The New York Herald Newspaper, January 14, 1855, Page 6

102 -- NEW YORK, HERALD; SUNDAY, JANUARY 14, \1855. VOL. KX. « an exclamation for the elected possle, incon muons forse on beteen Inoom that of the Our Parts Correspondence. pov gg = yy er Its Commercial Interest to the United States— is eckrowedged on the Sar oe omnes Bh from hour when made clean. The Empire of Merocoo—The Independence | war has been upon Sar, and for mo Panae, Toesday, Doo. 96 186 | Sok all poner tate hie ova tenth ke ber bores for and ‘Trade of Wednoon. ment been eaccesstul. I repeat that it is unrecog- Opening of the Legislatwe Session—The Th all into his , he has for of We at repent is of an instant taken his eye off the and that, BY THOMAS N. CARR, LATE UNITED sTarEs conaut | Bed in Wednoon; and in Begiich secret treaty of the Cannon, the Weather, and the Scene—Eu- | a4 4 general rule, these feel they have his strongest FOR THE EMPIRE OF MOROCCO. which I have seen, the Bayperor himself to pro- y Ladies--Entrance and Retirement mpathies; he moreover, coatrived to innvcu- tect “British intereste as far ashe caa” inthe dis- | genie and the Ps fepastben: be bes, Q ‘The interest which now attaches to African intel | {fs orWedzoon, but does not gusrsutos this prey | of Napoleon—His War Policy on the 2 pe tA a eel Frese from Mahomot keep themee'ves alive in sach lger.ce, vf whatever character, but more immediate- feolion. Grier éeatles are mee Dromisiog upas | Strength with the Army—Sir De Lacy Evans in | to he gon of Heaven in China, know the value of. | miserable westher, is a riddle. But thero do they | many onthe side of the vea, and enable Prassia to | jy in relation to its commercial resources aud advan- | this point, bat the pledges have beoa inserted \ the Siege—Orleanist Gathering— Cuba and Bona- | — public opinion appearsto attach, at present, but | pstiently stand ali day, and many lay there alinight, | become ® great naval power, is somthing new. [¢ tages, has induced me to send you this commanica- | *e double p ot preceerag the Sheik from parte—Court News, Theatricals, Sc. little importance to the visit of Mr. Von jsedom, before whole regiments of toys, of infantiue machi- | hos hitherto eecaped and yet des:rves public notice. | bioh, if it ds doing injary to the of Morees0, by ovening hie ann and to argue that the hour of Prassia’s atherence ¢f bom bons, of rattles, piste a, bows, dancing | To eome timid people this may be rasaer alarming; | t'on, which, Possevses any merit, you are at | own ports, as siso to impress foreign governments ApI write, the cannon of the Invalides are boom: | fine yet; but confidence ia decidedly setting in 0 Salle heaps of gingerbread, sieges of Sebastopol, | for though few of our readers, perhape, ever heard | titerty to give to your readers. The great advan, | with a falre view of the Saltan’s dom nions, This ing in my ear, and the solema festivities of Christ | werds Austria. Sir de Lacy Evans left Paris on Sa- | scenic representations, musis, from the hurdy gardy | of Jade, {t is very close to our own shores, lies in | 4406 that mnst a:orue to any nation, by possessing | Point is clearly ascertaived from an offisial source, | mas have scarce been inaugurated ere the thunders of those deep mouthed State engines intervene. I bad’ forgotten the occasion, and as, at regular in- Sorvals, the air reverberated wita the rade shocks it geceived, I began to have areal hope that the gov- telegraph had tor once outstiipped the jee of rumor, and that the towers of Sabastopol last had crumbled to pieces under the heavy pras- gure of the allies. But suddenly I was reminded that thie day was consecrated to the opening of the Legislative session, and that Napoleon and his lore- ly Empress would be in their place in the Tuileries to open the Parliament con amore. I confess, aT turned over in my thoughts the peculiar nature of the French Parliament, its dread of open discussion, ita mystic union bos ween vhe “ new order of thiags” and itself, and my ears were at tho same time ip: ceasantly deafened by the roar of artillery, the old adage of “much cry and little wool,” forcibly ob- truded itself on my mind. The thing itself, for aught I know, may be admirably adapted to a people so fond of crea- ting “ sensations,” that consequences beyond the particular moment are never thought of— to a people who seem ever to cry ruat ceolum if my oration but ring throughout the length and breadth of the land;—a political principle which for sixty years, from the days of the first republic to the laat, has rendered abortive every attempt at free legisla- tive discussions;—but, to call such an institution the most infinitesmal shadow of a parliament, is as @beard as to term President Pierce's last apesch worthy of the times in which it is made, and ot the magnificent role great America is destined to play in them. I pulled out my watch, and perceived I had just time to reach the Tuileries before the delivery of the speech, and, with a “ friend at court,” had no dif- ficulty in gaining admission. The weather, for once, ‘was at peace, and the caup d’aii/ of soldiers under arms, of officers en grand tenue, of magnificent equip” ages, of busy official life, as I passed over the large * court which fronta the Place da Carousel, was im- posing. On ascending the grand staircase, which, richly carpeted, was garrisoned on either side by brilliant specimens of the picked corps of the army of France, I hastened on to the hall of the Mar- shals; aud, catching the eye of the T'imes’ corres” pondent, immediately placed myself under his ging. ‘It was really a grand sight, which burst upon one the moment he assumed sufficient courage to look it fall in theface. The Empress, with the Princess Mathilde, and her attendant ladies of honor had already taken their places in the gal- lery of that superb chamber, which seems to have been designed only for such oc asions. The throne, on a raised dais, was placed between the windows which overlook the Place da Carousel, and thus faces the gallery, or rather, I should say, looks up to it, as from its lofty position it com- mands the whole spectacle beneath. The Senators and members of the Corpz Legislatif were seated on benches, covered in crimson and gold, on the right and left cf the throre. They were all in glittering uniform. Immediately beneath, on a raised es‘rade, were the corps diplomatique, covered with orders, tibbons and stars. On the walls hung the portraits marsh: ‘a! of the of France, the artis's’ coloring re- Nieving the eye, aimos: overpowered by the gor- geous decorations of tha! hail to which they give a title. But the most gacetal and softeniag feature of the whole is the prosenve of the Empress and her retinue of beauty, laxuriating in all ths mysterious charms of /a toilette Francaise. It is only om this occasion that the Salle des Mazeschaux isdme rfect justice to. In ordinary times it is merely floor, and the elevated estrades surround: it, which are ig tyes knights a oe Vd ittering apparel, and the enormous distance of plafond remains unbroken, except by the un- tenanted gallery and the architectural compart menta above; but now seen, filled with little bonnets, ok as if a pas breath could banish the beautiful rea they condescended —with ermined mantles, wit flowing silks, colors that shame the rainbow,ard, above all, that swoet, sweet smile, which will immortal: young Empress of France—the effect was The thunders of artillery which had an- nounced her entry would have jarred harshly on the ear in connection with her modest and gentle bear- a fee moment, areoede py all the grand off moment ad offi- ce a of State, the Emperor entered the ball, Prince Jerome pros, ip ex-Kiog of Westphalia, lookiag weil for years, took his place to his rig it, vacant chair on the left of the throne was Ieft for Prince Napoleon, absent, leading the Freach in the C:imea; other priuces of the Imperial were er on the steps of the throne, ao to seak. ‘There was then a moment’s pause, daring which the fall of apin might have been . All had risen from their seats on Napoleon’s ce, including the Empress and the fair oxcur of the gallery. Nothing could be more im- than the ensemble. The form of the hall, is that of four equal sides; ite ¢ elevation dome like apex; the slanting sun! which, Dy light clouds, lit up the whole, give ita Seagal character than the oblong chamber w House of Lordsin England; and when added the superior taste, combination and which the Bio ch know how iA at fh occasions, the present spectac! undoa y to anything of the kind to be seen else- tg one could but divest oneself of ita hol- ene The Emperor looked up tothe gallery for a se- cond, and — smile Fayed on his lip ashe canght the gaze of the Empress, then, making sweeping inclination, he said :—" Messieurs, as vous!” which the Empress, and her ladies ‘tee, took advant of. Tne speech will be far- nished you from sourees. It was listened to with breathless attention; and only when mention ‘was made of anew national loan, migit a alight by ede heard. Of conrae the official clagucurs busizess at all proper occasions; but the was evidently the point of interest. The Empe- ad the speech witn great distinctness, aad as aren was every word his own, of » in » there is no doubt. All such doca- ments are his own work. He speaks with a trailiog German accent; but the tones o! his voice are sono- rous and full, and bis impenetrable countenance casts aside its usual shade, and eviiently tells that the speaker’s heart is in his business. The speech delivered, Napoleon left the hall as he had entered it; toe Empreva at the same time disap- from the gallery; and,asif the sun hai specially retained for the purpose, the basiness Hed f i BBE iG Hi 4] rigtagatyt beat ue sooner over than the flood of Hoaven to be opened in order to damage the fine feathers and gaudy trappings of aan, straitiag iw hour of im; In.a few minutes 4 of the pastebrush” were visible in all quarters of the town, Caneig Sa great document of the day; and, curious to see the effect of it on the Bourse, my umbrella and manfally facoi » pel elements, while taraing my steps in ‘There are beings in the world so constitu ‘ed that bd hope against hope, no matter what the | may be against them. I am quite sure of this, may judge from its admirable leaders on the war in Farope, that neither the Hesatp nor myself have heard anything which should induce a eee sition that the blessed mé/ée we are in, is likely soon So emerge Com “f Nay gh we Capone all the elements of repose; and ye*, jullizing deco ‘ions bebween the Baperor of mY - of France and the Emperor of Austria waa the symbol | and that M. Von Usedom’s mis oe that the wise | torday,after an interview of two hours with the Em; r. The sturdy hero of the formar Spanish Teg ion, looks coonlteaes 5.3 wore A for Crimesn cam; 5 ani ard enough from his own Ips to aoe tals that the accounts which from time to time have reached us of the dreadful hardships the troops have ha ‘ to endure, have been in no degree exaggerated. That Subastopol will be oaptured, be-has no mauner of doubt, but that the sacrifice will yet be enormous. Every one is de- lighted with Canrobert, but that Lord Raglan is not mas’er of that unremitting physical activity which the circumstances require. ‘There has been a family gathering among the Orleanists, or, as I should more properly term taem, te fusionists. The premier communion of Count D'Ea, the eldest son of the Dake of Nemours, afforded the cccasion, and the ex-Queen Amelie and the general kindred did not fail te swell the im- portance of it by their presence. Efforis have been made by the family organs in France to dra a public attention to any event which ca'ls the exiled house ioto notice; but it may be traly saidthat come what will to bvan , happen what may, impoarial- ism, republicanism, or any other form of government, the Bourbon brauch, old and young, is sapless for evermore ; like the trank, when the axe has been laid to its root, it may still prt forth leaf acd bud, but the main arteries of its, Sy oe] moe it juite le once more and forever the denanoistion of the Napoleon may be verified, and the House of whether in Spain, in Sicily, or Naples, have ceased to reign. Apropos of Spaia. I have from time to time taken oscasion to observe that Cuba was not going to be made over to the United States while a Bonaparte was on the throne of France. The fact of the Cortes yoting that ita sale would be equivalent to barteriag the national honor, has, perhaps, not much to do with it, for Spaniards are prone to the use of high sounding phrases, and the ulterior views which exist on this side the Pyreness are of much more consequence in the matter of Cuba than any mere parliamentary votes or phrases. Considerable pains are taken to draw the puolic attention of France to the resources, and im} nce generally, of that larges} island of the Culambian archipelago, and among other journals the Débats has a most elaborate article on the subject, setting forth jts Bopataticn, its products mineral and vegetable, its delicious climate, &c.; it speaks of its excellence as a market for French wines, silk goods, articles in metal, gloves, berfamery, &c.; and “‘we have,” it continues, ‘some good establishments, a3 many as ninety or one hundred, surrounded by « kind of colony of our industrious countrymen from the departments ad- joining Spain.” At the eame time, it sets in — the increasing influence waich, by its enterprise ceaseless exertion, the American race is daily a:- iring, i All is a holiday at Peckham with the Sanish Coart and Espartero at present. The Duke of Victoria trips it on the ips toe fantastic with the young Queen, while that automaton the King ia galvanized into a quadrille with Espartero’s wife. Here the Court is fairly potting afloat for the season. M. Billault, the ter of the Interior, has announosd his receptions for very esa ay. The it event, for the present, is exoe stant Jour dei’an, when all the world, in manteaux de ‘cour, or in knee-breeches, are to go to make their obeisance before the reigning Prince of the Tuileries. The ordinance says, “ those who have been presented, their majesties will receive;” but, as no certilcate is required of that formality, I suppose uone who choose to most the necessary expense will be refused. The dress- makers are working night and day, and for the mo- ment even Sebastopol is forgotten. After this, as the deslers in silks and brocade must be sapporied, apd as Paris most not undergo a collapse, even thongh Sebastopol should burn the goveramsntal fingers, there is to be a series of balls at ghe palace, and at the different ministers’, sufficient to use uy slippers encugh to employ all the ladies’ shoemakers till the exd of the season. Toe Emperor and Empress gnd Prince Jerome went to the Theatre Frangaise, to witness “Phedre,” last night; it was the anniversary of @asive, ani the same evening the “ Enemis de la Maison,” M. Druat’s comedy, waa performed. A detachment of the Cent Garde, in grand uniform, acted as » guard of honor. Barrm. Panis, Thursday, Dec, 28, 1854. Mimsterial Reception—Grandeur of the French Mi- nistry—The War Chat, the Loan, Austria and Sebastopol—Napoleom and His Successor—Society and City Scenes—Catering for the Young Fulk— Enfhsh Christmas Abroad—The Lite Debates in the English Commons. I was at M. Billault’s first reception last night, and the superb state which Napoleon surrounds his ministers with cannot be allowed to pass unnoticed. The hotel assigned to the Minister of the Interior ia in fact a palace, and on the present oocasion eight large rooms were flung open for the reception of the expected guests, covered with carpeting on which the foot once placed, seemed buried in a pro- fosion of gaudy exotics; superb luatres; curtains of brocaded silk, and fringed with bullion; fanteuils; ottcmans, covered with crimson damask; exquisite works of art, alike of the brush and chisel; gorgeous gilding everywhere, only relieved by marble of porphyry and sienna; retainers in massive liveries of state, offering refreshments with Eastern servi- lity—such it is to be a minister of the secon! Em- pire, and so well has M. Billault boxed the compass of political change. It was well attended; that is, as many as five hundred persons of both s»xes presented themselves during the evening. A large part of the Sena- torial and Legislative bodies were present, among whom was the Count de Morny; Prince Marat and the Princess Mathilde were likewise to be seen there, and all the corps diplomatique. The great topics of conversation were the speech, the loan, and, of course, the all engrossing siege. From sll I saw and heard, it seems to me clear | that the Emperor’s speech has made a favorable impression, not only in Paris, but the provincer, and that the new loan of five hundred millions will be forthcoming without difficulty. Several deputies assured me that the letters which they had received from the country that morning that the 8} was looked upon as one of most cheering cheracter; that when the idées Napoleonnes pre- vailed the strongest—and it was difficuls to say when they did not—the Ls ee were quite pre- pared to make sacrifices—shat they looked upon this man ae their nerator and saviour, and that the gentle manner which the conscription was enforced, the abundance of work Peete every where, by the improve nents carried out in all parts | of France, &l that in all things | heart and soul with them; that as fort! rural population warmed in it every day; they be- lieved themselves booked for one of ten years dura- tion, at the end of which they expe ted to bo what ey were in the most palmy days of the Great En. ;, and that as for the loan, they were only anx- to anticipate the Eoglish capitalists, who, tuey were afra'd would contrive to invest the sum, to their exclusion. Some mistrast,I observed, still continued to be felt about the Bg Ud of Austria, not thatshe would now join with Rassia, but lest an irresolute action, with one foot on the,ezemy and the other on the ailies, should afford her a most | prejudicial neutrality; but on the whole, opinions are decidediy favorable to her. ‘The pe fecliag seemed to be a desire to take the epeesh as a whole, and view it as a tablean of France as it is, and } France as it was; and | observed on this head, eve- that mpsror—had | the first Empire possessed such a future as at present, ont sity of hd mavilte aperor' hs we } lly to nacity of purpose peror it was real be atarlbater, “And when he is gone,” said I | “that vacant chair Jonterday, left for tue hy the throne, Prince . pri mountain—how about him?’ Bat my onl; Franoe tbe nutiousl shrag--teeaiag, ‘rance. n ro, sappose, after Napoleon the Third, the deluge. * ote rospects im the Crimea of the 88 i z i # | £ a toan accordeon, lamps, chests, children’s books aad all the other everlasting devices which the fleetiag generation instin:tively caters for that wuica is treading on its beela: and the price of these small necessi is so triflieg, and year after year the stock lefs in theirhands is so large, that it needa mo:e than a ruperficial knowledge of the laws of trade to know how it alt answers, especially as during a resid:nce of five years, it seems to me that their annuai days of sale are only varieties of worseness--I moan a3 regs ds weather—for the oe sold, no%with- standing the vastness of the debris, ia prodigious. The Boulevards ae at this moment one floating mass of the firat aud the last—of che aio that is, and that which is succeeding. Then they are, like the ores of Hymettus, bending down uaier tho treasures they bave gathered from hut to hut. Tas litte ores do it all, for the pride of possassi22 acvks instantaneous gratifications, and what 1: requires it must carry. Then they are, those pigmy imnsges of their fathers, “‘gay’d” up in all the fantasies of ma- temal fonéness—and the French, wita all their taste, mske wondrous dolls of turir childcen—their cheeks swollen with here of admiration, aad red with the driving sleet and wiod, bending under the weight of Lilliputian vee, of prodigious drums, of miniatare Pheatres Francaise, of camps of soldiers, of mountains of gingerbread, of showeis of bons, of orgavs, turoiog-lathes, printing- presses, dogs, cows, goats, birds and beasts, more than the ark of Noab, battling with the flood, ever dreamed of in its phi.osophy. * Bat this 1s for the million. Look at that superb mansion on the Boulevard des Italiens, with filss of carriages double deep before it, towards which crowds of elegant toilettes bead their footsteps, and where the new police have difficulty in performing their maiden fanctions! It is Gironx's— Giroux’s—not I spoke of it in 4 for mer letter, for tien it appears it was Gi:ox— I will not say in the “soft sne!l’””—but Giroux just chipping the oes ot the “hard shell;” and now the bird is hatched, and moreover fledged, ard in fall plume. The basement story, or Rez da Chauysie, is a mere preliminary, and the colossal dolls which, on either side of the door way, stand laden with every conceivable attraction to the little humanities, are mere drops of water, to remind the thirsty pilgrim of the perepnial fountains which are splashing forts like the Niagara Falls up staira, The floor above ta decorated with all sorts of elegant stationery, writ- ing cases, dressing caves, paper weights, pencils, &o.; algo the most elaborate tableaux constructives, or, as we weed to call them in our earlier days, puz: zles; and then there are musical boxes of the value of Pep ere francs, whic play two or three airs, and set apes fiddling, donkeys browsing, children begging, cattle feediag, soldiers fighting, gentlemen Gotyise pen to the slop pul ageing. When Sayed ie slop- agoing. en old) and tatinied with all thee, attractions, or well nigh “cleaned out,” by their effect upon those blessed juveniles who have never stopped from the moment of tveir entrance, giggling, cackling, and shrickiag at treasures which out Herod ali the wonders of te lamp of Aladain, you once again commence the pro- cess of ascent, and find yourself in anotner stage, which, I ime, the Messrs, Giroux have ivtended to a species of third hea. ven, for, if below they heve bewildered little hearts and growing heads, here ¢¢ crildrea of larger no less tnan those of smaller growth aro dragged down with the eddying, intoxicating whirl- a There are bronzes, euch at & heathen would down and worship—there are paintings from every acho] in Europe, such as rival tha best col- lections—there are meubles made of that fascinating bois de rose, inlaid—encrusté is tha term—witn flowers whoee colors vie with the gorgeous talip— aS ped tables de jeux, stands for flowers, beau‘tfal little etegeres, cabinet chesta of drawers {uso which it would be a positive sin to put anything, vases of Sevres elegantiy mounted on pedestala of buh! or mar queirie, where the cards of select and aristocratic friends may be given to view. But, besides all these, is such a collect:sn—a galaxy I must call it—of food for the infant mind, that like the Homeric ca- talc of ships, I should need lucgs of brass, the head of Mivorva, and the pen indeed of a ready wri- ter to describe it. Tre sheep, if not quite aslarge as life, are whiter than ever I saw sheap’s wool before, and mike a noise equal to the flocks of Jethro; the cows give tongue, it not , enouga for a London dairy; the dolis dance and shout the little ones, ‘with starting eyes and 0; mouth, stand a’ gaze, cry, or rather shriek—Fst ce qui 'ils sont vieants mamma? And then they clap their delighted hards and whirl themselves abont till the whole place is s Pandemoniam. Bat here all things are at a value; little is to be ob tained, even in this way, under twenty five france; and when your ambition soars towards rocking horses, duchess-like dolls, things with internal ma- chinery which causes them to picture great events, grand theatres, altar pieces with tall candles that rival those at la , fourneaux de ménage, batterves de cuisine, minie rifles, soldiers fit to dcub the Russians, and cannons and morters that woald be terrible at Sebastopol, you mast be prepared t> draw your pursestrings to the tune of one hun ired or even a thousand france. And sooth to say, I ob- served there were far more epsctators than pur- chasers ; though the last may probably greatly augment, as the jour de l’an approaches, for every Tiving being in France must have a present on that {t is certain that so much cateriog for the help- less C atearated humanity is a very amiable featare in national character of France, and the inge- nuity disvlayed is perfectly wondertul, tiough to our Ap, Ast mind the thing is a little over- done. children would appropriate these in; nious toys to the ases for which they are intended they would doubtless prove no less instructive than amusing! But bless me, to ses how the ion of such bijouerie immeciately developes their bumps of destructiveness, an organization which really sonen “ia little deration when the price 80, However, doubtless Messrs. Giroux know their own business best. There is one article which, at the risk of fatiguing the reader, I cannot finish this eubject without allading to. it isa piece which, at first sight, resembles a beautiful timepiece for the salon: indeed, I rather think it is sarmounted with aemall clock ; bat on @ near inspection it is found to be an elegantly furnished boudoir, in which is seated a lady, powdered, hooped, and brocaded, a3 in the days of the Regency, who is ocoupied io turning the handle of a bird organ to an exquisite little a who, rejoicingin the richest plamage, ana per on astind in the middle of the room, bends his crested head, flutters his little pinions, and moves in his resting plass, while his mistress thus imparta with a benevulent smile, and ever and anon & gentle icclination of the head, his lesson. Suddenly tne lady ceases, and graciously makes a sign, when the obedient bird open its little beak and plumes its little frathers, and wish every sign ot enraptured delight’ pou rth a bird-like imitation of the a't he has heard. ‘The illusion is perfect. It is impossible to imagine the power of clockwork machinery to go furthsr, and crowds upon crowds of delignted listeners hang over it, and never seem to tire of doing so. [ did not inquire | the prise, but from the general fictiag up and por feta ofthe machinery, suppose sroehing Riko 2,000 francs, or, indeed, perhaps much more, I have oxcupied #0 much spice, that thongh I have much to say which would be probably interest- ing, I must defer doing so till the next mall. Christmas day was kept by a’grand state dinner at the Eoglish Ambassador’s—covers being Inid for thirty. superb hotel was made to wear its richest apparel on the occasion, and nothing could be more magnificent than the coup d'cil,as you threaded the noble suite of rooms which leais — the salle de trone—here is suspended the portrait of Queen Victoria—to the ball room, now converted into the salle a manger. The wails are bung with yellow satin damask, throe gor, lustres Saree the ceiling over the bainqu: which, glit' sr flowers, massive plate, au candel ) looks @ table for the gids. Twenty serving men in state liveries, and ten others in the sume a ry , ae ce te Mg do their obse- quions all, namber anda, of wines, dos serts, &e., gave them fall and incessant occupation. Among the guests were the Earl of Eglintoan, who, in course of conversation, spoke of Napoleon the Third os baving besn formerly one of his kaigate at tournament; there was the Marqais of Hertford, and Lady Louisa Ramsay, sister of the Duchess of Wellington, and Lady Dangarvon, the celebrated besuty of last Loadon ssason, and 4 es Lord Dangaruon, who, fresh the route of much of our shipping, and, it it be capable of affordiog protection to the trade of Germany, msy, in the hards of some ambitious sac- cessor of Frederisk William, bs taraed iato a mesua of acnoying England, as it has been acquired, we bo- lieve, expr tor this purpose. As carly o8 1848, when the idea of making Gor- mauy.a great naval power was cherished oy tho parliament ase nt at Fiankfert, writings ap- peared recommending the Jande Gulf as the appro- priate plice for the establishment of a great naval arsepal for Germany on the No:th Sea; but a3 she little Sovereign of Ol¢enburg, whose territo-y compasses the gulf,could not poxsib'y fit out a siagie gua oot these who thought the projsct feasible at once turned their attention to Prusais. Sundry pubii- cations were igeu: d,showing the sdvautage of Prussia having a port on the North Sea, mdspendent alike of Hamburg and Bremen, and capable, if necessary, of dispensing with their services to commerce, and supplying ail Westphalia, and all the couatries on the Bring, b means of a ratiroad with a direct com- manication to the sea, His Prussian Majesty's va- nity, aud his love of projects and agg:andisement were stimulated, and in July 1853, a treaty was con:luded with Oldenburg, by which, for the coa- sideration cf 500,000 thalers (about £30,000), a district containing 5,000 morgen, something more than 3,000 acres of Jand, fosluding marehea, was conceded to Prussia in falt sovereignty, with ail kinds of rights of way, access to and from, &c. For Oldenburg the treaty is considered highly advan- tageous, making a district useful that was before negleoted, increasing the value of lani in the neigh- borhood, giving employment to the people, and ex- tendicg manufactures and trade, witn prospect of a closer union with the rest of Germasy by mesns of arailrosd. For Pruesia, the treaty anitae pur- chase can have no other advantage than those woich she may derive from Laren ol | @ seaport on the North Sea, thou, h it is not immediately contiguous to her other territories. It will'rather gratify tho ambition of her weak King than serve the purposes of the nation, and is more likely to ba a source of 6 than profit. ‘ve situation of Oldenburg, a strip of land project- os the sea into the territories of Hanover, which, except at the sea and on the borders of ths ‘Werer occupied by Bremen, surround it, is well known to our readers; but tili now, perhaps,their at- tention has not been directed to the gulf or deep bay scooped out of Oldenburg—a sort of salt water lake betwixt the Ems and the Weser. Into this gaif flows the little Oldenburg river Jahde, and galf and river bear the same name. Not far from a town of some little importanve, called Varel, about thirty miles from the town of Oldenburg, and from which a direct communication by stesm with England has been talked of, in order to ex ‘hange cattle, corn, rapeseed, &c., forcoal, iron, &c., lies the Prussian purchase. It is close to a amaller place called Fat: rhuk on the river, about twenty-eigat miles fromthe sea, and hasa depth of watera; low ebb, in the middle of the stream, of never less than four fathoms, and fora iarge partof the space, a depth of eleven to twelve fathoms. Over the broad surface of the gulf the water is nowhere less than six fa thomsdeep. At present the largest class of ordi- pary merchant shipscan enter the river, aad itis capable, at a comparative small expense, of being deepened and widened 40 as to form, by Fahr- hok, an excellent harbor. The — of the gulf — protested vgn pent ol Micali = a ssfe, anc! , equal or superior to the Nore. - Off the mouth, too, lies the islaud of Norde- ney, which, like Wangeroge, is a summer bathiag place, visited by steamers, which keep up a con- stant communication with the continent. The neighboring sea is well protected and safe, or the Germans, not very partial to salt water, would not make it summer abode. All cur vesssls bound to the Weser, ani most of those nound to Hamburg, which generally make the Texel on their way out, pes by these islands and the opening of the gulf. 6 possersion of a naval station in it therefore britgs P:ussia clos to our own shores, and inter- poses her vaval power, such as it is, between the mouth of the Thames and the mouths of the Weser and Elbe. The information oorveyed im the para- graph we published on Monday of the acquisition of this new by Prussia is something in the pre- sent political of that monarcby with dag. land, not to be ligttly regarded. Aceorting te the pais oe = retarigna a os an acqu! a mal retensions like Prusa, Kaha. iealoes, oT Raclacd and avovedly aiming at becoming a maritime power on the North Sea—desirous, too, of obtaining @ control over Bremen and Hamburg—would excite some iiualy's. ministers keene be y"8 ve given the subject the least atteation. No doubt the par- chase has been notified to them in due form, but they have not felt any alarm, nor has any vigilant member of the House of Commons thougat it worthy of a remark. Fairly appreciating the character of his Prossian Mo; , they bave treated with the his growed b of eatab- the Ni » and form: a fleet for the protection of the trade of poy pore His to counterbslauce our power and ¢€ arival to the Thames, or at least to Yarmouth, in the Gulf of Jahde, has not disturbed much less thy trasquifty ‘ot! foe" gover much less aqui nt or le of England, the latter of whom will probabl Fearn fires fete oar columns the whereabouts ax: the nature of the new Prussian port of Jahde, par- chased from Oldenburg for £30,000. We have stated all the particulars which have come toour knowledge concerning it, and there is in them no thing, eo far as the ostensible object of them is con- ete the acquisition ie lkely to" haye on the fete e acqui 0 have on jnde- pent of some minor German States is their Azur Naws.—Toe following order is being pud- lished by the War Department:— - The following regulations have been recetved from the War ent, and are published for the in- formation of all concerned: 1, Paragraph 974 of the General Regulations of 1841 ia so far modified as to substitute singls iron bedstesds for the wooden bunks prescribed by that paregrarb to be furnished by the Quartermaster’s jr 5 ™ Paragraph 1,102 of the Regulation of the Sub sistence department is amended #0 as to authorize an ine; eare of the ration of hard bread to one pound to troops detached from their posts and employed in the cutting of roads or other or stant labor. 3. Paragraph 22 of the Regulations for the Re cruiting Service is amended go as to read as follows: “No person under the age of 21 yeara is to be en- listed without the written consent of his gaardian or master, which consent will invariably be appsnd- ed to the enlistment.” By order of the Secretary of War. 8. Coormr, Adjutant. Legal Intelligence, COURT OF APPEALS. JAN. 9—No, 32. Lawrence agt. Williams. Argued. N. Hill, Jun., for appellant; J.M. Platt for respsndent. No, 12. Decker agt. Mathews. Argued. N. Hill, Jun,. No. 32. for appellant; J. A. Spencer for respondent, Dolph agt. White. Argued. §. K. Williams for sppel lant; Jon H. Reynolds for respondent. Evening sea- siou.—Nos. 2and4 Reynolds and another agt. Davis and another. On argument. Charles 0’Conor for appel- lants; F, B. Cutting for respondents, No, 38, Reseryed for 16th. No, 153. Struck off. JAN. 10.—Nos. Zand 4, Concluded. No. 34. Argued, N. Hill, Jun., counsel for appellant; J. H. Reynolds counsel for respondents. Nos. 223 and 224, Judgment affirmed by default. JAN, 11.—No. 84. Concluded. No. 87, American Sun- ay School Union agt. Jonathan Wadams. Argued. S. ‘A. Foote counset for appellant; Henry a for re- rt nt, No. 67. Struck off. No. 39. Phelps agt. Chemung Canal Bank. Argued. B. D. Noxon counsel for appellant; N. Hill, Jun,, counsel for respondent. No. 43, Hall and another against Kellogg and others, Argued. Mr. John L. Taleott counsel for appellants; Mr. Jobn L. Custenius counsel for respondents. No. 41, Wayne and another agt. Sherwood, Argued. Me. Heary R. Selden counsel for appellant; Mr. J, H. Martindale, counsel for respondent. Destructive Fie mw Lyxcusvne, Va.—One of the most destructive firea winch has ever occurred in this city broke out between three and four o’elock Saturday morning. Tho fire originated in the machine shop of C. Eames, at the lower ond of Main street; communicating with the adjoining buildin, on the opposite side of the street, consumed nine front shops tenements, with three or four rear buildings, before it was arrested. The loss we have been unable to ascertain with any c@#tainty, but understood that it will thaps amount to more than $20,000, $7,000 of which command of the avenues of trade, and the safe and expeditious transit of the products of the moat weal- thy and populous parts of Africa, to one central port, affording easy and secure approach for ship- ping, are matters that will mot be questioned. Va- rious schemes have been started, aid thousands of lives bave been sacrificed in the attemo%s of Euro. peans to got at the wealth of the interior of Africa. Opinion has finally settled down upon one point of agreement, namely: that the productive wealth of Africa is worthy of pursuit, provided the means of obtaining it should not beattended with too great & sscrifice, and should also be deprived of any fea- ‘ure ot inhumanity. I make these introductory remarks because of the importance of the subject matter which I am about to communicate—no leas than the secure meaus of opening a trade and commercial relations with & power south of Morocco, and at the southern foot of the Atlas mountains, from which I aati- cipate benefits, in # national point of view, that seem to me to be of vast importance and value; and as the late accredited officer of the govorn- ment of the United States at Morocdo, having the best means of information, I state the facta which follow, on unquestionable grounds. The proposition consists in opening a direct com- munication with the Sheik Beircok, of Wednoon, (of whose precise locality I will speak pressntly,) with a view to trade, and the establishment of an American agency in cne of his principal cities. This project is favored by the Sheik himself; and of this I have had repeated evidence in interviews with several of his friends and agents, while on visits to Tangier. His anxiety to open trade and commer cial relations with other nations, is the more mani- fest from the fact that previous to the application being made to me, as Consul of the United States, to entertain the proposition, the Shelk proposed the same matters to other consuls, particularly the French and English; but, for reasons which will hereafter appear, the offers have not yet baen accepted. The city of Wednoon is in that part of West ern Barbary situated on the boriers of the Atlantic ocean, aud about the latitude of the Cavary Iales. It is close upon the conflaes and oorth of Sshara, or the great desert. It is, therefore, favorably situated, and its chief towns communicate with the sea, by means of « naviga- ble river of the same name. Tho bay is large and secure, affording good anchorage; and the means for communication with tie town are easy and safe. The town I now speak of isthe one ia which the Sheik resides, with o opnlas'oe. of about five thousand. There are other inland towns, or cities, even larger than this, auder the jurisdiction of the Sheik, butfor all business purposes and importance the ‘' City of the Sea,” as it is called by the Moora, is the one I have now in view. The geographical Vaecist of Wednoon is rey gn? calculated for facilitating an extensive trade with the seuthern and western part of Africa, and the vast interior countries. It pas to the north the thickly iahaoi:ed and enterprising country of the Bled-itjerid, to the east the large distri :t of Suse, aud to the southward aud eastward, beyond the Desert, the negro coun- tries, comprising the weal:hy and industrious pao- ple of fimbuctoo, Soudan, Baxbara, and many other populous countries. Tnese last named coua- tries are auppoged to be the Eldorado of Africa, and are at any time within easy reach of Wedaoon, by a travel of from thirty to forty days, the latter beivg the longest for caravans in crosaing that part of desert. It will from this be seen that Wed- noon ia the central point of African wealth and proepecity, Tbe principal portion of the trade of these coun- tries finds its way to Wednoon, wheré tne Soudan traders dispose of their produce to the merchants or agents of Morocco. During the travelling season the great “acc,” or ma:ket, is held once or twicea week, and as many as twenty thousand camels are knewn to be collected in one spot with the produce of several of these countries, and disposing of the same at Wednoon. A British travelier, Mr. David- eon, who resided some months at Wedn on ia 1837 speaks in enthusiseti> terms of the vast amouat of wealth which is thus collected, and of the sacrifice to hyo Safest is effected by its sale and distribu- tion to ports in Arica for Earopean consump- tion. Other soca, or markets, are held daily at the distance of a few miles from the town of Weinoon; but without intermission the immediate hbor- hood of het is Rect, Perens As and enterprise, settling one 8 amount of the known trade of the whole of thie taaton ot Western Africa. 8: of an eatimate of this trade pat be inferred from the fact that the princi- pal, if indeed the whole of the gums, ivory, wool, &c., &o., the produce of this country, usei Europe and the United States, first nave to pass through Wednoon before reaching the porta in Mo- rocoo and eleewhere for reshipmeat. The writer of this has had frequent assurances, by native traders and intelligent Moorish merchants that the Soudan countries send away as little of their produce as possible, in coneequence of the stcallness of demand for it, and the frequent unsale- ableness of their commodities. The traders of Sou- dan have long and zealously labored to obtain for Wednoon some of the advan she is so able of panna The Governor ot town of St. Cras aasured British traveller above alluded to, «shat from his district alone he could give constant em- ployment to 200 ships,” and we well know that at one period St. Cruz, in the district of Suse carried op & great commerce with various Leiner ei # I trust I have been thus far succeasfal in show the immediate adi that would be deri from Christian intercourse with the Sheik of Wed- noon. This immense trade would finda sure outlet from this at one third its present cost. It would facilitate and increase the traie of those countries already pointed ou:, while it would draw from us our cotton manufactures and such other commodities as are required in the African market. For a time, at least, specie would not be required for the transaction of business onthe part of the American trader, while the baiance of trale would be paid to us in epecie or the gold dust of the inte- rior. In letters from the Sheik, received while agent for the United States, he says, ‘‘we do not want your vessels with money; we want your cottons, muzslins, long cloths, teas aud sugars, and for these we will give you return cargoes and specie.” The qu dcubtlesa before this bas been asked, why, withao many advantages as are here set forth, have not some of the goveraments of Europe attempted the establishment of this trate? The answer is that the same has been repeatedly attempted, but failed jeal and the threats of war. In 1815, or soon after, the French eent to Wednoon a powerful fleet, with merc’ ant vea- sels, and mechanics to put up warehouses, for the ercoursgemert and protection of French trade. The French Admiral entered into a treaty with the Sheik, the father of the present Governor, grauting to French traders an entire monopoly of the market and port. The defeat of this measure was effscied by the interference of Great Britain, who at the claimed to be protectorate of the Maro guaine Empire, of which, as she alleged, Wednoon waa a dependency, and part thereof, A few years since the French made a second effort, bat in- peti se te to bear aoe the i at. mpt & controlling er in preveating the settlement of the neoond and nat. Thave i mi, » (@ copy of which [ shail attaci to this T,) ® series of interrogatories given for answer and examination into, of a confidential character, by the Britis: Secretary of the departure of Mr. Davidson to Wed- noon. These, as will be shown, were aa- ee ey saeveresl bat the close connection of with Moroceo, the supplies her gar- rison at Gibraltar was reosiving, together with the well founded ap .tebension that {t would give rise to remonstrance on the part of France, were reasons sufficiently strong with her to prevent tho forme tion of a treaty. This is the object ot British for- bearance; but it is well known that the ficst dif- viz.: that the’ British government, while it admits ‘ the Suitan’s sovereignty over Weduoon, not hold the Emperor respvcsibie for avy acts commit- tec poe Brisish interests by sa‘d power. Thera wiil uo diffloulty in making out this doubie phsce of the question, or in referring the same to the proper mosive, The interes: of the Sultan in re me thia order of thiogs fs naturally vory considerable, for it 1s this trace waich pases through bis county under the present 3) stem, that evables bim to enrich bis treasury, first, by import, avd a‘ter by export duties. This trade, that mizat atonce be free and unfeter:d, is now subject (og rossest imposition and the icaviest of vexa' > for not alone does the Emperor obtain from it ois tax, but the caids and governors of towns tarough which ‘it passes also derive from it tasir support. It may well be imagined that the foay of the Sultan would be considerable by any arraogemont with Wednoon that would open to as, or totne world, that important port. The jealousy of Emperors in relaticn to the port of St. Cruz forced ic flasl abandonment, with a view to make the revenue more certain ard more immediately under imperial control, by establishirg ia Morocco the ports of Mogadore, Mezagan, &c. The gold worked from she mines of Timbuctoo, which in reatity is composed of various sized pieces of this precious metal, im , largely taxed when it reaches Moro:co; and before it can be sent off, or before it gets int» tre hands of the Christian shipper, the original balk has dimin- ished at least two-thirds, Yet the amount of tais metal in circulation is very great, fur its gold in all instances is obtained by a mining pro- cess known as Paring, existing for handreds of ara. in ica, It is the only gold used for coining pu' by the African arjizs, and its supply 1s at all times, even under at dis- advantages, equal to the dsmand for it. The writer of this has consulted with merchants and natives from the Soudan countries upon their agricultural , resources, and the wealth of their mines; and meking allowance for Moorish e: tion, the American conception of the actual wealth of Tim- buctoo, end neigoboring countries, is surprising'y imperfect. I have also questioned several low established Caristian merchants on the northera | coast, and their ascounts fully accord with thosu | oa given. The labor required to work these miae: but small, as the ore everywhere abounds, snd yields from eighty to pints per cent of the pure metal. It may be inferred what advantages trade would receive by the cirsulation of this metal ia exchange for our commodities, and the stimuia: tion that this trade would give for its produotion is this quarter. * This preliminary was essential to the point ik «l view—the formation of a treaty on the part of the Urited States with the Sheik of Wedaooa. Snould our government agree in this view, that important commercial advautages are to be attained by the éstablishment of a consular, or other agency, st the port , jour Correspgadeat would be; to suggest that in reality there should not be allowed to prejudice the under- taking apy of the difficulties that have hitherto been started in the case of Eagland and Franco. The United States holds ita distinct position as an independent ration, and is not supposed to be influ- enced in its action by those usages or rules that are known in Earope as checks or preven‘ives agaiost encroachment upon foreign ey The obje tion to France on the part of Gieat Britain, way the ascendancy she would attain by the establishment of ber power and inflaence in that region of A‘rics; but as no such fears oan witn reason be entertali towards the United States, it is not likely that ‘ open objection would be heard. But even shoal such be the case, it 1s acarce!y to be conceived how the United States, in its isolated character aud dia- tine’ position, is bound to consul: tue prejudices of other nations, or their jealousies, whendn opposition to our patioual interests. The Sheik of Wednoon claims complete independ- ence, and this is shown, by his goveramsnt, to be something more than assertion, from the allegiance which his own and the surroumiing countries pay to his person. 15 is also shown by his desire to en- gage in treatics with toreign nations, aud by his promises and abilities to protect acd envourage for- cign trade. These views are sustained by the intel- — ligent traveller already named,in a despaton to Lord Patmerston. ‘The climate of Wednoon is regarded as among the mest favorable of any in Africa, and the couatry is seldom vis.ted by any pestilence or infec:ious dis- ease. Tomy mind, Mr. Editor, there are few things more feasible, or more easy of accom: ent, and its ultimate and immediate importan:e to tae United States recommends tue attention of our government at Wantiagten te She antyect, eo one of no ordinary character. obugaoicons errr poe another sabject je € prodnce upon slavery, and the of fafluence it may be meds to exercise for ita discouragement ; for it is by thia means, and this means alone, that the slave traffic can be abolished ia tas country, by bi taose of Africa it is encouraged into immedi- ate contact with the Christian world, through the *Af'wil vot fartuer ealarge upon tha, to sho, tm not er q , to me, tant subject. Whether of not the United Bectes will move in this matter, the day is not far distant when Wednoon will be direcs channel to convey the roduce of Western Africa to the Christian world. not entering upon ‘testy. Scrme with tbs governing en upon witl power of We , when invited to ‘do ae by that , evidently was caused from an apprehension such an acton her part might give offencs to Great Britain, whose os ly object of interference hes been to give the monopoly of African trade to Bri- tish cruisers and capitaliste—a poiat ~ has too Wednoon is still o; for American enterprise to avail iteelf of. All is required for success is the formation of a treaty between the two countries. The United States has out of her way poetty in securing for us privileges froma more and baroarcus part of the world; and as your cor- respondent is 5; ing now from indisputable data, it is to be hoped that Wednoon may shortly receive that attention from our government at Washington that ite commercial importance to the United States dernands. Tomas N. Carr, EXTRACTS AND NOTES. Taken from Official Documents im Possession of the Brith Charge d’ Affuws at —~—, pri re Jchn Davidson, a British Traveller ai A who visited Wednoon, for the Peried of Siz Months, in the Years 1836 and 1837. To Lonp Patwerton, (dated Nov. 6, 1836):— Sheik Beirook is #2 proud of the very ides of a ship coming to bis territory, that he has ordered Haji Abib to write to everybody who can assist ua in the least. To the same, (dated Nov. 2, 1837):—Since lense tees hip, I have vieited Sheik Bel- rook. re is no such river as the Akasa; it is the Aeeaka, r near to this place. [Wednoon.} Between this and ‘is there are two other rivers not laid down in the the Boukoreman aad the Bysd. The first, atwhich the Sheik wishes to form his poet is the mouth of the rivet Drats, ~ (laan-el-Wad Drahs}, which, accordiag to my reck- ouing, is thirty-two mile: southw set of Cape Noon, and should goonpy the place on the map mark. ed“Akasga.” Ifear the Sheik over estimates his means, but not at all the capabilities of the country. Im confident much may done in ® commercial int of view, but he wants a better port than Wad- raha. He has, however, shown much judgment in the selection of bis position. Taese people can fornigh large quantities of prodave, a4 woud be large consumers could they purchase ar on reasonable terms. They have in tneir ands the largest portion of the Soudan trade, ia gold, ivory. &o., kc. They rear large quantities of wootand sking, and in the district Cocteau of this, immenee quantities of oil (olive), wax, hides, al- mords. &c., kc. The present soc,or market, will number over 2,000 osmels. selec 9 Consular residence. % at once to he a the route from thence formed in forty days, and carried Couriers would To°Boudan, 10 be. per & large trade to be on, ee 7 a coe or t wi receive exchan; on wool hides, ostsich feathers, ivory, gol, with eithe rodace of Soudan, which would find its way to by @ lengthened j ba Upon its establissment he : +} H Ay i i ft EE fi