The New York Herald Newspaper, October 21, 1855, Page 2

Turkish hich reparing to leave the Crimea, in order $0 fallow Omer Pashe to ine main Dore insula, and to form the reserve which is in gree) rege] immediately, and oe agai e Tie che i Mert a oo ould then prevent the allies, from landing. between 20,000 and 30,000 men at any point of the k Sea, whence they might, in a Cm jort time, cut off the whole Russian army between and Erzeroum. It is reported that Count Nesselrode has received or- ders from the Emperor remain behind for some time and that Prince Gortschakoff is to be call- ‘to the post Of Minister of War, while the Armenian General Moravieff is to take the army of the Crimea, which is to be defended to the last extremity. The French booty at Sebastopol is said to be estimated fr. and the losses of the Russians some $0,000,000 fr. The line of the Tchernaya is now the posi. t importance, from the strategical operations of which it is about to serve as the base. Thegeneral be- Jief is that the Russians are endeavoring to effect their retreat, covering it by some specious t of troops. ‘Their movements are narrowly watched i It is remarked that the Pays—originally Bane as public— has suddenly broken out into a vioient attack on Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, Ambassador at Constantinople. Lord Stratford it is known always set himself against French influence, but he now seems to have incurred a tart reply from the Sultan, with whose prerogative he is said to have been interfering. It is curious, however, that so earnest a desire to get rid of him on the part of the French should be #0 exactly coeval with the capture ‘of Sebastopol. In fact, there are manifest indications ‘that Paris just now is the centre of some great political if such a term be admissable when sy ie to diplo- matists. The Pays makes an appeal toGermany. The Constitutionnel talks about the remains of the feudal edifice being buried under the ruins of Malakoff. The Duke of Saxe Coburg comesand goes, nominally to witness the damnation of his opera, but really as the representa- tive of his brother, Prince Albert; and Baron Prokesch, the Austrian Commissioner, most in favor of Austria = the Western alliance, is here. The King of Prus- wia, all the while, is being ae of eer for ‘the manifold suffer! entai ast of war.” i oe sf BERTIE, Panis, Thursday, October 4, 1855. Approaching Close of the Industrial Exhibition—Life Boat Experiments on the Seine—Grand European Fire Engine Contest—The Terms which Russia will Get, if She is Compelled to Knock Under—A French Hero—Royal and Diplomatic Movements, déc., de. ‘The knell of the Great Exposition has at length been sounded from official authority. It was inaugurated on the 15th of May; it is to be closed on the 15th of October, ‘when, in the presence of the Emperor and Empress, and amid all the pomp and ceremonial that can give cla! to the occasion, the various medals will b#Mistributed. A grand dinner was to have been given to Prince Napoleon on the 15th instant, as President of the Exhibition, but by his desire it is to be changed into a soirée held at the Louvre, whose new rooms are to be ‘‘ hanselled’’ for the occasion, and the exporants, whether French or foreign, and the notabilities of the press, will be expected to a assist. As the days of this great national experiment decome numbered, its sponsors do allin their power to extract from it some great practical benefit, an in- stance of which was afforded a few days since in certain experiments with life boats, diving apparatus, and fire enginer, which took place, on the Seine, in presence of Prince Napoleon, and some thousands of spectators. Nothing indeed could be more stirring and animated than the scene which the Quay d’Orsay, the Bridge of Je- na, and the banks of the Seine presented. The arrange- ments were all made by M. Tresca and M. Irelat, the Im- perial Commissioner and Civil Engineer. The life-boat experiments were excellent, as were also those of the divers who remained under the ter with their strange dresses nearly an hour, picking up articles not larger than a five franc piece, thrown into the water from time to time by the mem- ders of the jusy, all of whom were there sssembled in solemn conclave. But nothing seemed to excite such general interest as the contention of twenty-three fire ‘engines, which, like a park of artillery, were drawn =p in line against the wall cf the Quay d’Orsay. 1 suppose there is something in the bubbling, splashing and spu:t- ing up of water, which is always pleasant, for certainly, ‘among all the popular monuments of Paris, none are so eagerly thronged as the fountains. In this instance, however, all European nations seemed to have entered the lista to fight an aquarian tournament, which should prove the superiority of fire over water. Prussia, this time, was determined not to be behind hand, and demon- strated that if in the East she was unwi.ling to do bat. tle, the Bridge of Jena was far too full of unhappy memo- ries to allow her to be idle now; so in she went, pumping against the wall of the Quay @’Orsay like some ancient Katabalista against old “yracuse, and with only this difference, that she never shot within five metres of it. Then came up the London fire brigade, represented by Mesare, Merryweather’s engine, and another by Messrs. Taylor & Sn. Ye gods! the pumping and splashing was something awful, while each, worked by twenty-four stout men-at-arms, this Ondine artillery fizzed away at the Parisian Sebastopol; but nota stone of the Quay eid they touch— ‘There was racing and chasing o'er Connolly lee, But the lost bride of Netherby n’er did they see, Belgians, Austrians and Germans enter, Katabalistas now rushed in and took part in the mel but still the goal remained untouched, when to the astonishment of every one, a little toy of a thing from Canada, by Perry of Montreal, began to show certain symptoms of being in labor. Twenty married wives attended her in the shape of Gremen, though the comely matron is ordinarily accus- tomed to be contented with sixteen, and to the aston- ishment of the Prince President, the International Jury and the delighted thousands who beheld it, dashed her jet at once with such violence-against the wall that it was ‘obvious she could have thrown it, but for this interposi- tion, 10 metres farther. The clapping of hands an neral acclammations that hailed her success, was worthy ofa victory of historical importance, though it is rexsona- Ble to suppore that the enormous boon to, human which so clever an invention affords in oave of the awfu perils of fire, was present to every one’s mind. Be that asit may, the compliments which were paid to Mr. Perry, the brother of the owner, who took the machine t» pieces, and explained the action of its various parts with great clearness and practical knowledge to the Prince, the va- rious scientific men, and the firemen, must have been very gratifying. Frenchmen have a kind of natural sym- pathy with Canada, and seemed to view her suocess in this instance without a particle of envy. The following article from the semi-official organ, the Constitutionnel, gives an inkling of the terms likely to be conceded to Russia:— “Nevertheless,” says M. Granier de Carsagnac, ‘ in order to meet the solicitations of her own allies with a a show of equity and moderation, Russia had recourse to & principle recognized in diplomacy, requiring foi's ac- complis to be the starting points of negotiation.” ‘ The fleet of Sebastopol still exists,” said he; ‘reduce it if you can, but you cannot oblige us to destroy it with our own hands.’” Now, what are these fails accompli: ? ‘They are not the reduction but the destruction of the Russian fleet—the destruction, in fact, of Sebastopol— the uncontested possession of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azoff, with the certain and speedy capture of all tl Criméa looming in the horizon. These are then ba upon which any new conferences, whether they be held at Vienna or elsewhere, must rest. It was a corporal of the 1st Zouazes who planted the first French standard on Malakoff, His name is Eugene Librant, of Paris. It was General MacMahon’s standard of the Ist divsion, the hoisting of which was to be the for the attacks on the other points. He gave it, to rant with his own hands, Librant, while springing into the trebches, was struck by a stone, but notwitl standing the pain it caused him, the parapet in the midst of bail storm of projectiles of every kind, and xuc- ceeded in planting the flag around which so many were to receive their death. It appears that eighteen women who remained in Sebastopol were made prisoners. At Srst it was supposed they had been left behind in order to fire the mines; but this was a mistake, and they have Deen treated with every respect. Private letters state that the former Jife of the camp is no longer recognizab! + You cannot form,” says one of them, ‘‘an idea of the Joys of the soldiers at the service of the trenches being at ini them, the andes renal othe campaign. The , the result of the campaign. The poets of the several divisions have been ali at work, and songs are in circulation of the great victory of the 8th; but the invariable chorus, and w! is slways the most fe—' Plus de trav hich mother, the Duchess de Berry, i im Styria. The King of the Two Sicilies and the whole royal family went to venerate the relics of St. Janisarius, at Naples, on the 19th ult. Ab-del-Kadir has just been paying a tecond visit to the Exposition, and for once his eastern gravity and imperturbable muscles were quite upset. In the annere is the skeleton of a horse ia esoutehouc, with all the veins, arteries, ligamenta, &e., colored. It completely took Emir by surprise, who i his raptures at the sight. ‘Count Wa- of Foreign Affuits, gave him yesterday farewell dinner, previous to his departure to Damascus— new Marchioness de Villa Marshal Vaillant, the Marquis and Marina, Lord and lady Portarling- ton, Prince Poniatowski and others ehh by oe Count Bemstorff and Count Hatsfeld—Prussian Ambassadors to the Courts of London and Paris—have arrived at Co- blentz, summoned, it is seid. by the King of Prussia, in order to inform him ver! of the ac state of af- fairs, and the it intent of the Cabinets of Pari« and London, Tt is rumored thet the French and British Arobassadors and Ministers to foreign Courts have al! re- ‘ceived from their respective cabinets « circular respect- ing the present political position of the Alifes, as changed by the re of Sel The cholera seems “Wins todament sealant Mi document recently publ the Minister of Commerce and ‘Agriculzure, a the stat of France, curious return is extracted. It ap- the ea ver pears ughout the whole 7, totally blind, and 15,063 Wind ot doe coer’ There aca deaf ‘apd duinb, 44,970 insane, £2,364 goitroun, 29,51: 44,619 bumpbacked; 9,077’ who have lost one or both ber competition not being permitted, the consequence is ‘The first the Cortes will de to vote the pro pie to up @ price inconsistent with the sums for the contingent army of 30,000 wen, catile market at . The t, therefore, | which is to furnish the allies. The treaty has after the 15th of October, has Rotice that every | alr signed by the high contracting parties, two months it will take upon it to regulate the tar ‘and Spain, so that the Cortes will only acco) ‘to the Poissy market. The French seem to fan- what, by the act of ministers, ix already a cy that free con don, as in London and the other | fait Logg ot lap oper eer ‘on foot with Portu- large cities, wor expore the aero to the supply of an | ‘gal for a similar object, and ghould Naples and Sicily be unwholesome article, apd therefore, in preference to | revolutionized, of which there seems to be much proba- throwing the trade open, adopt the present mode. That Go ceoee wit be pecettiod tne eens robable; but ‘ach a system is against evéry canon of pot! economy. Our Coblentz Correspondence. Contmyrz, Oct, 2, 1855. Prospect of Religious Freedom in Europe and Asia—Pro- gress of Protestantism in Italy and Spain—The War— Moscow and Sebastopol—No Parallel—Spanish Treaty— Cuta under French and English Protection—Emancipa- dion of Negroes in the Dutch West Indies and in Cuba, €e. One of the most remarkable coasequences of the pre- sent war is certainly the pregresy of religious liberty. No one can doubt but that religious toleration will henbe- forth be a cardinal principle of the Turkish” government; no one can for 4 moment suppose that peace can be es- tablished without guaranteeing political equality to all subjects of the Sultan, be they Mahomedans, Jews, or Christians. Even now the Jews are preparing to rebuild and re-colonize the holy city of Jerusalem. The political privilege being once obtained from the Turks, who can doubt but that the Rothschilds alone can rebuild the Temple, and if they judge proper, salary the whols priest- hood required to take care of it. No Asron’s wand is requireé—a single stroke of the pen in London, in Paris, or in Frankfort-on-the-Maine, would be sufficient to work such a miracle. But it is not only the East which is thus promised lib- erty of conscience and religious worship: the old States of Europe, too, are promised a share of the conquered freedom, and no small cne, either. While the German Protestants have just been celebrating the three han- dredth anniversary of the establishment of religious peace at Augsburg, Protestantism is making rapid pro- gress in Spain, in Italy, and in the Catholic Cantons of Switzerland, 1 know that this proposition will be denied by Catholica all over the world; but I nevertheless know that it is true, The controversy in which Spain is now engaged with the Holy See, inevitably leads to the spreading of Protestant doctrines in that most an- cient stronghold of Catholicism, and the same may be #aid of the troubles now existing between the Pope and Sardinia. The period of the French encyclopedists is passed, the scoffers of Christianity have fallen into dis- credit, and the imaginative mind of Southern Europe is not satisfied with the cold and naked materialism of the German metaphysical school. The decline of Catholicism in Spain, Portugal, Italy and the Catholic Cantons of Swizerland, therefore, does not lead to materialism, but toa reformed religion—in a word, to Protestantism. If the same phenomena are not perceptible in the Catholic provinces of Germany, it is because these provinces are purely governed by Protestant princes, who are looked upon as political oppressors of their Catholic subjects, and because a vast portion of the self-styled “educated or enlightened Protestants” of Germany have no religion at all, professing loudly their disbelief in an individual God, the Creator and Preservor of the universe, the im- mortality of the soyl, and an existanceafter death conpled with rewards and punishments, It is this species of Ger- man Protestantism which consists in the denial of a God- head and of all responsibility after death, which serves asa wall defensive to the Catholic church of Germany. “Better”? say all the friends of Christianity, ‘‘to belteve in the church of Rome than to have no church at all—no religion—no moral guide-no belief in anythiug that can serve as a check on unbridled sensualism.’’ In this manner the Catholics of the Rhenish provinces, in the kindom of Wartemberg and in Baden, have maintain- ed their numbers and increased their influence; but wherever Protestantism exists as a confession, with a distinct creed and practice, there it has made proselytes, not through the influence of noi zealots, but by quietly spreading the gospel. More than fourteen thousand Bibles have been distributed this year in Tuscany and other Italian States, and more than 10,000 New Testaments. In Catholfe Rome itself 4,000 copies of the latter have been disposed of and read, andif it were not for the presence of French soldiers in the Eternal City, the very reside pe might be trareformed into a Protesta: Whatever rofesses Mberalism i pose to the rule of the ope, and it is impo: tw be liberal in Italy without being national. r has Protestantism been connected with the regeneration of Italy—a thing pre- dicted hy the much-abused and rudely misjudged Macchi- avelli, when he stated it as his opinion that to regenerate Italy a new faith was required,” though he was not theologian enough to state wherein that“ new faith” was to differ from Catholicism. He, was only statesman enough to perceive that it required a new faith, aud that there was no help for the State in the mere ig and hissing f all revealed religion, If the latter je, the Germans would, e most enlightened bat gorous people on earth. They are, how e times of polities! and religious ex: very quiet and very dreamy, being a ye not only t very sleepy, disposed to take an active part'in politics as in religion, Macchiavelli was a greater statesman than Professor Heg the elections for the second chamber have jast taken ¢ in Frnssia, but their result has not yet been made nown. In the capital (Berlin) and other large citi the kingdom, the friends of national liberty and progress seem to have succeeded. In the country, where the inilu- ence of the officers of the army and of the governmen officials prevailed, the old Prussian party appears to have triumphed. Of the democratic party of 1848 nothing re- mains but the remembrance of its socialist tendencies and moral cowardice. This is sufficient to prejudice the cause of true democracy and national progress. The mass of the people seem to have lost all faith in the po- l integrity and capacity of those who have hitherto acted as solvents, not a3 01 by skiltul combi- nation; as destroyers of the old. nd pers social edifice of Europe, but not as architeets or bi It is, how- ever, significant for Prussia and for all Germany that there exists a party under present circumstances, which ventures even upon calling itself the demvcratic party. It furnishes evidence of courage and of that nice spirit of discrimivation which distinguishes between the thing itself, and the abuses to which it 1 Mable. There are strong reasons to believe that the reactionary movement in Prussia has reached its culminating point, and that, notwithstending the Russo-Prussian alliance (of family) Prussia will soon again feel herselt as a German Stat With the diminution of Muscovite influence all ove many, it is impossible that Prussia alone should remain an historical fixture. ‘The prospects of peace between Russia and the Western Powers axe ag far removed as ever; every reasonable per. son (among whom your humble correspondent hopes to be classified) presumes that the fall 0° Sebastopol, like the fall of a burning house, will only serve to spread the conflagration. Both partles—the Russians and the allies—are now making desperate elforts to con- tinue tbe war on a larger scale: to change the siege of a town into an open campaiga. The difiieul*ies, howver, which the allies meet in the Crimea are of no ordinary character. The Russians, who appear to be determined to act on the defensive only, are Brtitying themselves in every direction, and may not easily be disturbed in their prevent position, unless the allies are capable of cutting off their supplies at the Isthmus of Perekop, or to ma 4 diversion from Eupatoria, The greatest probability is that a blow will be aimed at the Russian positions from Eupatoria, whither four French divisions have already one, and-to which artillery—and especially cavalry— ave recently been ordered in considerable numbers, To advance on the Russian posit! from Eupatoria, how. ever, requires at leasi 30,000 horses, independent of those used by the cavalry, The provisions of the advancing army will have to be carcied in great part on horses’ or mules’ backs, escorted by masses of cavalry, for the Ras- slans have laid waste the whole country before them, and have a very large force of light cavalty—insuficient, to be sure, to raise the siege of a fortress or to attack fortified positions—but admirably caleulated to sieze #u !+ denly upon convoys, and to hang on the flanks of an ad- vancing or retreating army. The horses required may ve procured in Turkey and the many countries tributary to the Sultan; but time will be required for shipping them. Fight thousand cavalry aud ten thourand horses are preparing to sail from Mar- seilles and other cavalry troops (hussars and lancers) are ready to follow them. The French and English are burning to meet the Russians in the open field, but the warfare of the Russians is not to risk an opoa battle, bat rather to weary the enemy by resistanse Wehind forth Dility just now, a portion of the Neapolitan army, whose business heretofore has been to act against inolfensive citizens, will find a more suitable employment. Sweden and Denmark in the north of Europe would long ago have joined the allies in earnest, had a decisive blow been struck in the Baltic, which would have given the Scandi- naviap the assurance that after the conclusion of peace they bad nothing to fear trom Russian aggres: sion, As France and England have now succeeded in arming pretty much the whole of South-western Europe ins: Russia, so will they undoubtedly succeed with ie Scandinavian league, should there be another spring and summer campaign. The position of Spain is approaching that of utter de- pendency on France and England, which protect not only ber European possersions, but “also her colonies Spain being now an allied power, France and England will show some em ement in fulfilling the duties of allies toward her. The island of Cuba may now be con sidered under French and English protection. The conse- quences of that new position of things you are better able to explain to the million of readers of the Henaup than myre! ‘As a preliminary step towards the final emancipation of all the negroce in the West India Islands, we t onsider the speech from the throne of the King of the Netherlands, He there expressed his hope that slavery would be made to disappear from all Dutch possessions, and both Chambers, the first anithe second, in their reply to the King’s speech in the shape of an aldrese reiterated the views of the sovereign. Spain will son be the only European country which tolerates slavery in her possessions, and with the democratic tendencies of the xew government, and the force of public Cee in Europe, it is easy to forsee that the days of slavery in Cuba are numbered. This is @ matter of infinitel, eater importance than that of Central America, whic! Ir. proposes to settle in London. Let him come home by all means, and all other diplomatic func- tionaries of Mr. Pierce with him. They are all so com- prom®ted by their past conduct that none of them c. do apy good to his country. F. JG. Our Munich Correspondence. Music, Sept. 24, 1855. Russia without an Ally—The War of German Newssia- pers—Continuation of the Feud between Prussia and Aus- tria—Germany Paralyzed—The Peculiar Condition of Prussia since 1812—Mediation of German Princes—The Power and Uses of the Germanic Confederation—A Warning to all Confeteracies—Military Organization of Prussia—Influences of Prussia as a European Power on the Wane—The Booty at Scbastopol—Spain, Cuba and the AlliccomThe Government and People of Naples. It would appear as if the Russians, since the fall of Se- bastopol, had not a single ally in Germany. Even Prus- sia, which, since 1812, has been a Russian handmaid, is now praising the neutrality of Germany, as the normal condition of the common Fatherland, I have already written you that, for the first time since 1848, the demo- crats of Prussia have again reappeared asa party. The ministerial journals, especially those which represent the opinion of M. de Manteuffel, are satisfied with represent- ing their antagonists as the ‘‘ war” party, and the King of Prussia and his advisers as the party of “peace.” The emoerats, on the other hand, velieve that it is time to put down the men who, par excellence, represent Russian views in Germany, and especially in Prussia, for which reason their organs call themselves spezifically the ene- mies of the Aveuz-Zeitung, the well known ultra Russian organ published at Berlin, As I shall presently quit Ger- many for France, Italy and, perhaps, Spain, I shall here take occasion to give you a summary of her political con- figuration at this crisis, You will see from it that the Germanic confederation, at this moment, and for some time to come, is nothing but a cipher—that is, it lacks both courage and power to take part in the present war, and that its weight, even in the bare scale of diplomacy, is zero. Germany, collectively, might have had @ vast influence on the solution of the Oriental problem, but bas thrown away her chance, and is again reduced to the position of a waiter on Providence. Austria and Prussia continue their feuds. It is sufli- cient for the people in Berlin to know what is popular in Vienna, to pronounce it anti-Prussian and revolutiona:y; and it is only necessary for the powers in Vienna to know what is deemed patriotic m Berlin, in order to denoun™ ftas “Russian,” “Old Prussian,” or “anti-national ‘The German governments are as much divided by the pre- sent war as those of Italy. As a goneral thing, every Uberal in Germe ssian, and the same may be said of the Italians asa people. Austria, which has lost 48,000 men by cholera, and two hundred and fifty mil- lions of dollars in consequence of her Western alliance, and which is still expending large sums in the occupation of tne Danubian Principalities, has, through Prussian en deprived of in the shape of th divisio Veet smark the po ty=—of German} ¢ or below, the States of bed in their slumber. (as a European State) can e No German Power but Austri: take a part either ip the p:esent war or in the negotia- tions for peace, without leading to war or confusion within. It is probable, however, that the war has deen conducted without consulting Prassi«, and without the king of Prussia having acted any other part than that of brcther-inlaw to the Czar, peace (not immeti- ately, but perhaps towards the close of 1856) will be concluded without consulting either the pleasure or otherwise of — Prussia. it can it be toat if any bumilfation overteke Rassia as a European Pov: er, Prussia should not share it with her. Russia and Prassia have acted together for a se:ies of years, the alliance having commenced with Frederic the Great, and resulted generaily in the creation of a separate Prussian i oreign, or opposed to that of Germany. TI ¢ Prussia, especially in the Ruenish provine have always been opposed to the family pol.ies of their sovereign: but the nobility, and a portion of the army, have always been Russian {n their feelings a ¢ In all their mantfestations of life. J: is fortumaie for be Western Powers that Prussia is poor—thi detacued from Cermany and from German sympathies, she is far frem being a great Power—that nothing but her military organization secures her position in the European Pen. tarchy. ‘The strength of this military organization, how- ever, lies not in the regular army in the field, but in ‘.¢ Lanviwehr, composed of citizens who have served in the army, and may be summoned at any time to defend thor country. In ‘@ defensive war, for ‘a good ani patrio"tc cause, Which shall rouse the enthusiasm of the peop 9, Prussia, through her Landwhr, could act as a Powe. if the first rank, and so ehe could in conj jon with ot :- er Powers; bat Prussia by herself, not favored by a particular political constellation, pitted either agai vst france, Austria or England, would not be able to sus:.in the relations of a power of the first rank, ‘The military power of Prussia, in spite cf the choly examples of Jena anc staedt, has, siace been prodigiously overra'ed, as was that of Russia. it was the figures which fimpoe1on civilized Europe, and the enthusiaem with which the army was supposed to sustain the throne. The year 1848, however, has Restroye? ‘that tl- jusion. It is is now a notorious fact that the Landwehr and the army differ very materially in their views about Rus- sian diplomacy, and that a war for or with Russia, would not command the resources v! the country, or enable the King to act as the sovereign of a great nation. Bat even if “his people in arms,” as the K ing was pleased to call the Prussians, were to follow him to a ian ina war undertaken solely for the interest of his family, his suc- cess, even as aguinst the smaller Powers of Germany, combined against him, would be a mater of great doubt. Ina struggle against Austria, as the latter power is now organized, V'ruseia would gain no laurels, Sach a war would bing France and R into action, and, peshaps, terminate the carcer of Prussia as a great Power. The intluence of As a European power, since the last treaty of Paris (1815) was undoubtedly due to her being a part of the hely alliance of Prussia, Austria and Russia: but especially to her close relationship to the Crmr. ‘The Prussian’ army was looked upon as the van guard of the Cossacks, Where Prassia stood, then it wis well known that the Cossack was oot far off. The King of Prussia, theugh at the head of a military people, pre- ferred to hold the stizrups to Fraperor Nicholas, rather than mount on horseback with “his people in arms.” ‘The interna! government of Prussia was ade matter of family consultation with the Cyr, who, at K. so far as to advise his | brother-in-law to abdicate the crown, Notwithstanding this and other humiliations to which the sovereign of Prussia was expo fications and to retreat slowly toward the interior, des perial sutecrat, Prussia Rossia w ig everything they leave behind. in opposing and putting down te liberal aspirations of Emperor Alexander, of Russia, who is now at | Germany. The grouns which Austria lost im Germany Odessa, bas, i recent speech, alluded to the confingra- | in 1848 and 1849, was rapidly ocoupied by Prussia, tion of Moscow, tibing that world-event to the heroism of Count Rostoptschin, although the latter, more desi- rons of the reputation ‘of a General thin of a Scythian ea as far back as 1823, published a pamphlet in Pai which he clearly proved that the Russian go- vernment had no interest in burning its capital. [the history of the Russian campaign of 1811-12, by Admiral Tehieschegof, which will soon appear in public, will ssed additional light on this often misrepresented subjers.) Be this as it may, certain it is that the conflagra’ion of Moscow bears no sii rity to the burning of Sebasto- pol. Sebastopol is at the veriest extremity of the R sian empire; Moscow is in its very contro, The great army of Napoleon was cut off from its supplies, had no communi :ation with the ea, and experienced a winter which, since 1811, has not been known in any port of Burope. Above all things, Napoleon had no other allics but these whom he had pressed into the service and who were ready to leave him on the first euitable occasion while there is no danger now that England, the new ally of France, who is worth all the allies Nopolson could count, apon at Moscow, will not be willing w go wherever tit Emperor Louis Napoleon willdead them. In short, the conflagration of Moscow, ag appliel to the allies, is no paralle atall. It is indeed far move ap- plicable to the Russians themselves, who are now « pying the northern forts of Sebastopol. eat off fro r SS a ti Be Eee) cee anne sich aan SLM RA A A OTE RENE ee _—<—$ $$ $$$ $$ $$ eee and when, in 1852, the success of the counte- revelation became an estebiished fact, Prassia shared uo small por- tion of the credit. then bestowed by the reactionary par- ty.on Russia, The Oriental imbreplic found Prussia firmly allied with Russia—not, indeed, reedy to act offensively with her, Lut ready to apologise for her conduct «& d> tracailler VAllemegne, Tt is, perbaps, significant that the French popular {diem calls a bootless job travailler pour la roi dle Prusve (working for the King’of Prussia), ” Prassia was the literary ally of Russia, It defended the cause of the Czar in the newspapers, It counteracted the Austrisn influence at the Diet of Frankfort, endeavored, though fruitlessly, to take « partin the Vienna conferences, and connived at the manufacure of arms and ammunition by Prussian suljects for Russian account. These were substantial services, considering that the Chambers and the people had taken sides against Rassin, and they were rendered wihout the elightest prospect of reward. They weakened Prussia in Germeny, and opened an account current, to be settied at some future period, with France, If Russia had come out unscathed from the present struggle, «be, that was strong enough to with: stand France and England. could not be placed on an eouality with Pro he could only establish in re- fard to her the relation of patron and: client, Now ‘bat the cause ef the Western Powers je in the ageend- communication with the ocean, and lable to be oa aut it stance to reason that the patronage of Russia from their supplies at the [sthmns of lerekop. peteod te the power of Pravela and that ehe euf- indeed requir h te on the part ¢ ers from her e) connexicn Gortechakoff to save bie being overpe nbrance and Prussia there never existed any mem og and from velog sta ‘The few ematl eet ary Molly between the pov- ? ges which the Ryrriant pow yin the Crimes are , © if not absolutely inimical towards her; while Austria his ® care to watch every opporti to strike a blow on her herediti rival. the most sensible lose ig that which Prussia hes sustained io pa euivlet, Ske is, aeI have said above, on only as far as she represents the leading 0} o of Germany, and when and people act in unison, the army requires nothing but the word of its command- er to be put in motion; the Land-wehr (similar te our militia, only trained and used to regular service.) ar educated class of men, who have themselves too great & stake in the national weal to be indifferent 0 the cause they are fight! gether, i take this to is not altogether impossible that the present war may so far destroy her influence on European politics, as to ex- os her’ permanently from the councils of the great owers, As to the smaller States of Germany, they are already mediatized—that is, they exist no longer as sovereiga Powers, except so far ag relates to the relation of the princes to their respective subjects. -Thé Germanic Con- rederatioa, which was to unite them fato a great, bomo- geneous whole, has shown its capacity to hinder any one of the States composing the Confederation from taking a decisive part ina st political emergency. But it has not exhibited the est capability of stimulating them to joint action, nor it created in the German miod those sentiments of union and power which alone could render such action successful, If Austria were to de- clare war against Russia, or place an ariny of 150,000 men at the disposition of the Allies, she might, perhaps, secure a portion of the spoils, establish her power in the Principalities, and become, ifnot master, at least leader, of Gemany, In short, such is the position of the German States now, that none of the German princes can play a conspicuous part, and that Austria alone representy tie representative spirit of that magnificent garland of Kingdoms and Principalities which extends from the Rhine to the Danube, and from the foot ofthe Alps to the Northern Ocean. What a lesson this, to all confederations whose members sacrifice the national spirit and consideration, to local interests and sectional jealousies! Germany united, was strong enough to say to Russia, * you shall not crovs the Pruth,”” and to England and Franee, « your fet mus? not pass the Dar- daneller.”” Instead of that, the question which agitated Germany was whether Prassian or Austrian interest shall predominate with the members of the Diet, and the conse- ‘quence was that the time for action has past to return no more. The next step may be that Germany will be called upon to defend herself. f ‘The booty atSebastopc] seems to be immense, as you will see by the telegraphic despatches of General Pelis- sier, It really seems as if Russia had there concentrated the materials for subjugating the world, Emperor Nicholas must have thought that while France was weakened by revolutionary struggles, England engaged in the manufacture of calico, and Germany sleeping or dreaming, the time had arrived for accumulating those immense ‘military stores and materials with which his countlers legions were to re-establish the Byzantine Em- pire. Russia is now further removed from Constantinople than Catherine I. wae, when her lover Potemkin con- quered the Crimea, All that time Austria was conniving atthe Ban apei< nat Joseph J. bad himselfa notion to acquire the Principalities, which are now occupied by ‘Austrian troops. The polfey of Austria has since beep more timid; but she has bad more luck. Tdoubt much whether England and France would gain their object by establishing independent governmen's in Walladiea and Bulgaria. As Austrian provinces these Principalities would be #0 much weight against Russia. Wallachia, Bulga- ia, Bosnia and Servia, left to themselves, will always Qo hearths of Russian diplomatic intrigues; placed under Austrian protection, they would hardly increase the wer of that government, which in Italy and Germany fas given suflicient hostages for its good conduct toward England and France. AlLI have written you about Spain has been verified. The very first project of law which will be submitted to the Cortes at their next session will be the arming of 30,000 men (at first only 25,000 men were demanded), as auxiliary corps for the Western Powers. If Spain fur- nishes such an army to the allies, it follows necesarily that England and France must guarantee her the posses- sion of her colonies and the integrity of her territory, The former is the chief consideration for the United States. What still remains of the Cuban agitation in the United States, including the stump oratory of the redoubtable Jefferson Davis, E. now what the French call aprés coups. Tt is not even a coup de théatre. ‘The difficulties between Naples and France, as well as those between Naples and England, are settled for the present by the removal of two of the Neapolitan Minie- ters. There is, however, nothing sincere or permanent in this reconciliation. Naples—that is to say, the gov- ernment of Naples—hates the allies and dieads them, while England and France have scarcely any measure for their loathing of that lateral branch of the Bourbons, Sooner or later a blow will be struck. Certain it is, that neither England nor France will prevent or put down a revolution in the Sicilies, F. J. G. , Gur Vienna Correspondence, Viewna, Oct. 1, 1855, New Political Question in Germany—Proposed Change in the Federative System—The Mission of M. Prokesch—The Russian Proctivities of Austria Betrayed in the Conduct of her Government Towards the Pres—Victer Emanuel end the Church Party in Sardinta—Curious Speculations Regarding the Untimely Deaths of his Fumily. I believe that I mentioned in my letter, last week, that German affairs are at present occupying the attention of the Austrian government, and that the Emperor's visit to his grand uncle ih Styria is believed to be connected with the new measures which it is proposed to adopt. Everything, indeed, tends at the present moment to the rise of a new great question in Germany. Yoar readers are aware that Prince Schwarzenberg, while holding the reins of government in 1860, made a promise in the name of the Imperial Court that he would set about measures for the purpose of reforming the organization of the Con- federate Assembly, as arranged in the year 1814. Though this promise was made in accordance with the wishes of the German nation in generel, the qnestion,has Ween for several years totelly buried in oblivion, the Oriental question having engrossed the attention of Ger many no less than that of the Western Powers. Matters are, however, now about to undergo a change. The king: acm of Wurtemberg a short time since began to move in the German question, and Bavaria is at the present mo ment following her example. Hanover and other German States are expected alnost immediately to follow in the course which bas been thus commenced, and Austria ‘Deing bound ag she is by the promise made in 1850, can not refuse with any degree of grace to bring the affair before the notice of the Bund. It ia understood to be the wishes of the German States that the exclusive repre- sentation of the Courts should be done away, and that the several peoples should send representatives to vote at the Confederate Assembly. It is impossible to say to what this may lead, Various rumors of different descriptions have been 1 here respecting the object of M. Prokesch’s mission ails. It appears, indeed, certain that his journey eeply connected with political causes, though 1 trom the most trustworthy sources, sion. However this may of )jects have met was have been informe that he received no definite mi: be, it is perfectly sire that n with success. The article which since in the colurans of the Consiitutionnel dispels ail Coubts as to the probability of peace being concluted at present, and France appears to be too busy to be incline? to mix herrelf up in the intricate complications of Ger- man affairs. The ratification of the treaty between Spain and ie Western Powers, and the adhesion of a fifth party to : cause of the allies, has in some degree taken aback 1 :¢ Russian party in this city. It is, however, inno way probable that Austria will be induced, by any advantages guined by the allied coalition over the soldiers of the Czar, to arsume en active part in the war. Austria feels no gus amount of confidence in France, and has no great eire to see England raised at the expense of Russia. If her policy has of late undergone any Cee it has rather turned in favor of Muscovy; in proof of which, I need only mention the fact that the Wanderer received a notice last week threatening it with the severest penalties ifit did not change {ts tone. The Wanderer, as your rea :- ers doubtless know, is one of the two paperswhich have remained throughout favorable to the cause of the allies. ‘The talent with which its articles are written causes it to possess no small degree of influence, for the liberality of its principles has long made it an object of dislike to the cvernment here. It is somewhat remarkable, that on the very same day on which a written notice was sent to the Wanderer, the following sentence CU ipreed in the Austrian Gacelte, a journal of a semi-official character :— ‘ Whoever is in the least acquainted wigh the actual po- sition of affairs, knows that the newspapers of Vienna are entirely uninfluenced by the authorities.” Your readers will doubtless experience some difficulty in reconciling this statement with the fact recorded above, and will be Jed to form a somewhat indifferent opinion with respect to the straightforward conduct of the Austrian government. However this may be, Russian views are at the present time advocated with an openness and freedom which seem to inoieate anything rather than increasing friend- ship towards the allies. ‘the bape Ms Victor page Lng of Corte, who has been euffering severely for some time past, appears to have sxpertznsea a oe for the better, though, if we can trust the Gazette, of Vienna, his Majesty has been much more seriously fll than has been generally sup- posed. Suspicions of the very gravest character are be- ginning to be mooted here respecting the strange mor- tality which has visited the royal house of Sardinia wita- in the last two years. Victor uel has, within this Ynlef period, foflowed to the grave the corpse of his wife, his mother, his brother, and two of his children, and is now himself lying stretched on a bed of sickness. The Listory of Italy is unhappily too full of the fatal records of “monkish revenge’ to allow the picions which Imve once been proved easily to be swept away. Men re- call to mind the tragical end of Henry Vil. of Luxe: burg, who was poisoned at the very eteps of the altar, while kneeling to drink the sacramental wine, and draw a parallel between the present an’ the past. Other instances are not wanting In which vindictive lurking beneath the folds of the monastic cowl, have worked their ends by the knife of the assassin or the surer agency of a pelsoned cup. Victor Fmanuel has rendered Heasslt hos. tile te the more bigoted portion of the Romich prieet- hood by his liberal views, and his bold regulations, espe- cially ‘im regard to ministerial life, and there is too much reason to fear that these fen) fein which are adualiy oozing out before the world have for a basis, in bis case at least, a foundation of justice, M. Tereiré has left Vienna for Paris, and it is generally understood that his negotiations have led to no satisfac- tory rerult, the proposals just made by the house of Rothschild having been preferred by the Austrian go- vernment. ‘The elrenlar between Austria and the Porte has been ratified during the week, and the Holy ee has expressed ite intention nfeonterring the cardinal’s hat on M Rape: cher, Arebbisbop of Vienna. in token of its estimation of the valuable services of that gentleman, Their excel- lencles Count Buol and Barcn Bach have returned to Viewna, end the Court {s expected fp the middle of the bogiaud Law also grown ovid, 4 Batb, ‘Verena, Sept. 30, 1855, he Proposed Line of Steamers between Trieste and New York—Opinionsof the Austrian Press pro and ton— Interesting Article om the Subject from the Pen of Mr. Warrens, formerly American Consul at Irieste—The Im- mense National Advantages of the Project to both Coun- tries Demonstrated—Important Questions of Citizenship Letween the United States and <Austria—Nevessity of Action on the Part of the American Government. ‘There appears to be a great variety of opinions enter- tained in Austria upon the subject of the desirability of establishing a direct line of steamcommunication be- tween Trieste and New York or other ports of the United States. Some of our leading journals have taken an ex- ceedingly active part in the discussion of this interesting topic. The Oesterreichische Zeitung, of which journal Mr, Féward Warrens is at once the proprietor and the ta- lented chief editor, and who was formerly the American Consul at Trieste, takes the lead in strongly recommend- wg the speedy adoption of the cleverly digested plan of Chs. F. Loosey, Esq., the Austrian Consul-General at New York, anda very able correspondence from New York, which the es erreichitche Zeitung publishes, sup- porting this plan by arguments well worthy of the atlen- tion of enlightened national economists. It says, and says truly, that ‘The project in question would simultaneously render the most important services in promoting at once direct commercial relations be- tween Italy, Spain, Turkey, the whole of the Levant, Algiers, &e., &c., and the United States of America and the Austrian flag would, by this means, acquire a sig- nificance on the Atlantic ocean hitherto unknown.”? Mr. Warrens has published an exceedingly interesting article, in which he introduces the subject in question, by re- ferring to the rapid and wonderful developement of the maritime interests ef England and America, especially since the year 1844, proving, by statistical data, that their commercial wealth and power at the present mo- ment are chiefly attributable thereto. In treating of the project of connecting New York and Trieste bya regular line of steam packets, which Charles F. Losey, Esq., has the full credit of having started, the writer says that the merchants and traders of Vienna greatly approve of it and deem its early realization of immense importance, only considered as the most efficacious means of promot. ing the commerce of Austria with America. But the plan itself is understood to be by far more comprehensive, and its general significancy is immensely enhanced by the fact that it comprises the idea of connecting, di- rectly and indirectly, by a regular communication, the ports of the Adriatic and the Mediterranean, and even thoee on the other side of the Isthmus ot Suez ani the Dardanelles, with New York, and respectively with the whole of the northern continent with the West Inties and Central America. By the realization of this com- prehensive plan a mighty impulse would be given to the extension hike dasiean commeoseiel navy, which would create @ new epoch in the commercial history of this country. Many nations and territories would thus be Drought into a rapid and regular intercourse with America. The postal communication, also, would be im- proved, and cease to be burthened with the transit charges which now exist between Austria and America, via Liverpsol and the North of Europe. The numerous travellers from the United States to the Levant and the far Fast would reach their destination by a direct route more expeditiously and more conveniently, whilst the commerce in the rich industrial and natural products of the countries on the shores of the Mediterranean and the Levant would rapidly attain a degree ofdeve‘opement ofwhich the world bas but an inadequate conce; tion at present. As it cannot be denied that the East is rapidly progressing towards a great commercial future, 80 also there can be no doubt that thesame ney ay and ought to be powerfully promoted and hastened on by the estab- lishment of the new line of steam communication in ques- tion. This article winds up by the assertion that Mr. Lorsey’s grand project has been exceedingly ap- proved of by all sound political economists in America, and that its early realization is anxiously looked forward to on your side of the Atlantic, More or less in reply to this article in the Oesterreichische Zeitung, the JVanderer, another extremely well con- ducted Vienna paper haa come forward with # sober state- ment of hard matters of fact, by which it proves that how- ever desirable the establishment of a regular lne of steamers between Tri:ste and New York may be, the pro- ject in question would doubtless be a losing aliair. This writer contends that the shipping interest and the gen- eral commerce of Trieste have their logilimate and most advantageous gravitation in the cultivation of its intercourse with the Levant and the generally, and that it would be premature—nay, unwise—to attempt to force the developement of the Austrian maritime com- merce into any other direction, at least for the present. The following da'a are also given ty/prove that the under: taking in question would be a losing concern to begin with, whilst on the other hand, the genetal commercia! iuter- ests of Austria would be very little promoted thereby; the more so as the amount of the exports from Austria to America falls so infinitely short of the amount of ‘the imports from then:e, that the idea of being able to establish anything like a ‘‘fair balance’ of trade” between the two countries, however easential, must be regarded ag altogether impracticable, As the following ical dato, upon which these arguments are built, may be interesting to your readers, I here eubjoin them? The exports,from all Aus- The importa from the United trian ports tothe United States at the Austrian States, armounted to in ports, amounted to in 1838... e+e $885,813 1848 +$1,701,495 409;178 1849. .' 942,489 467,601 1850 ,179,893 ST 21285,573 2/408, 1.2, 2062,484 whether Ame- rican produce may not often be more advantageously bought through the instrumentality of intermediate com- mission houses, than at the very source of production; and £0, vice versa, that Austrian manufactures may frequent y be had’ cheaper at the staple places out of Austria, than by direct purchases in Austria. ‘This feature is explained by the fact that whilst at the places of production the commodity is not unfre- quently scarce and dear, at other , where lary stocks are almost always on band, the. macvele fe the same commodities are glutted, and from a temporary lack of demand the prices are proportionally cheaper. Finally, the Tricster Zeitung published an article this week, the pith of which is, that the idea of establishing a regular line of steamers from Trieste to New York aay be very praiseworthy, and even excellent, in its various bear- inge, but that the time for its advantageous realization has not yet come, and, according to the views of the writer, appears to be tolerably distant. a geverally are similar to thoe contained in the Wanderer; but he adds that the notion of calling upon the home gevernment fora large subsidy in support of the under- bord with s special view to the establishment of an im- proved mode of postal communication between the two countries, is impracticable cannot be entert 3 because iis results would always prove inadequate to the sactifices demanded. From the foregoing you will observe that the much talked-of plan of esiablishing @ direct line of steamers between Trieste and New York has but lit le chance of a ecy realization, un! indeed the matter be taken in hand by the Americans themselves. Termit me now to call your attention to another sub- ject of no less interest to Americans by birth than to ‘American citizers by adoption. Of late years it has fre- quently happened that Austrian subjects have e ted to the United States, and bave there become legally pos- sessed of the rights of American citizenship, without its being deemed necessary by the laws of your country to inquire whether such Austrian subjects have @ right, according to the laws of Austria, to ac- cept the same. The comsequagce is that many of these Austro-American citizens, it may be, — in ignorance of the laws of their original country, have returned to Austria after a lapse of years, to setile some family affairs, or to visit their relations and friends in this country, not doubting for a moment that in their adopted character of American citizens, they would be able to return to the United States when liked. Now, this is not the case, and I presume you would be rendering the public on the other side of the Atlantic a great service by cautioning all ci-devant Austrians not to Teturn to their native hcl Brig er any pretext whatso- ever, as it 18 an indubitable that they dare not cal- culate w being allowed to leave the Austrian empire again, when once they have so returned. The Anstrian goverr ment obstinately refuses to ise her subjects ‘as American citizens unless the acceptance of such an ‘acquired citizenship has been Rreviourly sanctioned by the Austrian authorities. At very time there is a case in point, of a very heartrending nature. A native of Presburg emigrated to America (with or without leave I know not,) many years ago. In course of time in the United States, became a man of aubstance, and re ceived American citizenship. Some time he re- solved to visit bis its and other relatives at Presburg, where he now detained upwards of five months, as the authorities will not 9e hia claims upon American protection, and refused to return him his passport, although the American Minister here has done his utmost to enable this very respectable indi- vidual to return to the United States, where he is carry- ing on a large business, and has all his property invest- ed. Of course, he is quite ‘at large,’ at Presbarg, but allowed to go out of the country rd to another species of polit convicted by the Austrian police uj charge of “high treason.’’ The man is still in ‘‘durance vile,’ and according to the Austrian laws bis preparatory trial is bet ‘The prisoner tad laid to his chi , but with any living have been |g to understand that ‘tection of the American Minister here, at least in #0 far poe tears ser cree bes yo Tag a bags oped mM Decessary to insure a ‘ trial, it . jackson, the American Minister resident at Vienna, hae till been unable to bring the influence of his interference bear. Ufficially he can only communicate with the trian Foreign Office, and the affair in question is one pertains to the Ministry of Peliee; and must be clearly understood. tha fectly independent of the other, separately responsible for the acts na D) reliant in Austria are amenable to the laws of Aus- tria, and these laws ‘no interference in the in- ternal a eetintion ef lertce.ce the FA of a forei Power. On the other hand, the Au authorities always decline to interfere on behalf of Austrian subjects coder ‘adjudication for crime in other countries. ullarities in the absolute constitution of A: iri, oxreces, ‘are probably not sufficiently known in the Unit States. J ba’ thought proper to allude to this case, which, it may be presumed, at present forms the endject of an upplearant correspondence between the reepective governments, and renders the political rela- tions between the two countries anything put alvanta- gece, lumny— Miscarriage ‘The Carlists—Defeat of a Body of Queen's Troops—T' Democrats Awake—The Arrests of Important Men— The dey of the re-opening of the sessions of the Con- stituent Cortes is at hand. ‘The deputies are already most of them here, and the summons of tie Chamber was j issued two days since. N’ body exists her@/who has not | his eyes fixed on the day after to-morrow, for the situa tion of the country is larining, and the conduct of minis ters is not at all satisfactory. Everybody thinks it is very important that the should come together, and that thelabors of the ayfm- Derless committees charged with the draft of laws-@n4 preparation of measures should be laid before them, > This political machine does not work, it is out of gear; it is broken in parts; it is clumsy; it bas been repaired unskillfully; nobody knows how to manage it; and many are at work to impede its being managed at all, We hall see what plans of salvation the Assembly wel adopt. Ido not hope for much from them, A part ure worn out pasty backs ans politicians, and others are so completely green and ignorant of ing pertaining to government, that it ix pretty easy guessing that they willdo about what they cid beiore—nothing in parti- cular. Meant nh awe 5 a Susphyteneag. ne Lalit ms are pu their money and guarding against Bes Sentakialt thoy Dellavealvendy sues come goon. Theres a kigd ot prophetic, iltat-ease sort of feeling througout the country—the undoubted precursor of some new and great change in political and social affairs. © One of the grave questions which has arisen in these #18 on accoent of an article wulch. appeared in the “Spanish Lion,” Meo stated in a wae pair | we een had miscarried in consequence 2 sut- fered from her Cabiaet by cutee he to sign the de- crees for the new arrangement, of Such an accusation, coming from a miserable litile newspaper, one of the organs of the moderado party, prod alarm in all minds, and the government, stepping ‘over the ‘law for printing,” caused the editor of the paper to be conducted to prison to answer for such an atrocious calumny. This editor ia now under the grasp of the law, ‘and the ministers and all sensible people are interested in the chastisement of one who cot abuse thus one of the dearest fleges of liberty, viz.: that of free print- ing. itis clear that this calumay was invented by the moderados, and to prove that it was acalumny, it suffices to i that everybody believed the Queen to be in good | when it was printed. Some days afterwards, it is true that the situation of her Mojesty appeared to confirm the statement, and on the 25th instant the miscarriage was officially published. She is now getting on very well, although her return to Madrid has been suayended by prohibition of the physi- cians for the present, avd she remains at the Escurial. ‘The Queen approved ano signed, spontaneously and sincerely, the reform ot her servants, conviuc- ed of ity she was in of separating from her side persons not of the progresista party. At least we are told so by the inisters and mem- bers of the progresista party, and we all try to believe it, But her husband, that king in name, who to his absolutist tendencies and his Bourbon instincts adds the circumstance of being uncer the influence of tho apostolical clergy, has been sudly displeased that the per- sons whom he in his immediate service should be | taken away from him. He, however, I am happy to say, has not miscarried, and as he is not of much importance any way, let him bear the burden of the story, and our beloved Queen be saved from the imputation of having had preferences of her own. The Caviists continue their incursions al ; renées, in spite of the French police. The Carlist Clul j in Paris, works hard and sends on considerable sums of | money to the chiefs, There is no denying that these | rtizans are tenacious and valiant, and worthy to de- fend a better cause than that of the self-styled Don Car- Jos Vi, and the Spantslt clergy, ax brutal and cor- rupt as’ they are demoralized. It behooves the govern- ment to keep after this beginning of a Carlist war with a. very sharp stick, and the troops must look wild and not falY into ambuscades as they did last week; because though the government has not told the truth about it, . 1 is certain that the Carlists bave surprised a detach- ment of troops and defeated them, biliing many and mak- ing many prisoners. e democrats are also wide awake. The socialist clubs are active, and some deputies to the Cortes are © known to have been present at some of them, ‘The police have caught some of the distributors offool- ish mations; and the prisoners have: made some fons from Which other more important persons have been arrested and thrown into prison, the Py- The loan been subscribed voluntarily to the amount of $9,000,000. $2,000,000 is, therefore, -the amount to be by foree. The foolish sort of government exercised by General Crespo in the Phillipine Islands has made it necessary to remove him. The gcvernment has taken possession of the archives and records of the Tribunal of the Rota and shut up the court. This was a tribunal of the Pope’s, concerning ecclesiastical affairs. — » Matters concerning Cuba and Americs are motionless. Nobody hears or sees anything concerning them. Mr. | Dodge, the American Minister, has just returned here — from the Escurial. We don’t know whether that has any political signification, but we rather imagine not. That _ gentleman seews to pass pretty much unperceived. It may Ve something very deep ts guing on, but nobod: seems to have any apprehensions. I am disposed to thi this Minister {s resolved to live among us quietly, with his amiable family, enjoy his pay perquisites, and leave all questions of @ doubtful nature on one side fur the present. We shall certainly be grateful to him if he does. We are a people averse to having any trouble with anybody, and we like particularly not to have anybody trouble us. EL CID. The Revolationists of Europe. MANIFESTO OF MAZZINI, KOSSUTH, AND. LEDRU ROLLIN TO THEIR BRETHREN IN FAITH. ‘The town of Sebastopol has fallen. The war between the Western governments and the Cezar is now irrevoca- Vie and prolonged indefinitely. Russia, after a defeat, capnct consent to conditions without descending to the rank of a third-rate Power, and the Allied Powers, in face of the excited public opinion which sees in an incident of war a decided victory, cannot propose a breed without. onerous conditions. The fall of Sebastopol is then for us nothing but the first period of a war, of which the last should belong to the » Forany one who looks beyond the surface of things, and does not assume his inspirations trom the small events of the enemy’s field, but in the general tendency of the war and from the duty of the nations, who until now have been mute and mo- tionless, nothing is changed. It isin the name of this duty that we now speak. A battle won—a town losat— for one or the other cannot change this duty. It seems to us that the moment has arrived for the democracy of Europe in a powerful unity, and din, an act before the enemy, and we assume to say to our brethren of all countries—with the authority which is given to us, not of ourselves, but in the certitude that we ae what is now living and raging in the heart of the people—on the knowledge of the present conditions, assuaged from intelligenoe ‘collected fom all sages given 10 fee carte of Karepere’ eerie ant to s given to the cause in liberty, io Eo “inst Getermination, as we exe; mot to fall our brethren fir ever. they respond {6 our call. It ts indispensable for to concen- Ca Outposts: peepee yp we ae our on the first awakening Leesan what nee awakening will that be? ist last six years teaches us. unity shall be established in day the supreme rated by the war fou is why we speak. t until now at this moment, immature a few months ago, at war. Lorie illustons have now vanished, and serious forescen by few, have now to every one. The sphere of princi tion for all.’” cy re still more, ph this it war time has it to light two it facts, to which i ee oe attent The first is the foree of the revolut! its very enemies, In Si Nie of 1702, attacked at with means and with rei enemy from { fea abroad the words of liber ed ty, and fenpded lneting civil institutions. In two years den poli ama constitutional mouerchy in