The New York Herald Newspaper, August 25, 1855, Page 2

2 — ‘@apertia adda to tpt) swatlowed up alive by the peocwe oy eae) ‘A letter received to-day from st. Petersburg, and dated July 29, mentions that (ho weather there had lately beou vary tearm » the thermometer stanaing #t.#7.° ip the ahade. “There bad been sovera) thunder storms, and a sumber of person? bad been Killed by lightning. Fires Bad been frequent—tifty bouser, mostly in the pecs been burned down atone of them. The external manifestations of ing for the late Czar are begin- to disappear, aud t 3p in about 4 mont! iret half of the year will have when the Freach theatre will 1 "Musical entertainmenta are already given be re-open! he Prince of Pravsia has assisted at seve- yal reviews, The number of Americans at St. Petersburg ‘comparatively quite large, and all agree in eulogizi eee alee tag nape, zaeMenD Deed GaN oak mour, the. =. Minister, and Mr, Lrving, the Secretary of Legation. The three officers of the United States army who went to Russia on @ tour of inspection, had just re- turned from Moscow, and were to leave on tbe 30th inst, for Berlin, to continue their observations in Southern Furope, abd eventually esaay a vinit to the allied camp im the Crimea. Although not authorized to visit § topol, they have been quite kindly received at St. Pete! burg, hy ye ity for sight seeing, thereabouts, haa deen afforded them. Drs. Thrall, McMillan, and Smayzer, have entered the Russian service, and have ‘been sent to Hel 4. Rev, Mr, Haskell, the American chaplain who recently ‘‘settied’’ St. Petersburg, bas Become quite @ favorite with the American colony there. The Duke de Levis and M. Chapot, have both disa- vowed, #0 far as they are severally concerned, the reve- Jntions of Carlist plots with Russia, furnished by the dccuments found upon Gen. Elio. But their disclaimer not produce much impression ou the public mind, The text of the Pope's discourses in the secret consis- tory of the 26th July, relative to the difficulties of the Holy See with Spain and Sardinia, has been published by the’ Univers. The Piedmontese government ix declared excommunicated; for the present, Spain is only repri- wounded, and adjured to retract its errors, Switzerland, too, comes in for a word of pious reprod The Moniteur publishes no despatch to-day from the Grimes. Important War News. @REAT ACTIVITY OF THE ALLIES IN THE CRIMEA WHE ADVANCE ON SEBASTOPOL—AFFAIRS IN ASTA —SIEGE OF KARS BY THE RUSSIANS—-NO HOPES OF PEACE—THE ALLIES ABOUT TO ENTER THE PRINCIPALITIES—-FRENCH REINFORCEMENTS. Faris (Aug. 10—6 P. M.) Correspondent of London Times.) The following private loiter has been received from Vienna, dated August 7— . ‘The telegraphic news from the Crimea received hero it ‘ef the 4th trom the allies, and of the 2d from the Rus- gians. No important event had oceurred up to that date hefore Sebastopol. The bombardment of the bastions to Scontinues, with slight iuterraption, day and night, ‘The Russians, who return it continually, are, nev Yeas, unable to destrey the works of the sixth pai and itis even said that it has completely inipossibl for them to ascertain its posit This new bombar ment is effected by the old redoubts, as the new batteri will not be ummasked till the day of the geueral bou- bardment. On all the other points of the € tivity is observable. ‘The Russians fortily Arabat Geniichi on the land and sea side. These two places are the key for the ulterior operations of the allies in the Crimea and Upper Taurida, The light squadron from Marneilles will be perfectly suites to the task of taking it. There is no yory recent new: a Kara, General Mouravieft is at Kony-Keui, a «the south Kars, his eneampments are in a healthy coun furnished abundantly with water, wood and forage, Wafik Pacha, being determined to defend himself in Kars, and uot’ meaning to capitulate, the Russians are Preparing to open on the 12th of July’ their first parallel near Kouy-Keui i ved here that Count Buol received yesterday non the part of England and Pranee that dey s neyotialions for peace, to interfere re events: of the war, Letang at Vienna is cons ith arrangements relati epening of for the allied armies in the Principalitie mored here that one of the exiled French Generals is expected at Frolisdorf, Mix hundred and twenty mev the 98th regiment of the tine, and 300 of the wagon train, arrived at Marseilles on the Sth inst., and left on the following day for Toulon, A battery of artillery, and two detachments of artillery- men, of 200 each, also entered Marseilles on the 8th. The Toulcnnais, of the 7th inst., announces that 4, men were embarked at Toulon in the month of July, for the Fast. The steam frigate Canada sailed on the tih for the Crimea, with detachments of artillerymen and tovops and 40 Kight hondred and seventy , for immetiate em- ea considerable as being connecte barkation. The Toulonnais al Mead the assaulting vided with a tort of cuirae states that the AL Sobaste nmin the movements of tire soldier eof the body, from the neck down to the kne Tha four French gunbo: fale, Rourrasqt tridre, and Stri dl on the 26th wit The prohibition issued at the headq French army in the Crime elative to the Meters, refers, Lam assured, to the con tended for the newspapers, nent by the ollicers and ‘The steam frigate Davie mante, going to the I @orunra, on the Sd, on o A letter from Toulon, sailing of the ship of the ine Jupiter, towed by the félgate Canada. They carry 1,500 mea to the C ‘Nhe liner Donawerth likewise sailed wilh the f Uranie, carrying 1,400 men. The Prince J Barking troops. The Inflexible and Pseyeho had arrived from the Black Sea. 4,500 men had | embarked at Toulon for the Fast during the last month. In the English House of Commons, on August 10, in answer to Sir H. Willoughby, Mr. Monseil said:—The last accounts received from the Crimea contained most tis- factory assurances that the army was well supplie” sith guns of all kinds. He was also able to state that the mumbers of every de m of guns and batteries cent ut had been greatly sed during the last thre weeks, and there was every reason to believe that ine sho Bime the state of things in the Crime would be mare ea!is Foctory than ever it had been. (Hear, hear.) What the Allies Have Eifeeted tn the Baltic, {From the London Times, Aug. 11.] We learn by telegraph th: ‘Tih inst, the united Meets of England and Fray and that an immefiate Some such measure had been for some time a nor was this atall unnatural, for we have » Baltic one of the most powerful flects whi upon the ocean; our offensive means are ently en mous, acd the valor of our sailors is ine extable. We that the expected operation will, if at- tempted, be entirely successbal; but we do not consider that any sound reasons would exist for public disappint- ment if none such took place. It is perfectly true that our naval armament hr the Baltic is exceedingly strong, and equaily so that « cer- tain amount of positive performance is naturally looked for at first sight from a force so large, but it would, we the Dardment of any of the enemy 4 et of the Baltic expedition is the maintenas kade, and the assertion in those waters of the supre- macy of the allies np to the very coasts of their foe, W ‘offer battle to the Russian feet; and, if this mach vaunt- ed squadron dares not venture out to face ns, we up in its own ports, and shut the fag of the Czar he reas. After obtaining this complete and bivod- Yess triumph over the navy of the enemy, we d Dis com © by depriving him of all me weritime intercourse, and making prize of youl under Russian co All thet F Great aimed at in transfer the seat of Ru vernment to St. Petersburg, that the Cyare str for in grasping the seabours Baltic, i now | them. For ail practical parposes that ven Ix now to Russia, and more effect indeed; than even by the win ter ice itself, for armies have before now been trans- ried across whereas nothing can peuetr the chain of British cruisers, Meantime, the whole on is insured to the allies without danger of a hostile flag. We fare at war with a country considering it maritime Power, and actually claiming to possess, a@orling cent siatements, no fewer than 00 ships of the | frigates, 70 smaller vessels, and 40 steamers. Yet, not withstanding all this, our shores are preserved in perfest immunity from any hostile attack, and our merchant. mon traverse every sea with ax much indifference: and mafoty as if peace had never been broken, or our eens) bad never owned a ship of war, Add to this the humilt ation inflicted on Russia along her own coasts, and the wervice performed by the Baltic feet will appear, we think, by no means unsubstantial or negative, even if it fe not illustrated by any brilliant feat of arms. It may be urged, however, that besides all this, which ie accomplished, as it ware, by the mere presence of the feet, the powers of offence possessed by so formidable an armada might as well be exerted for the positive dev(eac- tion of any forts, ships or stores of the enemy within our reach No doubt they might, for nothing leas than such terrible work ix the veritwble mission of war; but inas much a4 our chief objects are already secured, it hehoves us well, before engaging in any such operations, to strike very carefully our balance of profit and loss, and to con sider what ix to be gained by pitting our ships in a re lar ot concerted attack sgainst the granite batteries of We might, perhaps, prove that th as effectual defences than they ha considered, ond, if we could, indeed, @stablich the supe- rhority of our broadsides #0 comelusively as to demolish one fort after another, the impression made wu the enemy might be most important. But as we have do land forces at hand by which any «uccers could be followedestp against such garrisons os the Russians keep in these fortresses, what would be the gain ia destroying front of sea defences at the risk, perhaps, of a ship or ‘two by the chances of shot or fire fe it observed gthat these fortifications are not like those of Sebastopol— marked out for destruction on their own special account, and the calculation, therefore, \¢ simply one of relative Profit and loss, Perhaps in the course of the cannenade er bombardment we might demolish 4 certain amount of groperty, or blow up a magazine or two; but, if oar own Sarualtion hap to be In proportion, where would be ‘the gain? i appears to na, we must say, that the struggle in the Raltic greatly resembles the between the dog and the fish, but with this material advantage on the side of the fish, that the standing results of contest are Jargely in ite favor, We have not been able to get at the Baseians, nor can the Russians get at us, but the dead Jock which i¢ produced answers our pu without anewering theirs, We sioply send o to thetr shores, and by this proceeding we intliet uw them incessant los, trouble, and humiliation. They are compelled to fortify their coaata with tie ‘atmort care, to maintain large forces at various poin tosubmit to a blockade entailing ruinous embarrass: ments, and to be uncertain all the while whether, in «pito of thelr defences, we may not at any moment accomplish something more. Every had tells against them, for every @ay carries ite own account of lows, We, it is trae, have mot succeeded in fot Bao batteries stronger than sbore batteries, bave Spparently, therefore, re- Gaced to a standstill, as far as active operations are con- w#rned; but thie ipaction includes in reality the work of NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, AUGUST wor, white the coat to us is apes 3 but the maintenance of the feet, and that with no great wear and tear. Weare of opinion, therefore, that our Baltic expedi- tions ought to be regarded as substantially successful, even though little may a to be done. The real work of the Paltic fleet is jockade, and, if that blockade is thoroughly maintained till our ‘eruisere the ice, we rhall have @ large balanoe vor. Inthe Black Sea our work is of a di ter. There we are upremittingly prosecuti g a partieu- lar opération. We wish to take Sebastopo!, «ad we mea- sure our success by our progress towards this epecial ob- ject. In the Baltic there is no purpose bef us go mate- Tially delineated. Our object there is compound, We have first to aseert our command of the sea, and then to nullify the oilensive power of the enemy, destroying in the meanwhile bis resourees by shutting out his veo els from the water. These ends we have eifectually aes m- plished, and the euecess, we think, is of no small imp r- tance, even although Admiral Dundas may not des! y either Sweaborg or Cronstadt. We have, however, g. reliance on that officer’s ability and discretion, and tw - lieve that be will engage in noyoperation which does not hold out a fair prospect of success, Of that he must be the best judge; our object is only to warn our readers against extravegant expectations, and to show that the humiliation of our evemy does not necessarily depend upon such an attack as that, the triumphant result of whizh we hope in a few bours to announce. Corruption and Approach! Turkish Government-rt Cause of Emigration. In the English House of Lords, on August 10th, Granville moved that tho House Wo go into. comanitteo on he exebeuer ills (£7,000, 000) bill, ‘After a few words from Lord Monteagle and the Earl of Malmesbury, i Earl Gze¥ raid—T cannot avoid taking this opportunity ot expressing my opinion of the great impoticy of the convention which has been entered into with France and Turkey. Without imputing the slightest suspicion of the French governwent, without implying the smaller dite trust of our ally, Lsubmit that. the form of the convention és singvlarly caleulatal to lead to juture défficulties betiveen , to disturb that good understanding ly exists, and to throw on this country n’ much ‘heavier than wo are now led This is an arrangement which ia to lavt fore long course of years, and will not be completed until probably all who have contributed to carry it into effect ‘will have either ceared to take & part in ihe management of affsirs or havo ended the term of their “natural existence. We are, in the first place, made responsible. for the whole interost of the Turkish loa if Turkey does not pay, and T conceive no man in his reuses believes” that the Turkish empire will bein caistence 40 years hence, oF tha here 18 tha remoteat chance of our not being called, upon to nay the interest which we have bargained topay. When we ave paid that interest, it will be for us to call upon France to reimburse ns her proportion. But, looking at the future, many changes may take place,’ and. many questions thay arco between the two countries whieh are now upon the best possible terms, Having some pored eet-off, the French government may claim the Prwithholding that payment. We, on the other hand not admitting any such right, may insist on being reim- pureed, and difficulties may arise between the two countries. We bave examples in our own history how little those who a rangemonta of tl i foresee what may hay the course of years Your lovdshins cannot forget. the circumstances Of the Russian Puteh loan. D remember this coun- try guaranteed that loan. Wo uleo know that the honor of this country stands deserved , aud that no party will ever sanction any course of proceeding which is not consistent with good faith; yet within a very few that arravgement, ci wh very numerous party in this « gue we Tonger ealled upon to continue our payments on account of the Russo-Vuteh loan. Those who member the a m:tances are aware that the government were scarcely able to maintain the arrangement in the House of Com- mnons. Tori Dryas ral at the time, exp: the rupture between Pelgivin auc ot in any way aifvct our obligation, and that good faith required the pay- ments should not bo interrupted; were interrupted, and had alwa, Course. of lg of the Taxation a a tinancial bu to expect. very few s been made ia due Far! Grey.—The statement of the noble baron con- firms my argument. He siates truly, his respected father gave an opinion, the soundness of which no one can doubt, that the obligation of this eountry continued binding. Notwithstanding thats high opinion, it was t uiliculty ‘Phat the govermnont were ain in the House of Commons chy t would not they were defeated, coupled with y ir part, enabled them to Parliament. Who woul nce lo contemplate that rmment which might th wos dis- or thirty exist (it France + had occurred, and would the loon, Joaving their shi These orrible, but probable. ing toans for taught us it is de subsidy in di your same th: Tue; the rese of edit is all This isthe lan- hire times to your tlemen by their 4 who wish to prey their ignorance and eve- n y, “Chere is no diftienlty about getting ay but the money lender hikes to have it is only putting your name upon th the bill; itis a mere form, and doea not thing.’” Too often the young gentleman afterw that it would bave been far cheaper tofpive hi: to his friends by a direct giftor loan than by the mode of backing a b rhe government has taken a simils imprudent e with regard to Turk 1 fea it will be fo! dy the same results. jove that, out ofall the millions which this country has voted in subsidies, uot one of those subsidies “has been fol- lowed by the advantages which this country has ex- pected from them, Still, if we are to have subsidies, jet vs have them ina plain and straightforward manner, and uot subsidies in disguise. If you give your money, ypu inay take some security that if wid be devoted to the pArpores for which it was intended, If you ray you will pay the bills you may send your « wn officers to see that the money to the soldiers and to the merchants who supply provisions for them, and your object will then be accomplished. But if you only jive security for Tarkey, you cannot, without setting aside her independen nation, prevent her from having the contry ney. Four lordships know the present stale of that most corrupt of all governments, the Turkish parcenient, anil that it is notorious that, of the money w ought to go into th Turkish Treasury for public purposes, no small pr goes indo the handy of corrupt pashas and qripi lenders. Your lordships well remember the state of the Turkish army in Asia last winter, By the cone testimony of all the newspapers, the state to which the army Was reduced was, not because Tur- key had not a sufficient sum of money wherewith to pay the men, but because the funds had been the sub- ject of unbounded peculation, In ail countries there is a dispo to extravagance in the ture of the government money, tut ia a country Turkey that extravagance and peculation itis im ble to check. I did not intend to advert to. this si but it has heen incidentally raised by my noble frven Before T sit down, as the bill bet House provides another loan of £7,000,000, it is impossible for me to bear expressing the alarm and regret with w received this prop for an additional loan. My lo: we have already sanctioned a loan of £16,000,000; thon there is the guarantee of the Turkish loan, which, in the most favorable view, is equal to anot n of half the mount, £2,500,000; then the some so= on such draughts wx My noble friend has already lows amount of our ition to these loans and our largoly in- m, the expenditure ix going on at a rate tion to the © ture, for, ir creased taxat that is truly frightful. It is impossible for an expen’ ture of this amount, and for this vast borrowing to » long without the most results— alts that will not end with wal ich will remain for a long day after the pr has terminated, to press severely upon 1 among the il effects of this expendi has been so largely mot by the moral etfeet upon thi there are already unmistakea found in this country the same conssquences that ha been invariably produced by the same cireusmstan other countries and other times. My lords, when eith: individuals or nations are engaging in a large expendi- ture, which is partly defrayed by loans, there aris spirit of profusion anda segiect of all wise economy which leads to fre mort fatal resulta. If 1 could agree thal the war en which we are engaged is politic and necessary, and that it ought to be carried on with v still I should say, 1 do see unmasjakeable signe that it ts not carried on spirit of proper economy. Yam persuaded, on the conf ry, that it has beet carried on with extravagance ai t of thonght, and that the same real amount of se: might have been lees cost if the tained at fi money voted by Parliament had been judiciously expend ed. The blame of this partly revte with us,” but the had effects of this profuse war @xpen diture, and the excitement. that war ‘creates, are hat they produce in the nation a general spirit of disregard of all considerations of economy. The House of Commons, which ought to be a cheek against the waste of money on the part of the government, seems, on the contrary, to have no other duty than to call for the most undounded expendi Mt is the samo with individuals, Those who supply «it tores to the government are of course trying to obtain the most extravagant terms, and are driving the government to make the ‘argest pos eible demands for thoir services. In other respects this | Sap) expenditure is produ rrupt and demora- izing effect upon the national r, that is attouded by the most fatal consequences, My fords, it dors, in ray opinton, become us and the countiy to consider what in the present etate of the world will be the ultimate effect of this ayetem upon the welfare of this country, My noble friend haa alluded to the enormous aceumu- lated resourees which have been husbacdet during a long peace, Your lordships will remomber that wien all these demands upon the public exchequer which we are now recklessly incurring come to be there will be the interest upon the and a heavy expenditure upon the reducti like and military armaments. You cannot go ba increasing your éstablishments to this enormous amount to where you were before, for personal claims aad wested interest will be created, which it would not bed dis You must be prepared, my lords, to fo these questions, and, whenever peace come ok at the duty of adapting your establishments to that altered state of things will be one of immense difficulty; but this iv not all. “When ali these dewanda are made upon you the nation will become impatient, and we may then see a re- action from the present temper of extravagance to a dis- yy to make over-hatty and imprudent reductions, it in the more probable because the government seem fo have entered upon that most mlatakon polley of em- Darking upon a large expenditure during the timd of war for particular purpores unconnected with the war, [ have aiready pointed out the impolicy of expending ‘arge sums of money upon fortifieations and barracks at : which cannot be wanted doring thie war, aud which are not likely according to Sesgeiow pacvass Le done in @ proper manner. When the Ume comes that this reaction shail and when laja- dicious reductions “hall be for, this Howse will have the most difficult question to com ider, how to relieve the people from the pressure of taxation? Your lordships will remember that the state of the world is niveh altered from what it was ‘femtler days, t!reety a great stream of emigration is setting outa emigre won not only of the best of (he population, bub of vee men wh” "it your tenes press to heatlly en frodvcive i your taxes press ‘on productive dustry, you artificially incréase that tendeney ing it dificult for men to live at home, and thus injure the very sources of your power. The same dfect will be produced upon your trade, dn the state of the world, with active rivals on the other he Adanter, with (he competition of your colonies to conten rgainst, yor cannot without injury to the vital sources of your power ume pose taxation w trade and industry a certain ancunt; and therefore, when peace returns, you will fad if this system of loans is carried much further, that you will have inflicted 2 most f dle injury upou the counter 1 hope that these ‘will be considered not only by your lordships, but also by the public, amd that there will be a general desire to prevent the con- tinuance of the present enormous expenditure, ‘The bill then passed through committee, Success of the New French Loan. OFMICIAL FINANCIAL STATISTICS. ‘The French Minister of Finance has addressed the fol- lowing to the Emperor:— Sme—the last returns relative to the loan of 750,000,000 having reuched me, 1 hasten to lay before your Majesty the definitive resulisof the subscription, The amounts \- ted approximatively in my report of the 0th ult. are conBined and even exceeded. "The number of subseribers actually amounts to 316,864. The capital subseribed for is 3,052,591,085f,, viz, subscriptions of 50f and uniler, which are not to be reduced, 231,920,155, ; of 60f. and w wards, subject to proportionate reduction, 3,420,671, 830. ‘The departments have furnished 236,577 subscribers for an amount of 1,118,703,635f The 2,533,888,400f. sub- scribed in Paris included about 600,0W),000 from abroad. ‘The tenth part deposited in Paris and in the departments by way of guarantee, forms a total of 366,250,108, In order that so considesable a sum shall be kept as short a time as possible out of circulation, I had made provisional arrangements which allowed the restitutions to be com menced on the day following the close of the loan, andthe reimbursements made in Varis already amount’ to more than 120,000,000. The preparations of the certificates for the subscription’, which are not to be reduced, is almost cotn- plete. The liquidation of the subscriptions to be reduced could not be properly commenced until the receiptof the des finitive returns, which form the essential basis for the divi- sion. It is now in course of execution, and every meas sure has been adopted to carry iton with the greatest activity. According to the law of 11th of July last, the joan comprises a principal sain of 750,000,008, and a supplement of 30,000,000f,, destined to facilitate the liqui- dation of the subscription’ and to cover the dixeount. Justice requi that, after deducting the amount of the subscriptions of 50f, and under, all that remains, prinei- pal and supplement included, should be as much as pos- sible divided proportionately ampng the subseriptions subject to reduction, he mathematival proportion ar- ciuing to each subscriber would be lai. 9c, per the sum subseribed. Bui in order to prevent a fr division, which is contrary to the rules which regulate the grand book of the public debt, aud to avoid diiticul- ties of exceutfon quite insurmountable, it is necessary to effect the liquidation. by multiples of Of. for renter of 1,600, and under, and by multiples of 100f, for those of ahigher amount. "It will necessarily result from this ar- rangement that, as in former loans, some will have a little more and thers a little less than, their actual pro- portion. ‘The balance of all these differences, more or Jess, will leave but a verv unimportant dixposable residue. to the spirit of justice which animates sty in appropriating this residue to the small Subscriptions of B0f., 90f., 140f., 1601. 210f., and 280f. These catagories wore, in fact, ihe least favored by the fatiff of reduction established’ on the above mentioned basis. Yom, with profound respect, &e., P, MAGNE. Spatn. Maspnip, August 9, 1855. The Gasele contradicts a report which had beet r culation of « loan which was to haye been made by the honse of Werner in Parts, as well as another relative to the settlement of the debt. ‘The Junta, which is to regulate the tariffs, has been installed. The payments for the month of July will com- mence on the Uth. ‘The cholera ix diminishing. Tour, August 9, 1855. Geneval Perey, who is charged by the English govern: ment to organiza an Halian Legion, has arrived here, Saxony. ssion of the Saxon Chambers was elosed on the ‘Tih inst., by the King in person. The following passage occurs in the royal speech ea Th al complications to which I alladed on the opening of the session have not yet arrived at a solution; but we entertain the well-founded hope that ¢ ountry will be spared. the ca- fees of war, The firm attitude of ration to protect the honor and in- terests of Ge y has considerably contributed to this result. My goverment has likewise always spoken in the sume sense at the Diet, The Catholic Church tn Italy, Spain, and Switerland, POSITION OF THR CLERGY IN PILDMONT—RESTS- TANCK OF THR NUNS~ THE POPE'S ALLOCUTIONS. [lurin, (Avg. 6,) Correspondence of London Times.} ‘Lhe execution of the Convent law progresses with as few impediments as could well be expected. The episco- pacy generally recommende! resistance, which, in the case of the convents to be taken possession of, was in many cases obeyed, as far as locking the outer doors and givirg the officers of justice the trouble of breaking them open. With r i to the parish prieats who were en- titled to an additional stipend under the same act, and which their bishops forbid them to accept, there would not probably have been found so much subordination, anda bei pope os this effect “4 a ped to be ion cause of the folowing para , which appears at the head of the leading attiale init Armonia ‘at this day:— “We bow with reverence before the Masters in Israel. Our bishops thought it right to supplicate the Holy See before permitting the parish Bae, to receive the bene- u fiers, and the Sovereign has allowed it, while pro- testing, kc. From this time therefore, that’ which was illegal beeemes lawful by permission of that sovereign authority which prohibited, and all diseussion for us ceases, Thus the Court ef Rome yields the point which it could not inaintain, but under protest, as ic invariably does. ‘ihe text of the allocutions pronounced by the Popo in the Consistory of the 26th ult. bas reached us, Th first allocution refers to the affairs of Sardinia, It commences by raying that on the 224 January last his Holiness ecmplained in an allocution of the “grave wrongs”? which the Sardinian government had, for a long series of years, daily perpetrated against the Roman Catholic Church, and against the supreme power and dignity of the Holy s Jeclared nuil and of no effect, each and all of the decrees issued by that. government to the prejudice of the church, and especially the “unjust and fatal’? law for the suppression of religious houses. In making those complaints and that declaration the Pope had hoped that the Sardinian government, returning to better sen- timents, would “cease to persecute the church, an! hasten fo repair the wrongs done ft." Batit bid sg “We say with sorrow, not only that the Picdmontese nment has not lent ear, either to the supplications s bishops or our own exhortations, but making new and more serious attacks on the church, on our autho rity and of the Apostolic See—openly despising our reiterated protests and our paternal warnings—ha’ ot feared to approve, ranction and promulgate the law religious house: The Pope laments that this conduct “obliges him to de- fiom the mildness and meekness which are natural to him,’* and to have recourse to severity “in order not to fail in his duty and abandon the canse of the ehureh;” and after stating that this severity is in accordance with the example of hls predecessors, “who never hesitated to act aguinst the degenerate and rebellious children of tho church, ant to «unite the violators and obstinate usurpers of ite its with the penalties set forth in the holy ” his Holiness thus procoeds:— therefore, again raisefour apostolic yoice in your assembly, and we blame anew, We condemn, and of no effect, the law above mentioned, and all and cach of¥e acts and decrees which havo taken place in Fieamoné t@ the detriment of religion, of the eburch, of our robes f and of the rights of the Holy See—acts and decrees of which wo spoke with sorrow in our allocution of the 22d January last. We are, bes es, obliged to declare, with the miost profound regret, that all those who in Tiedmont have not feared to propose, ap- prove and sanction the said measure, and the law against the church and the rights of the Holy See, that all those also who are employed by them, who give support, coun- sel and adhesion, and who execute their orders, have in- curred major excommunication and the other eeclesiasti- cal penaltios and censnres enacted by the holy canons the apostolic constitutions, and the decrees of general couneila, particularly those of the Counell of Trente. The Vope concludes by stating that after exercising severity, he remembers that ho ‘occupies the place of Him who in wrath remembers mercy,”” and that, there- fore, ‘he humbly prays the Lord oar Gol” to bring back to better sentiments the degonorate children of the Holy Church in Sardinia, and to showe. his blessings on the bishops dtd clergy of that kinglom “in thelr present agony and tribulations.” is on the affairs of The second allocution of the Po Spain and Switzerland. After recapitulating the princl- pal points of the concordat, concluded some time ago with Spain=-one of which was that the property of ‘the ebureh should be inviolablo—his Holiness declares that That convention has been impadently outraged and violated peas ‘Laws have been passed which, to the t damage of religion, des the first and second articles of the Con- coréat, and which order the sale of the property of the church, Various decrees have been published, by which bishops are interdicted from conferring sacrod ‘orders; v which virgins consecrated to tind are prohibited from ad- mitting other women into thelr fnetitutions; and by which lay chaplaiuetes and other pious institutions are to be completely secularized,”* The protests presente. against these mearures had, he y*, been disregarded by the Spanieh government, and some bishops who bad opposed them ‘bed deen forcibly removed from their difceses, He had therefore deemed it necessary to order his Charge d'Affaires to leave Ma- drid: and, inoreover, says his Holiness “Raising our voice in your assembly, we complain of all that the lay government has done and is «till doing in Spain, unjustly against the church, against ite liberty ond rights, agtinst ux and the authority of the Holy See; and expecially we deeply deplore our solemn concordat violated in defiance of international law; the authority of the a prevented in the exercise of the sacred minis- try; the viclenee employe! againet them; and the mony of the church usurped in man laws. We therefore in virtue of our apostolic an- thority censure, abrogate, and declare without value and without force, null and of no effect, for the paxt and the foture, the said laws and decrees, Lastly, we, with all our power, warn the aathors of all these audacions acta, and we exhort and mpplicate them to consider reriously —— ‘That ther whe do not lear ebureh of States.” Mr. A’Beckett—1 am rather eu: taken in such a letter after th pace given te Me Mark’s circulors fo recently ia = yesterday a tre complainet of ‘and I perceive that case reported for the ‘of the public, Mr. rw] did not ft. f notice of Mr. Mark's triek» ges until after I had paid the postage and opened the better + Mice authorities to return me Cannot} compel the Post one shilling? Mr. A’Beckott—Cortainly not; it is not an anonymens letter. Tam sorry you have beea duped by the fellow, who certainly carries on a very exteucive system, whe ther profitable or not. | suppose you hawe sont him the pound sterling? Ir Ager—Ob, no, sir; Alrectly 1 read it 1 could are it came from a swindler similar to late Joseph Ady Cannot scmething be done with this fell Mr. A’Beckett—1 ean do nothing with him, but I hewe no doubt from the publicity given by the newspapers of this country, assisted by the New York press, that bir occupation Will soon be gone. If he were using such practices bere the Law would som ioe Mr, Ager—Thep Lam completely robbed of « slstlting which I paid for this worthless piece of paper Mr. A’Beckett—All I have to eay is, fot have taken it in, However, I have no yht the pre will still give publicity to Mr. Mark's doings, by whteh meang others may be put on ther guard and refuse to take in the letters. ‘The circular addressed to Mr. Ager is of the same dete as the others, in the same handwr ting, but the sealis of dark bine, On August 10th, Mr. Henry Adams, a jeweler in Went vorth street, Whilechapel, stepped into the witmess bex at Worship street office, and having handed to Mr. 0'Byn- court a similar letter to those produced before trates at other courts in the metropolis, from Mr. Wi Mam Mark, 92 Warren street, New York city, offeri ‘to settle all claims due to individuals by the ( Government of the United States, inclading all the ware from 1760,to the present date,” and apprising Mr. Adame that ‘by enclosing £1 sterling to that address he would hear of something of importance to his advantage,” he should wot proceeded to state that, notwithstanding the publicity already given by the press to this nef as scbeme’s, he felt it his duty to atvend, ed that the writer was extending his trict where he (the applicant) resided, and he war afraid already with some degree of success, One instanee whieh had ecome within his knowledge wes thatots poorworking an, whocame to him (Mr. Adams) about a fortnight ago, and entreated him to help him ia making up « pound, mentioning in great glee that he would shortly come ‘into a considerable property in Auerien, an at the same time, in proof of hix good fortune, bande him a letter of imposing appearence, with « large official blue seal near two inches in diameter, and the exact eo. n- terpart of that he (Mr, Adame) now held in his hand, At that time the ‘raud had not gained the exposure ft had since, and as there was nothing to induce suspicion, but very much the reverse, the pount was contributed )y Litdseli and others, and woukl very shortly have fund its way unfailingly into Mr. Mark's pocket had not the letter now produced reached his house during his ab- sence from home, and # shilling been paid by his servant for its postage, followed on the same day by reports in tie papers of complaints from other tradesmen, and he (the applicant) therefore immedintely took steps to warn he poor wan of the intended fraud, and just dil so kn time to prevent, him forwarding the money. It would uypcar at first sight as though the wetter had pow himeelfof a London directory to obtain the names ol persons he had written to, and this supposition w countenanced by the fact that the names of all by would-be victims, as far as were at present known, con enced with the first letter of the alphabet, but that did not hold good in the instance of the poor man referred to, as hisname and address were not in the directories, At allevents, he thought that too much exposure could not Le given to the obvions motives of the writer, which, if extended from the sphere of tradesmen to that of the poor and ignorant, miglit be attended with distressing et fects to them, independently of the serious diseppeat- ments. Mr. E’Fyncourt entirely concurred in the applicant's sentiments, and trusted that the newspapers would take notice of his application, as too much publicity could certainly not be given to such practises. ‘The letter, it may be stated, was written in a school- boy’s band, and, although the manuscript part only con- sisted of three or four lines, it contained exactly as many ignorant mis-spellings of the most ordinary words. ‘The Harvest in Europe. ‘TO TRE EDITOR OF TIT LONDON TI) Ata period of the year when there is always some auxiety respecting the results of the harvest, but more especially this senson, owing to the heavy rains which have lately prevailed, it may be well to consider what the position of this country as regards the food questio: and what the prospect of prices and supply during the next twelve months. It ita subject of the utmost im- portance at all times, affecting, as it does, to a great extent, our foreign exchanges, and the prosperity of nearly every branch of native’ industry. But it is of more than ‘usual importance that there should be no cause for alarm on this question when the country is engaged in agr nd its energies are clogged by ex- traordinary taxation. The crop of 1854 in the United Kingdom has proved to be one of the most abundant om record. It was | oused in splendid order, and, the crop of the previous your being nearly exhausted, consumption began on it at once, with Hitle mixture of old grain. It was supposed that from this, and the reduced toreign imports, the crop would searcely suflice to carry us over to another harvest, Liberal, theretore, as farmers? deliveries have been, high prices have ruled throu the season, as it was always suspected that t hi veries could not be kept up, and that the pinch would come at last. It is not long sitice that even 120s. per quarter was spoken of as being a likely figure belr another crop should be matured. But what is the ac- tual result?” Here we are on the eve of another harvest, yet farmers? deliveries keep up on the same seals as in Spring, without the smallest indication of exhaustion, and there is still no country demand of consequence in the ports, whore stocks of foreign grain begin to accumu late, All danger is therefore past. Ww, with respect to our prospects for the future, all we require to give us an average crop in thia country is tolerably seasonable weather. No doubt the late rains may have done some injury to the wheat crops; but with dry weather for the ingathering, there will be little cause rhout for complaint, and even should there be a, qsficiency in the yield, it is iikely to be more than by the in- creased breadth of i under cultivation. vest will be thiee or four weeks later than usual, so we shall have only eleven months to provide for out’ of the new crop insvead of twelve, Notwithstanding the war, and that France, America, and the Mediterranean (Fgypt except- ed) have heen sealed against us, yet we have managed uring the last twelve tonths to import over 2,000,000 quarters of wheat ani flour. The Dan- ube ‘is now open, and from Galate and fbrail of six hundred cargoes of breadstuffs shipped, the bulk of gwaich will find its way to the United Kingdom, The prohibi- tion of the export of from Russia has re- moved, and extensive shijments are now being mado by neutral vessels from Ismail and Reni, in Bessarabia, No doubt part of the produce usually sent to Odessa will be conveyed to these ports—the distance not being great— and, unless the Danube be again blockaked, the shi. ments cannot be stopped. ho end begin already to ar- rive from Trieste, Leghorn, ica, &e., which have been completely shut ont from us fora length of me, The crore In Fpatn and Portugal are already secured, ani are excellent in quaniity and qualify. §,.n has shown us this year what she can spare beyond her own consumption, and now that the business is established, she ia likely fo export more next season. The reports of the crops in Germany and Denmark are satisfactory. All that is wonted is fair weather, Our mainstay, however, for supply next season, is America. On this subject | to give the following quotation from the aaa of the 26th of July, received last steamer from the well known firm of Messrs, Osborne, Syme & Co., of New York “Preadstuffs have gradually receded to our present quo- tations, without any fond the aed tomate requirements of local consumption, Aliclasses of buyers have acted with extreme caution. The weather has con- tinued hp ge A i! and wheat cutting is ex- tending rapidly the N may now be considered safe, and for extent of acreage, abundance of yleld, excellence of quality and condit it in understood to be unprecedented in’ the sariculta annals of the United States. Within a fortnight from this time the wheat harvest of 1855 will, in all probability, bave been entirely secured, and we will endeavor ‘hereafter to prevent a rt to our friends. In the meantime, as estimates of the yield this year are current, Wo may mention that these generally vary ween ‘and 20,000,000 quarters, which at the usual 18 Quo, = rm iF cent of surplus, at about present prices, would pon it an export cf 3,000,000 to Poo, quatters of from the Ist wheat and flour during the cereal year of September, 1856, to the let of September, 1886, from the United States.” All the other advices from the Staten are of a similar character. Flour has been sold, for delivery at New York im October, at $7, or about 308. per barrel, At Bal. A ip al i i ii H fF i f Fined ft nuit Ag A i ied i : | & é 5 5 z f great commercial community. : ie i FH i [F t E i 3 f H i & & ir He i reBeactions wador, 4%: Granada, Sy wed 20, the Deferred, 7\(; Memwican, 214; Peruvua for sceonnt, 61, and 614,; Veneauels for account, 31, ‘The Inst price of French verip was 3 to 3\; prewmbum, In the forcige exchanges this afternoon the rate upon Voris was ashnde bigher. With regard to other places a The corm market engee a recovery of Is, w The clew on the Pore ed were 67f, 200. for mo- ney, and OFF 90, for the | show ing. searcely any The Fourotd ahalf per Couts remain V4. 50e, per Conts News from Brazil OPK BIO JANELKO CORRESPONDENCE. Tuo Jaxmmo, July 7, 1859, Coltration of the Muth of July—Raitroat Sharet—Ap- preaching Comm cman of the WorkeGreat Excite mew, The A. No. 1 clipper ship Carleen will sail to-morrow morning, under command of Capt. Hoffmire, for New York, by whoee polltemess this letter will be handed to you Our Fourth of July wax celebrated in fine style, but wos not saluted, we having no veesel-of war in port. Our Consul extended invitations to all Americans in port to visit him at his resideuce on that day, most of whom an- ewered the invitation by thely presence. All, I under- stand. went off well. Mrs. B., an American lady, set 2 magnificent table, at which | bad the honor to be present. At this table four nations were represented, and the leading toast was given in broken bnglish by o cistinguiehed Braziliaa, whe rove and proposed: — «The country of which Washington was the Pather.”” To this all responded in ome voice Apiade,” anddrank @ bumper, Other toasts fullowed, appropriate to the oe- castor After dimmer | ed to some tiem, would cal! on Mr. Tropsdale, our rewident minister, they decided that [ was too “tight,” and we atjourned it to another occasion. ‘The distribution of the railroad sharee has heen com- It has caneed much diesatiofietion, as there were only 60.000 shares to dixteil oe HO OUD heres asked for, They ave ot « premium this day of OT perahare, In a lew day® the railroad is to be conunenced, and bis I perial May oty te sist in the great event. This morn- ng, one day later than the letter of whiel this may he considered & copy, per Grey of yesterday, the direc. tors of the raflroad requeste? that a new board may be elected, as there is so mach dissatisfaction in the distri- bution of the «bares. ris Obitaary DEATH OF EX-GOVEKNOR METCALPR, (“ OLD #TONE HAMMER,”) OF EENTOCKY. ‘The Louisville Courter of yesterday announces that Ex- Governor Thomas Metealfe died at residence, ‘* Porest Retreat,” in Nicholas county, Ky., om Saturday evening, August 18, of cholera, He was o native of Fauquier county, Va., where he was born on the 20th #f March, 1780. When quite young, his parents emigrated to Ken tucky, and settled im Fayette county, where be had the advantage of attending a count for atew mouths. At the age of sixteen he was indeatured to stone mason, and served three a apprenticeship, when, at the death of his tather, he cot about making » living for is mother and sister. He was very fond of study, aud em- ployed his leisure time In reading goo! books. ua 1808 he appeared us « public speaker. fu 1813 he a company at Fort Meigs. While in the army he was elec ed to the Legislature, receiving all the votes la bis county but thirteen, He was el to Congress in 1815, de- feating Joveph Desha, afterwards Governor, Inf827 he was the “ National Republican’ candidate for Governor, and beat the Hon. Wm. T. Barry, who represented the Jackson interest, hy a majority of seven handred and ‘The Courier relates # nine votes. following ack lent :— Hon. George MeDuftie, of South Carolina, having chal- lenged bim to fight « duel, he accepted, chose Keatucky rifles and ten paces. The fire-cating Carclinien backed out. In 1834 he was chosen to the State Senate; in 1840, made President of the Board of Internal improve- ments; in 1848 appointed to fill Mr. Crittenden's unex- ired term in the Penate, Since thea he hase contined himself to hie farm, situated about half Ly between Maysville and Lexington, The Courier says that in hie ‘old age his intellectual «t th did pot abate one jot, and that a stone mason by trade, he always bons his service in that honorable line of the mechanic art and delighted in being called the “Old stone Harme Hen. Jave D, Hasonp died at Cherry Valley, N.Y, on the 18th inst, Judge Hammond was for many you connected with the history of the State as a pronoun politician. Te was a member of the Fourteenth Oon- ese, 1815-17, and ocenpied a seat in the State Senate during the years 1818-19-20-21, — He woe well known to the community as the author of the Politioal iw the State, in three volumes—much valued as @ Ww reference, and containing much wircellaneous political gorsip as well as much yaluable history of polities! parties, Wedo not know Mr. Hammond's age, bu} he must have been quite yd ame The Hon, P. C. Fou, an early sottler of Livingstos county N. ¥., who was once Aseietaut Dost Marter Gen ral, Speaker of the Michigan Howse of Representa’ ives and State Comptroller, died at Rose Hill, mesr Geneva on the 1th instant. Samet Davis Exq., a revolutionary soldier, died ot Chelinsford, Mass, on the 14th inst. oped #0 years. The witow of the late Judge Joseph Story died je Boe ton on the 22d inet., after # brief iiness ot ber residenee in Kowe street, in that city, The deceased wae the daughter of the late J Wetinore of the Marache. setts Court of Common Peas, and the sister of Thomar Wetmore, Feq., President of the Cochituate Water Board Wm, W. Story, the artist and poet, the ouly ving @\'ld of the deceased, sailed for Boston in the Liverpes 8 camer on Saturday laxt Ixnvipenity AND Revewon.—About four months until bis return from Purope, w! three weeks since, when be of weeks after his departure im the bark bie fatthiew wile bad taken up with another man, and that bad left the city. Through her cousin’ she learned thet whe had absconded with a man named Weimell, whe lived ia Ken- head. door, when Marck! h redel ee and o# the other shots, a . 1 room a te Teac aed thre back entrance took ia . seq red to take revenge for the had suffered. mappined that he came direct to this elty.—-CVncka: nati Enquirer, Aug. 21 Four Rro Janrrro—We understand contract Five, bose mete ‘ My flour of » superior quality, for the Rie market. | The rst sbipmen: re! ee niverk Walsh, from Me Crememt, Ana, VP z unmolested however, tn The Military Encampment ot Kingston, OUR KINGSTON CORRESPONDENCE. ~ Kiyaston, August 23, 1868. Review of the Troops by the Governor-—Animat Scene on the Ground—Comments of the Spectato: —The Light Artillery—The Fourteenth Regime —Suggestions from an Old Soldier —Hair Breadi —Swaggering Bullies, §c. I wrote you yesterday with 2 promise to continu At two o'clock P. M. I left the village for the groun The road was one struggling maas of humanity plo. ding on through the dust, which constantly ke) rising up like huge clouds of smoke from burniz ruing, Teams with women and children, piled v like Irish mail coaches in olden times, were racit to the imminent danger of neck and limb; while t! yells of lager beer drivers called back memories “general training” twenty years ago. Vast w the crowd on the ground; the magic name of Sec drew hosts from “ beyond Jordan,” and many we the murmured regrets at his non-arrivah The ‘were generals to be seen, “ thick as leaves in Vi Jambrosa’s vale," but they were the growth of night, and not like the old hero who has wont honors by many years of service, and on whom t country has bestowed the praise, ‘‘ well done th good and faithful servant.” It is troe there was “ ft nd feathers” enough, but not of the Scottish ord: At four P. M., the brigades were formed in li of battle, and the review by the Governor, who ro his horse like any dragoon ‘‘ to the manner ber: commenced. A detachment of cavalry, with fla: ing swords, and of pioneers with bearskin caps a battle axes, was thrown out to restrain the eay crowd, and many an amusing encounter occurt between these sentinels and ‘‘ peaceful broadclot) When these gentry were polite to the sovereigns, | sovereigns fell back easily, but when they thre ened, ap went Dutch blood, and it looked as if would eat up horse, axe and all. The long line troops looked quite imposing, and singular were | commendations and judgments paseed by coun lips. - The march in column was creditable with some ceptiona, The Light Artillery, much to my reg waa the worst feature in the whole, But one sect of a battery! some pieces drawn by two horses, wl the bronze of the guns showed but too plainly t lishing hand had been placed upon them. Ri would have wept. ‘ Is that wi ‘ou call 9 artillery ?” asked a friend. “ Call it what ane.’ The cavalry looked well, and #0 did the | column of infantry. Without hesitation I award oy of numbers, uniformity of dress and step to 4th op ia One cannot haipicokis down line of regiment to see the k tellige + beaming from many a face; and how proud it wc make a regular officer's heart to have such mate to work upon. How many days of hard lubor c be saved, and what magnificent results could be tained. As it is, what nationality could, or car better for the cape enjoyed ? In the second march round, many of the offic nae and low, again saluted the reviewing offi which is not correct. The practice of saluting i much too the of themselves. It is not enjoined, and officer every time he rushes up toa superior t his cap, is more painful than pleasing. Tou common jon, it is “ rannier the thin; the ground.” It would be better—certainly safe women and children, whose curiosity runs away’ them—if the staff and field officers, since the en is still far away, would ride more moderately. 1 some hair escapes. ‘ Hard on horvefle said an old man; and true itis. Tue and yesterday I noticed a mounted officer, hig rank, from his decorations, and easily distingul from the fact that he alone of all the wore & throughout Me anc to belong t furiously, —_ t, regiment and no regiment : he was ever al riding about i % never saw the crowd, and as soon aa the review minated ppeared ‘exiously down the cou =~. Who waa the White Knight nobody set to know. Slowly toward tfall the crowd began to wen way homeward, dirtier and wiser, tha per! the morning, and thoroughly wurfelted with the ane Well pleas a8 it ought to it is a day that will serve ie themes at mal hearthstone fire for years tocome. They saw Governor of New York, and thousands of , and better masic and more of it than eve ore fell on their cars. Oxsery) Our New Brunswick Correspondence. Sr. Jonny, N. B,, Angust 20, 18 Description of St. John—Its Climate, Soil Natural <Advantages—The Harbor—Ber Arnold— Cobbett--The Cathedral—New A an Hote— Population, &., §. The weather here is cool like October, white } and light coats having disappeared. ‘ Tam told that there has been only three or days of real bot weather here this season. country, climate, soil and natural advantages « John are very much underrated The soil and ral appearance of the country round about he: far as T have seen, seem well adspted to farmin agricult: ral purposes. ' The harbor is safe, but not very spacious; j an important advantage over almost every port in the Province, in being open at ail «ease the year. : ‘The tide, which rises 26 feet, and the water three miles, answering for the North side, ond the Hast river on the other. New Yous, Aug. My TO TRF EDITOR OF THES. ¥. MERALD Allow toe to take the liberty of correcting @ «t?| I found ina inte number of your paper. The tame, ral Tedtleben ie pot & son of & shopkeeper of bal Riga, but of a very wealthy ena high'y chant of that city, The name of Toitleben, ix, more, by no means a mew same in the history Lils grad uncle, General Count Tedtleben, wosler the great Suwarrow. ¢|