The New York Herald Newspaper, January 3, 1856, Page 2

2 NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JANUARY 3, 1856. mmandant referred Belize, telling th interests, Should she refuge 10 sckp owledge it ag a | tory in the vicinity of any of these routes, much less an | tion. Indeed, the Britich statement nowhere asserts ‘oat cmp gan a - eins NP | ‘of the State of Hondaras, and retaly, possession of it island, whieh, from its position and excellent harbors. | thot any of them had ever been oceupied at any period by I is moreover a fact that Ruatan has been of late | for herself, the United States would elearly understand | would enable a strong naval power in possession of it to | Great itein before their inco: tion with Ruatan, The probibilion ¢f ocompancy was therefore co-cxten- | It is understood, and indeed asserted by the Britis sive with the wholé territory Over which such cana's or | government, that protectorate is only used for the railreads wight pare. security of-the rights of the Mosquito Indians, and that nstign ject. A predetermination te, in ith our | close any canals or railroads whick might be eynstcucted | ard the establishment in 1851 of the solony of the “ Ba ‘The goveanment of the United States stands npon the | it is ready to abstain from further interference in that eee ae ee ek Paitish See Gas manifested will render ‘he oe four | across the Isthmus. Jelands.”? 7 ? treaty which it bay already concluded, firmly pelieving that | country whenever there rights can be in a prope: man- Wibjects and that’ the superintendents of Belize have | amicatte relations with her precy ricus, Now, wbether Great Britain was in the occupation of | " inde manner has the ‘ecb tate of Honduras been | under tbls Great Britain should, more, chan four years | ner guaran’eed to shove Lodiany ‘been in the habit of visiting the island, appointing the] * * * id * * . + | Roatan at the date cf the convention, or a bad le ‘along her coast, and | »go, have ceased to vecupy or exercise dominion over the | This is a question between the State of Nitaregsa andy wagistrates in it, and generally ng its affairs. In Iam, sir, respeetfully, yov.r obedient servant, title, cannot make the least difference ia now completely commanded by the impending | whole and every part of the Fositie coast. thore Indians, with which neither Great Britain nor th eine, tack to ancient Himes it is alao well known that W. L. MARCY. | construction of that instrument. power of Grea 4 It cennot, therefore, now enter into any new stipulation | Unived States ban apy bustness to interfere, except ii 1742 the English town formerly at Ruatan is colored MR. BUCHANAN TO MR. MARCY. ‘deen different, bad the question arisen between The government of the United States view the es- | confined to the port of Greytown and the xortnern part of | friendly con‘erence with Nicaragua. ae a British possession in the atlas of the West Indian [No. 39.} the State of Honduras. Sire question between the United | tablishment of the colony of the Bay Islands in a stil | San Juan. Such an agreement could only leaa to fresh Were this the ovly difficulty in carrying out the cor Yrlands.. It is certain that in 1838, 1830 and 1840, Wacarios oF Tas Usrrep States, States and Great Britain, however, is not as to the validity | more unfavorable Jght, than they do the emission | complications and, besides, would b hes aiaett admission | venticn of 1820, a8 1b understood by the United stalod 3 title, butno matter what itmay have been, wacther | on the part of the British government to carry the pro- | w e Un canno at the convea- | I should entertain bu ny aa isfactory Great Britain not only asserted her right to the same, but Lonpox, July 25, 1855. ot her title, bi y 5 part Ff caggy oe ‘tticto bethe | Yen of 1860 did not embrace the entice Mosquito coast justment might be made of the Central American ques @eclared maint t, by force ‘Sim—I have the Monor to transmit to ft the has not agreed to abandon her occupation under this | visicns of the treaty into ‘These pre er hy ar ae ‘nto the | remarks in as ~ patty Tamar yn stptament ot May), title—not what was the state of things Mefore, ‘but what | commission of a positive act in ‘ palpsvie violation of will at least prove that the pretensions of Great te aa o having been sent to his Lordship on the | she agreed it should become after the conclusion of the | the letter and spirit of the Clayton Bulwer conven- ‘to consider Ruatan and Bonaca dependencies of | 224 7 € . > * * convention, Still, out of deferense to the British state- | tion. as well a8 every other portion of Central America. tion, I apprehend however, that there will be mor ‘The British ‘statement claims the territory between. | difficulty in inducing Great Britain to comply with the the Sibrun and the Sarstroon by right of conquest, and | stipulavicns of the treaty, by surrenderiog the territory * Belize is of long tainly at the ours, respectfi AMES BUCHANAN, | ment. which contends that the British title was good to | 2. The Mosquito Protectorate, observes “that the treaty of 1786 was put a end to’by a | encrosched on by ber sunjects, between the Sibrua a wogthe weary of £350. ete ae Te | Kawrs, very respectfully, JAMES BUCHANAN. | Tiff island at. tne conclusion of the convention, itis but | Tt does not seem recessary to add arguments to thote | subsequent state of war 7 with Spain, ‘and that durlog | Surstroon rivere, He: claim to hold possewion of thi [ay | obrerves that Ruatan was eccupied in 1850 | meneapes IN REPLY TO LORD CLARENDON’S STATS: | proper to examine the reasons on which this claim was | of the former American statement, for the purpose of | that war the boundaries ot the British settlements in | part of Central America is as groundless as her preten. But if Ruatan was at that time known to be cceupied | 14 would not seem necessary to extend there remarks | Anclewt possession 1s invoked to sustain this claim, | ¢4 by the eetvention. raga Mages fern At ot Baap a es bi ae 4 me aapenty 20. oom 3 “ ement of Relize, is ° +t Britain 1s entitled to retain this territory. bmitted to her Majesty’s gove it Great Britain as @ settlement of , and the | yy pointing cut what might be deemed inaccuracies in | and it is said that ‘‘it is well known that [in] 1742, the recy past arcane Bina fee’ Co he itain fs ent fo retain jerritory. you have submitted her Majesty’ Toment It may be observed that the ement does not | against this claim can be refuted. Great Brita y at what period the boundaries of the British | cannot hold this territory without assumiog or exerci~ a. If this took place, | sing dominion over a part of Central Awerica, and, thi an it is believed it after the date of tha | she hav. in the most explicit manner, and in the strong- treaty of alliance between Great Britain and Spain, in | est terms, covenanted not to do. 1809, which terminated the war, thea this argumeat If she can succeed in her atterepts to convert her lice falls to the groun¢. If, before 1809, Great Britain, woen | to cut legwood at the relize, within the limits speci concluding this treaty, ought to have informed Spain, to | by her treaties with Spaim of 1783 and 1784, into 4 convert the encroachments of settlers in Belize on Span- | vereign right over that territory, and exiend it so a: ish territory into an absolute right. That she did not | tocover the region between the Sibrun and Sarxtroon, then intend to persue such a course towards an ally in | will in that way e:tirely destroy the mutuality of distress, is clear trom her subsequent conduct. convention of 1850. It was the manitest intension of th In 1814 Great Britain revived all her pre-existing instrument to exclude both of the contracting pactie cwmereial treaties with Spain; and what is the privilege | from holding, as well as seqnising territorial possession ranted to her by the treaty of 1780, of cutting mahogany, | in Central America. ‘Inia intentioa ws no* clothed i Legwood and other dyestuils, cn Sponish territory, thus | ambiguoue longusge, bit was vet forth fa explicit t evading her to extend British commerce in these arti- | The Umted Sates have bound themselves not to acy cles but a commercial privilege? any such possess d Great Britain bas stipulate. fe far from the treaty of 1786 being ‘put an end to” | not to assume cr exerci-e any dominion over avy part o! by the war, its continued existence in 1817 and 1819 was | Central Americ: This covenant is in no wise restristed recognized by acts of the British Parliament. by the explana‘ory note of the negotiations of the 4th of These declare in eo many words that Belize is not | July, 1810. within the territory and doiinion of his Majesty, “but Ye United States have a rigbt to insist, and do insist, ish government at Bel’ ited States government, notwithstanding, considered | jorq Clarend n’s introc’ resumé of the points in | English were formally settled at Ruatan;” but ia reply, ie to have been's persion of Central America, and thereby | ye" 'hitrenn’s stetement of Oth January, 185%, nor of | it way be stated that this possession was speedily alan: | Temarks shall therefore be confined to the topres pre- comprehended in the treaty, which Belize ami its depen- | the order in which these points bave been presented, It | doned. We are informed by Ree’s Cyclopedia, published | €1"* pp the Desa ever eataak (hate Gencies were not, the United States government would | iy'cuiicient to observe thet the sixth and last point of | in London in 1819, that ‘the Enghsh in the year 1742 | J this discussion, as in the cane of the Bay Setundh beyond doubt bave openly stated that it did mot consider | this resumé, embracing the true construction ef the con- | formed a rettlement here (in Ruatan) for the puxpose of | Opgbt ever to be borne im mane Chal i ot ae Soke eee reat Britain in the term ‘stand dependencies”, tnd | vention of April 19, ThG0, and which wae the frst dis | carrying cn the lognood trade, but it was voon aban | Sire og ‘enforced, and o> the historieal ckreumnstancen ception was made, in deer ing that her claim to Raatan, set taarortant ft i entitled opr Teng by far the | dofeavnswer to the map published by Jeffries in | Amd events which either preceded or followed its conclu- asa pat ofthe Belize settlement, was not about tobe | "the american government cordially reciprocates the | 1796, cited by Icrd Clarendon, it may be observed | Hm a ae noticed with satisfaction that the United States had not, under the convention, acknow- disputed. recy desire expressed by that of Great Britain “to live oa | that there Is another copy of the very same Hor Majesty's government deny that it has by the ittimate and friendly relations’ with the United States, | map in the Britich Musenm, published in the same | United St i wane ee Coo reneils Sanoy ing observations furnished am adequate reply io | Strong bonds ot interests and afinity ought to unite the | year, cm which Ruatan is not eclored aa a British | 1e¢Red We exatence of te NET eee eee the statemen: of Mr, Buchanan, and proved that the | two rations in perpetual peace and friendship. * poreeasion, At ihe date cf this map, mire than balta | ‘vito. This jelieves the argument trom muck embarrass, obligations of the treaty have in no respect been intring- ‘Mr. Buchanan therefore deplores the unhappy misun- | century ago, the gecgrophy of that portion of America was — - Fae sap fal eros Ba ea. But having performed this duty, Her Majesty's | derstanding which exists between them in regard to the | comparatively but Hitk known. For this reason, the map } Yom of having dene an act which would have been | eager desires to say that ft would be far more to | Construction of a conveniicn, which it was belleved on | published at London, in 1861, ‘by James Wyld, Gexgra- | demned by bis country. at eh the Beitish fs satisftetion te arrarge in fair terms any differences of | the part of the American govervment would terminate ail | pher to the Quewn.”” “of the West India and’ Bahan | 1 is also repeatedly adinitied tat, al’ hongl, fi NOt epmion with the government of the United States, thin | their pre-existing diffienlties in Central America. How | Islands with the adjacent coasts of Yucatan, Hondur government (10 empliy itsown language), “aid not, by to prolong discussion and argument respecting such | yyforturate would it be if this convention, instead of | Caracas,”’ &., asso to be fourd in the Brhish Museum, pe pein! EAE, BIS ee Pernt ane sec < settling, should only e-mplicate these difficulties. of much higner authority; and mpen its face Ruatan ana | Provect the Moca iton, yor at eee ny Te has also no difficulty in ding, that although it dit | “Tn TS sing to the British statement, while at bas be- | the other Bay Islands are ass’gned to Honduras, the | Himit that righy, the statement proceeded one not by the treaty of 1850 abandon the right of Great | ogre hie duty to maintain the proposition that Britain | sume view is presen‘ed by the same author on a former | *!¢P further, and speritied in what rector and to. wist Britain A gare the Mosquitos, yet it did intend to | has failed to carry into ellect the provisions of the con- | ‘map of the West Indies and Bahama islands,” &e., pub- extent the British government intendei to reduce an red Yimié th) ise of that right; the practical ; : ‘ r enti: Mimit thiv 2ight, the controversy on this point might | was merely a settlement for certain parposer, ia the | that the possessions cf the Bei r ; Giserence between Great Hirtaia end the United States Waele -# Ganaes ts Ite BORG I ee eet ae Hee en oie ried ‘ta: a wall Laown | ‘eB, for all vragticnl purposes, Have been settled. Why? | perfession and under the protection of Bis Btnjesty.” shall be restricted to the limite and objecss speeiiied | with regard to the only mutualiy important portion of | with the exalted Fespect Which be entertains for Great | historical fuct that it che English were in the occupation | Pecanre Lord Clarendon must resorted to the con- For the nature of this “settlement ania knowledge of | the Spanish grent, ond that oh parond on mics fal Mosquito, namely, that portion to which the constrac- | Pritsio seca actiedate at thee treaty with Spain of 1766, | Yentiou itself for the limivations imposed on the protes. | there certain purposes,” we can refer nowhere except | ing with’n Central America, shall bereliiquisncd. ‘Won and conditton of the canal which formed the origia The rights and the duties ofthe parties must be regu- | they abandoned it immediately therea‘ter in obedience to | f7n'*: and vhis would have informed him that it shall | to the treaties of1783 and 1786. ‘ou ure instructed by the President to urge upoa her: b rever be used for the purpose of “occupying” the “Mosqui- | But no matter what may be the nature of the British | Britannic Mrjesty’s government this view, and towlal and baris of the treaty of 1850, applies is very small | tated Ly the first article of the convention of the vik | that treaty. Brook’s General Gazetteer, pubished at indeed. That difference does not turn upon the point | april, 1850, and these observations shail, theretore, be | London tn 1853, cistinctly state; this fact. ‘It says, ‘ This whether Great Britain should retain her protection over primarily directed to the arce ment of its true maan- | beanti ul isiand, par:ialiy covered with wood, was once claims to the country between the Sibrun avd the Sera- | a compliance with it, as demanded by the stipulations ot troon, the observation already made in reference to the | the convention ot 1860. f Bay Islands ard the Morquito coast must be reiterated; | The British government baving been furnished with the to ccast,”’ or of assuming or exercising dominion over the same. Jet Great Britein no longer employ it for these a ‘the port of San Ji the ‘ing | of ai i 6 ” purporer—let her ceare to occupy this coast and exer- 5 e 1 Sat iver, Thu the conditions on which that. protection antich ‘at the Cis yten-Bulwer ae iis rn} the test | uattor, Tut aban conn wi Bikes wiitidrey Pesyy Cire deminion over it, and although not alt the convention | that the great question does not turn upon the validity | views entertained vy the ircsident in regard to the obli- should be withdrawn. ari he coarse we these remarks it 1s proposed ‘o main. | Moequito shore.” And Johnston, in his Dictionary of | Teguires, yet for every essential object that would prove | of this claim previcus to. the convention of 1860, but | gation imped by tbat convention, he expects it will be i ve ta ae or F 2 ee 0 mat Le ; " "| svfficien?. upon the facts that Great Britain has bourd herself by | equally explicit on its part. . Tn sbort, the practical question at issue relative to | tain, that this article requires Great Britain t> wich- | Geegraphy, published in London im 1851 and 1852 de- | "IE statement, strangely enough, rst pro- | wat convention not to cecapy any part of Central | He doer not doubt that the interest of the two coun- Greytown, and that part of the Mosquito terri‘ory | draw from the possession ‘of Ruatan and the other Bay | scribes tt as en isiend off the north coast of Central dorderin upon the river San Juan, is not whether | J.lands, the Marquito coast and the territory between | America, “formerly belonging to the English.” “+ Near Great Britain should, directly or indirectly exercise 0c- | the Sihun and the Sarstoon. Tne Belize settlement will | its soutbein extremity is a good harbor, with batre:ies America, nor to exercise dceminion over ic, and that the | tries, and the muival desire to maintaia exis'ing amice + territory in question is within Central Amories, even | ble relations, wilt alike inspire each party with a woncl- urder ‘the most limited cons‘rnetion of these | Jiatory spirit which will engblo thenrto overcome all ob- ceeds to discuse, at considerable length, what it terms “tne spirit of the treaty,” which it says ‘must always te inferred from the circumstances under which it takes minicn ever the same, but waether Nicaragua or some | gemand a separate consideration, erected by the Engiich during their former occupation.” ; i S i sf = aug a ; ‘ 786 lace?’ and afterwards, in avery few lines, disposesof the | words. In regard to Belize proper, conficed | stacles ty a sutisfactory a:ljustment, — Rapp gee amy cone a fecey pees i ee fs A poe aenrns iat a ate tt Fe Re perlog, Cen, Se Vp ohokey a big & erent question ot the true con: ea Ba of its langy: bs pS aoe —— ean ‘the Sesotios ft Tam, Sir, respecttully, your obedient peer as ebligaticns of Great Britain, the perce of the Central | {he parties vhall oser acquire avy exclusive control over | isacmitied by Captain Henderson, an oficer of the Bul. | hi#,cr rly 19 Fags Me SAFC aL Oe Oe ERE See Le tneeg Becad Tita: necbehte 16 bag Huts be WHEL, BUCHANAN T0 MR.MARCY. American continent, and the safety from persecution of | the Snip canal to be constructed detween the Atlantis | ish army, in his account, of the 'Britiah settlement of | 17, MFM Cag tune Pthe first neralfmes: | The government of the United States wil not for the pre- Pare ate sft ‘he Mosquito Indians ; or, on the other hand, whecher | 154 ihe Pacific by the route cf the river San Juau de | Hemduras, an authority which will net be disputed, that | {10> | Cf. Preeti fo oaiee tt Sa not alin erwGle ty sett neon ib’ yitthdieaal ef'Great Bittety trom, pi = Niearagua should be'pa' in poseeasion of that territory | Nicaragues and that oeither of them stall ever ercet o: | ft was s{fft a Spanish island fn e04. The next we hear | $0 cet eer hat no need of interpretation. "When «| this settlement, provided all the other questions between A ek: See OORT } ima —, sanyo apnea rae — maintain any fortideations commanding the tame, or in | ot it is that it was in the Possession of Hendavas in 180, | deed ts worécd in clear and precise terms, when its mean. | the two governments concersing Central America can be | Sim—1have the honor of transmitting to you the cop; ici e rd to this stipulation no dis- , Hom and destruction of the Mosquito people, an alter. | te,vicinity therect, Ip regard Ween the parties. Bat | rill coutinuec to exist; and was in that year (not in 1839, | 'n6 is evident, ard leads to Bo absurl conclusions, there mative to which Great Britain could not consent, ani | the article proceeds further in tts mutually self-denying | asin the former siatement,) ptured trom that State wah petty Suara decent eas lewneet which the government of the United States could have | policy, andin the recond place declares that neither of by the British forces, but was soon afterwards restored. | Which such Coed naturally preente, | te go ¢vtend it 1s mo motive in requiring. the parties will ‘occupy or f rtify, or colomize or as- e flowing extract from Crow’s ‘Gospel in Central ee Sarr Mn of ‘s rag ine M eerecnte arate It is true, that in that more remote portion of the | sumb, or exercise any dominion over Nicaragua, Costa | Atnerica,’? an able and interesting work prepared sfter | pul an Atempe te cad’ tet) et Samet will not Mosquito territory where the chief or king of the Mos- | hiza, "the Mosquito eoast, er any part of Central Ame- | perscnal observation, and published in London in 1850, edhednicmenp ecm A no w $ quitos himself resides, s British consa! or sgent als> | rica. i gives a cerrect account of the trameaction. The author | Tender uceles. | te pritish state Teeides, and this resident may oftentimes be called upon ‘We now reach the true print. Toes this language ro- | *ays, in 1880:—‘ The only notable breach upon peace and | one arse to prove that the I vs 2 eee amicably adjusted. It bas been influenced to pursue | of a note which I this day addressed to Lord Clarendgu,, this course partly by the declaration of Mr. Clayton, on | on the Central American question, in obedience to the 4th of July, 1850, but mainly in consequence of the | instructifhs of the 6th ultimo, (No, 104). I shall extension cf the license granted by Mexico to Great Bri- | course, be anxicus to lea:n whether it has received tain under tke treaty of 1826, which that republic has | President’s epprebation. It has been prépared with! ze taken no steps to terminate. It is, however, dis- | much care; my purpose having been to employ concilia- inetly to be understood that the gov@gnment of the | tory language, so far as this might be done consistently: United States acknowledge no claim reat Britain | with the Prerident’s instructions and the attainment of ithin Belize, except the temporary “liberty of makiny the objects which he had in view. to give his opinion or advice to the Mosquito govern- i wi ww fom her exist- od order was the seizure of the island of Ruatan, in the hd > P. e object cl a Bop age datarnah ol tainiradsheaeneverp my [ mthin4 fate | tema has oh iy cree hea et ine St lesane, by the authorities of the neighboriog | Sbeeure—a most difficult tark—before it evule properly ure of the wood of the different tloas, he fruits, an Youre, very respectfully, — ‘with strong ones, more expecially when those strong ones | wae stn ae ee tye peculiarly anplicable to | Bitch settlement, But upon complaint by the federal | Tesort toextreneous cireumstances to explain its mean- | other produce, in thelt mataral tate,” vou Recognized sec atg JANES BUCHANAN, have agreed to protect the weak ones from external ag- tis coat will find a more eppzopriate place ia a sub- | government the act of the Superintendent of Belize was ing. - Nevertheless, following the order of the statement, x ¢ former Span: ish sovercignty over the country Hon, Wun L. Marcy, Secretary of State. grestica, aud nny therefore reasonably expect. to have | setncnt portion of these semarcn, Ficorelfcally Cisallowed by i ernment, thong it | &1ePIy thall first be given to the circumstances ad | now belorge elther to Guatemala or Mexico, ‘ch, KUCH ARLN 40 Lone Dhan. Sueh influence over their policy as may prevent them | ““freny"individual enters into a solemn and explint | bas since been practically repeated in precisely the same | “VC. tuatnary to these, the statement branches | mest Coa ee eee ioe tienteepremed | _,THe undersigned, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister from givirg just pretext for invasion. agreement that he will nos “occupy” any given tract of | gvarter, and under the sanction ef the same power.” | ceiitos declaration “that Mr. Buchanan confounds the Ad Plenipotentiary ct ihe United States, has been instructed ch " ( eee Satie tan iO recenitiate amdaengin, | by the President again to call ‘he attention of the Earl enit, by ttrergthening and eonsclidating the frleudly | of Carencon, Her sajesty’s Frinetpal Secretary of Stave relations which it was celculnted to cement and perpotu- | {0F Foreign Affuirs, to the Central Am/ricsn questions ate, Under these mutual feelings it is deeply to be re- | Pendirg between th» two governments, under the con- ted that the two governments entertain opiaions so | Venton of 10th of April, 1850, re r The Pre-ident bas directed the undersigned, before re- Ree Coe tnt er ee te Ee ea enae |, tring from Lie olsen to request frem the Bttish govern It is true ‘also that Englishmen may thus be in the | country then actualiy occupied by him, can any propo- | There is anovher evidence cf a similar character in the esuncils of the king of the Mosquitos, acting as his sition be clearer than that be is beand. by bis agccemeat | Poseessicn of Mr. Bucbanan, but as i: proceeus from minister, but Eoglishmen and Americans both hotd | to wichdvaw from such cecupancst Were this uot the | American sourere, it ix demed best to le: the facts, expe- the ame position in the Sandwich islands, the | case these words would have no meaning and the agree- | cially as they hsye not been contradicted by the B:i:ish pment of which is carried on by foreigners, but | ment would become amere nullity. Nay, more, io its | Sstatomect, rest tpem the authority of a Britis author S ineverthelem (and the race is Indian) considered | effets it would aicount t? a condraation of the pacty in | of bighly respectable character. The author then pro and treated a7 independent. To alter this s:ate of | the pos:esrion cf thst very territory Which he had bound | ceeds to speak in indignant terme of its second capture two conditions of a sovereigaty and a protectorate, and under this error treats the agreement not to ‘colonize, nor occu] y, nor aveume, nor €xercise dominion over,’ as ine uding an agreement’ rot to protect.”” Now, admit: ling, for the sake of argument, that these words do not include ‘an agreement not to protect,” they do at least Hmit this protection so that it cannot be employed for might, at the present mcment be impossirle, | himselt not to occupy. and would practically be equiva- | 8nd annexation in 1841, Cenouncing it as an ‘ inglosious ; ment a statement of the position which it has deter- Dut her Majesty's government would be ready aad | jent to an agresman that Be ghaale remit ie possession | revoluticn.” i ae Leeinek of cccupying or exercising dominion over, the Usrrep frates Lecanion, Loxpon, July 22, 1854. Inined to maiztain in regard to the Bay Idlands;ghe ter- willing to enter into such engagements as should prevent | 4 contradiction in terms. It ix difficuit to commen! Lord Clarendon in his statement admits that this | Coto Park but little fat ope te) MR.BUCHANAN TO MR MARCY. ritory between the Sibrun and the Sarstroon, @ well as Great Britain from receiving any privileges or advan- | Cn lar guage which appears so plain, orto offer a-guments | island and that of Benaece “ have doubtless been at va- | “'NO* Cutt ot he found, hh to theepachee [No. €1.] the Belize scttlemer.t, and to the Mosquito Protectorate. Be from the Mosyuito government, not granted to othec | to prove that the meaning of words 13 not directly oppo- | ticus times left uncecupied, and at others claimed or bel wan atatemaneter the ellcisn thaphe bad pleas Lacatioy or Tur Unitep ciel ‘The long delay in asking for tala information haa pro- le 0 i . B dd) é 4 38, te re Ns x a iY tes. site to their well known signification. by other powers,” but says ‘itis certain that in 1838, | Ca'tqo things +o cistiret in thelr nature aa ‘a sovereiga- aac tnk Pea np sn Feb. 16, 1855. ceeded from the Piesiceni’s reluctance to manifest any 11 public business has | impatience on this important subject whilst the atten- been suspended in this country, except such as relates | tion of her Mujesty’y government was engrossed by to the existing war with Rursia. From interviews I casu- | war with Rusia. Gut as more than» yea: has already. ally tad with Lord Averceen on the day before the vote | elapsed since the teimination of the discusei sn on the: against his wimstry. in the House of Commons, I was | questicns, ard es the first session of a new Congress is ecpfirmed in the betief that the Central American ques- | rapidly approaching, the President cces not tions would bave been settled had ke Femained in power | that be would be justafled in any Jonger delay. * Her Majesty’s government can hardly anticipate any ‘And yet the British government considerthat the con. | 1830 and 1840 (it cvgbt to have been in 1841) Great B.i- eb @idicuity st ‘his time with the United States, respecting | yon ton intereies will none of thelr existiog pesse-sions | tain not only asserted her right vothe same, Yut declared SA caso pa egret etl nahek oh the continental eta slishment of Honduras, the limits of | jy Central Amvrices-that 1 is entirely prospective ia its | ber intentin to mein‘ain that right by force.”” TeGupheoh tte WEsla Hattcent, Gn tne, soaten ae whieh, in 1850, were to well known, and can beso easily | Yuture, ana merely prchibits them from making new ac- | _ That is, in substance, that Great Bri ain captured this | pCUBN CR. Mis winees statement, | Om TiN Ht a the aecertained, acd which will not beexiended; but haviag | Quisiens. It this be the case, then it amounts toa re- | island from Honduras in 1841, and expelled the troops of | Oe. Krn deat and empl ped on! sheweeattsecapy?t mhown thatits pretensions to the islands of Ruaton ant on ot their right on the part of the American goy. | that State fiom it, and now maintains that this capture | {Or SN 0 0) On es erste demieion nth 6 Py Bonsea are of no recent date, and that they were uu- ut to sll the possessions which they already boll, | gives her tile. Th ie impossible that Great Britain can heck esac cavkave-sincen taunted Abe! pre: qnestioned by the Mnited States government in 1850; her | yiist toe United States have bound themselves by the | claim this islend by the right of conquest, because the | 49, F 5 : afew weeks lenger. * * Whilst it is far from the purpose of the uucereigned to Majesty's government cancot adinit thet an atteration {o etrewent never. under any clreumstances, | cepitre war made in atime of profound penve. she ean: | (eT ere cea mere hi law, dney aseners eer Yours, very rempectfully, re-open the geperal discusrion, he has been iasteucted to — we sees a of these is! a isa 2 posession of a foot of territory in Central | Rot ecnvert the very act of which H ncnras complains tavege ona cegraced character cf the Mosquito Indians BS JAMES BUCHANAN. commonica’e to the Far! of Clarendon the conclusions at tion o! - ~ meats or affords @ just cause of remon The mutuality cf the convention would thas wong and an eutrage, into the foundation of British | 4y.a4' re Heaty cf protection could exist between her Bri Eon. Wu. L. Marcy, Secretary of State. which the President has arrived upon the whole case. trace tothe United Statam S ae eith mans dD y cestroyec, and whilst Gre«t Britain may oun. | title. Of the merner in which the seiznre of Ruatan | {20D ie vojesty and the King of the Mosqnitces, suck ae MR. MARCY TO MR. BUCHANAN. Alter Laving carefully reviewed and resonsiders all! Ped mens _ “ - i Pel tive te hold nearly'the wiole eastern coast of Central | Was made by the superintendent of Belize in 1841, Mx. | io "Teccgnind among civilized nations, Under such & [No. 1 the questions involved, with the light cast upon them by | ra of business betveen nations, the ome calculyie \o | America, the United States have abandoned the right for | Crowe speaks in the followl: g langna treaty 1be protected power reserves to iteelf the right of DEPARTMENT OF STATE, the Earl of Clarendop’s sta*ement of the 2¢ o: May, 185 posed Lares gin siepen Peering ail foture time to acquire any territory, or ta receiveiato | As he expected, Colone! McDonald found only s few inhsbi- | acnazt-tering its own government—z right which it was Wasinxcron, Aug. 6, 1855. f the Presicent bas expressed his unwillicgness to delle g to prolong and increase di the American Union any of the States in thet: portion of | tan's, under core of a sergeant and.® small deta:hment of sol | fovoniule re ie Mastaltons to exercise, Janes Bucmanan, Kay., &e., &e., bo : that the pesitions, wich be concefves to be rather indi- to diminish and rem ive them. th ‘The latier is the rode which her Majesty’s govern- t. This self impos ohi Giers, belonging to the Stare of Hundaras. Jhese being incapa a ge teh section to" the teats in pst A ater gr Die ot revistance, be proceeded. to bastdewn tha tag of the his rominal protectorate must thezefore, from the ment earnestly ce-ives in the present iastan: 4 ene Of its ecneinéton, and was powetfatiy! v edb: Republic. and to hoist that of Great Bricain in its stead, No | pature of el be an absolute submission of these In- ard to ree adopted, ow be nesessary to say | some cf the test wen in the tae abit a Live Meek sooner, however. had he ré-embarked than he bad the mo-tif | claps to the | yitish government, which, in fact, it bas rpment of Great tein more sincerely desive to tring tarite obo aibts {ai snineicn d the ir gloriot rare + — ; | bee re a jr poasess! Se tathette aah Sisaily selations; that chet of the Citta hag elias Gane Kea ibn nes gm fed the ir glorious revejusan Us tapice spect precnuilons aad } ihe Mesyui.o coast, and ia the exercise of domiaion over is i open gi Aiea ie Babee hg gelbarar tn gere a it, in the seme reanner as though she were its undis own ccntin great ui Sm—The President ie abxious to have the questions | cated therein than finally adopted will, be adhered which bave been raised on the treat; tween the | by the British government. + United Statesand Great Britaia cf the 19th of April, 1850, Iv was, in bis opinion, the manifest intention of the tettied, if pereible, or at least brought to a distinct issue | Convention to exclule b th conracting parties from before you zetire frcm your miasion, Tie negati holding or oveupying, as well as feom acquistog territorial cannot be ecnmitted to any one whoso well understands | Porsestion in Centre Avoerios; and that this intentin is The rutject in ali its kearings aa you do, or who can so | Bot clethed in ambiguous language, out is est forth in United States. It is in accordance with the spirit which On - tha convent ‘The British winetple th i ‘The Caited Si Ave bound themsel a oe a "gin must pass, the convention at tue be British etatement conterts the principle that the | yited bas cc! . d 1 in and _ the it explicit terms, ‘The Caited States have bound themselves y's governwent thus distinctly ayows that her tel'Great Britain’ to remaiaia the ceca. | Central American provinees having by 4 sidccessful revo- Ey ieaniiorss SE eine canibe concelar ebly sustain and carry cut the views of the Unived | ott, acquire any such possessions, and Great Britain [kata cmt pared the Usied | pancy ot shi her existing po seseions in that region, Mr, | lution become intepencent Stare: ceed witha toe eT ee eee oe ee Peed. All the reat is | The resident has been unwilling to manifest: {pa | bas stipulated not to “assume or, exercise any d mfnion t the two governments of Grea! Britamn and the } }chanan exrres United States should at once enceavor to come to some | yonid vp: Hiexce at the celay which has attended this negotiation, | ©¥er ary part of Central America.” Iniced, without while ber Mejesty/a government was evgrossed by the such reciprocal engagements, no mutunity whatever sthe confident conviction that there | respective limits to el the territorial rights of Spain. mere ferm. In this pciat of view. it is wholly inmate. ve been a single vote In the American Se- | As the siatement presen's no reason for denying thi- | jis) whether the relations of the Mosquito Indians to- frwndly voder standing as to the government weich -houid in Yavor of ite. yatttiagtion. in & discussion i | principle, it fs not deemed necessary to assign reesons in ue ats would Lave existed zetween the covesants ot the contract- de definitely formed wt Greytown, in order to adiai® of : z Paps he ek one peop Ab big ar Br sare Be cetsary to assign rensons in | wa;ds Great Britein te called a protectorate, or submis: | wer with Russia, but he deems it to be but reasonable | } " ssluded fe aoe saree ae el Rta ipl em ‘or granted that the ccnvention required Great Es support, in addition to those of the former Ameriaan | gon or ly ary other name. The gest vlject of the con- | that it shou'd now be urged to a conclasion, It is im- | ig Parifes. Whilst the Umled States, are cago withdraw irom these pertent that the Cnited Sta‘es should know the position | Cecupying, eoloniziog or exercising dow Greet Britain is determined to maintain relative to the | Fart of Central Awerica, ir eanoct pe admittei that the Central American questions. fame restriction, impozed in the very saine language, is ossessions, and staicment. The principle cannot, it is eonceired, be sue- | \eqrion, as understocd by the gove:nment of the United y in Central Ameri cessfully controveried. Were any third power tointer- | <tites, ts that to 0c th nit ntion there was juite | pore and seize that portion of territory which the eman- ont cl ater ny gustneee te Coen ane gh ae tothe engsgements which such governments shouls enter into wi h regard to the claims of C»ta Risa, anc ion ot the con the future non-molestation of the Mosquitos; and thet mins of ont rhc pig icp enelbue l sigbag re ee pe Presser ‘ not equally applicable to Great Britain. the t wernments should endeavor in the samo nw 7ch pe existed in the Huuse pthc l wt Cetend, all powers might exercise | retained Tneed not express to ycu the surprise the President equally applicat sh. ser: to" cues 40 wenn “tdandly understanding "as to the Great he convention with Spain of 1788 re yuired ‘ame right, ard thus the utmost confusion and injus- The leading—indeed it may almost. be said the only— | felt on learning the views of her Majesty’s government, The Pre ident \herefore confidently believe: that Great scat L 1 ‘the | Britain is toune by the first article of the conventiyn of 24 bf Say oot Minette sw sea ‘e statement of the | 1860 to withdraw trom the possession ehe now holds of ands, constituting what may now be looked upon #s the | Ruaten and the other Central American iclends on the iri coast of the State of Honducas, as well as from the tec SRL ae aT GTR OaNTE: ak: Oe eo ioe tery in Cenirel Arverica buiweem the tiorun and the trary to the spirit, but directly at variance ‘oon, ¥ hich has been eccroached upon by her Majes- gh anni e pritain to withdraw trem the Musquito protecto- would follow. If Great Britain could seize Ruatan, | ¢; . it 4 5 mode by which proteetion may be most elfetually at | rare, ee France might have taken possession of anothr portion of | Cacumstance 2 jie eat ne tee Mota the Gastro of her Majesty's fades sink oe: Ibere is the strongest reason to believe that the same | Honcuras. and the Urited states of a part of San Salva- | pendence’ which took place in Lanéon, in Novecber. Pel ge cdaretlng pete 18 Pat to com, | Copstruction was placed upon the convention by the | dor, ard thus a successful revolution instead of proving | ig4y, between Mr, Lawrence and Lord Palmerston. It is - - raghe at to coa- | gevernment of Great Britain, at the time of its en a benefit to those who bad asserted and maintained their | thus sought to convert this preliminary correspondence. solidate acd strengthen it, by strengthening and sion, Ifthis were not the ‘case, why these strea indepencence, would give rise to a general scramble | which cceurrea menths be'ore the convention was cov- eolidating the friendly relations whica it was citcula re the raiifications were ‘exchagi t i ts. He is al inion that the posee: c 2, ys : pre the r ations we changed, to have | among the nations for a proportion of the spoil. e nt indir ith the clear lan; ¢ of the convention of 1850. ty’s subjects. He is also of opinion that the possession of eae ietaniccnaton Gani Ene sh settlement of Lelisé expecially excepted fom | But the British statement not only denies that the See eee eee cine at ike en gusasay WiAfier the very ecgent argument coutsined in your | the British gcvernn ont at the Pelize thould be restristed yegrets that avy misunderstanding should have ari- its eperation? Upon the opposite construction of the | treaty with Mexico, of the 26th Uecember, 1826, is a | ternards employed by the actual negotiators. By such | reply to that statement, the President is unwilling to ba- to the lin iis and objets specified in the treaiies between with respect to ite tems, but it entertains the firm convention, it ought to have teen their desire to place | Tecogrition of the principle a lieve that the positions, rather indicared than maintain- | Great Baltain and Spain ot 1/83 and 1780. rted, but maintains that | eens all agreements between sovereign States might be ef, that by the explanations it has now given, and th: that settlement under i:s eC D r given, and settle a protection, and thus secure | it prove the contrary. . by Lord Clarendon, relative to IL be ad- Ip regard to the alleged protectorate over the Mosquito maees itm kes, that mi wearin Vile - som | Great Britain in ite cecupancy. At the date of this treaty, Great Britain was in pos- seat aieaner ten teense ae ra ‘take the geaoldung of bere to. “Wesdyuletion 80 miglinn ta eee, Pee kingéom, the President has instracted the unders(j to = ee ence avienk CLARENDON, The concuct of the government of Great Britain on this | estfon, for special purpores, of the usufruct ef Belize, | 4 puilding, they are cast asice alter the edifice hes been | clearly epp.icable to the Bay Is'ands, is to be nullified by | MY: it was bis confident belief that this prote:torate had i #, May 2, 1854. occasion can be satisfactorily accounted for only on the | Which she bad acquired from Spain, under the treaty ot | orected. ¢ interpretation, every other provision in thet instrument, | been finally disposed of by the convention. | Iv is, there- MR. MARCY TO MR. BUCHANAN. principle that, perceiviug tie language of the convention | 1786. Upon what other prineiple could she have solicited | "Yat even if such a process were legitimate, there is | 0 far as it imposes cbiigations upon Great Britain, may | fore, much to his regret that he finds it is still eontinued [No. 42.] to be sufliciently explicit and comprehensive to emmrace | aud cbtained from Mexico en agreement that British cub | nothing in the correspondence which, so far from weat- | in the rare wey, and with equal plausibility. te deteaved. | #* the basis of Briti-h dominign over an extensive region Devawrwust ov State. Pelize, they must have mae these efforts to prevent the | jects should vot te distursed in the enjoyment ot this | Gning, dcce not fortify the construction placed upon the | Shonld Great Briiain refuse to withdraw from Ruatan | in Central America. | Even haga Great Britain ad- Wasiiscton, June 12, 1854. 5 recesrity of their withdrawal from that settlement, Aad | Mmitedusufrnct, unless upon the principle that Mexico had |coryenticn hy the government of the United States. Mr. | and the cther islands on the coast of the State of Hondu- | mite that the conven‘ion ‘eens: restrictions on the pro- Frq., &3., &e., ke. ae no atterop was tnnde to except avy other of their pos- | inherited the ec vereign rights of old Spain over the Belize Jawrence first arks Lord, Palmerston, as the primary ob. | Ta8, her determination, in that respeet, could not but be | tectcrate cisimed, yet she still’ continues to exercise the al of Lord Cherendon’s reply to yous ror its operation, the rulethat erpressio unius | settlement ’ Had she then intended t» claim this settle | fect, snhether the British goveroment intends to ccvupy | regarded by the I'rerident ae_a non-compliance with the | sme Gominion over the Mosquito coast which she had statement in regaré to Central American affairs, does noi | ¢! exclusio aieriue, applies to the case, and amounts to an | went in absclute sovereigniy, she : would have } Or ¢clonize Nicaragua, Costa Kiea, the Morquito coast, | stipwations of the treaty of 1850. The fact that thess | done before its dare. Inceed, at the present moment, no @moouraye 3 of a speedy adjas:ment of them. * * * | admire they were bound to withdraw from ail | sought and obtaiced from Mexico a continuance ot ner | or any part of Central America,” »nd ‘hen fnquires | wlands area part of Central America is so unquestiona- | Viti:Je power, civil or military, exists in the Mosquito I still indulge the hope that by the array of facts aad | their ether Centra) American possessions, special license. The idea of am absclute owner askiag a | ‘whether the British government will unite with the | ble, ond the stipulations of the convention are sodirest- | tersitcry, excep’ ‘hat which it exercises by British sub- arguments bearing on ‘the questions ia cierence ixre- | _ Ifthis 90 the trne construction of tae eonvention, as | sp‘cial permission to use his own property, in a particu. | Upited states in guaranteeing the neatrality of a | ly applicable to them, that there rerms to be no room for | jects, nctwitbstanding tue convention expressly prokibite rd to Central American affsira, the government of | well as its reauitest spirlt, then let us apply it to the od- | Jar manner, from @ person in whom he recogaizes no ¢hip canal, railway. or other comsaunication to be open- | Taising a question of interpretation. voth parties frem using apy protection which either reat Brit:in will be induced to abandon the miin posi | jects it was intended to embrace. And firs’, of Rustan— | lille, would be, to say the least, a ncvelty if nut an ab- | ¢d to the world, and common to all nations.” In reply, After whiak was seid to you by Lord Aberdeen, when at | may sltort te any Slate ct perme, fur the purpose of oc- tons astumed by Lord Clarendon in his statemea: of the | thus, for the present, disembarvassing oursetves from the | Swidity. Greatly to ber credit and goed faith, however, | ford Valmerstcn ‘ays, “ that her Majesty’s government | the hend cf the British government, it is to be hoped that cupying, fertify ing or colonizing the Mofjaito ooast, or 2d ult. Morquito Protestorate. Great Britain agieed to hold under Mexico inthe very | io not intend to cceopy er eotmize Nicaragua, Costa | the British pretension to hold Ruatan will be abandoned, | *PY Tart of Centra! America, or for the purpore of as: ‘This government cu1 neve yield the pre‘ension that | _ Ii ts not Couied by the British statement tha: Ruatan | twine matmer she had held under old Spain, sud thus | Mice the Mosquito coast, or any part of Central Ameri. | If Great Byitain still persists in holding there islands, and | ing or exercising deminion over the sane. 5 5 he declarations of the British government thit its in maintainirg a colony there, her determination to that effect should be distinctly announced, so that this go- | Protectorate is only employed for the seourfty @f the yerpment may no longer be left in doubt ag to her inten- | Mabts of the Mosyutto Indi and that ft is ready to U:ns. On this point you are instructed to ask of her | #bs ein from further interference in, that couctry when- Majerty’s gcvernment an explicit declaration. ever thease rights can, in @ ae Poe ‘ihe main izducement which this government had, ai | {0 them, cannut ve recogn by the United States as you Lave well observed, for entering into this treaty, was | bavirg ary founda‘ion inthe convention. The Presideas to prevent Great Pritain from acquiring or exercising | Considers this to be a question between Nicaragua énd dewinion in Central America; bu: this opject is entirely | the Incians within its territory, with which neither defeated by the interpretation which the B itish govern- | Great Briv#in nor the United States has any right to in- hd togive to that instrument. While the terfere, except in iriendly conterence with the authorities United States are exciuded from occupying, colonizing or | of that State. exercising sny deminion over any part of Central Ameri- Having thos cistirctly presented to the British govern- ca, it cannot be admitted that the same restriction is | Ment the views cf the government of the Unites States ta the trea‘y of the 1 my h April, 1859, was only prospective | ‘is clearly a Central American island, ani bat thicty | clearly recognized the rights of Mexico. ca;” ané he also gave an equally tattefactory answer to its operation nd ihat Great Britain retained the | miles distant from the (Honduras) port of Pruxitlo.”” In. | | How does the Brilish stetement snswer this argument’ | (ye second inquiry of Mr. Lawrence. Il she than had, or now claims to | “vec, i: was impos-ible that this could be deniel Why, | Jt says that the treaty “‘stwply stipulates that Brivish ‘Now, whst inference can the British statement draw America. then, is this islond not embraced by this convention? | subjects should not be worse off’ under Mexivo indepen: | from this language? It is, that as the correspondence 4 the aliegation that Rusian | Cent tban under Mexico when a Spanish province.” And } which is alleg-d to bave been be’ore the negotiators “it was natural ia recogoizieg the independence of } does not refer to the Mosquito protectorate by nam : Mexico thet Great Britain should make such astipula- | therecre they must have intended that this should re- ce Clayton's declaration cf the 4th July, 1850 tion.” It was certaiply natural that she shoald do this. | mein untouched by the treaty, But no inference can treaty. There is room for a fair dillerence of ogin admitting, for the soke of argument, th but enly cn the gine al thet Mexico might otherwise } prevail ogainst « positive fact. If the correspondence be to the position she should in future oceapy ia reg’ ix binding on the United States, to what does it amoint/ | bave asserted ber mghfs as the successor of old Spain, | silent in iegard to the protectorate, not s» the convea- Belizo or British Honduras. It waa not the odject of tao | Its la: guage is very explicit. ‘The convention was not | 4d.at any moment have termiaaied the license. tice, This expressly embraces it, and declares, ‘nor President, as you will perceive by your generai instruc | vrdermwod by either of the negotiations, says Mr. Clay- The British statement observes that since the eap‘ure | will either (of the parties) make use of af Protestion tions, to’ direct you to tosist by the Claston-Bulwoc | tom, “‘to inclute the Briish settlement in Honduras, | of the islanc in 1841 no attempt bas been made by Hon- | which either affords, or may afford, or any alliance which treaty she was bound to abandon the possession of | (commonly called British Honduras, as distinct from the | duras to recapture it, and that the commacdant of | cither hes or may have, toor with any State or people, vm given for i It was certainly our expestation thut she came uoder | The only res odjigation to the United States by that in-trament to | smi the adjacent islands were cependencies of Bell: ffnics withdraw from interference in Central Amer 4 from the operatioa of the conven’ and this expectation is sustained by the lang the Belize. She had a right for a » parpove | State of Honduras). nor to the small islends ia the neigh- | Truxillo, when cn two or three cccastons complaints hac | for the it erecting or maintaining ai hior- | not impored on Great Britain. regard to the obligetions imposed by the convention of fo vceupy a smi district of sountry on the shore of the | borbood «f that settlement which may be known asita | Deen wade to hia for redress aguinst the settlers of Rua- titenticbr Bef} cen ying, Torlitying, or colonizing Nt. | _ Youre, therefore, directed to dec'are explicity to her | 1860, the President feels assured ‘hat the Ba'l vt Claren- but bad no tovereignty over it. Thy | dependencies. a tan, had referred sem to Belize, teiiog them that the | caregua, Cesta Rica, the Mosquito coast, or any part of | Majesty’s government thatthe President, after a fullcon- | den Will, with ot a acteristic frankness, be equally expiicit , right andthe extent of territory to ‘The sraii fslands in the neighborhood of that » island woe British, Buz what inference can be drawn | Central America, o: of assuming or exercising dominion | tideration of whatie allegedin Lord Clarendon’s statement | im prerenting the views of the British government in re- from these facts? Hondoras from hb bit applied are both clearly defined ia her treaty | ment!’ Whatare they’ Thee are undoubtecly C. of the 2d of May, 1854, t entertain a doubt gard to these obligations. with Spain of 1786. If this territory could be frirly con ina, and ‘‘ the @uster of sroall idands’? on the cannot entertain s doubt but that over the ssme.”” Great Britsin ‘is solemnly bound by the first article Jn corclusien, the undersigned is instruc‘ed to state + feebleness has bien compelled to But even if the convention had not contained this ex- sidere! within the limits of Central America, then t the distance of “th from the River | Fubmis and to resort to the only remedy which the weak | press stipulation in regard to the Mosquito protectorate, | of the convention of 1850, not to occupy, or fortify, that the President does rot doubt that the in-erest of the British postession of it was affected by the treaty. aad | Sfvun,” parte in the British eon e against the powerful. Complaints and protestacions | and bad stroply provided for carrying into effect the in- | colonize, or assume or exercise any domthion over Rua- | {Wo countries and their mutaal desire to msintaia exist- this government might consequently claim the abandon vention Ww . Indeed, the sume st the act, which she bas never ceased to make, | tention expressed by Mr. Lawrence and Lord Palmerston, | tan, or ny other of the islands on the coast of the State ing friendly relavicns, will ali have boom vlaced poo ment of the Pritisn occupatiom and dominion ovor it. | Cumstruction Miniter at Washiogton ‘The arsertion of the claim upon Great Britain to abeadon | this convention by the Briti-h r coly resource. How ridiculous it woald | that neither of he parties should “ occupy or colonize ure. f i of Hendurae, known or described as the Bay Islands, and | ® cencilistory spirit. and ave attempted tore-capture this | (he Mosquito ccast.’’ this would, it is conceived, have that he expects she will, in fulfilment of the stipulations | Obstactes to a raticfactory adjustment of the Central Belize as a territory inchuied in the teeaty, is embarrass. | in his letter to Sir. Clayton of the 7th of January, 1654, | islond tran Gicat Britain And the commandaut of vuflicient to bind Great Britain ch | of that treaty, abandon the possessior ot | American questions. ed by two considerations: first, by the notes which passed | 4 copy ot whichis doubtless in the possession uf Lord | T:uzillo would, ss a matter of cvurse, refer comolsigants eupation. In peint of fact, it rocaltad this part of Untral Apaisn cacalop deuce ‘The undersigned bas the honor to renew fo the Earl of Detweer the negotiators of the treaty at the time ofex | Ciarerdon. It would be » strauge comstrustim of M st the settlers in Rua'an to Great Brit © Te | from atundact caution alone, that the clause just qnot- It wou'd be superfiucus to eplarge upyn the views you | Clarerdon the aseurances of his distingnished considera~ oharging jicationa; and second, as to the doubt as ta | Ciayton’s carefully guarded language to inake ais smali | & —tbe power in possession, acd the ooly power | ed from the convertion was superadded, prohitiring | have taken of the British protectorate ove> the Mosquito | tiow. JAMES BUCHANAN. its geogra phi position being within the limits of Cen- | islands in the neighborhood emorece the comparatively | in existance which could apply the remady. Great Britain, whether under the name of “ protecto. | Indians. Thegroundlessmess of the British pretensions ‘The Right Honorable the Earl of CLarexpoy, &. tral Aweri large ana ve pertan: islind of Rustan, with fos ex- | Jf, “herefore, the question depenaing had been between } rate” or ‘allance,” from ‘ cccapying” the Mosquito to exercite control or dominion in Centre! American MR. BUCHANAN TO MR. MARCY. [No. 05.) Diseovering on the part of the British government a | cellent harbo: tin the neighbor! Britair and Honduras and the point to be de | coast,’ “or of assuming or exercising dominion over the | affairs under the shadow of this protectorate, is so clearly od, but hundreds k @sporition to ercape {rom what are hero regarded as th» | of miles distan’; on island represented ‘as th 4d by an impartial umpire were, which of the two | same. cementtrated in your remarks in reply to Lord Claren- r: s obvious stipulations of the treaty, the President woul: | the bay of Hondu nd the focus of the tr Powers the best title to the faland, there could be In reference to the “iteral meaning of the conven. | ¢on’s statement, a4 $0 supersetle furiie: discussion on the tones ecm ee Rave you avoid embarrassing the negotiation *y crginz | neighboring. e tr b isc nsiterably larger, ac- t little doubt, it ts conceived, what would de nisde | ijn,” which is certainly the main point, the Britich | subject. What’ elfect these remarks have produced on | Sin—i bave new the honor of transmitting to you ay quesiloveble s metier a5. right derived {rom the | suding to Captain. Benderséb,, than many of the Wart | Sree | oes es in ivnot be | statement cccupies but a few lines, and avolds any direct | the British government is not yet known. Ithey have re- | a cory of the note of Lerd Clarendon of the 23: and natural hag a c der of Belize. He Coes not, here- | lucia islacds iu culs'vation; and in its » treaty for the surr fore, instruct you to insist upon applying the = advantages not inferior to ‘aoy of them. This wou pa etween Creat Britsin ami } discussion of the lsnguage which it employs. Indeed, the eo | the United State sion does net depend upon the | construction f government of-the United tion's of the treaty to that territory; but you will r to make the dependency far more valuable than the iiity or uwaligity of the British thee but whe her f CoUrucut! {er ctbelentule comitiod. iniceeeee the British pretension to extend it to any pact of Central | pri-cipsl, and to graft an absolute sovereignty upoua | Great Dritain bas Yound herelf by treaty with the | gfter quoting the provisions of the article, and asserti-y Amerisa or beyond the limits fixed toi) in the Spent d may de proper to ob @ ve that the | United States not “to cconpy or fortify, er colonize, or | that it ‘clearly askn.wledges the porsibility ot Great Bei- treaty of 1786. You will also resist the British cependensies’’ in the British state. | assume or exereise any dominion” over Kuatan. Under | tain cr the Us ied states affording protection to Mosquito mon io regard that territory as one of her cole to be made from any part sf Mr. Clay- | there circumstances it was not the duty of the Uuited | or ary Central American State,” concedes that whilst It acquired no sovereign rights in Belize under ber ion is an in ct quotation. Hi language | States as is alleged. at the conclusion of the convention | was not the intention of the parties to prohibit or abolish, with Spain. Her treaty with Mexico ia 1926 only con- d dependen ivs,’? ‘y email! islands ia ‘he Hy contested the title of Great | it was their intention «to simit and restrict auch pro: tinned the limited right she had from Spain; ad the ‘ ze.” ‘Tris island is then clearly » . Such a courre coull only have | tectorate.” Let there be no dispute about words on 80 yery fact of treating with Mexico for the eyntinustion of jean idand a the aeighhorhood, not of | prCduced useless irrication. It was eniicient tor them | grave a question. How did the convention limit and re- ceived the ccnsideration due to them,I am sure they will | received by me on the 20th ultime, in oper the way to the peaceful adjustment of these em- | to my note Zr the 11th altimo on the Central atsert. bartarsing Cen’ral American que tiens. car question, ax well as a copy of my reply dated It fx not sirange that Lord Clarendon should manifest | cn the 4th instant. Lord Clarendon’s note is of such « seme reluctance to have the foundation of the British | character as might huve been anticipated after the con- protectorate over the Mosquitos explored; but the rights | yerration hetween his Lordship and myself on the 5th Glained uncer it seem necessarity to have exiled forthe | Apyil last, reported in my dispatch (No. 66) of the 7th examination which you have given to the subject. The | of that mcnth. This note has been received so mach result of that examina'ion tho vs that the Mosquito king | +coner than I had anticipated, tha: if IT were now in pos- dom, a6 a political state, is, in any view of it, what Lor | session cf my letter of recall 1 might return home om Polmers‘on acknowledged it to be, a mere fiction. Upo | the 6th Cctober, as I had originally determined, It is her usufruct of Belize was a clear acknovledgront that Cof the Sta‘e of Hon iaras; and in the language | know that Great Britain beirg in the occupation of it. | Strict the proteciorate? It tela " E of ‘the : ; dl ; tthe proteciorate? It does this, as before observed, | this acmitied ficticn Great Britain now attempts toestab | im rrever, 1 the sovercignty over it was in Mexien at that tine, j ton's sta’ement +0 toucd relied upon is om of | EO, Matter by what title, had agreed to wisidraw trom | Fy prohibiting toth parties from using “any protection | lshan extensive sovereign power over an extonsive ro teeth erives and fH ts AO While you wel abetaia from claiming the rurrender of he proper dependencies” of that Stare, and is there- | this cc.upation. which either affords’? for the purpose of occupying or ex ion in Central America; and when required by the | circumstances that I should remain here no longer tuan the possession of Belize, under the Clayton and Buiwer | fore embrace by the treaty. Tateed, it would be But “ Her Majesty’s government cannot admit thatan } erciring (ongnfen over the Mosynit ) coast. fs F he will resist the pretension of Great Britain to | little short of an sbsurot'y for Mr. Clayton to have @x- | el eration in the internal form of gove nment of these Sie ascat that porticn of the argumert arising out regard it asa colonial possession, with soverviga rights, | cepted, « sntendoi he ought to have done, feom | islends is a vielation of the treaty, ds a just | of the correspondence between Mr. Lawrence and {ord ‘pited States to withcraw from the exercise of this power L y. If, there: it re bes in ecmpliance with tbe atipulstions of the convention of | kadusdes vefore ihe gevival of this ceopaten, Iwate 1860, she endeavors to escape from her obligation todo | may ve sent by the next succeeding steamer, '* 9 8 '¢ 7 wo extend it beyond the limits designated in the urigi- | bis declaration sasluding only “the small islantain tha | cause cf remonstrance to the United $ Jare | Palwerston, and indeed in other parts of 1%, the Brilish | 0 by designating the dcminion she exercises as a prot nal grant—tbe Spanish treaties of 17 id 1786. i neighborhood” ot Pelize, the distant, large and valuable | the fects of the case? When the treaty was concluded ta’ement has treated the joint protection of the two tere . i . Leis sedis rOAMES BOCAANAN. In a commercial point ot view, the possession of Belize | island cf K And yet it ie alleged fron his omts- | Great Britain was simply in the occapa‘ion of Ruatan, | governments to the Nicaregua canal as though this were | _A protectorate necessarily implies the actual existenc Hon. Ws. L. Marcy, Secretary of Stare. ean now be of very litle advantage to Groat B that Great Britein was justified “ia | under the capture sade by Col. Macionald. She had es | ‘be prineiyal and almost the only feature of the conven. | of a sovereign authority In the protected power; but y Y and, politically considered, it must be an iacam + Ruatan as a pact of Belice | tablished no regular form of government over i's few in- | tion. The convention was not confined to a single route, | there is, in fact, no such authority; there can be mo LORD CLARENDON TO MR. BUCHAN unless she has unvivclosed objects in view. Her per- 0 be digputed.’ habitants, who, to ray the least, were of a very hetero- | but embraced all the routes, whether for railroads or ca: | protectorate. Tbe Mogquitos are a convenience to sus- The undersigned, ber Mr, aty’s principal <ecretary o tain Britien pretensions, but cannot be regarded as a | State for Foreign aflairs, h the fears ac nawied sov@re'gn State. lord Palmerston, as was evinced by hia [ the receipt of the note which Mr, Buchanan, Kuvoy Ex- remark to Mr. Rives, took this view of the political con- | traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United sistence in claiming a right to it would indicate on ser attach considers part a policy of retaining in her hands the means cf an- | importance to the fact, by is difficult to meying this coontry, and of interrupting its ia ersourse | that ‘ Mr. Buchanan in his statement oba with ‘© | geneous character. the bad then taken but tho first | rals throughout Central America, To employ ita own cai step, and this in the face of the ramonstrances of Hondu- | languege. it agreed to extend the protection of the tvo vos that Raw | rae, towards the epprop: tation of the Island. scondls | governments by treaty stipulations to any other prac- its possessions on the Pacific. tan was occupied io 1850 by Great Britain.” It was forthe | could have been snticipated by the United Siates in re- | ticable ccmmunications, whether by cinal or railroad | dition of the Morquilos, and it is #0 obviously correct Statee, eddiesred to him on the 11th fostant, stating that Ifitis her sincere desire to maintain peaceful rela- | very reason that not only Ruatan bat aearly the whole | gard to thia ieland. No doubt .eow'd have teen en acrovs the Isthmus which connects North and Souw'h | that the British goverwment should not be surprised if | be bed teen directed by the President, before retiri tions with the United States, sue would be realy fur | castern coast 1 America was ocenpled by Great ed but that Great Britain would promptly America, and expecially to the inter-oceanic communi. | the United State considered the subject in the same | {10m his mission, to request from the British governmea the accomplithmen: of such an important object to re- ‘ain, that the government of the United States w .w from r the conclusion of the treaty. Her re- | eations, should the same prove to be practicable, whether | Nght. «# statement of the poriticns which it has determined to tire from 0 useless a possession. An attempt on the part of Great Britain to extend | with Pelize so as to include any part of Central America, will quiring hor to | laticn tower t wae for this considera! It was the contident belief of the United States that | maintain in regard to the Bay Islands, to the territory this fiction of a Moryni o higdom had been disposed of | between the Sibrun and the Sarstroon, as well aa the hy the convention, but wry much to their surprise it is | Br lize settlement, and to the Mosquito ProtectorateAand tnatan a* this time was merely that of a | by earel or railway, wbich are now proposed to be eatab- simile ocaupant. From this secupancy i: wasensy to re- | lished by way of Tehauntepec or Panama.’ Over all tire, aud the islend would then have vaturelly reverted | rveh routes Great Briain and the United States have thi+ occupation. ed States as an atap be repnoiating an express stipulation of the treaty of | withdrawal, bound themselves never to occupy aay por- | to Honduras, Ins'ead, however, of taking one step back- | bound themselves to cast the «gis of their ed t i is of a British a ing f r at H Ay 5 ) ha ) 0 8 back~ 0 nemse gis protection, | vow resorted to ae the baris of a British dominion over | setting forth the conclusions at which the Vresident has the 15th of April, 1850. tion of Central An Bat for tole agveament to with- | ward, the government of Great Britain hae since | not for their own exclusive benefit, but for that | an extensive region of C@ntral America, arrived upon the whole case; namely, thet it waa the in- I cannot believe that the British government intends | d:aw, the United 4, in eeledele would hove boea | taken a stride forward, and has proceeded to es‘ablieh a | of #)! the commercial naticns of the earth. I: was to Acmitting that the convention did not require the ab. | tention cf ihe convention of the 19th of April, 1850, to to hold the posilion that the Bay filands are an appen- | eompeiled toacceptcoseionsof territory i» Cental America, | regular colonial government over it. But rhis is not all. | svold all jealousies between themselves, as well as those | solute renuncia'ion of the Mosquito proctorate. it im- | exclude both the contracting parties from holding or oc- to Belize. Should this be so, and she portin Ty maintains it, there will be very little hope left neces of your negotiation in regard to Central Amartca, | the because without aueb territory Gre would here | They bave not confined theroselyes to Ruwtan wione, but | that might arire ogainst either or both on the part of been left in a porition a solutely te command not only | have embraced within their colony five other Central | other maticns, that they agreed not mere'y that nei‘her tod canal by the Lake Nicaragua, bat all ot! Arwerican islands off the const of the State of Honduras, | of them would erect fortifications on the single route of You have command of fucts enough to drive her from | canals and railroads which may b> constricted theough- | One of these, Bonaca, says Bonnycastle, is an islaad | ‘befan Juan, or in its neighbourhood, but also that thie position, unless there is cetermination to hold it | out ey part of the Jr iu The coven'ion was there- | about sixty miles in circumference, a neither would directly or by virtue of any prot against the clearest evideu d the strongest ar- | fore not confined to this viagle routo, bat exte Le the first island which Colambus discov or alliance ‘occupy or fortity or eclonize or a gamente. E id to any other prec fi fourth voyage. It was not known, however, in the | exeicise apy domirion ever Nicaragua, C Ruaten can only be desirable to Great Britain as a by canel or railway the Tethmus, whisd | United Staion that the Britfsh goverment lal over | Morcuito ecast, or nny part of Centra’ Are paval and military :fation, and for that purpowe only, av | connects No th and South Anerieas? Rath parties wera | made alvin 10 any of there five Central Americ: cdg | emt this Jatter pr op the jormer would have been ‘ previous to the proclamation annouscing their coluuiza | wuin, pored, as is admitted, restrictions upon it. After tie | cupyirg, as well as from acquiring territorial pos: esctong corelusion of that treaty, it could not be used for the | in Cenira! America, and that consequently Great Britaur purpore of oceupying, fertifying or colonizing any part of | f# yound to wittdraw from the possession she now hold Central America, or for the purpose of astamicg or ex. | of Ruatan and other Conteal American Tlands 0 a eretsing Cominion over the rame. coast of the State of Honduras, as well from the der. Great Britain will rot, I think, contend that it has | tery im Central Americe, between the Sibrun and the been thue practically restricted since the ratification of | “erstsoon; that the porsersion of the British government the eenvention of 1850. There ty ne vis'ble power, civil | at the Belize should be re trie*ed to the limits aud odjosta yuilitery, in the Mosquite territory but that whieh is | #;eciCed in the treaties between G) Britis aod spvin, exercived ty Brvtith tur jects of Lil and 1)86; avd that the protectorate of tne so~ 40 would give ber great taeiil'ty io electing jnja Wy , to stead otoy!, and peather m Wee to Ovenpy