The New York Herald Newspaper, December 24, 1855, Page 3

Absurditics, Anomaiies, an@ Inconveutvaces of our Postal System, TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. You have given in your columns a most fair state ment and resumé of my little work on Postal Re form, but there are some materiui facts connected with the working of our postal system that I had aot the room to explain fully in my pamphlet In fact, there are some gross absurdities and inconveniences in our rates ot postage on printed matter, that I was scarcely aware of when I put my work to press. I have just made our rates of postage on books and papers a careful study for several days, and by se- vere attention and several visits to the Post Office, during which I took voluminous notes, I believe I have nearly mastered the subject. I say nearly, for one should not be too sanguine in a matier so uncertain and abstruse as this. Still, if 1 am wrong I am confident that Mr. Thomas Clark, the able manager of the newspaper department in our Post Office— through whose intelligence, patience and politeness I obtained the information—will not only forgive ‘me, bat set me right. And, before I proceed further in this long introduction, I wish to say that I do not believe that one person in forty who habitually reads your paper—and they oughtto be a fair sample of the intelligence of the country—can tell our rates of postage on printed matter, or that one-half of the Postmasters and clerks in the Post Offices in the United States can tell them without referring to the law. This is not in consequence of any carelessness, inattention, or obtuseness of intellect, but from the Tidiculons complication and absurdity of the rates themeelves. I stated in “ Postal Reform” that, tak- ing all sizes of books, from small volumes to ordinary Octavos, we had over fifty rates of book postage. So far from that reaching the case, we have more than ten times fifty rates. Monthly and quarterly peri- odicals, you are aware, generally weigh somewhere from one to sixteen ounces. Taking, then, sixteen copics of books, pamphlets and periodicals, weigh- ing respectively from one ounce to sixteen, the rates of postage on them, severally and individu- ally, under the various circumstances of their size, form, periods of publication, quality or sort of ma- terial in their contemts, distance they are sent, and time of paying their postage, are given in the follow- ing table. The figuresin the first column, it will be observed, give the weight in ounces, and by golug through the horizontul line the various rates of post- Age on each copy will be seen:— RATES OF POSTAGE, ON PRINTED MATTER. NSIEST MATTER. Books, Bound or Untound. = a ibe Minos act JVot wer 3,000 Over 3,000 miles. miles. Perioli als. Se Poid. Unpard. Paid, Unpati, Paid, Unpaid ae 1 2 8 1 2 r & 4 6 1 3 45 6 9 L 2 6 8 uw 2 4 1% 10 i 3 6 9 12 18 4 8 10% 14 21 5 10 12 16 “ 6 12 13% 18 at 7 uw 16 20 30 8 16 16K 22 33 9 18 18 24 36 10 20 19g 26 49 u 22 2h 28 42 2 Drs 22% 20 45 13 26 2 82 48 4 2B Prropicas. PunticaTions TAKBN ReGuLaRty. Without Advertisements. With Advertisements, Pantieeemiatnaisihs aon, No. Year, ie ie ais 1 2 88 43 3 60 2 432 2 5 08 3 576 3: 6 48 tbs Ht be: 38 e. 10 08 %.- 10 80 . 1 6 ‘There, sir, barring mistakes, this is the delectable list; that is, of the postage rates on packages of printed matter that are within the weight of a pound. You would suppose that this was complete, end—if I have made no mistakee—if printed and bung up in the post effices, would be a guide for the clerksin computing or rather finding the rates of print all the rates, even ap to sixteen ounces, so I only give the principal ones. For instance, the first three columns of rates on “periodical publications taken regularly”—the number, quarter and year— Must all be double the cums given when not paid quarterly or yearly in advance. Then there are other rates in cases of some sorta of transient mat- ter—but wait till I consult my copy of the law, for ii Dave torgotton...Heve thie, snd Iwill net Mar the fair proportions of the act itself by arr attempt at condensation:—“ Provided, emall newspapers and periodicals pub. Ushed monthly or oftener, and pamphlets, not containing more than sixteen octavo each whensent in single packages, weigh! eight ounces, to one address, and pre, jug stamps thereto, shall be «| id by allix. done half of a cent for each ounce, or fraction of an ounce, not- pe al | the postage c.lculated on each se- parate article of such package would exceed that amount.” There, sir, 1 hope you understand it. Then the above table gives a portion of the-principal rates of postage on printed kages that weizh not over one pound. Provided always—and thee is much virtue in your if—that ‘is provided they come ander the no other rates! Here are sixteen hori- zontal lines and twelve perpendicular columns, showing by the single package, the snares and year, 12 rates of postage, withont gettiug mach a ve the size of an ordinary magazine. And look at its operation, so far a8 the convenience of the public, and the labor and trouble of the Post 0 five . clerks are concerned. We will suppose that | have twelv kages to send off by mail, and they are all of same weight—just e ounces. We will say that four of the packages consist each of ove singie copy of Putnam's or Harper's Magazine, four of them have each one copy my pamphiet on form, aud the other four are each made up hewspapers or periodicals, published oftener,” or“ pamphlets not containi octavo pages cach.” Now, let wish to pre-pay one half of these, without pre-payiug, and that ‘ornia, and the SEvEES cn 4 uel #3 iF 5 H s af BE z iy ERESE ite g i A Es i a 7 ii % i 1 A Es Hi i i : — ee Paid. Unpaid, with more interrogatories. “ may read.” But I fear t “ road’ “ understand;” i. ¢., why we have such rates of post- last columns in that moa- One word as to rout table given above—the postage oa periodi- NeW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, DECEMBER. 24, 1855, cals that piint advertisements You are aware that our Postmaster General has decided that \¢ of magazines or periodicals have the s#- city to eke out their arabe by putting ad- vertixements into their publications, they shull Le charged Ictter posta, What right bas Putnam to ammounce to the ina fly leaf of his maga zive that the Buncombe Eeqrag ts about to be re- sumed by that distinguished poet and critic, K N. Pepper, Eq? Why should Littelt & Co., have the in crtinence to priut an advertisement of the Bus ton Fort or the American A/manac on an extra leit of the Living Age, and pocket five dollars for it, witLout arking the consent of the Postmaster Gene- ralt Of course it is absurd to thiuk they should be permitted to do it on any conditions! Bat don’t ‘ou think there should bea severe penalty—say a e of thousand dollars and seven or nino yeurs imprisoument—in addition to a omnis cuticn of the property that is thas ruth- Jesrly attempted to be scattered over the land thot gh the inails? A special actof Congress, would roon bring these fellows that print adverti-emeuts to their senses, One simple question allow me to ark: How could any sane man out of the Rmun Inquisition, ever invagine that the makers of tie postal law, fixing the rates of postage on monthly publications could intend that there should be any distinctions on periodicals that contain advertise- mente and those that do not, exept in the one es- seut al consideration of weight? Why should not the publishers of Harper's and Putnam's Magazine have the same privilege of printing advertise- ments and circulating them the numbers of their periodicels just as mnch as you shoud to print them in the New York Hurato? I won't insult your readers by looking at the subiect further. We are all concerned in the Jaw and its ad ministration, and I intend both shall have full notice and dissection. tee the fearful ta Nag figures in that table near the bead of this arti Now the rates that I would propoee are such as are on those immu- table principles of justice and convenience that have made Rowland Hill's En, system the best in the world: a uniformity seme. As fur varyin; the rates according to 80 long ae the mail go all over a country,no man with a particle of common eense could ever conterd for such a course, after seeing the facts of the case, however | the country maybe. Then, on printed matter it becomes simply @ discrimination or distinction based on weight aud bulk, or rather on weight. There is no reason why there should be a separate rate of charge tor every ounce a parcel may weigh, any more than there should be for every pennyweight or every grain. Expreas companies charge just the rane forall parcels, from one ounce up to five or aix pounds. Now, the large volume of the Census Re- rort weighs eight pounds aud @ quarter; Webster's inabetal ged Dictionary, six pounds and a half; Lizpinccitt's Gazetecr, six Is Bix Ounces; Ben- ton's Thirty Years’ View,” three pounds and a quarter, and ordin; duodecimos from twelve to eighteen ounces. low, if we take books of all sizes up to six pounds and a half—104 ounces—with ene postage or distances less than 3,000 miles, and double that when over 3,000 miles, and in each case Bifty per cent additioval when not prepaid—the exact rates according to the present law—we shall have 416 rates of book post- ege! It periedicals varied in weight, avd went up to the same size, there would be just as many rates ov pericdical publications, Then if the printers of there pericdicals had the audacity to print two pages of advertisements in some of them, there would Le halfas many wore rates. Then, in the case of small vewspapers or pamphlets not haviag more then sixteen octavo pages—deducting four times cight for the first eight ounces, or thirty-two rates there will be the same number of rates again. Here, then, are the various rates on packages of pri ted matter, going from one ounce to six pounds end w bulf :-— Borks, beund or unbound, Fericcionl publicstions. « “ with’ acvertisewents, . mall newspapers and pamphlets......-.. Total rates of powtage........ es. cess eeeesere GMb fo we have only 1,424 rates of Lh be printed netter— that is, including books the of “Web- ster'« Dictionary.” But of this 1am not sure, for there may be exceptions, ae decisions, that will ‘tly increase thig number. Our postal au- thorities might, perhaps, tell you that the | vides that only ‘books, bound or uni 5 weighing over four pounds, shall be deemed able matter.” But thia will hardly relieve them, for members of Congress, and government itself, send the census volume, and asters and clerks tell me that nothing in the of a book is re fused at be ne office, ly if prepaid, without tothe weight. Sothstno one can Sony the 1,424 rates of , without declaring that certain sized packages—! than six and a balf and over four have an em- bargo put on them altogether! “Just which you nds; we, in tthe diseriat ‘of 1,424 rates. Generals is t pose for printed hg printed, without any regard wo the |, wi aD} ject or intention:— " PROPOSED POSTAGE BATES. Monthly periodi- cals, taken requ. repaid. 1. Quarter. % Package not over 4 sis é i conor Package over 4 and 4 8 6 “ 16 12 4g Teckage over 8 and Rot over 16 ozs,, 9 Here they are. Are not these rates an improvement on that awful phalanx of figures near the head of this urticle? Really | hope some oue will propose an improvement on these. These rates, I am very positive, are a great improvement on those that we now bave. Ask any ‘tmaster. Let common rense dec After getting above cight ounces, why need there be any variation of rates, except to add four cents (on prepaid rates) for each half |e fragment of a half pound? This is tne cnglish practice. Though these rates are not the rome as the ae rates, they are on the same principle. Py the English postal law, printed mail mutter in es all books, bound or unbound, wheth- cr printed er written; all that have corrections or mwerginal notes with a pen; all covers, wooden roll- er—in the cae of maps or prints’ or auything cise necessary for their protection — and every article of stationery, without discrimination. Js not this a long, long march ahead of oar fearful and ridiculous postal scheme? It will be seen that the rates on regular periodicals, where the postage is paid quarterly or yearly, ix just one-half what it is on transient matter. If we had a uniform port ige for letters, of just two cents, aud postage stamps of the devomination of two, four, eight and twenty- four cents, how convenient it would be to prepay everything! Then, what wore jnst and convenient thau to bave it a fixed principle to charge every- thing double that is not prepaid? No one could complain that we had no rate of postage for any thing less than two cents Newspa weigh- in than two ounces, almost invariably, two as well a6 one Kieren gad ape be sent in one package, for two cents. beauty of such a acheme of rates is that not one package in four would have The rates of matter would mean ev. subjects, to be hed at all, but the jokey gi (near enough to decide evar hee be instantly. For newspepers, I w ve the following rates: — renin Per war. Per quarter, Semi-weekly ty Tri-weebly........ ‘Six times a week Let newspapers, in the county w! sot ogg % now, but be; ‘4 tinction. ¢ above Ly , Sad otecs Sa peoporaee A Sranwix Hat Avram mm Provivence—Omr Wan Shot Leap “axD ANOTHER VERY SRKIOUBLY STannmD — A wertling and most dingracefal affray occurred in our city last evening, the murderous details of which will al- owt rival the notcrious Poole and Baker affair which cavum d so great a sensation in New York. Tre facts as bear an we cas learn ere these: About 9 o'clock a so%- bully mamed W liam Edwards, alias “Dead-Fye,” the of @ honse of ill fame in the north part of the city, and gambileg saloon for the purpose drinking beeper Wiliam Cotton, wentMebfod the ber ant pe tae hd etabted him in th shoulder fetal Ma speedily on reat oft” the partied eoncerne|, and lotges watch bouse. ond he was then taken in The col! weather of inst week olosed the navigation of the Counectient river for the stanon, Oar Albany Correspondence. have been induced to try thew, but they have, in aim st Aunast, Deo 18, 1855, every vstauce, been abandoned, and tue purest an! hex! Canal Aypotntmente—Great Ancicty of the Office Secure | oii® permanently extablicbod {a pubie favor. A larg: Anow Nething Solidarity—D ticate Dutes of the New Eoard—A Poittical Move in the Country. ‘There ts couriaeradic excitement pore among tho ad- berevts of the incoming State a miuistra io reget to the aprointments to ve made by the Cans! Board; and tue office seekers and their filends, as usual, talk ondly and threcten boldly in cass of defeat—s> loudiy and ao bolaly, in iact, that mesy persons preteod w believe ih st the issuing of the newer of cceasful oandigates wiil be the signal fur ® general outburst. But they are mis- taben—tbe adnerive power uf the Presiden ial elecd on. in proepec'tve will bold tho Know Nothings together for apother year. 1bo men whonspire to canal sollectorsnips thi yor, and are 4i appolated, will remember thay there wile few vacunt federal offi-es in 1867, and will re- wap tree 10 Sam end pelt, ‘Tue geotlemen whe ere to take charge of tha Siate of- fices op the Gist of nex) month end was will have a good workieg mw jority in the Canal toard, are calied upya ty Glechurge = Very delicate and arduons daty ia msking their stleet pO sub rdinate othicers. Lheir electton ix 8 waked sebuke of the recksess -oltcy p irrued by Woed ACO, Mtber management of the puoue works, aud 1a tort: distrebui not t ‘The people ex new State officers to reform the abuses that bave #o long prevatied, and to place th» canals fo the hausis of meu capable of’ peopsrly discharg ing the various duties dnpoed apon them. Prooabl Merrrs, Hendley, Cushing, ymour, and thoir associatos will understand the necessity of meetiog ‘he pura: ox peciation in this matwr, but they will need no ordiaary degree of firmness, Alredy mon are bu-tly at work on deuvoring to control thei: action, fravelling agente fo court pir an lemon hbsve me the pier aa rth of he Sta‘e, procuring the prsage throug: the Kuow Nothing Counctts of resolutions intended to clore the Auditorsh{p against such men as Ruggies ant Peuton, ond to make way for some Young America stamp epeeker. ‘The Auditorship is » very importaut office, and shouid be in the hands of & man of experieuce juignont and de\ermination, ‘the resolutions T al'ude to have been passed by Counciia in K chester, Buffalo, Syracuse and other places; but they should have no weigat whatever wLb the State officers elect. Weekly Report of Deaths um the city and couaty of New York, from the 15th day of December to the of ber, 1855. Men, 67; women, 07; Dope, 108; grin, —Tota,, 320 Adults, 1 ren, malen, 173; females, 166; colored pernons, % Albominaris and Bright's dlreare of hic neye.. Aveuri-m. of the aor Fever, typhold 2 Fever, typhus Fracti i Cancer of the wtemmeh sec... Cancer of the reetu Cancer of the womb CaterBeceee cee BXGK Casunlty, by bursting of inflammation of brain... leflammation of heart... 1 2 4 10 1 5 1 ver and $ Iofamma't o of liver .., 1 1 1 1 6 8 intiammation of tanga. tnthantmation of stomach, Tnflaamati a of throat, Inflammation of w anb Tuundiee...... oe Liver, disease of, Lies Vener Cholera tnfentum, Compre tiem of the br (fall) sesso Congertion of the eee errr + Murase «3 Monat Vd ay Palsy Prouri-y Prema "ess Rheumat. ia or react Rap u @, vf Langs (1) Serotola ... si mpy in the hend Ire py ip the bear rowned, Lyseviery Fplurgement of the k pte Sao Eryripelas . Fiyripelas of the J ever, nevvour, Fever, puervorai.- Fever, rev ittent Fover, scariet. Siletde, by whoo ing. Cice ation of the b swels, Caxnowa to the jucy Variold.secessseveree 4 wane BD Sulttorw ‘and piowatare ~Cf which 10 were from violent causes. = BES om SSsssss Sess Y woek EES E z BE Gia ae Lylog in Asylum. taeda Ser fi. 3 ed Home Heapi’al. Colored Orph Asylum... ‘ “18 Yotal THOMAS K. DOWNING, City Inepestor’s ffice, New Yori, L re eenenenamenemmnenes FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. MOY MARKET. Seypay, Deo 28h ML The money market during the past week has boon gredua'ly, but steadily, growing easier. On call, monoy is portioularly abundant, aud the banks are aroand on ong the brosers, with money io large cums ¢) ben la het way Up time |he raver are highec, and it ia more ciffieult to make negotiations, Notwithstaudiag thir state of things, quotations for atecks appear to be set tling down. Thers is evidently no dixpositton on the sart of outsiders to enter the stock market. They have -ubtless in view an carly and sctlye openirg of the spring trade, end they have no doubt determined to hare their means well in hard, to be made available any m> ment, In this they are wise, There are indications at present that a larger and more prosperous busiuers will be done during the approaching spring than wo have kown jor years, and the probabtsity is that capital will be im demand for legitimate mercantile purposes. In this event many stocks which are now held fr dividends aad were purchased for permanent investment, may oome upem the market. The country at iarge never was richer than at this momeat, Tho agricultural classes have reaped harvests and realized prices sach as woro sever bere dreamed of, and the consumption of all the necersaries and most of the luxuries of life will pro- babty be greater du ing the year 1856 than ever before. In view of the profitable business that awalts every class of the communtiy, speculation in the stock market will to left to those who have adopted it aa a profession. It ia only the absence of business and employment in oher Gepartments that induces outsiders to ontor the ares ct fancy stock speculation. It is gomeraily after a prosperous season's business among traders and others, that the stock markot beeomes infisted, and not before; and we must not, therefore, look for an ac'ive apward mewment in prices until the spring trade has been dls pored of, apd those engaged In counting up ther prods find themeetves able to take a fiyer or two in the fancies. After & tearon of succesful trede, the merchants fee! tieb, and in the absence of other excitements frequently gt into the street and temporerily employ their surpins capital in the purchase of stocks, with the expectation o realizing an advance before thelr money will be re juiro! ip they legitimate lines of business. Thon we may look for an inflation ond an important speculation; bat tha Period is some months benco, and im the meanime dul. ners will reign in Wall street and the brokers be com. polled to carry the loada of stocks as they beat can. ‘The Manhattan Oil Company bas declared « semi spnvel dividend of three per cent on its capital stock, and also an edditional aividend of three per cent on that portion cesominated preferred s'ock, out of the profite of the lest six montha, peyable on and after the Ist of Janu- ary. This makes the tu'l dividend for the six months ait per cent om the preferred and three yer cent on the evm mon stock of tbe company. Wren It {1 recollected that this fe for the first six months of this company’s opors- tions, the produc'iveness of its basiorss will be realized The oli manufactured by this oompany te preferred to all others for burning aud lubdesting purpwer. It being entirely free from all Laapuritios in ite appiicstion to ma chinery, eaves ne gammy or deleterious matter behint Otls for mechanics! purposes have been manufactured fromm a sorts of material, and (he original cost has boom 09 wall thet in many instances engineers aud others fixe recently ocurred in an extensive machine y shop, tr m the heating uf journals, ceusea. uudoubted y by the use of laprcating oil of impure qua ty, Tats shows the importance of using the very best ar oe at 10 market. The Manhs ten O11 Company beve an norm + ond rapidly wereas ng consumption of its ms ufact re, which is the bert evidence n the word of ts eaperturity. It ix solo, believe, for about ba'f tho price of the purest sperm, and ‘6 said to be equal in every respi o!. ‘The anthract*o com) trade is now reduced to the bast* noes dene by wey of the Reacing “vilrond. The Schuyl kil) pavigation ts new clored. The ‘ovnage of the Last week, ending on the 20h, was 1,007, ma: ing the tanege for the year 1 105,263 tons, sgrinet 907,264 tons to the same time inst year. ‘The excess is 197,909 tous or near ly £0 yer cent Increase om the business of las; yoar. Ta- dependent of tbe increase in the amount of tonosge the , brices real xed per tow have also been materially betvor, The Navigation Company is ia better condition han at any before in may years. It ia a movle eaterpriae, and we tj ie@ at the prosperity olfeewed through tts prereat pruceut management. The Reading Ral'roa Company show a ‘opnage for the week encing on thara- day last, of 27,0:7 tons making the tonnage from the Lat in . 87,271 tona, against 73,560 tons to the reno tine last year. Interest om tho Coiifornta seven por cent civil fund bon #, due on the Ist of Januery, will be paid at tae Ftate agent's office, No, 81 Brosdwa y. ‘The Bavk of the Repusle aus received the money from the State of Virgiats, for the payment of the interest on the debt of that State duo Jaguary 1, The amount due abroad was remitted some time ago. Albert H. Nicolay's regular semi weckly suction salo of stocks and bonds will tare piace om Mouday uext, the ‘24th inat., at 1234 o'clock, at the Merchauta’ Exchange: ‘The value of merchandixe oxported from this port du- ring the weok ending and including Friday, Decom er BBE, MM aa a scans. van scabinase $1,981,291 General merchandise impo ted in sarce Dry gouda bo G6 a0 416 2,070,640 pov enee sense 142 108 Excoas of importa over exports... Ty will be seen that during the past week there were no shipments of specie from this port. Of the exports, breadstufls form the bulk of the total va aud ship. monts were made to nearly every port with which we trade, To Have alone, upwards of %300,000 of brewd- stuffs were exported. Of the imports, the principsl items were— coffee, $155,307; brandy, $43,205; undressed sking 960,264; bardwaro, 844, ; from, $60 208; steet $59,185; ppeltor, $58,104, spleen, $49.077; sugar, $96,040; toa, $36,097, These a ticks form snout one-half of the total importations of general merchandue. ‘The fuliowing le » comparative statement of the value articles exported from the eommoncoment of to Lec. 20;— 028, Liz 445 + 2,412,499 ial + BA1,66,719 84,040,041 Not 1vereass tu’ Des. 20, 1369,, The annexed official statement from partment exhibits the value (f me chasdie aud pallion isoporied iuto and expor ed from ports of the United Blatos,dor ing "he quarter ending Sept. 30, 18 5: = Commack or Tae Usirep SraTes—Vaiur oF bironrs axp Specle..... Tree otber Lutablo, Total $468,127 $13 $11 120,903 8U,707 41,468,678 284 Dutiable do, 4,199 013 im Total.......++. $0,008,807 896,190,442 800 590,200 Tho abcve quarter was the dullest exporting perlod of the year, while it was an active importing po:iot, as tt comprised the tae wien goods for the fall trade aro on- tured. Our new crops never go fo-ward much until after the 20th of September, hence the difference betwoen im- Porta and exports ext ibited acove. Tho annus! report of the New York Central Rallroad Company, presented to the stockholders on the 12th inst. and sioco published in pamphlet form, although In its outside seeming fiir and favorable, as such hearer usnally are, reveals facts of a somewhat remarkel character. While it shows undeniably that the groxs reeelpts of the road aro very large, and annually facreas- ng, it fails to convince us that the profits are not deciin- ing. We find that between the date of consolidation and the 20th September last—a period of twenty-nine months —the gross recelpts have been $14,458,606, while tho ex- pensen, intrest, and cight per cout dividend: am suat to $14,200,352, leaving only the emai! balenco of $268,213. Evan if wo corcode, for arguinent sake, that thls isan henest oxhibit, with nothing concealed or milsrop- re@ftted, the above balance Is a specimen of very close shaving. Indesd, we know ot no other case of the kind 1n whieh a largo and reepoetablo com pAry, corfeswedly doing an enormous busiacss, salle #0 close to the wind as bo.ween its recedpta aad its expendi tures. It is, in fact, less than three fourths of one por cent on the capital; and ‘his ater more than two yours’ of remarkably prosperous business, in which the com pany heve contsived to swell thei gronm receipts largely from year to year, ‘The receipts of last your exceeded thore of the year preseding by $1,190,814, aud those ot the provont year aro $645,246 in advance of the recsipts it to be epects ly observed that thile great 64 effects no Increase of divi seeds, au) the of last year. incrense of bari which remain at 8 per cent. Tre dircetore fail to tock holders why thin is 40, or what advsuteg: in mogmented reeoipta, jod by no increa rem! annnal div of tour ever since consolidation, We per cont bave bee paid mast suppose that the company hed, at the time of each divideod, nearly the feme amount of surplus they now report, If inteod they have bad a surplus at apy time; and im the past two cave they repert an increase of gross ets as cot D od with the your proceting of $1,775,000, while their 4 showing precluces the idea of any increase in the net receipts. Thiv state of fucte, although apparently & purzic, is coafly explained. Of the above men‘ion ed increase (81,770,000), nearly the whole ($1,604,090) has teen fiom freight, and we the autborl'y of the present capable State Englncer, (Hn. Jobn T, Clard) in his last report to the Legulature on the tail-oods of the State, for stating that the {ncome of the Central road from @ large portion of thls branch of their business, was not suflicient to cover “Interest and expenses)’ fn other words, that freight in carried ata lous. That officer pronounce rallroad eports lo regard to the cont of carrying freight “fallacious.” The increase from passenger buslcosa during the past year has Leon mo more than $90,715, andin the last two moutha («tober and November) there has actually been a falling off of 5 ‘U4 an compered with the corresponding period of 1854. The cxbibit made by the directors is poor eacugh, when carefully examined, yet we are by no means propared to & that even this picture ia not too favorable. We belleve ie trath to be far worse. We cannot avoid the conclarior, from the premises furnished, that the dividends and the current expenses for operating ‘ho road and for repairs bave been drawn, to the extent of $1,000,000 at leas’, from the construction fund—that the company has, in fact, bren livir g on its capital. There is no room to doubt the correctness of the State Hugiueer's report ia re- spect to the unproductivenes of freight busines, and both that officer and ether engineers, of eq nal suthori- ty, eatimate the actual depreciation of property on the New York Contrel aa bigh a+ half a million annually, @ or and above the amount allowe! io the report for re. pire, Whenee comes the money rejulred to keep the road good, to make current repairs, and wo psy fividenta, current @upenses, Bei The construction acovant has in- creased in twenty-nine months the enormous wum of 95,742,008, What has become of thi cum? What can the oompeny show for it! Has svt the constraction @ count been largely increased fur \ilngitimate purposeat Have not the compamy diverted st least $1,000,000 of itto pey dividends, Me.’ Mf no', wil they chow what they beve dome with (x7 It will be seen by the following correspondence thet Corneliag Vanderblit, Faq , has been appointed « dirsetor of the Miearegua Transit Company, to 1 the vacancy made by the rerignation of Charice Morgaa, Exj. We trust that in the appolntanent of an agent im place of Mr. Morgas, resigned, the company will 0 away entirely with the commlaston prinet ple. aot employ wae active, energetic man, ata liberal mlary—one who etl be per feetly competent to adtainiave oll the aflaire of the agency ln e prompt aad satiate (0°) manner. New Yous, Dee. 98, 1856, C. Vasemmanenr, Req Lose 1 beve the pleasure ‘> inform yon thet ate meeting of the direstore of this company, hott thie day the following “rsclation was wnaniswusly adoyte! — Hescived, That ©, Vamdervilt, key. be, amd werwioy to have ® 8 director in this compary, te @'1 the won by de resignation of Cha'les Mogan, Beg, Very seaprettully, yours, Be, | teadd Gea Soore'ary. New Yous, Deo, 22, 1855. Tearo ©, Lua, Exq,, Seoretary:— 1¥AR rin—] have received your fawor of this date, ad. coling of the dir-oturs of the Ag Cormery Tranett Company beld this day 1 vad beow Appointed 10 6) the vaouney im the sioued hy the erignation of Charles Mt hove to sayethat belief ast i i the *tockb I Our company Tt iv my wish tha a asain ot a be casied at an early day; mud if i more asceptanky to them ha: sume ot! rhould take my place, [abel insist upon w Tom youre, very respectfully, ©. VANDERBIL, We bave had rome'hing to pay lately relative to management, or rather the miananagemeat, of the Nica Yegva Trausit Company, and se have shown the most erin inal neg ect, to gy the least, on the part of the d'- rectors, of the real interests of the stockholders, The fineresl statement put forth a few wooks stace, giving be aggregate of the company's operations from July 1, 1864, tw Vetober 6, 186%, bus been severely c'itisived by steckholdere, aud the managemen’ generally con demned. It is imponsivie to rea ize the ex'ent of the ignorance, or something worse, that characterizes che | admicistyation of the Travait Company's affairs, without | going back and closely exaataing the previous financial report that was mace for the six mouths ending July |, 1854. 11 will them be necensary to cvmmence where that roport leaves off, and foilow the operations since, to ve what enormous sums bave been absorbed somewhere among the wanusgers:— Nicanacva Trarser Company, J Joly 1, 1864—Jotal net eaarings of from January 1 Pald bouds of the sompavy seued in psyment of #teaine hip Cortes, and in'#res’ thereoa $119,137 Poia tor threo pow tren steamboats @r the Inthmur, viz. the Charles Morgen, Tsaae ©. Lea, and Joseph Ogden ..... 06... 6.45 81,017 Paid premium notes for insurance on team OBEY oo sececeees epee se s+ + 20,078 28 Aba acceptances and bills run ping Jan. 1, BOK. cee see 0,081 TT 0 00 Lene cash on hand Jan, 1, 1854, 083 00 — 44 80T Paid expenses on Transit ronte over receipts. 94,519 Paid for countruction of steamboat Josep N. Soott,, wee we Traneit reed, » Dard Vil of the we ol Webster voy- age Jom. 22, 1854, over net receipts fram 00 hares of the capital «ack of this compar ve it $70,315 Rewitted to © "Kk Carrion, agent for coilec- Ivetion, sund:y orders for pasenge 408 Paid for evolvers? pia Avene, nt of the aoa trom te ¢ retarn premium to be paid out of the nseol of anid com 4,100 Paid © W. Th ‘ Jost on tr John E. Body & Co., ble under their cent at ————W 5,096 | Cash on bard, on tea, (secured by stocks.) ant In the bands of the ageuts of the evmoany,, 169,909 The property ot the A the Ist of Jann: frovehive st, : .- It b now estimated as fullows:— Seven +eean steamers, in as goo) condition as on Vat JBL OOTY inet, COM, oes cess ecee cree ee es ¥ 1,600 000 Twolve lake and river stewners, fourot ‘hem new 310,000 Hood from Virgin Bay to San Juan del Sar,,.... 162000 Depots, landings, we: tone, shops and mas chinery... .. s. 69,000 Stores and sapp fos on hand, aud balsoces (a the hones of ag: nts on the Isthmns, ° . Coal ov Pana inthe Poeific and on the way there 220,000 5,000 #sares of the cepital stock of the company, COB eee eee eceeceses 109,600 Insurance ncrip. ha *6,060 ‘00 Due from General Matual Insurance Cash in bank, lent upon stocks, and i of ogevts of the company, at baa Francisco and Now Orleans... scsseesesersee cere ces ory Tani: Company waa ou ted tmotuetve of the + 92,200,566 . 1864, estin ‘The Company oe To the Stato of Nicaragua, nvt exeseding..... Acceptances, insurance notes on chip eoai, es., and billte for pundder, WO... veeecee cece THOS. LORD, Vico Prestieat. New Youx, July 1, 1854. Tt will be seen that the above report distinctly tae) that the cash on band, on Joan and in the hands of the agents of the company on the Ist of July, 1864, amounted to $259,209. That was the balance of receipts ansc- counted for, and it was reported om hand, a stated Aineng the purchasox in that six months out of the company’s net earnings, was 2,900 shares of Transit ttock, making, according the table of asseta given ia the same report, the total of 6,000 rhares in the company’s treasury, valued at $195,600. Jt must be borne fa mind that toils stock was independent of the abeve balance o¢ cash on hend. I$ bad been bought and paid for previous to the Ist of July, 1854. Now, let us proceed to the next official report. which is the one jast given. It covers the period from July 1, 1364, to Det. 6, 1866:— Nicamacea Teaser Covrasy—lecnem avn Desomear Mrwte, OCT, 6, 1866, ileon & Tomplown, 1,146 205 146,167 108 00 6,006 For benar Yor inter nourees 9,100 Tota? bbe sobs Ugndee denver e case sesn sbi MOO AOD Cah pac for coean wtenmalipe und lake and tive ner ia #511, 206 | For div f duly Ve, Wee . 2U8 01k Ker a Frovewes, liewlejo and San Jase DUR icon execs ‘ . WT 445 For expenses ‘office, insurance on steam and on tee ereet on loans, ke . 100,9re For bends of Dee hoa é 10 006 Cy 1 vettioment for ail els sete crapvacentst 00,00 tate on ace ant of the 10 per cen’ on net p es 19,000 For le enwhipa Ure Yankee Blade to wm, tor ¢i ant of sen pn, and for ogers and freight vver the ix mua, tor depots, ries of egente, he tees For bunds ot June 2, 1866, anti :ipaied Caeh remaining in Ube treasury Total...... chelen ceaneie ‘The senote of the compeny ate Hight ocean wteamers, cost... ‘Three lake stearvers| cowt, tem river #icamers, cost edt road aus sale Lighters, roows, coal huila, yards, Aa... ..... Lepots, landings, wayr stations, cml yr Transit roed, ; Wood and timer on the tsthinue Cral co heed im the Pecific, ertimated.. Cash in the hands of the company's agent ot han Francisco on September §, ox tiinated . Due from bim cn collection secount....... p wt losn on 20 shares York and New Haven Malirond ove . Due from Paciic Ma Heamship Company Lue from ( ntted Btates tor transpor * mail Deve om mor eteken trom Melence Maton) Insurance Company. may ........000.+ Srue frem Charles Morgan syent, say true from Gen. Mat 0, 4,108) Doe from insurance serip.. 6,680 40)'°7 ee TT seereeeessees cones My TO,AOs These sase's are reprevented by 18,000 wheres of «tock, at the par valoe of #100, meking & samina! capiial of There must be ameng the rtockbolders of thie ommpe- Gy M great macy threw, sensible becione: ern —mew who undervian! figures and atcoinia—eod \f they will analyse these eatements, thelr comcluckone will be alent. lar to thone we have lately (request y eapreest After ending the fret scomant, Joly 1, 184, with the tte ‘Cask on band, br, 6050,00), tt commence the eoevad with Carh on bend, Joly 1, 1864, 8176 OH" Among the sesets of The company, (rt 1806 we we me account of the 6,000 shares of ttork, 804 amaomg the reonipte we re wo account of ite male All the information the stack. holders cso got from the managers ls conteiact ia the above reports, Appieaions have beom mate to the of Geers for certain @tplanations, without races, hue Ceae corporation tn every particalar, It te managet at ment entirely for the benefit of « few individuals, who hate fo thoroeghly tretened themerives upon its vitele thet it whl be G@iffeelt t choke Gem | a « beg wt there 6 nythieg le m fF company could be roade in proper haets. Ie grass wot wat receipts are immense, aed would, if property appro | \atet, poy enormmens Gividends. The above resorts are | wopeny ever made, weet Ot etree: as thes Pith » Peondtems at & calery 6 16,000, ants Seoretay at t shove statement shows how profitable the | & 3 @ ratary of $5,600, it ts vot ashing toomu b whia we mee the steehbolcers are entities tee full, cotailnd, clear emf | explolt report of the compeny's oyerations from the be givaing tw the ent. A plan bas bern proposed by whtsle the affsire of the ccmpany can be wrested fom the hands of the clique of cormorants which now cea- trols them, and there is every probabil ty of 1. succes, The small stockboWers Khould come fprward ond abt those engaged in the good work. Woe bave grea’ (sith ia this compeny, if properly managed; terested a a fof the utmost fen changes rbould be made io all cepartments, to tasare the Kieatest efhelency end profit. ‘The tollos ing com: ica m relative to the new reas fieations and extens ns of the liabii'tes of the Mishigam Soutberm ond Northorm Indiens Raliroad Compasy, fom # gent eman who bas untli now been » iarge stoak- bolder in that rond, As noon ay tae fa'te referred to by the Detreit Alrerfuser came to bis know edge, he sold eet every share, and bas determined newer to make snother investmen: ip the stock ef (hat concern. He thinks thet as coon as the extent of ho Onanciat opera‘ions uf this company in thrae cuteide coc nections, and ‘he lndividea Bier sts of the dircoiors in such unholy ellisaoes be- Somes known, that there will be a genera: deste among Well holders o realize, and that the stock will fall beak © pints, leaving tao necessary margin for all conte grnelen. BronGan Souniaay Ash Nowrteks Ivoiana Rarmoam, To ne Porton oF Tus Hoa, T have cut the following article from the Detroit Badig Advertuer of the V8t) inat., whieh, it correct, eee & Very singuiar proceeding. It would appear from what ete om tat Mr Wilhinete with Mosse. Stryker, Livwh- field and other divetore of the Sou'hern Mic! road have not cnly agreed to atvance 6300, for the bot ding of a vow outede road leading fam’ Detrolt Toedo (tho capi te of Delcott agreeing to relee $200 000 more), hut “that t stherny road gure tween!’ that this road sball, s! tore of the Seutbern Michigan, including Mr. W have beeome directors in the now road. that to build avd equip this new road, festoad 4s wiil probably require ebout $1,000,000 or Ps 060; which [sto be gua:an‘eed as an cight took. I contend that, if the Southern road has been bead io eny torm whatever by ite divectors to the new without the coment of the stocuholders, it is wrong aad liegal. And if the direct rs of the Southern rose em ended their private operations #0 as to ho dere and directors in ita new road, and other erm ronda of little or nol terert to the Bouthers end become directors and offlears ia them, while bd office in the direction awl controt of the soathera, dees not look well, however legwl It may be, The South- orn Michigan is of srfficient magnitude tw undivided attention of alitae Litcnfe da, Witkinsene aed Stryker» ergngoo fo it, without juning in t and contred 1 firmly beleve that, had the disectors cw toed ther atioutl w clurively to tho me North 1 i of running off of Waberm Heute and Allan, and Mirwind ppl stoek, as some of thew df, thet t would t-day bave been b . he story of tbe Detevts pep “von., that the he ailvowd Compan * 10 orminnd Hevvott ana provided tse caplialinte of thin ety wilt 0,000, Pale amount of puck it wan thought bes. (0 reteln, ta order, thro gh ff, to secu 6 the sympathy and | fuence of the people ing (he line, Sesare, styker, LI etitisid, Witte. Inerh and ether directors of be southern cond, Mere fast beld ing ad eubseribed $309,000 Gr this pejoot, The Southern road puxraotees the atk ty be ao englet or Yarry hae eae tied & 069 $26,000 cach We ales le et thovrane Colmes @ cth have beea taken ta thle d that he work will be evn menced ai once = The “oe, vom or ton White, Henry P. tock Kael hange. parunpat, Deo. 22, 1866. #1000 NV G's "74. 200 abs Fate Hit. 6400 Tenn 6's 00, oo do, (0 Missonr’ 6’ 2000 bile Con b. WO dese vs 4000 Brie Las “46... £000 Mich 5 Hae ‘0s 1800 NC RR Bee..c (0g do...,.. 000 21O0OaF Bs wih p, oj doom sty Hugh White, Syrecwe, > ¥: DA Node, Me Monree, Mich; Henry Lodywrd, b win, Detevit.'” bd Y.; roe, M trot | . Wong » 9% ti 4000 N'Y Con 6's do. do. 100 do. wo do, 100 N Y¥ Coast cf do. WH Frte kR “ws do. ‘0 do. 100 do. 20 do 00 do... 00 do ae do. 100 do. V de, . 100, do eo . ees ald do. ‘26 Milled Mine KE mm do., LJ 100 do... 00 100 Erle Ratlroad #30 100 do... a 200 Ow 100 do... aah £6 Hodson KF b's b Ager | me on * ” £0 Mich Orn RK... 200 Nie Tranet Co 10 a 1a Baron Aci Palos of 100 While, wr them Te fet pote and Rigo, tor pe band thie mer tng de tneyee lo offices of Mears Lae ter, Valier & Co., was na follows First sort, bbls , Feened Third... dite Comdenned | Total pot and pearl mh | ie oy Lnnatercris — Fiowr- the market was fru, with, be tranracthns embraed abovt 15,00) « f ‘ Jorludirg common to good Kate, ot mw firm Sis 16; Peterebun #10. Je Kye fur sa, oes ng Whee'—The market w uiAevons Among lan white, ot private teres, dot rae Minsourl soit a 8s 0, Wegtere red 044 ot 61 0 OL OF Houtbern red was quiet st 61 66s 62, ret Teaseewe os newine!, Corn wea lewer sare nak eee 16,000 6 Weters mixed, ot 0 0 tora here vee He.» Ne f tit wome lee at $1 10, cat o et of dlasged war vocbe |. (mts were hewvy, Mate Ate. § the, sud Weatern at Ole. 6 bie. Conyyn.—Ovtng to the \nalemency ch the weather, the eales wore tinlind. A law bumtrwt ot Mie « wold at 10iGe 8 SS ign. ond 100 tage dave wt ihe, Comms — The rales embrace’ bout 1,000 0 1,200 bales, fm. “To (iverposl shoat %8,0°0 » 30,000 att, chileAly tn A, ote ted atyat 80) bebe. ot Be Aa. To Havre, 1 for four, he. for grain, und Ke 's te. om, To Antwerp, He wae ot Iba fo rates range! fom 8 ihe. yar foot wamerase men’, eal) lowe SS 2. Howry Helos of 2) terces, afloat, wore made oh OMe eb, in bond tor expert, Ty @06 unenengrd, the oxies being wvaterate Int tection ae was evady of 01 Oe OY, de months, with sale within » lew deze shout Se 58 une. Meise The market continual firm, ent the soles eoeetebens See oe see eenaae® Ot Me. sta Pm were s prin co bsoget Teermema—Pork— The vale ierhoded 1) Nie ines Ot 06, wih come kote veporiet +! 61978. Prime of con were bts In balk ot To len den rater were wrebacged. et fod WA O17. Inet war without change im hile rales of orrouty nase aah wine tere Cental ee bee heme were at 6145616 , Western re wer wore at Be. 0 6) ‘The market war ywirt, an! patmpend Li 4 Ce ee | om charge . Kez —The market Ww ver inactive, om aowrant the Inciew eacy A the weather, free om yelewe. in or verced 0 Ler iaeteon . ’ beveling sot eeety ere) heck hee slic were eminent bhee (abe ah Te, ehh o emall kA of bones on er tee Waenwry —Hinies were I forte ting 10) 6 290 Wea guiocn of So-, cad ovmpn detgn wos pees os bows