The New York Herald Newspaper, October 12, 1855, Page 1

THE NEW YORK WHOLE NO. 6984. MORNING EDITION—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1855. THE ARCTIC EXPEDITIONS. ARRIVAL OF THE RELEASE AND ARCTIC, SAFE RETURN OF DR. KANE. ABANDONMENT OF THE ABVANCE INTHE ICE, Highly Interesting Narratives of Dr. Kane, Dr. Hayes, Mr. Sontag and Mr. Bonsell, Officers of the Expedition. THE GREAT OVER-ICE JOURNEY. Splendid Soirees Dansantes in the Arctic Regions. BEAUTIFUL GIRLS IN BEAR SKINS AT DISCO ISLAND, ‘Bountiful Coal Mines at Har- bor Island. Interview Between Dr. Hane and Mr. H. Grinnell. DISCOVERY OF NEW CAPES, BAYS AND SEAS, Aimmeme leeberg, Five Hundred Feet High and Eighty Mlics Long. ‘The Efforts to Discover the Northwest Passage. ‘The Atmospheric Phenomena of the World, &e., &e., ko. The Hartstein Expedition, cousiettng of the screw steamer Artic and salling vessel Release, which left this port four monthsago in search of Dr. Kane and his party, returned to New York yesterday afternoon amd anchored off the Battery. It {s gratifying to ndd that the expedi- tion was successful in tts mission: Dr. Kane and his sur- viving companions were brought safely home by Capt, Hartstein. The Kane Expedition left New York, in the brig Ad vance, on the 31st of May, 1853, umier the command of Dr, Kane, U. 8. N., in search of Sir Jobm Franklin. The ames of the gallant officers and screw of the Advance were as follows:— Dr. Elisha K. Kane, Passed Assistant Surgeon of the United States Navy, in command, having been detailed by the Deperiaeat for this special service. J. Wall Wilson, sailing master, United States Navy. Henry Brooks, first officer, do, James McGarry, second officer, do. Amos Honsa third ofhces, do, Te Je surgeon, do. Christian ‘Olivera, carpenter. ist fontag, astronomer. Henry Gookfellow, assistant astronomer. ‘Wm. Morton, steward. Peter Shepard, cook. George Stephenson, seaman. Jefferson T. Parker, do. ‘George J. Whittel, do. \ E, Godfrey, do. "ateg, dos ‘The only public letter received trom the expedition during its .sbsemce came to ihe ofice of the New York Bena, and was dated in July of 1853, The Hartstein Expedition, in search of Dr. Kane, left ‘New York on the 4th of June, 1865, under the comman -of-Liout. H. J. Hartstein, U.S.N. This expedition con- sisted of the propeller Arctic and bark Release. The names of the officers and erew who so nobly volunteered their services on board these vesvels, were as follows:— ON THE RELEASE. Moxpay, June 4, 1855. Commander of the Expedition—iiout. H. J. Hartatein, of South Carolina, First Jieut. and Acting Master—Wm. 8, Lovill, District -of Coiumbie. Second ope lie: B, Fy. Ohio. Boatswain—V. R. ll, New York. Captain’s Cleri-—Charles Lover, New York. And thirteen seamen. Lieut. Commanding--C. © "aioens, of Virgina jeut. Com 1 C, simmons, of e First Lieut. and Acting Master—Watson Smith, New ~ *Ghiet Engineer—Harmon Newel, Pennsylvania. Assistant bap moe p Ragen 9 New York. uel ti » for Wim, Michardech, : Purser’s Steward—John Vandyke, And sixteen seamen. New York was thrown into.a state of considerable ex- seltement in the afternoon, by the safe return of Captain “Hartstein, Dr. Kane, and their gallant comrades. The whole town, indeed, were delighted. Our news collector thus briefly reports the arrival of the Release and Arctic>— THE NEWSMAN'S REPORT OF THE RETURN. ‘The United States Arctic Expedition, composed of the bark Release and steam brig Arctic, H. J. Hartstein, Lt. commanding expedition, has arrived. They left New York May 30, 1855; arrived in Leavely, Isle of Disco, Greenland, July 6. Coasted along the shores of Greenland from Hol- steinburg to lat. 78.38 N., touching at Leavely, Hare Island, Upernavik, Hakluyt Island, Cape Hatherton, and other places on the coast. Were twenty-eight days boring through the pack in Melville Bay. Thence crossed Davis Strai’s; went up Lancaster Sound aa far Admiralty Inlet, where they were opposed by a solid pack, which entirely stopped thelr progress. Thence they proceeded down ‘the Western const, examining Possession and Pond’s bays. Were fast in the great middle pack for several days, to all appearances for the winter. In lat, 69.29 N., lon. 6330 W., spoke English whale ship Belipse, of Peterhead, bound to Cumberland Inlet; bad taken three fish, all well. Arrived at Leavely on their return from having entirely circumnavigated the Northern waters as far as the ice would permit, Sept. 13. Found Dr. Kane, (he having abandoned his vessel in the fee,) and his associates, excepting those who had died from exposure, viz.:— Christian Ohisen, carpenter. Pierre Schubert (Shepard), cook. Jefferson Baker (Parker), seaman, Found at Leavely the Danish brig Marianna, Capt. Am- mondson, loading for Copenhagen. Sailed from Leavely Sept, 18. On the 19th, boarded Danish brig Baldur, 37 days from Copenhagen, bound to Leavely. On the 27th, spoke English schooner Stella, from Sandwich Bay, bound to Plymouth. No trace whateyer had been discovered of Sir John Franklin’s party. ‘The last winter in the Arctic had been unusually se- vere, many of the natives having perished from exposure ‘and starvation. Had been compelled to eat their dogs, the extreme cold having prevented the usual hunting ex- | peditions, : ‘The vessels are in tolerably good condition. They have ‘been in collision with icebergs, and severely nipped in ‘the packs. THE KANE EXPEDITION. | BIGHLY INTERESTING ACCOUNT OF THE EXPEDI- TION, AS KELATED By DR. KANE TO MR. HENRY GRINNELL. As soon as the vessels came to achor off the Battery, | Dr. Kane hurried ashore, and proceeded at once to the | Astor House, where he was warmly welcomed by a host “of friends and acquaintances. Every one crowded to see and for a few minutes he was so completely sur- and beset by eager inquirers that it was with difficulty he could make his escape. When at last succeeded in gaining the street, he, in com. with @ friend, got into a carriage and drove up to residence of Mr. Henry Grinnell, in Bond street. arrival had been expected by Mr. Grinnell, who re- iY ur poived him with such a welcome as only comes from the very depths of the heart. ) 1 heave no Advance with me," sail Dr. Kane, al- ding to the loss of his vessel, which, as we have stated, ¢ was obliged to abandon im the ice. Never nstmd that,”’ reptiet Wr, Grinnell, \ you are safe, that is all we care about, Come into the parlor,” he added, ‘and let us hear the whole story.’ And Dr. Kane proceeded at once to relate the story of his second voyage to the Arctic regions, the perils and dangers to which he was exposed, his wonderful adven- tures, and still more wonderful escape. We give it as nearly in his own words ax possible, stating, however, at his request, that his official account will be published as early as practicable, and that any errors or inaccura cies will be corrected in it, He was obliged, he said, to abandon the Advance in latitude 78.45, after having pe- netrated as far as 82.90, which was further than any other navigator had gone, with the exception of Captain Parry, who reached the lutitude of 83.15. While here he saw the Polynya or open sea, streching away off to the north tarther than the eye could reach. This point he had reached after travelling eighty or ninety miles over the ice in sledges; but as an tmmense zone of itintervened between him and his vessel, it was impossible for him to prosecute his investigation farther northward. For two winters the Advance was completely hemmed in; and as it became evident to him, from the condition of his men, that they could not survive another winter, he deter- mined to leave her and make the best of his way to the nearést seitiement. He discovered about eighty new capes and twenty bays, and found land up as far as he was enabled to penetrate, The extreme northern boundary of this he naméd Grinncil’s Land, in honor of Mr. Henry Grinnell. The hardships they endured were of a fearful character, and at one time six out of their party of nineteen were so low that it was thought they could not survive. Of these three died, and the rest were saved, after the most unremitting care and atten- tion. One of these was Mr. Alston, the carpenter, who died, while crossing over the ice, of lockjaw, super- induced by the intense cold. The other two were frost- bitten. The lockjaw, Dr. Kane said, was very prevalent. The party, after making their way over thirteen hun- dred miles of ice, arrived at Leviely or Godhaven, and had taken passage in a Danish brig, named the Maria, when the Release made her appearance. Their joy at meeting their countrymen here can better be imagined than described, ‘They lost no time, it is almost needless to state, in tak- ing their departure, and aftera favorable voyagy arrived within sight of our shores, where they were hailed by the steamship Union about sixty miles east of Sandy Hook. ADDITIONAL STATEMENT BY DR. KANE. The expedition succeeded in crossing Melville Bay and reaching the headlands of Smith Sound as early as the 6th of August, 1859. Finding the ice to the north com- pletely impenetrable, they were forced to attempt a tem- Porary passage along the coast, where the rapid tides— running at the rate of four knots an hour, with a rise and fall of sixteem feet—had worn a temporary opeming. Previous to taking this step, which involved great re- sponsibility, an@ which was, in fact, equivalent to sa- crificing the vess#S,a Francis motailic boat, with a canoe of provisions, was coseealed as a means of retreat. ‘The penetration of ttre pack ice was attended by many obstacles, The vessel grounded with every tide, and but for her extreme strength would not have been able to sus- tain the shocks of the ice. She was twice on her beamends, and once on fire from the upsetting of the stoves. Some idea of this navigation may be formed, from the fact of her losing her jibboom, best bower anchor and bulwarks, be- sides about 600 fathoms of warping line. They were cheered, however, by a mall daily progress; and by the 10th of September, 1853, had succeeded in gaining the northern ‘ace of Greenland—at a point never reached be- fore. Here the young ice froze sround the vessel, and compelied them to seek a winter asylum, oe ‘The winter gave them a degree of cold much below any previous registration on record. Whiskey froze in No- cember, and for four months in the year mereury was solid daily. The mean animal temperature was five de- grees below zero. summer and winte, without a doubt, was the greatest cold ever experienced by man, as the seat of their winter quarters was neares: the pole. ‘The scurvy was readily controlled, but the'most nove feature of this winter was # tetanus, or lockjaw, which defied all treatment. It carried awny fifty-seven of their best sledge dogs, and was altogether a frightfal scourge. ‘The operations of search commenced as early as Marcl. ‘The first parties, under the personal charge of Dr Kane, crossing the ice at temperatures of minus 57 below zero The loss of their dogs obliged them, as am only alterna tive, to adopt this early travel. Many of the party were frost bitten and underwent amputation of the toos. It was by means of these efforts that the expedition suc- ceeded in bringing back their important results. ‘The parties were in the field as late ax the 10th of July, only ceasing from labor when the winter darkness made it im- possible to travel. Greenland has been followed and surveyed by Dr. Kane towards the Atlantic, with a coast line fronting due North, until a stupendous glacier absolutely checked their progress. This mass of ice rose in a lofty precipice, 500 feet high, abutting into the sea, It undoubtedly ix the only barrier between Greenland and the Atlantic—it is an effectual barrier to ail future explorations. 1. This glacier, in spite of the difficulty of falling borgs, was followed out to sea by means of sledges, the party rafting themselves across open water spaces on masses of ice, In this way they succeeded in travelling eighty miles along its base, and traced it into a new Northern land. This glacier is, we believe, the largest over discovered by any previous navigator. 2. This new land thus cemented to Greenland by pro- truding ice, was named “Washington.” The large bay which intervenes between it and Greenland bears, we believe, the name of Mr. Peabody, of Baltimore, one of the projectors of the expedition. This icy connection of the old and new worlds seems to us a feature of peculiar interest. 8. The range of the sledge journeys may be understood from the fact that the entire circuit of Smith’s Sound has been effected, and its shores completely charted. 4. But the real discovery of the expedition {s the open Polar sea, The channel leading to these waters was en- tirely free from ice, and this mysterious feature was ren- dered more remarkable by the existence of a belt of solid ice extending one hundred and twenty-five miles to the southward. This sea verifies the views of Dr. Kane, as expressed to the Geographical Society, before his depar- ture. The lashing of the surf against this froze beach of ice was impressive beyond description. Several gentle- men with whom we have conversed, speak of this Bs one of the most remarkable sights which they observed during the expedition. An area of three thousand square miles has been seen entirely free from ice, and was named after the Hon. J. P, Kennedy, late Secretary of the Navy, under whose auspices the expedition was under. taken. The land te the north and west of this channel has been charted as bigh as 8230. This is the nearest land to the Pole yet known. It bears the name of Mr. Henry Grinnell, the founder of the enterprise. THE WINTER OF 1854-55. The extreme severity of the previous season made it evident that the brig could not be liberated before the winter set in, She was fast impounded in the centre of 8 large field of ice. The provisions, although abundant were not calculated to resist scurvy, and the fuel, owirg to the emergency of the previous winter, was de- ficient in quantity. Under these circumstances De. Kane, with party of volunteers—on an attempt to reach the mouth of Lancaster Sound, in hopes of meeting the Kngiish expedion, and thus giving relief to his aasociates—passed in an open boat over the track of Baffin’# travel, riding ont » heavy gale. ‘They found an uninterrupted barrier of jee, extending in ope great horseshoe from Jones to Murchtson’s Sound, and were forced after various excapes to return to the brig During the winter which ensued they adopted the habits of the Exquimaeux, living upon raw walrus meat and surrounding themselves by walls of moss, In spite of these precautions the scurvy advanced with stendy pro- grees; bat by the eid « single team of does Dr. Kane euc- ceeded in effecting a communication with a settlement of Esquimaux seventy miles to the southward, and by or- ganizing » bunt relieved the party. At one time every man of the expedition except Dr. Kane and Mr. Bonsel were confined to their banks with scurvy; but by a proviten- tial interposition the party excaped without » death. ESCAPE TO THE SOUTIt ‘The great belt ofice made it clear that no relief expe- Gitions from the South could resch the party ia time to prevent the imprisonment of a third winter, which, with their deficteneies of fuel, would have proved most diss trous, if not fatal. Under these circumstances, Dr. Kane wisely determined to abandon his brig, and attempt to “UN pout Bt ek vaablaalee a deals aod sledges. In accordance with this view they loft the brig om the Lith May, the temperature at that time being five degrees below zero, They crossed a belt of ice eighty- one miles in diameter, dragging the boats behind them, and carrying four of their sick comrades by means of a dog sledge. After an actual travel of 301 miles, they reached Cape Alexander and embarked in open water. Their guns supplied them with animal food, no provi- sions being crrried in the boat, exsepting breadstuifs and tallow. From Cape Alexander (hey travelled to the Southward, sometimes over ice, sometimes through water, shooting duck and ¢eal and céllecting enough eggs to keep the party ingood condition. At Cape York they burned up their spare boats and sledges for fuel and left the coast, striking out into the open sen of Melville Bay, steering for the North Danish settlements of Greenland. Here they were providentially landed on the sixth of August, im vigorous health, after their travel of 1,300 miles and 81 doys of constant exposure. From Upernivik, the largest of these settlements, they took passage in a Danish tra- ding vessel for England, By great good fortune they touched at Diseo, where they were met by Captain Hortstein’s expedition. This searching expedition having found the ice of Smith Sound still unbroken, but having communicated with the Esquimaux, Lad heard of the departure of Dr, Kane, and retraced their steps. ‘The expedition has to mourn the loss of three of its comrades, two of whom perished by lockjaw, audone from abscess following 4 frozen extremity. They may be said to have fallen in the direct @ietharge of their duty. Their names are acting carpenter Christian Ohlsen, Jef- ferson Baker and Peter Shubert, volunteers, STATEMENT OF DR. HAYES AND Mi. BONSEL, OFFI CERS, AND MR. SONTAG, OF THE EXPEDITION UNDER DR. KANE. We left New York Slat May, 1869, The passage to Baffin’s Bay was without incident. We stopped at vari ous Danish colonies in Greenland to provide oursel with furs and Esquimaux dogs. Reached first ice in Melville Bay latter part of July. Without dificulty forced our passage through in four cays, being a remark ably quick passage. Got into open sea on 3d August. In latitude 76, on 6th August entered Smith's Sound. Made heavy ice next morning. From this time forth were constantly in ice. Worked through in a northeasterly direction till the end of August, when we had reached latitude 78 45; we found this coast so exposed that we had to retrace our steps for a short distance to find a secure winter harbor; on the 10th of September we housed over the ship, put galley stoves between decks and anchored near shore; this was on the coast of North Greenland; during this time a party of sledges was sent out with provisions to the northword for the purpose of making deposits for navigators and for our party, which we intended semting out it the spring to prosecute the search for Franklin this party travelled about 400 miles in a northeasterly direction, reaching lathiude 80, and at last found a glazier whic formed the suore line of Greenland to the north; the party travelled atong this glazier for about fifty miles; the desolation of this latitude cannot be de- sribed with the pea; this party Laving made their de- posit returned to the *hip about the middle of October, when other parties were sent out for the purpose of ex. ploring the coast. The mercury at this time was 40 degrees below zero and constantly frozen, The cold and darkness were incressing, which put an ead to our sending out our exploring parties. We lost the sun entirely in the middle of October. We were now cer- tainly ina dreary situation. The sun we know would not return till the 24th of February, till which time we had total darkness. We had coal fires all this time, and on board ship gained a comfortable temperature. moment now cseurred th Merci wet to again gall our dogs died but three or four, from a spasm peculiar to the climate, The loss of onr dogs was severely felt, for upon these faithful animals we were to depend to draw our sledges. In March we again had twelve hours daylight, and in this month we started out another exploring party to the north, but from the heavy, rough ice, they were not able to proceed over for- ty miles from the vessel, when the party retursed again to the vessel. This was March, 1864. On this expedition some of the party were frost bitten, and two so severely that they afterwards died. One was named Peter Shubert the cook, and the other Baker. Two others of the party had their toes cut off. I was in this expedition, and when thirty miles from the vessel, myself and two ot the only ones of the party who could walk—returned on foot across the iee to the vessel to report the condition of the party to Dr. Kane. Dr. Kane, with a stromg party, immediately set out for the relief of the sulferers, but did not succeed In giving succor till after the party had gone through suffering the most perilous and intense. ‘The next exploring party from the ship was in April, and headed by Dr. Kane in perso. It consisted of two sledges—one drawn by dogs and the other by men. This abarty was out only eight days whon Dr. inane was taken ill with fever, and found it necessary to return to the vessel. In May another exploring party was formed under the command of Dr, Hayes, wl succeeded in cross- ing to the westerly side of Smith Channel, a distance of eighty miles from the ship. This party suffered greatly from snow blindness. The party running short of provi- sions here was obliged to return to the ship, which they reached after an absence of twelve days, and having in thie time travelled three handred and fifty miles. With the dogs, the explorer cam travel fifty milese day. Dr. Hayes, on bis return from this ex- pedition, travelled at this speed, his dog team being fed on nothing more than an old boot for breakfast, and part of a pair of Exquimaux pants for dinner. Directly after the return of Dr. Hayes, during the month of June, another exploring party was fitted out under command of Bonsel and MeGeary, The object of all these parties was to ascertain some traces of Sir John Franklin it possible, This party took @ northeastern di- rection to the western shore of Baffin’s Bay, A bran.a party from this, aecompanied by an Exquimanx driver, continued the search slong the eastern coast, finding Smith Sound terminating in a large bay. At the bottom of this bay was the glazier of the shore already men- tioned. From this point, a new channel wa» dixcovered, extending due north. The party travelled up this ehan- nel along the const until they were brongut up by open water. Thisopen space was entirely free frow ice, wud abounding in animal life, such as foul, fish, walrus and seal. A northerly gale lasting two days, brought no ice down, proving that a large open sea was beyond: but whether this was the great Polar Sea or not is question: able. It is the opinion of Dr. Kane that thir was the open Polar Sea, that is never frozen over. This purty made a chart of the coust as far north a» lat ude #2 00 —the most northern point of land yet discowored. Ino July this party returned, and this clored the operations of the year 1854. ‘ Soon after this it bocame apparent to owr whole party that the ship could not be liberated from the lee. We oll felt that we were doomed to spend the winter iu thir Inti tude, unless relief came from Sir Edward Beleber, with whom Dr. Kane tried to communicate in perches, Sir Kdward was at Beechy Island, which lay 700 miles to the south and west, The attempt to reseh Sir Edward was fruitless. Dr. Kane, in the attempt to reach him, crowed Smith Sound, with a crew of five men, in a whaleboat, and reached Jones Sound, where they met the heavy pack ice of Jones, Lancaster, Whole and Smith Sounds, forming together an impenetrable puck of ioe, ranging from five to thirty feet in thickness They skirted this pack to the eastward, making repeated off to bore through It. This effort endangering their bos upon which their Mves depended, waa given uy reaching the east const of Bailln's Bay or Whale Seas Here other efforts were made to bore the lee without «a cess, The party then returned to the ship, having mad up their minds to spend the winter with old Horeas ‘This winter was rpent ax the winter before on ehipboar! with the exception that having vy this time convame all of our coal, we were obliged to burn all the spare wood work of the ship, and confine ourselves to the smalies! part of the ship, for the purpose of economizing the fuel. Things at this period were extreme! During this winter, to aid to the other borr situation, we were all attacked with seurry, ond w time Dr. Kane and Mr, Bonsel were the only pareons able to move about ond attend to the duties of the whip ond The reurvy gradually disappearel with of the wun and the increased warmth. We owed our recovery to the iree use of raw frozen walru meat red from the eid Requimeax, in return for whieh gare jackkntwes, neeiler, plnoes of irom, & | gwen van yreag dark liberated during the year, and it was known to be impos- sible to spend another winter in her, a» the provisions had given out, and the fael was all gone, excepting the hulk of the ship, After mature consultation it was de- termined to abandon the ship, and endeavor to wake our way to the southward by means of boats. Three boats yet remained to us. ‘These, together with simply a change of clothing, about 160 pounds of pork fat, 600 pounds of bread, and 100 pounds of Bordous moat bis- cult, which we found to be an invaluable article of fuod, we transported over the fee, a distance of 360 miles, fo open water, We took farewell of the ship in ber ice bound prison on the 20th of Say, 1865. We gained open water near Cape Alexander, and turned our bows southward and for home, our chances being desperate and ugatnst us; but with stout hearts and full of hope, we never for & moment thought of despairing, On the 2ist of June ‘We were affont, and giving three cheers for home, every oar did tts duty for the south, During this journey we were in constant bastle with the ice until we reached Upernavik, the most ‘northern Danish colony on the western coast of Greeuland, We were many times com- pelled to carry our boats across the ice from one pool of water to the other. We travelled a distance of 1,900 miles to reach Upernavik, subsisting most of the time on game, such as birds and real, procured by our trusty fowl- ing pieces. We reached Upernavik on the 6th @f August, when our hardships were over, d we all, for the first time, dared to feel that we were perfectly sufe. In the meantime we had heard nothing of the expedition sent in search of us, which must have passed or escaped us in Melville Bay. We often discussed among ourselves the probability of an expedition being sent for us, and it was generally believed that Uncle Sam would extend to us this succor, and consequently a watch was always kept up for friends: but our expectations were never suill- ciently strong to justify us in remaining by the ship in waiting for this relief, Our separation from our'ship was an act of desperation, and our last stake for life, At Upernavik we took passage in the Danish ship Mariana, Capt. Amondson, for Copenhagen. ‘To Capt. Amondson we are much obliged tor many civilities, and for his generous succor. In this slip we reached Disco, or Godhayen, and in twenty-four bours more would have been on our voyage to Europe, when we first learned that our triends from home in search of us were near at hand. Godhaven is known as Leavely also, and here Thave remained until the 28th of September last, re- ceiving while we stayed the kind and generous hoxpitali- ty of the Danes, To Inspector Olvie, of North Greenland, and to Governor Anderson, we are great!y indebted for their kindness to ua, It may here be added, that on the way lo Upernavik from our ship, our carpenter, Christian Ohlsen, who was much respected aud beloved by all his company, died, from # strain, occasioned by too hard labor at the boats in getting through the heavy ice. He was buried on Littleton Island, where, perhaps, he will ever repose. THE HARTSTELN EXPEDITION. THE PRIVATE JOUBNAL OF AN OFFICER OF THE RELEASE. May 26.—Went into commission and hoisted fag and peuant at Navy Yard, 81st.—Dropped down to Quarantine. On the 4th of June got wader way and started on the expedition; took the Aretie in tow on the 6th ant towed her for several days; yot elear of the Banks of Newfound: land. On the Mth very heavy fog on the banks. ‘On the 16th of June made the first iceberg at 6 o'clock im the morning; a large berg, and created some rensation among the uninitiated on shipboard. June 17,—Passed throvgh agreat dealof amall berg ice, June 18.--A lew wiontes after midnight ran iato » geld of foe ive, the Arctic in tow; by the sudden stopping of our ship, the Arctic ran into us, tearing away our stern ornaments, but doing no dangerous injury; got clear of the Arctic and bored through the field got into clear water; at 43, o'clock A. M. ran into another field of ice and sprung the bowsprit wnd carried away the bobstays; got through this very well. The fact of so much ice in this latitude, 61 degrees, and longitude 61, it was considered an indication of a severe seascn, which was found to be correct. The ice here wade it necessary to unship the wheel ant use the tiller. During the struggle through the ice, cast off the Arctie after being run into, and rhe was bored through in another direction. Vessels joining again. June 1%, at noon. —Spoke the Arctic, but found the ice had not injured her in the least. ‘This day, also, passed through much lee. Latitude , longitude 61.2, dropped the Aretic, and hoisting all sail, stood to the northward. Nothing of nate till June 22.—When there wns no occasion for light in binnacle or eabin, it being daylight for twenty three hours ‘This was in latitude 59.1 longitude 60.56, the same place in which the Resene and Advance, the vessels attached to the expedition under Lieut. De Haven, foundered before. June 23.—Very little ice; only one berg; at 12 o'clock at night about a# dark as twilight; on this day dipcovered land; it was found to be the bigh land above Desolation Land—an awfol place. June 24.—This day discovered the coast of Greenland— ‘a bleak, dreary coast; was now two hundred miles above Cape Farewell; the old Arctic cruisers rved that there was more snow here than ever observed before, which indicated a most severe season; here discovered various beautiful bergs, in all shapes and sizes; among others, saw what wae named Grace Churchberg. being so called from its resemblance to the celebrated Hroadw: edifice; all the officers called up to see it; the ive in all kinds of fyures, and Peautifolly brilliant. From the 24th of June to the 4th of July, saw a great number of whales, also saw all kinds of Northern fowl, these Greenland ducks rise in clouds, two of the officers, on a gunning expedition of ix hours, secured twelve hundred pounds, which was the amount brought oo board, but only about one-third of the amount killed Jaly 2.—Thi day the sum descended to within its dive of the horizon and then rose again, July 6.—Made Kronprins [sland ; Diseo Istand ta night; crew all well and in good epirite; no sickness yet nor couragement; anchored in Leavely harbor, Disco Island the Royal Danish inxpector, Mr. Olric, came on hoard aut offered the hospitality of old North Greenland to ol! on board; Leavely ix « town of about 150 inhabitants, composed of about one doren Denes, and the reat half breed Kequimos, stayed here five days and hod» Mall every night, Sunday ineluded; all enjoyed themselves the girls very pretty; the inhshitants an industrious honest people, and very hospitable, two of the daughters of the august house of Broberg, Misses Sophia and Marin, visited the ship one evening. and were enteral ed with @ supper and dancing und other amuconwnts as ntrange as it may sppear, these girls dance with « kill and grace that a Broatway beile might envy; imagine th novel sight of a lot of belles dressed in real «kin breeckes the young men are good performers upon the viclin, amd lancing and balls are the main amusements; everything was novel to the uninitiated July 10.—Left thix port, both vewels standing oat to sea, the Arctic towing the Helease. 8! ood out of he har bor for Waygat Straits fora new eupply of ool: very foes white whale lying deal upon the beach grounded here, and not being able to get uf dle | at this spot; going through Waygat Sound kept firing gone for each vensel's Instructions as to the whereal he other, About the Mth, made Harrow Island; on thir served a beat coming toward us, which we euppesel to be Dr. Kane's party; in great delight we bawlet our wind and stood for them; found the party to be (he ve bie Pane, Mr, Peterson, one of the Governor's 0 here Northern regions; of course this was something o an event, the meeting of any one being worthy of note in euch a latitude, Governor Peterson took wx to Marrow Inland, where we took in our supply of eon! ; ean! here ie ound in great quantities ; this com) ls excellent to barn Capt. Hartetein himeolf went into the mines with a pick- axe and worked like « man, stayed here « dey and » half wind blew a harricane Joly 16,—Cleared Waygat Sound: spoke two whalers who weld they hat vainly tried to get through Mel Bay; they commidered the prumpeots for the expetith very bad. July 16.—Arrived at Cpernavik, went ashore fo yur chase winter elothing aad get different kinds of seins the officers nae oAed the brights near Uperanvik, ant ae for as the eye coukl reach eoull see wothing but lor thie wgoed bed for the expedition, Gov. Peterson cur (uterpreter: the people here cappocd oar expel ton was Kane's party, snd were greatly defightet wit er bee Ws ees ney, ble GUpee lot Rape were oC gelied ay ob ne of spring, it seemed evident that the ship would not be when they ascertained who we were. ame day got into the Ice again, and within sight counted two hundred and fifty of the largest kind of bergs, perfect mountains of ice The scene here exceeds all belief; Gevernor Petersen's family lived here, and the husband amd father being away with Dr, Kane, they were very anxious about bin; they had heard by whalers that he had gone to Eugland and got married again. We were now compelled © bore through the ice, which we were engaged at for several days; we were still on our voyage for Melville bay; still kept « vigilant search for the lost Davigntors; observed mo traces of thea mit r journey so far; the sight was in the greatest degree sublime; from this time rontinued our journey northward to 78, 90 north latitude, to Smith's Sound; hs wan farther north. ward than any vessel had been beloro; here we foand traces of Kane's party, oueb as tenty, ante, &o ; the ma- tives knew their names and said they bad been there, but had two months before gone southward in bouts: we tried to make Beach Islami to put up the tombstone that Lady Franklin had entrowied the perty with; foand it impossible toget to Beach Ilan on account of the tee; we then gave up the ides ef reaching Bench Island, and now for the first time turned southward to Pond's Bay, in rearch of Kane; cruised here for a month and a half and then started fir Upernavik; found it imposmble to reach there; we then continued on our course soath- ward again to Leavely where we arrived on September 15th,—Here, as soon as we came inte port. we saw a boat coming off to us, which proved to be Dr: Kane. He had arrived at Leavly a few days before us. For months, or since leaving Pond’s Ray, we had seen | traces of him and knew that his party was abead of us. Mt finally appeared that Dr. Kane, on bin way south, had passed the expedition, The meeting cum be more easily imagined than described, Wo remained at Leavely a few days before we started for home where we went through the balls and danees at which we had previously enjoyed ourselves on our way northward September 18th.—We all rejoiced at the success of our expedition, and set rail for home. Our journey hone. ward does not vary in incident from our journey north- ward, SKETCH OF THE LIFE AND SERVICES OF DOCTOR KANE. Wo consider this a particularly appropriate time to give a brief sketch of the life of Doctor Kane, now that he is before the world in a more conspienous position than he has ever occupied before. He was born in I’bila delphia, on the éd of February, 1822, so that he ia at pre- sent about thirty-three years old, In 1848 he graduated, after a seven years’ course of studies, at the Penasyl. vania Medical University, and soon after he entered the United States navy as assistant surgeon. While neting PRICE TWO CENTS. Fiwart , Belcher, commander of the Whe intense. fir Fogiyh expedition, who pasa two years in the polar reg! 1851, "62,63 ‘hi. ina, ih to me of Jane 21, 1865, rays the titer of 18h 64 'y_ cata —maxkoun 0 minimum 6626, and mean 04.54 below | wre for one hundrec and two cons soutive laa other letter, dated September 14 be aa lowest | temperatare he recorded wax V3.5 below sero, and ninety-five and five-tenths below ave Ca Fahrenheit, Lr kee wintered ie EE Mepeaae Day, He omys ‘the winter was very severe.” my Place of observation, on Brooklys Geights the winter was mild, On comparing these memorande with our ice record the very extraoriinary fact appeare tbat the more ip an the Arctic cold the greater le flow of the potar Our ice journa! presents the {lie facts connected wit the Yee dita 8 pene tone arrived at the porto € New York ia the Your 1964 which reported merttug wi Wa leoin erossing the Atlantic prior to Kereuive: is that reer, and this ome met.ceinthe month of May, In. lice wenoer, 1868, the greatice drift commenced ani comtinnes’ {il the mon' of qi The following are the smber of yox- tela reported in each month, viz. Docom Wer, a By, none; Fearuary. 4; Marely 4 Apr a une, 67; July, 37; August, 9; september * dad « ‘d—total, three hunitredt a number reported in the twelve years preeed Bag was alto. oe four hundred an fifty tour but Ba more m wolve years than for the mingle drift of 186% and 184. Sudden and great changes fy the tempera Gure of the Atmnoephere in winter fractures large bodied o."$09. re. collect the cold Friday of January 10, 1910, + mms thee In camp ina northern wilierneas, Vhe tempewture of ‘Thursday. the T8th, wae 40 cegrees above aero, wot rate fell in many places north of 4) degrees of latitude in the evening of tha: & sudden and mort extraorimary change took place: the cola becsne Intense, andthe trees of the frost during the whole night cracked! and split with the frost. ‘The detouations were (acesmmt like the discharge of ruscessive volleys of neusketry, ond about midnight a tremendous explosion wee heard. \t proved to be the cracking of the fee uf a lake a few distant; the rent was several miles in amd none fix inches wide. Mercury, on the morning of the 10th, became solid, and in ‘some places the spirit ther mometers indicated a temperature of 60 hele © vero, This great ordinary change wee no dowbt immediately connected with an o skes with whiak yt much changes, with the ney are connected. that ma; resumed to hawe ie tow bo 1858 ond 1864. duced the great drift of Aretie While Lieut. Lie Haven war in the Arctic sons he made= hourly ther mometrioal ebservations for me. Op referrh in fournal, the original of whiet 1 now have, 1 fi the lowest temperature observed by him was, after the sun had reappeared above the horizon, 22d of Bebeu- ary, 1861, fifty-two degre ©. That day and the day preceding the tempe sklyn ts rome to 5) and 82 degrees above warmest dayn of that month. the coldest day in December, 1600, in the eas, Was the first day of the month. temperature Bo cegreee below sero; the x © day, and the w that month, the tempe: was Od degrees abo Vhus it is seen that, by our observations on B . H ight, wade and recorded every vlxty minutes, we are bled to determine by the temperature here the tem: lis ture on the polar also made memoranda ind forty veascle» The whole ae tor the name tine en of the records ot ter) f the drift of the veerels then en, on the same in this capacity be was appointed as physician in the firstembassy to China from this country. His naturally adventurous disposition led him to project @ visit to the interior, but the difficulties were se numerous that be could not accomplish bis purpose as fally as he desired, He, however, succeeded in travelling over a large section of the country; and before bis return he visited the Philippines, Ceyton snd other tslands in that re- gion, and even succeeded in penetrating {ute the Interior of India, hia travels through which were full of adventures and perils; bat perils to a mon of Doctor Kano’s temperament appear only to have the effect of making them more attractive. While tn India, he descended the crater of the Tael of Lerzon, suspended by a bamboo rope from a projecting crag which hovered above the tuterior scorlg and debris, over two hundred feet, Thin act of during nearly cost hin his life, for the natives regarded it as a sacrilegious act, whieh could only be effaced by the death of the suspictous offender. Doctor Kane, however, eluded their pious vengeance, and afterwards wees to the Sandwich Telands with the celebrated Paron Loe, of Prussia, where he was attached by a whole tribe of the savage inkabi tants of those islands. Against there he successfully de- fended himself; but the hardahips he and bis companion subsequently underwent were more than the Iatter could endure, and he sunk under them. Or. Kane alone passed over to Egypt, ascended the Nile ay far as the confines of Nubia, and remained during a whole season among the ruins of ancient Egypt, {n antiquarian research. Leaving Fgypt, be visited Greece next, which he traversed on foot returning to the United States in 1846. When he arrived his love of adventure would not allow him to remain inactive, and be applied, almost immediately after hin return, to the government for a commission to Mexico, Failing to obtain this, he accepted an appointment oa board of a United States vessel, bound to ‘he African coast. Arriving there, be could not resist the temptation to see the slave marts of Whydah, bat was met in his Journey by that terrible enemy of the white man, the African fever, He was brought home in a state of extreme {ll health amd emaciation; but although almost unable to move, he made his way to Washington, from Philadelphia, agninet the ear- nest entreatics of his family, presented himself with shaven head and tottering limbs to Presitent Volk, and demanded what had before been refused him, a comminsion to Mexico, The President could net deay bia request, and entrusted him with {mportant despatches for the Com mander-in-Chief, General Scott. He was given as an es cort through Mexico the notorious company of Colonel Dominguez, who started with him from Vern Cruz, As they were appronching Nopsluca, near Puebla, they were informed by » Mexican that a large body of Mexi can soldiers were on their way to intercept tnem. and at thot time were but a short distance off. Dominguer re fused to proceed any furher, and was about retreating, when Dr, Kane commended him to remain with him threatening the vengeance of lis government if his com pany should Jeave him. Having eueceeded in preventing him from turning bis back on the enemy, le faully induced lim to attack them. Vlacing himself at the head of his escort, Dr, Kane took advantage of a rising ground to down the Merleans who were then thrown into eontusion by the tm trepidity of bis charge. Kallying, however, they made stout resistance, and it was not until after a severe wkirminh that they were Grfeated, and the prine- pal part of them taken prisonere. ‘Thene conalated of & nurober of dirtinguished officers in the Mexican army who were on their way to Join their commander, Among them was General Torrejon, who led the eavairy at Buena Vista, ond Major General Antonio Gaonm and his son ‘The latrer was dangerously wounded by Doctor Kat who, in a personal encounter, ran him through the bedy with bis sword, When the ckirmish was over, the Doctor, finding that his antagonist war seriously injured, had to bis surgical skill to save his life, and the re that tt was of no ordinary charaeter. With no other instrument than the bent prong of « furk and « plece of packthresd, be thea up an artery from which the life of the young seldier wax fast ebbing, and placed him in m that he could be conveyed rafely to Suebla. Nu sooner, however, had be concluded this hamane act, than he wae informed by yourg Gacoa that he overheard Dominguee say be would take the life of bir father, beeause he had, st one time, put him in prison, Dr. Kane instantly interfere placed himaelt between bis escort and bia prisoners, and threatened to shoot the firet man who attempted the life of Major infuriated ordered bis men to charge comm of the company, named Vallareos, fell before the fire of Dr, Kane, whe plied biv revolver with fatal effect upon all who came within ite rewch, With s severe lance wound im bie thigh, be managed to keep them at bay, ead soved his prisoners from thelr fury until he arrived to Mur where they were place! under the charge of Col. Ohi Dr, Kone, whose wounds were very serious, was detained here for many days, daring which he was attended sad noreed with the mort tender care by the family of Ma jer G le Bow strong the mont ardent friends otryman. There le one thing in this romantic adventure whieh we thoald not emit to mention. Dr, Kane thengtt, amd till thinks more of the pice! vill) whieh he deplaged ot that shivmich then of b Teoners Or defeed, ing them from the tres THE AMPRICAN AROTIO EXPEDITIONS AND ATMOSVHEIUC PHENOMENA. bY B. MERI OM. It te wow exnetly oar months wince the Ameriesn Ar tle Fxpedition under the command of Lent. Harteretn Jed (roan Mendy book for the Volar tens, in emareh and the retour of Dn, Kame, Inet scoount t have aweep epon conditl sal » om the Oth, ¥ 9.23, when the prope lo or rofl De - «e mre! be oe Le ee ee ae bas there're been sbernt A toar (aye * | riding Lomeward on. the fee, aod by both 1¢ appeared thi hough the cold was sufficient to congeal quick ilve the ice-drift continued notwithetanding the colt During the polar night of 1850 and 1861, which inated about two thourand hours, the temperature at three dif ferent periods in November, December and January, rome above zero, and each of these was immedintely connected with and preceded an earthquake between the pole and the equator. ‘comparing the Artic temperature of the winter of 18 . De Haven, with that of wir FAward Moicher, we ‘he animums of 1863 'h6 find a very great difference. are eleven and five-tenths degrees mere them that of 1850~'61; and beyond all this the cold terms in 1865-66 were long, while thore of 1480-'D1 were of abot duration. ‘The winter of 1864-86 war severe at our place of obser. vation ou Brooklyn ita. The temperature here ow the Oth of February, 1865, fell 106 degrees below xero— the lowest temperature recorded here in a parted of wimty. weven consecotive years which in the number covered the records of my office. In Vermont the temperature fell to 46 degrees below zero, This low temperature Delonge to a cold term of three hundred apd sinty (Y60) consecutive hours, commencing on the 29th at january and ending on the Lith of February. ‘This cold term had within (1 heavy thunderstorms im (ue Gulf Stream on the Ist of February, during whlch » vese! war struck by lightning; severe thunder-siorms on the Sth, in latitude £6.10 north, longitude 76, curing whieh two vessels were struck by Ughtning: on the Oth « 5 in latitude 14 north, tude © west was atrook lightning and destroyed: om the Sth, tn latitude S14 north, longitude 73.10 west, a lightning storm was active and the rame day « thunder storm viadtec Colataa, &.C. ‘The earthquakes kept company with the lightmiag du this extraorainary eold term, 11} be neen hy the tracts from our Journal:—Om the Lat of Februa- earthquake were felt at Vera Crag and also e city of Mexico and other plnors in that dixtric: of country, 2d, Karthanake felt at Clarkeville, Wrlesburg, Prinee Etward. Halilax, and several o'her places ia Vir- inia. the carthquakes were again : in Mexico elty, throwing down sume olf wal ting the aqueducts in many places: 34. bere marine earthjuake at Geno, doing muc < the shipping. th. Farthquskes felt at Kinderbook ant Saugertion Y, accompanied ty a Leavy rum polve resembling distant thuader—the ground 0) three Inches; also, at Bpringfiel during which the walls of the file shop of the United States ai were cracked: 6th. Shocks of earthyunke in Neva and of the State of Matue, 10th AC Kam Falvi akes continue; 12th. Terrible earth quake in the New Zealaad Islands, to the Houthers berolephere THE EFFORTS MADE TO DISCOVER A NORTH. WEST PASSAGE. ‘The attempt to vor s northwest parenge was made by « Portuguese named Corteresl, sbeut A.D, 10, was attempted by the English in 1663; and the project was greatly encouraged by Queen Filaabeth in 1086, to which year « company was associated in London, and was called the “Fellowship for the Discovery of the Northwest age.” The following voyages with thats design were undertaken, under British and American me vigators, in ue yearn renpectively stated :— Sir Hugh Willoughby 's expedition to find » nurthwest paneage to Chine. eallet from the Thames .May 20, 1868 Bir Martin Frobisher’s attempt to find » northwest passage to Ch Caytalo Dav i Brews ition . . ie Weymouth and kaight's i eee Lo} Hude« Fs he lant unde: ‘ Jeo fan’#.,.... + ete pedition,.. 16a) (A number of jaken by various tries, followed, Middleton'« expe tition Me Moore's and Sudth's, airy Hear ne's land expeditirn, 168 Coptatn Phipps, afterwards Lord Mulgrave tide expe ition “sy WE. Captain Cook in the Fea Mackenzie's expedition... Captain Dune ore. The Discovery, Captalo Vancouver, returned from @ voyage of turvey and dlecovery on the northwest coaat of Ameries ‘ Sep. 4 17% Lieut. Keteebue's expedition , et We Captain Buchan's and Lieut. Franklin's expedition in ‘be Dorothes nd Tren rite Captain Hows and Lieut, Parry, tn the lnebella and levander 4 and Girt mm aad Viscowery. Lieutenants Parry sad Liddon In the Heels per.... oe ’ oo May 4, 9 ‘They return to Leith Nov 8 I Capte. Parry and Lyon, in the Pury ant Heels. May Capt. Parry’® third expedition with the Heels, May Copte Franklin and Lyon, after having attempted © \ expedition, sgaie wall from Liverven! Feu 16, Mah Captelo Parry, again in the Heels sails from Ye er : 4 . Mare cad And retorns, (ot 6 Mat Caytein Rowe arrive’ ot Holl, on hie return from hbo arctic expedition, after an almence of four youre sot when ali bope of bie retara hed ben aenely aban one! eet. 18. 188 Captain Back #00 bin compamonr arrived at Liver- pool from thelr periious afier having visited the @ a ree to the Point sas. Sept. % 1806 Binck walled fen Chathen in etmtmam of Jesty'# ship Terror, on an exploring sven Captain Back in che month ) Wager river ot Lecember, Vb, wan wenrded, by the Gergre- poten: tociety, the hing's annual prewiain for bie poias dasecverles and oni Jaume 21, 1800 Dense sod Fhimpeot tonverse the ng space between the clseoveries of Hors and Merry, sod evtabileh that there ies pert Cet, a0 hit John Frecklin end Capt ie Kereta Mey 24, ee ri Terror, leave Be cmewroneetas pm A Al at tt tm search of # venaela, safle f Another. under Capt Mot freting & transl! over Apri May 1600 whe snqreedes in of tne Orta wet ne ther umter Flr Rieu! Be lener . Another com of vomele the Atvenee and ewe fherslly porchaset tor the yurpune hy Merry Grinweli « New York mevehamt. 4 + geverranent cont from the Uaitad Mater ones! b- outer comomanh A Liewt. te Raven, wailed trom New York tvegdvubate tte iam, S000 Tew expediting of Dr Kame the Awenee May 1, dats cmmvlatiog A the Veinuwe 904 1 Hartetetn tome Ue on Mh tees ihoe leet expedition ‘Active, onder And reteree There may be come oumiesions im the she be fount geverally correct ‘The Turs. ONION COUmME, L. 1 —TROTTING Waewmnet, Cet Va Match 95,900, (we mile ben ms 1, 1 WeMtewe tome Sm. Plirs Te 48 forte bie os OE oe ae F Grey Bhe Coy