The New York Herald Newspaper, November 1, 1854, Page 2

Affairs in Cube. citizen of the United States; also a lawyer named Miraa- OUR HAVANA CORRESPONDENCE. da, and a poor hum who kept a shop side the walls, fs the day of for all these Havana, Oct. 28, 1854. | Sof aeitels totes Nu ecrous Arrests of Parties on Suspicion of Having Shot Castenada—Rumored Assassination of Mendisabal and Belaquiz, Chief of Polico—Landing of More Slaves— Reorganization of the Potice—Formation of @ Munici- | pal Guard—Wreck of the Soberano—Review of Troops | ai dy the Captain General, de. ony. mandant Since the murder of Castaneda several arrests have | been shot b: At Port Principe too, I several arrests, whilat assassinations have been far from unfrequent. Mendizabal, the brother of the Spanish Minister of Finance, during the Espartero regency, who resided in the Vuelta Abajo, has, report saya, been shot, ho Lunderstand the Captain General denies having knowledge of the circumstance. The Com- de Armas at Port Prinefpe has also, I am told, an assassin. Robberies on the ord lead- deen made, but nothing has been elicited to determine | ing to the eof Calabasal some lng alles heneo, suspicion towards any individual as the perpetrator of | tic ‘crganization of the police has not proved as advanta- the crime. Tt is made a clear case that ‘nobody did it.”” | geous ax was potato mg ‘Two persons were taken from the Black Warrior, at the | * The Spanish ship-of-war Sovereign, which sailed hence moment of sailing, by especial order of the Captain Gen- | in the latter part of the month of August last, was dis- eral, but will soon be released, if they have not already | back to this island. he gale of September, and com to put erect of? In tempting to enter the port’ of been set at liberty, as they have proved, beyond the pos- | Guantanamo she was run ashore on Point Sotavento, and deal of water. 3, I believe, are ea- sibility of doubt, that at the time of the killing they wero | AIG & Arent eet ae afloat Prgeeh B ncn in a remote part of the city from the scene. Thesonof rent here t the cities of New York, Philadelphia, Gen. Narciso Lopes, who had been arrested, has been ro- | Boston and New Orleans are to be, visited by Leg 4 3 7 ix steamers and six from leaned, having established an alfbi. This will bo the re- fret of the seuangan 8 being ‘eutctas $0 teigiea: the sult with all who have been taken up by the government, | citizens of those eltien with the extent and power oftheir raon the island. So | navy, and of the smartness of r sailors, man 04 tepersen who did the decd has loft the fslauy | beaxty of thelr naval oliiners, aad the’ slapnoe Ot thet Say many persons who are presumed to know of these | toiforms. 1 trust these gentlemen wilh should they visit the United States, be received with marked courte- By, #0\a8 to let them realize the difference in the recep- tion of strangers by a really civilized People, and that exhibited by their own semi-savage officials. The Captain-General reviewed some four or five select- ed regiments on the evening of the 20th current. Al- though the men were clean and looked like soldiers, yet the attempts at manou them wasa most miserable f@lure. They marched in columns of companies, but when they were extended into line it was found impossi- ble to dress them parallel. Such shouting and scream. ing were never before heard. Aid-de-camp followed aid- de-camp, with their horses pacing at the top of their speed, hurrying from one part of the line to the other, Dut ail without avail, A letter S was described, rather than a straight line. | There was a company or ‘two of the nigger “Defenders of Cuba’ present, It was their frst field day, and the poor devils seemed scared out of their sensor if they possens any. General Concha may bea soldier, but he is one of the worst horsemen lers 1 have ever seen mounted. He rides with ex- tremely short stirrups, and depends solely upon these for retaining his seat in the idle. The slightest stum- ble of his horse would dismount him. The British brig-of-war Espeigle left this port the day after the date of my last letter, without her prize, the Gray Engle, it horing best discovered since the ‘mixed commission’? made its award, that that court has only jurisdiction over vessels under the Spanish flag, and the fiag h at the time of her capture not having any sion bas the power to authorize her being taken out of things, intimating the mode and time of the departure. | ‘The General Commissary, though badly hurt, is getting | better; the civil guards the same; but the officer in com- { Mand of the escort, who ordered the soldiers to charge | upon the people, has been arrested therefor. He wascer- | tainly doing his duty to resist violence, and I presume he not be punished for it, although he may be required to will show the justifying circumstances. This is the first time that any question has been eptertained here by the | superior authority as to the legal proprieties of the bayo- | net, and it makes our throats feel much more comforta- bile, with a sense, not disagreeable, that public sentiment is not to be girded in by this stecl picket-work, or probed by the lance. We bad reports, early in the week, of the assassina- tion of Mendizabal, at San Cristoval, who has been an ac- tive informer and denouncer, and waa the chief inatru- ament used for the apprehension and conviction of Gon- _ Ales, Cristo, and forty-three others, who were tried “by ‘the lot.’ This intelligence ig not confirmed. It is said that the Chief of Police at Puerto Principe, Belaquiz, ‘was killed on the 12th, at about theaame hear of ine Gay with Castaneda, while occupied with a game of bil- Vards; but I do not find confirmation from quarters | ‘that satisfy my mind that it is certainly true. I | , it is doubtful whether the Mixed Commis- these waters. have been informed that the public were so incensed Peter Hicks, of the Cronica office, correspondent at- by the honors volunteered by the government to the re- | New York of the Diario dela Marina'of this.city, is be- coming personal and impertiment. He concludes his letter of the 9th inst. as follows:— “Good bye, Messrs. Editors. If anything should happen previous to the departure of the steamer, I shall com- municate it fo you, without caring for the calumny of the correspondents of the Huratp, who are im 4 Pity is tt Peter Hicks cannot’ find later intelligence generally, with which to fill his letters, without raking up such old affairs as the St. Nicholas Hotel homicide! mains of the most infamous Castaneda, that they would | not permit them to rest in consecrated ground—that | they were abstracted the night of the 13th and deposit- €d among the filth gatherings of the city, near Cherera. Tlearn of three landings of Africans made upon the island since my last notice of this class of our moral transactions—two on tho south side, jurisdiction of Tri- However, in perfect good temper, I bid him beware. I nidad, andone on the north, between Sagua la Grand | shall, D. V., bein New York some of these days, and and Remedios. A Spanish achooner that brought slaves | may posstbiy astonish him with a vit, Q. B.S. M._ to the island, cleared from Cuba and arrived at enorth | 5 ton reading over this dD Pee Pave Fe eee Tee ner reach ee ae, And having omitted to announce to you the arrival a few days since One passenger. The other veasels, one Spanish (brig) and | in this harbor of the American schooner Peerless, which the other American, (batk,) were burned an soon asthe vessel has been eaplured by the Spaniards as a’slaver, Janding of their cargoes was consummated. These land- | yt is stated that a small catgo of Bosal n had, © ings have been effected at cbacure points, with the ut- | short time previous to her capture, been landed from mront secreny, and without the knowledge of any public her near Bahia Honda, but that the negroes were ar- officers, as far as I can ascertain. The numbers landed, rested after they were landed. P. a esorente calculation, must be about fourteen | re Sbalsaleets zie EE une . Black Pay of the United States Marines. last trp, ip per tag atergher dan igh ‘New Fuente The following circular is now being issued by the Act- under suspicion of connection with, or knowledge of | im Fourth Auditor of the Treasury,. A. J. O'Bannon, circumstances of importance in relaifon to the murder = St the United States, and has been for some fimeg sent, | approved August 6, 1654, provides.“ that the non-com” ent of New Orleans; and as he has proved that he was | missioned officers, musiclans, and privates of the United not near the scene of the transaction, but ina remote | States Marine Corps shall be entitled to and receive the part of the city at the time of the killing, he will un. SMe pay snd bounty for re-enlisting as are now, or Goubtedly be released ina few days, ‘Theseting consul | ™4y hereafter, be allowed to the non-commissioned él the United states has asked attention of the Captain et io stat? fo privates in the infantry of the there If nothing alleged Sontars Lin’ 2 Put at liberty if | “Ts extends the provisions of “An act to increase the The steamer Falcon, last trip, after having received PAY Of the rank and file of the army, and to encourage the sailing visit of the’ proper officer of the part, in the ¢Blistments,”” approved August 4, 1804, (10 Stat., 575,) lower part of the harbor, while under way, was seen to iD Fespect to pay, and of the 29th section of the act of take on board a porson from a boat whict came along. July 5, 1838, ay to bounty, (three months extra pay,) ide, supposed to be one of the hands left on shore. Tike for Te-enlisting, to the non-commissioned officers, musi- fact was reported to the Captain-General, and has been oou Net ebirtase ee Corps, from the date of sade the subject of @ communication to the consulate he Act, opr, talecios.sSaaaraiaatensdh Sianere sinistatae, tho. rehunas oF that’ eterna ee Prete OD | ‘and privates of the Marine Corps la; therefore, tnereased he late of “hited S| at the rate of four dollars per month. The retention of bo Ly consulate of the United States of the circular one dollar per month, however, from the pay of the mu- NESTORGea BE ahie es oe ly canes fo Shia ptO-'| Sits and privates of the Mating Corpay Aitectad iy the Sek OC pate Lele ee ee nt neat: | aot of, 2 Mereh, 2583, andextentel to" the winle wom See tenet novress the porta of Ouba Sail the!) CF tei: collstapea by the 5th section of the act of March In issue of the Diario de la Marina of the 17th, you bed gt Panes Be) beled Nar scoygget ee Oe ae Ee Ee ete nnn SE ONE! | ate to the neti, SOE hiss Reba ioe Be a Ores or, the Captain Genaraljidated the | ‘Er acharged. from lie’ sacyioe of the Cinises States; <eeaaetsdl ae, ea ame) ordees or the formation of « | Sali within one month thereafter, re-oallst, is entitied present “civil guard” both of ‘which iy sonenmmonting | to two dollars per month, in addition to the ordinary pay Same Journal is the wstal Scone ett, of the | of one dollar per month for each successive period of hve whicli comes clean from the censorial furnace, whereby Years) #0 long as he shall remain continuously in the rou will be duly admonished—the bards, softs, and Know ia pray aent ish who wan tha actwide ak the date'eh aa passage of the act, who had served one or more enlist- ments, and been honorably discharged, is entitled to the Above additional pay provided for a second enlistment, ihe act making appropriations for the naval service, Tesh ‘othings demolished—the honor of ‘“joily”’ England and France ‘protected—agrandisement of the country where he fieds, with his Sandwich, Soulé, Cora Montgomery, and Samana, perfected—asking permission, for which he des not wait, to murder all trath obnoxious in his hate, wih a sublime boost of the Right Rev. Brother Hughes towards Heaven, which I commend to your attention. The “ancient and honorable” Spanish ship of the line Soberano has found harbor and anchorage in the mud ks of Guantanamo, after having been distasted and swept at sea, drifting at the mercy of winds and ithout rudder or steerage rigging that could be ailable in heavy weather, tor about twenty days ‘we suppose, as we are yet without definite accounta, She left this port for Cadiz on the 26th or 27th of August, and our first intelligence of her was on the 19th inst., | ‘that she had almost worked her own way into the port named. She had the good luck to get away from Nelson at Trafalgar, and has followed with the prestige of good fortune ever since. This may be the last of her, but we hope not. Steamers hi been sent to render the date of the act. 4. Every marine, honorably discharged before the passage of the act, but who re-entered service within one month after his discharge, and subsequently to the date of the act, is entitled, from the date of such re- entry, to two dollars per month in addition to the ordi- nary pay of his grade. Psd able-bodied non-commiasionad officer or pri- soldier of the marine corps, who has re-enlisted the 5th of August, 1854, or who may horeafter re- nlist into the corps ‘ within two months before or one month after the expiration of his term of service,” is entitled to receive three months extra pay as ipa for like grades in the army by the 29th section of the act approved July 5th, 1838.—5 Stat., 260. e ‘three months’ extra pay” (bounty) thus al- lowed, together with the increase of $4 month, is in- va‘ any service or assistance that may be needed. The sol- | chided in the ordinary pay of the grade in which the ma- diers (discharged) that were on board, will be returned cluded in the y pay for ve onabenintion at this port. rine may be serving when discharged. 6. The allowance to marines at work on fortifications, in surveys, in cutting roads, and other constant labor, of not less than ten days, authorized by the act approved March 2d, 1819, entitled ‘‘ An act to fogul ite the pay of the army when employed on fatigue duty,” is increased twenty-five centa day for men employed as laborers and teamsters, and forty cents per day when employed The new collector for the port of Havana, Bonifacio Cootes, entered upon the duties of his office 18th inst. The office of Lieutenant of the King is dispensed with in our new military organization, and the person who held it at Havana, Brigadier General Ramacan, has been ordered to the command of the troops of the ‘istrict of for whol he Sepatted on the LIE teat Villa Clara, as. mechanics, at all stations east of the Rocky Moun- ‘The royal coach and horses of the Concha regalia wit tains, and thirty-Gve cente per day, respectively, when come off with the royal lottery of the 25th instant, for the men_are eniployed at st SyhiRey Or dplitis,”” Or ooen- fhe benefit of the poor and someone poorer devil, may- rutation therefor, is discontinued from and after August Ton erst Osea inspection and review of troops took 5th, 1854. data'ts baaS0s the Payrnaiton Siichdes |. The necessary ce on the afternoon of the 20th, which wan quite a , 7 wa slGenal say aud houate mienwl ta lsat spectacie, always excepting the black %orna- Sst apect ite tia ual b p dates oft aments”” in the rear of the column, with their white fered upon the transfer and pay rolls. | The dates of the officials, (pearls in jet sctting)—negroes, from twenty- (Ba Sages ‘oe enptratcd handsets terse eat ingpector, to that feck, mould accompany the fay handles of their officers. I have seen the | 2 cette eds pat Ba, batter drilled, andthe appoint: | typontawr- ARREST oF CouNTERrErTEns—For ments throughout the line were good. The Captain- = some months past the police of this city, and those of General appears (0,advantage on horseback, and he has Otter eities in the west, have had their attention direct- ed to the fact that a of counterfeiters were operat- ‘would cut off the Pezuela infliction upon the troops, iy % ing in the States of Ohio and Indiana, and on a very ¢: Dut I presume they will have to die out of service. Last | tensive seale. This gang, itis said, have their depots Dioramm ‘Roonss, which have, been. cloves for soverat | Ave different points in indians, at three diferent place , for the Benefit of the wounded at Madrid in the | Bear this city and in this State, and one depot wi a ive Gigs OF duvet tion tad barbedes. | few miles of Covington, in Kentucky. The police have been Isend you weekly commercial statements and fu’ files of papers to date, which will convey all the things NaDA MAS. ) there was a gang of counterfeiters hereabouts. Evenii that we presume to talk about, and before last Deputy Sheriff Gavitt and other officess of Madison, assisted by police offers Parker, Bloom, Carty and others of this c! surroun 1e col jouse of a Havana, Oct. 24, 1854. | Nan ‘named Boyd, in North Madison, Indiana, and ata An American Citizen Arrested on Buspicion of having | given signal they closed upon the premises and rushed Shot Castenada—History of the Afgfair—Numerous Ar- | oe eee. For : tag eg reg eat beige i e excitement one of the inmates made reste—Wreck of the Spanish Ship-of-War Sovereign— | CO.” Boyd and his wife, and another person whos Rumored Visit of a Spanish Fleet to American Ports— | name our informant had forgotten, were arrested and Doings of the Captain General—Arrival of the Ameri- | taken to jail. The premises were then searched, and fif- ean Schocner Peerless, Captured as a Slaver, de, teen hundred dollars in counterfeit money of different ions, and mostly on the Southern Bank o A citizen of the United States, named Augustine Mon- | Nentucky, were focad coheed: Hla sue tan to tano, who visited this his native land to ee his family, | counterfeit plates—$1's and $10’s—on the same bank, a under the recent amuesty, he-baving been engaged in press on which to print the counterfeit money, bogus ne of the unfortunate Lopes expeditions, who had ob- coin, (ten cent pieces and half dollars,) dics and tools of various kinds used in counterfeiting. The tained his passport to return to New Orleans, where he was employed as a watchman, and who was with one parties were taken before magistrate Gamaliel Taylor for examination. The fh wend bests See pevaeh we rt, in default of oot on the Indder of the Blnck Warrior on her last visit | Bo}tyihem in $2,000 att fe aioe Ot Veaterday the par to this port, was arrested and placed in jail (incomuni- ties were taken before a higher court, on a writ of habeas cado)—i. ¢., without any communication being permitted with him—under the pretended suspicion of his having been the assassin who, on the evening of the 13th inst., corpus. The application was being heard when our in- formant left Madison, but it was generally thought that the application would not be granted, and that the par- ties would be sent back to grtes . shot Juan Antonio Castenado at the posado of Marty y quite a stir in Madison, as there were but few persons in Bellon: that city who even suspected that the defendants would a, opposite the military parade ground, in the | her iy of such acts, It is expected that other arrests Calzada de Monte. Castenado was the man who arrested of a like character will be made at other points in o few the unfortunate Narciso Lopez, for which act he re- _ days.—Cincinnati Gazette, Oct. 28. ecived great praise and substantial reward from the Spanish government. He had been recently appointed a ‘captain of a partido by General Concha, and had in- | tended to have taken possession of his office on the day wpucceeding the evening on which he was shot. The @reoles have, ever since the execution of Lopes, enter- tained feelings of enmity towards Castenado, and so fearful was he of being attacked, that he had obtained special permission to carry arms, and wore a long dirk in hie belt at the very nioment he was shot. He was —We liave been permitted to make the following extract from a private letter:— MaRIon, ALABAMA, Oct. 16, 1854. Iam sorry to inform you, in this connection, of a ver: sad occurrence which took place here last Sunday night, about twelve o'clock, that is, the burning down of How- ard College. There ‘were sleeping at the time, in the third and fourth stories of the building, about twenty- six or twenty-eight young men and two negro men; all of whom wore required to jump from the windows, « dis- tance of from thirty to forty feet, to the ground below. playing billiards at the time he was sent to his last ac- | And, horrible to tell, twenty-two of the number were «count, and although the manner in which his life was | mangled in a frightfal manner, some more and some less. ‘taken cannot be justified, yet that he deserved his fate | Ihave just come in from a visit to them with my very fow men will be found willing to deny. heart sick, Somk of the boys are burned very badly, in To return, howover, to Montano—against him not cvon | addition to other injuries. Our town is in mourning, tho semblance of a just sus; mn can be entertained of | and looks gloomy en. I learned, a few momen his hay done the foul Every moment of his | since, that one of the black men was dead; he rushed time, fy previous to the evening on which Caste- | down through the fiames to the door. Two or three of | nado was ‘until the of his to the Black | the boys are expected to die, the rest will probably re- | cover, ‘There is, however, no knowing exactly the ex- tent of their injuries. we now think. The college building, with every thing in it, is in ruins. Nothing was saved, as I understand, It is supposed now that the building was set on fire, though Teansot at present believe it. Such a fiendish am told by a near relative of his, be sa- Tetcotery acetate for.” Our acting Consul, Colonel | with his , has been unable to render any subs! Denefe to the unfortunate young | me nere have been several other parties arrested on sus- allof whom, strange | act could scarcely be perpetrated by any one in this plcion of being gutly ors hare returaed to Gabe ander | community. The truth War ee luoen te stew dsys,t the recent amnesty. those arrested is a young suppose. man, the con of Baron Colin, who, I am told, ts alson | A poreript says another Las died What of the Oyster? ‘The Effect of the Maine Law on the Com- TO THE RDITOS OF THE NEW YORE MERALD. meretal and Agricultural Interests of the A hitherto wholesome food, of esteemed delicacy and State. | favor, is supposed to have been the immediate cause of | several violent cares of cholera that receatly terminated ‘TO THE KDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. | indeath. The oyster is generally considered a luxury, We have carefully compiled, without the slightest | and though it may be deemed an extravagast luxury | reference to party or factional political interests, a in some countries, the statistics of the trade in this | statement representing an extensive portion of the busi- city show that a plurality of millions in dollars is an- | 0665 interests of this State, which will be utterly crushed nually spent in its fishery and importation, with an _ by the probibitory law impending over us all, by the equal or greater amount in the profit and the prepara- | ¢lection of Clark, which we think deserving of the atten- tion for retail consumption—evincing its general use,as _ tion of every manin the community. Holding, like the an article of diet, by a very large number of persons. *Pirit of Justice herself, am impartial balance on this The deaths traceable to the oyster are said to be few in 1Uestion, we present the following unquestionable facts, BUSINESS AND F ROHIBITION. viz, two dollars per month for the Orst five years from | | actively on the alert ever since the first intimation that | The ll. The arrest has created | Tas Caramiry at Howarp Con.iram, ALABAMA. | I trust all things are beiter than | number, though distinctly marked by sudden and violent attacks on subjects in robust health, as well as on those previously enfeebled by diarrhoea and kindred disease of the bowels. The symptoms are said to evince poison in the stomach, introduced by the oyster, or in some ‘way generated by the oyster before or after it was eaten. The charge varies a little from different sources, but on the whole it is sufficiently explicit, and of ample importance, to justify the most careful investigation. In the wide field of known science there is a lamentable | deficiency in all that relates to life and health, Certain articles of food in certain quantities are known to aus- | tain life in a healthy condition, while the same articles | in larger quantities, or the same quantities at other | times, with perhaps a change in atmosphere, will cause disease and death, not always violent, though at times marked with symptoms peculiar to the action of known poisons. Lobsters and crabs, as articles of food, are well known, at different times and in different quantities, to | be both wholesome and virulent poisons; not s chemi- cally defined poison, not a poison that chemistry can reach or explain, but a poison nevertheless that causes @ violent attack and speedy death. May not poisons be wholesome food? A parodox in allopathy; and though seemingly untrue, the highest anthority, “United States Dispensatory,”’ gives arsenic, corrosive sublimate, and other virulent poisons, as indis- pensable articles in the Hst of medicines for maintaining health. Large doses of arsenic are con- ceded to unwholesome, irritant poisons, and are, therefore, proscribed, while small doses are recommend- ed as wholesome and beneficial. May not lobster, crab, oyster, turtle soup, and roast be under the head of potsons tm large doese, Though me, nutritrous and beneficial in small doses, at suitable hours and times? The ultimate analysis would show to the chemist in each of those articles, nitrogen, carbon, with traces, perhaps, of e, iodine, and phosphate of lime—nothing more—no poison in either case; and yot many persons have felt the poisonous effects of each and all those articles in large doses. Si from dyspepsia for more than twenty years, we have, from prudent ne- cessity, particularly observed the poisonous effect of all shone substances on our system, and during that period { ve not dared to eat at any one meal more than half an ounce of beter or crab, six spoonsful of turtle soup, one dozen small oysters, or three ounces of roast turkey. The oysters continue to be an almost daily article of our food, with no perceptible change in the effect, always preferri them raw, never eating one after six o'clock P.M from past experience should expect, as course, that one dozen fried, at a ten P.'M. supper would cause nightmare, cholera, wind colic, or some similar isonous attack of the stomach, before sunrise the fol- jowing moi Chemical; oyster is the same whether poor or fat, fresh or stale, so long as itis not tainted; but un- der the microscope we see st changes occurring in a | few hours after removing the shell, and before there is | any indication of taint or decomposition. Having pro- | cured sj eer is pty ani on the East river, | from es bay and York bay, we spent several evenings the past weck in microscopical exami- nations of the several kinds, at dif hours of progress from the first opening to a state of approxi- mate taint. The observations, without affording any facts that directly elucidate the question of wholesome | or poisonous food, may lead to reflection, conjecture and hypothesis on the question of quantity, small or large, being at all times both wholesome and poisonous. For the information of those who may desire to observe for themselves, we beg to say that our own observations were made with a Chevallier ae the objects | placed on a sheet of thin mica about half the thickness | of writing paper, and a Hight from sperm oil ina solar lamp. The upper or flat shell only was removed, leay- | ing the concave shell to hold the oyster and retain as | far as possible the aqueous matter that always accom- panies the healthy oyster: each shell may be labelled, and a dozen specimens placed on a dinner plate to retain the overflow or leaking water of organization commingled in one mass, and affording some of the most interesting microscopic views. The one-fourth or one-sixth part of a drop is the most convenient quantity, Transferred from the oyster to the mica on the point of a penknife, it may be easily spread over a surface equal to one-sixteenth or one-eighth part of an inch, affording a more free pas- sage for the light, and preventing the escape of an ant- mal on which the sight is directed, toa great depth be- yond the focus of vision, Immediately on openiiig the oyster all the aqueous mater surrounding or contained in the cellular tissue is seen toswarm with animal life—the predominating va- riety has an oval form, globose, a latitudinal line dividing it into half black and half pellucid. Again, it assumes the appearance of a black disk with a pellucid centre, by turning longitudinally with back or side to the observer. These apparently contradictory phases may be reconciled by supposing an ecg with Lalt the shell removed and the remaining half shell colored black. Now, if is pellucid, and the half shell it must appear in one view and balf black; but, by turning the apex convex shell towards the eye, more light will pass ih the centre, while the outer edges constantly oppreaching the line of vertical wall, almost in the line ot vision, approximately excluding {he light, and assu- m ng the form of a cirevlar disk. ‘This change of phase is 80 {requent that we donbtinys ik, Is the dark part the top, the bottom or the sides? The motion is rather quick, though seldom more than five or six of its own diameter in one direction, when it suddenly turns to pursne another course; indeed, they are so crowded that it is difficult to find a straight line of more than five diameters throught the organic mass. Each drop of aqueous mat- ter contains about four hundred thousand of this species. A good sized oyster contains about one fiuid ounce of this matter, aud allowing the ounce to contain the same number of drops as distilled water, 360, or 45 to the fluid drachm, this would give one hundred and forty-four mil- lions of this species inhabiting one oyster. Their organs of locomotion cannot be seen with Chevallier’s hi it power; though some facts seem to show that their or- gans are either a half or one diameter long. Two and sometimes three are a easeney, ached pai at | about one diameter distant, wrestling and revolving in every direction, with motion and a) ice of the chain shot. If we suppose the iched to an adversa- .Fy’s body, then they must be one diameter long; but if in the form of hooks or hands Cer oa to cach alway, then a length of half diamoter will explain the appeat- ance. This 8] in numbers and size have not mate- rially chi in twenty-four or forty-eight hours. peed a | the egg proper opaque, weld are rendered torpid fora few minutes by half their bul of alcohol, or the same amount of acid, wl quantity equal to their bulk seems to kill them. They are also killed by a small quantity of ammonia. At the end of twenty-four hours a few Pacmag eels appear in the mass, pellucid and about twenty | ters long, with a lively and brisk motion. 8 class, somewhat numerous, in form of 3 28s, Pella in size equal to twenty of’ the first and motions similar to the dock rat 5 food. This» at ht hours has doubled in size, and without see- organs of locomotion, it is difficult to resist the | idea of hungry rats fighting for fragments of food. One- fourth part of a drop if spread and allowed to dry on the edges, will drive three or four hundred of t! the whole field of vision, into the deep water in cen- tre, where, with hurried motion; against each other, they seem frantic with desire to escape. ‘The most formidable sight is at the end of bate Sen the fossil trilobite in hours, when @ species resembling | form, dark colored, with two large black eyes; the eye alone is as large as three of the first described ‘sntmals. motion is slow and easy, the body flexible and bend- | ing to its course. One of thix species in length filled the entire field of vision, the breadth about three | fourths filled; he was aground in the deepest water ; by | a fringe of complicated ns arou! the mouth, which resembles that of the dovil fish, he ki upa rapid current into his mouth and thence out atthe gills and passing, down on both sides; the number of insects involved in the current was at no time less than fifty thousand. He resisted small quantities of acetic decoction of boneset and alcohol, but gave over to a dose of ammonia. At the end of forty-eight hours, thore appears a to- lerably numerous tribe, resembling the inverted part of a corkscrew, not flexible like the eel, but moving quick- ly by revolving in the character of 'a screw. A species in all rer ts aimilarin form and locomotion, thor about half the we have years ago observed in water where algae have died and decomposed for ten or twelve days. At forty-eight hours there is also the apparent fragmenta of and apparently of incipient growth. On the first fe ae of the oyster there were several ii lividuals in the form of a weaver’s shuttle classed as animalcules by the general writer, but which we have beep ema) with ample means for investigation, believed to be the spores or young of viviparous algae. In all stages since first opening the oyster, there is occasional- ly seen a frame work resembling the hone; ib, with adrangular instead of hexagonal cells, identical with that found after digest bg guano in mauriatio acid, and n scales. which some Euroy have supposed to be the frame work of fi Before we can decide by chemistry or the microscope whether the oyster is wholesome or inom, we should inquire what link in the chain of exiat- | ence these bo amd occupy, and what are their functio: al powers on our own compli- Sti ineip it “on eae "to turit; Are of life the ine! iplen er Tai they the food thas beet teeny and caged by the cunning oyster, the stock fish pond or deer | park, for future consumy ? May nota few hundred | millions of them at one ina man’s stomach produce | a salotary strife and action of our digestive See, and finally succumb to our superior while a few thousand millions at one time tive organs, and declare own experience leads to the affirmative of last pro- position, as we find six Pe prea Bay one fluid ounce, equal to eight hundred sixty-four millions of the first dese: a both wholesome and salutary at | the ; while two dozen oysters—equal to 3.456 millions by the same computation—we find at all | times too powerful for our it efforts of digestion ee fe may resume the et ject. j St. Joseph, Mo., on the 24th inst., in | charge of the committee appointed by acting Gov. Cum- | ing, to accompany them to South Carolina, This com- | Greene, jo; James H. Doy! an 12 Jones, of South Carolina," k ee Rit eee oe as worthy of the profound consideration of every voter in the State. In relation to the single question of the comparative amount of embarrassment and ruin which it would in- evitably entail upon an important branch of the agricul- tural interest of this State, we beg to present some brief but conclusive statistics, which we have obtained, by of- ficial transcript, from the last census of this State, but lately published, in the census office at Wasi 4 From authentic source of evidence, it appears that the amount of produced and used in the State of New York, for brew: and distilling, for the year ending on June Ist, 1850, is as follows :— Barley 2,052,250 Rye. 087 Oats». 6,107 Corn... Total amount of grains... —Making a total of four millions ty-five thousand two hundred these four kinds of grain, that would be thrown upon the hands of the farmer, together with the land and capital, laborers and implements, now employed in pro- ucing'them, were the proposed destructive law to re- main in force but one year. | . The 2,062,260 bushels of barley thus thrown into dis- use constitutes a large portion of the whole barley crop of the State; thus showing that very little of this grain in used for any other purpore, in this State, than the manufacture of the beverages which the bill now pro- posed would entirely prohibit. If wo make an estimate of the value of the respective amounts of these four kinds of grain produced and used in this State, for this urpore, according to. their present average value per ushel In the New York price current, we have for the Barle 062,250 bushels, at $1,567,310 06" do. + 681,809 4,625,290 undred and twen- nd_ninety bushels of 76 cents. 067 a 15 cents. 6,707 do. 40 cents... 2,682 1,647,266 = do. 65 cents..., 1,070,722 Total value of grains.............+..4++.83822,514 To this must be added the value of the hop erop of this State, or rather that portion of it which is used in the State'in themanufacture of ale. This portion of it, ac- cording to the unpublished census of 1850, and certified | tous, like all the above data, by the Superintendent of the Census at Washington, is 581 tons, $40 | pounds, which, at thirty cents per pound, is $303,432. Adding’ this sum, therefore, to the above value of grain, we have the sum of three million seven hundred and ff. teen thousand mine hundred and forty-six dollars as the amount of money which would be taken from the pockets of the agriculturists alone, of this State, every year, by the enactment of this most fanatical ‘and despotic law. In the barley crop of the State, thus principally a | priated to brewing, and for which there is ina probabhiity | of a demand for any other mode of consumption, almoat } every county in the State is interested, there being but three counties in which it is not produced. The thirteen counties—Albany, Cayuga, Genesee, Herkimer, Jefferson ‘The Silver Mince of Mexico—Securtty of Such Investments—Reply to “Crocket.” ‘TO THE EDITOR OF THE WEW YORK BERALD. wholly security with which investments mines, may be seen in what follows: He asserts that theré is no security. With great respect, I assert the contrary—for, of all the interests, (in the language of one whose personal experience has been great, and who has thoroughly examined thia whole subject,) in which capital can be employed in Mexico, mining is the most secure. I omit, for the sake of brevity, to show from our author how mining titles are secured, and will merely state the process to be as simple as it is safe and perma- pent, and proceed to state, on the highest authority, that there has been no one instance, since the conquest, of an attempt having been made by the government to interfere with the mode of working adopted by in- dividuals, or to diminish the profits of the successful ad- venturer, by exacting, under any plea or pretence, from the more fortunate a higher rate of duties than that which was payable by the poorest miner to the treasury. By this judicious liberality, says our author, and good faith, the fullest scope was given for private exer- tion; and this, in a country where mineral trea- sures are so abundant, was soon found to be all that was requisite in crder to insure their produc- tion to a great extent. I will now add, in the language of a competent writers—‘There is a stern neeessity for this—tor melancholy indeed would be the the condition of Mexico, if this great interest were in: eure. She could find no substitute for her mines, in her fo- reign trade, of what they furnish the great sta; ver. Her agriculture would be confined to such supply of. the necessaries of life, as cach individual could have it in his power to raise. Districts, probably the richest in the known world, would be thrown forever out of cultivation; the great mining towns would become what they were during the revolution—the picture of desolation. Tho markets of the table land must be home markets, and there the mines can alone supply. The government and the people know these things, and they know further, that they have never expe: any inconvenience—on the contrary, immense benefits, from foreign capital and foreigners engaged in working the mines, while the im- mediate advantages conferred on the surrounding dis- tricts renders it both desirable and popular with the local authorities. Exempt beyond all other pursuits from tax- ation, mining su are admitted free of duty—favor- ed and protected in so many ways, under the special mining code, beyond what is known under the lawa of any other country, that the owners of a mine once uncer way, could desire no change. The miners are ex- empt by law from military duty. Tsubmit the foregoing, in answer to ‘ Crocket’s”” po- sition, viz:—That ‘no one would invest hes ons or even his own personal industry, in a country w! ‘the gov- ernment of that country not only, aes capital in- itm Got the nightest provectiod tn person er property > im 8] in or 2 How so intel it a writer as cOrocket?? Ponta neve thus written is a . What! ‘no one would Does he not invest erpital!”” know that a portion Of the inloos of Zacatoogs, ae. wall an ciber dlis- tricts, are owned and worked by {c rst Does he not know that the Anglo-Mexican Company, at this time under the direction of Dr. Williamson, commenced with a capital of one million pounds sterling, and ac- tually invested in the States—Guanajuato, Mexico, Queretaro, fan Luis Potosi, and one otler—about eight Livingston, json, Montgomery, Onondaga, Ontario Otsego, Schenectady and Schoharieo—annu: produce | 1srkaer bushels, worth one million four hundred and | forty-four thousand five hundred and seventy-nine dol- | lars, independently of the value of their rye and hops | used ia the process of distillation of the drinks prohibited barley and ae alone, produced and consumed in this | State, for this purpose exclusively, amounts to consider- | ably more than one-half of the united value of the wholo ee of these two grains grown shout the State. ‘The whole barley crop of the State of Maine is much | less than that of our single county of Onondaga. The cultivation of barley in this State is found to be | its safest and most profitable farming interest. This has | been verified oy an observant ex} ice of more than | thirty years. It yields a crop, of which the farmers of | this State may boast as one peouliarly their own, for it is one which fails, in the course of a few years, in almost every other State in the Union, while here it is both in increased productiveness and demand. In illustration of this fact, it may be pertinent to the objects of this statement to mention that while the quantity of ale brewod in this State, according tothe | census of 1840, was but 6,059,122 gallons,it now amounts, according to the census of 1850, to 20,630,400 gallons, | being an astonishing increase of fourteen millions five | hundred and seventy-one thousand two hundred and | seventy-eight gallons, within ten years; and proving, | not merely an increased consumption of this nutritious and healthful beverage, by the people of this State, but | a large export trade with other States, highly lucrative | to our own. Indeed, the ales of New York are rapidly | acquiring a pre-eminent reputation in almost every other | State of the Union, and proportionately diminishing the foreign imports of malt Kquor. ‘There is, moreover, perfectly conclusive evidence that the greatly increased’ consumption of ale in this State, and in the country generally, is the means of diminish: | ing that of distilled liquors, in the same ratio, notwith- standing the vast increase of our population. Accord- ing to the census of 1840, the quantity of whiskey dis- tilled in this State was 11,973,815 gallons, Aesciiio to the census of 1850 that quantity is-reduced to 9,231,700 gallons, being a decrease amounting to two milllons reven hundred and forty-two thousand one hundred and fifteen gallons in ten years. The increased use Of malt liquors, as compared with spirituous, is farther provod by a’ factof peculiar in- | terest to th: tity of hops used in this State in 1840, was but | 447,260 pounds, it amounted, according to ‘the census of 1860, to, 1,311,440 pounds, as before stated—being an | inerease in the use of hops in this State of eight hundred | and sixty-two thousand one hundred and ninety pounds, | corresponding with the increased manufacture of ale.’ | Upon the extent to which other branches of our agri- | cultural interests would be sacrificed by this law, we have no data by which we can precisely deter- t. | But that the interest, which is a source of in- | come from forest lands, otherwise comparatively un- profitable, would be seriously impaired by this law, ad- mita of no doubt, as many of our breweries alone have each a capital of more than fifty thousand dollars invest- edin this of their business, independently of their demand for wood as fuel. The amount of wine made in this State, chiefly from | garden vines and berries, but little exceeds eight thou- sand gallons, although the cider from our orchards | amounts to Several hundred thousand gallons. The loss | upon the sale of these peculiarly domestic products, might not be considered an important item as in the | otherwise enormous account which our farmers have to allege against this law; but the absolute interdict which | i the most private and sale fine and imprisonment which rd ‘attaches to } made articles of barter, or being ‘furnished under the | pretence of giving,’’ ther with the universal spy | system which it establishes over them, and of which any | fanatical total abstinent may become degrading Pomtiger ont more amount of pecuniary loss. Upon the sudden ruin and irreparable loss which would | inevitably fall upon the domestic manufacture and sale of | pore adequat Mattos to present. Thee it road we have no adequate : ‘4 yolves one of the mam interests in the ier io station’ beepuiont aitilloten eoopenien: | joures, hop i, » | glass manuiactorien, other buildings, is evi- | lent and undeniable; but the interest is too extensive | and various, and too werectees f blended with many others, to be accurately calculated until the full census retupns of the State can be obtained. The immediate Josa to this int in the two cities of New York and Brooklyn, is estimated at thiriy millions of dollars: but although we consider this amount very uate, we ” that is not Wrdetiy derived frome hall not vouch for ay pre Ee and official returns of the census, not yet ‘The consideration of property, however, and of the pecuniary interests of our agricuturalists, manufactu- rera, and tradesmen, is one which the fanatics of this fact.on regard with supreme indifference. In the lan- guage of a publication, from @ similar squrce, ‘The plea for property is idle, and unworthy of a moment’s regard.’ And we ourselves admit it to be ao, in compa- rison with the political, social, and moral tion which this odiously and wantonly t; nic law would inflict upon a free . But we have not thought { i Foper to forget that this universal degradation is, at the same time, accompanied by an incalculable amount o Tecuniary oppression, almost as universal as its insepa rable concgnitant. In reply to this, however, it is profoundly said tha the people would be repaid for all their pecuniary losses, in being restricted to the use of cold water as IO bed and it is, no doubt, true that they might be still fu: ta enriched by an additional clause in the bill, restricting their now expensive clothing to the undressed skins o erst = hoe themselves be samo . But it neve! pena, ne, impressed upon our minds that such matters of taste should be left to indi- vidual choice and discretion. | } | | | | Tt is in t consonance with such arguments as the al that the fanatics advance the novel republi- can doctrine that the amount of opposition which may be ited by petit ition, remonstrance, or ot! 4 to the enactment of this law, should be adopted as its it recommendation, and the only true criterion stronges of its value. That such an argument is eminently con- venient to its advocates we have no doubt; because, without any further effort on their part, it is one which will augment in force as long as the threatened law im- pends over the rights and liberties of the people. a phe not been an a Ri . oppo- sition to this law unprecedented in logis- lation, can de ascribed only to an almost ‘aniversal in- credulity as to the possibility of its enactment, and to an equally general determination to treat it with con- semipt rer g scorn, in return for the similar sentiments towards the le of this State, which it elaborately embodies and displays. That it is the greatest and most wantonly fanatical oie y personal rights ever attempted in the world, is evident to every and is not formally penx) even by its most strenuous advo- cates, That it would be prodnetive of the they —— to believe, none but themselves ment fom sim while the evils resulting from the deter- Tat ulation sete. ot we nical pres never fail to far ini acts of ‘be as inevitable as As the first authorise doubt not that the public it under foot with i cal advocates to ai ‘ped! . Tn the law bas ever been successful, even in the most servile nations, z by the proposed law. Indeed, the united value of the | Pe is hop-growing State—that whereas the quan- | % gribvou thew any | inet | D. Geeretette, Edward Clement’ hundred thousand pounds sterling? Was not this “‘in- vesting capfal in that country?” And did not the com- pany, take with it their ‘ industry?” And would his have been done if, on arriving there with their im- mense capital, they were to be choked with taxation, aband by tht government, and left a prey to rob- and assassins? Your corres; it “Crocket”? may belabor te his heart’s content ‘‘the lazy priests and friars,’’ and make as much of a bugbear as he may choose of the ‘union of Church and State’ in Mexico, and tell of the assassina- tions that eccur there—(by the way, he cannot have id much attention to the extent of the same kind of usiness which is carried on in. our midst, since, if rob- bery and murder area good reason for kee; out of Mexico, the same reason would prevent people from coming to New York)—but he must not presume so far a gepenartned intelligence of our peo) to ink they can be made to believe that there Be. curity for investments in the mines of Mexico. Mexico, if left alone, will regenerate herself; and the frequent upheaving of her population, and the t over, and tu: ‘out, of successive dynasties, is prooi of it: No matter, meantime, what your correspondent may think of Mexico, she is not so insensible to her highest interests and so suicidal in her propensities, as to stop the current of her life’s blood; pluck out ‘her eyes, or cut off her hands, One other thought and I have done, for the present, at least. I give it here, as well because it la applicable to the question I am writing about, as because f hear it «! ‘most ever: “jeopardize investments in mininz a8 no ry day:— “Why, Tam asked, in Mexico? Do you not see that revolution is the order of the day there? No sooner is one chief elevated than the party of another seeks to pull him down.”? And what ot thatt'I ask. Does not the existing power need tho revenue from the mines? It were the height of folly to sup- pore the party in power would strike down these inter- +t, or stop the current of the mines from flowing indi- ectly into the treasury. And do not the insurgents know that if they succeed, this same supply from the mines will be needed by the country? Thus are the mining operations doubly prearciet. Tmust beg leave, Mr. Editor, in not over half col- umn of your paper, if as much, on another occasion, to introduce an interpretation of the Ordenanza de Mineria addressed to one of our distinguished citizens, and ap- proved by the Mexican Minister. Our citizens, or such ff them ‘as a be desirous of uniting themselves or their capital with the mining interests of Mexico, can bed see where their responsibility begins and where it ends, If your torrespondent “Crocket,”’ should be disposed to reiterate his assertion that there is no security in in- vestments made in the mining operations of ‘ico, I | shall expect of his candor that he will name only a sin- gle inatance in proof of the insecurity of the en tad rests of that country. AMERICANUS. ‘The Collins Steamers and the London Press. Bay oy New York, Oct. 30, 1854. To Cartan E. Nz, U. S. Steamer Pacific:— DmaR kanes iguel pan the termination of our ‘voyage, the unders deny themselves. the gratites in sie Pano Pacific cannot in ere they take leave of you, their sincere thanks. Through- out our than beret A tempestuous age, we bave ‘constant occasion to feel how much we have deen indebted to your unwearied attention, vigilance and care, in the noble vessel that has borne us so awift- your skilful ly and safely acrosn the Atlantic under guidance. Nor have we ceared to feel at moment of the voyage, with what reac A we bea Figg emergency, on your promptness, resources We thal ‘a0 always Bratefally remember the many Tein rempectfully bidding: you atlen, we bag you 10 De a yu, We your obliged s daengers ‘and constant well Gilpin, Penn. ; John Bellinger, M. D.; 3. M. Wa Budiey itasns O. Joy Browne, Wash: Mra. 'D. .; Alfred 8. ana; Wm. farnum; A. Mittenber- hia; ‘Wm. Z. Curtis,’ New York; C: Philadelphia; Samuel iow } Soruel P. Duncan, La.; Hicks, New Wi York 7 er, New Emit if. Bie- New York; Board the Pacific, unanimously and from an layed by Gaptata Ngo awe are just termi- kilful nat ator and careful believe Cap been furnished intered, aud othorwise, never had 1'Pacit perfectly otcered throughouty it 7 Partootly ofoere worthy of him. as ved, That wo bave read with utter a1 a a buycke, 'R. L. Schi HB. Goodyear, wa , Jackson, Jr., New Orleans : a meeting @ passengers on the follow: resolutions were passed *TReclved te og in separating, refrain S of eer enquall sdhratlon'of the d unremitting vigilance 1g the tempestuous passage wi otsived, That, as a energetic comm: dence with whieh we terrife gal superior as a.com ond American posit sm ved, That the British public; in view of the «f English steamers which have been lost in one way or ano- ther—we will not say by carelecs, incompetent command. ¢re—would be mean toa degradi to humanity, if er gos of pd in ng in opinion and views ut- re ¢ journals referred to, ‘ifat while the citizens of the United States make Resolved, the history’ of their commercial macisons, marine which of their com: Doe wl now taoves about one-half the produce of the world from Port to port—leaves them nothing to apprehend from rival while they will arsuredly never endeavor to make natio: capital out of casualties, however sad, or by whatever negli- gence occurring, which’ may befall nations who aspire to on the high sens. |, That our estimate of line of steamers is L made through such agencies as Sem t cas atom: London Het. to ii pale its character, and that we are anxious to sée it triumphantly sus by Our countrymen, as a mational enterprise of tho first importance, since upon ite ruins 1 ‘American mail and pases ‘menopoly, two be eres valded b: a government to the amount of per seoee were © bly tna exalted, to the in- jand sbame of 0 country. bi FOUN BELLINGER, M. D., Sout lina, Chairman. 8. M. Davie, Louisiana, Secretary. Laxoz Frovarna Mitt Boaxep 1 8r. Lovrs.— On Yesterday morning a fire was discovered iu the large h Powell, situated flouring mill to Mr. J near the corner of Eighth and St. Charles streets. This iu with the particular locality where the fire was first discovered, leaves no doubt but that it was the work of an incendiary. The lous of this magni- ficent establishment will fall heavily upon Mr. Powell. It was probably the largest one in the city, builtata cont of about thirty thousand dollars, inela hin ery, and was 10 be, externally, fire-proof. building, with almost its entire conten ‘consa: There were about 4,500 bushels of whect in wore oad about 700 barrels of flour, allof which waa with the exception of about 150 Barrels of the latter article. Mr. Powell had insurance on the bul and stock to the amount of $21,000, viz.; on the y $6,000 in the Home Mutual of ‘this city; $6,000 im 1 Home Mutual Insurance Company of ha ; the Firemen’s Yvan Ne fon, 8. C. san jureDce On in the Floating Desk Company of thin elty. whole Mr. Powell's loss Ley A be estimated $20,000, RY a the: mid, Wy exactly the same site, was burned. four aye to the very ught.--9t, Louge Repudlioan, of 85, Upon at about with this ‘Mr. Powell's ‘The Difficulty Between the Shipmasters and the United States Minister at Lima. REPLY TO THE LETTER OF HON. J. B. OLAY. New Yorx, Oct. 30, 1864. ‘TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. Smm—In your paper of this morning, I notice an article over the signature of J. Randolph Clay, United States Miniater at Lima, Peru, wherein he says, (referring to my letter, published in the Henaup of the 19th of Au- gust last, in answer to on? from him, which appeared in “the Hmzatp of the 16th of the same month,) ‘‘Now, Mr. Editor, I shall not notice Captain Beatty’s frivolous im- putations, farther than to refer you and the public to the following copies of letters received from the Ameei- can shipmasters, at the Chincha Islands, which you will oblige me by giving # place in your columns. The John Baring was at the Islands at the time the letters were addressed to me, and if Capt. Beatty did not agree te their contents, it is evident he was in a very small mi- nority.’” s Now, Mr. Editor, I shall not notice the Hon. J. Rea- dolph Clay’s frivolous imputations farther than is neces- I do not wish to embroil myself in a diplomatic war with him. I had quite enough of him during the Pelican war, and y is not my forte. My is ance: man’s. But there are two very essential points in all: ‘matic correspondence, which should not be lost 8 and they are facts and dates—both of which,I am to say, Mr. Clay is not particular about. On’ the im. < August, 1 there were lying at the Chincha forty-five of American vessels, two of the masters of which were up at Callao, leaving forty-three at the Thirty-five of the forty- went on board that day, and were run overboard at yonet. Four of the thirty-five were appointed that afternoon to go to Lima as a committee ta wait on Mr. Clay, who, onthe day of the arrival of the committee at Lima, had received his from Warhington, which rose him from Charge d’Affairs to Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extrao: of the United States of America. On the committee them kindly; and for tha‘ to the islands—they drew. iy signed by the shij and for what? For not letter of thanks, them kicked out of the chambers of their re when they came to ti grievances before him. When the letter was read to a few of us, it 4) Lod ridiculous that it was about being al ;, but twe of the committee signed it, viz. jack and Baraham, und it was then sent around among the fleet for signa- turea, and ived thirteen more out of the thirty-five— making fifteen of the shipmas' fers who were present that Le laid until an earthquake swallowed it, if accident, rhosity, had ‘not brought # tohamd. So much they for Mr. Clay’s correspondence, on these islands. letter was read in nce of several of us, when some one proposed another letter of thanks to our pei minister. The commandant was still in power withstanding the asdurance from Mr. t be immediately removed. This letter o the it measures which our minister obti for the second outrage commit the attack bogs faye McCerran, and the ship Defiance. took place on the. 2d of after the guard ship assault, ‘McC. was kept in irons on her deck seven. da the most barbarous treatment from the still 1, of Mr. Clay's letter in to-day’s paj of allthe American shipmasters, and some beg of Mr. Clay to accopt our grateful acknow! —and for what—for not having the power to removes drunken, drivelling old tyrant from annoying a ny of respectable shipmasters, who were i $ Ae hal i employed in loading their ships. |1 was one of all auipmnastere com) that meeting, which, as I have took place nday, a pay when hea master here is mds to kill time, eo ing was organ iz © minutes read before thirteem American and t glish ship masters, out of a fleet of eyenty sail, So ouch for all the shineaaiees: be] | point Mr. Clay meant to gain in his letter of to-day. cannot conceive. He stigmatized the meeting we held at the Astor House on the 13th of February as an nation meeting, got up for the purpose of removing from his present post. jose who composed that ing were all his letter of thanks men, except viz. :—Capts. Penhallow, Fabens, Smith, Ellery, and Ruggles, first officer of ship Red Rover, who this drunken, tyrannical scoundrel had put in irons on board his ship, for attempting to carry out one of his (the mandant’s) own laws, viz. : not to allow any liquor to Dronght on board an American ship, except by commandant’s) own agents; and in this meeti t r to the best measures to lay our before the Secretary of State at Washi i shaw of Three Tails finds it to his advan! tocall am indignation meeting, called together to concoct some sehemo to have him removed from his present high office. Verily, the honorable gentleman must stand ona very thaky foundation if such a meeting will have the ten- dency to remove him Office. ‘The article from Mr. Clay in your paper of August 16, under date from Li May 11, called for an ex; answer, which I gavels your” roof the ther a Un gate ¥ at; before mo, in your paper of Sas’ for the “above, which’ ty. Frnlitig yom lh greatly oblige MUND BEATTY. i aiog to boccreaitea thet ti incoming it is begin: ie erop of cotton will be much less than that of last seasom, The New Orleans that a bably 8] The fittle Rock Crue the cotton erop—preventing 1 yy 6 Sad Gestroying much thet in ready for the Ticker, notice, too, in many of the ficlda we have secn, that a rank luxuriant seeond growth has in the pa. : tng, a ter are haze eur dy ‘we are inclined ‘to compared with atof last years eduphata (Ga) Repose Mine New Orleans trop. Since then, #0 warrant an increased estimate of Sth reeaisa es elatetie onee el, teeth ecrtenrceds storms and rains Tali ut the States of Als! Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, which have done Samage, particu! ‘ larly on the lands which had been “hatte well informed correspondent writes as fol- ‘ows:— N. October 6.—From the best information that in to the cotton foie the United States, I have formed an opinion that it will be the e general estimates, and much below te I left New York. It may 2,900,000 bales. 1 now consider that a very full eat mate. I have met with planters here from Mi and i, and they all give me accounts. Ihave not seen one who makes more them three-fourths of his last year’s crop. ‘We still hope for a better result, unless an occurs, With a late frost the new blooms which have appeared since the rains of 18th would increase the yield, and we therefore the figures we bave advised, namely, 8,11 ‘cad pals ue 'a Iittle tao low. Wests equines Sales" sould at present be efipeted thas ment, and the money was subsequently sareties, at whose instance he is now arrest offence, under the Subtreasury act, is puni grag in the penitentiary.—-Columbue (' oerat, , > 1.) Dem-