The New York Herald Newspaper, September 29, 1855, Page 2

OE EE —— NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1855. remem- by all classes of Christians. Divine is and aeal, and his aumitios have ‘thus demoralized this man? What his mind vindictive and ions? What drives him passions’ the verge of blasphemy, almost to juetify the sheddii otis brother's blood? The law has turned his min from the principles and procepts of the religion be Jroizvece, to considerations of toree, and violence. statute, giving him power over hiv fellow man, like Mburiel’s spear, touches the love of power lurk- in all men’s hearts, and the evil spirit springs full force and stature. ‘This unhappy case thas its parallel in every community, and @eadly blow is thus struck at the cause of tem esnaes nother ‘making its advocates repulsively odious, —s ‘eminent for his personal his brilliant elo- ‘and his kind but mistaken philanthropy, takes REN vides, and declares that inebriating liquors ace ike vipers which may be destroyed wherever found, and that the constitution has uothing to do with the mat The power which this law gives does more than int ‘este. One man cries for blood, and another sees foul ser. penta coiling their loathsome folds upon the sacramental atta, infusing their yenom into the sacred elements aud hissing amidst the solemnities of the la This iw the very delirium tremens of ‘ano ever been ixtal to temperance, re Let the advocates of tern: virtue see what spirit (his enactment hax evoked day of thew cause? Persuasion requir tue, ecrity, Coercive laws are best entoreed by the ie tive and base. Hence these are now taking the lead. «They cven show a malignant hostility to those who have Iebored long, and sacrificed much for the objects they cian to have in view; and when Mr. Delevan, after un- ‘tiring efforts and most earnest solicitations to induce me ‘bo sign the bill of 1854, conceded that | believed in the wbjeetions I urged, objections since admitted to be valid by the action of its advocates and by judicial tribunals— is simple act of courtesy and truth was denounced as treason by men of equivecal habits and unequivocal cha- sacters. Those who engage in philanthropic efforts are apt to feel that they are the owners in fee of the virtues particularly aifect ; and that they have @ right to tise allas enemies to their cause who do not fot- Jew their peculiar rules of action in all that relates to heir adopted virtue. ‘The reasoning urged by the advocates of this statute is ‘this:—‘‘Intemperance is an evil, It is the duty of goy- ernueent to suppress evils; therefore, a coercive law is aight.” The evil is conceded, and those who feel its maguitude cannot and will not consent to any measures whiah increase it. But we must not stop with depicting these evils in glowing and exciting terms. The great question is this: Is coercion a rightful and effectual re- meay? This question is usually overleaped in order to xeach the denunciatory exercises. The remedy is either a new one, or one which has heretofore failed.” In either eveni, its advocates are hasty ia vilifying those who @eub! its efficacy. The arguments pon which it is founded have caused most of the political, social and re- Nigious evls which oppress mankind. Those who hold or ‘usurp power, are wont to say that what they deem heresy, or infidelity, or dangerous habits of thinking freely, are evils, and that itis the duty of a State to re- move evils, and, therefore, they may punish freedom of thinking as well as freedom of drinking. In all these eases the real question is overlooked. What are the right vemedies? The bad effects of this law upon its advocates have been ween. Another objection ix, that it creates spirit of re- wigiance which increases the evil it claims to root or ‘Phir fact is shown by the experience of different nat at different periods in the world’s history. The use of orticular narcotics amongst most nations, has been ‘confirmed by efforts to suppress their consumption by force. The dreaded Amurath punished smoking by death, and the Turk has done little else than smoke ever since. ‘The use of Parag is proscribed in China, and has thus deen made their peculiar national vice. An able official document shows that Chineso legislation on the subject has caused the most startling mischiefs. King James’s “'Qounterblast”’ gave a uew impulse to the plantations of Virginia, and the Maine law has domesticated the use ef intoxicating liquor throughout New England, and hav made it a pocket institution. The constant changes ia ‘the law of ne itself, give record evidence of the fail- wre of the effort. New provisions and restraints are aided year atier year, and i+ is confidently elaimed that each will perfect the scheme as ako dreamer of a perpetual motion fancies another screw, er another pully will perfect his mechanism, The object will aud in a little time the accumu- Jated tid’ and evils will sweep away the Darriers.of prohibition, and the pubhe will again tarn Abeir attention to righifel remedies. The vital principle ot the Christian religion is persua- uion, in opposition to restraints, It makes temperance oud all other virtues something positive. It alms to make men unwilling, not unable to do wrong. It educates alixe the feelings and the understanding, the heart and ‘the head. All experience shows that mere restraints fromvice do not reform. Onur prisions are the examples ef the perfect system of restraint. Their inmates for a Jong series of years, are entirely prevented from {indulg- img in intemperance or any kindred evil. They lead lives ef perfect regularity, industry and propriety, because ‘they are compelled to do 80. few are reformed by his. Gur instincts teach us tl ed propriety of con- duct gives no assurance of futu! jae;on the contrary, ‘the very fact that they have heen efbjected to it, ie by eourts and communities regarded as evidence of depravity. The very condition of restraint is found to be a post- ‘tive obstacle im the way of the influences of religious education, when brought to bear upon the inmates of our risons. Are the advocates of the temperance law will- to place themselves upon the footing on which they i strive to place others? Will they give up their convic- tions of duty and propriety—surrender every positive virtue, and become perahce men merely because they apnot driuk? They will shrink from the application of & principle to themselves which they try to apply to ethers. They know that virtues wither and die cut un der such systems, The law has and does lead away from ® right remedy toa wrong. I know that it is difficult to raw the line where y m should end aud ¢ vegin. This has ever been the problem which has ¢ Darrassed legislators; but this w press of cviMzation, morality and vi b ed by the extension of education and religion, and the euntraction of coercive laws. “ We object, then, to this law, because it demor temperance men, making them vindictive and viole Recante it arouses a spirit of resistance, increasing the evils of intemperance; because it is a step backwards in eivilization, substituting restraints for education, All admit that it is better to be temperat dl thought and resolution, than from ‘that persuasion will win more than force But it is said ina triumphant tone, if the law will in- erease intemperance, why do the sellers of intoxicating liquors object toit? Leaving out of view differences of opinion with regard tothe propriety of their use as drink, this very law concedes their necessity for mechanical, mecdjeal ‘and sacred uses—but while it recognises the Ie- gality and necessity of their manufacture and sale, ‘t strives to make both odious, dangerous and degrading and this is naturally resisted by men whose objects are higher than mere gain, and who do not wish to see a wusiness pursuit of conceded necessity forced into the fy. Whodoubts hands of those indiffer ir right or to public sen- aament. Ido not assail the motives of its advocates, but good motives do not prevent the evil neiples. A good motive (to save men’s souls) originited the winve trade. The tame good motive kindled the f the Inquisition. Good motives and wrong princip! Jain at the root of almost every evil which and aiflicted mankind. It is gratifying that the great body of the clorgy reject this union with ‘the State. They continue to pus their faith in the Christian and not in the Lgislative atspens tion, Their less sagacious brethren will soon find where ‘their infidel alliances will lead them. We have another phase ot this princ Nota few of those who wish to tach neighborhood, are appreh jour thousand miles away, will They hold that the emigrants c vst century wore raints and patriots, andsthose of the present criminals and paupers, They thank God for guiding the first pi grime over the dangers of the great deep, and protecting ‘them in their want and poverty; and they condemn go vernment Lecause it allows the pilgrims of this century 20 land upon our shores, and demand they should be sent Tack because they are in poverty and want. The sul stance of their creed is that relief of the suffering and wants Of others isan unjust diminu| on of the bi we enjoy. The propose to cure bigotry by fi fatslorenon. They sroault the memories of their fathers Ry reviting all of foreign birth. They claim to hate per- vecution in foreign lands, while the ively pursue a minority of strangers scattered througly our own. They hold that their own rights of conscience and religi ‘us freedom should be preserved; but that the smoke of certain burning churches would roll up an ac sacrifice to heaven. What is this emigration that is thus denounced ? the victor table 'P' Ttis of our country and its institutions. It isa ievement in our contest for superiority with orld, It isa triumph of peace. It is a glorious contrast with the devastations of war. It annnall; brings three hundred thousand ‘ pilgrims,” and trans- plants them into happy homes, making them prosperow and our nation great, while, elsewhere, war sacri ice ‘equal number upon the battlefield and by loathsome 4 eave. ‘It is the manifestation of the superior pow « ‘ce over mere martial strength. le great na- tions ust their energies, embarrass their finances, und cary misery and desolation into the homes of their in transporting their armies to death and disease t shores, a few merchants of this city bring a hawt the broad A nd never feel m0) an easy and familiar transaction. eet eremat the subjests of faratrivlal. This is the great com- ‘upon the destinies of nations, and the ord. NogAlexanger or Cesar in the tsenpe medepuch acquisitions of ‘brings to us. ‘those Are against the cause of their country in is contest, contend that immigration brings with it destitution, poverty and crime, Trace these Bande of stong-limmed but Peas oreleners until they plant themselves upon the hitherto useless land of the ert, and see how wealth is evolved by their very con. tract with the soil, They were poor, and the fertile land was valueless, but combine these two kinds of poverty and the wealth, which alchemists dreamed of. is the wa. Figal result. Whence comes the mighty volume of pros. perity which rolls over our land? hence the increase of the price of farms and lots and broads untilled lanis which bas given to so many of our citizens wealth and prorperity ’ What gives employment to our ears and boateand ships, transporting armies of men, and re- ‘transporting the products of their labor? Stop foreign omigration to this country, and thousands of those who ignorantly denounce the cause of the wealth they enjoy, would find their aboundant prosperity wither and die away like Jonah’s Gour There is t that this source of prosperity and power will be diverted eleewh It does not flow to our shores because we alone have fertile lands; there are broad, unoccupied plains not owned by us, In South America and Australis. Immigration seeks bere re- Ligioug and political freedom ani equality, Will i: do 80 bereaiien, in view of late occurrences’ “Recent outrages have been perpetrated apily for the purposes of govern- menta-who are adopting active measures to turn where these living streams of population. British natu- cabsation ows are shqnged im fAYOE Mh wae HiRISE THR V0 the Capadas, @ontinental under pretext of protecting the health ef their , Mpose VEXa- tious and embarrassing restrainte upon our vessels en- gaged in their transportation. The diminished number of emigrants during the past year shows the result. What makes New York the emporium of our country? Why are the productions of every section of our Union brought here to be ex: for the merchandise of other couniries and climes? Mainly because it isthe only port on this continent which bas a return cargo for ite outward bound ships. Here alone the expense of carry- ing abroad the products of ‘our soil or sit is diminisbed by charging a part to emigrant visiting our snoros, Suan letigutins ame ont country, and you strike a deadly blow to the prosperity of this great city. Why are the farmers in the interior of our own and other States, able to send the fruits of their toil to fore markets? Mainly because the cost of thei transporta- tion is lessened by immigrations. When we trace out all its influencer permeating every industrial purpose, we are ainazed at the madness and folly that seeks to divert it elewhere, and ashamed of the bigroty and ignorance which prompts the effort. The changes of pauperism and criminality made against our foreign citizens are unjust. Their violations of law while they are not familiar with our institui and when placed under circumstances of great and novel temptations, are no more frequent than the commission of crimes by those of American birth when removed from the conventional restraints of kindved and friends, in California, or on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico or the Carribean seas. Absurd efforts are made to trace all the virtues of the Ametican character back to the early colonists; to find the germs of our institutions in their Grst acts after landing upon our shores, and thus to make a distinction between them and the modern emigrant. It is assumed that the former were models of virtue and wisdom, and that we get from them our ideas of civil and religions Uberty. Nothing can be more fallacious, The colony at Plymouth was a religious as- sociation who wished ‘to enjoy their own , peculiar views, and to exclude all who did not agree with them. They made po pretensions to religious toleration. The early colonists were composed of good and bad, of the wise and ignorant. Of the forty-one men who came over in the he deed, within seven months two were punished for fighting a duel, and oue for disorderly conduct, who was subsequently bung for murder, A contentious feeling was shown On ship-board among this handful of men, for it is given asa reason for forming a government, that, “observing some not well affected to unity and concord, but gave some appearance of faction, it was thought good to combine together in one body, and to submit to such government and governors as they should, by common consent, agree to make and choose.” The same conside- rations of religious freedom, or of personal advantage, which led the early colonists to the shores of this conti- nent, continue todraw hither the inhabitants of the old, world, No one denounces the early immigration because there were criminals mingle among the good and wise. ‘The Know Nothing idea that men will make better citi- zens if deprived of political privileges, is most undemo- cratic; that religious sentiments should be persecuted and denounced, is most un-American; and that homes should be denied to the poor and oppressed in our abun- dant unoccupied public domain, is most uncharitable and unchristian. is disposition to interfere with the actions of one class, and tho rights of conscience of another, does not confine itself to local affairs. It creates a desire to con- trol the political freedom of far removed States aad com- munities, At this time, a party powerful in uumbers, resources and talents, in opposition to the warnings and entrea- ties of the patriot whom the American people love and reverende, have entered into the pending political con- test, with the determination of arraying one section ot our common country against another. Its presses con- stantly urge upon the public attention everything of past, present or fancied occurrence which is calculated to excite the prejudices or to arouse the paseions of the North against the South, Blind to the pages of history and deaf to the admonitions of the wise and good, heed- leas of scenes ot suffering, blood and carnage which na- tional passions and prejudices are producing in Europe; unthankful for the progress, happiness and peace of our land, men of narrow pra judices or ot selfish ambition wish’ to reduce the boundaries of our great country down to the dimensions of their limited views or person- al schemer. This treasonable conduct is calied a neces- sary measure of detence against the aggressive power and political influence of the South, It is remarkable that the idea of the undue power of the South mainly originates in the New Englaud States, whose united ter- ritories are less than the arca of Missouri, and their ag- gregate population less than that of New York, and yet who are allowed six times the representation of either in the Senate of the United States. ‘The charges of territorial acquisitions and of political aggressions to promote Southern designs, have been made 80 persistently, that well disposed persons have been mis- led. call your attention to the following facts, gathered from official documents :— In 1790, the population of the Northern States was 1,968,455, and of the Southern 1,901,372. Their numbers were then about equal. In 1850, the population of the Northern States was 13,507,194, and of the Southern 9,612,810. This great disparity has been increased during ‘the last five years. The aonual increase of the popula- tion of the United States, including immigration, is about 900,000, Of the natural increase, 370,000 belongs to the North, “and 250,000 to the South. Of the immigration, assume that 70,000 goes to the South, and 230,000 to the North and West, and it will be seen that the annual in- crease of the population of the free over the slave States is 350,000. By 1860, the population of the Novth will ex- ceed that of the South more than geven and a half millions, ‘The politics) power of the conntry has pa-se} into the hands of the free St and that power is increasing with startling rap vation of our Union depends upon the wis ion and justice of tht North, and yet at this time the party dominan: in this State appeals to Northern passiuns and prejudi; it strives to array the majority against the minority: it tells the majority that it 18 breve and bold to denounce and revile the miner t stigmatizes those as cowardly and have who stand orthern soil to «peak for their whole countiy. This vaunted courage, which seeks a contest with inferior num has studied the etasus s. ‘this imputed cowardice is the courage and pa- of all the good and the great our country has at the resulls of territorial acquisitions® At the { our goverment we had no lands west pi. By the purchase of Florida and the ‘Texas, New Mexico and California, we x country’s area threefold, and extend- tic. The purchase of Florida was more of Northern commerce than Southern » portion is uninhabitable, and its po- ed it to the Pa for the advanta; inieresis. A lar pulation is less than that of some ot our isterior coun- With Cube, it gave to Spain complete contre! of mmerce with the Gulf of Mexico; hence the hern ci ite aequisition. The purchase of Louisiana was made for the purpose of giving to the Western and Northwestern States an open channel to the ocean for their productions, The Southern States dil not nee this; they bordered upon the Atlantic and Gulf of Mex co. ‘Tt also gay th an immense region, ceeding in ex thirteen States, 1 tween the Missiasi and the Paci country watered by the upper Missouri and C rivers and their tributaries, with the advantag: of the best barbers in the This purchase was This vast reg! fillel with and active and enterprising population, A computation will show that ithe extent, and a vastly greater proportion e of the territories acquired by the United States have become or will become free States. ‘The people of the North are uniformly opposed to elave- ry, not from hostility to the South, but because it is re- pugnant to our i with our views we have abolishec of some orld on the Pacitic coast. puthern administration. invites criticism by {ts political and | tive ond aut be mre sonneeat opt tage this fei what should we ‘of men who \ 4 opose to Organize a Massachusetts, Pause they could how thet ad our arms and threatened open treason ant with our enemles in our last contest with Great Britain for rights essen. tial to our national existence, ity and honor. That she apnually commemorates the of the Pilgrim fathers on Plymouth Rock, with laudations for the zeal and energy which led them to fly trom oppression in their native land; that she offers up to the Pro- vidence which them over the rs of the great deep, and for the rest of the year denounces government for letting more of the r, Oppressed and persecuted find a home in our abu: it and fertile territories; that it beasts of her carly commercial enterprize, including the slave trade, and demands that the South shall make immediate restitution for the wrongs done to the negro; that she insists she will not gtve up the fugitive slave Becauso he is poor and oppressed, and yet sends buck across the ocean feeble women and children, to perish with the exhaustion and fatigue of the return voyage, merely because they are destitute and weak; that she rajses contributions to send her citizens to Western Ter- ritories, and sends back to Europe otners because they have been thus aided; that she collects money and organizes bands of amen to control legislation in Kan! and is shocked at the violent int fere of Missouri. It ix mentioned among recent items of news, that a slaver sailed from Boston to steal Africans and carry them into bondage; but this cir- cumstence will be forgotten in the indignation arous through puipit and press, by an unfounded report of a transter of slaves in Kansas. It insists that the negro of the Fouth can and should govern himself, and passes a coercive temperance law because she denies the abili of its own citizens to practice self control. She demands punishment for illegal violence upon her citizens by wis- sourians, and refuses restitution and xemaiy for outrages upon defenceless women. She is so much engaged by lawlessness west of Missouri, that she cannot see the blackened walls which tell of the outra; in view of her seat of government. With laudations of ‘Webster. she practices upon the principles of his great rival Calhoun; she denounoes nullificationin South Caro- lina, and tollows her mag oe) and is at this time partic- ularly en, in seeing that the acts of Congress are obeyed in Nebraska resisted in Massachusetts, If instead of correcting our own abundant faults, we must bave a sectional party, an Holy Alliaece, to inter- fere with other states, it surely should be arrayed against those who have an undue representation in our National Councils; who have sought, and have obtained special legislation for their peculiar advantage; who have demanded tariffs and banks, and extravagant and corrupting systems of internal improvement. The democracy of New York can never array itself against the States of the South who have always stood by the right on all these great questions, and who have never desserted our country in the hour of its peril. But we deny the necessity of any sectional party. Massachusetts will soon recall to mind her better days, and feel that it is unbecoming @ State to become trucu- lent and factious because the course of events has de- stroyed her comparitive consequence. Let us stand up for our whole country, from Maine to Georgia; from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Let us know no geographical distinstions, but content onrselves with correcting our own faults, and upholding sound princi- ples of government. ‘Those who ar dying to form a sectional party found their hopes upon diiferences of opinion among democrats with regard to territorial questions, and they expect to draw some into their organization who differ from them in ninety-nine points because they may possibly agree upon one, and that one not involved in this election. It is true that the repeal of the Missouri compromise wag condemned by many, regretted by others, and approved by a third class. Many deemed its repeal a great wrong; others regretted it as inexpedient; and others again be- lieved the only way to dispose of agitating question, dan- rous to the peace of our country, was to leave them to ra dispunal 0) toa computa particularly concerned. I believe there are few who wish to contend for the restoration of the Missouri compromise. It bas been the singular fortune of this act of Con- gress to have been denounced at the North and South at the time of its adoption; to have been generally condemned during the period'of its existence, and to have created a political convulsion by its repeal We are now trying the policy of allowing the people of the Territories to govern themselves. Heretofore the general government has exercised a control over their afiairs Our vast acquisitions of territory could not be foreseen by the framers of our general government, and we are left upon these great questions to be poverned by the analogies of the constitution, the principles of our institutions, and by weighty consideratinns of policy. ‘There are twotribunal* to which territoral questions may be referred—the general government or the ple of the Territories. Many at the North and the South hold that the general government has jurisdiction and is bound to exercise it, That it isa duty which cannot be avoided. Those at the South contend that they have a right to go into the Territories with slavery, and that Congress should pass laws for their protection, while those at the North urge that it should forbid its introduc- tion, While these two classes agree upon the tribunal, they have also been alike dissatisfied with its action. Other democrats prefer a reference to the popular tribu- nal. They believe it to be most in accordance with the genius and spirit of our institutions. They believe its de- cisions will be honest, in t and wise, for they will be made by those deeply interested ina right result—by those who know best their own wants and condition, and by those who can be influenced by no cosiderations save ose which will advance the welfare of the society in which are involved their hopes and their fortunes. Tney think the inhabitants of the territgries are better judges oftheir own wants. with deeper §nterests in good go- vernment for themselves, than those a thousand miles away, legislating under the influences of passion and rejudice, plunder and pleasure. That the exercise of Jer isdiction by the general government may carry with it by implication other and dangerous powers which the democracy of this State would be unwilling it should possess, agree with those who prefer territorial tribu- nals. The policy of local self-government has been anopteds and I believe there isa disposition on the part of all classes of democrats to have it tairly tested, and it is demanded with justice that there should be no inter- ference with its action from any quarter. It is gratifying to the people of this State to feel that this policy will produce the results which they believe will best promote the prosperity of the Territories. The Jaws of emigration and settlement in our country are as kncwn and as determinable as erithmatical propositions. Emigrants go from States which are most populous. They go trom dearer to cheaper lands. ‘The census of 1860 shows that the population of the North exceeds that of the South 4,000,000. Its annual excess of increase is 960,000. Its population to the square mile is double, and the value of its real estate, by the acre, is about ihvee-fold that of the South. The unoccupied land in the free States is dearer, and in the slave States cheaper, than in the ‘erritories. In the slave States bordering on the Territori@, the public Jands, under the graduation laws, can be bought for lower prices than in the te: rics.’ Most of these lands thus held at reduced rates, are of the Lest quality. The population of Missouri, with an area greater than that of the six New England States, is less than 700,000, and its rate of increase far below that of Iowa or Wisconsin, The number in Arkensas d Texas is still less on each square mile, No one ean lock at these facts and not be satisfied what the results will be. The annual excess of the population of the North ever that of the South, willeach year give three times the population required to entitlé a State to admission into the Union, while the South, under the influence of climates, productions and institutions, is imperfectly settled, and ils smaller numbers are but'thinly scattered over its extended territories. It may be said that events in Kansas are inconsistent with these views. There is a vast amount of misappre- ito rights in our own way, we shontd be willing to lr communities have the same rights end p bh d. We are bound to a elf-government. ¢ to seeure good govern: ch State of this « ground to injure by ass show our respects for the rights of others by fespecting our own, and our desire for good ¢ elsewhere, by governing ourselves wisely and well. us trust that each community like our own, when left free to a will find out ior itself, and not through others, w cerna tts prog nd gord governme New York cal interest doctrine of State righte and local self govesmment. There were those ip the on Which formed our national com- stitution, govern- rho wished to create a consolida’ ment, and to give © prep juenee to the larg €r States Ly representatives based upon population alone, : ¢ day, its ample territory, its fertile « and commanding porition gave assurance of f wealth, population and greatness, the delegate f York strenuously oppored these s:hemes, and ass entire equality of the several State: anti their r sovereignty. It was the only large tate which too! position, A majority of its delegates withdrew fec : convention when this perfect equality was destroyed by giving to the larger States a greater representation branch of the government than was to be en- by the smaller States. It adopted the constitut- jon reluctantly, because its language admitted n sto the rights accompanied by & ratified in fall nimnents prepared by this conven The amendments which this State was chiefly instrumental in omen hield the persons and property of our citizens against unreasonable searches an) seiaures, by regnlating criminal d ing the right of trtal vy jury. sconstruction or abuse néments whieh declare th n rights shall not be com rage ot re powers not dele tutéop, nor prohi by it to the Stat to the States respe iy.’ These artic! the it barriers against the encroachments of the neral government, and the principal defences to the rights and sovereignty of the Stat d the libertice of our citizens. ‘The great prine ch New York as- serted at the period of the adoption of the constitution in bebalf of the several States, and of the rights of the people, she will continue to maintain and defend, Itis’ obvious that agitation with respect to «lavery in the States; measures for advancing personal interests under the cover of protective tariff; for profuse expendi- tures for internal improvements; for the support public treasury of different schemes to promote private wealth and intereste, have a common origin in w views of constitu tional law. The heresies of coe ingistn and sectional one common error, @ desire t nees and affairs of others. The moment the demo- cratic 7 jes, that men are to Le let alone unless they invade the rigi r ‘ 1 themselves are vagaries ani inc New York mu munities, let country, and the g: to denounce the hardy and hardships of frontier life, Those who wish to engage in the impe of denouncing the conduct of « away to the remote Fouth, or Western praries, can find Bisigry pe proven grawus nent business #, Without wandering losing thems ve enfugh in ihe past é WH PGR g Sore, Bh S athe 41 hension with regard to occurrences in that region. Two cl of agitators have concurred in their efforts to ere- ate these fi jews. One atthe North to produce the impressfon that a sectional party must be for sist the South, while certain candidates for of sowri wish t« ify th violent and inflammatooy articles of the journals of both clasves designed to stir up violence and passion, are! re- published with obvious satisfaction, and thus the most offensive sentiments are constantly kept before the differ- ent communities they wish to agitate and excite, There have been impertinent interferences In some and truculent outrages in others, But it is unjust that the conduct of the citizens of old States should be offered as evidence that the people of the prriteries are incapable of self-government. The politi- cal stroggles in Kansas heretofore have had reference mainly to the power of bullding up towns by establishiug the sites of the capitol and county seats. ‘Those who a: earnestly and deeply anzicus on the question of slay would be somewhat surprised by a clove and local in- quity into the views and purposes of parties in Kansan It may be said the numbers which have already gone Kaneat from Missouri show that its cithen: monopolize this territory. Hitherto, rmigeation there bas been controlled by a de- we to secure town lots, When agricultural ea.- }e governed by rules which pees, it will . But few have gone from Missouri or 2 pat expect to get cities. The will soon make their appearance ; the men who till the soil and subdue the earth—men of strong arms and clear heade—who know how to govern themselves, and who will direct their own affairs. Let not all our virtuous indignation be poured out upon the irregularities of order life. When you go among the st in advance improvements, have chop- and ploughed their way almost ment, you will they have gene- rous and i Let us not exhaust all our herror of unlawfnl acts upon — those who are in @ measure unprotected by laws, and be forgetfal of what ocew ing tates. in our own or neighbor. More blood was spilled in a late political canvass in Kentucky than in any or ail of the elections in the Territories in old Stater there sre none of the pa waich grow out of the condition of the border life. Who dees not feel that at this time the rights of conscience wre safer in Kansas than in States which have heretofore beaste’ of their civ lization, refinement and good 6 It, will soon be seen that interference with the rights of those who have the courage, enterprise and vigor to plant themselves west of the Missouri, will be with indignation and contempt. They will vindicate their claim to public respect and confidence. Before an. other year has rolled round, their capocity for wise self government will be «een end conceded, and the subject , 4 poll. ical consequence. period ef speculative excitement in city lots anc tern lands, we must expect agitation when politi cal power in the Territories gives controlling influences in making the sites of towns and cities. It is but a few years since, that theee considerations led to open vio- , land offices in Western me of the central coun- 4 does not grow out of any power rial legislature which has not always Leen conferred upon similar bodies by act of Con- gress. But while the people of New York are agitated about communities, what isthe condition of their own ) May we net do mote for government else- ere b3 les than by any amount of divensaion tinctive differences between he policy of which i am happy yur present Stata nor ‘ndustry will make false al. The democratic party wourual ability and ia vot meilbr xgverpimer Dyeing 8 of mobs with- 4 | soffer, tut for which the law gives no right of dustry, whe will administer the affairs of New York correct political ‘and financial principles, and their tion do more to promote the interests of our and nation than degree of discord and dissension Js ald that proper regard hae not here. we| re- local, sectional or personal controver- that respect until we assume the commanding attitude which belongs to us of right? Elect, as we can, the admirable ticket we have placed in nomi- nation, and New York will and must be respected. Her wishes will be regarded and her voice will be heeded, If there é@ jealousy of her power, let that jealously be re- buked, not gratified. : To every democrat who understands the political history of our country and the distinetive differences between parties, this is of confidence and strength, We ve no alliances with the factions of the hour, Our candidates represent the principles of our convention. Our party is commensurate with the extent of our coun- try, and represents all the truths involved in political tion. On ths other band it is not onl: itted, but it is claimed asa reason fora “new holy alliance,” that no other party does more than represent local feelings or particular.and partial sentiments, At this time we have another involuntary tribute from our opponents. More than half of the public officers elected within ten yeare by the whigs, onc 4 with us: and at their laté con- vention they formally decided that rescuant democrats are better men than consistent whigs, Against all the errore, fanaticism and follies of the day, the democratic party opposes its principles of man’s capacity to govern himself, and the rights of communi- ties to control their own affairs, We are able, tnereforo, to present a single orgenization against the numerous fac- tions of the hour. Gur political opponents, with all their abilities, virtues and merits as good citizens, are in per- etual discoad and confusion. They are divided into d ferent encam) its, goon J different tongues, and re- presenting different and conflicting views, feelinfla and nationalities. To-day they fight a common enemy, to- morrow they may be charging upon each other. ‘The duties of their leaders are of the st arduous charac- ‘er, Some , energetic, and enterprising men are obliged to attend and mas the conventions represent- ing the whigs and fusionists, the anti-renters, the friends of law and order, the Maine law and the liquor dealers, the abolitionists and the silver grays. True, some of them say that they abhor the principles of Know No- thingism, but from the character of their party, they are compelled to organize Choctaw Lodges to beat out Hind: organizations, Some wise whigs see the folly of coercive laws, but they can only say #0 in private, and devise means for the embarrassment of their execution. They can not take open and affective positions upon principe, A review of the subjects which agitate the public mind, shows that a want of faith in man’s capacity. tor self-go- vernment lies at the root of every error with which we have to contend, This is the common centre fr 21 which every diverging heresy always has and always will branch forth. It also shows that the instinctive and dis- tinetive differences between parties never die out, al- though they may manifest themselves under various as- pects. To-day we are discussing the very questions which divided parties at the very formation of our go- vernment. All classes desire the welfare of our country, but all do not pursue it aright. Parties differ with re- rd to principles of action, not with respect to objects. Federalitts, bank men, tariff men, and the discarded whig party, meant well, but it is now seen and admitted that good intentions did not prevent the mischief of false principles. We reject legislative legerdemain. We have but one etition to our law makers--it is, to be let alone. We ave one reliance for good government, the intelligence of the people; one source of wealth, the honest, thinking Jabor of our country ‘one hope for our workshops, the skill of our mechanies; one impulse for our commerce, the untrameled enterprise of our merchants; one remedy for moral evils, religieus education; one object for our Political exertions, the common good of our great and glorious country, While the Governor was speaking the Seventeenth ward Independent Democratic Club entered with music and banners, and with difficulty obtained admission into the already over crowded hall, The speech was often in- terrupted by applause, partially on the hits at Know Nothingiem, the Maine law, and other ill favored ‘isms; and at its close the eloquent and distinguished speaker was vociferously applauded. The Epidemic at Norfolk and Portsmouth. OUR NORFOLK CORKESPONDENCE. Nonroix, Sept. 26-12 Hope for disconsolate Norfolk has almost assumed the guise of actuality. But afew weeks more and we may bid our fugitive citizens to return in safety—the sound of the hammer and the trowel will once more be heard in our now deserted streets—the hum of business will re- commence, and we will be struggling to throw off the incubus now resting upon us—new men will step into the ranks, and their future—but we cannot tell—we hope the time a come again, when all will go “merry as a mar- riage bell.” Among the few new cases, we are pained to cite Mr. R. Dalrymple and lady. Mr.’ Dalrymple is a well known and Wealthy master stonemason in our city. ‘The lady of the Rev. G. I). Armstrong is now very low. He has lost four in his family—one in Richmond—the re- mainder are convalescent. ‘A. Jakernan, reported dead in the Baltimore papers, is convalescent. ‘Those who have fled from the city and taken refuge in he surrounding country, are now fecling the effects of he sickly season in the country, together with the fever. ilearn there have been six cases on one farm—that of Mr. De Bree. Several deaths have been mentioned of pace who have not been to the city for five or six weeks. Miss Avn Herron, a well known patroness of St. Pat- rick’s church (Catholic), is at thie time very low, Mr. Beyan is convalescent. 1 have been requested by Mr. A. J. Gibbs, of Philadelphia, to ef he is not dead, es re- ported in the Baltimore and Philadelphia papers. He at one time was supposed to be dying, and given up by h's physician, but he recovered. He is the druggist of the Howard Infirmary. Thos. White, a policeman of Norfolk, has the color of an orange. He has fully recovered. ‘The following are among those who have died during the last twenty-four hours:—Miss F. Fentress, R. Fortes, Ben’ Charles, Mrs. H. Moore, Mrs. Whitehurst, Mb Spangles, Dr. Odenburger, a German resident of Augusta, and as: sistant in Ludlow & Tunstall’s dispensary; Lizzie Obland, Mrs. Price, There were but twelve deaths yesterday. ‘he following is trom the Howard Infirmary:—Admitted, P. Brown, Lewis Phillip; no deaths in the Infirmary for the last twenty-four hours, Discharged, Edward Kimber, John Francis. There is ho sickness among either the Charlestown or Savannah delegation. The weather con- linues quite cool. Our only fear is a change. mg as {Cis and our day of deliverance is not NC Norvoux, Sept. 25, 1 Since the denth of the gallant Ferguson, Presiden: of the Howard Association, the disease has continued to strike at “shining marks"—John D, Gordon, the banker, a reliable citizen; Caleb Bensal, of the firm of Bensal & Brother, millers, (the first flour mill lately established under their enterprise in this city charles Beale, Exq., formerly editor of the Keening Neivs, and betier known with you as the historian of the iss Bunkley, the escaped nun; Richard Tunstall, Esq., of the firm of Lud- low & Tunstall, apothecaries, and largest prescriptionists in the elty, (Mr. Tunstall resigned as surgeon in the U. S. Navy within the year). I have the unfel, to communicate to you the deaths of these s citizens, this morning, as having occurred since this time yesterday, Nota person of the Howard Association bat what has been through the disease or fallen victims to it, except John K. Langly, Esq., of this city. This young man has earned a reputation by his unceasing attention to the sick and suffering, that time cannot elluce or the eM feted ever forget. Day and night finds him at his post, administering to the distressed and soothing them with his consolatory manner. The.disease is no doubt lessening, but those that take it now are taken off with- out delay—it is much more virulent in its ene NEW YORK LIQUOR DEALERS AND NORFOLK sUF- FERERS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORE ERALD. Our aviention has been called to an article in the Henan. siating that the Astor House might have been the hotel refereed to as contributing so large an amount, to the liquor dealers’ fund, for the benefit of the Norfolk and Portsmouth suiferers. We deem it our duty to correct the above statement, as the un- dersigned called upon Mr. Coleman, and he devlined con. tributing anything to the above fund. ‘A full list of the Third ward ¢ nirfbntors will be found in another colamn. G. MALONEY, OSEPH HARRISON, Committee of the Third wa: It appears by the list of subscriptions published in another column that the Mquor dealers of the Third ward yave contributed $800 for Norfolk—more, it is said, than any other two wards of the city have contributed. The committee have done well. Supreme Court—Circuit. Before Hon. Judge Cowles. TRE NINTH AVENUE RAILROAD INJUNCTION DIS SOLVED. Skrt. 27.— Wetmore and al. vs. Story and al.—Cow1ss, J. <In a previous opinion read to counsel, but not filed, the conclusion had been arrived at which is still retained, that the grant in question had been ly made, but the opinion was also expressed that for other reasons the injunction should in part be continued. Upon that branch of the case a re-a: it was asked and ordesed. It has since been had, that branch of the case re- viewed. Upon a more full consideration of the case, ' m persuaded that the ground on which it was determined to continne the injunction in part was erroneous, ‘nat error I must feel no hesitation in admitting, and still | ss in correcting. In the laying down of this railroad tr. *k and running cars thereon, the defendants will act unuer an authority lawfully conferred by the Common Counc 4 sanctioned, if such sanction were required—as think it was not—by the act of the Legislature of April, 184. The construction of the road will invade none of plaintifis’ vested rights of property—for, ax mere owners of property fronting upon the streets through which the railroad is to pass, tl none which will be un- lawfully taken by its construction. Whatever inconve- niences they may suffer, there is here no taking of pri- vate property for public nie, and would be none, even did they own the fee of the streets opposite their re- pective lots. (Lexington and Ohio Railroad Company vs. Applegate, 8 Dana, 290.) (yitiane vs. New Jersey Central Railroad Company. 18 Barb., 222.) (Chapman vs. Albany and Schenectady Railroad Company. 10 265.) (Hadcliffe’s Executors vs. 4 Com., 196.) The ineonveniences which plaintiffs are to suffer will re- sult solely from the fact that this new mode of using those streets will unterfere with the extent and mode of its present and former use by them as merebants doing business on the line of the streets, same effect would follow, however, were the streets blocked up by lines of stages, after the fashion of lower Broadway. But the contemplated use of such streets by the defendants will be lawful in itself, and the injury which the plaintiffs will thereby suffer will be the consequential result of the enjoyment by the defendants of a legal right in a | wanner, which right has teen secured to them by the myefent municipal authority. Such an effect upon a party is a case of damnum absque injuria. It is one of those inconveniences from which all parties are linble to ion. The principle which governs in this class of cases is laid Bacon and in Wiliams ys. the New York Cen- Company, 18 Barb., where, at page 247, itis aid of an injunction cannot be invoke! to poli » nor Will am action lie to redress a consequential Re on ee es power of the state, or authorised b compton) orci authority.” And in language still more concise by Mr. Justice Bronson, in Ri le’s Executors vs. Mayor, 4 Comst., where, at page 200, he says:—‘An act done under lawfal authority, if done in a proper manner, can never subject a party to an action, whatever consequences may follow.” Tinight, but need not, print authorities to demonstrate the correctness of this doctrine as a sound and weil settled principle. Such authorities will be found referred to and ‘examined by that accomplished jurist in the caso last cited, He then points out the distinction in the conse. quences resulting from the enjoyment of a right, or the use of one’s property in a lawful and in an unlawful manner, In the first this class of casey no action will lie for an injury to another re- sulting from such enjoyment or use. In the latter it will. ‘The case at bar falis within the former class of cases, The grant in question has been made in the form pre- seribed by law. The propriety of allowing the streots to be used in this mauner was a subject upon which the Common Council had Sol leanne power toact, A le- islative diseretion exer in the forms prescribed by w and upon a subject matter over which the legislative mas whether State or looal, has full control, 1s not the subject of revision by this Court. Besides, if this Court could, merely because it tends to increase public travel and yonder approaches to stores and places of business to jJoad and unload goods more difiicult, inhibit the use of railroad cars im the public streeis, equally may it for similar reasons restrain the use of ‘stages or any othor vehicles used by the public which tends to produce like effects. Lower Broadway, within a recent period, has, by the increase of stages and other vehicles in that part of the city and the annoyances connected therewith, been nearly suined as a place of residence, just as the plainti(ts complain that Greenwich and Washington street will, b; the running of these cars, be ruined asa place of busi- nese, Merchants in lower Broadway are now far more obetructed in facility of yppronck to their places of busi- ness with carts to load and unload goods than the plain- tiffs will be by the running of these cars, But there is no principle which will authorize an injunction in the one case to restrain the running of cars to relieve the plaintit', which will not equally authorize ono to restrain fhe running of stages through Broadway for the relief of merchants there. This view of the cave is suggested merely to illustrate the practical application of the rule of law which must govern in both of these cases, The merchants in the lower part of Broadway cannot, bra in- junction, restrain the use of stages in that part of the ublic streets. because those using them do so in the en- yment of a right secured to them by a license from the proper municipal authority. The defendants in tho run- ning these cars will do so {n the enjoyment of a similar right derived from the same source. If, in either case, the result is injurious to those doing business on the line of those streets, this Court has no power to prevent the injury by injunction or to redress it by action, The de- fendants must have judgment that the injunction be dis- solved with costs, FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. MONEY MARKET, Fripay, Sept. 28—6 P. M. The stock market does not present any new feature: ‘The tendency of prices is downward, but the bears a rather shy of entering into long or large contracts on time, All the leading fancy stocks were operated in to- day to some extent. The cash sales are made principally by those who are for the time in want of money, and the purchasers on time are principally those obliged to call for cash, Although compelled to realize Yor the moment, they have sufficient confidence in the future to fill up their line again on thirty or sixty days. It will be seen that the fancies have suffered most. Some of the good stocks have sold in small lots at prices from one to three per cent below those current a few weeks since, but the sales have been to a triflingextent, and do not affect the value of such securities generally. The most extraordi- nary feature of the market is the firmness with which Erie is sustained, under the circumstances, It has fallen about two per cent from the highest point, which is con- siderably less than some others on the list. At the first board to-day Louisiana 6’s declined 34 per cent; Ilinofs Cen- tral bonds, 3{;Canton Company, 34; Nicaragua Transit, 14; Hudvon River Railroad, 3g; Harlem, 14; Reading Railroad, 243 Michigan Central, 144; Galena and Chicago, 1; Cleve- land and Toledo 34; Chicago and Rock Island, 14. Cumber- land and Erie closed at yesterday’s prices, with large sales of each, Canton Company was unusually active to-day. With the exception of Illinois Central, railroad bonds were not in demand, and State stocks were neglected. We have no doubt the outsiders will avail themselves of the present and future depression in the market value of certain sound dividend paying securities, to purchase largely on time, buyer’s option, sixty days, #9 as to carry their con- tracts beyond the existing pinch in the money market. Sixty days will, without doubt, cover all contingencies, and bring speculators again iato smooth water with fair winds, October will undoubtedly be a squally month in financial affairs, and it would be best to prepare for a pretty sharp contraction in bank credits, The bears will be sure to make the most of it while it lasts, and the probability is, that they will not only extend their opera- tions beyond the most stringent point, but will fail, while the opportunity exists, to take in their shorts, and theve- by lose the differences which may tura up in their favor. The great dificulty with all stock speculators is, that they run on in the same tack too long. They do not seem to know when to change their course, and both parties eventually lose all they have previously gained. After the adjournment of the board, the following sales of bonds and stocks were made at auction by Simeon Draper:— $3,000 Virginia sixes 3,000 North Carolina . } shares Webster Fire Ins. ee Also, on account of an original subscriber, the follow ing interest in the following companies:— 2,994 shares Mahanoy and Shamokin Improvement Com- pany, capital $1,500,000; shares $50 each. 4,900 shares Trevorton and —= Railroad Com- pany, capital $1,000,000; shares $20 each. 968 shares Northumberland and Union County land As- ciation, capital $200,000; shares $20 each. Sold in lots of 1 share of Jand, 3 of coal and 4 of Rail- road stock, par Value $270 per share,.....+++++« At the second board there was no material change in prices, There was not much stock offering. Most of the sales made were a shade better. Purchases, buyer sixty days, appears to be the favorite way with operators for arise, just now, and it is our impression that where proper discrimination is made in stocks, ali such con- tracts will prove profitable. The Assistant Treasurer reports to-day as follows:— Paid on Treasury account..........++ + $96,653 71 Received config . T2818 13 Int added. 97 do, 99% a 9934 Palance do. - 6,988,539 45 Paid on disbursing checks. . 8,338 18 The warrants entered at the Treasury Department, Washington, on the 25th inst., were as follows:— For the redemption of stocks...... For the Treasury Department... For the Interior Department. For the Customs.......... War warrants received and entered. War repay warrants received and entered. Drawn on account of the Navy ‘The Carthagena (N. G.) Tribune, in speaking of the @ National Bank of New Granada,” to be located at Bogo- ta, regrets that the charter was issued «0 soon (26 days) after the passage of the law authorizing the establish- ment of the bank, inasmuch as, if sufficient time had been allowed, other companies in England and the United States might have competed for the privilege, and per- haps at a lower rate of interest than ten per cent, which is established by the government. ‘The annexed statement exhibits the comparative pro- ductiveness of four of our most prominent railroad com panies, for the present fiscal year of each:— New York Centran Ramroap, Gross earnings, year ending Sept. 50, 1855, official and estimated .. 2 Operating exp estimated, per cent... sane ++ 88,100, Interest on $11,660,000 debt, 6 per ot." €96,000 Do. 8/000,000 do.’ 7 per ct. 210,000 Sinking fund on $3,000,000, 144 per ct 37,500 Floating debt, &C....sssscsseeessee 000 Total —Equa per cent stock. crise al Te oman Gross earni mont pril 1, iclally Teperted and estimated... ., $1,600,000 Operating expenses, estimated. {,!)'$800; Interest on debt + 140,000 Bureau Valley NOt. ..cecssessecsecees —Equal to 16 per cent on MrcmGaN SouTHERN and Nortwery Lypiana Rartnoan. Grogs earnings 12 months to January 1, 1836, oficially reported and estimated. $2,850, Operating expenses, Interest on $4,600,000 debt... ‘tiyoal to 23 per cent on $4,500,000 stock. The capital expended on the Michigan Southern and Northern Indiana is about $12,000,000. Of this sum, up- wards of $3,000,000 has been expended on work not yet in use, The Goshen line, 190 miles, is to be opene! about a eS eG suena axp Cmrcaco Rat Roap. Gross earnings 12 months ending May 1st, 1856, ‘of@cial and estimated ... oes. $2,001,824 0 ting expenses, sees ss $041,092 i Leakdory yy apmie 1 alaa interest on surplus, 42,000 Credit P boa fo 90,700 Net... ir ee vee $1,620,042 al te ee sent 9D $4,500,009 5 ‘The truth or fairness of these statements we have no reason todoubt. The officers of the several companies are men ofthe highest character, both for honor and in- telligence. They could not for a moment be supposed to be guilty of the folly—to say nothing of the impropriety —of making estimates which the end of the year might prove to be exaggerated. Assuming, then, the figures te be substantially correct, we must say, they reveal some very curious facts. It will be seen that while the stock of these companies is selling in the market at a difference of lees than twenty per cent, there is a range in the ac- tual net profits of some 280 per ceng. Taking Michigan Southern as the basis, and calling it worth 150 per cent, the stocks should stand as follows:— New York Central. Chicago and Rock Island... Michigan Southern and Nort 0 Galena and Chicago.........+ 360 Or, if we take Central at par, the relative position of the stocks, according to theix uet profits, is as follows:— 2 per cents Why the New York Central, with its bare eight per cent, commands in market a price very nearly equal to: stocks earning double and even quadruple the amount of money net, we confess we are at a loss to waderstand. We should suppose that any person capable of telling the: difference between, eight, sixteen, twenty, and thirty-six dollars, would not find it very difficult to decide where to invest his hundred. True, the Western companies do not divide quite this amount; but they carn ft—and that is the great point for capital- ists to look to, They do not divide all their earn- ings, for the reason, we presume, that they have a re- mote suspicion that in process of time some portion of their property may by friction, rust, or other natural or accidental causes, wear out and require renewing. In this notion we are aware they are peculiar. They differ from the apparent opinions of nearly all other railroad managers. They willinsist upon increasing their reserved fund from year to year, in a ratio evengreater than their increase of receipts, ‘The stockholders cannot, however, be greatly damaged by this. If time shall prove that these gentlemen are mistaken, that railroad fron, and ties, and bridges, and engines, and cars, &., are not, like other stuff of the kind, swhject to decay, the money will be in hand, and can be handed over in the shape of an extra dividend. One would suppose, in view of the above table, that the Central, to maintain itself in the market so nearly on apar with the other roads, while its net earnings were comparatively so very far below them, must have some reculiar and extraordinary advantages not therein men- tioned, ‘That it was newer, fresher, cleaner—less worn and decayed ; that ity stock had never been watered; that it was under better management; that it had a larger surplus on hand; cost less per mile, was without competing railways and water communication—in short, that it could, for the future, give a better guaranty for the payment of its dividends than the other roads, Pre- cisely the reverse of all this is the fuet. Central is possi. Itnot only hae the gout and the rickets, but is. compelled to carry “weight for age.” The monster has been over-stocked, over-burthencd, over-watered, tilb another drop would break iis huge back. There has deen piled up on this road upwards of $20,000,000 of stock and Uouds, not one dollar of which was ever spent cn the properly Its track and equipment, notwith- standing a large portion of the proceeds of the last years $3,000,000 issue of bonds was spent upon them, is old, worm-eaten, rusty, and rapidly decaying. No reserva- tion whatever is made from carnings to meet the im- mense depreciation of this portion of the property. By the skin of their teeth they pay their eight per cent divi- dend, leaving the idea of a depreciation or renewal fund totally out of the question, The inevitable result of such a course must be another $3,000,000 issue in a very: short time. Thousands of people bold on to the Central as they do to an old horse that has done them good service. There have been times when to hold it was a fortune. Men who invested a smallsum found themselves in a few years rich from fat dividends in cash, and four or five times as much stock as they started with. Central has friends, and well it may bave. Twenty million of dollars can: hardly be squandered on a three hundred mile road with- out attaching somebody to it, from gratitude—if not from. the hope of more. But Central has had its day. Ite fine pickings, its doubling up of stock, its rich dividends, are at anend. Its dividends haye dwindled to the poor paltry allowance of eight per cent—a sum two per cent below the ordinary rate of real estate investments, This is squeezed out with the utmost difficulty, and must soom. dwindle to seven, six, and probably five per cent. When it reaches that figure we shall expect to sec the old fogies wake up and begin to look round for a better invest- ment. The Boston Journal, in speaking of the depreciation ia railroad stocks in that market, says:— It cannot be denied that people have had good reasons for distrusting railway securities in the uniortunate ex- perience of the lust two years, Misman.gement, failure, and frauds have had their effect, and it is not surprising that owners of this description of stock have become thoroughly disgusted and disheartened. Scarcely a rail- way in New England but which in some way has disap- pointed the expectations of its friends, aud one after an- other has diminished its dividends or been forced tem: rarily to suspend them entirely. The result of all trouble will eventually benefit railways, placing them ona more substantial and reliable basis, and bringing them under better management; but meanwhile the me- dicine is operating upon the system, and although the patient is in a fair way to become stronger and healthier than before, the present weakness and prostration is natural and unavoidable. A returnto rere and better dividends will gradually restore the great bulk of railway securities to public confidence, And until this period rives, it is useless to contend against the current of popu- lar will. Of what avail is it to say that such roads as the Fitchburg or Providence, for example, are every day progressing to a better position, by the liquidation of their debts, and the improved condition of their tracts and equipments’ The answer is, ‘‘No dividends,” and, the arguiment is all-powerful in producing deprassion. 28, 1855, $7000 Ind Stat 55 1500 Viegisis 55 20000 do... 55% 1000 Toufsiana 0's 5535 1000 KrieCon Bs. ’71 5536 2000 H R Ist mig Bis 100 5536 1000 H K 3d mig Bas. 7334 55 29000 Ill Cen RE Bds. 84 Cm i 54 BA: 55 40 ‘i 4036 2000 N York Cen 7's. 104 ry) 4000T H & Al2d mg bs 80 3 26 50 shs Bk Commerce. 10834 <3 26 12 Continental Bank 1063, 200 do... B60 263% 200 Can 2A 100 Reading RR..«60 100 25° 50 0 .....030 949E 100 50 100 500 200 100 18 Penn Coal Co, 200 Nic Tren Co . 50 0.5. 060 do, v8 19) 60 a bd 5MicS&N'nlaRR 105 9 105 1 do... 82 200 Chi & Rk Is Risdm 99 bt do. 1 160 do, $1000 Ind State 5.’s.. 82 12500 Ill Cen RR Bds 837% do......b30 84 250 Rrie Rit,,..s60 54 i a a Oe toss. s:b60 2035 00 do 260 2596 Family Marketing. RETAIL PRICE OF FARM PRODUCE IN WASHINGTON MARKET. Notwithstanding the great quantity of cattle recently brought to the city, and the consequently reduced wholesale price, the market shows no disposition on the part of retail dealers to lower their prices. Beef maintains the same rates, mutton is somewhat cheaper, but veal is very scarce and dear. Poultry and fieh are very little, if anything, cheaper, while butterand eggs have advanced slightly, Vegetables, of which there are a great quantity in market, maintain about the seme rates. Fruit of all kinds have advanced in price, —— CITY TRADE REPORT. Fripay, Sept. 28—_6 P.M, Asnrs,—Sales of 30 or 40 bbls. were made without change in prices. SE Pre Flour—The market was without “2 of moment, the upward tendency being checked by pcvanes We he sates of be Tae seies