The New York Herald Newspaper, December 17, 1854, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. samms GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. OFFICE NM. W. CORNER NASSAU AND FULTON ors. TERMS, cashin advance. DAILY HERALD, 2 cents per copy—@l per annum. The WEERLY HERALD cory Satur Loy Glee a ‘annum; the Buropern Edition ‘annum, ry ny perl af Great Britain, and $8 to any part of the Con: VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing impor- feat news, solicited from any quarter of the wor! used ill be liberoily pasd for. ‘say Oun Fonzion Comnasron- Sante ana FAnTiOULARLY REQUESTED TO SEAL ALL er tons ENT US. ZLL LETTERS by Moil for Subscriptions or with Adver- sicements to be post puta, or the postage will be deducted from ae remitted. ; NO NOTICE taken taf anonymous communications, We do met return those rejects } JOB PRINTING executed with neatness, cheapness, and itch. *“J5VERTISEMENTS renewed every dav. We. 343 AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW BVENING, EATRE, Brosdway—Fra Diavo.o—A EMAN, TRE, Bowery—Roven Diswonv—Ouv LACE. Broadway—Lucy oy LamMERMOOR i— SOMNAMBULA. BURTON'S THEA’ » amnbers street Urrzn Tax anv Lower Twenty—Apoi.o in New Yorn. WALLACK’S THEATKE, Broadway—Two ro Ons—& rly Mas FROM [uxevavo—Done on Born Sipes. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, Gasraxvo. AMERICAN MUSEUM— Lenp Me Five Smiiines. Broadway—Souamyi— fternocn—Quite ar Homr— ‘Broning—Vinginrvs. WOOD'S VARIETI£ES—Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway. BUCKLEY'S OF uxv’s Ermioriay WOOD'S MINSTREL: , 639 Brosdway—Bvuox- e fF New York, Friday, December 17, 1854. ‘The News, ‘The 20 called fusion democracy held a meeting in the Chinese Assembly R:oms last night, to pertect their organization ard ele:t cfficers, which they did. All the wards were represented with the single exception of the Nineteenth. John Cochrane ‘was chosen president for the coming year. It was determined to hold public meeting st Tammany Hall at an ear'y day, to give expression to the sen- timents of the new organization. The meeting was compored principally of soft-shell officeholders. It is stated that the sudden closing of navigation has locked up about 186,000 bushels of corn and wheat in the Welland canal. Added to this,a larger number than usual of canal boats, laden with flour and grain, are frozen in the canal between Albany and Buffalo. This large amount of produce, if it reaches tuis market at all before spring, must do ro by railroad transportation. Ths Legislative Council of Nova Scotia having accepted the re- ciprocity treaty, it only remains forthe fact to be. come officially known at Washington, and for the President to isaue bis proclamation, for the treaty to go into full effect. From that period all duties on Canadian grain, flour, coal, &., will cease. The present difference between Canadian flour if bond and duty paid is sbout one dollar per barrel. The Becretary of the Treasury estimates that the opora- tion of this treaty will cut off about one and a half million dollars revenue. The wheat and com fast ix the Welland canal and on Lake Oatario are Probably worth about $500,000, the duty on which, st 20 per cent, would amouat to $100,- 000. Opinions vary regarding the supply of breadstuffs remaining in the interior, aad espe- cially at the West. Some contead that the wheat crop, with the exception of certain localities, was a fall average one, while the same re mark avplies with less force to Indian corn and other grain, and that the high atate of the credit tevelations of the barometer, besides other"matters ] mieguided men, badly equipp:dand unsupport- entertaining and instructive. , Gov. Pease of Texas has given notice that prop> seals for a contract to construct the Mississippi acd Pacific Railroad will be received f:om responsible bidders, at the office of the Secretary o State, uutil the lst of May next. He states in his proclama‘ion that the contract made with R. J. Walker and T. Butler King is null and void by their failure to make ‘the deposit required in the description of secari.ies | mentioned in the agreemen’. The Governor of Nova Scotia has made proclama- tion of the act of the Legislature carrying out the provisions of the reciprocity treaty. James Fitzginbon, the person tried for robbing the Post Office of this city, was yesterday found guilty by the jury. Sentence was deferred. The purishment is imprisonment for not less than ten years. American Symspathics and the War in the East. The history of the United States for the past few years has furnished seve:a occasions for a very free expression of opinions respecting her Policy and the spirit and tendencies of her people on the part of the publicists of Europe. Her rapid expansion of territory, increase of population, and material progress, have opened the eyes of the decadent nations of ‘he Old World to the great fact that, amongst the forests of America, hilf a century of freedom has reared into existence a mighty people, not only active and rich, but proud, defiagg and power- ful. The thunder mallet of Thor, hurled amongst the first giants of Asgard, created no more astonjshment and alarm than the unwil- ling recognition of this great fact amongst the | ed, eecaped from the United States and landed | upon the shores of Cuba. And now immacu- late Britain, in @ transport of indignation, | tuperadded to ‘land stealers,” the designation of “pirates!” The American people, the entire American people,*of whom something less than one in every hundred thousand par- ticipated in the Cuban invasion, who never added.a foot to their territories except by legiti- | mate purchase—the entire American people | We re again characterized as “land stealers” ard “pirates,” whem it wasa duty alike to | God end humanity tocompassround with bands, | “ triple treaties,” “joint remonstrances,” and | all the old trad tional trumpery of decrepit | Europe! “Joint Remonstrances!”” | Not many months have elapsed sinc: on* of | the highest members of the British cabinet, | flushed with the success ofan unnatural alliance | with a traditional enemy, exultingly announced from his seat in Parliament that this haughty alliance sought not only to con'ro! the affairs of Earope, but to extend its operations to Amo- rica. The threat was hurled defiantly at the | United States, and echoed exultantly by the | British prese. t was caught up by the organs of reaction in Spain, in Cuba, and in Mexico, and coupled with bitter taunts, rung again and again in the ears of the American people. But yesterday, a feeble sovereign in the Pa- cific, holding a shadowy sceptre over a people thoroughly Americanized, tired of enacting the farc® of a monarchy, and willing to submit cheerfully to a change, beneficial not to the hoary old despotisme, and decrepit, marrowless kingdoms of Europe. Instead, however, of accepting the develope- ment of the United States as a legitimate index of the age, and rejoicing in her growth and prosperity as beneficial to humanity, and as the advent of a brighter era for mankind, they have systematically misrepresented and ma- ligned her, and sought to “ compass her round with metes and bans,’’ to destroy her prestige, end check her growth. England has been fore- most in this unworthy wirfare; and yet, noto- rious as has been her policy, and undisgulsed as has been her hostility, she seems to think that we must side with her in every quarrel in which her celfish policy may embroil her, and affect to believe the pretexts of high principle under which she seeks to veil her aggressions on the rights, and her opposition to the pro- gress of other nations. She asks us '0 believe that the war in which she is now engaged is a war of principle, and not of selfishness, and that the threatened liberties of Eu- rope, and not the security of her ill-gotten spoil in the East, have forced her to espouse the cause of an effete nationality, whose disap- pearance from the continent of Europe ¢ould not fail to redound to the glory of God and the benefit of mankind. She asks us, in this, the last half of the nineteenth century, to shut our eyes to the great historical fact that Russia, with- in three hundred years, has reclaimed from the darkest barbarism the largest empire that the sun shines upon, and brought within the pale of civilization # hundred millions of people —a result, all things considered, more wonderful than that which the United States herself has achieved. She would have us believe that the eystem at the West, sustained by an inflated bank currency, with sore better condition of the fa-m icg viasses, induced holders of breadatafiy to with bold shipmerts early in the season, w:th a view o! forcing higrer prices. Bat when the credit of the Danks broke down it was too lats is tise season w make heavy shipmests. The aitempt has resu ited in the teizare of lerge quantities in transita by ice, No one can doubt but, had the Westara beaks given way Isat sprivg, instead of tho pas autumn, thst our :eceipts would have been a great deal larger, and prices lower. There are co: want, ing some persoas, however, who contend that the crops were a1 largely deficient, and tha’ the ia terior is bare of supplies This we consider au exsg- natural expansion of this great nation, whose destiny is boldly indicated by her geographi- cal position and the circumstances of her histo- ry, isdangerous to the “liberties of the world,” as if the whole of Europe were not at this hour practically as despotic as Russia itself! But the United States is not to be cajoled by fair words, or deceived by shallow pretexts. Thus much the so-called organs of public opin- ion in England have finally come to under- stand. The London Times, in an article upon the defeat of the allies before Petropauloski, ilustrates the truth of what we have said when it ascribes the results of that “great gerated view of the case. We know tha’ since the ice enclosed large amounts of prodace im travsitu that tie mein tanks of ratirouds weading esst and west bave had more {icish Offercd them than they can comvey. It ig ssid that the Michigan Soutuern aad Northern Iadiana, and the Centra! Michigan roade, are taxed to their ut moat capacity to do the ousiness offered, and tuat there is sufficient freight already accumulated at Toledo to employ the Lake Shore Riilroad all winte to transportit. Thissnows a want of alaority, « unwillingness to send forwart tiis vast amouss prodace, during tie reguiar sea-on of foxmal n+ tion. ‘he failure of banks andthe wantof m is now torcing them to pu two late to psy them a prot, high freights, which they migvt heve obtained by caval traasportatio.. Hence, by @:is perversion of traie, through th agency of inflated paper money, cousumera at th East are doomed to pay high prices during wiute for flour, while the proincers and speculators wii not be benefited. [he only interest aided by shiv movement will be the railroads, An sccount of the execution of Nich las Bebaa, at River:ca’, Long Island, on Friday, is given iv today’s paper. He wes convicted of the murder 0! the Wickham family, the circumstances of which as well as those of the captare and trial of the mar- derer, are no doubt fresh in the recollection of our readers. Behan protested bis innocence of tnc ctime to tke last; but the cbdurateness which he so well maintaixed previous to acd doring his trial de- serted bim towards the close, and he met his fate without any show of bravado. An immense throng of pertons was present, eageriy watcning the pro- gress of the ternbie drama. The total number ot deaths in this city. dariog the pest week, as we learn from the official report of the City Inspector, was 385, viz.:—77 mea, 76 women, 137 boys, and 95 gitls, showing an increase of 68 on the mortality of the veek previous. There qere 31 deatbs.of consumption, 8 of bronchitis, 15 of dropsy, and 31 of inflammation of the lungs. With these exceptions the report presents uo fer prominen ¢ in th» cav of mortality among our adult popolation. Nearly every conceivable form of disease baa clsimed its quota of victims. Of children, convulsions carried off 36, croup 14, scarlet fever 18, marasmus 7, and measles6. There are 8 premature births and 28 caces of stillbora reported. We judge from the report that the four corouers of the city are experiencing dull times in their depart- ment, hich no one will regret. The deaths from external causes are limited to one casualty by being run over, one fatal fracture of the skull, one from poison, and one suicide by hanging. Not a sngle instaxce of drowning’ or murdering is recorded, | woich is an unusual circumstance. Thare were but | forty-one deaths in the public institutions, which contain about six thousand inmates. The nativity | table gives 235 natives of the United States, 73 of | Ireland, 43 of Germany, and 13 of Rogland. | On our ineide pages will be found interesting \et- | ters from cur correspondents at Loniion, Paris, La- | haiva, St. Panl Minnesota), and St. Louis (Mfo.); proceedings concerning’ Fiorida and T:xas bonds before the Mixed Commission in London for the | settlement of claims; a letter from P. Colburn Adams, relative to the Peabo ily and Sickles dispute; testimony taken on the trial of Arrison, at Cincin- cati, charged with killing, by the expfosion of an bterpal macdine, Isaac Allisen and his wife; list of American patente; correr, ondence between Geo. D. Prentice and Butt Howson of Arkensas; the new Eset Indic Company; the Covington shooting affair; wil of the late Father Braty, of Hartford; the new | ovuoty of Schnyler; Canadian Legislative affairs ; a o Fst ey mistake” to the “false information” and the “treachery” of American guides. We can safely decline to notice such aspersions, while we recognise fully the truth of the comment which follows. The Z'imes says :— Little confidence must be placed in any supposed sym- pathy of race, of religion, of constitution, or anyth! else, between us and the Americans, Thoy have nothing o fear from the Russians, and a good deal to fear, or rather to be jealous of, with ourselves, as they believe. We may as well, therefore, make up our minds to their following their’ interest, as they think it, and letting sympathies alone. Of course they have no particular pleasure in seeing our frigates roaming across the Pacific, visiting the islands, tampering with the chiefs, prowling about the coasts,’ sailing into harbors, ani otherwise making themselves at home, Would Never were spoken truer words! “the organ of public opinion” in -England have reasons for thi- state of feeling in America? They are numerous and at hand. The United States of North America, since its organization as a republic. has nearly quad- rupled its territory. It now siretches from one great ocean to the other, from the torrid to the frigid zone, over twenty-five degrees of lati- tude and fifty of longitude, and embraces near- ly two anda haf millions of square miles of surface, equal to two-thirds of the entire area of Europe. Yet these United States of North America never acquired one foot of this vast territory except by fair purchase and open and honorable negotiation. Impartial history must accord to her the praise of a moderation in her international relations such as cannot be con- ceded to any other power under Heaven. But hardly had Texas echieved her iodepen-* dence before Great Britain hastened to recog- nize it, hoping thereby to secure a pred ominat- ing influence with the new republic, and re- lieve herself from entire dependence on the United States for her great manufacturing staple, cotton. Annexation threatened to de- feat this arrangement, and disinterested Britain interposed to prevent annexation Her astute dipiomatists so far exerted them- selves with tue Mexican government as to be able to promise its recognition of Texan inde- pendence on condition that Texas should ab- stain from annexation. Does any one suppose the condition was framed in Downing street? But intrigue failed, and annexation triumphed. Thenceforth the American people were “aggressionists’’ and “land stealers.” One would have ewpposed, in listening to compli- | mentary Britain, that there was something | felonious ina fair aud above board bargain between two sovereignties. Certainly no one would have supposed that all this indignation originated in the failure of a cotton epecula- tion. | The Mexican war followed; Mexico was con- quered; and by all precedents, and under those rales of international law which Britain ber- self bad aided to establish, might have been ab- sorbed in the United’ States, without affordiog @ just ground of complaint to other natioas. But the United States waived her right of in demnity even, and magnanimously paid fifteen millions of dollars for a piece of territory which was then almost valnoless. But unsatis- | United States alone, but to the world, proposed to reneunce his mimic state, and take the Dobler rank of an American citizen. This pro- ceeding, so naturaland proper, carried forward by means as honorable as they are sanctioned by precedent, is made the ground of an attack upon the government and people of the United States unsurpassed for its mendacious malig- nity. And who is the man who thos auda- ciously stands up before an independent sove- reign to brow-beat and bully him, while libel- ling a whole peop'e in terms ‘00 gruss to be repeated? An officer of the Pr.t'ah crown. A ration thus regardless of the feelings of a proud and sensitive people can scarcely expect to receive its sympathy ina war undertaken and prosecuted from considerations of the in- tensest selfishne:s, as palpable to the world as the pretexts which are put forward in justifica- tion are shal’ow. We have found Russia, with no hypocritical pretensions o! L:berality, enter- ing frankly into treaty relations establishing the sound principle of “free ships make free goods,” while the “champions of liberal ideas”’ deny the principle itself while ungracicusly conceding its application ‘for the present; or, in other words, un‘il their interests indicate another policy ! The Times has uttered most, trae words; neithex England nor France can expect from us, in the straits to which they are fast deing reduced, either sympathy or support. The ut most they wi!l receive is the recognition of the bravery and devotion of their soldiery, linked with regrets that these should not be dedicated to a holier cause and a loftier purpose than the retention of Turkish sway in Europe, and that of checking the career of a power which has achieved more for civilizatton within the past three hundred years than any other nation under the sun. No instincts of race, no simi- larity of religion, nor assumed similarity of constitution, can blind the American people to the true significance of the war in the East Public opinion here is undoubtedly favora Jle to Ruseia. There is no necessity for disguising the fact, and England is welcome to the admis- sion. Not that we love Russia more, but be- cause we hate her less! Tae Irish Meetinc.—A meeting of Irish was held at the Tabernacle on Friday, to con gratulate William Smith O’Brien on his good fortune in having escaped honorably from Van Dieman’s Land, and returned to Europe. Ap- pended to the address calling the meeting to- gether were s.veral American names—s ch as Mayor Westervelt, Mayor elect Wood, John Van Buren and Wm. C. Bryant, Hor +: Gree- ley and Henry J. R.ymond, Distric A* orney Shepard ond Collector R:dfield, Judge Beebe and Chauncey Burr, end others of the same class and character. With the excep''»1 of poor Mayor Westervelt, who presided, the American participa ors in the movemen‘ con- tented themselves With signing the requisition, and lefi the ranting to the pure-tlooded Celts. Are there any people who, in the face of this, still wonder tbat the Know Nothing movement should have succeeded as it has? That exiles who have found a safe refuge in this country should sympathise with those among their companions who are still in fo- reign lands, is but natural: and if they did so ina private and modest way,no one would make the smallest objection. But instead of this, a public meeting is held, blazoned forth impudently as an act of the people of New York, and an opportunity is afforded to a par- cel of corrupt party politicians to catch at the Trish vote. Such people as the mayor and office holders under the administration, small bewspaper editors and ca&didates for ail sorts of public plunder, eagerly embrace the chance of bringing their names before the public, and securing, a8 they fancy, the Irish vote for the next election. It is this sort of thing which has disgested the people of this country with naturalized foreigners, and caused the Know No- thing movement. If the Irish exiles were sensible men, they would reject corrupt proffers of friendship from native politicians, Taey would say ‘o Mr. Wood, you want to pay us for elect- ng you Mayor; to Mr. Greeley, you want us to buy the Tribune; to Mr. Raymond, you mean to thank us for making you Lieutenant Governor; to Mr. Shepard, you are looking out for the District Attorneyehip at the next election; to Mr: Re:field, you intend to make your bargain in 1856 as the leader of the Irish party; to Mr. Burr, you want to be somebody; to John Van Buren, you have an eye to the next Presidential canvass, when the Irish vote may be useful. Instesd f seeing or saying this, the Irish receiveethe politicians with open arms, and affurd them every faci ty for carrying out their corrupt schemes. This sort of thing has been carried on for twenty years, and has been the chief cause of the corruption which prevails at our elections, J Its day may now be considered as over. The Know Nothing movement is only in its infancy but it has already mastered the greater part of the country, and ‘resh accessions are daily strengthening iis ranks All the old leaders are falling in, one by one, under the native American banner; «nd with prudence and skill there cannot bea question but its ; ower will soon be irresistible. The rogues who truckle fied Britain s:raitway denounced the American people as doubly “ iand stealers.”’ A few hundred brave aud chivalrous, perhaps to fereign exiles without caring » buttoa for them or their cause, will then flad pernaps that honesty would have bees ihe best jolicy. thrown out by several of the musical journals to the effect that the Italian Opera is in great distress for want of proper support. So lament- able an occurrence may well give rise to pub- lic sorrow. It is absolutely heartrending to think that artists of the calibre of Mario and Grisi are neglec‘ed in so high!y polished and fashionable a community as this Some, who take a deep interest not only in the prosperity of these singers but in the character of the city | for musical taste, are agitating for a scheme to | repair the past, and rouse the public to exer- | tions for the future. Such a plan merits uni- versal encouragement. A committee of expe- rienced men shou!d be named t» consider of the matter, and shoul i be instructed to devise some method whereby the people of New York should be forced to aflen! the opera on the regular days, and afford a fair harvest to the great per- formers,- With pro, er exertions, there can be no.doubt of the success ofsueh a scheme. An address, now, similar in style and conception to those pericdically put forth by the Munici- pal Reform Committee, and calling upon the people of New York to provide themselves with white gloves, new hats, a d the other elements of fashionable attire, and to purchase,each man, so many tickets a week for the Italian Opera, might have a salutary effect. At all. events, something can be done, either in this way or in another; and the committee should be ap- pointed forthwith. When its labors are over, and the opera managers, and Mario and Griai are provided for and content, the same committee might de- vote a few moment’s attention to another— though obviously a minor—case of distress. We allude to the eighteen to twenty thousand la- borers and mechanics who are now idle and famishing in the streets of New York. As the winter creeps on, with coal $7 and $8 a ton, and flour $12 a barrel—double the rates these articles commanded eighteen months ago; and as wages fall, and work becomes scarcer and scarcer, the misery to be endured by certain classes in New York can hardly be described. There is absolute starvation in prospect for many : actual deaths from want of food and want of warmth. Nor can this prospect now be averted. ‘The suffering must be undergone. When, therefore, the compassionate and ex- perie:ced men who are concerned about the fate of the Italian Opera shall have so arranged matters as to ensure handsome profits to the owners and lessees of that edifice, and to the performers engaged therein, we tru:t they may devote their remaining energy to this other class of sufferers. Bread and fires are small matiers of course in comparison with operas, tenors, and splendid toilettes : but after all, the poor cannot live without them. It would be an unparalleled affliction to the city to recom- pense unsuitably anch performers as Grisi and Mario; but will it not be to their honor to let thousands of their countrymen starve. Let the committee meet and act promptly, for no time is to be lost. Tue funpuRY anp Erte RatRoap.—We have received an invitation to be present at the open- ing of this road from Milton to Williamsport This is «nly the opening of the first sec.ion of the road which is designed to compete with the Erie road in the Western travel and freighting bueiness. The Sunbury and Erie road is con nected with Philadelphia by the Reading Rail- road. Thence from Williamsport it will cross the State and touch Erie by a nearer and more direct route than that of the Erie Railroad With this terminus all the Western roads, through Indiana, Illinois and Michigan are con- nected, Erie being the point where the trade centres, and from which it is distributed. It now comes from Erie to New York, but the ob- ject of the Sunkury and Erie road is to get -ome of this business for Philadelphia. After the 18th instant, about fifteen miles of the road will be open. The ce'ebration of the opening will tke place at Williamsport te-morrow; the participants will leave Philadelphia early in the :orning, and the whole affair will be very interesting to Philadelphians and Pennsylv-nia people gene- rally. The Sunbury and Erie Railroad is the most extensive and important public improve- ment within her own borders that the Keystone State has ever been engaged in. The prospects of the road are not so brilliant as they might be; and since the failure of the movement to get a subscription from the city of Philadelphia, but very little progress has beén made upon it, It will be finished proba bly, but not for a long time yet. Tue Escare or Miss Bunkiey.--We priat ia to-day’s paper a note from the young lady who recently escaped from the Roman Catholic seminary at Emmetsburg, Md., in answer tothe letter from the Lady Superior. We trust that Miss Bunkley will prepare for the press a full and correct statement of the whole affair, and thus settle the vexed question. THE LATEST NEWS. BY MAGNETIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Opinion of Judge Dean on Naturalization. Povenkserste, Dec. 16, 1854. Judge Dean, of the Supreme Court in this place, hae forbidden his clerk to take proofs of citizenship and grant naturalization papers, and has directed that all those who wish to. become citizens hereaffer, must ap- ply to the Court. After hearing the proofs from num- bers of applicants to-day, he rejected nearly*all of them. He basgiven a written opinion, holding that admitting an alien to the rights of citizenship is a judicial act, and requires an examination by the Conrt in each case. Know Nothing Candidate for Governor In Virginia. Batrwore, Dec. 16, 1854. The American Organ, the new Know Nothing paper at Washington, says the Know Nothings of Virginia will make an independent nomination for Governor in that State. We have no mail this evening south of Richmond. Fire at Troy. Troy, Dec. 16, 1854, A fire occurred this morning in West Troy, destroying four frame buildings, occupied by Henry Cole, clothier; J. Foster, boot and shoe dealer; Jacob Cohen, clothier; Wm. Rouse, barber; James Morrison, saloon; James Bul- ‘ard, boots and shoes; Myers & Gunsanburt, clothiers. ‘The buildings were situated on the canal, near the corner of Union street, and were owned by Wm. Smith and John Knowes, of Albany. A covered bridge across the canal was also consumed. The total loss is $10,000, but is mostly covered by insurance. South. From TRE BLUE RIDGE RAILROAD -RISING OF THE ALA: BAMA RIVER. Couumma (8. C.), Deo. 16, 1854. ‘The House of Representatives of this State has passed a Dill eubséribing a million of dollars to the Blue Ridge railroad, and guaranteeing a million more. We learn from Mobile that the Alabama river in rising. es Arrival of the Marton at Charleston. CnantxeTox, Doo, 16, 1864 ‘The steamship Marion, from New York, arrived at, this port this afternoon at three o'clock, with all on board wel. Tur Harp Tows—Tue Orens.—Hints are | From the British Provinces. ‘THE RECIPROCITY TREATY IN THE BRITISH PROVINCES —MARINE DISASTER, BTO. Fy Boston, Dec. 16, 1854. A despatch received here from Halifax says that the Governor of Nova Scotia has, in accordance with the re- cent act of the Legislature, issued proclamation re- pealing the duties now paid by American shipmasters on the various articles which properly come under the pro- visions of the reciprocity treaty. ‘They also state that considerable irritation was being | felt throughout tie British provinces, in consequence of the delay in carrying’ out the provisions of the recipro- city treaty. The St. John (N. B.) papers of the 12th inst. say that the schooner Artpw, from Digby (N. 8.) for St. John-~ bad been lost , and it was feared that all the hands on board, and a number of the passengers, had perished. THE CANADIAN MINISTRY IN TROUBLE. Queueo, Dec. 15, 1854 In the Canadian Assembly at three o’clock this morn- ing, the ministry suffered a sectional defeat, being left in a minority of six among representatives from Lower Canada, on the legislative council’s amendments to the bill abolishing feudal tenure. They had, however, a ma- jority of six in the whole House. THE CANADIAN LEGISLATURE—LORD ELGIN, ETC. Quango, Dec. 16, 1854. The government recovered their sectional majority last night in the House of Parliamert, and carried the amend- ed feudal tenure abolition bill by a majority of twenty- one. This evening, in both houses a valedictory address to Lord Elgin was passed, who will assent to the clergy reserves secularization, feudal tenure abolition, and other bills, when Parliament will adjourn till February next. : Business Failures and Savings Banks Panic. Boston, Dec. 16, 1854. ‘The failure of the Glendon Iron Mill Company was an- nounced here to-day, and it was soon afterwards aszer- tained that on Monday last the superintendent, Mr. Brevyoort, who is well known in the cities of New Yori and Philadelphia, had left for parts unknown. On the Wednesiay following the company had receiv+d a letter from him, in which he statei that he was a defaulter, and added that it was useless to pursue him, as be would not be taken alive. The defalcation is estimated at two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. The failure of Messrs. Cutler, Brodhead & Clapp, e#- tensive stock and exchange brokers of this city; doing business in State street, was announced to-day. Thoir liabilities are not supposed to be very large. ‘There has been a severe run upon the ‘Provident In- stitution for Savings’ in this city, to-day, and in all about one hundred thousand dollars were withdrawn from it, principally by the Irish and Germaa depositors. The bank, however,-is perfectly solvent. There was a run, also, upon another baiik, principally by small bill holders, owing to the circulation of false rumors of trouble in its finencial affairs. From Baltimore. THE SOUTHERN MAIL—LATER FROM TEXAS—GOVERN- OB PEASE AND THE MISSISSIPPI AND PACIFIC RAILROAD. Baurimore, Dec. 16, 1854. By the arrival of the Southern mail, as late as duo, we have received New Orleans papers of Sunday, con- taining dates from Galveston, Texas, to the 7th inst. Governor Pease had issued a proclamation again of- fering the contract to construct the Mississippi and Pa- cifi@Railroad to responsible bidders. In his proclama- tion he states the contract entered into between him- self and Mesers. Walker and King and others, for the con- struction of the road, had become null and void, by the failure of the contractors to make the necessary deposit of three hundred thousand dollars in gold, silver, or evi- dences of the debt of the State of Texas, or other good par stocks. He also recites the authority given him as Governor in case such contract should be made with any other company or individuals for the construction of the said road, and gives notice that proposals for the purpose, in accordance with the provisions of the act of the Legislature, will be received at the office of the Seeretary of State, until the 1st of May next. From Boston. SMUGGLING—FIRE—DEATH OF A PHYSICIAN, Boszon, Dec. 16, 1854, The Custom House authorities of this city sezed last night about twelve hundred dollars worth of segars, smuggled into port by a bark from Havana. The depot of the Boston and Maine Railroad at Law- rence was destroyed by fire last evening. The loss on the building is $5,000—on freight not yet ascertained. The depot also contained a large amount of inward freight, including a consiierable quantity of flour, but the loss will not fall upon the company. Dr. Samuel Parkman, an eminent surgeon, died in this city this morning. a Explosion of a Locomotive and Loss of Lifc. PmiapEtpai, Dec. 16, 1854. Yesterday afternoon the engine Wisconsin, while draw- ing @ coal train on the Reading Railroad, exploded near Manayunk tunnel; instantly killing George Long, engineer, of Baltimore ; John Lynch, fireman; and Charles Millsr, of Dauphin county, and seriously injuring a lad gai a passenger who resides near Reading, but whose names we could not ascertain. The engine, which was one of Ross, .’8 coal burners, is a complete wreck. ‘Trial of Arrison, the Torpedo Man. Crvcixnati, Dec. 16, 1454. The trial of Arrison, the alleged murderer of the Alli- sons, at the hospital in this city, last winter, is still in progress. The evidence is all in, and counsel commenced summing up to-day. The case will probably go to the jury on Monday. The trift excites much interest here. Markets. New Orteays, Dec. 16, 1854. The cotton market is dull, and the veepep'! of prices downward. We report the sales to-day at 8,000 bales, The sales of the week add up 40,000 bales. The stockon hand is 180,000 bales; and the increased receipts at this port over those of last year at this time, amount to 41,000 bales. Sugar has declined.3¢c. per Ib. The rates for sterling exchange are without alteration. Monrte, Dec. 15, 1854, Our cotton market is dull, with a declining tendency. The sales of the week foot up 6,600 bales. The sales to-day amount to 1,000 bales. We quote middling at zee. '@ 8c. Freights to Liverpool are %d. Sterling ex- change is selling at 6% a 74 per cent premium. CnartEston, Dec. 15, 1854. There is a complete panic in the cotton market here, owing to the large failure of the house of Dulin. Tho tales to-day were 1,000 bales, at irregular rates. Cixcinnats, Dec. 16, 1854. Hogs are dull, at $425. Prime barrel lard is selling at 830. per lb. For mess pork, $1126 per bbl. is asked. Eastern exchange is que at one per cent premium, PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. ‘PAILADELPHIA, Dec. 16, 1854. ‘The money market is unaltered. Stocks are dull; Feadipg 38; Morris Canal11; Long Island Railroad 12; Pennsylvania Railroad 40% ; Pennsylvania 5’s 8034. Marine Affairs. Ric Farr.—The brig Harriet Ann, bound to this city, put into Lewes, Del., 13th instant, and reported speaking on the previous Friday the schooner Harriet Neal, also bound to this city from Para, entirely out of provisions, and that the crew had been subsisting fo the previous four days upon tallow. The schooner ar rived here safe and sound subsequently, but the captain sailed to report how this dainty Russian tare agreed with them. Tar SreamsuiP Ustoy, for Havre, sailed at noon yes- terday, with 29 passengers. The next steamer for Eu- rope will not be till the 27th, when the Pacific sails fo Liverpool. Dratus at Se:.—The ship Saxon, arrived at New Or- Jeans 9th instant, sailed from Havre with 66 passengers. On the passage, on the 224 of Ostober, Mrs. Anna M, Groton, the captain’s wife, of Concord, Mass., died of cholera, On the 27th of the same month the mate, Joshua Keller, of Portland, Me., died of the same dis- ease; and on the 6th of November, John Frenny, sea- moan, of St. John, N. B., died. Loss or THe SrzamEr Wa. Pexx.—Among the melan- choly wrecks in the Black Sea or vicinity during the late gale, was the steamer Wm. Penn. She sailed from this port Jast summer for the Mediterranean, and was chartered by the French government to transport troops and stores to the Crimea. She was last reported at Constantinople. The following extract of a letter from Constantinople, dated November 12, contains all the particulars that bave come to hand :— Intelligence has just arrived that the Jena, French line-of-bettle ship, is ashore off the Castle of Asia, in the Dardanelles, and that the William Penn, an Ameri. can steam transport, chartered by tne French, and full of troops, is also stranded, Of these events, however, you will probably have reveived the news by the las mail from Gallipoli. The W. P. was formerly a packet between Boston and Philadelphia, and was commanded by Captain John Codman, of Boston. She is supposed to have been lost in the Dardanelles. The election of d States Sbnator is made impera- ive upon the Legislature in Wisconsin, in the same man- r that it is in Pennsylvania, bya statute which fixes a articular day, the third Monday of January next pre- ceding the expiration of the term of the outgving fenator, the amount of about $25. As DISTRESS AMONG THE WORKING © OF WAGBE—WHAT I5 DOING POR THEIR RELISF We announced some weeks azo that the owners of Jarge foundries and shipyards in the upper part of city had discharged great numbers of their workmen, { cousequence of the hard times they are now e1 riencing. We have since learned that their exs has been followed by nearly all the large establishmen‘ in the city. The Novelty Works, the Works, the Bible and Tract houses, the Methodiat Concern, besides a great number of shops and 1 establishments, have dispensed with, on an a over half their workmen. It has been estimated that in the Eleventh ward there are over thousand mechanics out of pra and in the whole city there cannot es than seventeen thousand labouring men who ha’ no work, nor any prospect of work. To aggravate the di 8, employers have come to ry ge determination to reduce the com) 0 for labour, and thereby render it still more d: Ht fe those who have work to help those who have not. the meanwhile rents bave not diminished, though capacity to pay them has. Provisions ares ‘as our last week’s market report will show, nor is the: any reascnable proxpect of their becoming much ché in dew of these facts, and unless something is do th every probability that before the winter is 0 th intense suffering will prevail | gmong the poor] The pressure has already commenced, a8 the ran on savings banks proves, and the calls on public and privat charity were never so urgent as at present. To alleviat in some meesure the prevalent distress, a number o mtlemen in the Seventeenth have associated emselves together for the purpose of establishing sou} kitchens and provision depots for the poor, and thei peal will soon be made public, calling on the wealthy and charitable to givé of their abundance to so commenilab! an enterprise. A similar movement is on foot in th Eleventh ward, Larry be Poco that Aye year o an organization tor the purpose of su) ng] food teh poor will be established in every wartic h city. This is rendered the percenowney, by the ’ that the city alms house does not give food to the poor, y, however, are supplied with coal from that source; but this relief will not come before January. In additio to what we have already noticed, we understand that] the India rubber works in Brooklyn have discharged ovet thirteen huodred men, and that the dock yards of Brook. lyn, Williamsburg and Greenpoint present ry dif- ferent appearance from what they did last summer, as «ver two-thirds of the men have been discharged. Enum Ramaoap—Repvction or WaGEs—DissaTisFActioy ‘¥ Tie Mxy.—The Board of Directors of the New York| and Erie Railroad have decided to reduce the pay of most of their employes. Anorder to this effect was sent up! the road, and last night the laborers at Piermont refused o work at the reduced prices—S0 cents per day. It is posed that their example will find plenty of i road; andif the majority of the men strike, or any large number, it must be the means of much ind annoyance to the company, as are overrun, freight and are working shorter banded than they have ever done before. It is rumored that the mecha- nics in the company’s shops are to be included in the re- duction. It 1s by some of the fellows that a wiser move would be to cut down the: ident’s $10,000) & year a little, and some of the other high officers’ sa- laries. They gay it would be more manly to commence retrenchment and reform amongstthemselves first than. wage war against their hard workers’,bread and butter, if necessary to reduce. Horas Turer.—At six o’clock last evening, while most. of the boarders were at tea, a very smart looking young man—genteely clad and smoothly shaven—walked into the Howard Hotel, cornerof Broadway and Maiden lane, and was soon detgcted stealing an overcoat in the gen- tlemen’s parlor, belonging to Mr, Burchard, one of the boarders of the house. On being questiored by the police, he said that he lately left ase, where he is well krown, having been employed there as bar keeper in one of the saloons. Upon searching person, five or six pawn tickets were found, one shor that he had received $8 50 0n a coat, and others of ious amounts. for different articles. He told the old st of being drawn to it by want of work. Mr. Frost—the manager of the house—thinks he has seen him often before, and Jaid the trap to take him this time. Tanger Excursion.—The Tontine Guards, Capt. Egan, accompsnied by Robertson's Band, passed the Hxratp office yesterday,son their way to David Pollock’s, at Ho- boken. On arriving at their destination, they proceeded to shoot for thirteen prizes, after which they partook of] 8 bountiful dinner. Whatever question there might be as to the skill of the Tontine Guards in shooting, there can be no doubt of their ability to attack a dinner with fearful effect. Chickens, turkeys, &c., were literal- iy cut to ieces by their rapid and well directed fire, feast being concluded, Capt. Egan was called w for a speech, and he responded in # neat and appropriate ‘address, sr. Bowen also spoke, and passed a high com- jliment on the ‘Art preservative of all ”? of which. @ was proud to be a humble devotee. Guards— who are all printers—warmiy spolanded the eloquent tleman as he took his‘seat. The Guards returned to e city spe agt coheed with their excursion, and satisfied that, though New Jersey was out of the United Stat it was a good enough place for “a day’s shooting.” Fingry Tarp AVENUE.—Last evening, between six and seven o’clock, @ fire occurred in the dwelling apartment of Mr. Keyser, situated in a third story room in the brick building 505 Third avenue, corner of Thirty-sixth street, supposed to have originated from the stove. No one was on the premises when the fire was discoverei. Mr. Keyeer is insured for $400 on his furniture and clothing; loss about $200. The building is damaged to- Free in Torrreenta Stresr.—At six o'clock yesterday morning a fire broke out in the grocery store of Philip Fitepatrick, 39 West Thirteenth street. The family oc- cupying the room back of the store discovered the fire. « The alarm was given, and the firemen were soou on the sp extinguished it with but trifling damage. The building is insured in the Merchants” ce Com- pany. Masonic PREsENTATION.—The members of Lafayette Lodge, No. 64, of Fré& and Accepted be em my on day night an elegant watch to their Worshipful Master, Captain James M. Turner. The watch is the work of members of the lodge, and is # fine specimen of. American handicraft. Police Intelligence. . SELLING DISEASED MEAT. é ‘An article under this head appeared in the police in- telligence of the HeRatp on Saturday, 16th inst., ac- cusing me of selling diseased meat. I appeared at the | Jefferson Market to answer the charge; no one was pretent to complain of me but the vigilant officer Elder, y whom Iam said to have been arrested. I am ready to meet the charge, and court an investigation, I only beg leave to inform my friends that the charge is entire- ly unfounded, and will show at the trial, if the parties preferring the charge can be persuaded fo bring it on, that @ reputation for honest dealing, in Washington Market, of thirteen years standing, is still unimpeach- able, i would only add that Lresisted all efforts to in- duce me to settle the matter, preferring rather to meet the calumny than to pay to have it settled in that way. New York, Dec. 16, 1854. MOSES D. KIPP, The Tar*. LOUISIANA RACES, Metairie Covnsk, Tuesday, Lec. 5, 1854.—Jockey Club an $400—two mile heats. !. J. Well’s ch. c. Lecomte, by Boston, dam Reel by Glencoe—4 A. Lecomte & Co: ‘dam Eliza Mills by €eviathan—3 years old...... 3 A. L. Bingaman’s ch. g. Joe Blackburn, by Glen- ‘coe, dam by Frank—4 years old..... = First heat 11 Naval Seton avec The following is a list of the officers of the ship-of-war Falmouth, attached to the Heme squadron, She was to Jeave Norfolk, 14th inst., on a cruise:—Commander, ‘Thompson 7; Lieutenant, Samuel R. Knox; Purser, Francis B. Stockton; Second Lieutenant, Francia Winslow; Third Lieutenant, John Wilkinson? Ve 5 &. dg a8 ae ere, Abner Read; W, Broadhead: Passed 1, George E. Belknap; Midshipman, John Cain, Jr.; do,’ William @. Dozier; Ar ivn, Gunner leer tion Saar Oo a iver; Gunner, Jai 5 Hi se Winer; Sailmaker, John J. Stanford. "i Revizr or THs Poor 1 Newark, N. J.—A meet ing of the Board of of the Newar! eeagerss : H H #3 EB : iy 885 deied for the various visiters, and the journed’ to meet at the call of the Pre much seray cacnot be exerci ed LA sup: tendents and others in msking colle in to raize the $3,000 neceseaiy fo secure the pledged by one of our liberal citizens. T' pans on ebarity are eve day bevoming more im- portanate. Thousands of our mechanics have been. thrown cut of employment, and the poor are begia- ping to feel the rigor of the seaso2. weather hes already set in, and under the prsvail- . ing state of affairs great suffering must be expe- rienced, unless those who are blessed with aban- dance provide liberally for the more destitaz— Newark Advertiser, Dee. 12. Tue Scwenrcrapy Locomotive Worxs.— The , Trey Whig says the pi of the works have heen obliged to increase theit capital stosk $20,000, to carry them throngh the present hard times, They have also been obliged to discharge over one busdred men, and to recuce the working time of thore retaiced to three-quarters of a gay. wall Fe ze $88