The New York Herald Newspaper, August 12, 1855, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. OFPFIOD \. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS, FARES, cath de oduones, a1 per ew u HERALD, 2eente per copy. $1 Pe wnney jh cenle per Depart yi Brin’ 0 foamy por te Cdn bth rig: py Mail for Subscriptions or with Advertise- mente, 0 be ‘or the postaye will be deducted from the PARTICULARLY RYQUENTED TO SEAL ALL Nv Packages “Bb Norrce taken of enonymnous communications, We do not co alae VTLNG executed with neatness, cheapness and VERTISEMENTS renewed every day. No, 222 ENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. TREATRE, Broadway—Tam Carrive— BROADWAY @uxen Monster. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway—Muss Pyxe—Cinpennias, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Levasion Or Briraiv— ‘Pnawenvows TeKhavic TLAGEDIAN, METROPOLITAN, Broadway—La Deasien Hevrs on Maurevatke—La Maga be Seviniue—Le Paxtia pe Pigeer— Guand Divexrissement. ‘Phe steamship Empire City arrived yesterday morning, with the California mails to the 16th ult., a fall comaiement of passengers, and nearly a mil- thon in treasure. Her advices were anticipated by the Northern Light, which arrived on the 5th inst. By this arrival we have later advices from the South Pacific. From Chili there is nothing of general in- terest. Congress was engaged in discussing isternal ‘mprovement bills. An account of the wreck of the abip Manchester, aud the Joss of eighteen of her crew, is given in another column. Tue Mauchester was from New York, bound to Valparaiso. In Bo- livia the public mind was occupied with the ap- proaching election for President. Dr. Lenares was vegarded as the popular candidate. There is nothing ef importance from Peru, and the gold fever seems to have entirely died out. The affairs between Brazil and Paraguay remained unadjusted, and it was impossible to conjecture what course events would take. We have Sydney, Australia, news to the 12th of May. Business had improved. In Melbourne, pro visions were onthe advance. In Victoria, immigra- tion was on the increase. The taking away of Miners’ licenses had created some dissatisfaction. In another column of to-day’s paper will be found an account of 1 case of alleged homocide that oc- curred in the Nineteenth ward, in which a man named Burns was lilled by a blow on the head from a club said to have been in the hauds of one Timo- thy Buckley. The afiray took place on Sunday night last, in the Fourth aveae, rear Forty-eighth sdreet. Buckley has not yet been arrested, although @ warrant has been issued for his arrest. The police of the h ward last night arrested a thief Laying in his possession several valuable silk dresses aud other property, for which an owner is wanted. An account of the arrest aud a list of the articles will be found under the Police Intelligence. According to the report of the City Inspectur there were 592 deaths in this city during the past week, viz:—63 men, 60 women, 244 boys and 225 girls, showing un increase of 13 on the mortality of the pre- vious week. 1t will be observed that four-fiths of the deaths occurred among children. Among the principal causes of death may be eanmeraied the following:—Apoplexy, 9; cholera, 2; diarrhea, 16; dyseatary, 36; inflammation of the bowels, 6; con- sumption, 56; inflammation of the lungs, 6; conges- tion of the lungs, 3; typhoid fever, 3; palsy, 5; small pox, 5; cholerainfantum, 114; marasmus (infantile), LA; debility, 14; scarlet fever, 9; hooping cough, 20; marasnius, 51; measles, 8; congestion of the 7 41; dropay in the head, 24; also 9 premature births, and 26 cases of stillborn. The classification of dis- , eases is as follows:—Bones, joints, &c., 1; brain and nerves, 102; generative organs, 5; heart and blood vessels, 6; lungs, throat, &c., 104; skin, &o., and eruptive fevers, 22; stillborn and premature births, 35; stomach, bowels and other digestive organs, 277; uncertain seat and general fevers, 35; uriaary organs, 20; old age, 1; unknown, 2. Of the whole nnamber of deaths 23 were from violent causes. The nativity table gives 500 natives of the United States, 54 of Treland, 25 of Germany, and the balance from various European countries. The Wilmington Herald thinks that Clingman, a@em,., in the Eighth Congressional District of North Carolina is defeated, and that L. B, Carmichael, the American candidate, is elected. It says that the county of Buncombe, in which Clingman two years ago received a majority of over six hundred, has now given the Know Nothing candidate seventy-tive ma- dority. The steamship Washington, Capt. Cavendy, sailed at noon yesterday for Southampton and Bremen, with 70 passengers and 17,000 in specie. The Vanderbilt steamship also sailed at noon for Havre, with 109 passengers aud $222,793 in specie. Yesterday being the Jast day of the week, and many merchants leaving for 2 temporary visit to the country, trade, in a general way, was not very active. The sales of cotton reached about $00 a 1,000 bales without change in prices. Flour was in fair de. anand without alteration of moment in quotations. Wheat declined four to five cents per bushel. In- dian corn at the close was about one cent per bushel jower. Pork was firmer, with a fair amount of sales. Re: and coffee were firm. About S00 ) hhds, of the former were sold at full prices. Cotton was taken for Liverpool at 316d. tor compressed and uncompressed; and oi] was at 16s. per tou, and for London at 17s. Tun New Governor or Kansas Witson Suaxsox—Our meek and dovelike philosophers of the elder Seward organ, say that ‘The President has made another effort to Kansos with a Governor, calling now upon € Wilson Shannon, of bio, to act as tne bill-¥igui ton for the Atchison and Stringfellow rumans rather quick work, Mr. Dawson hav! slegrapiing distance of the caplitl. Se.” shaune elected Governor of Vhio in 18tz by 2,149 over 7 whig. In 1853 he was elected to Congress nieenth district, by about 1,100 majority whig. He was an active doughtice—wi p and Olds assisting the Kansas villany. sot indignation that he he mad folly of Glide by taking the field for re-election, and the same constituency wnicit gave him 1,100 majority in 1868, and Pierce 1,800 majo- rity in 1852, sent \o the Thirty-fourth Congress J, Al- bright, # thorough opponent ot the Nebraska swindle, by @ minjority of 2,200, Our splenetic cotemporary omits the most conspicuous item of the Governor's official bis- tory—to wit, his mission to Mexico in [84 or 1845. On arriving out upon that mission, it is said that upon his official presentation to the government, Mr. Shannon, in order to explain fully and clearly his objects, communicated a eopy of his confidential instruc Mexican Minister of Foreign Afi ithe is careful not to repeat this shocking biyn der on going out to Kansas, he may do ‘or t administwation; for all that Mr. Pierce wil require of him is that he will do nothing at all, whatever the provocation to act with or against the fie may specu- Jate in Iands as much as he pleases with the Kitchen Cabinet, but only let him keep it ¢ With thisunderstanding, we think it very likely ghat Shannon will accept. eaiarienadiagnnateduinigens Kmonr ov Fou ¥.—Seuding the Cy prions over to the Island to-day, to be tiberwnd furaish vere This is t just got within was On retorning border ruffians, be ee Saltaire of Mexico. Genera¥ Wheat, a passenger by yesterday’s steamer frdti the Isthmus, reports that the in sargents in Mexico were carrying everything before them. We have heard as much from other sources; but the General, who has filled a station of responsibility in the revolutionary party, bears a testimony of new and convine- ing weight. According to his accounta, the re- ports we have received of the successes of the insurgents in the North have rather been less than the truth than beyond it: the whole of the Northern States have fallen into their hands, and in all the country north of the mountains Senta Anna has not a single adhe- rent. From the North they have spread to the ‘West, and overrun Zacatecas and Guanaxuato as well as Jalisco and Michoacan, The roads through these States are go completely under their control that the news’ of the capture of Monterey by the rebels of the North was brought straight through to Acapulco by a courier in the ordinary course of post, The only places which still hold out for Santa Anna are the capital, and a few towns in the Eastern and Southern States. This finale of Santa Anna’s rule has been so often foretold in these colugins that itwill take no regular reader by surprise. Begun in fraud, the authority of the Mexican President has been consolidated by rapine, violence and treachery; it has used, separately, for its own selfish purposes, every sentiment which is be- lieved to sway the popular heart, from the love of country to the fear of God; it has been de- voted from first to last tothe gratification of one man, and has wholly neglected every care which could conduce to the welfare and free- dom of the nation. Santa Anna had an oppor- tunity of wiping out the disgrace of San Ja- cinto, of atoning for the .treachery of Vera Cruz, nay, of redeeming the prestige lost at Cerro Gordo, Chapultepec and the city of Mexico; he might, by a judicious exercise of the authority he obtained so unscrapulously, have not only induced the people to congratu- late themselves that he had done so, dut have regained the reputation and fame that once were his: all this he might have done, had he simply devoted his vast energies to the business of revivifying Mexico, and securing to the peo- ple full control over the government. [t seems that neither misfortune nor age had taught him anything. As short-sighted, as seltish, as ambi- tious of personal distinction, as reckless of popular dislike as he was twenty years ago, Santa Anna has pursued a policy which might have ruined the country, but was sure: to ruin him. Sales of the public domains on the one side, and spoliations of the church on the other, have supplied him with funds at fearfully usu- rious rafés; while creations of monarchical in- stitutions, and grants of aristocratic honors have collecied round him a body of adherents upon whom it was certain death to rely. In - the hour of danger, he finds that, his hardly earned money is insufficient to pay for soldiers; that his he-titled friends have enough to do to Yake care of themselves; that the people at e ready to fight to get rid of him. ure of circum. stances, avail himself of the first promising op- portunity to retire from his onerous position and fall back upon the delights of private life, scems highly probable. It is generally under- stood that a house in this city has been leased, with 2 view to its being occupied by him in the event of his arrival here. It bas also been re- marked that one of the President’s last acts was to appoint his father-in-law minister to Washington. Of course, in the event of a light from the country, his family would thus be safe, and the house of the Mexican Minister would afford a secure and honorable refuge. {t is suid that the intention of the new party in Mexico—tho insurgents, led by Alvarez and his set—is to choose for President Cevallos, ex- Chief Justice, who is now in France. Cevatios, it will be remembered, filled for a short time, in virtue of his office of the First Judicial dig- nitary in the country, the position of Presi- dent, and gave general satisfaction, When Santa Anna last returned to power, Cevallos went into opposition with the other honest Mexicans, and the Dictator, having vainly en- deavored to mollify the Chief Justice by an py of his new Order of the Guadalupe, which was ind ntly refused, exiled him from the country. Cevallos came here, and spent some time in the United States, studying our insti- tutions and the political working of our system. On leaving here he went to France, where be still remains. Ii is understood that Cevallos is in favor of applying to Mexico counterparts of the United States institutions, and that he does not believe in any degree that the Me can people are unfit for liberty, Shoull he be chosen President, the Mexicans would at all events have a fai © Tun Season & Watering Piacks,—-The heated terms of the passing summer have been short and capricious—the general character of the season has been one of unusual rains, | clouds and cold cast winds. Consequently, it was unusually late when the business of our watering places fairly set in, and for a time the prospect was that nothing at all would be |; done. Within the last two or three weeks, | however, from Niagara and Saratoga, “all | round to the sea,” our various places of fash- jonable resort have filled up beyond all expec- ng visiters from all sections of ite of the slavery agita- st now has a large visi- may be seen by visiting ion, ineludin j ta | the Union, and in: s ti Onr city, to ty our hotels at dinner time, or our theatres in lon of sirange the evening. Our bountiful harvests and crops of all kinds are beginning to tell, and our peo- ple are beginning to be lively. The only fear now is that the fall basiness may rapidly ex- pand inte « babble. eady the helm. Renin «xp rar Liqvor Law.—One of our morning cotemporaries has been discussing our new Liquor law in # religions point of view. As far as if bas gone, the effects of this abomi- { legislative mockery and sinpidity have been to increase drunkenness and other oflenees and erimes; to bring law, order, reli- 2 and the Sabbath into contempt and de- wi io encourage evasions, falsehoods This lew is ea outrage ing and law sapporting nable pic ance, order in every peuple who vespect law, y, honesiy and justice, They may reach evil even over the head of the Governor against temp L public nuisance remenber it 1 ihe j and his veto; and we hope to aee it done, November. Ton Neier | lettere to ins Kossuth writing duty » of Anos aa war? NEW YORK HHRALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST 12, 1855. Democratic Hanwony—Buine anp Coowe. —-While ‘¢btne of the democratic organs, hards and softs, are billing and cooing over the pros- pects of a re-union of the factions at the forth- coming Soft Shell State Convention of the 29th the Buffalo Republic, a Van Buren, Buffalo plat- form, soft shell, dyed in the wool and set with copperas, thus makes discord of the sweet sounds from the rural districts. In the course of along phillippic he flames up in this style against the administration:— It th tion of anger Pesan ft ane mama say that it wae merely a State elecion, should be said in to the national and ita measures. , it was important to endorse the administration, to excuse the repeal of the Missouri restriction, and th rve our nationality. Now, us to hen the istration haa covered iteelt however, Ww! infamy, and is a stench in the nostrils of every ticians honest democrat in the Ni these sagacious polit diane te plc of bing ant in ogra to fe and “i slavery, as well as the lawless conduct of the Missouri rofians. that Kansas and Nebraska were 0} This is bad enongh, in all consclence, but hat which follows is trnly terrible to think about. Hear him “while the fit is on:”-- We were willing, last year, in view of the fuct that the administration had dove some as well as some bad things, to consider the secount balanced, and to say nothing about it. We werethen overruled, Now, we demand o clear and unequivozal expression of the democratic (free soil) sentiment, The causeless and shameful removal of » Reeder, at the bidding of the slave power, is the feather which hiss broken the back of the democratic party of New York, and it can bear the administration no longer. ‘The load may be dropped and the party may recuperate, but it can only be ‘Tone by blicly discarding a burthen which has been disastrous- carried for three long and weary years. It will not be we fear; if not, let the ences fall where they belong. ‘One thing is certain, and that is, that the Northern politician who identifies himself with the pre- sent administration, and either approves of or acquicsces in ite concessions to the slave power, never need look, even during « life time, for a resarrection. Thus whittled down to the narrowest pos- sible point, the question is, whether the fac- tions at the Soft Shell State Convention shall unite in a public repudiation of Mr. Pieroe, or consent to the collapse of the whole concern, in the vain attempt to assist Mr. John Cochrane to “hold the President in his arms.” The case looks too black yet to enable us to make any promises to the Southern democracy concern- ing this “olf shell duplicated convention. Can’t somebody be sent to stop the mouth of this intractable rebel at Buffalo? Such chaps as he, if permitted to go at large, will spoil the most beautiful arrangements, Governor Henry A. Wisk snp tar Post Or rice Department.—The Governor elect of Vir- ginia, Henry A. Wise, has just written a letter explanatory of his late brotherly epistle to the Soft Shell Young Men’s Democratic Union Clab of this city, and for which he has been ealled to account by the Virginia Dickinson men, as @ choice of the softs, when the hards were the real democracy. Mr. Wise says, sub- stantially, that he didn’t stop to inquire whe- ther the invitation he answered was hard or soft. He was satisfied with the sentiments of the committee, as the real democratic article, and that was enough. But it will be seen, from the first paragraph of Mr. Wise’s explanatory letter, that he opens a new account in another quarter, Read — Ov1y, xPAR OnaNcocK, VA., July 30, 1855. My Drar Sim—Yours of the 24th’ inst., calling my at- tention to an editorial of the Richmond Evaminer of that day, headed “The New York Hyraty and Ourselves egain sovernor Wise and the Van Buren Democracy,’ was not received until yesterday. It was mis-sent to Old Point Comfort, and I'can’t account for such negligence in the mails, Fortunately, this morning, for the first time since it was written, Lsaw my letter in print, to which this editorial refers.’ Tenclose it to you, and ask for its re-publication in the Enquirer, in order that every fair- minded person may judge of the justige of the Examiner to me. He “can’t account for such negligence in the mails!” Neither can we. Perhaps the fault may be in the Post Office Department somewhere. Perhaps Mr. P. M. G. Campbell may he able to explain this discrepancy be- tween “ Only, near Onancock,” and Old Point Comfort. Youre Arnica Must pe Hearp.—A general committee of about fifty enterprising and am- hitious “free colored Americans,” from va- rious parts of the State, have issued a call, which explains itself, as follows :— ‘The undersigned, regarding the present as a favorable lime for mene the claims of the colored citizens of this State upon the consideration of our State govern- ment, with a view to the removal of the odious and invi- dious disabilities imposed therein, and to gain equal po- litiea rights, take the liberty to invite their ‘colbred fet colored fel- low-citizens to assemble, in State Convention, in the city of Troy, on the lirst Tuesday of September, 1855. There is a sacred obligation resting upon the colored citizens of this State, to give the ear of Sur Legislature no rest till every legal and political disability, with all its depressing and degrading tendencies, shall be swept from the Empire State. The undersigned express the hope that measures will be early taken to have every part of the State repre- sented in the Convention, By the The time and place are well chosen. first of September the crowds at our interior watering places will be somewhat thinned off, and the colored waiters thus released, as they come down from Niagara, Sharon, Saratoga and other places, can drop in at the Troy Con- vention, and put a finger inthe pie. This call also explains the secret of George T. Down- ing’s hostility to colonizing in Liberia, He and his free colored confreres strike higher. Young Africa here aspires to the same general level of equality with white folks, Can't our Seward organs, who have given them this crotchet, give this movement a lift? Why should all their tears and charity be expended upon Southern slaves, and such negro kidnap- pers as Passmore Williamson, when Young Africa in New York calls for relief? Lf Gree- ley can’t go to Troy, set him down as a humbug. Tne Conan Jeyta anp Orn Travsiaror— Born Parties Ricut.—The article which we published yesterday, justificatory of our trans- lation of the address of the Cuban Junta, has given rise to investigation and explanation. #rom this it results that, while the Junta has been made to express an idea foreign to their intention, our translation has been perfectly correct. And this is the way the matter is ex- plained. The printed slips furnished to this office, and from which our rendering was made, contained a misprint, The masculine pronoun Jo was printed for the feminine (1, and to this little typographical error it is due that the Junta were made to predicate animadversion on the national character, when they only intend- ed it to fall on the administration. We have seen a copy of La Verdad, published simulta- neously with our edition in which the transla- tion appeared, containing the article in the original, and we find that this contirms the statement of the Junta. This little contretemps. however. shows the danger of trusting to. pro- nouns, when the sense can be better expressed, and without dauger of miscomprchension, by using the substantive itself, Two New Presipestian Caso vres—Tan Issce Now ts Jouyson on Gaxrry.- Brownlow, the Methodist fightin rson who edits the Knoxville (Tenn.) W election, that, * Had Je friends expected to van him for th but now thely hopes are blasted. ever, will do for that wan party will be very *, a day after the ont is in the way of running on the American ticket now, and we will keep him under way!” According to this prophetic parson, every- thing for ’66 depends upon the result for Gover- nor in the late Tennessee election, If Johnson succeeds, he is to take the place of Jackson— and if Gentry is successful, George Law, Sam Houston, Millard Fillmore, Commodore Stock- ton, John M. Clayton, John J. Crittenden, and all the other Know Nothing availables or aspi- rants for the American nomination, may as well go off the track. If Gentry is elected Governor of Tennessee (which is not very likely), then Gentry is the man for °56; for Parson Brownlow, who publishes a smal) coun- try paper at Knoxville, Tennessee, has pledged himself to “keep him under way.” We give the fighting parson the benefit of a general hearing outside of his little bailiwick. Gentry is his man, and Brownlow is his prophet, BravtivuL—The bright breezy weather since the last general rains, and the returnsof our glorious harvests, —_—_—_—_—_———_——_—— THE LATEST NEWS. reel bi PR we BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, ‘The State Elections. KENTUCKY. Louisvitix, August 10, 1855. In eighty counties Morehead’s (K.N.) majority amounts to 9,460, The remaining counties to be heard from gave Pieree for the Presidency, 1,222 majority. For Congress six Know Nothings and three anties are chosen, while the other district is wtill in doubt. ALABAMA. Monscomery, Ala., August 9, 1855. Perry Walker, K. N., is elected to Congress in the Mobile district. Farther returns of the yote for Governor show large majorities for Winston, dem., and although Shortridge gains largely in some places, Winston is probably clected. Vermont Whig State Convention. Boson, August 11, 1855. The whigs of Vermont have nominated John Wheeler, of Burlington, for Governor, and Isaac I’. Wrigut, of Castleton, for Lieutenant Governor. The Nominating Convention was held at White River Junction, on the 8th inst., and was thinly attended. The Case of Wagner, Charged with Violating the Neutrality Laws. Bostox, August 11, 1855. The United States Commissioner, in the case of Wag- ner, charged with enlisting mon for foreign military ser- viee, decided to-day to send him to New York for trial. ‘The evidence of enlisting men in that city is guite strong against the defendant. Cholera at Fort Leavenworth and Fort Riley. Sr, Louis, August 11, 1855. At Fort Leatenworth forty-six persons have died of cholera, Among its victims are Major Armstead and wife. Further accounts from Fort Riley confirm the death og Mojor Ogden of cholera, Major Woods, his wife and four ebildren have also died of it. Doctor Simmons and the ladies at the garrison have left, only officer now remaining there. The dixeaye is of the very worst character, and very fital. ‘The workinan are endeavoring to get the public funds, Lecompt and party have left Fort Leavenworth for Fort Riley. Later from Havana. New ORUANS, August 8, 1855. ‘Whe steamship Black Warrior has arrived here with Havana dates to the 3d inst., but there is no news of im- portance. Health of Hon. Abbott Lawrence, Bosros, Aug. 11, 1855, ‘the Hon. Abbott Lawrence passed e restless night, but is rather more composed this morning. Although very weak and low, he is perfectly conse and resigned io the change which is evidently near at hand. Coxcorp, N. H., Aug. 11, 1855, ‘The Concord Savings Bank wax entered about noon yesterday, and robbed of n $1,000. A reward of $800 ix offered for the apprehension of the thieves and the recovery of the money. Large Robbery. Prmapenrnis, August 12, 1855, Mr. Godey, of New York, stopping at the United States Hotel, Cape May, this morning had bis trunk rifled of two checks of three thousand dollars cach, four fifty dollar bills of the Bank of New York, a diamond pin, a valuable bracelet, and other articles, Fire at Lynn, Mas<. LYNN, Mass., Aug. 11, 184 ‘The bakery cf Allen Breed, in thi place, was destroyed by fire thie morning. Toss $6,000, Navigation of the Ohio. Premncro, Aug. 11, 4655. The river is standing at six feet three inches. Steam- ers ave louding for all the Western ports, at very low rates. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Pmrapenvma, August 11, 1865, Money unchanged. Stocks steady; Reading, 4834; Mor- ris Canal, 1614; Tong Island Railroad, 173¢; 'Pennsylva- nia Railroad, 45; Pennsylvania State Fives, 8714. NeW Onteas, August 8, 1865. Our cotton market has undergone no change’ to-day. The gales reached 1,000 bales, New Ontxans, August 9, 1855. Cotton without change. Sales to-day, 1,000 bales. Fair sugar sells at 6%. Flour has declined’ to $7 50. Corn is also considerably lower. Mesa pork is quoted at $17 50. Cnanseston, August 9, 1855. ‘The sales of cotton during the past three days foot up only 138 baler, at prices ranging from 9c. a lic. The stock on hand is 2,760 bales. Rice is dull, and 4c. lower Borravo, Angnst 1112.30 P. M. iy, demand moderate—sales 900 bble., at $7 75a $9 26 for Common Upper Like toextra Mlinois and Ohio, including 400 bbls. new choice Ohio, at $8 75. Wheat—Sales 1,300 bushels Sheboygan mixed, at $1 75, Corn firme: but dull; sales 12,000 bushels, at 7c. a T7360. Onts held at 48, Whiskey—No sales, Canal freights— 934c. a 10c. for corn to Albany and Troy. Lake imports yexterday—Flour, 882 bbls.; wheat, 656 bushels; corn, 10,020 bushels. City Polittes, AMBRICAN COUNTY CONVENTION. ‘This body met on Friday evening. pursuant to adjourn- ment—Judge Maynard presiding. The attendance was full and entire. A re-consideration was moved and carried touching the time of making the county nominations, the general sen- timent prevailing that American action should be antici- patory rather than approbatory of the action of other parties. The 20th instant was decisively and perma- nently decreed as the day for making the county no- minations. The convention also fixed the 25d inst. ax the time for making the several Senatorial nominations, leaving to the legislative districts the time and mode of making As- sembly nominations. An adjournment to the 26th was carried, in order to afford the requisite timo for adjusting the necessary de- tails for more efficient political action. Aspirit of entire harmony pervaded its deliberations, and the most sanguine hopes were expressed touching the saceorsfal issue of the ticket, which the party has deter- mined shall be a «trong one, in mental, moral and social power and worthiness. Political Intelligence. ‘The republican party of Pennsylvania have called « State convention at Piltaburg on the Sth of September, It ix to bo 2 fusion affair, The following is the call -— ‘The citizens of Penneylvanin, without regard to former porty dietinetions, who are willing to unite in a ne organization to resist the further spread of slavery a the increnee of the ¢laye power, are requested to mou masa convention at Fittsharg, on Wednesday, the day of September, 1856, at Mo'clock A. M., to 0 republican party in this State, which shall gi sion {o the popular will on the eat involved in the repeat of the Missouri campromise, and ¢ ate with other crgumizations Of @ similir character in-other States, Mr, Willem ©. Qoirk, candidate for constable of the Virat Justice's Con New Orleans, challonges his eom- petitor, Mr. Job weet him a atly, oF nglish, FIAKOM OF WE Wm, The chaplain fs the* How do People Live in New York ?!=Tene- ment Houses. Tenement houses are a modern invention, having sprung into existence as 9 regular New York insti- tution since the éra of thé great European exodus to our shores. We shall have better data when the census report iy completed, but, for the present, it will be near enough for our purpose to estimate that two-thirds of the entire population of the city of New York reside in tenement houses—houses either expressly constructed for the accommodation of from one to four familles to each floor, or else, houses which have been converted into such use and occupation. A house occupied by two families, we do not regard asa tenement house. Three or more families, we think fairly entitle the house to that ap- pellation. Tenement houses are constructed either double or single, according to the width of the lot. Double houses in the upper parts of the city are built about twenty-five feet wide and fifty feet deep. In the older portions of the town, they may be found of all dimensions, according to the shape of the ground on which the house is erected. They are seldom leas than four stories high, often five, and occasionally six. The of the double house is this: the stairs go up in the centre of the honse, in such @ manner as to leave room for two good-sized parlorson each front floor, and also two in the rear. The balance of the room } on the floor is divided in the most economical man- ner into bedrooms, kitchens, é&c., making four com- plete suits of rooms, all slike, and adapted for four different families, who, for ought we know, may have all sprang from as many different quarters of the globe. Water and waste-pipe is constructed in the common hall, for the use of the families on the same floor. A great objection to these donble houses is, that, as the stairs are constructed in the very centre of the house, and within the smallest possible space, there is no means of lighting the floors, unless, perhaps, the upper one of all, except by gas, which is rarely used. The respective floors, therefore, or rather the stairs,are always dark and gloomy, and poorly ventilated. In a five story double tenement house, with four families to each floor, there will be, of course, four times five, or twenty families to one house. Of these five floors, the first is not regarded as the best, on account of its great exposure to noise, numbers, dirt, cold in winter, &c. The rooms on the second floor are the best, and command the highest rent. They are high enough to escape most of the objections to the first floor, and not so high as to make it laborious to reach them. "After that the floors diminish in value ag you ascend. All front rooms are rated at a higher rent than rear rooms. ‘he cheapest rooms in the house will of course be the rear rooms onthe extreme upper floor. The best, the front rooms on the second floor. Prices of suits of rooms in such a house will range, say from $3 to $8 per month, ond the whole house should yield about $1,000 per annom rent. Such, in construction, is a double tenement house. A single tenement house is very easily described, being inuch like eny other house, or like the side half of a double tenement house. They are of va- rious widths, but rarely over twenty feet. Suits of rooms in these command higher rents than those in the double houses, and, of course are occupied by a superior class of tenants. Great numbers of these houses are expressly constracted, not for two families to one floor, but for one. Such are almost ali the houses on the First, Second, Third, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth and Tenth avenues, afew on Fourth avenue, and none on Lexington, Madison and Fifth. On these avenues the first floor is appropriated to a store; und it is not uncom- mon for the person who rents the store to rent the whole house, and sub-let such portions as he may not require for his own use. On the side streets will be found double tenements, and single ones of various widths. As to the location of tenement houses we say ge- nerally that the entire city, east of Third avenue, and above Kighteenth street, is filled with them. Of course, we only design to indicate very geverally the quarters of the city where they abound; also a few between Third and Lexington avenues. Scarcely a ecore between Lexington and Sixth avenues. Between Sixth and’ Eighth avenues there are a few streets, such as Twentieth to Twenty-fifth, well built up, but it is generally a condemned country, and no true codfish will dwell there. Of the character of the streets between Eighth and Ninth avences we have already spoken in a former ar- ticle. In Chelsea, west of Ninth avenne, and especially on and around about what was formerly Moore's Hill—a block lying between Ninth and Tenth avenues, and ‘T'wenty-second and Twenty-third streets—is to be found one of the most quiet and pleasant neighborhoods in all the city; some very handsome improvements are now being made there. ‘The old time-honored hill is now entirely removed, and scarcely a vestige remains to mark the spot, although new monuments of art are springing up in the shape of handsome four story brown stone houses. Above Chelsea and west of Ninth avenue, up to Fifty-ninth street, where Bloomingdale road commences, you have a region of tenement houses, in some portions of which—the region we mean— there are sinells which, if prope ly cut up and dried, would yield guano enough to fertilize the States and cause even Canada to stretch out her hands (and noee too) in thenkfulness for the reciprocity treaty. The riches of New York city have never yet been properly developed. So much for the location of tenement houses. ‘Who occupy these houses? Here, too, we must answer very generally. Without offence, however, we may state that double tenements and the neigh- borhood where they are found are most frequently oc- cupied by foreign born, and of these the Irish are the most numerous, as far as our observation has extended. American born citizens dislike greatly to be mixed up under the same roof with foreigners, Their manners, habits and tastes are widely differ- ent, and they rarely agree. Indeed, it will not be difficult to believe that it must require an extraordi- nary amount of magic influence to convert twenty different families, with twenty different names, and jabbering everything but the dead languages, into one happy household. for example, Mrs. Smith, who lives on the second floor, front right, has heard that Widow Machree, who"occupies the fifth floor, rear loft, has said that she knows who said that Mrs, Smith was no better than she ought to be; and ac- cordingly Mra, Smith goes to work very indus- triously to find out which of the six times twenty tongues wagging in that Babel uttered the remark so derogatory to her character; and long before she has satisfied herself, she has very happily and quietly got at least one half of the hundred and twenty together by the cars. In the mean- time, good Frau Schluschdunder has discovered that “ somepody has thrown ter very tuyfel,” for aught she knows, into the sink, and stopped up the waste-pipe, and the slops are ranning over the tloors and down the stairs in search of discoveries. And while she is raising the question which nobody will answer, of “ Who did the dirty trick?” the rain, which has been falling for some hours, has by this time began to pour down through a hole in the roof, punched by Bobby Anderson, and ranning in a good ound stream right upon Mrs. McGimpsey's bed—has fairly drowned that lady out—and she is going straight off to the landlord, or eveu to the Mayor, so she will, but what she will have jastice. While all there interesting events are in progress, Patrick O'Donoghue, and a half a dozen more of the boys, have come home, bringing a bottle or two of the crater itvelf, and in the course of a couple of hours the row has become geveral ali through the “tenement ;” doors are smashed ia, t and chairs upset, heads broke, * murder” ered, the police are called, and the bulauce of ihe description may be found in the Hewsnp. The above is no fancy sketch. The bal’ iy oot told. The envies and jealousies, the quarrellings pud bickerings, the complaints aud reproaches, the OTL Aad tid addy Hit oad woud Gul wat, Lue ute Mud loa ee; confusion, are a8 destitute of beginning or end ag the hoops on a barrel of whiskey. ‘These evils arg immense, and have breught this description of pro- perty into most villanous bad repute, Something shorld be done, and we earnestly call upon the Ame- rican and Foreign Philanthropic Internationa? Christian Home Missionary Reform Society. to invent and apply a remedy as soon a3 possible, The evil is rank, and smells from down there quite up to the gates of Paradise. We assure the above named noble and most charitable justitution,. that a few books on the rules of politeness and good breeding, with pictures and teachers to match, are quite as much necded, aud would do quite as muclt good in certain localities of this city, as those ecle- brated red flannel shirts and moral tracts got np for the Timbuctoojans. There is a very close connection between the cost of the lot on which a tenement house ig built and the character of the tenants who occupy the house. That is, the higher the price or value of the lot, the better will be the class of tenants i the house. The lowest class of tenants will be found living in houses built upon lots worth from $1,500 to $2,500. That is about the range of value of Jota in the side streets in tenement quarters of the town. Very few tenement honses in tho upper? parta of the city are built on lots worth $3,000. That sum is about the value of lots between Eighth and Ninth avenues, and in other similar portions of the city. And while on the question of prices, we will add in@ very general way, that lota between Third and Lexington avenues, are worth $2,500 a $3,000. Be- tween Lexington and Fourth avenues, $7,000 @ $3,500. - Between Fourth and Madison, $3,500 a $4,000. Between Madison and Fifth, $4,000 a $4,500, Between Fifth and Sixth, $4,500 0 $6,000. Between Sixth and Highth $2,500 a $3,000. Between Eighth and Ninth, as above stated; and west of Ninth aver nue the price of lotsin Chelsea will be, say, about $3,000. Above Chelsea, the price will depend es, sentially upon the smell. The value of avenue pro- perty can be best ascertained by inquiring what rent it will yield when improved or built upon. Call this rent ten per cent of the total value; from this totay deduct the cost of the building, which is easily as, certained, and you have the value of the lot withia speaking distance at least. ‘Tenement property is variously owned, some by the rich, but generajly by mechanics and working people. Captulists very rarely build them themselves, We will give one or two instances to illustrate the origin of tenement houses. Some rich man has had the misfortune, either by inheritance or purchase, long years ago, to become possessed of lots so located. that genteel fashionable people, or even respectable mechanics, will not buy, build and live there, one fa- mily toa house. Whatis to bedone? Such Jots rise very slowly in value, and to all ages will never rise above a certain very low mark—say $3,000. In the mean time, interest, taxes and assessment are every year added anew to the cost of the lots.. Tu keep them as unimproved property is to keep them at # Joss. So the rich man svys he will sell them with a loan—that is, he will set a trap to catch some poor devil of a builder, contractor or specniator. The trap he baits with a loan sufficient in «mount to cover about 75 per cent of the cost of the building. The actual value of the lot is about $1,500; butas he is to oblige the builder with a loan, and as the bailder is a poor man, out of work, and hard up, he presumes to charge the matter of $2,500 for the lot, which is to be paid after the house is built and sold- Well, the bargain is struck. The builder knows he has put Lis hand in the lion’s moxth, bat he trusts in Micawber’s chapter of luck, that something willturn up. The house is finished—a tevement house, of courte, for nobody but tenement people will live in such a locality. To finish it he was obliged to run in debt—liens follow—notes become due—the first instalment of semi-aunual interest be- comes due—-the house has for months been offered for sale in vain, for, as he paid- a thousavd dollars too much for the lot, the only way to save himself is to charge another thous:ud too much for the house Nobody buys, of course. The result is, that the kind-hearted capitaliat who made the loan and took & mortgage in pay for his lot, very shortly forecloses, either to get the interest or the principal, buys iu the property at the sale,and the builder, if he is not quite ruined, at best loses all his labor, and the house ultimately falls into the rich man’s hands This is one of the ways in which rich men become posvessed of tenement property. Another rich man has, in some mysterious manner, got in )is posses- sion a hundred or two shares in the Baug-ap Rail. road Company, orin the Sky High Gold Mining Company, néwinally worth par, but privately known to the holder to be worth nothing at all. These he wishes to convert into real estate, and is not over particular where it ia located. Now it happens that Joa Smith has got inio trou- ble, and is obliged to sell his house, It ix a tenement house, which John succeeded in building by means of the thousand dollars which he bad Jong been ac- cemulating. He must now raise $1,000 or be ruined. Mr. Smith considers his house worth $5,900; mort- Gage $2,500—his interest, of course, bo. Ina word, the rich man hears of John’s case, and asks him what he will take for his house? Smith replies, “ $6,000." The other replies that he will sive it if he will take in cash $1,000, und for the balance $1,000 in the shares at par of the Bang-up Railvoad Com- pany, and $1,500 in the shares of the Sky High Gold Mining Company, which together with the assuming of the original $2,500 mortgage make up the required $6,000. Joba agrees, provided the stock is good, and is referred to Mr. P. and Mr. Q. for evidence of the value of the stock. Both these gentlemen hap. pen to own stock in each of these companies, and of course give a good account of it. Smith is satisfied he is going to make a bargain, and at once concludes the trade. By and by he goes to bed some night perfectly satisfied in his own mind that he lias been swindled out of $1,500 in a most rascally manner, In these, and a great many other ways, one after another of these teuement houses are constantly fall” ing into the hands of the rich. But great numbers of them are owned ly carpen. ters, masons and other mechanics, and’ thrifty work. ing men, who have accumulated some money, and in order to live in their own house they buy a cheap lot, (Which is easily done without any money, pro. vided the lot be immediately improved,) and build a tenement house. This they do with the intention to occupy @ part themeelyes and rent out the balance and thus provide means to meet the interest om the mortgage and the taxes. These men are always willing, and most generally anxious, to sell out, Thus it happens that there is scarce a tenement honse in the city which is not at one time or another in the market for rale. Pitch—touch them not. aOR IMME Ace Coroners’ Inqnesta. DraTt ay Drowxive—Comove Case.—For the post few ays Coroner O'Donnell has been investigating « drawa ing case, which occurred ou Tuesday morning, at the foot of Jay street, N. R. It appears that on the day in ques tion two brothers, named Martin and Thomas Kelly, or sived In this city frem Newburg, in the #terin’inat Spton did, Capt, Scott; that on the passage, and Abons ‘he time they arrived in New York, being somewhat intoxicated hey decane embrofled in 9 quarrel with nw { the crew avd the captain’s som, John Sept that the latter drove the brothers out of thelr berths sp on the forward deck, and that here they asterp im til day wreak, when Ihomas Kelly was missing. be hevin, fell 9 epee wy oat night time. Tho boy of th deceased was found in the vater close bevide the <tean oat, end in bis porsossiowt waa foand a botthe- containing brandy. The brather of the deceased, thinking that sane fiot play bad been resorted niormed Corener 0 Don ti the coroner fully iuve stigated as poormsories (0 the death of the deceare brother of the deceased, in his testimony, ea'ed that on thett starting from Newburg, deceased ‘shed cears at yarting fron: hie friend+, when some persons on board ri iiculed him for «uch weakness, He then become quite excited, and wanted to quarrel with the Ceptain and others, hut was prevented beather Martin; that they drank several tin m board end previous to Cal ing: that when it down stairs to leek tor berth: them. an) in endevynr ing to do #0 ome of toe whe had previvasty burhet