # water of necessity, that it must be resorted to, sooner or later, by al! who sheli feel the want ot eulliy 9 ® point that ‘affests progress, ‘In propr- tion as politicel au:hority fades or ceases t> be respect- able, nothing can restra'n men’s passions and arbitcary will put the power of the church—the Diviae law pro malgated and ee d without sshiam by au established priesthood.” Tbus men reason here; and being more than any otber people in the world that I have seen gifted with endurance and patience, calmly wait for the tine when history shall veriy their prediction. They poin: to the subterranean churches and catacombs where the early Chiistians were odlized to mee. and pray aud perform the last rites due to the dead, in order to avoid the persecution of the Romans, and then to the magnifi- cent structures of St. Peter’s and St. Paul’, which the trivrophsnt Church was able to rear with the combined wealth cf two worlds, With France, Austria and Bel sium to back t)e Papal authori'y—wish bristianizing Turkey, and the hope with Sardinia—the expectations of the Church do not scem to be raised to so high # point as to appesr ridi- — more thi ly ment of Rome. external relations esca) a Minister in ioformed of what is the question of negro slavery, in its a to Kansas, in nearly dividing the United Svat eparute curfederacies, @ very interesting argu goirg ou accong the phil sophers of Garmany as the svecific differrnces betwesn the two racer. The digs: burg Journal has beeome the bastle field, aud the war is going on with bat ealmuers of philoadphical inquiry which marks all ecientific investigati ne of thst semark- ably patient and indas rivus people. The opiafom to which the edi'ors and rome of the regals: conui of that journal ioctine ts, that te negro race i: eati éictinet ard cepara’e from the white race, that it phyrically 86 welias morally acd intellectually {afecior tothe wiie race, and that eherever the woite acd are compelied to live wgether the binsk racs ys he duomed to occupy the in’erfor station, ant beccrms ifs seivants. This, you will adimt, covers th: whole ground of dispute in'te Uni'ed states, aud is the more extitled ¢) notice as f: is no’ tae opinton of pro 5!» very men, of ¢lavehoiders, or any persons having in we Jeaat degree an ivterest in upholdiog our “ peculiar insti tation.” ‘the ivte ests which tha Europeas, 4] tive Germans have im the solution of this ques! merely derived from philoropby snd nataral history ; ered FOlitics nor political esonomy have aught to do “One of the authorities qaoted Im support of the edi tere’ opizicps 13 Dr. H. Burmeister, one of the ablest German profesacrs of natural h’story, now at the Unt- yersity of Halle, in Pr anauthcr of great distine- tion. one of whose lates: works, ‘The Nataral Huetov < Creation.” Tulways koep wi b b me on my t-ayels, t9- erie es gether witt & ec iy “Tasperé, a. Low Constitution of the United States. Well, this came Dr. Burmeister has a year or two ego returned from « trip to Brazli, where he haa pers. nally watched and observed the habits, as wellas the physical and moral inclinations of the regrote, and where the result of his personal obsecvations fully confirmed his conelustons, derived heretof:re from abstract scientific reaconizg on.y. Hear the Dr, himself, end ‘he naive manner in wnich be expresses himself ;— Although, gocording to my whole experience, 1 cennot acknowledge the corréstness of the opinion that the black man stands bedily and mentally below the white mar, and where they both live tege: hér the bieek mean will al- ways be the se:vant of the white I could not help feel ing a certein preceliction fe, the black man, which made me obrerve them #4 cx! adith 03° cts of natural history with erhanced interest. Notwithstanding thi+, however, T cid uot susteed in suppressing a certain Giegust whieh Tfelt for them as soon as 1 came io ocn'ast with them. I loved them, as it were, theoretically, as lorg as I only Anew them et a distanee—no long as J was not obliged tu live with them. Since I was ebliged to live with them, I felt a certsin repu'sion, and my Jove was changed int» ditl’ke, ‘The whole personal appearance of the black man is diragreeable, tess so from his conduc: than fiom bis physical properties. Spesking of the s'avea in Brazil, the doctor saya:—Oo the whole the negro isa jo)ly {¢.low, and coatent with hi. lot, if not overworked. He works Lis time out, not zeal owly, yrt punctuaily, but needs supervision not to be- come lazy. A certain manual dexterity, whick remini- you of the ianitative talent of the menkey, be certain'y porecsces, but invention and power of composition Ihave not observed in them. If the master gains the affection of the rervant, the latter will never do anything ageinst his will; ibe ‘obeys merely from fear, then he does whet he plesses, when he is not watched. Left to themzelves, the blacks have something fanny in their nature, whisa convinced me <f their uomlstakeabie approach to the character of the monkeys,”’—Vice Voysge to Brazil oy Prof Bormelster, Berlin, 1858. 1 leave "these Tacks for the cc asiceration o' "the North American Keo, Rows, February 28, 1856. Chances of a War Between England and the United Statas— Little Sympathy Existing for the Latter in Europe—Lou. Estimation of American Diplomacy Abroad—The Great Danger to American Institutions to be Found in Fieach Ascendancy. Until very lately we have not been alarmed with the immediate prorpeets of war; but I confess some caution will be required to avoid it, I refer, of course, to the relations of England and the United States, and the po:i- tion now assumed by the belligerents in Europe. Iwrote you in my last that I had no fear whatever of Ec gland provoking s war with the United States: but if she cam manage to show to the wor'd and the Britieh naticn that a war bas been forced upon her, the situation of pubiic affairs in Lurope 1s certainly favorable to such s deplorable event. Whatever opinion may be omit ad by the newspaper press at home, wha‘ever opinion pn! ticians in Washington or other parts of the United States my entertain, peace will be established ia Europe. Rus: s'a bas gone too far in her advances toward a general pa cification of this continent; France has gone too far to meet Rusrit; Russia has made too many steps tow-rds loosening our present alliance between Eogian] aud France, to allow any thinkieg man, on thi: side of the water, todoubtfor ® moment that anythicg else but peaoe is contemplated by the Powers whose representa tives are now arsemb’ed at Paris, [ven if Russia should fic the terme unpt ble, she will rather yisla than prolong the prerent contest under present auspises; and though England’s polisy may require # continuation o tne war, che will rather make peace than disagree with France, All Kurepe wants peacs, perhaps for « renewal of the struggle, but even in this cage peace will be made and thore who calculate upon any other issue wi | be se appointed. I trust no auch disappointed parry will be found fa the United , and hence I continue to reitera‘e the opiuton I expressed as early as Novendor last, that the prerent war in the Rast is at an end. Now tr the posi‘ion of the United States. Itis nit of- ten tha’ men who speak the truth get mavy theaks for It but it ie often a Cuty to speak the truth, even waere it+ atteranee way p-ove unpalatable, and paige fraught with some danger to the latter, Now the truth fs, that if the United States were now ergages in « war ith any mariti Eurcpe Power, we should have no sj apathy in that which, in ita weil understood self: cept interest, might procea!t from the ruling power of Russia I purpssely Co not say the people of Russia, becwusa the people of [aavia are as yet far from kaowing and eymps. thizing with other, much less are they capable of aympathizing with our Iberal institu'ions, Europe at ll; this moment is monsroblo ra! reseons:— 1. Because the republicans of 1848 have chown little or no capacity to govern. They bave evinced some talent y inclined, ani this for rove for des’ tion, but very little ability to acl as architects of a new sce‘a! edifice, 3. Becsuse the re-establirument of monarchy ix France has led to democratic measures of government more fa\isfactory to the people than the besuti‘al phrases of Lawartige, Louis Biaue, Ledru Rol a Because England, in which the wonarchial prinsipls hes been mos! weakened, exhibits the groatest mumbar of inooratia abuses, and with the most abundant moans lack of efficiency cor: esponding te those abuses, Fi- nelly. 4thiy, the Geampie of the United States, which {s by nO meabs, af some of our professional fatierera of te pee , ainmmp orators, Or the editors of our official organ arbington would say, 8 beacon light to ali nations sapiring to Hberty; but sometbing now held up in Urry rem to all nations diseaisfied with monarchisl instita- tons, * Would you have such institutions as the United ak the monarehial editors of European presses isded multitude, Toey makequite a haadie of the fact that the struggle for power in the United Stoter has, on more than one oecasion, ended in tho ale. vation of an orinery man, neither partiou i guisned for talent nor poli ics! integrity,to the Presidential chair, and they point with exultation to Mr. Pieros’a di- plomatia representatives in Europe, aud triumpnantly suiomit the question, whether (here isa monarchial state ‘n Europe diagraced by stmilar ciplomatists or consular ogente? “If our European diplomat'ats, coneuls and other government agents are not mora'ly ruperior to the Anserican appointees,’’ they pay, ‘‘they are at least men social refinement, some learning, and beyond ali doubt ed of good reanners,” “Mort of the American re- t ‘are not fit to enter ® par- le, and would not el tile.” This ia one species of compisint, but ire is yet another, and a « cone. Our Awerican diplomatiste have dingraced Ives by the Ustend ( Sonfereness, which bad nsi:her ional nor # loyal aa, and at which priaciples were advanced much saore befitiicg anclext Rome (I Tome i her reatgat glor y) 6 highwayman } (or, they be notloed an of the a). Ly . ers @ smiler = history ey can scarcely con- grees " the representatives of one tod owe ~— power ins country, tor purposes not av a Jorn inn trail therworil. Ties’ conberanse sod the filibuster character of some of our ppm have deprived us of much of the rea; formerly paid to tue couniry of Washinzton, not only by the povple, but the governments of Europe. it these doings have gone far to lesson the respect in which our institations are held ia Europe, the offisial rympatby ‘exprersed on all occasions during the present have dimivished the war, for Rostis, must certaialy mpathy i classes of nacity in Western Europe for that people which, claiming to be tiee, was most anxious for the ruccess of absolutism. The people on this mde of water do not stop to inqure what privave motiver had ter that sympathy, how annoying the French and English to us, what islands or coutinenta wcize provided ro such alliance assumed to regatate th of the world. The people of Eurcpe do not understand there questions, ‘They cunnot distinguis’ as we'l as our pubiic men in Washington between the ethics and the waterial interests of the Urited States, and thus charge our public account with the world with what are per- bape mere.y the excresceuces of our government. They farther say, “Why isit that the great repudiic of the nil ireteenth century elects such men a8 are now at the head of cur government, and discards such men as Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun? Why is It that men of wedioerity are more acceptable fo tue American people than men of merit and dis.inctiont Why aze the mere hargezs-on to party more successful then tried statesmen and patriotey It must be that American institutions foeter the lower passions, at the expense of the nob @cnes, and that republicans, as such, have av inherent dislike for individual greatness.” Thus reason ignorant Europeans, and the ecnsequence is that they beecme gradually resig’ ed to Rear thore tila they have, ‘Thon fly to others that they know not of. Know Nothingism too, bs» produoed its effects; the old pride of civilization haviog received ro emall shosk from the American dec'ara ion that Europeans are born without that degree of ent understanding which is necessa'y to comprehend and opericiete republican iastitatior All these tbirgs togevher help $0 meature cf pate Mitch in new. cant wich a plenttal hand on cur goverment and people, so that in cave o! War we should, at this moment have no sympathy either from monarchy, arietocracy, en democracy 1a Ea rope, There vever Was @ paiod in our history whee, 80 many institutions and fo mary wen owed us @ grudge, when we lacked more yeuerally the approving soutien of the c: z to make up & tolerable lally, very truly, that our govern: ment and people are an excepticn, vot the rule of Kuro- pean States; but it was an exception, highly respected and honcye¢, and held out a+ an example for the taita- tion of other ocuntries. This is now the esse In a much less degree, and thus, while we have, in a measure ceased to intpire the kings of Europe with awe, and lost the eptbusrarm cf the people in our betalr, and thei ¢arnest prayer jor our eusse.a, a Power which would go to war with us, and fur o time at least, arrest our mate rial progiess, would xeither incur the ill will of the mo. zatels of Europe, nor the p’ pular resentment of the peo- Oor government has hitherto derived a great dea’ cf strength from public cpinion in Europe; a portion of that opinion is now enlisted against us, atd this I con- sider by far the mort serious we bave met with for some time past. A war against the United States migh now be waged without excliing greater sympathy than 4 war between sny two fist rate Powers in any other part of the world; very few persons dieamtog or suspec.- ing that our losses migat dataage the progress of li zert in other ports of the world. 1 mention these things wil & Ceep rense of sorrow, and from a cense of pudlic duty merely, We are at this present moment with. out an ally, and though we are admirably capabie of taking cate of ourselves, with or without the Good will of Europe, no Rar on g-wgrnnscnt ¢culd, St this Ment, plese {leet in am unnatural posi” tion by attacking uv, Even Russia, from her govern mental sntegonism, would be secretly obliged to any Power that would serlously dimiatsh the aseondancy of the republic, while tbe Europ:an republicans would look upon cvery visitation of Providence, ae far as regav ourselves, a8 @ wholesome amoniticn to us in the cf our presperity not to forget those that are hur and thirstieg after political righteousness. In this state cf things which, assuredly, chly be transitory, s would nevertheless te well to examin» the cur foreign relations, We have probaly at t! least to fear from England, whose coramerciel and manu- recessities will not allow her to make a long cai uVestment, and whore people, afcer all ra'd aud tess, feel that they are ot the same race, and that a war with us will injure both branches of the family, for the benefii of the enemies of liberal institutions. ‘There isa certain identity of interests, of thought and sentiment, anda pr gress in the same Cirecticn which, though cal- colaad fo exeiie unworthy rivsiry, also’ give riee to the nobler sentiment of emulation, whicb necessarily ktegets rympathy. On lcoking’ rouni, both ratiors probacly feel that much as they have to reprosch each other with, there are ether people and other governments far less amicably dispose. towares them respectively, and that, all things consicer- ed, they had better settle their cifferences amicably than dentrey or barm each other to pleare thore who have an interest in their commen ruin. It is for this reason that bexd no serivus consequences from our Bich 3 We shall have to be Jess punctilious as re ‘the enlistment matter, and Evgland must yield ihe Ceptral American question, which is positively s stain cn ker repu‘ation, ard further than that, there i+ now no i eue between the two governments. A far greater danger to us, {t appears to me, threaten from the ontizentof Ey Tope, France bas acquired s Pegs momentum in the present war, atid the fac! ‘that the hegotiations fr peace are avout to be conductec fa Pais, and that the peace itself will be received bs ‘purope as the gift of the Fmperor Napoleon, cannot bus aie France at @mp bead of European Powers. Whetrer the aecendancy Pee a lasting ore or not will depend upon tke prod exill and cor e of the En peror; but to a ‘certain extent, alao, on clroum- stances. While it Insts, however, ths fact must be accepted as scmmetbivg to be met ef‘her in an approving or unir-end] spits, Now] am grieved to see that tur French ¢ fii 1 papers b bave lately undertaken to discuss the sutject cf slavery in the United Stater, in a masner certainly net very complimentary to us, ard that they bave thrent(ned with making the extension cf slavery an European question, ‘‘because everything whieh re jates to Lumanity eminentiy concerns Europe.” If Mexico, they binted, (and I rather think I know by whom the bint was given,) is ievaded, and wholly or in part an- nexed to the Unied moment ates ‘for the purpose of extend- irg the institution of slavery, it will be ® question for Europe (o decide, whetber sucha step may not call for an European intervention.” At present auch a sugges tion in & newspaper does not seem alarming; bu: she French bave, cn more than one oceasicn, fought for an abstraction, ond their Adventurous spirit is take five on the most di P' Bt romest of glory ani re- rance; we are rot liked abd whore an Oovsslon Ie sought vo pro- Guce an issue, a government fo fertile in resources as that of France, is sure to find it. pense, Cela mérite quion y Rome, March 14, 186 How Peace is Regarded in Rome—The Pope Wants to: the Ally of the Sultan—Probable Union of tha Greek art Roman Churches~Aus'rian and Prussian Antagonism at the Frankfort Diet—Revision of Austrian Policy in Htaly—Relations of Austria and Sardinia—Louis Na poleon’s Designs upon Cuba, dc., &c. While some of cur leading papers are still doubting the Probability of peace, the preliminaries are signed, an? pecs is already an gocd as established. The party which Cistikes the cessation of hostilities most, becwuse i? is more martial than military, and better on second trial than at first, {s England, not Russia, The Istier, you may rely upon it, bas had re:ious thoughts of peace all lant summer, even before the fall of Sebastopol, and thie was as well known in Paris as at St. Petersburg. Of Aus tria it ie not yet known whether she acted really id pendentiy of any promptings (com Paris, cnot St. Pete burg.) or not. Ths probability however is, that she wae given to urderstand that, on in conditions, the al- lied Powers were wil ing to make peace, and that her we diation was at first more of cin} character. aa than of an citi- If any previous intimecy existed between Rusia aad any of the governments now treating wich her, it was with France, not with Austria, Tae latter wat merely calied in to preserve appearances; Paris, not Vienra, was the centre round which the political consiel- lations of Europe revolved ia quick succession. The other cay the Holy Father observed jecosely to one of the Cardinals, that he belfeved it was now te that the Pope should be the ally of the Sultan; and i: is said, by those who do not often open their lips on political or religious subjects, that the whole Sacred (ol!cce with the Cardinals, Secretary of State, (An >- nini,) express their assent to his Holiness’ propcsition, There is to be a psace—a lasting peace—between the Mohammedan and Christian subjects of the Sultan; and such a peace cannot be made, and will not be made through the intervention of France and Aus. tria, without making a strong effort also to reconcile the Greck and Latin churches in the Eset, and to obtain ‘or the Pope the recognition of his spiritaal authority trou the Sultan, The latter hae bren showa that the Popo was not a great ruler at the head of 600,000 Cossac! s, all booted and spurred, and rea*y to tall upon their victims; but a rimple, pious, good man, who merely eared for the souls of those confided to his care, and never in- terfered with the temporal authority of any country. There were twe Chris ian churches in the Kast, the Greek ‘and the Latin, and it was for the Sultan to ehooas whi h of the two should enjoy bis special favor; tor tolerate ue must botb, in the true epirit of modern erviiization. Meanwhile the Gree! reba have been brought rargort with she Holy Fatherf and the Sacred College here in Rome, and it is not unlikely that the negotiations commenced on thia subjec’, will terminate in the union of at least a branch of the Greek chureh—that which does not ree: griae the Emperor of Russia as the head of it—with the Catholic church of Rome. Such a result would he of immense consequence at this moment, but ia rencered more than probable from the extreme adtilty of the perrons ergaged in the negotiations, and the pewerful support they meet with trom Franes and Aus- ria, acd from the Suitan bimself, In this sense, then, the Lon mot of the Holy Father must be taken, that it ia high time for the Pope to be the ally of the Sultan, ou must not imeg'ne, however, that in this impor- tent watter long written documents, optnions or argu- mente have been employed to produce the dcerired effsct, The very reverre of thia bas taken place, for written écenments have beon found to impede diplomacy, by breatening to expose it rather than advance ity inte rests. The world knew nothing of the negotiations be- tween Rurtis acd France till tt was almost certain that they bad come to some understanding, when 1 hastened o Paris pod gave the regult of my discovery to the in of before brs bees mene rete te 1 thought, too vatuable information) not to’ & =e niceated as early as eenoyit ‘but Isee that doub‘s a have sinee come over the of your dreams, and he question the probabil: = poner as much ay ever. have therefore, in my last, endeavored to ahow some at the reasons that Rusvia ae in ee and if you have published these, the of the HERALD wil see (hat Russia has nothing to gain by con tinuing the war now, because smeer eee a thet war & positive gain to the democratic fe earere, that it would be casier for Russia tof it two such coalition: Frapoe and Engiand, confived stristly to their material power, than the universal democracy of Europe, which can reeruit iteelf over the whole sontinent of prone , and ¢ven in the heart of Russia. Austr a8 1 predicted, has triumphed at the Diet of Fri rkfort, and the Prustian organs are now endeavor- ing to ecnceal the defeat of Prussia at the Diet, by 7 giving the world to understand that it was the aid lered to by Prussia which mace the smaller German Austr’ that Pruesia oni; 1d the Austrian proposi:ion mcved by Bavaria ‘Thin she found tha by opposing them, the would be let: in the coer SS Ho same ples to the diplomatic remonstrances made by the King svesia and Baron Senta wv me peror , adviting him bj means not to eontinue the contest. The King of Oh ki that himself, with his Rustian alliance, had arived at the end of his’ com- pulscry means, and that his own people demurred sguinet «policy whteh they pent fo ede es Prussian as well as German in‘erests. view was shared by the King’s brother, the heir to the throne of Prussia, and by a number of the | nobles, In Gerr spy, where Prussia had been @ most formidable rival of Anstzia, pubiie opinon and the preas had sanctione! the conduct of Austria av'tar as she took sisea with the allies. Pubiic opinion in Germavy would have further if everts had furnished it a new theme. It would have justified war with Ruzele, and made such a war a na- tional one for all Germany; nay, more, it was feared that ifm euch @ war the Kiog of Prussia had taken sides wich Rusria, nether bia subjects nor his army woald have obeyed him. In that event a change of ru’ers, the sub- stitution of the younger brother for the elder one, would not have been improbable, and this prospec’ it was which m¢ uced Frederic William 1V. to fo make himself agreeable to Austria and the Western Powers. by adding his weight to bring about an armistice, and the siguing of the pre- liminaries of peace. Aus'ria, aware that this is the moment for her to act, and to gain the good will of the berals, bas propoced a remodeling of the Germanic Corfe: eration, and in this is actually seconded by all the revclutiopary elements of the German States. In this rosuner, and by actively promo: ing the interests of indus. try avd commerce, jshing vassalage throughout Bis extensive domtcions, dceathe peror Francis Joseph ‘ endeavor to recover for his oynasty the grouna whish Touin Npycleon has conquered for himee.t in France, His problem, though i 38 & Jegitimate Emoeror, ix not the leis ciffiwult, rian oa tonsider how recently he was obliged, by torce of arma, to put down med snd successful rebellion in dungary on one ndin Lombardy and Venice on the other. One mede of operation only seemed to exist for him—the fain Whisk wan selected by Wapoleom the Piet and the Third—to wit, that of governing in the democratic po. pular sense, though usirg absolute power. It is surpris- ing wkat the peop’e will tolerate or forgive, {: they are once convinced that they are the ers by the prosass, Ica assure you that even in Italy the spicit of the peo- pe, the clergy and the iecthanis 3 ia particular is be- ocmir g gradnsily reconciled to Austriant rule. Though the late general swnesty published by the In.1o¢ror, “tl violently aaxsiled by the Sardinian prees—taousb terms cf that amnesty are declared to be a fresh ‘pst? to the government ye they wil be ascep'ed by many Lombard nob! who have become ns‘ural- ized in S.catnia; while the rail conferences, now helcing at ‘Vienna, and at which all the Italian meiucing the Papal States and Nap'es are represented, convince, even the most scepucal, that ths governmeat of the Emperor is making rapid strides, at least on the rcad of material pregre The relations between Austria ani Sardinia, which the werd knows have not been very friencly since 1848, are about to be established on more amicabie footiog, ’and as soon as the peace shall be definitely coucluded in Paris, (which will be in a very few weeks,) an Austriaa ambassador will again be accredited at the ourt of Tarin. Ycu must not argue from this, however, that Austria is rticulariy anxious to re‘ain her Italian provincer. Baite on the contrary, she has ‘or acme time past, made pp her mird that her weifsre end nations] p:orperity are not inseparably contecied with these possessions, and that provirces which cannot be retained without ao arméd Cccupation do not add to the power or financial Tescurces cfm State, What Austria wants tn to estab- sith ber claims in Italy, in order, at a convenient time, to exchange ‘hem for something more substantial, and'an extention of her ¢mpire m another directioa. What she must bare, es a German power as well as an Italian, is urinterrupted sway in the Adriatic, and access without hindrance to the re B ‘ack Sea, On the Rhins things are going un well enough for ber, provided she acts with pru- dence and Cciscretion, as she has done thus far, and Pruseia continues her retrograde movements in the di- rection of the last century. The Empercr Louis Napoleon is certainly occu- pyirg imecifwith the affairs of Spain, and, as a necessary conrequence, with th ose of Cuba and Mexico. He knows bat one aes mistake his uncle committed was the nez lect cf the Fren-h navy, and he knows that, in erder wo have a powerful and eificient navy, itis not safisient to heve ships, but that {: is also necesary to have sailors The latter cantot be obtained withou! constant ocoupa- tion and practice, and henge exjeusivn of commerce aud the pos-eesion ot colonies is what is most wanted by Frenee to rival with her ally acrors the Channel. The affairs of Cuba seem to attract less attention in the United Sta‘es row than they used toco a year or two ago, the deploravle, and, at» cistance, ridiculous quarrel a>ou: Kansas barvioy ‘attrac‘ed public attention in that direc- tion. Yet Cubs has not been lost sight of in the Yatie- ries, ard the tice may come when, by French faterven- tion in the aflatrs of Spain, that species of governmant may be introduced ints the Peninsula, which wili no longer effectually oppose the slienation of Cuva. If any- thing can prevent the execution of such a desiga, ‘ill be the financial embarrassments of France, for, in api‘ of the peace about to be concluced, a new loan will be re. quired to cover the deficit. They bave a rumor in France that the Pope will go to Paria to chrinten the Imperial Prince; also, thet there is tome probability of the Pope crowning the Emperor. I know that that rumor is well founded in fact, and that the most cordial feelizgs are entertained at the Vatican for the new French dyaasty. If Louis Napoleon succee:s in inducing the Sultan to surrender ths Church of St. Sophia to the worship of the Catholic Christiana at Con- stantinople—or, perhaps, to the uvited Catholics and fol- lowers of the Greek Church—the Pope may em ark on board of a French equadron to visit his new ally, the Turk, and celebrate high mass at tbat ancient temple, To a Christian snd philanthropic view this would be the greatest event that bas occurred for the last three contu- ries,end would effectually prepare the Jbristiseization of al: Asia, It ie very clear to the impartialobserver tha’ the oa and Catholic Churches are the only ones that can hope to make proselytes, on an extensive are the Asiatics. th o people still more or lesa in its chila- hood, argument and reason alone, or the teaching of an abstract dogma, cannot be sup} to be equally effective with that species of worship which (he at once all the fenres captive, and appeals to the heart through the mest effective charity. With a people not experience’ in poltiical freedom, the judges are the chicf representa lives of the Jaw itself, and #0 is a priesthood, witha primitive people, not only the custodian, but the actual representative of the Godhead, and the biessrcby of the Courch the organized means of insuring obedience to the divine commemimen's It is useless to philosophize on the sunject, especially in a ne: per; but che fac: itself is fully established by Bistory. Annexation of Oude to the British Emptre. The following is the official proc'amation of the an- nexation of Oud By a treaty concluded im the year 1801, the Honorable East India Company engsged to protect ‘the sovereiga ot Oude spainst every foreign avd domestic enemy, while the sovereign ot Oude, upon his part, bound himself to cata siith “such @ system of a¢ministration, to ba carried into effect by his own (flicers, as should bs conducive to the prosperity of his subjects, and calc: ‘ated to sesure the hives and properties of the inhabitants.’ The obligations which the treaty imposed upon the Honcrable Fast India Company have been fodserved by ft for more than hal! @ century, falthfully, constantly and comy letely. Tn all that time, though the British government itself hes been ergegen’ in frequent ware, no fo eign foe has ever set his foot on the soil of Oude, no reve lion has ever threatened the stability of its throne. British troops have been stationed in cluas proximity to tue King’s person, and their aif has never boea withheid whenever his power was wror gfuliy defied, On the other hard, one chief and vital stipulation of the treaty bas been wholly disregarded by every succes. sive ruier of Oude; and the plesge, which was given ior the establishment of such a system of administration as sould secure the lives and propertien of the people of Oude, and be conducive to thelr prosperity, has fran Bist to last been delibera ely and systematicaily violated, By reason of this violation of the compact made the Brities government might long since have justly dec'ared the trea'y void, and might have withdrawn its protection from the rulers of Oude. But rt has hitherto been reluc- tant to have recourse to measures which would be fatal to the power and authority of royal raee, who, what- ever their faults towards their own ubjects, have ever been faithful and true to their friendship with the Erg. lish ration, Neverthelees, the British government has not {afled to lator during all that time, earnest'y and persevs> ingly, for the deliverance of the people of Oude teva — rite oppresion and miarule, which they have uffere mae jeors have pasved since the Gevernor Goneral, Lord William Bentiock, perceiving that every previous endeavor to ameliorate the condision of the people of Onde hed been thwarted or evaded, made a formal de- claration to the Court of Lucknow that it would become necessary that he should proceed to assume the direct Management of the Oude territories. The words and the menace which were employed by Lord William Bentinck were eight yeara ago repented fn person by Lord Hardinge tothe King. “The sovereign cf Oude waa on that day solemnly bid remember that, whatever pe it now happen, {t would be manifest to all the world that he had reeeived a friendly anda timely warnin But the iA intentions of the British government have been wholly defeated by the obstinacy, or incapa- city, or apathy of the Viziers and Kings of Gude. Disin- terested counsel and indignant eonsure, Cette le through more than ficy years, with re, ated wa ing, Temonstrance and threats, have all proved ineffectual and vain, The chief condition of the treaty remaiss unfal- filled; the promises of the King rest unperformed; and the people of Oude are atiil the vietims of incompetency corruption and tyranny, without remedy or hope of relie It is notorious throughout the lard that the King, like most of hia predecessors, takes no real shate in the di rection of public affairs ‘The powers of goverment throughon' hte domiaione are for the most part abandoned to worthless favorites cf the court, or to viowent and errrupt men, unfit for their duties ‘and unwor! hy of tras*. The collectors of the revenue hold sway over thelr dts ficts witb uncoptroliable authority, extocting the yt- praca aus SN Sanu Glussun'] av hopin at Guo Tne, Frena Gap aun to | weaely tnt me ovbsion pomae fae sumone «| space ap@eu), hen a modems ayiaea Site, me | Hmuio,tnhepenot ong tpn prominenty baie | most ypment rom he pops without Feta Yo pu Teference to past “ert waa it is ey are permitted to PM ‘the vil- for thar own support, wo that they have become soourge to the ,country they are employed to Praeet of freebooters infest the districts. Law and jus- tleeare , armed violence and are daily events; and life and property are ‘Dowhere peoure & for an hour, Bn has come when the British government ean tolerate in Oude these evils and abuses, wi ta poston uncer the wentgie ree indirectly to sustain _ continue to the sovereign protection ‘hich alone upholds the power whereby Lan olen inflicted. Fifty years cf sad experience have ‘that the treaty of 1801 has wholly ‘aied te secure the haj and prosperity of Uude; and have conclusively that no ‘Srentual resurity can be had for the rena the peopie of hat country from the 1 grievous they have long endured, un! nn tion of the terrivories of ‘Oude ined be opereenenty eras ferred to the Britisy government. To that end it has been declared by the Bifctors Lyne’ rity and consent of the Hon. the Court of Di the treaty of 1801, disregarded and violated ae Sanding sovereign ‘of Onde, is neaceforth wholly “nll and ei Mejesty Wajid A'i Shah was invited t> enter fato a new er nt, whereby the government of the terri- tories of Oude shoud be verted exc'ustvely and for ever io the Hon. East India Cempary, while ample revision 1d be efor the digci:y, affluence and ther ro King, ané of his famivy fs Majesty the Kicg refused to enter {nto the oe agrevment wuich was offered tor his seceptance, Inasmuch, then, as his Majent iy Wad Ane et) in commen with ail his predecessors, or neglested to fulfil the obligation of the teaaty Fa rigor, whereby he was bound to es‘ablish within his dominic such a system of administration as stould be conducive to the prosperity and happiness of his subjects; and in- aemuch as tre treaty be thereby violated has been de- clared to be null and void; and inasmuck as his Majesty hes refused to enter into other agreements which were offered to him in lieu of such treat; eer ay bog the terme of that treaty, ii it pad still remained in forbade the employment cf British officers in Oade, ent oui which n° efficient syotem of adi tion could be. established there, it is man.‘e*t to all that the Brilish government bad but cne alternative before if, Kither it must aitegether cesert the people of Oude and Celiver them up he/pless to oppression and ranny, which, acting under ‘he res:rictions of treaty, it hat already too long appeared to countenance; or it must put forth its own great porer on behalf of « people for whose happiness it more than fifty years ago d to inter- pose, and murt at once sssume to itself the exclusive ae Permanent acministra ion of the territories of ade. The British government hes had no hesitation im choceing the latter aite native. Wherefore proclamation is bereby made that the go- vernment ef the territories of Ouds (A henceforth vested celnairely and for ever in the Honorable East India np aSile, Nazims, Chuckledars, and other servants of the Durnar, all officers civil and military, the soldiers of the State, and ai] tne tphabitants of Oude, are required to render henceforth impiiei and exclusive obeatence to the: Sicarace ate ae wer aetna nice f any officer of Durpar Jsgre /eminiar, or other Perron, shail refure to reuder such obedience, if he shall. withhold the payment of revenue, or shall otherwise dis- pute or de‘y the authority cf the British government, he shall be declared a rebel, his person shall be seized, and his jageere er lands shail be confiscated to the State, To thore who ehall immediately and quietly submit government, themselves to the authcrity of the British whether Auils, public officers, Jugeercars, Zeomindars, or- other jnhabitbants of Oude, full assurance is hereby given of protéetion, ecnsideration and favor. revenue of the districts thall be determined ona fair and settled basis. The gradual improvement of the Oude territories shall be steacily pursued, Justice shall be = easured out with an equal band. Protecticn shall be given to life and every man shall enjoy henceforth his just riguie fear of molestation. order of the most noble the Governor General of India in Council G. F. EDMONSfONE, Facrotary to the Government of India. Our Rio ) de Janeiro Correspondence. Rio pu Jawmno, Feb. 6, 1856, The New Railroad to the Coffee Districts—Iis Advantages to the Trade of the Country—Destruction of the San Pedro Theatre at Rio—Ihe Slave Prade—Seieure of a Boston Schooner with a large Cargo of Slaves om Board—Ship ping Movements, éc., dc. Some months since I alluded to the speedy prospects of our baving a raitroadto run from this eity to @ great distance into the intericr. Ihave now the pleasure to state that this road has been eommenced, and that some portion of the track is laid with very heavy railroad iren, The grantis ter 00 years, and seven per cent is guaran‘eed by the Imperial government for the eash capital invested for 33 years. The dividends are made payable every tix months, The entire distance is about: 180 miles— he first 48 and lest 116 miles area dead level, and (he intervening 17 miles, although hilly, pre- sent no engineering difficulties, and the road is expected to be finiehed in one year from this date, Its advantages to the coffee market, of which the North Amevicans are the best customers, will be immense. The districts: through which it runs are the richest and most popu- lous coffce and sugar cistricts ef thia in‘eres.ing empire, ‘The provinces of Rio de Jansiro, Sam Paulo and Minas, embracing the towns cf Vassauras, Paty de Alferes, Parahyba de Sul, Valores, Pirahy, Barra Mauss, Regende, Camp Bello, Ban Juas do Principe, Bananal, Ares, Ouelug and Laena. Of the entire number of shares of this company— 190,000, a 200 mislreas or $100 each—60,000 shares have been issued and taken up to defray the expenses of the firet section of this railroad ot Don Pedro oda. The drama hes received @ severe blow fn <bfs city im the destruction of our magnificent theatre, which wae about the size of the Astor House, cf New York, whieh was discovered to be on fi bout thres o'clock om the morning of the 26th of Jai This thea‘ze, known under the pame of San Pedro de Alcantara, was built thirty two years ago, and until the building of he Opere Houre rome’ five years siace, it was us arama and opera. This is the third time bing pit has been burnt, and the walls remain as sound as when first built, being four feet in thickness. is fire was no doubt the werk ofan incenciary, and 1s sudject of deep regret to this entire city. ir i from the North are, Pernambuco 28th of January, and Bahia, 30th. The genera! health of the empire is now much beter, The news from Bahisisimportant. Some of our Boston philentbropists will get in 0 # scrape for their connection ‘with the ciave trafic carrieion by the schooner Mary K. Smith. This vessel was Cespatched trom Boston, in Au- gust last, fur Montevideo, but sailed direct for the Coast of Attica, ard recetved 367 Atiicans for slaves, to sell im Brazil. ‘Thi¢ schooner was captured by a Brazilian eor- vette, on the 19th or 20th ot Jaciusry: lash, in front of the port of Sr. Mathews, tn the province of "Esperito Santo, tear Baia, toto which port ehe was standing under pre- tence of obtaining provistons. She arrived at Bahia on the 20th, with 320 Africans on board, 67 having died from hunger, thirst and dis ase, These Africans are daily ex- pected in this city. All the papers of the echo-ner were found on board, which will implicate some of those in the United States who were engaged in ttisaffeir. The captain and some of the crew are Americsnr; s part of the crew are Portu- guece, and are prisoner Some few passengers were also taken, The authorities have long waited tor tre arrival of this echocner, hevirg bad particular information ying regard to her. Two werchauts, some thirty da were seized uncer ruspi-icn of being couneeted: With toi8 vessel, but were released, the pulice being satisfied that they Had no interest in her. Tho carnival fetes are ia foll bloom now. Nothing but tee procesrioning, ealuting and praying alt day long. The large Evgitsh passenger ship Osean Monarch is un- derg: ing repairs here, preparatory to her passage to Aus- tralia, She bas some convicts and pauper émigrante o1 board, besides & quantity eapec: pesple. SI lies quite clore to 4, to e ta man-of-war par: Jance, our fellows er6 continu: making signals to the promenaders en her ceck. the tentang portion ot whone sometimes favor us wish & wink and wave of their banokerchiels, There was ® great murs last evening in Palace equare, caused by a negro atiempting to stab his master, who was about ehastising him fur some offence or other. nl rit wae carried to prison by the police. ‘The mail from Montevideo, per steamer Camiile, arrived here yestecday. Ail quiet and healthy there. The Bain- bridge—all woll—was peparing for sea. ‘The Opera is flourishing ashore, La Grus and Cassloni ati!l glitter in the voeal firmament. The deatruction of the St. Pedro han been quite a windfall to the Lyriso, which is now crowded nigntiy. ‘The Germantown is cruising on the cosa’. All wel eee the Water Witch here, homeward bound. Iso looking out Peet for the arrival of the storeship Relief, ¢ bas, besides six months old let- ters from the lyn ly jum, our homeward bound vtores on bot da. The American siesmer America, of aad from New and out wil The York, in thirty day: ived here on the 3d. Shr need a little overbauling tefore she proceeds on tec voyage to }, and we have sent fer captain some te aeaist him in putting her im trim, The k with a good heart, in Tints for the late ners a ‘The British war steamer Trident {9 coming fo 1 * rambueo, The British brig Expres got’ in heres ae tr is healthy, unless come of your city eotem; le another discovery that we are [band Queries.--Haye all the New tis evenio; dents here? Where do they out a in harbor: —Atveriean—Sevanneh. itish— Indefatigal ie; Hidatsa, 6 eamer; Trident, do.; rie a Ex- aie cs n ame ‘ ‘Freach —Pourmant, fock of Br vee on the 14th, for Southampton, eo ein (eiminetinennnaiseiemmnaai Phy ala Rat.roap—. above line arrived in this city on had a variow eneape from the U1 Tnited Biatoa is nr] Bt. Alans, It appears Le left servitude in 2 Balt the 14h of January, ard mace bis way towards ‘Cenade. 4» far as St, Alban’s, where he found employment. Oa st his former master and @ United od States Mar- thal srrived et the latter place. On making inquiries for the object of their pursuit, they were kindiy Informed that they would be more svecessfal in securing the prise st Waterbury, Vt., than at St. Alban’s. Meantime, the friends of the’ colored brother!” transported him a few wiles further orth tn « sleigh and placed him ons freight train. Ina few h fet wes beyond the reach of United States Marrhals, oa foon Brisdeh ground.— Mone (real Herald, Margh 1,