The New York Herald Newspaper, January 20, 1856, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. |™°™*" JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. OFFICE N. W. COMNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS Fue DAILY HERALD, 2 conte por copy. 91 por annum. Pg Ft Ay FO ee % we Stak ¥ CORRESPONDENCE, containing import- Nt nie cat far napus Vonssan Osnasarcnbewen ane PaxreuLakLy Reqcesrep ro Seat ai. Lerrens ani “NU NOTICE taken of omonymous communications, We do SON PRINTING ccecuial with neaincs, cheapness and dee PEDVERTISEMENTS renewal every day. AMUSAMENTS TO MORROW EVENING, BROADWAY THRATRE Brosdway—Kivg Craaxino— ‘Bwerry Mxvrs wire 4 Ticas, GARDEN, Broadway—Tur Sc: = Ley I way—Tur Scno0Lmssren—Two WERY THEATEE, Bor Hs edi a aoe EZ, Bowery—Icgtasp as Ir Is—Ocn BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—Urern Tex axD Lowse Twarry—Twasty Mivcras wins 3 Tow 3 ZA ACIAAERITER, Broadway—Love xp Moner— LAURA KKENE’S VARI “rics, Broadway—T: Lroxs—Tae Pra Doswa. ssid DPE ER ‘WOOWS MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Erriorus Pua ‘Yous aNeRs—MUNMY. 'S BURLESQUE OPERA HOUS#, 539 Broad warMecne MinsennisyVraery itp tix bist Sew York, Sunday, Janua:7 20, 1856, Malls for the Pacific. 9RE NEW YOLK HERALD—CALIFORNIA EDITION. ‘Fhe United Statos mai! steamship St. Louis, Captain ‘Boggy, will leave this port to-morrow afternoon at two @elock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts @f the Pacific ‘WIM clone at one o'clock. ‘The New Yona Wexxry Hxnarn—California edition— oataining the lates: intelligence from al! parts of the ‘world, will be published at cleven o’clock in the morning. Stogle copies, in wrappers, ready fer mailing, sixpence. Agents will please send in their orders as warly as pos- tele, The News. In the House of Representatives yesterday the one hundred and seventeenth ballot for Speaker was taken, Banks falling cight votes short of an elec- tion. Mr. Clingman has succeeded in putting 2 gag upon the tongues of members for a short period at Jeast. During the ensuing week all debate is to be ent off, except when permitted by unanimous consent. In the Assembly yesterday notice was given of bills to amend our city charter, and for the pre. vention of fires; also to repeal the coercive Liquor law. A bill has been introduced in the Senate to amend the usury laws s0 far as they apply to mer- e@antile paper. We publish under the telegraphic head a brief ac. eount of a collision between two organized bodies of abolitionists and pro-slavery men at Easton, Kansas, on the night of the 17th inst. One pro-slavery man ‘and several abolitionists were killed, and a number on both sides were wounded. The affair is said to have originated with the abolitionists, The steamship America, at Boston, brought us a batch of ietters from our European correspondents, dated at London, Poris and Rome, which we publish this morning, and which will be found highly inter- esting. It will be seen from the copy of the text of ‘the latest circular addressed by the Russian Cabinet to its diplomats at foreign courts, that the Czar is @isposed to treat a peace negotiation on just and veasonable, but not humiliating terms. Austria’s so-called ultimatum is classed by the organs of Russia as ‘an urgent appeal” for peace on the part of the Western Powers. The prospects of a specdy termination of the war on such @ basis of uegotiations was much clouded. Count Esterhazy had arrived at St. Petersburg, and presented his papers to the Min- ister of State. In Paris the return of the Iinpe- aia) Guard from the Crimea, and their entrance into the capital, with the address of the Emperor to the troops, had caused an immense sensation. The pageant was very finc. All parties were preparing for the opening of a vigorons campaign in the spring, and it was thought that Sweden would then take the field. Accounts from British Tadia show that the authority of England in the Mast was se- riously menaced, both by open rebellion and the sympathy of Persia for Russia, The fall of Kars had given to Russia an immense advantage for the prosecution of her advanee towards Constantinople. We haye news from Port aa Pri to the 29th ult. It was ramored that an engagement had taken place between the Dominieaus and Haytiens, in which the latter sustained a heavy joss in provi- sions and ammunition. Soulongne was carrying on the war with great vigor, but it was reported that moch dissatisfaction prevailed among his troopa. The fever continued to rage violently among the in the ha crews of the vessels lying vor of Prince. The investigation with regard to NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, JANUARY 20, 1856. [A ERD OR aI RS ER che ase team i e AT a amie ae wae gue Spe iain Me een en AN Sn of Poace and the Promotives or War. There are unquestionably in this age of en- lightepment, of industry and of arts, in this practical period of man’s history—guaraatees of peace. And it is undeniable that there are, too, strong interests whose welfare would be advanced by war. The present attitudes of the six leading States of the world-Russia, Austria, Prussia, France, England and the Fe- deral Union—aond the manifestly di- verse ends sought to be secured by each, in copnection with the peculiar position of the English aristocracy, which for fifty years has given up its annual instalments of power to the masses of the British nation, surely indi- cate that the cause of peace and harmony has but feeble guarantees in the existing state of European affairs. The relations between England and France are exclusively politicel, Their: industry is linke@ together by no vital bonds. They are allies, to secure the former agaiass present and future industrial and commercial rivalry in Russia; to secure the Jatter in the eatablish- ment of the Napoleonic dynasty, and to give that Power preponderance in Europe. Successful in these onjects, the alliaace will be diseolved, or, rather, the two nations Will fall back into their oid attitudes of antagonists. The great central trade iaterests of the British people—thst people who, though exclated from the army, the navy, the Cabinet and the berch—who have no voice to speak at Paris, Vienna, St. Petersburg and Wasbingtoa—bat who, nevertheless, provide the waysand muaus of government—who have raised England to her present position, and without whom there would be no revenue for peace or war—those great interests have not been consulted or re- cognized in the ends sought to be accomplished in the alliance with France, The war with Russia bas been and will be sustained, because it has left Manchester and commerce to pursue their peaceful avocations. The trade of Eag- land is at peace; ships and steamers go to and come from all parts of the world, saving the Russian seaboard, as betore. The United States are in alliance with Man- chester and the masses of the British nation, What a significant indication of public senti- ment was that the other day, when the di: ent embassies at London were on their way to Guildhall, and the people, silent till Mr. Bu- cbanan made bis appearance, sent up repeated cheers and congratulations! These tokens came from the great heart of thenation, where the vital system of prosperity is sustained. They were the sealsof the compact between the industry of America and England. It was the ratification of the alliance which forty years of peace and mutual exchange of com- modities had formed between the labor and necessities of the tvonations. It was the gua- rantee of peace, at the very moment when the press of the metropolis was sendiag out its warnings that war with the United States was inevitable. Those who thonght to effect such a rupture ~-who treated the relations of the parties as exclusively political—who overlooked tne in- teresis of the masses—who clung to the etfete forms of diplomacy and to exploded schemes of national aggrandizement—bave now to learn a pew lesson in politics. The projects of Lord Palmerston’s administration in reference to Central America, hy which he proposes to sacrifice the interests of Bri industry and trade-—those intercsts which constitute the vital force of the nation—the wisest, the most thoughtful, and, withal, the most wealthy and respectable in the kingdom—for a mere tran- sient sway in Nicaragua and elsewhere in that direction, will row be put to the test. It will try the question of ascendency o! the political and the trade interests—the aristocracy and the people. It will put to issue the legiti- wnacy of the alliance between the industry of this country and that of Mogiand. It will end, too, in the triumph of the latter, and in the distinct inanguration of a new era in the polities of the British empire. It will over- throw the Palmerston Cabinet and create, to a certain extent, a revolution in Eugland. The fall of that Cabinet, under such a state of things, will indicate that in the exesutive de- partment, as, long ago under Sir Robert Peel, Jative department, the great central, | the Chief of Police w umed yeste { industy al, moneyed classes, have come to exer- Police Commissioners. Amonz the witnesses x” | cise snpreme control. It will equalize and re- ee ee Freq. and the in- | bubieapize the British monarohy—it will give domitable Branch himgel!. We give a full report of * < Bis s sha testiin acy ies andthier eothibn, } niumbers their voice to speak, and it will impose y tan $a ¢. sat According to the report of the Cily Taspector there tilence upon, while it fully protects minorities. were 24 deaths in this city last week, namely: 45 | These are the guaranties of peace, even in the men, 47 women, 113 hoys and 109 girls, showing au | Midst of our threatening relations with the increase of 10 on the mortality of the week previous, | present London Cabinet. They are guaranties ‘There were 6 deaths of bronchitis, 23 of consumption, } which it will never be too late to enforce; they “au of congestion of the Inngs, 18 of inflammation of | are guarantics growing out of the positive, ia- the lungs, 7 of congestion of the brain, 19 of dropey | tercsts and sentiments of the twonations, in the head, 9 of other dropsical complaints, 7 of ig- flammation of the brain, 6 of diarchoa, 7 of influm- Mation of the bowela, 3 of typhus fever, 4 of small pox, 36 of convulsions (infantile), 19 6 of debility (infantiie), 22 of se: 5 of hooping cough, 7 0° marasmus (inka and 2 of measles, There were also premature births, 22 cases of stillborn, and ¢ from violent causés. The following is the cli ration of diseases Bones, jo nerves, 77; generative organs vessels, 10; lungs, throat eruptive fevers, $2; still-horn 34; stomach, bowels, and other dige uncertain seat and general fevers ' gans,3; old age, 3. There were paths in all the public institutions during the week, The na ivity table gives 247 natives of the Un'ted States, 42 of freland, 17 of Germany, 9 of Engiand, and the balance of various Europenn countr’ The market for cottou was active yesterday ond firmer, having clozed at about 'c.advance. We now quote middling uplands at %« Flour improved Gje. a 12kc. per barrel. Southern was in good demand for export, and ut higher rates, was firm, and prime qualities held at higi Up per Lake spring sold at #181; prime w ut $2 12, and Tennessee red do. at 91 9 of common to tair quality was sold at $1 90, ¢ was alittle irregular, but in the main closed firm, with moderate transactions ia od mixed and new yellow. Prime yern white was move firmly held, with sales on private terms. Pork was less unimat ed at the opening, but closed at the previous da, outside figures. Autong tho sales wast a$1795. Sugars were quiet | s was in fair demand. Seles of Java were made ou private terms, and at Me. Preight+ t London and Liverpool continued quite rin, with a fair om of engogement heart and Mood ; skin, Xe., and premature births, re ormaus, 46; + ari t Brayentng rr opr It will be seen by reference to our reports from Congress that three of the Bunks ont off yesterday to Campbell, of Ohio. On the lower Mississippi asmall rivulet flowing over the bank some- times in a few hours is enlarged to aa immense vrrveee. Does this Campbell dodge mean the eeme thing’ Seu The Paltheréton ministry cannot come into hostile collision with us without makiag war upon the majority of its own people. Taxes must be raised by the aristocracy, the army and navy must be recruited from the aristo- cracy, votes must be obtained from the ariste- cracy—the aristocracy must first gain sbao- lute power, an impossible condition in the pre- sent temper of the nation, before taking upon themeelves the hazards of war wiih the United States. If it is their purpose to enforce on this side of the water a new system of colonial government, and drive the two nations into hostilities to effect it, the result will be the logs of the Canadas and the utter prostration ofthe monarchy. It will be the signal of Mog- land's decline in Karope and the Hast; it will loosen the hold she has upon her colonies everywhere. It will drive her own people into servile war, aud end in the euhjugation of her aristocracy. These sre the guarantees of peace, and they foretell us with as much cor- tainty, as we rely upon the sound sense of her people, that the present London Cabinet will recede from lis pretensions in Central Amo- rica, It is no longer armies and navies that fight the battles of nations, and settle the terms of pence. The couse of popular government, cven in England, has 60 far advanced that the people, whose honor aud Interest: are alone af. fected, will exercise supervisory control over their goverrmonte. While we reccive the fol- minations, then, of that warlike Secretary, Lerd Valmerston, we should awalt the offect of Lis policy upon his own people—his own over- throw and disgrace. lis fall will be the sig- val by which, ever after, lngland and America shall be known (oand appreciated by each other. Belwoen us and a Cabinet looking to further conquests on this continent, there can neither be friendehip nor peace. From this position we cannot recede without a criminal sacrifice tof Loner aud an cutive oument of that policy by which our security against interfer- ence from the governments of Europe has been maintained and preserved. If monarchy is the law on the other con- tinent, re; ublicanism is the law on this. We setk only to give scope to our industry; our conquests are individual, not national; and our success has benefitted Europe, including Eng- land, almost as much as our own people. We bave opened our ports to their shipping—our institutions to their people—our markets to their productions—our lands to their use—our improvements to their capital—our inveations to their industry, and our success for their emulation, We have interferred with none of their rights ou this continent—we have given them vo just cause of offeuce, agd we are con- fident of our power to resist their interference with what we regard ag due to our safety as a republic in the midst of a world of abso- Jutism. The Public Lands—a Source of Profit and of curraption. The goverpment of the United States is the proprietor of sixteen huadred millions of acres of land, Ot this immense estate the larger por- tion of it is unsarreyed, and much of it with- out even preliminary topographical and astro- bomical observations, Something less, itis be lieved, than ten hundred millions of these acres, lying chiefly in the mountain regions and extending, at points, up to Nebraska and Kansas and to Minnesota on the north and east, are wholly valueless. What the exact amount of these swamp and mountain districts may be it is not material to inquire at this time. Population isso small compared with the supply of land, that, at least within this and the next generation, we shall not require additional territory to give it employment and subsistence. The direct sales by the govern- ment during the last year were about foarteen millions of acres: the quantity appropriated to various corporations and under the bounty laws of Congress, amount, according to the re- port of the Commissioner of the Land Office, to something like four times that amount. The report of the Commissioner, which we have published, is certainly mot a remarkable paper. Its exhibits are unimportant in tone and scope; and, relating, as they do, to the affairs of one of the most interesting subjects connected with the general administration, they are wholly unsatisfactory. This is to be regretted, as the time has come when the peo- ple of the United States should give more at- tention to this department of their public in- terests. The truth is, the whole land system partakes largely of accident. It has been a continuous operation, without proper design or appreciation. When the constitution was adopted the Territories were unimportant, and it has been since the discovery of steam as a propelling power that the lands ceded to the general government have grown to any con- siderable magnitude. Congress was made the general trustee of, and authorized to establish needful rules and regulations for their sale. When this duty was performed neither the national legislature nor anybody else at all comprehended the great value of the Territo- ries, or the future extent of the demand for their cultivation by the people. It is only by subsequent events that that value has been fixed; and in creating it the public lands have risen to be the most imporiant interest in the government. It has its political as well as its economical bearings, and it is as a “political machine,” as Mr. Hamilton denominated the Bank, that it should be regarded by the peo- ple. The government is the owner of sixteen hundred millions of acres. This is a vast es- tate entrusted to the legislative department for its administration. It must be seen at once, that as a subject of legislation it is likely to exert a powerfal influence upon public mea and put to the ceverest test the integrity of the legislater. Had its magnitude been appreciat- ed by the framers of the constitution, it is fair to presume ‘that the wisdom and patriot- ism of those wen would have devised some scheme by which the tcinptation to peculation and fraud involved in the disposal of the go- vernment estates might have been avoided. Certain it is when regarded in the light of ex- perience, tested by its power to seduce public men, and by the insane zeal for general plan- der, State and individual, as exhibited in the report of the Commissioner, and particularly in the history of the Minnesota bill of the last session of Congress, the existence of the pub- lic domain may be regarded as anythiag but a public blessing. In this country of freedom and striking In- dividuality—in this country of independence, and of not too guarded personal and national morality—it was not well to open a fountain of corruption within the very halls of its le- gislation. It was not necessary, certainly, to throw upon the integrity of Congress a temp- tation which experience has demonstrated they could not withstand. Precisely this was done when that body was authorized to dispose of the public domain. All the objections that have been ur.ed against the Bank of the United States —its tendency to corrupt the public morals—its greatcr or less influence with members of Con- gress—the instrument of personal profits at the expense of personal integrity and indepon- dence ure equally applicable to the present land system. No sound economist denies that the bank was capable at times of performing important rervices to the country; Wut its evil influences, its Liability to abuses, its political texdencics, its power to approach and to con- trol public men, and ultimately, if continued, its power and disposition to exact its reoogni- tion as a department of the government itself, were more than sufficient to balance all its po- sitive benefits, What is most needed In this country is in- tegrity in the national legislator. All experience shows that he has been a+ eafled and requires fortifying. There is no way to do this successfully except ly removing from the sphere of his labors those subjects the matter of which are likely to influence the judgment, cap- ture the vote and prostitute the man, Who will eay that legislation on the subject of the public lands hag not been intluenced by the per- eonal interests of members? Who will deny that, for fifteen years, that species of logisla- tion has been more corrapt and demoralizing than any other, and that by its influence it has so poisoned the national council as to let into the «phore of its labors a host of projects which the public integrity at an earlier day would haverejected at once as fraudulent and wicked? | os the immense revenues of the sal in that filled and overtlowed the of our It dome ' on the S0th of September, 1955 about the year 1836; and then followed the scene of distribution amongst the States, and the insane expansion of the currency by the United States and the State banks, vast pro- jects of internal improvements, endless impor- tations, even of agricultural products, based upon @ worthless currency—a currency under which debts were certain to be contracted, but could not be paid—suspensions, failures, gene- ral discredits and bankruptcy. If we superadd to this picture, one of the chief scenes of which is the land system of our government, subsequent transactions in Con- grees, the soul of its legislation fora few years past, by which four acreshave been granted toepeculators where one has been demanded by our immenee emigration, we shall be aole to form some idea of the stupendous evil of that system, and some conception of its powers of demoralizing our public men. Liberality to sards those who desire to culti- vate the soil ts demanded alike by humanity and by sound economy. There isno view which can be taken of the public domain as o national interest, which does not suggest the justice end propriety of throwing it open to those who wil! cultivate and improve it. It is im- porsible to prevent individual speculators from taking advantage of the liberality of the gov- ernment. This, bowever, is an evil incident to any Pational scheme that may be adopted, often reacting with fearful effect upon those who thought to speculate out of the actual settlers. It is questionable, indeed, if grants of Jands should not he confined to citizens of the United States, aad such has been the intention of Congress. ‘The greater evil of the whole land system is undoubted)y that which is seen in its influence upon Congress, and of course the extension of the came influence into all the relations of life, It converts a great source of revenue and a boundless blessing to the people into a nation- al curse—a blessing which, properly adminis- tered and made the instrument alone of pro viding homes for the homeless and revenue for the whole people, would confer countless bene- fits upon the human family. This immense trust—this great gift to man--this noble patri- mony bequeathed to the federal Union as a pa- triotic offering—is now an object of fraud, pe- culation, and an instrument of national degene- racy. And is there no retreat from, no reme- dy for, this state of things? Have the people of the United Siates, led on by Gen. Jackson, forgotten the fierce war they waged against the Bank, because it was charged with influencing members of Congress—because it became in fact what its projector called it, “a political machine?” How much more power for evil has the trus- tecchip of our public domain over that of the Bank! How much greater are its facilities for oorruption—how mach broader and deeper are itschannels of temptation! It is in Congress ceaselessly demanding its legislation, exact- ing ita favors and buying its grants. It has nod the appetites of State Governors officers, who besiege our national Legisla- ture every year in swarms, distribute favors to members, promise fortunes, and too often pay the cash in hand. How else is Washington filled with a lobby whose power has become a second estate of the republic, high in favor, in credit, and in social position? Is it necessary to scarch for the greatest cause of this cxtraor- dinary state of things beyond the influence of the public lands? And can it be said that the national Legislature is untainted when the moral sentiment of Congress does not rebel at association with its published and notorious tempters? Was it so thirty years ago? Are men not known in these days by the company they keep? The State Reports. We have had before us for some time several reports of the various State departments— Comptroller’s Report, Report of the Bank De- partment, Canal Report, and so forth—docu- ments which, like the Governor’s Mcssage, are to be contemplated with respect, and not has- tily or recklessly read. The temptation to read them is, indeed, seriously lessened by the fact that they do not contain a single item of information, or suggestion, not already known to the people. Nor is it enhanced by the pon- derous style and dull manner in which the secondhand statements they contain are con- veycd. In a word, the Governor’s Message may be said to be dry; the proceedings of the Legislature (always excepting the remarkably sharp proceedings by which the combined softs and black republicans obtained the control of the organization) are drier; and the reports of the departments are driest of all. To begin with the canals. Daring the past year, a gain of over a quarter of a million has been made by the government, not so much by the increase of the revenues of the canals (which are only some $31,000) but by an econo- my of over $248,000 in the expense of repairs and superintendence. The chief source of the economy is the new planof making all repairs by contract; and for this praise is properly due to the present administration, though it is hardly to be doubted but the substantial ob- jects the whigs had in view in supporting the canal enlargement have by this time been ac- complished. Still, notwithstanding the gain, the canal revenues are unable to defray the charges upon them, and recourse will need to be had as usualto aState tax. Governor Clark proposes that in order to obviate the necessity of recurring to this resource, the constitution be amended so as to lengthen the time now fixed for the liquidation of the debt. There isa great deal of sense in this euggeation. DPosterity will reap more protit from the canals than the present generation; it would only be fair that that they should pay portion of the expense. It is, howevor, greatly to be feared that the advantages the canals will confer upon the State will be impaired by the constant temptation they will afford to politicians to sell their souls. For years to come we see @ never-ending vista of canal repairs before us. Every succossive ad- ministration will try to pass some measure for evlargement or wholesale repairs, in order to curry favor and buy votes. We shall secure the corn and wheat of the West, it is true, but at the cost of a festering sore in our side, which may cost us more than we know, From the Comptroller's report we learn that the estimated revenue for the fiscal year end- ing September, 1856, slightly exceeds two mil- lions of dollars, of which $1,650,000 are de: rived from the direct tax. The estimated ex- pense for the year excec ds the estimated revenue by $51,015: but this includes deficiency in the revenue of the gene fund State debt ie $6,6 gent State debt, for State stock issued and loaned to railway companies, $770,000. The only point of importance in the report of the Banking Department is that which re- fers to the deposit of mortgages as security for the circulating paper of hanks. In every case but one in which mortgages have been taken, and the bank issuing them has failed, the note holders have lost, either temporarily or per- manently. Mr. Schoonmaker proposes to remedy the defect by providing that for the future mortgages be only taken as se- curity on farm property, and at 80 cents on the dollar. ‘The better plan is not to take them at all. Some years ago the French government appointed a commission of the leading jurists in France to report a new law regulating the subject of /ypothece--as mort- gages are called in the French law—in order to facilitate the recovery of moncy lent on mortgage. The commission, at whose head was Monsieur Toullier, the famous professor, reported that they could devise no plan which promised so secure to the lender on rea) estate equal security and promptness of recovery with the lender on well known stocks, Nor can we. All the reasons which the Bank Superintendent urgesin favor of re- ceiving mortgages at a depreciation of twenty per cent, apply with equal strength in favor of their total rejection. If our bank circulation were wholly based on New York State and federal stocks, it would be perfect; so long as mortgages are received, it will always be open to suspicion. Avyomngr State vor Frankuin Prince.—The Democratic State Convention recently held ia Alabama, among other resolutions passed one recommending President Pierce for re-nomiaa- tion te the National Democratic Convention at Cincinnati, South Carolina one—Alabama two. Now for the third. Who speaks first? THE LATHST NEWS. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS. OUR RELATIONS WITH ENGLAND. IS THRE TO BE WAR? We give several despatches from our correspondents in regard to our relations with England. We give all wa have received (costing five cents per word) contradisto- ryasthey apyear to be, because we deem it best to do so in the present aspect of the case, and to show the un- certainty that prevails in Washington on the subject. What we telieve to be tne truth of the matter is, how- ever, very clear ana very simple:— Ast. We do not believe that Mr, Buchanan has been re- called, 2d. We do not believe that the British government has, in 0 mavy words, been requested to re-sali Mr. Crampton. 3d. We do not believe that the correspondence be- tween the two governments bas ceased, 4th. Wo believe that reparation has been demanded of England for the recruitment of soldiers in this country, and that the withdrawal of Messrr. Crampton, Barclay, Rayroft and Mathew, would very likely be the result of ‘8 refusal 'o grant this reparation. Sth. We believe that Mr. Marcy has recently replied in foll to the last note of Lord Clarendon and the caéen‘e cordiale of the two nations depends in some measure on the answer to that despatch. Oth. We belicve that the British government offered a sort ofan apology for the conduct of its agents in this country, which not being taken as fall reparation for in- juries inflicted on our rights and our laws, has induced Lord Clarendon to takethe other tack and endeavor to justity his conduct by bullying Pierce and Marcy from the stand they have taken, and we are not xo sure that he will not succeed. Our telegraphic despatches, costing tive cents per word, are annexed :— THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE AMERICAN MINISTER aT THE COURT OF ST. JAMES. Wastusxeroy, Jan. 19, 1856, ‘The Union of this morning confirms my previous atate- ment of the critical relations at present existing between the United States and G:cat Britain. It intimates that the question of Mr. Buchanan’s withdrawal has not been before the Cabinet. We have positive knowledge to the contrary, and ean state that as early es Wednesday last, a distinguished member of the United States Se- wate was consulted with as to the policy of the measure, It is possible, as stated in my last despatch, that the Presigent has become alarmed at the excitement which the Hrratp’s announce- ment has produced, and is anxious to withhold for a tine raking any decision on the question of Mr. Buchanan's recall; but the fact that the subject has been under con- sideration by the President aad Cabinet, is now noto- Hous, The article of the Union alluced to tolls ua in pluin lar guage that war #4 not impossible, and calls loudly on Congress to organize. It rays there are serious «ues tions of difference between the two governments which ought to te thoughtfully considered by those members ot Congress who are obstructing the organization of the House, OPQ THE AMERICAN MINISTER NOT SYEAKERSHIP, Wasniverox, Jan. 19, 1856. am informed by undoubted authority that there is no truth in the sepert that the subject of the withdrawing of our Minister from England Las Locn formally or inany other way before the Cabinet. Clingman’s resolution provibiiing all debate for one week is indicative that members are tired of the puncom) specches that have characterized the present session. The Banks men are delighted with the result of last evening's caucus, Banks will not now be withdrawn if there is no election until the Fourth of July. R. WITHDRAWS—TBE THE GOVERNMENT ORGANS VIEW OF THE SUBJECT. Wasinxcrox, Jan, 19, 1858, The Union says no much yuestion as a suspension of diplomatic intercourse has bec before (he Cabinet, Our reiations with Great Britain are certainly delicate, per- haps critical, but the propoved withdrawal of our M! ter is not among the evidences whish intimate the deli- cacy of those relations, The Union farther sa’ caunot deny that there are serious questions and ences beiween the two government s. Jefferson Davis was nominated as United States Senator from Mississsppi. on the first ballot, hy « majority of twelve, NICARAGUAN AFFAIRS—WAY COL, FRENCH IS NOT ARRESTED. Wasiixotos, Jan, 19, 1856. ‘The statement that @ protest has been sent by the Brilish government against the recognition of the new Nicaraguan government by the United Statss, is « «imple fiction, No such protest, at all ovents, hae been presented to our government. ‘The arrest of Col. Parker H. French is understood to have occurred through a blunder of the Deputy Marshal. ‘The government gaye no order for ft. Notwithstanding the implied threat of Mr. McKeon, the adminis! a wilbardly commit the folly of giving Col. French the adventage of on arrest, to which he could give the color of a persecution, considering his asserted diplomatic position, B RETIRING BOARD. WASHINGTON, Jan. 19, 1856, Commodore Jones’ remonstrance agulast the action of the Naval Board will go to the Senate in a few days, Commodore Ringgold’s will be sent in on Monday. It is said that some of the principal éfficors of the Board are privately condemning its proceedings, and one ofiicer wisbes he had resigned before consenting to serve, THE NAVAL The Nashville at Charleston, Cisntextos, Jan. 19, 1866, The United States mail steamship hyille arrived here at OP, M. yesterday (Friday), after # very yuick pascage from New York, Cowit of Appeals, ALaANy, Jan, 16, THIRTY-vOURTH CONGRESS, FIRST FRSSION, ~ House of Representatives. Wasmxcron, Jan. 19, 1856. THE SPRAKERSIUP. Mr. Cuunomar, (dem.), of N,C., offered a resolution, that during the oalling of the roll no debate or personal explanations be io order, and that this rule and the rule Mimiting members to teu minutes in debate shall not be suspended except by the unanimous consent of the- House. He thought the Houre had degenerated into « mere debating society. Voting was more likely to result in an election than discussion, besause the latter only serves to inflame parties and factiogs, thus ivereasing the difficulty, The rezolution was adopted, and the House proceeded. to vote. OND BUNDRED AND SHVENTERNTH BALLON, 94 Richardson 31 Penni) ; Porter ag 3 L Nee: 102. Messrs. Quitman, (dein.) of Mise. and Grow, (black. rep.) of Pa.. mace rurveber, one defending the Soutix ( he) other tue North, concerning the slavery uestion. 5 Mr. Corrax ES history of the adoption of the pin- rality rule in 1849, eoying the: before. {ts adoptim elght similar propositions came from the democrats and one from the whigs. The cemecrats then claimed to have a majority, but owing to cisaffection in their ranks, they: could not ail uni:e on n candidate for Speaker. The re- publicans are vow similarly situated, and should have the benefit of the rule, The democrats denounced the whigs then as bitrerly ox they do the republicans now, ‘Mr. Rocock, (dem.) of Va., said if this was a mere sqvabvle between national par‘ies, be should have no serious objection to the pluraltty rale; but the old whig party was white as snow compared with the crimson. Alt (peli ically penning) cf ihe republican party. bea he saw tha’ scop den of the plurality rule wust result in the election of a sectional candidate for Speaker, he o msidex+d he would be justified ia staadiug- here 1iif the crack of doom in resisting it. Mr. Savace, (dem) of Tenn., expressed views similar totho:e advanced by Mr Boeock. Mr. Huwpapey Mansuart, (K. N.) of Ky., and Mr. Hanns, (deqp.) of 1U., in by ane | to the remarks of Mey Grow, earnestly denied that Hnry Clay favored the pas- soge of the Missouri restriction, Mr. Harris, in ad—- Bion ©, the he mre F -hig! “4 4 flay Grd General Jessu support posit! saying js Mr. Jessup was pres dat st the time and took motos. Mr. Grow referred to the declaration of Henry Clay him sol, im the Senate in 1860. to show that the lattes favored the line of 26 deg. 30 min, After further cebste, Mr. CuixeMay offered a roxolution, that for one welt, unless a Spcaxer be sooner elvcted, no debste shall be in order unie:s by unanimous consent. Adopted by 45 majority. Adjourned, More Trouble in Kansas, FATAL ENCOUNTER BETWEEN ANTI-SLAVERY AND PRO-SLAVEKY MEN. Se. Lovis, Jan. 19, 1856, The Kickapoo (Kanna) Pionecr of the 18th says—‘& battle took place last night at Easton, between a party of abolitionists and some pro-+tlavery men, the former waking the attack. Ore pro-slavery man was killed, and several wounded. Several abolitionists were alsa killed and some wounded. A company frem Lawrence,. headed by Capt. Brown, c:mmenced the fight with the Kickepoo Rangers. A large number of persons have left for Faston The disturbance is supposed to have originatod ont of the free soil election of the 16th. The Naval Court Mart! t Philadelphie.. Puiaperrata, Jan. 19, 1856. The mombers of the Naval Court Martial assembled again this morning, minus the Judge Advocate and Cap- tain McIntorh, who have not yet made their eppearance. Nothing can of course be done towards the organization of the Court until the Judge Advocate arrives. His pro- green between Norfolk and Washington is supposed t¢- have been impeded by the icc in the Potomac, and oc~ casioned the delay. The members of the Court congratulated themselves im the appointment of Com. Kennedy as the Judge Advocate, some of them baving @ remembrance of the veratioug delays occasioned on the cecasion of the Court assembling in this city some — since for the trialof the late Com. Downing. Com. Kennedy has a well earned reputation as a gallant cflicer. and is au fait with the rues of go erning courts which is most important in facili~ reg the pre, A o* oe care byry ye come ees it. is a source of great regre' thi ite Ritchie and Capt. De it that the intemperate rashneas of the former shon!d have induced him to sever the long and intimate friendship and intimacy formerly existing. The made use of was doubtless occasioned by false information, as it is universally admitted that Oapt. Ritchie had not a stronger friend in the Retiring Board than was Capt. Dupont. The accused has selected as his counsel ex-Senator Cooper, nd Josiah Randall, Eeq., of this city. The case cf Capt. Ritchie will not, itis thought, occupy much time aiter the Court is once organized, and it is not known hat there are any other cases to come befure the Court. Additional from Mexico. Partmorg, Jan. 19, 1856. Mexican papers to the &th inst. have come to hand. They declare that the present government is.more in- quistorial than ever. A number of journals had been. obliged to suspend or absndon publication adlogether, end several editors had been seized and thrown inta.. prison, Dogollado, in Guanjuato, ond Uraga, ia Sierra Gorda fire ex gaged in armed oppoti ion to Comonfort’s govern- ment. General Vicaurii is strengtheniag himself tor further movements. He is taking cure to securo an abundance of wen, arms, ammunition and provision, Markets, VHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. PurapELrma, Jan. 19, 1856. Stocks are steady—quotations as follows :—Pennsytva- nin fives, 82; Reading Rafircad, 435;; Long Island, 1534; Venn-ylvania Railroad, 44%; ; Morris Canal, 122. Cxaniustox, S. C., Jan. 18, 1856. Sales of cotton during the week 12,500 8, at un- changed prices, Stock on hand 44,000 bales. The Vacant Judgeship of the Supreme Court. HENRY E, DAVIES THE JUDGE, BY DECISION OF THE COURT OF APPEALS. Tho Court of Appeals has reversed the decision of the Supreme Court, in the case of Davies vs. Cawles, declaring that the election of Henry E. Davies, in November last, was valid, and he accordingly is entitled to his seat upom the Supreme beneh. The decision of the Supreme Court of this city was the other way. The ‘agua Affair, UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT. Before Hon. Judge Ingersoll. JAN. 10,—Counsel for the indicted parties charged with being engaged with setting on foot an expedition to- Nicaragua were in court, but no motion was made by the Distries Attorney to bring the cases on, We understand that Mr. Cutting will make a motion tn the case of Mr. Joseph L. White, counsel for the Nicara~ gua Transit Company, who was Indicted by the Gran Jury on Friday last. UNITED STATES COMMISSIONER'S COURT. Hefore Richard EF. Stilwell, Eaq. Jax, 19,—Wiliam H, Alien, (otherwise Gallagner,) one of the principal witnesses in the Nicaragua affair, who was arrested by the defendants on Friday night, on the ground that he was going to leave for Demarara, came before the Commissioner and entered into $2,000 bail to appear axa witness, Mr, Willfam Baird, of Brooklyn, be- came his sucety. Personal Intelligence. At the Smithsonian Hi seont Bal At the Smithsonian House—Capt Baldwin, N; 2, Stawfiord, Ct; BA Toward, Nontany SOrissenant EC Hicks, Montzomery, Ala; RU Sponse, Ala: 48 Barlow, Boston; RB Par- now, Tew ‘avanpab, in the Steamshin Knoxvillo—J A Barnham, 81. Guion, Miss t, WA White, Mrs Crane. Henry It oger, Ged HL Kaymond, CC Conner, F Harper, WF Kar. gen anid indy, WA Buchér, WC Murray, Theovold Volz—and 7 in the steerage, From Now Crieaus, tn ship Far Weat—Mr John Kelly ant wile, From Galveston, in ship JW Fannir cbiidsen, Mis Tilton, Mary Tiba, DEPARTURES. Yor liverpool, in the steamship Atjantio—Horatlo Bicelow, Thos A Biidie, Vhuadeiphia, M, Hirschieid, M Kchener a Vomeroy nnd frjend, New York; Mr and Mea'N K Wade, child nnd servat ir Jaa ar . Mr and Mre a Brown, Mrs ‘Thos Jehn, ‘Newark; Richard Morely and Morety, Rev Wm Aribur, James Huysea, HI Knecht, 8 Brush, J Avon MY Fasion, Pen nt j—Mis Jelonic aud four H Amp' Dr Onlyin, M itch, M Overman, - ise ize B Onrroll ad Maier, Hillsboro, roke ape ie. Rotlerton, Lorenio; Henry Macon, Cobang; Miss IM Beasley, Win Barner. John Davis, Michigan; WD MeKimm, Heney 4 Schomdori!, Gearge C Thomas, Washi ‘Toman Apetey, Robart i Oavorne, aba A Boulos eG M de New York; Jas Sut- , Jose Arques, wife and thi Cook, 8 Milliken, Je, JoRn Palmer, Va; B Baviland, John 1) : Peter Malar Chicr Jean Abceea, Chas ‘Beausoln, SL 1D Staven- ir, New York: Miss aun Gill, John Duther, J de ia Mare, Tah ti aeaiaay 1 Hall, Now York; and sever For Charleston, ta the fsieamer Goutherner— a ight, Jos Parr, s a cor ‘W © Congdon, A Campbell, Miss Srait! Wf) i GG linkes, LN Pitinge, ©'O Buwell, A'D Flin, ont ghd co Nae lak aml or Bavannab, per sicamel!y Aucus ledy, four chiviren aed two serfrnty, tise Tobe we hee and lady, 7 Keed and lady, BIT Provost Provan, Mint W For 24300, three childe: Mrs Charles ‘Spoll, vow Fa Thompson. nnd vertant, Mex Plotdlag and Ineant, , EH Senior, Leimad Ty Walker, @ E Holle § W Hinch ederick Rinith. Henry L Brown, John H'T Brinker- B Painam, lady aod Yier and lady Parkman, J! Re W Chace, George T Post, ML lelding. ee ehiid, 17: Tad Ht Elliot, 6 Yt Lawres oh'd and vervant Capi Charles ¢ Woothridge, © Wilawi, @ M Neh bie age.