The New York Herald Newspaper, October 30, 1855, Page 4

4 ‘ NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, OOTOBER 30, 1855. NEW YORK HE . AMES GORDON BENNETT, TROY AFTER AND EDITOR, SPFICE N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS. BERD 2 DAILY | Per annum. He ae icy LY HERA at 64 ceinte per i eer cmt ae annum, to ry Gra Wo or 8 10 any pa ta Condned, ah Fort Brak ¥ CORRE: bn og a conotsing import: amtmene, iii from ary quarlor world—if used will be paid for. ve Forest CORRESPONDENTS ane AKTICULANLY Rewvtnxd tO Sab aun anp Pack: AGES SEN: SRO'NOTCH ten, of anonymous commnictions We do sae “550 PRINTING cxceved with noainess, cheapnese and dee- ADVERTISEMENTS renewed every day. mie per copy, $7 weeny Sat ‘Volame XX... AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, BROADWAY THEATRE Broadway—Parience anv Per- | BVMRENCR—BARNBY THE '—RECOLLECTIONS OV O FLAN- WIGAN AND THE Fatnivs, NTBLO’S GARDEN, Brosdway—Mus Prxw—Pas Diavoro BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Tux Tavaxn Cmrr— BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—Tux Sxniovs Wasny—Tur Toopizs. ALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway—Tue M. Mary Parenvs—Tur Loan or 4 Loves. srasvity ‘WOOD'S MINSTRELS, “ “Browdway, BUCKLEY'S Fe, OPERA HOUSE, 539 Broad- way ~Buniaseun Ormna 4xp NeoRo ARIS. MECHANICS’ HALL, 472 Broadway—Pror. MACALLISTER’S @omers Maciaues, QMPIRE HALL—Tovr or Evnore—Srece oF BxBastoror, New Yerk, Tucsday, October 30, 1855. Mails for Europe. NEW YORK HERALD—EDITION FOR EUROPE. ‘The Collins mail steamship Atlantic, Capt. West, will Jeave this port to-morrow, at noon, for Liverpool. ‘The European mails will close in this city at balf-past ‘tem o'clock, to-morrow morning. ‘The Herarp (printed in English and French) will be qeblshed at ten o’clock in the morning. Single copies, 4m wrappers, sixpence. Babscriptions and advertisements for any edition of the f@ew York Hens will be received at the following places fa Earope:— Javmroot..John Hunter, No. 12 Exchange street, Fast. ‘Lennox setter BOs, No. 17 Cor z fam... Livingston, Wells & Co,, 8 Place de la Bourse, The contents of the Kuropean edition of the Herarp embrace the news received by mail and telegraph at Ahe office during the previous week, and to the hour of pablication. The News. Later news from California is now due, by the steamer which left San Francisco on the 5th inst. The democracy of the Sixth Senatorial district held a ratification meeting at Union square last evening. John Cochrane delivered a speech on the occasion. a report of which we publish in another column. The Liquor Dealers’ Society met last night at Odd Fellows’ Hall, and after a very exciting debate upon the nominations of the Central Committee on Satur- day evening last, determined not to have any city or county ticket, and to confine their efforts to the nominations for State officers. Our despatches from Washington are very inte- resting. The advent of a new ambassador from Russia is mentioned as a fixed fact. He will bring communications of the utmost importance, relative to the terms upon which Russia will consent toa peace. The mediation of the United States in the pending war is by no means an impossible event. The State Department has received a circular letter from Denmark respecting the settlement of the Sound Dues question, but its tenor has not been made public. The reported resignation of Don Piatt, of his post of Secretary of Legation at Paris, is confirmed. Mr. Wise, son of Gov. Wise, now Secretary at Berlin, has been appointed to the va- cancy. It is stated that Mr. Buchanan has left Lon- don for the Continent, where he will make a brief tour previous to returning home. The steamship Isabel has arrived at Charleston with Havana dates to the 25th inst. Onur corres- pondents, writing on the 23d, state that much diffi- culty occurred in the council between the Captain- General and the chief of the war department as to the propriety of commuting the death sentence passed on Morales. In the end, he was permitted to live and work in the streets for eight years as a laborer of the police. Another man had been ar- rested for distributing seditious papers. It was thought that Senor Francisco Goyri would be elect- ed Director of the Spanish Bank, with a salary se $12,000 per annum, and two per cent on the total profits added. A profit of six percent on shares had ‘been refused. The rules do not inhibit the employ- ment of foreign artists, but the work for the in- stitution and all its business must be transacted within the walls of the bank building. A small addition had been made to the army. The steamer United States had been rebaptized as the “Mexico,” and sailed under the Spanish flag for Sisal, Vera Cruz and Tampico. A letter had been received from J. H. Felix, in which he states that he received kind treatment in prison from humane officials. Recent accounts from Key West state that heavy storms had prevailed inthe Gulf, but no wrecks had been reported. From St. John’s (Antigua) we have files of papers to the 25th of September. The Legislature met on the 26th of August. The Antigua Register of September 25, says:—During the past week we had some good showers, which were much wanted, vege- tation having somewhat suffered from the want of rain. The heat for the past few days has been op- pressive, and the breeze so light as to be at times searcely perceptible. The general health of the island is good. From Demerara (W. I.) we have news to the 15th of September. Major Blackall, Lieutenant Gover- nor, was expected to return to his government soon. The Colonist says:—The rain has fallen in great abundance, and, with little intermission, continu- ously for several weeks past. This morning opened with a very threatening aspect, and every indication of a coming storm. The wind continued to veer round southerly, and the sea to rise, towards noon, when several small vessels were driven ashore. The storm was succeeded by torrents of rain. St. John (N. B.) papers of the 25th ult., mention the entire destruction by fire,on the 22d, of the ‘wooden framed building covering McGrath, Hard- ing & Co.’s ofl works, at Spur's Cove. The damage Gone is estimated at £2,000. The property was not insored. In the Court of Oyer and Terminer yesterday the trial of Judge Stuart was, by request of counsel, postponed to next Monday week, to which time the court adjourned. The petit jurers were discharged. The sales of cotton yesterday reached about 1,500 8 2,000 bales on the basis of about O4e. for middling uplands, and an { a je. higher for middling Guif cottons. The stock in this market is light. Flour sold freely, including lots for export, with some par. cels bought to fill contracts, while the market closed at about 12} cents to 25 cents per barrel ad- vance, especially on common and medium grades. Wheat was again quite active, with sales for export closing at 2c. a 5c. per bushel advance. Corn closed at about Se. a 964c. The first cargo of new corn was sold yesterday, which inclnded that re- ceived from New Orleans; mixed 0c. and the yel- Jow 3c. Rye was dull. Pork was heavy, and un- changed in prices. Beef and lard were heavy. Freights were firm. To Liverpool, grain was taken at Ud, a 124,, flour at 4s. and cotton at 5-1éd.a jd. To London, flour was taken at 4s.%d. To Havre, two or three vessels were chartered at $1 for flour, and 25c. for grain. The value of foreign goods imported into the port of Beaton during the week ending 26th inet ed week, Our November Election—Tne Parties Invelv. ed i) St—Tricks and Troubles of the De. moern ys This |. ¥ week comes the election, from the results). hich we shall be considerably en- lightened eference to the reconstruction of parties in Nmpire State for the all-impor- tant mations contest of 1856. Beyond the erystalization «1 the namerous existing con- gtomerations, visions and subdivisions of parties and faci: 1s, however, into two or three definite and tay zivle masses, we expect no- thing. State reform and city reform, econo- my, retrenchment, and the correction of official abuses, are but the cant and clap-trap of poli- tictans and spoilamen contending for the plun- der. If anything is achieved for the relief of the taxpayers of the Corporation and the Com- monwealth it will be accidental, and so much clear gain; but “blessed are they who expect nothing, for they shall not be disappointed.” There are really but four State parties in the fleld—the black republicans, the American party, the hard shell democracy, and the softs, The “live whigs” are a myth, or a mirage, which bas a)l the appearance of a reality in the dis- tance, but which dissolves into the circumam. bient air as we approach it, and is gone. The Temperance Alliance are but the camp fol- lowers of the Seward coalition, and the liquor and constitutional rights factions are but the irregular cavalry of the democratic hards or softs, The silver gray whigs are a detach- ment of the American party, and the demo- cratic half-shells are the hard and soft fusion- ists, eo far as they go. Upon the Governor last year the popular vote of the State was as follows:— ee Clark, Seward fusionist and liquor law candi- “AW Er its ceytoakt 156,804 For Seymour, democratic soft shell and anti-ii- quor-law candidate.........+.0006 156,495 For Ullman, silver gray American candidate .... 122,282 For Bronson, democratic hard shell...........<+ 93,850 But these figures are no more a basis for our election of Tuesday next than for the election in Maryland on the following day. The Liquor law people par excellence, of all parties, voted last year for Clark; the extreme anti-Liquor Jaw interests, of all parties, voted for Seymour; the hard democrats made an eleventh hour diversion upon Ullman, in the hope of defeat- ing both Clark and Seymour, and thus left their own candidate, Bronson, far behind the actual strength of his party. Now the whole programme is changed. The Maine law is but a side issue; Southern slavery has taken the place of the liquor question, and is the para- mount test. The hard shell or national demo- cracy having put up a bona fide State ticket of their own, they will, we presume, (with an eye to Cincinnati,) bring up all their reserves in its support, including many thousand votes cast last year for Ullman. On the other hand, many conservative whigs who voted last year for Clark or Seymour, will doubtless go over this time to the American ticket, while all along our northern border many regular out- and-out free soil Van Buren administration softs will fuse with the Seward Holy Alliance. But as we have neither a Governor nor Congressmen to be elected this year, the result of next Tuesday’s scrub race, in a na- tional view, is only important as far as it shall foreshadow the reorganization of parties in thiscommonwealth in 1856. In this aspect of the case the imbroglio between John Van Bu- ren and the Kitchen Cabinet at Washington is the most significant feature of the whole busi- ness. The bull of excommunication against the Prince from the Cabinet organ, leaves the administration in New York without a party; for while the hards hold fast to their repudia- tion of Mr. Pierce, he has repudiated the softs. This is supposed to be 8 shrewd dodge on the part of the administration organ to relieve the softs of the incubus of the late pro-slavery experiments of Mr. Pierce out yonder in Kan- sas; and it may be so. At all events, we are free to say that if the Van Buren ticket does carry the State by fifty thousand purality, ac- cording to the absurd prediction of the hope- ful Prince, it will be claimed as a great demo- cratic victory by the Kitchen Cabinet; whereas if the softs should come out of the electionin a distressing minority, the Cabinet organ has only to cry, such is the natural consequence of a desertion of democratic principles! The net results of Tuesday’s election will probably be the same as in 1853 and 1854—the success of the Seward abolition league, through#| the adroit management in his behalf, of our Pierce administration. Tre Pacrric Ratroap—Tue Sournern Rovre~Lerrer or Hon, Tuomas Buuren K -We publish today an inte- resting communication from Hon. Thomas But- ler King on the subject of the Pacific railroad, and in behalf of the extreme Southern route through Texas and the Gadsden purchase, and thence via the Colorado to San Diego. The special object of Mr. King, in this let- ter, is the enlightenment of our New York capitalists upon the subject discussed. In the general views of the writer touching the world-embracing commercial advantages that would accrue to the road and to the country, from the completion of this continental iron highway of Europe from the East, and Asia from the West, few of our readers, we pre- sume, will differ. Nor do we suppose tbat, from the financial, constitutional, sectional and party impediments to a construction of this Pacific road by Congress, that any better general plan can be proposed for the building of the work than some incidental appropriations by Congress, some subscriptions by the States most immediately interested, and with the ge- neral conduct of the enterprise in the hands of one or more private corporations. We have also expressed heretofore, what we now repeat, from a very careful examination of official and unofficial reports of our various Pacific railway routes, to wit: that the extreme southern route through Texas via El Paso, and the Gadsden purchase, is, by all odds, the most feasible route. Weare of the opinion, in fact, that it isthe only feasible route for a rail- road from the Mississippi river to the Pacific ocean, and for these reasons ; It is from, five hundred to a thousand miles shorter than apy other route; it turns the two great snow covered chains of the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Newada, and rane upon a compara- tively dead level,where those formidable moun- tain barriers are depressed into the table lands of Chibuahua and Sonora. It runs through a region of country which, from its latitudes, is almost free from the snows of winter that entirely obstruct the mountain passes of the northern routes, ang which, from its general altitude, is remarkably healthy aad genial throughout the year. Crossing the open plains, too, the road builders by this extreme sonth- ern ronte will be relieved of the tremendons Extrewe pene say ny HAS ied od deaveaniaballity tn gow. . mountain streams, chasms, volcanic defiles, &c., will suggest by all the more northerly routes, in excavations, tunnels, causeways, and bridges. Thus far, we concur with Mr. King in the marked advantages of the Texas and Gadsden route, They are visible in a glance at the map of the United States. But in regard to the fertilitysof the Gadsden country we must demur. It isadesert—a barren, dry and howl- ing wilderness—with here and there an oasis, watered by a welcome stream; but which is sooner or later absorbed by the greedy sands. This desert region may be rich in gold, silver and copper mines, but they have not yet been discovered to any satisfactory ex- tent. Here and there, around the buttes, or along the detached rocky ridges which are scattered over this waste, there may be a patch, now and then, of available railroad timber; but we apprehend that it will be found cheaper to transport all the wood for the su- perstructure of the road, from both ends of the line, than to depend upon the scraggy and scanty materials along the route. We suspect, too, that the road through Texas must first be built, before the lands accruing to it can be safely estimated at five dollars an acre. Finally, considering the present agitation of the slavery question, the unsettled condition of the financial and political affairs of both hemispheres, the dead expenditure of the many millions of money and the many years of labor that would be required before any return could be derived from this Pacific road (for even by this southern route it would, as a continental work, yield nothing till complet- ed), we had fallen into the general conclusion that the enterprise had been postponed, by common consent, for a more convenient sea- son. The Texas branch of the road, however, considering the lands involved, may still be a safe investment as a local work. Beyond this we cannot perceive any immediate practica- bility in the interesting and instructive argu- ment of Mr. King. Mr. Joun Cocurane on Tue “ Heavy Bust ness.”—Pursuant to the late decision of Prince John Van Buren, Mr. John Cochrane, having been set apart for the “ heavy business”’ of the soft shell democracy, it will be seen from his speech last night, which illuminates gur columns te-day, that he is equal to the duty and prompt to assume the responsibility. His explanations of the soft shell Syracuse plat- form and State ticket, it will be remarked, are as far removed from those of the Prince as the North is from the South, When two such doc- tors differ, who shall decide upon the color of the chameleon? The best that we can do is to propose a democratic compromige, to wit: that Mr. Cochrane’s views shall be taken as the offi- cial exposition of the soft shell ticket and re- solutions south of Albany, while Mr. Van Bu- ren’s shall be accepted as the law and the tes timony throughout the northern counties; and that all those voters who are dissatisfied with Van Buren, Cochrane and the Kitchen Cabi- net, ehall have the liberty to vote the hard, the Know Nothing, er the black republican ticket. Next to the movement of the liquor dealers, we think this is about the best thing that has been suggested for the reunion of the democracy. We expect te hear of a grand outburst from the Prince at Albany this even- ing. Meantime it is comfortable to know that our Custom House is right side up, and that Tammany Hall is still endorsed by the Kitchen Cabinet. Read the speech of Mr. Cochrane. Wuar tue War Costs Us—Risx In THE Price or “ Marertars.”"—The pretty little game which is now being played by the great European Powers costs everybody something, not only there but here. Many articles of which im- mense quantities are wasted in war, are used for the arts of peace, and every manufacturer suffers from the extra demand, the consequent limited supply and increased price. In the ar- ticles of saltpetre, lead, gunpowder, naval stores, hemp, and some kinds of iron, the ad- vance in prices since the war broke out has been an average of thirty per cent. Saltpetre has advanced from six to fourteen cents per pound, and none is tobe had at the latter figure. For a long time our markets have been active on European account, and a great deal of saltpetre comes here from India, in order that it may be re-shipped to German ports. Some shipments have arrived here and been immediately re-shipped to England. Gunpowder, for shipping, which was worth ten cents per pound when the war broke out, has advanced to twenty, and the market is close. Galena lead has gone up a cent a pound since 1853, and the rise in naval stores is about twenty-five per cent. If the war should continue several years longer it may take all the inflammables and combustibles out of the country. We wish Garrison and Gree- ley could be sold out, but they always flash in the pan. Tuat Back Pay.—For reasons well under- stood and distinctly remembered in his dis- trict, Caleb Cushing was twelve years after his first nomination in getting into the United States House of Representatives. Is he going to require the same length of time to make up his opinion on the back pay of Lieut. General Scott? Place an office one peg higher than the one he holds before the short haired Puri- tan, and he is as quick to act as a hungry cat with a mouse in her reach. Gen. Scott is get- ting to be an old man, and he needs the money which the people’s representatives have voted him during his life time, and not to build monuments over his grave. He w Il not need apy. His fame is written in the blood of his foes on the fields of victory. Let the Attor ney General hurry up that opinion, An honest man can soon tell that twice one makes two. Why this delay? The Datch Reformed Synod. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. The Hrnavy has misapprehonded the position of the Reformed Dutch Church. That chureh baa not been dispersed; but, on the contrary, is more unfted than ever, The Classis of North Carolina never belonged to us. It hed been a part of the German Reformed Dutch, but is now, and has been for a few years, independent of any ecclesiastical connection. The Synotl declined to re ceive them, but treats them with the courtesy of Chris tian brethren. There can, therefore, be no séparation when there never was any union. The Dutch church continues in her integrity, and is, perhaps, the thos! united and harmonius ly of Christians in the land. {t is highly to the henor of the late General Synod that tue moat exciting question of the country, which has brought discord and heartburnings and quarrel, into every savem bly, lay or ceclesiastical, which it has entered, was dis- puted by that body for nearly four days without a hart word, and in the kindest manner. SRM Brooklyn City Intelligence. Four Drowsen.—Coronor Bennett held an ing uest ot Fort Hamilton, on Saturday, on the body of an unknown man, toond lying dead npon the beach. He had on « red fanned shirt and drawers, and « rent app Verdict 1s scovatance, THE LATEST NEWS. BY ELECTRIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Interesting from W: ad A NEW AMBASSADOR FROM RUSSIA WITH MEDIATO- RIAL PROPOSITIONS—MR. BUCHANAN’S MOVE- MENTS—THE DANISH SOUND DUSS—IMPORTANT DECISION OF THE COURT OF CLAIMS, BTC., ETC. Wasutwarox, Oct. 20, 1855. There are, I see, some doubts expressed about the ad- ‘veut of a new ambassador from Russia, but I repeat that it isa fixed fact. He will bring, besides his regular cre- dentiais, a confidential communication from the Czar, of the most important character, relative to the terms on which alone Russia will consent to a peace. What I now state will be known to the public in a few weeks. Russia mediated between Great Britain and the United States, and now the United States may mediate between Rusria and the Allies, She does not ask American medi- ation, but will accept it, and will at once indicate her terms, which, as 1 stated in a former communication, will embrace such vast commercial advantages for all the worid that the industrial classes of France and Eng- land will clamor for their acceptance as soon as they are generally understood. Reliable advices received by the Africa, state that Mr. Buchanan would ere this have left London for Paris, and that he will probably visit Italy before returning home. A circular letter from Denmark, relative to a settle- ment of the question of the Sound dues, has been re- ceived by the government, As 1 intimated some days ago, the resignation of Don Piatt, Secretary of Legation at Pans, arrived here by the last foreign mail; and 1 learned to-day, at the State De- partment, that Jennings Wise, son of Gov. Wise, now Secretary of Legation at Beslin, has been transferred to fill the vacancy at Paris thus created. The President has entirely recovered from the chills and fever with which he was affected. To.day's Organ contains the valedictory of Mr. Bur- well, who leaves the concern. Who the future editor is to be is not now known. Commander Hartatein, ordered here by the Secretary of the Navy, arrived this evening, and is stopping at Willard’s. In the Court of Claims to-day, the testimony taken in the case of Isaac Swain was admitted, thus deciding that government stores are not subject to impost duties, and that government {s Ilable for injury sustained by citizens in consequence of the improper conduct of its agents. The argument in the Florida cases was continued. Later from Havana and Key West. CHaRtEsTON, Oct. 28, 1855, Tho steamship Isabel has arrived at this port with Ha- vana dates to the 25th inst. There is no political news of importance. The sugar market was active at former rates. From Key West we learn that heavy storms had pre- vailed in the Gulf, but no wrecks are reported. The Massachusetts Prohibitory Law, &c. Bostos, Oct. 20, 1955, Another attempt has been made in the Municipal Court of this city to obtain a conviction under the Liquor law. A new jury having been empannolled, Chief Justice Nelson charged the jury that the common seller clause, under which the accused was indicted, was constitutional. ‘The jury, however, have now been out ten hours, and fail to agree—standing, it is said, four for aequittal to eight tor conviction, The facts of the case are not disputed, but the difference in the jury room is on the coustitutionality of the law. A snow storm was experienced at Concord, N. H., yesterday. Dr. B, I. Ball, who was supposed to have perished on the White Mounteins last week, has been discovered, with his feot frozen, The Case of Passmore Williamson. Pataperuia, Oct. 20, 1855. Judge Kane made an order in the case of Passmore Williamson this morning, refusing the leave asked for by counsel, because he is still in contempt, and by the pe- tition he seeks to present does not purge himself. To the end, however, that he may purge himself, the Juige also ordered that whenever Williamson shall declare, un- der oath or affirmation:that he is willing to answer such interrogations as may be addressed him by the Court touching matters heretofore inquired into by the habeas corpus, the Marshal shall bring him before the Judge in court or chambers, to abide the further action of the court. The Whigs Organizing. Povaukxerste, Oct. 20, 1855. ‘The straight-out whigs of Dutchess county, in conven- tion to-day, at Washington Hollow, re-organized the party and adopted the address of the Whig State Conven- tion, but made no nominations. Lake Disasters. CLEVELAND, Oct. 29, 1855. the Antarez, from Toledo, bound to Buffalo, went ashore here yesterday and was bidly damaged. Her cargo, consisting of 8,000 bushels of wheat, will prove a total loss. The steamer Minnesota also struck the pier here and sustained considegeble damage. The Granada at New Orleans. New Onseans, Oct. 20—P. M. ‘The steamship Granada, from Havana, is below. She probably brings the California mails, of the 5th inst., re- ceived at Havana by the Fl Dorado, from Aspinwall; but it is doubtful if ehe comes up the river to-night. Mortality at New Orleans. New Onteays, Ost, 29, 1855. There were only eleven deaths from yellow fever in this city last week. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 29, 1856. Our stock market was heavy this morn at te fol- lowing rates Pennsylvania Railroad Reading Railroad, 4344; Long Island Railroad, 123; Mire Ca nal, 1834; Pennsylvania Railroad, 43, NEW ORLEANS, Oct. 20, 1855. Our cotton market was quiet to-day at former rates. The sales reached 7,000 bales, Fair sugar is quoted at hic. a 6c. Molasses, 30c. The Literary World. It is singular that notwithstanding the interest excited amongst us by Cuban affairs, Humbolit’s interesting work on that island should never have been translated into the Fnglish language. That omission we are glad to say is on the eve of being supplied. J. 8. Thrasher, Eaq., whose long residence in Havana and intimate acquaint- ance with the political and commercial interests of the island eminently fit him for the task, has undertaken and nearly completed, a translation from the Spanish original, which will ehortly be published by Derby, of Nassau street. It will be accompanied by a prelimimary essay and notes from the pen of Mr. Thrasher, which will bring down the events of the book to the present day, and impart to ita high political interest. It is ex pected that these supplementary additions will throw light upon mony transactions in connection with the last contemplated insurrectionary movement in the island, which have not as yet been fairly’placed before the public. This fact alone, independent of its literary merits, will ensure for the work an exteasive circulation. In about three weeks we shall have Dr. Colton’s some- time promised “Letters of Henry Clay.” The book will ve far more popular than the great orator’s “Speeches” or Memoirs.” Mr. Clay was never more happy than in his off-hand and warm-hearted letters to his political and personal friends, in which he was wont to express him seif with the utmost frankness and sincerity. Of course, such acollection, published while so many of Mr. Clay’s eminent contemporaries are living, must be very incom plete; but Dr. Colton has enjoyed every advantage in the execution of his task which could be conferred by the surviving members of the statesman’s family; and his previous works on our political history prove him to be both judicious and learned in the treatment of «ach meluding volumer—the fifth and sixth—of the “Works of Joha C, Calhoun,” have jast appeared, and we are, therefore, in possession of the materials necessary for a just estimate of the geniux and cha: extraordinary person, who probably exercised a more absolute, if a more limited, influence in our public affairs thon either Mr. Clay or Mr. Webster, Mr. Culhoun was indeed the dictator of South Carolina for a great number of years, and he revamed the affections and the confidence of his constituents to the end of his dignified and splendid career Next to Mr. Clay perhaps the finest orator who was conspleunus in the political strifes of the last generation S, Prentiss, of Misslesippi, whose very interesting memoire have within « few days been published by bis «tinguished Presbyterian clergyman of this te known on the stump than but wherever he oppeare’ he won applause p Congress b brian, Lew inn one e segues otne. tee cfellelrs, | Fra: J, Cmnp, of Harvard College, lo eupeci fata | ‘The two volumes, for which we are indebted to the fra- ternal regard of Dr. Prentiss, are exceedingly well edited, and are not only deserving of commendation as a bio- graphy of singular personal interest, but as contribution to the partian and general history of the country. ‘The second volume of Mr. Benton's “ ‘Thirty Years in the senate” is in press, and will probably be published soon after the meeting of Congress. General Cass’ s “Me- moire” are also in the hands of the printers, The stere- otyping of Irving's ‘Life ot Washington’”’ was commenced about a fortnight age, amd will be completed by the first of Decenmber. Of the politioal biographies which are to instruct the next generation, perhaps none will be more en'ertaining than thore of Amos Kendall, the ‘(Oliver le Dain” of Ge- neral Jackson’s administration. Amos Kendull is an ex- traordinary character, and has played an extraordinary part in the history of this country. His early career as the protége and friend of Mr. Clay he will probably troat very lightly, but his connection with General Jackson, over whom his influence was far greater than that of any other man, if correctly stated, will astonith the world in several respects. It isalleged to be a fact susceptible of easy demonstration, that with but a single exception, every message or other public paper, bearing Jackson’s signature, while he was President, was written by Mr. Kendall. The exception is the “Proclamation,” from the hand of Ed- ward Livingston, And such was Mr. Kendall’s influence ever the President, that, it is believed by many who had good opportunities for gaining an accura‘e opinion in the matter, all the Secretaries of Departments he ever had about him could not move him a hair’s breadth from Mr. Kendall’s advice. The ‘‘chief of the kitchen’’ was mas. ter of the destinies of the Union; and, upon the whole, it must be admitted that he ordered affairs much better than most of the great functionaries who have since been in Washington. Mr. Kendall’s memoirs and confessions, we understand, will be a posthumous publication. It is to be hoped that impatience for its appearance will not induce any one to shorten the life of the distinguished ex-Post Master General. Dr. Onestes A. Brownson, who has beea at one time or another the champion of every known sect or party in “politics, morals, religion and law,’’ and who is now known as the most radical, as well as the ablest writer of the Roman Catholic church in America, is removing from Boston to New York, bag and baggage, and will hereafter publish ‘‘Brownson’s Quarterly” in this city, Undoubtedly Dr. Brownson will prove an interesting and conspicuous, if not a popular, addition to the intellectual society of New York. Mr. Witutam Ocpen Nixes, of Washington, proposes to reprint the entire series of ‘Niles’ Weekly Register,” in fifty volumes. The proposal is in the last degree ab- surd. The work was carefully and ably conducted, and is a valuable repository of historical material; but three- fourths of its contents are now utterly worthless, and the remainder, if republished at all, should be arranged according to gome method, and theroughly revised and corrected by later and more accurate authorities. A chronological compilation of historical, biographical and statistical articles, from Niles’ Register, the Nationat In- telligencer, and other American journals, for the last fifty years, if judiciously done, would be extremely valuable. ‘The late Mr. Edwin Williams, of the Hera, would have executed such a work better than any man now living, perhaps; but Mr. Niles may easily find some person whe, for a moderate compensation, will prepare for him fifty volumes, for all practical purposes, worth fifty times as much as the old Weekly Register. A new periodical, of the character of the London Athencum, is talked ot in this city, and, we understand, will make its first appearance near the end of the year, A really able and independent literary journal was never more necessary, and we believe such an one would be well supported; but the public will pay very little atten- tion to an organ of any clique of publishers or authors. A letter from Boston discloses the project of a monthly review of a high character, to be commenced by some of the leading wits of that vicinity. It will certainly fail unless its proprietors have a large capital, untiring ener- gy, and more liberality than has ever yet been displayed in this sort of business by American publishers. With a thoroughly honest and capable editer, and $50,000 to sink, if necessary, before he even dreams of profita, @ good manager may build up a magazine that will nos only put money in his purse, but havea controlling in- fluence upon public affairs. Grorce Woop, the author of ‘Peter Schlemih! in America,” is the most ingenious of all the satirists of our domestic absurdities and infirmities. Stealings from his humourous, caustic and suggestive chapters have proved a sufficient capital for two or three professed and successful wits, who have shown themselves superior to him only in the bold tactios with which they have ac- quired and detained the attention of the public. It will delight the admirers of ‘‘ Peter Schlemihl’’ to learn that he will publish next week a new work, under the title of “The Modern Pilgrims,” in which the tribulations and embarrassments of a wanderer among modern ‘ isms,” and the difficulties to be encountered before the discover- ing any essential truth in either of them, will be set forth in his best manner. ‘The Modern Pilgrims’? will make more noise among the philosophers and theolo- gians than any other book of the year. Mrs. Lypia M. Camp, a woman of uncommon genius, well known a quarter of a century ago by her “Philo- thea” and other novels, and whose most recent appear- ance in print was in a ‘ Life of Isaac T. Hopper,” has in press an elaborate work on the origin and growth of re- ligtous ideas and institutions. It may be doubted whe- ther it will add much to her good reputation. It certain ly will not increase the respect im which she is held by those old fashioned people who believe in the Apostles’ creed er the Thirty-nine Articles. From Philadelphia, we shall have, in a few days, a new novel, intitled “Helen Leeson, or @ Peep at New York Society.’ Several exhibitions of life along the Fitth avenue have lately appeared from the pens of young gentlemen and ladies whose experiences in this ciiy have been limited to « single day at Lovejoy’s or one of the Cortlandt street taverns; but we are assured that the fortheoming production is by a clever writer, who has had ample opportunities of understanding her subject and that it is equally just and spirited. Assingularly interesting book called “ Aspiration, an Autobiography of Girlhood,” appears anonymously, but is understood to be from the pen of Mrs. Richards, wife of the Rey, William C. Richards, of Providence. Nothing more graphic has becn written since Miss Bronte gave to the world the carly adventures of ‘Jane Eyre,” and “ Aspiration” has the merit ef s most unexceptionable work. In the great number of recent American novels very few have any elements of enduring popularity. The ease with which people now get into print has tempted scores of spinsters and married women from their proper vocations into the business of scribbling tales, romances and verses, which s peoullar aystem of advertising ena- bles their publishers to dispose of with more or jess pro- fit; but any competent critic who wili compare this portion of our literature with the productions of ovtem- porary English or French female writers, will be struck with its prevailing inferiority. Undoubtedly we bave ‘Miss McIntosh, Misa Cary and two or three others, are indeed possessed of uncomman genius; but with these half dozen exceptions, our authoresses are commonplace feeble or absurd. What American woman bas priluced @ novel comparable with “Mary Barton,’? ‘North a South,” “The Initials,” the best works of Mrs. \arsls, or those of the deceased British novelists, Miss Edgworth, Miss Ferrier or Miss Bronte? Or who among the women at the recent Orystal Palace convocation 1s the pearess of George Sand or Madame Reybaudt We are apt very much to overrate the results of our universal culture, such as it is, and on no subject do we make greater mis takes than on that of the comparative activity and abi lity of our own literary women and those of the wore ad- vanced kKuropean nations. A Boston publisher advertises ‘‘ Klosterheira, or the Masque,” a novel, by De Quincey. It is a poor affsir, en- tively unworthy of the great exayie(, and was writien by him pearly half a centary ago. It has been, by ais own request, as well as on account of its want of merit, omit- ted from the edition of his works edited by Mr. James T. Fields Mr. Reape, the author of ‘Peg Woffington,”’ bas writ- ten a new novel under the title of Merton.” and sent it to the American publishers of his for: works, who pay him copy money; but another house, in the absence of any international Iaw on the subject, have also announced it, ‘A similar difficulty haw also arisen in regard to a new work by Mrs, Browns romance, in verse six or veven thousand lines. Mrs. Browning ani her husband have both selected an American publisher, declared that b me shall ever bring ont their works with thelr consent. Bat another person in the “ (rade does not care a farthing for the wishes of these tinent people, and threatens to reprint the frst copy of the new book be ean get hold of. Such ontrages muy possibly induce members of Congress to reftect on the |} justice ond policy of note legislation on this en hjout ¢ the Pritts) of some ee ition ¢ h Poets, odited by Prot chanical execution, and will be far more complete and _ satisfactory in every respect, than the fampus Aldine edi- i tion of Pickering, ‘The last five volumes, comprising the works of Spenser, are edited in the most admirable man- _ ner, The success of this series, which is to extend to more than one hundred volumes, quite disproves the fre- quently repeated assertion that our practical and prosaic _ people do not appreciate the highest order of polite Ktera- ture, Three times a8 many copies of the best works of the best authors are sold every year in the United Stater as are sold in Great Britain, and the demand for good literatare in every department is increasing with un examyled repidity. ‘A great deal of curiosity is felt respecting Mr. Lox- YELIOWw’s forthcoming poem, ‘‘The Song of Hiawatha,” in which he tries his hand for the first time upon an Indian legend. Mr. Aurrep B, Mex, of Alabama, long known as one of the, most popular ‘magazine poets” of the Southern States, has been in New York recently, reading the proof of a longer and more elaborate poetical work than he has hitherto published. dt is founded on a tradition of Southern border life. Mr. Frank Moors, of this city, has been for some time occupied in the collection of ‘ Songs and Ballads of the Revolution,” and will publish a volume under this title about the first of December. It will be in the high- est degree interesting to students in American history. Mr. Moore has been indefatigable and eminently success- ful in his researches, and will illustrate the curious reliques of our revolutionary wit and enthusiasm, which he has brought together with such introductions and notes as will add very greatly ® their value, Mr. Ewnank, formerly Commissioner of Patents, has just finished the proof reading of his “Life in Brasil,”’ an octavo volume which will surpass in attractive in- terest any book of travels recently published. Two volumes of Mr. Prescort’s ‘History of the Reign of Philip the Second” wil! appear about the end of No- vember. Though it may not be the most popular, will undoubtedly prove the most able of this great his- torian’s works. A “Sketch of the Virginia Convention of 1776,” by Hon Guicsny, will be published in a large octavo, by Mr. Randolph, of Richmond, during the fall. Mr. Grauam, of New Orleans, who inherited the fam papers of that celebrated person, has just committed to the press in this city a work of great historical interest on the Life of General Morgan, of the Virginia Riflemen. There is not a more attractive character for biography in our revolutionary annals than the hero of the Cow. pens. The forthcoming work will be in one large octavo volume. Obituary. Hon. Cuarues W. wmrris, of Court of Michigan, died in Detroit my of the 25th ae Free Love for —— Hats, Furs, ‘and other furnishings to sect in it Uberall Bagure; and Gloves re comfort and beauty! Indulge peralys his sort of Free Love ia of the moet places for the Free Lovers to Moot are at Nos: 633 Broadway—Knox’s two stores. Genin’s pec tt tt eer Hat of the seascn.—No specimen of the art of hatting hae ever produced bas literally eclipsed every this. es ee Ther rich inttaltab le color, tion and PrOTe! of all whe soot nmmined Paria has never produced enurely without a rival it the popular ‘lass, of hain to tbelougn GHNIN, 214 Broadwey. opporiie 8 Pautachureh. Cameo—Daguerreotypes—Williamson’s, 248 Fubon street, Brooklyn. ae « Which meaeey « os Deny” With Trath.— yphs on glass, Known a3 ambrot) » oe ewe! best: and cheapest, by far at the Helton Gal Tce, Beast Btradgers, get your likeness in this new siyle, at 3 broad way. New Art Improvements, &.—The ype Grecian its on glass, fine, durable and cheap werreotypes $2, 60 per dozen, talien with the double ever- focus camera, first introduced by’ HOLMES, 289 Broadway. At A. & J, Saunders, No. 7 Astor House, and i Broadway, can be found the fin fang est sees aa canes, brushes and poeta PW Loar Canal street, near Varick, » JOBR F. % Ni if ted for one ad wortzsanaiip sata to i Bo viry, aid 20 per cont lew, than Broadway a'3— Second ‘hand pianos at eat great bargains. lanable, well made and cheap. a ee ee i et yesinens coats, pant nd made up for the prese! becom, and now in lore at aur celobraled cheap oll house, 33 nd 85'John sireet, corner of Nassau. DEVLIN & JESSUP. Poesia er rmepey Clotht for Gentlemen and tsrlen of ready made clothing exhibited this season ty SEARED MONKOE 4 CO. ail Broadway, appear wo mee! With universal approval, if we may Judge by the crowds of Customers widel every day ‘viet. the ment. Their swortment is unusually large und varied, and extraordinary Painu have been taken to, have every gi made in the most perfect manner, and weil and ppropriniely ‘risstnod. ‘They feel amply repuld by thelr exertions to, please thelr cus- (gare. by ihe suocees which has crowned those exertions. rs and others who are unacquainted with the manner ot cnsiling business at 441 Broadway, are politely invited to call and examine for themselves, The Bays’ Clothing Department at Rogers & Co, a bas occ & varies of boys’ fall ant winte ‘ork fern as tba L. Rogers & Co., stock of gentlemen's clothing should command pitenton from those who would on with extreme cheapness. The custom department is the charge of one of the best cut: ters in the country. The One Price System ts all the Rage=So. is DRUMGOLD & PROCH'S system of doing business—small rofits, quick returns, and one price !—no abatement, Try 20 Fulton street, if you want good and cheap clothing. Improved Shaker Knit Under Shirts and drawers. Also, every description of lambs’ wool, merino, cot- ton apd stiky at MELAUGHIALN'S ‘cheap one prise. shirt nod Murnishing store, 292 Greenwich sirect, corner of Chambers. Brooklyn.—Tremendous Excitement among the oogee and fashion.—-LOCKETT’S celebrated dress and o ming emporium. They have every imuginabl: 0, color and patiern of trimnlngston, Ba or tats to of, Ger ai 251 Pulog street, ‘opposite 1, Brooklyn. To be Si _ the Ladtes.—Can- trell, of 336 Bowery, is now acknowledged pre-omiuent in the artof "obnaceurie?” itis i gallers at Ids. and 14s., ‘made in Sierten ne pret till Gaeta ana eaS ewan, 'e! le, and siti! ¢ that are to'be found tp thls ‘The most dixcrimina- $2 of opr city elles provouce aan fully” eanal to the French. Ladies, please make ® note of the number—%¥o jowery. Blankets.—E) Blankets Size, peed Perheon « uUMPaR 7 Ne oro Brock. /, corner of Eng! ne, Be. sacar low t nee other Good: % PETERSON & ‘iriReY. No, 379 B: Bargatna in ,, Caxpeting.— Good ope 95. Goods KE Sensbn Na Stowe aRey, No. 349 Broad wa; my ‘ut roel Carpets! Carpets! ¢ Tastians rb Me~ dation velvet carpets trom the Paris exhibition: aeary Brus els (rom the celel raled maniclory ot rom & Sons, Hali- fax, England, just received, ni HIRAM pet tiaas 29 Bowery. Covering for the Floor bap te arg for ibe body —Beautitul velvet, tapestry, Brunseln fnvBlee of heavy" nglloh Pia all an re v ARTHUK rasa a 92 Bowery. China and pope from ‘Auction —Tra and dining very low tele sets, terra, sotta, foc tn ac. Davis 'GOLLAMOIEE, et Kroad way. Rich Bronze Clocks, Cande Dinner er of eat ely new assort- ‘snd ten sets, received this day per ip Switzertand, PEA ereat variety of Frenc ai . of cutis dexigns, ‘sale cheap. marge sant of chandeliers Mar in " V. HACGHWUUT, S61 and 568 froadway. Some Pumpkins, or Gold Ring Pumpkin ‘Three feo vinsasae euia broen Eng 19 a he aera Ah Tar 5 wi e day at GOULD'S,” Among. the ples z irom each pumpkin,” Wil ait plain gold rings. Single cuts, 84, cents. The ns comms ails. GUULD'S Hotel, Fulton street, This Week Only.—All Bad Writers Will bave an unity of acyuiring ® good hand & GO Ademntth's neaten; weet fer’ ihe nota charge, of $3. Cards of te be ‘00m, 362 Broad ait aeivad “OLIVER B GOLOSMITH. Sewing Machines.—The Important. Fg te pepioning 10 be undersioad that Singyr's atest, Imn- proved sewing machines, nlug at double woved. do so moob more work ins any, en do it #0 mach bev. div wa; giher machines, tha: nootier kind te word taking ass The manufactire of Singer's has within a month. -_ me can coe more than & anapproachable. way. agen Twen y-four op of bi now pacity ot traveller for n fa impoc tag baw i eny, being red of traveling, fe dealrous of ntaaine & won ba dry gowds, house uexi veri Jeguary, whore he can ire command notion department, «' tworoug undersiapda. A ‘Not reference given. box 102 Herald office, India Rubber Fane canes, pene, peneti, balls, Ac, at the Good Broadway, between Chambers Aehdieies can be touud at this store as © auced Fancy Articles.—Tattie’s Museam i: atways open for Vieliere, day and evening, at 346 Brosivar. TOT 1 verything ries, curious and beantifnl in che line of Jone, bady Jampere, gacaee of all kinds, perfa rushes, fane, portemonssins ke. No- bon tint thie establishient without being detieiied, nek a hing perchases 0 sore kind, the prive ar Inventions Are the Order of the Du we hale seen nothing tn the way of id Spenppere wht than inverted by dire basa ss ne rod wed tor MAL EL 4 Menten lane. eS ie a et oi) ee Ww he marker, are made in gold and wiver.